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Zordão OP, Campolim CM, Yariwake VY, Castro G, Ferreira CKDO, Santos A, Norberto S, Veras MM, Saad MJA, Saldiva PHN, Kim YB, Prada PO. Maternal exposure to air pollution alters energy balance transiently according to gender and changes gut microbiota. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1069243. [PMID: 37082122 PMCID: PMC10112381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1069243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The timing of maternal exposure to air pollution is crucial to define metabolic changes in the offspring. Here we aimed to determine the most critical period of maternal exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) that impairs offspring's energy metabolism and gut microbiota composition. Methods Unexposed female and male C57BL/6J mice were mated. PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) exposure occurred only in gestation (PM2.5/FA) or lactation (FA/PM2.5). We studied the offspring of both genders. Results PM2.5 exposure during gestation increased body weight (BW) at birth and from weaning to young in male adulthood. Leptin levels, food intake, Agrp, and Npy levels in the hypothalamus were also increased in young male offspring. Ikbke, Tnf increased in male PM2.5/FA. Males from FA/PM2.5 group were protected from these phenotypes showing higher O2 consumption and Ucp1 in the brown adipose tissue. In female offspring, we did not see changes in BW at weaning. However, adult females from PM2.5/FA displayed higher BW and leptin levels, despite increased energy expenditure and thermogenesis. This group showed a slight increase in food intake. In female offspring from FA/PM2.5, BW, and leptin levels were elevated. This group displayed higher energy expenditure and a mild increase in food intake. To determine if maternal exposure to PM2.5 could affect the offspring's gut microbiota, we analyzed alpha diversity by Shannon and Simpson indexes and beta diversity by the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) in offspring at 30 weeks. Unlike males, exposure during gestation led to higher adiposity and leptin maintenance in female offspring at this age. Gestation exposure was associated with decreased alpha diversity in the gut microbiota in both genders. Discussion Our data support that exposure to air pollution during gestation is more harmful to metabolism than exposure during lactation. Male offspring had an unfavorable metabolic phenotype at a young age. However, at an older age, only females kept more adiposity. Ultimately, our data highlight the importance of controlling air pollution, especially during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Pizetta Zordão
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Clara Machado Campolim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sónia Norberto
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Jose Abdalla Saad
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Patricia Oliveira Prada
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Patricia Oliveira Prada, ;
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Beentjes D, Shears RK, French N, Neill DR, Kadioglu A. Mechanistic Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Pneumococcal Pathogenesis and Transmission. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1070-1080. [PMID: 35649181 PMCID: PMC9704843 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2668tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is the leading cause of pneumonia and bacterial meningitis. A number of recent studies indicate an association between the incidence of pneumococcal disease and exposure to air pollution. Although the epidemiological evidence is substantial, the underlying mechanisms by which the various components of air pollution (particulate matter and gases such as NO2 and SO2) can increase susceptibility to pneumococcal infection are less well understood. In this review, we summarize the various effects air pollution components have on pneumococcal pathogenesis and transmission; exposure to air pollution can enhance host susceptibility to pneumococcal colonization by impairing the mucociliary activity of the airway mucosa, reducing the function and production of key antimicrobial peptides, and upregulating an important pneumococcal adherence factor on respiratory epithelial cells. Air pollutant exposure can also impair the phagocytic killing ability of macrophages, permitting increased replication of S. pneumoniae. In addition, particulate matter has been shown to activate various extra- and intracellular receptors of airway epithelial cells, which may lead to increased proinflammatory cytokine production. This increases recruitment of innate immune cells, including macrophages and neutrophils. The inflammatory response that ensues may result in significant tissue damage, thereby increasing susceptibility to invasive disease, because it allows S. pneumoniae access to the underlying tissues and blood. This review provides an in-depth understanding of the interaction between air pollution and the pneumococcus, which has the potential to aid the development of novel treatments or alternative strategies to prevent disease, especially in areas with high concentrations of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan Beentjes
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca K Shears
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil French
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Neill
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Aras Kadioglu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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de Souza Xavier Costa N, Mirtes Teles A, de Brito JM, de Barros Mendes Lopes T, Calciolari Rossi R, Magalhães Arantes Costa F, Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo B, Perini A, Furuya TK, Germán Murillo Carrasco A, Matera Veras M, Nascimento Saldiva PH, Chammas R, Mauad T. Allergic sensitization and exposure to ambient air pollution beginning early in life lead to a COPD-like phenotype in young adult mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113821. [PMID: 36068749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The perinatal period and early infancy are considered critical periods for lung development. During this period, adversities such as environmental exposures, allergic sensitization, and asthma are believed to impact lung health in adulthood. Therefore, we hypothesized that concomitant exposure to allergic sensitization and urban-derived fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the early postnatal period of mice would cause more profound alterations in lung alveolarization and growth and differently modulate lung inflammation and gene expression than either insult alone in adult life. BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to PM2.5 from the fifth day of life. Then, we assessed lung responsiveness, inflammation in BALF, lung tissue, and alveolarization by stereology. In addition, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of lung tissue on the 40th day of life. Our results showed that young adult mice submitted to allergic sensitization and exposure to ambient PM2.5 since early life presented decreased lung growth with impaired alveolarization, a mixed neutrophilic-eosinophilic pattern of lung inflammation, increased airway responsiveness, and increased expression of genes linked to neutrophil recruitment when compared to animals that were OVA-sensitized or PM2.5 exposed only. Both, early life allergic sensitization and PM2.5 exposure, induced inflammation and impaired lung growth, but concomitant exposure was associated with worsened inflammation parameters and caused alveolar enlargement. Our experimental data provide pathological support for the hypothesis that allergic or environmental insults in early life have permanent adverse consequences for lung growth. In addition, combined insults were associated with the development of a COPD-like phenotype in young adult mice. Together with our data, current evidence points to the urgent need for healthier environments with fewer childhood disadvantage factors during the critical windows of lung development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália de Souza Xavier Costa
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aila Mirtes Teles
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jôse Mára de Brito
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís de Barros Mendes Lopes
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Calciolari Rossi
- Department of Pathology, Universidade do Oeste Paulista UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Magalhães Arantes Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM20), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM20), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adenir Perini
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM20), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Katsue Furuya
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexis Germán Murillo Carrasco
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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LPS Response Is Impaired by Urban Fine Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073913. [PMID: 35409273 PMCID: PMC8998903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a complex mixture of components with diverse chemical and physical characteristics associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular diseases mortality. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to concentrated PM2.5 on LPS-induced lung injury onset. BALB/c male mice were exposed to either filtered air or ambient fine PM2.5 in an ambient particle concentrator for 5 weeks. Then, an acute lung injury was induced with nebulized LPS. The animals were euthanized 24 h after the nebulization to either LPS or saline. Inflammatory cells and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF) were assessed in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue. In addition, lung morphology was assessed by stereological methods. Our results showed that the PM+LPS group showed histological evidence of injury, leukocytosis with increased neutrophils and macrophages, and a mixed inflammatory response profile, with increased KC, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-17. Our analysis shows that there is an interaction between the LPS nebulization and PM2.5 exposure, differently modulating the inflammatory response, with a distinct response pattern as compared to LPS or PM2.5 exposure alone. Further studies are required to explain the mechanism of immune modulation caused by PM2.5 exposure.
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Yariwake VY, Torres JI, Dos Santos ARP, Freitas SCF, De Angelis K, Farhat SCL, Câmara NOS, Veras MM. Chronic exposure to PM2.5 aggravates SLE manifestations in lupus-prone mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:15. [PMID: 33766080 PMCID: PMC7992962 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Air pollution causes negative impacts on health. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations and multifactorial etiology. Recent studies suggest that air pollution can trigger SLE and induce disease activity. However, this association has not been deeply investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exacerbates SLE manifestations, focusing on renal complications, in a lupus-prone animal model. Female NZBWF1 mice were exposed daily to 600 μg/m3 of inhaled concentrated ambient particles (CAP) or filtered air (FA). Survival rate, body weight, weight of organs (kidney, spleen, thymus, liver and heart), blood cell count, proteinuria, kidney stereology, renal histopathology, gene expression and oxidative stress were analyzed. Results Female NZBW mice exposed to CAP showed decreased survival, increased circulating neutrophils, early onset of proteinuria and increased kidney weight with renal cortex enlargement when compared to NZBW mice exposed to FA. Conclusions This work shows that air pollution aggravates some SLE manifestations in lupus-prone mice. These results reinforce the need of reducing air pollutant levels in order to promote a better quality of life for individuals diagnosed with SLE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00407-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - 1st floor (room 1220), São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Janaína Iannicelli Torres
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - 1st floor (room 1220), São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Amandda Rakell Peixoto Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Cellular Immunology, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Costa Lima Farhat
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - 1st floor (room 1220), São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute of Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Experimental Cellular Immunology, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - 1st floor (room 1220), São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
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Hu J, Fu H, Shen H, Teng CG, Yang W, Yang HB, Liu F. Does underweight amplify the relationship between short-term particulate matter exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a large cross-sectional study in a metropolis of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42449-42459. [PMID: 32710354 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Overweight/obesity modified the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure (BP). This study aims to assess whether interaction of underweight and short-term PM exposure on BP exists in Chinese children. A cross-sectional analysis including 144,513 children aged 6 to 17 years in 2016 Health Promotion Program for Children and Adolescents of Suzhou, China, was performed. Daily concentrations of inhalable PM (PM10) and fine PM (PM2.5) were extracted from air monitoring stations close to students' schools. We applied generalized linear mixed-effects models to estimate the interactions. Estimated changes (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and odds ratios (ORs) (95% CIs) for prevalence of HBP were calculated. Significant interactions between PM and underweight on BP and prevalence of high BP (HBP) were observed. For example, at lag 6, the ORs (95% CIs) for HBP by each 10 μg/m3 changes of PM2.5 were 1.066 (1.039, 1.093) and 1.036 (1.028, 1.043) among underweight and normal weight subjects, respectively; these values for PM10 were 1.048 (1.031, 1.065) and 1.025 (1.021, 1.030). At lag 5, the increases of SBP for PM2.5 were 0.32 (95% CI 0.22, 0.43) mmHg and 0.23 (95% CI 0.29, 0.26) mmHg, while changes of DBP were 0.27 (95% CI 0.18, 0.35) mmHg and 0.19 (95% CI 0.16, 0.21) mmHg among underweight and normal weight subjects, respectively. Stratified analyses demonstrated that these interactions were only obtained in males. Effects of short-term PM exposure on BP and prevalence of HBP are enhanced in underweight children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Han Fu
- Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Gang Teng
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Hai-Bing Yang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 72 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
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Air pollution impairs recovery and tissue remodeling in a murine model of acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15314. [PMID: 32943719 PMCID: PMC7499199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding the impact of air pollution on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is limited, and most studies focus on ARDS onset. Our study aimed to evaluate whether exposure to fine particulate matter interferes with lung recovery and remodeling in a murine model of acute lung injury. Forty-eight mice received nebulized LPS or the vehicle (controls). Blood, BALF, lungs and spleen were collected after 5 weeks of exposure to either PM2.5 (PM and LPS + PM group) or filtered air (control and LPS5w groups). Inflammatory cells and cytokines were assessed in the blood, BALF, lungs and spleen. Stereological analyses and remodeling assessments were performed by histology. The LPS + PM group showed increased BALF leukocytes, characterized by increased macrophages, increased IL-1β and IL-6 levels, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Moreover, we also observed septal thickening, decreased alveolar air space total volume and, septa surface density. Finally, regarding tissue remodeling, we observed elastosis of the lung parenchyma, and unlike in the LPS5w group, we did not observe fibrosis in the LPS + PM group. In conclusion, the delayed inflammation resolution due to subchronic exposure to PM2.5 could be influenced by low systemic and local lymphocyte counts, which lead to impaired lung injury recovery and tissue remodeling.
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Kim HS, Kim HJ, Kim N, Song JJ, Son BS, Yang JH, Lee CM, Park MK, Seo YR. Toxicogenomic study to identify potential signaling alterations related to nasal inflammatory damages induced by diesel exhaust particles in primary human nasal epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104994. [PMID: 32891722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to identify signaling alteration caused by exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) using primary human nasal epithelial cells (PHNECs). Global gene expression profiles in PHNECs following 50 and 200 μg/ml of DEP exposure were identified using microarray analysis. To cover the limitation of array-based mRNA expression analysis, text-mining-based software was used to analyze the integrative biological networks and relevant disease-focused functions among identified DEP-responsive genes. The confidence was valued based on the connectivity between the analyzed pathway and marker candidates. Through a literature-based pathway analysis, the stimulation of inflammation- and immune response-related processes mediated by TNF were predicted as major signaling alterations in PHNECs caused by DEP exposure. CSF3, CXCL8, MMP1, and VEGFA were identified as key hub genes in the predicted pathway. Significant expression level changes in the five key genes following DEP exposure were validated in terms of protein and mRNA expression. Although further studies are required, our toxicogenomic investigation provides key clues to the exact mechanism underlying DEP-induced nasal inflammatory damage. It also suggests an efficient approach for other research on adverse effects occurring in the upper respiratory tract following DEP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Soon Son
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jun Hyuek Yang
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Min Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Short-term exposure to air pollution (PM 2.5) induces hypothalamic inflammation, and long-term leads to leptin resistance and obesity via Tlr4/Ikbke in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10160. [PMID: 32576879 PMCID: PMC7311527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated that a high-fat diet (HFD), administered for one-three-days, induces hypothalamic inflammation before obesity’s established, and the long term affects leptin signaling/action due to inflammation. We investigate whether exposure to particulate matter of a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) in mice fed with a chow diet leads to similar metabolic effects caused by high-fat feeding. Compared to the filtered air group (FA), one-day-exposure-PM2.5 did not affect adiposity. However, five-days-exposure-PM2.5 increased hypothalamic microglia density, toll-like-receptor-4 (Tlr4), and the inhibitor-NF-kappa-B-kinase-epsilon (Ikbke) expression. Concurrently, fat mass, food intake (FI), and ucp1 expression in brown adipose tissue were also increased. Besides, decreased hypothalamic STAT3-phosphorylation and Pomc expression were found after twelve-weeks-exposure-PM2.5. These were accompanied by increased FI and lower energy expenditure (EE), leading to obesity, along with increased leptin and insulin levels and HOMA. Mechanistically, the deletion of Tlr4 or knockdown of the Ikbke gene in the hypothalamus was sufficient to reverse the metabolic outcomes of twelve-weeks-exposure-PM2.5. These data demonstrated that short-term exposure-PM2.5 increases hypothalamic inflammation, similar to a HFD. Long-term exposure-PM2.5 is even worse, leading to leptin resistance, hyperphagia, and decreased EE. These effects are most likely due to chronic hypothalamic inflammation, which is regulated by Tlr4 and Ikbke signaling.
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Di Domenico M, Benevenuto SGDM, Tomasini PP, Yariwake VY, de Oliveira Alves N, Rahmeier FL, da Cruz Fernandes M, Moura DJ, Nascimento Saldiva PH, Veras MM. Concentrated ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure induce brain damage in pre and postnatal exposed mice. Neurotoxicology 2020; 79:127-141. [PMID: 32450181 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a public health concern that has been associated with adverse effects on the development and functions of the central nervous system (CNS). However, studies on the effects of exposure to pollutants on the CNS across the entire developmental period still remain scarce. In this study, we investigated the impacts of prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from São Paulo city, on the brain structure and behavior of juvenile male mice. BALB/c mice were exposed to PM2.5 concentrated ambient particles (CAP) at a daily concentration of 600 μg/m³ during the gestational [gestational day (GD) 1.5-18.5] and the postnatal periods [postnatal day (PND) 22-90] to filtered air (FA) in both periods (FA/FA), to CAP only in the postnatal period (FA/CAP), to CAP only in the gestational period (CAP/FA), and to CAP in both periods (CAP/CAP). Behavioral tests were performed when animals were at PND 30 and PND 90. Glial activation, brain volume, cortical neuron number, serotonergic and GABAergic receptors, as well as oxidative stress, were measured. Mice at PND 90 presented greater behavioral changes in the form of greater locomotor activity in the FA-CAP and CAP-CAP groups. In general, these same groups explored objects longer and the CAP-FA group presented anxiolytic behavior. There was no difference in total brain volume among groups, but a lower corpus callosum (CC) volume was observed in the CAP-FA group. Also, the CAP-CAP group presented an increase in microglia in the cortex and an increased in astrocytes in the cortex, CC, and C1A and dentate gyrus of hippocampus regions. Gene expression analysis showed a decrease in BDNF in the hippocampus of CAP-CAP group. Treatment of immortalized glial cells with non-cytotoxic doses of ambient PM2.5 increased micronuclei frequencies, indicating genomic instability. These findings highlight the potential for negative neurodevelopmental outcomes induced by exposure to moderate levels of PM2.5 in Sao Paulo city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlise Di Domenico
- Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Paula Pellenz Tomasini
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilmara de Oliveira Alves
- Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francine Luciano Rahmeier
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dinara Jaqueline Moura
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Ray JL, Fletcher P, Burmeister R, Holian A. The role of sex in particle-induced inflammation and injury. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1589. [PMID: 31566915 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of engineered nanomaterials within various applications such as medicine, electronics, and cosmetics has been steadily increasing; therefore, the rate of occupational and environmental exposures has also increased. Inhalation is an important route of exposure to nanomaterials and has been shown to cause various respiratory diseases in animal models. Human lung disease frequently presents with a sex/gender-bias in prevalence or severity, but investigation of potential sex-differences in the adverse health outcomes associated with nanoparticle inhalation is greatly lacking. Only ~20% of basic research in the general sciences use both male and female animals and a substantial percentage of these do not address differences between sexes within their analyses. This has prevented researchers from fully understanding the impact of sex-based variables on health and disease, particularly the pathologies resulting from the inhalation of particles. The mechanisms responsible for sex-differences in respiratory disease remain unclear, but could be related to a number of variables including sex-differences in hormone signaling, lung physiology, or respiratory immune function. By incorporating sex-based analysis into respiratory nanotoxicology and utilizing human data from other relevant particles (e.g., asbestos, silica, particulate matter), we can improve our understanding of sex as a biological variable in nanoparticle exposures. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Ray
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana
| | - Paige Fletcher
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana
| | - Rachel Burmeister
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana
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12
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Curbani F, de Oliveira Busato F, Marcarini do Nascimento M, Olivieri DN, Tadokoro CE. Inhale, exhale: Why particulate matter exposure in animal models are so acute? Data and facts behind the history. Data Brief 2019; 25:104237. [PMID: 31367664 PMCID: PMC6646918 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a dataset obtained by extracting information from an extensive literature search of toxicological experiments using mice and rat animal models to study the effects of exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM). Our dataset covers results reported from 75 research articles considering paper published in 2017 and seminal papers from previous years. The compiled data and normalization were processed with an equation based on a PM dosimetry model. This equation allows the comparison of different toxicological experiments using instillation and inhalation as PM exposure protocols with respect to inhalation rates, concentrations and PM exposure doses of the toxicological experiments performed by different protocols using instillation and inhalation PM as exposure methods. This data complements the discussions and interpretations presented in the research article “Inhale, exhale: why particulate matter exposure in animal models are so acute?” Curbani et al., 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Curbani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.,Departamento de Tecnologia Industrial, Centro Tecnológico, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, CEP 29060-970, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Oliveira Busato
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Maynara Marcarini do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Tadokoro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ecossistemas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, CEP 29102-920, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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13
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Dang S, Ding D, Lu Y, Su Q, Lin T, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang X, Tan H, Zhu Z, Li H. PM 2.5 exposure during pregnancy induces hypermethylation of estrogen receptor promoter region in rat uterus and declines offspring birth weights. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:851-861. [PMID: 30245447 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposures during pregnancy could lead to declined birth weight, intrauterine developmental restriction, and premature delivery, however, the underlying mechanisms are still not elucidated. There are few studies concerning the effects of PM2.5 exposure on maternal and child health in Xi'an (one of the cities with severe air pollution of PM2.5 in North China). Then, this study aimed to investigate the effect of PM2.5 exposure in Xi'an on the offspring birth weights and the possibly associated epigenetic mechanisms. We found the Low and High groups: the offspring with declined birth weights; the decreased mRNA and protein expression of the estrogen receptor (ERs) and eNOs in the uterus; the decreased endometria vascular diameter maximum (EVDM); the increased mRNA and protein expressions of the DNMT1 and 3b in the uterus; the elevated methylation levels of the CpG sites in the CpG island of ERα promoter region in the uterus. However, no differences were observed in the mRNA or protein expressions of ERβ and DNMT3a between the Clean and PM2.5 exposure groups, as well as endometriavascular density (EVD). Additionally, PM2.5 level was negatively correlated with the ERα protein expression, EVDM and offspring birth weight, as well as the methylation level of the CpG sites in the CpG island of ERα promoter region and the ERα protein expression in the uterus; whereas the ERα protein expression was positively correlated with the offspring birth weight, as well as PM2.5 level and the methylation level of the CpG sites in the CpG island of ERα promoter region in the uterus. Taken together, elevated methylation level of the CpG sites in the CpG island of ERα promoter region reduces ERα expression in the uterus, which could be one of the epigenetic mechanisms that pregnant PM2.5 exposure reduces the offspring birth weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokang Dang
- Division of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Division of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Department of Genetics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Qian Su
- Division of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tianwei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Division of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Energy and Power Engineering College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Houzhang Tan
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Energy and Power Engineering College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hui Li
- Division of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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14
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de Barros Mendes Lopes T, Groth EE, Veras M, Furuya TK, de Souza Xavier Costa N, Ribeiro Júnior G, Lopes FD, de Almeida FM, Cardoso WV, Saldiva PHN, Chammas R, Mauad T. Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM 2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:511-520. [PMID: 29883952 PMCID: PMC6407120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gestational exposure to air pollution is associated with negative outcomes in newborns and children. In a previous study, we demonstrated a synergistic negative effect of pre- and postnatal exposure to PM2.5 on lung development in mice. However, the means by which air pollution affects development of the lung have not yet been identified. In this study, we exposed pregnant BALB/c mice and their offspring to concentrated urban PM2.5 (from São Paulo, Brazil; target dose 600 μg/m3 for 1 h daily). Exposure was started on embryonic day 5.5 (E5.5, time of placental implantation). Lung tissue of fetuses and offspring was submitted to stereological and transcriptomic analyses at E14.5 (pseudoglandular stage of lung development), E18.5 (saccular stage) and P40 (postnatal day 40, alveolarized lung). Additionally, lung function and cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were studied in offspring animals at P40. Compared to control animals that were exposed to filtered air throughout gestation and postnatal life, PM-exposed mice exhibited higher lung elastance and a lower alveolar number at P40 whilst the total lung volume and cellularity of BAL fluid were not affected. Glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs were not altered upon gestational exposure; transcriptomic signatures, however, showed changes related to DNA damage and its regulation, inflammation and regulation of cell proliferation. A differential expression was validated at E14.5 for the candidates Sox8, Angptl4 and Gas1. Our data substantiate the in utero biomolecular effect of gestational exposure to air pollution and provide first-time stereological evidence that pre- and early life-postnatal exposure compromise lung development, leading to a reduced number of alveoli and an impairment of lung function in the adult mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Barros Mendes Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Espen E Groth
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane K Furuya
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 251, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia de Souza Xavier Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Degobbi Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM20), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine M de Almeida
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM20), Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Center of Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 251, 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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15
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Elad D, Zaretsky U, Avraham S, Gotlieb R, Wolf M, Katra I, Sarig S, Zaady E. In vitro exposure of nasal epithelial cells to atmospheric dust. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 17:891-901. [PMID: 29302839 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dust storms are common phenomena in many parts of the world, and significantly increase the level of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The soil-derived dust is a mixture of organic and inorganic particles and even remnants of pesticides from agricultural areas nearby. The risk of human exposure to atmospheric dust is well documented, but very little is known on the impact of inhaled PM on the biological lining of the nasal cavity, which is the natural filter between the external environment and the respiratory tract. We developed a new system and methodology for in vitro exposure of cultured nasal epithelial cells (NEC) to atmospheric soil-dust pollutants under realistic and controlled laboratory simulations that mimic nasal breathing. We exposed cultured NEC to clean and dust-polluted airflows that mimic physiological conditions. The results revealed that the secretion of mucin and IL-8 from the NEC exposed to clean and dust-polluted airflows was less than the secretion at static conditions under clean air. The secretion of IL-8 from NEC exposed to dust-polluted air was larger than that of clean air, but not larger than in the static case. The experiments with dust air pollution that also contained agricultural pesticides did not reveal differences in the secretion of mucin and IL-8 as compared to the same pollution without pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Elad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Uri Zaretsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Sharon Avraham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Ruthie Gotlieb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Itzhak Katra
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Shlomo Sarig
- The Katif Research Center, Sdot-Negev, Mobile Post Negev, 85200, Israel
| | - Eli Zaady
- Department of Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization, Ministry of Agriculture, Gilat Research Center, Mobile Post Negev, 8531100, Israel
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16
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Yoshizaki K, Brito JM, Silva LF, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Frias DP, E Silva RCR, Amato-Lourenço LF, Saldiva PHN, de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério I, Mauad T, Macchione M. The effects of particulate matter on inflammation of respiratory system: Differences between male and female. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:284-295. [PMID: 28174048 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is known to exacerbate respiratory diseases and epidemiological studies have shown that women present more chronic respiratory symptoms than man exposed to traffic pollution, however, the reason why is unclear. This study evaluated the inflammatory differences in BALB/c mouse males (n=34) and females (n=111) in three phases of the estrous cycle that were exposed to ambient air (AA) or concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Tracheal hyperreactivity to methacholine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemical of airways and lung parenchyma were studied. Hyperreactivity increased in CAPs-exposed female mice compared with AA-exposed mice in estrus (p<0.05) and proestrus phases (p<0.05) and decreased in CAPs-exposed males compared with those exposed to AA (p<0.05). Males had increased numbers of total cells (p=0.037) and macrophages (p=0.028) compared to females. BALF levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) (p=0.000), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) (p=0.001) and IL-8 receptor alpha (IL-8Rα) (p=0.014) were increased in males compared with proestrus, estrus and diestrus females, independent of exposure. Proestrus females exhibited significantly higher cadherin expression in lung parenchyma than did males (p=0.005). CAPs exposure increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (p=0.024) and isoprostane (p=0.003) expression in the airways of both, males and females. The level of substance P (SP) (p=0.001) increased in lung parenchyma in males compared with females, while IL-17 levels in airways (p=0.042) and in lung parenchyma (p=0.008) increased in females. MMP-9 levels (p=0.024) were significantly lower in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females. TGF-α (p=0.007) levels increased in the lung parenchyma of CAPs-exposed females compared to AA-exposed females. These results suggest that inflammatory markers differentially expressed in male mice were mostly linked to acute inflammation (IL-1β, IL-8Rα, COX-2), whereas in females, markers that may lead to a chronic inflammatory process such as IL-17 and remodeling (MMP-9) were increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Yoshizaki
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jôse Mára Brito
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Fernando Silva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Perroni Frias
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenço
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariangela Macchione
- Department of Pathology, Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, LIM05 - School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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