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Ye JA, Wang LC, Liu TK. Accumulation of persistent organic pollutants by MPs in coastal wastewater treatment plants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116922. [PMID: 39243473 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The abundance and fate of microplastics (MPs) in wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) has been reported extensively. However, in the wastewater, the extent to which hazardous chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) accumulated by MPs not been clearly explored. In this study, MPs was sampled from influents and effluents in WTPs to characterize POPs in sorption within MPs. The highest concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, PBDEs, and PCBs in sorption within MPs from untreated influents were 5310, 2310, 5,220,000, and 22,700 pg/g, respectively. The most toxic congener, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD, accounts for up to 32.3 % of the contribution to PCDD/Fs within MPs. Furthermore, the concentration of PCDD/Fs within MPs from untreated influents could be up to 27.7 times higher than that in microplastic pellets on the coastal beach. This study highlights the quantitative evidence of the POPs within MPs present in untreated influents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-An Ye
- Institute of Ocean Technology and Marine Affairs, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Chi Wang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Kang Liu
- Institute of Ocean Technology and Marine Affairs, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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2
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Ghaemi M, Soleimani F, Gholamipour S. Heavy metal and persistent organic pollutant profile of sediments from marine protected areas: the northern Persian Gulf. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:120877-120891. [PMID: 37945966 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one of the policy tools to support marine biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. The distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals (HMs) in sediments of MPAs in the northern Persian Gulf, were evaluated for the first time in this study. The Σ16PAHs ranged from 4.65 to 20.86 μg/kg dry weight (dw). The molecular ratios and ring's pattern of PAHs suggested a mixed origin with a predominance of pyrogenic sources. The TPH concentration varied from 5.21 to 17.90 μg/g dw. Ecological risk assessment suggested that sediment samples in Bushehr Province's MPAs can be categorized as medium risk. The mean concentration of ∑18PCB was 0.345-0.419 ng/g dw, and the main components correspond to PCB-77, PCB-105, PCB-81, PCB-101, and PCB-114. The mean concentration of As, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Mg, Pb, Zn, Cu, Al, and Fe varied from 4.79 to 9.69, 2-12, 39-142, 18-90, 15-58, 184-425, 7-45.9, 6-42.4, 4-20 μg/g dw, 0.75-4.12%, and 0.35-1.62%, respectively. Multivariate analysis, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), coupled with correlation coefficient analysis, was used to analyze the analytical data and to identify possible pollution sources. The results of this study provided the background information on the extent of POP contamination in the sediment and highlighted the need to further control pollution in MPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghaemi
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran, 1411813389, Iran.
| | - Farshid Soleimani
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran, 1411813389, Iran
- Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sara Gholamipour
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, No. 3, Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave., Tehran, 1411813389, Iran
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3
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Ciucure CT, Geana EI, Arseni M, Ionete RE. Status of different anthropogenic organic pollutants accumulated in sediments from Olt River Basin, Romania: From distribution and sources to risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163967. [PMID: 37164074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Some organic pollutants including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been banned from production worldwide, but due to their toxicity and persistence are still of concern. Also, unintentional by-products of combustion and industrial processes such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), represent a permanent threat to the safety of the environment and the population. In this study, surface sediment samples from the middle and lower Olt River Basin (ORB), Romania, including dams, the main tributaries and the confluence with Danube River were collected during seasonal sampling campaigns in 2019 and analyzed for 13 OCPs, 12 PCBs and 15 PAHs in order to evaluate the impact of the main anthropogenic activities in the area (industrial activities and agriculture) and the ecological status of the ORB. The registered levels of OCPs, PCBs and PAHs in surface sediments varied from low to significantly polluted environments, indicating a clear spatial distribution between sites based on concentrations and congener profiles correlated with the influence of anthropogenic activities in the surrounding area. Based on some molecular diagnostic ratio and multivariate statistical analysis, both non-point sources and point sources deposition by surface runoff or atmospheric deposition were identified. Overall, the contamination profile of the study area reveals significant amounts of organochlorine compounds, resulting from the industrial production of chlorinated products, including lindane, but also from the long-term agricultural use of both HCHs and DDTs, more than half of the sites having levels that pose a potential risk for benthic organisms. Therefore, levels of POPs in the hot-spots sampling locations raise numerous concerns about the safety of the environment and the population in the region, requiring immediate actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Elisabeta-Irina Geana
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania.
| | - Maxim Arseni
- REXDAN Research Infrastructure, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800201 Galati, Romania
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
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Kılıç S, Kılıç Ö, Belivermiş M, Ergül HA. Chronology of PAH and PCB pollution using sediment core in the Golden Horn estuary (Sea of Marmara). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114570. [PMID: 36642004 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sources and depositional history of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 18 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) congeners in the Golden Horn estuary (İstanbul) were investigated using a dated sediment core for the period between 1880 and 2012. The concentrations of PAHs and PCBs were calculated for every 4 cm slices of the sediment core and ranged from 1203.5 to 3441.4 ng/g and 5.4 to 41.4 ng/g, respectively. The diagnostic ratios indicated that the maximum PAH values correspondence to combustion after a crude oil-carrying Romanian tanker (Independenta) accident in the İstanbul Strait in 1979. The historical deposition of PAHs and PCBs in the Golden Horn was influenced by municipal effluent and heavy industrial dischargers approximately 50 years. When the Silahtarağa thermal power plant (TPP) was operating, PCB pollution rose; however, after a thorough rehabilitation effort and the outlawing of PCB use in the 1990s, pollution levels significantly tended to decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kocaeli University, 41380 Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Ö Kılıç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H A Ergül
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kocaeli University, 41380 Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Rao Q, Wang X, Zhang Q, Hoogenboom R, Li H, Deng Z, Song W, Cheng L, Liu X, Guan S, Song W, Yao C, Chen S, Zhou J. New insights into the transfer and accumulation of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in the food web of farmed Chinese mitten crabs: A typical case from the Yangtze River area. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129178. [PMID: 35643012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) transfer and accumulation behavior remains poorly understood in the farmed Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). In this study, dioxins and DL-PCBs concentration in 48 farming crabs in lower reaches of the Yangtze River was monitored and controlled field design was conducted in a typical farm to dissect the dioxins and DL-PCBs contamination in crab food web (crab, feeds, and environment). Results showed that dioxins and DL-PCBs were ubiquitous in farmed crabs with concentrations ranging from 0.390 to 37.2 pg toxic equivalents (TEQ) g-1 ww and do not present a health risk to general consumers. Of the total dioxins TEQ found in crab in treated farms, 45.6% was attributed to direct transfer from the aquaculture environment and 46.5% to the consumption of snails. Consumption of feed material accounted for nearly all of the total DL-PCBs TEQ, divided as 58.2% from feed and 41.8% from snails. These results demonstrated that dominant routes of dioxins accumulation in crabs were transferred for the sediment-snail-crab and sediment-crab chains, whereas DL-PCBs is mainly transferred through consumption of feeds and snails. To our knowledge, this work is the first report of snails serving as a biomagnification medium that promotes accumulation of dioxins in mitten crabs. This observation provided crucial insight to prevent and reduce contamination of crab by dioxins and DL-PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Qicai Zhang
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Ron Hoogenboom
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen UR, Akkermaalsbos 2, Wageningen 6708 WB, the Netherlands
| | - Huaxi Li
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhongsheng Deng
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Lin Cheng
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shuhui Guan
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Chunxia Yao
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Agro-product Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201403, China
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Li T, Tian D, Lu M, Wang B, Li J, Xu B, Chen H, Wu S. Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by polychlorinated biphenyl 126 contributes to increased brain proinflammatory cytokines: Landscapes from the gut-brain axis and fecal microbiota transplantation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113726. [PMID: 35691195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of brain inflammation induced by polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126) has not yet been fully illustrated. Growing evidence highlights the relevance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of the gut microbiota in PCB126-induced proinflammatory cytokine increases in the mouse brain. The results showed that PCB126 exposure significantly disordered gut bacterial communities, resulting in the enrichment of gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria), further leading to elevated levels of the gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subsequently, colonic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) was activated by bacterial LPS, which promoted proinflammatory cytokine generation and inhibited tight junction (TJ) protein expression. Then, bacterial LPS translocated from the gut lumen into the blood circulation and reached the brain, triggering LPS/TLR-4-mediated increases in brain proinflammatory cytokines. Further analysis after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) suggested that the gut microbiota disturbance caused by PCB126 could induce elevated bacterial LPS and trigger TLR-4-mediated increases in proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. This study highlights the possibility that PCB126-induced gut microbiota disorder contributes to increased brain proinflammatory cytokines. These results provide a new perspective for identifying the toxicity mechanisms of PCB126 and open up the possibility of modulating the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target for CNS disease caused by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dongcan Tian
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengtian Lu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bijiao Wang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shijin Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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7
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Zhu M, Yuan Y, Yin H, Guo Z, Wei X, Qi X, Liu H, Dang Z. Environmental contamination and human exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in China: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150270. [PMID: 34536863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), together with 11 other organic compounds, were initially listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention because of their potential threat to ecosystems and humans. In China, many monitoring studies have been undertaken to reveal the level of PCBs in environment since 2005 due to the introduced stricter environmental regulations. However, there are still significant gaps in understanding the overall spatial and temporal distributions of PCBs in China. This review systematically discusses the occurrence and distribution of PCBs in environmental matrices, organisms, and humans in China. Results showed that PCB contamination in northern and southern China was not significantly different, but the PCB levels in East China were commonly higher than those in West China, which might have been due to the widespread consumption of PCBs and intensive human activities in East China. Serious PCB contamination was found in e-waste disassembling areas (e.g., Taizhou of Zhejiang Province and Qingyuan and Guiyu of Guangdong Province). Higher PCB concentrations were also chronicled in megalopolises and industrial clusters. The unintentionally produced PCBs (UP-PCBs) formed during industrial thermal processes may play an increasingly significant role in PCB pollution in China. Low PCB levels were recorded in rural and underdeveloped districts, particularly in remote and high-altitude localities such as the Tibetan Plateau and the South China Sea. However, these data are limited. Human exposure to PCBs is closely related to the characteristics of environmental pollution. This review also discusses existing issues and future research prospects on PCBs in China. For instance, the accumulation characteristics and migration regularities of PCBs in food webs should be further studied. More investigations should be undertaken to assess the quantitative relationship between external and internal exposure to PCBs. For example, bioaccessibility and bioavailability studies should be supplemented to evaluate human health risks more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yibo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xipeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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Xie Q, Yu RQ, Yu R, Wang Z, Zhang X, Wu Y. Historic changes of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in juvenile and adult cetaceans from the Pearl River estuary from 2003 to 2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149512. [PMID: 34391148 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as a type of legacy persistent organic pollutants, pose significant health threats to wildlife. However, long-term residue changes and profiles of PCBs in cetaceans have not been extensively studied in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), an important marine mammal area in China. Here, the body burdens, spatiotemporal trends, and health risks of 21 chlorobiphenyl congeners (∑21CBs) were analyzed in blubber samples collected from twelve cetacean species (n = 172) in the PRE from 2003 to 2020. Our results revealed medium levels of PCBs (316-96,233 ng g-1 lipid) compared to those reported for cetaceans elsewhere (70-370,000 ng g-1 lipid). Clear differences in PCB distribution patterns between inshore and offshore cetaceans and between odontocetes and mysticetes were also found. Both the coastal Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and Indo-Pacific finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) displayed similarly fine-scale spatial distribution patterns of PCBs, suggesting that the two cetaceans could serve as bioindicators of PCB pollution in the PRE. Additionally, both cetaceans exhibited decreasing trends in their blubber PCB concentrations over the past 20 years, likely reflecting the effective regulation of PCBs in the PRE Delta. Nevertheless, the relatively high and stable PCB-toxic equivalent (TEQ) levels detected in calf humpback dolphins during the sampling period suggested that the calves are still under the stresses of high PCB-related health risks. Our results highlight the need for more efforts to eliminate PCB contamination to prevent these cetaceans from continuous population decline and further extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ri-Qing Yu
- Department of Biology, Center for Environment, Biodiversity and Conservation, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Ronglan Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Medicinal Plants of Fujian, College of Life Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai 519000, China.
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Guangdong, Zhuhai 519000, China.
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9
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Dinç B, Çelebi A, Avaz G, Canlı O, Güzel B, Eren B, Yetis U. Spatial distribution and source identification of persistent organic pollutants in the sediments of the Yeşilırmak River and coastal area in the Black Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112884. [PMID: 34454391 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments from the Yeşilırmak River and the near coastal area in the Black Sea were collected using sediment traps to assess the spatial distributions of persistent organic pollutants and find their potential sources. Analyses were carried out to determine the concentrations of the persistent organic pollutants of seventeen polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, seven polychlorinated biphenyls, and eight organochlorine pesticides using high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry systems. Analysis showed that the three main components of persistent organic pollutants (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and organochlorine pesticides) primary sources are industrial activities. In addition, the widespread occurrence of persistent organic pollutants in the watershed surface sediments taken from the Yeşilırmak River basin showed that agricultural and urban areas are also diffuse persistent organic pollutants sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Dinç
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çelebi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Turkey.
| | - Gülsen Avaz
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey
| | - Oltan Canlı
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey
| | - Bariş Güzel
- Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey
| | - Beytullah Eren
- Environmental Engineering Department, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Turkey
| | - Ulku Yetis
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Inönü Bulvari, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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10
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Guo L, Zhang X, Luo D, Yu RQ, Xie Q, Wu Y. Population-level effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure on highly vulnerable Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins from their largest habitat. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117544. [PMID: 34119862 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-related risks have been reported at the cellular, organ, and individual levels in some marine mammals, studies quantifying the PCB-associated population-level effects are limited. Here, we combined chemical analysis and individual-based model simulation to investigate the impact of PCBs on the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (sub)population from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). An annual PCB accumulation rate of 0.29 ± 0.07 mg/kg lipid per year was estimated based on the measured age-specific male data as males continue to accumulate PCBs throughout their lifetime, without depurating contaminant loads. Using the Taiwan Strait dolphin population with low PCBs as a baseline, we compare our model simulations in PRE population to estimate relative population impacts of PCBs and other stressors. When using the current vital rates of the PRE dolphins which have been affected by PCBs and other stressors (e.g., underwater noise, prey limitation, etc.), our simulations revealed a substantial decline (8.1%) in the annual population growth rate (λ) of PRE metapopulation compared to baseline over the next 100 years. At the estimated PCB accumulation rate, the PCB-mediated effects on calf survival and immunity would cause a slight decline (0.9%) in λ relative to baseline. Our findings suggest a relatively limited impact of PCBs on the long-term survival of PRE dolphins among all stressors. However, it should be noted that even under model simulations where dietary PCBs were eliminated, humpback dolphins would still need a long time to reduce their PCB burdens to a relatively "safe" level through biological cycling. Considering that the baseline vital rates might also have been affected by PCBs and other stressors, our results are considered relative rather than absolute. This study provides a starting point for quantifying population-level consequences of contaminant exposure on humpback dolphins, although more efforts are needed to perfect this type of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Guo
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Dingyu Luo
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Ri-Qing Yu
- Department of Biology, Center for Environment, Biodiversity and Conservation, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Qiang Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China.
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11
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Oregel-Zamudio E, Alvarez-Bernal D, Franco-Hernandez MO, Buelna-Osben HR, Mora M. Bioaccumulation of PCBs and PBDEs in Fish from a Tropical Lake Chapala, Mexico. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9100241. [PMID: 34678937 PMCID: PMC8540629 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lake Chapala is the largest natural freshwater reservoir in Mexico and the third largest lake in Latin America. Lakes are often considered the final deposit of polluting materials; they can be concentrated in the organisms that inhabit them, the water, and the sediments. The PCBs and PBDEs are environmental pollutants highly studied for their known carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. PCB and PBDE bioaccumulation levels were determined in Chirostoma spp., Cyprinus carpio, and Oreochromis aureus. In addition, we monitored the concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs in sediment and water from Lake Chapala were monitored. Samples were collected during two periods, in October 2018 and May 2019. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Two bioaccumulation factors were determined in fish, one in relation to the concentration of PCBs and PBDEs in sediments and the other in relation to the concentration of PCBs and PBDEs in water. The PCB levels were 0.55–3.29 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments, 1.43–2.98 ng/mL in water, 0.30–5.31 ng/g dw in Chirostoma spp., 1.06–6.07 ng/g dw in Cyprinus carpio, and 0.55–7.20 ng/g dw in Oreochromis aureus. The levels of PBDEs were 0.17–0.35 ng/g dw in sediments, 0.13–0.32 ng/mL in water, 0.01–0.23 ng/g dw in Chirostoma spp., 0–0.31 ng/g dw in Cyprinus carpio, and 0.1–0.22 ng/g dw in Oreochromis aureus. This study provides information for a better understanding of the movement, global distribution, and bioaccumulation of PCBs and PBDEs. The results show that the fish, water, and sediments of Lake Chapala are potential risks to the biota and the local human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Oregel-Zamudio
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología-IPN (UPIBI), Av. Acueducto, Barrio la Laguna Ticoman, Ciudad de México 07340, Mexico;
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Michoacán, Justo Sierra 28, Col. Centro, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico; (D.A.-B.); (H.R.B.-O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-353-533-0218
| | - Dioselina Alvarez-Bernal
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Michoacán, Justo Sierra 28, Col. Centro, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico; (D.A.-B.); (H.R.B.-O.)
| | - Marina Olivia Franco-Hernandez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología-IPN (UPIBI), Av. Acueducto, Barrio la Laguna Ticoman, Ciudad de México 07340, Mexico;
| | - Hector Rene Buelna-Osben
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Michoacán, Justo Sierra 28, Col. Centro, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico; (D.A.-B.); (H.R.B.-O.)
| | - Miguel Mora
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, 454 Throckmorton St, College Station, TX 77840, USA;
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12
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Aziza AE, Iwegbue CMA, Tesi GO, Nwajei GE, Martincigh BS. Concentrations, sources, and exposure risk of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil profiles of the floodplain of the lower reaches of the River Niger, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:579. [PMID: 34398331 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09310-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of 28 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in soils collected at three depths from thirteen different sites along the floodplain of the lower reaches of the River Niger (LRRN) in Nigeria. The aim of the study was to provide data on the levels of contamination, sources of the contaminants, and risks to the ecosystem and humans. Soil samples were Soxhlet extracted with a solvent mixture of dichloromethane (DCM)/n-hexane and cleaned up on a column packed with Florisil and silica gel. The PCBs in the samples were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Ʃ28 PCB concentrations in the floodplain soils varied between not detected (nd) and 11,151 ng g-1 for different sampling sites and depths. The PCB concentrations and homologue distribution patterns in soil profiles of the floodplain of the LRRN showed remarkable differences with respect to sites and depths. The results obtained were used to evaluate the ecological and human health risks, which indicated that there is a potential risk to organisms and humans from exposure to PCBs in these soil profiles. The source evaluation as determined by principal component analysis suggested that PCBs in these soil profiles came from burnt circuit boards, cable wires, use of paints, discharges from transformers, long-range migration, and deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Aziza
- Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria
| | | | - Godswill O Tesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
| | - Godwin E Nwajei
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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13
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Lu Q, Liu J, He H, Liang Z, Qiu R, Wang S. Waste activated sludge stimulates in situ microbial reductive dehalogenation of organohalide-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125189. [PMID: 33858119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to its enriched organic matter, nutrients and growth cofactors, as well as a diverse range of microorganisms, waste activated sludge (WAS) might be an ideal additive to stimulate organohalide respiration for in situ bioremediation of organohalide-contaminated sites. In this study, we investigated the biostimulation and bioaugmentation impacts of WAS-amendment on the performance and microbiome in tetrachloroethene (PCE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) dechlorinating microcosms. Results demonstrated that WAS-amendment increased PCE- and PCBs-dechlorination rate as much as 6.06 and 10.67 folds, respectively. The presence of WAS provided a favorable growth niche for organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB), including redox mediation and generation of electron donors and carbon sources. Particularly for the PCE dechlorination, indigenous Geobacter and WAS-derived Dehalococcoides were identified to play key roles in PCE-to-dichloroethene (DCE) and DCE-to-ethene dechlorination, respectively. Similar biostimulation and bioaugmentation effects of WAS-amendment were observed on both PCE- and PCBs-dechlorination in three different soils, i.e., laterite, brown loam and paddy soil. Risk assessment suggested low potential ecological risk of WAS amendment in remediation of organohalide-contaminated soil. Overall, this study provided an economic and efficient strategy to stimulate the organohalide respiration-based bioremediation in field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Lu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jinting Liu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haozheng He
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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14
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Jokanović S, Kajan K, Perović S, Ivanić M, Mačić V, Orlić S. Anthropogenic influence on the environmental health along Montenegro coast based on the bacterial and chemical characterization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116383. [PMID: 33387780 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal marine sediments are particularly exposed to human activities. The function of a coastal ecosystem is largely affected by eutrophication, wastewater discharges, chemical pollution, port activities, industry and tourism. Bacterial classification can be used as a measure in assessing the harmful effects on the ecosystem. This study provided insight into the environmental health of the coastal region of Montenegro analyzing the possible impact of PAHs and PCBs upon the bacterial community diversity and function as well as nutrients. Two stations at the shipyards were defined as very high PAH polluted together with PCB concentration exceeding threshold values. The bacterial community at the OTU level clustered together all stations except the most polluted site (SBL), the main tourist destination in Montenegro (BDV) and the estuary site (ADB) forming the independent clusters. Bacterial community based on the OTU level was driven by PAHs, TOC and silt content. The lowest richness and diversity were indicated at the site with the highest concentration of PAHs and PCBs with the highest abundance of Alphaproteobacteria followed by Gammaproteobacteria. OTUs affiliated to phyla BRC1, Dadabacteria and Spirochaetes were present with a total abundance higher than 1% only at the most polluted site indicating their persistence and possible potential for degradation of aromatic compounds. To compare functional capabilities potentially related to biodegradation of aromatic compounds and active transport systems, PICRUSt was used to predict metagenomes of the sediments. From our data, we identified specific bacterial community and predicted metabolic pathways that give us a picture of the environmental health along the coast of Montenegro, which provides us a new insight into human-induced pollution impacts on the coastal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jokanović
- Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, 85 330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Katarina Kajan
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Materials Chemistry, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia; Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), University of Split, 21 000, Split, Croatia
| | - Svetlana Perović
- Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, 81 000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Maja Ivanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Mačić
- Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, 85 330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Sandi Orlić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Materials Chemistry, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia; Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), University of Split, 21 000, Split, Croatia.
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15
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Hidayati NV, Asia L, Khabouchi I, Torre F, Widowati I, Sabdono A, Doumenq P, Syakti AD. Ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in surface sediments from aquaculture system. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128372. [PMID: 33297282 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the surface sediments from shrimp ponds in four regions of the northern part of the Central Java coast (namely Brebes, Tegal, Pemalang, and Pekalongan) were investigated. The highest concentration of ∑ OCPs was found in Brebes Regency, ranging from 68.1 ± 3.4 to 168.1 ± 9.8 μg kg-1 dw. As indicated by the DDT ratio and chlordane ratio, the value suggested that those compounds may mainly originate from historical inputs rather than a recent application. The concentrations of Ʃ 7 indicator PCBs were determined, with the concentration ranged from 1.2 ± 0.7 μg kg-1 dw (Pekalongan) to 2.2 ± 0.4 μg kg-1 dw (Tegal). The most toxic PCB congener, PCB 118, was detected in all studied regions, with the highest proportion found in Tegal. Source analysis indicated that PCBs in the sediments mainly originated from Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1248. Compared to sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), some OCPs were found with concentrations which potentially posed an adverse effect. Our findings suggested that more attention should be paid to ensure sustainable shrimp culture facing such a risk of the OCPs and PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuning Vita Hidayati
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty - Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto, 53123, Indonesia; Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Franck Torre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IMBE, IRD, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ita Widowati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | - Agus Sabdono
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | | | - Agung Dhamar Syakti
- Environmental Science Department, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands Province, 29100, Indonesia; Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Institute for Sciences and Community Service, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto, 53123, Indonesia.
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16
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Wang G, Liu Y, Jiang N, Liu Y, Zhao X, Tao W, Lou Y, Li N, Wang H. Field study on bioaccumulation and translocation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the sediment-plant system of a national nature reserve, North China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127740. [PMID: 32731024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are the ubiquitous contaminants in the coastal wetlands, with high persistence and toxicity. Environmental behaviors of PBDEs in sediment-plant system is a hot research area, where much uncertainties still occurred in field environment. In this study, the sediments and Suaeda heteroptera were synchronously collected to investigate the bioaccumulation and translocation of PBDEs in Liaohe coastal wetland. Mean concentrations of PBDEs in sediments, roots, stems and leaves were 8.37, 6.64, 2.42 and 1.40 ng/g d.w., respectively. Tissue-specific accumulation of PBDEs were detected in Suaeda heteroptera, with predominant accumulation in roots. Congener patterns of PBDEs were similar between sediments and roots, demonstrating root uptake as the key pathway of PBDE bioaccumulation. The proportions of lower brominated congeners increased from roots to leaves, implying the congener-specific translocation. Meanwhile, the lower brominated congeners exhibited higher sediment-tissue bioaccumulation (AFs) and translocation factors (TFs) compared to higher brominated congeners in Suaeda heteroptera, further verifying their preferential translocation. AFs and TFs of PBDEs were both not correlated with their log Kow, which was inconsistent with those of laboratory studies, reflecting the complicated behaviors of PBDEs in field environment. This is the first comprehensive report on bioaccumulation and translocation of PBDEs within Suaeda heteroptera in Liaohe coastal wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Na Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Xinda Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yadi Lou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
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Fraser MA, Chen L, Ashar M, Huang W, Zeng J, Zhang C, Zhang D. Occurrence and distribution of microplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments from the Qiantang River and Hangzhou Bay, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110536. [PMID: 32234585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are important routes for sea-bound microplastics. Thus, this study investigated the occurrences and distributions of microplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment samples from the Qiantang River (QR) and Hangzhou Bay (HZ) and analyzed the correlation between microplastics and PCBs. A total of 15 sampling sites were selected, including eight from the QR (i.e., four in the Tonglu area and four in the Fuyang area), two from the Andong salt marsh (ASM; located in a hydrodynamic turning point of the HZ), and five from HZ. The mean microplastic abundance was highest in the QR, followed by HZ and ASM, with 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.05, and 0.15 ± 0.03 particles/g sediment, respectively. Cluster analysis demonstrated that fragments and fibers may have originated from domestic sewage inputs to the QR. Spatially, mean PCB concentrations from Tonglu, Fuyang, and HZ were 1.47 ± 0.10, 1.65 ± 0.10, and 1.65 ± 0.09 ng/g sediment, respectively, which were higher than that from the ASM (1.13 ± 0.09 ng/g sediment). The vertical distributions (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm) of microplastics in the sediments at Tonglu and Fuyang decreased with increasing depth, which was opposite to the depth trend of PCB concentrations. Micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis suggested that polyethylene was typically the dominant polymer, accounting for 60 ± 0.08% of the total suspected plastic particles. Microbeads and films showed considerable correlations with both highly and lesser chlorinated PCBs. Overall, our findings highlight the need for routine monitoring of microplastics in China in addition to measures for controlling plastic pollution on a national scale. Further study should ascertain specific sources of microplastics and analyze their adsorption capacity to organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Fraser
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muhammad Ashar
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangning Zeng
- Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China; The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Benlaribi R, Schramm S, Vincent B, Djebbar S, Aubriet F. Concentrations, Sources and Human Health Risk Assessment of 12 Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in the Urban Soils of Baraki, Algiers (Algeria) with Determination by Gas Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1743997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Benlaribi
- Laboratoire d’Hydrométallurgie et Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire, USTHB, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
- Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie de la Gendarmerie Nationale (INCC/GN), Algeria
| | - Sébastien Schramm
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- FR 3624 Réseau National de Spectrométrie de Masse FT-ICR à très haut champ, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Bryan Vincent
- ELIM, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Safia Djebbar
- Laboratoire d’Hydrométallurgie et Chimie Inorganique Moléculaire, USTHB, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
| | - Frédéric Aubriet
- LCP-A2MC, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
- FR 3624 Réseau National de Spectrométrie de Masse FT-ICR à très haut champ, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
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19
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Ranjbar Jafarabadi A, Riyahi Bakhtiari A, Mitra S, Maisano M, Cappello T, Jadot C. First polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) monitoring in seawater, surface sediments and marine fish communities of the Persian Gulf: Distribution, levels, congener profile and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:78-88. [PMID: 31302405 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that, due to their high toxicity, lipophilic property and widespread dispersal in the global environment, present a danger for human health and ecological systems. Although the inventory and use of PCBs are extensively reported worldwide, the status of PCBs in Iran is still unknown. In this study, the concentrations of PCBs were determined in the environmental matrices and in five commercially important fish species from Larak coral Island, Persian Gulf, Iran, in winter and summer 2015. A positive correlation was found among PCBs levels and congeners profiles in seawater (0.97-3.10 ng L-1), surface sediments (2.95-7.95 ng g-1dw) and fish samples (7.20-90.19 ng g-1dw), indicating fish as suitable bioindicator of environmental PCBs contamination. In all matrices, a high contribution of light and medium chlorinated congeners was detected in both seasons. In fish, the higher PCBs levels were found for both sexes in both seasons in liver and kidney than other tissues (skin, gonad, muscle) due to their high lipid content and PCBs lipophilicity. More importantly, the risks for human health associated with fish consumption were also evaluated, and it was found that all the toxicity indices measured for PCBs were within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit of food consumption. However, it is highly recommended to inform the local population about potential risks attributable to dietary incorporation of locally caught fish, and establish a surveillance monitoring programme on PCBs in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ranjbar Jafarabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Soumita Mitra
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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20
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Xu G, Lu Q, Yu L, Wang S. Tetrachloroethene primes reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in a river sediment microcosm. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 152:87-95. [PMID: 30665163 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Halo-priming is an effective approach to initiate microbial reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at contaminated sites, of which the application has been restricted by introducing extra pollutants generated from priming organohalides. In this study, tetrachloroethene (PCE) was demonstrated to be an effective priming compound to enhance PCB dechlorination both in a PCB-dechlorinating pure culture and a river sediment microcosm. In the isolated PCB-dechlorinating Dehalococcoides mccartyi CG1, PCB dechlorination activities were stimulated by adding 0.05-0.2 mM PCE, and were inhibited when further increasing PCE concentrations. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that PCBs and PCE were synchronously dechlorinated in D. mccartyi CG1. In a river sediment microcosm, which was established to mimic in situ biostimulation of PCB dechlorination, 0.2 mM PCE could significantly improve para-chlorine removal from both PCB180 (2345-245-CB) and Aroclor 1260, and increase the relative abundance of indigenous dechlorinating Dehalococcoides for more than 20 times (from <0.1% to 2.3-5.0%). At the same time, PCE as a priming compound was completely dechlorinated to non-toxic ethene. Overall, this study provided an efficient strategy to stimulate in situ bioremediation of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qihong Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Environmental Microbiome Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Environmental Microbiome Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Environmental Microbiome Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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21
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Wang W, Bai J, Zhang G, Jia J, Wang X, Liu X, Cui B. Occurrence, sources and ecotoxicological risks of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment cores from urban, rural and reclamation-affected rivers of the Pearl River Delta, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:359-367. [PMID: 30476767 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sediment cores were collected to a depth of 40 cm (50 cm for urban river sediments) in the Pearl River Delta of China from rural river sediments and river sediments undergoing the process of urbanization and reclamation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment cores were determined to evaluate their levels, distribution, possible sources and potential risks aimed at providing effective information of management practices for local governments. Our results showed that the total concentrations of PCBs (∑16PCBs) in urban, rural and reclamation-affected river sediments ranged from 16.15 to 477.85 μg kg-1 (dry weight), with mean values of 121.94, 150.49 and 124.20 μg kg-1 (dry weight), respectively. The most abundant PCB congeners among the study area were light PCBs. Generally, PCBs showed a decreasing trend with depth along sediment cores at most sampling sites. Source analysis indicated that PCBs in the three types of river sediments mainly originated from Aroclor 1242, 1248, 1254 and 1016. Risks evaluation based on sediment quality guideline quotient (SQGQ) showed PCBs at most sampling sites would cause no or moderate adverse biological effects on benthic organisms except surface sediments of U4 and R5 (high adverse biological effects). However, threshold effects level (TEL) is ignored when calculating SQGQ, which might underestimate the risks of PCBs. Thus, a new SQGQ (NSQGQ) taken TEL into consideration was established. Results showed that NSQGQ could evaluate ecotoxicological risks of PCBs better. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that PCBs in sediments were positively correlated with sand content and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Junhong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Xinhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Baoshan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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Lo HS, Wong CY, Tam NFY, Cheung SG. Spatial distribution and source identification of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) on sedimentary microplastic in Hong Kong. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 219:418-426. [PMID: 30551108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution, composition and source of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) of the sedimentary microplastics (0.25-5 mm) in Hong Kong were investigated. The concentration of ΣPAHs ranged between 70.8 and 1509 ng g-1 with inter-site differences although the regional difference was insignificant, indicating localised pyrolytic and petrogenic input of PAHs. The concentration of ΣPCBs (13-1083 ng g-1) varied with both study sites and regions with higher concentrations obtained in the western waters, possibly due to the input from Pearl River. Significantly higher concentrations of OCPs on eastern shores highlighted fishing and aquaculture activities in South China Sea a potential major source of OCPs. DDT and its metabolites (DDX, ranged from 1.96 to 626 ng g-1) were the dominant forms of OCPs (45%-80%). Since most of the DDX existed as DDT, this suggested that there was a fresh input of DDT into the microplastics. As microplastics and HOCs cannot be removed effectively from the environment, reduction of potential ecotoxicological risks should rely on minimizing the use of plastics and HOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Shing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Nora Fung-Yee Tam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Siu-Gin Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Li J, Yuan GL, Li P, Duan XC, Yu HH, Qiu JL, Wang GH. Insight into the local source of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the developing Tibetan Plateau: The composition and transport around the Lhasa landfill. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:1-9. [PMID: 29466769 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the background region of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the rapid urbanization probably results in the massive generation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which lacks monitoring and evaluation. Since landfill could serve as an important sink of the locally used POPs, the analysis of POPs in the Tibetan landfill area might help us to understand the source composition and their transport in the TP. In this study, the concentration variations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in five soil profiles and seven surficial sediments around the largest Tibetan landfill were investigated. The total concentrations of PBDEs ranged from 128 to 1219 ng/kg in soils, and from 447 to 7295 ng/kg in sediments. The dominance of nona- and deca-BDEs possibly indicated the wide usage of deca-BDE as flame retardant in the TP. The vertical and spatial distribution patterns of PBDEs within soils plausibly revealed their main transport pathways by atmospheric dispersion and leachate seepage from landfill. Based on principal components analysis and multiple linear regression, these two pathways were estimated to account for 61% and 39% of the total concentrations, respectively. Additionally, the spatial and vertical distributions of octa-to deca-BDEs within soils were significantly influenced by soil particle size. Although the PBDEs inventory in the study area was comparatively low, the rapid urbanization in the TP might dramatically accelerate the PBDE emissions in the future. This study firstly introduced the presence of local PBDEs in the TP, and the inventory already influenced the surrounding environment. Once involved in the regional cycle of the TP, the local source of PBDEs from waste might significantly serve to raise background level resulting otherwise primarily from long-range atmospheric transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guo-Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Ping Li
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu-Chuan Duan
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Hui Yu
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun-Lang Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gen-Hou Wang
- School of the Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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24
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Han Y, Liu W, Zhu W, Rao K, Xiao K, Gao L, Su G, Liu G. Sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in Chinese mitten crabs. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 196:522-530. [PMID: 29329084 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Chinese mitten crabs from several areas were determined. The toxic equivalents (TEQs) for the mean PCDD/F and total PCDD/F and dioxin-like PCBs were 2.9 ± 2.7 and 5.7 ± 4.0 pg TEQ g-1, respectively. The mean concentrations of PCBs and dl-PCBs were 282 and 59 times the concentrations of PCDD/Fs, respectively. PCDD/F and PCB sources in the crab food web were assessed. The total TEQ of PCDD/F and PCB supplied by crab compound feed was 2.1 times the TEQ in crab meat. Broken corn, aquatic biota, and water contributed around 12% of the total TEQ inputs for crab meat. The contribution from sediment was around 164 times that from crab meat, and sediment may be the most important source of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in cultured crabs. Principal component analysis (PCA) and stable isotope ratios for nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) supported the TEQ results. The mean total PCDD/F and dl-PCB TEQ exposure for humans consuming crabs was 3.4 pg TEQ per kilogram of body weight per day. The PCDD/Fs and PCBs in >80% of the crab samples would not cause the tolerable daily intake to be exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Kaifeng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Guijin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
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25
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Wang Q, Kelly BC. Occurrence and distribution of halogenated flame retardants in an urban watershed: Comparison to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:252-261. [PMID: 28806690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to restrictions on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), market demand for alternative flame retardants is projected to increase, worldwide. Information regarding the environmental behavior of these compounds is limited. The present study involved field measurements of several alternative halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), along with PBDEs and legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in surface water, bottom sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM) within a highly urbanized watershed in Singapore. Several alternative HFRs were detected in water and sediments. Dechlornane Plus stereoisomers (syn- and anti-DP) were detected in all samples, exhibiting relatively high concentrations in water, sediments and SPM. The maximum syn-DP concentrations in water, sediments and SPM were 24.30 ng/L, 2.48 ng/g dry wt. and 7774 ng/g dry wt., respectively. 1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), pentabromotoluene (PBT), hexabromobenzene (HxBBz) and tetrabromoethylcyclohexane (TBECH) were routinely detected. PBDE concentrations were relatively low and often non-detectable. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations ranged from 0.017 to 8.37 ng/L in water, 9.86-27.92 ng/g dry wt. in SPM, and 6.48-212.3 ng/g dry wt. in sediments. Congener and isomer patterns suggested no recent inputs of PBDEs or dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Rainfall was found to be an important factor influencing temporal and spatial patterns of DPs, BTBPE, PBDEs and some organochlorines in surface water. Land use index was found to be important for several organochlorines, but not HFRs. The observed sediment-water partitioning behavior of the studied HFRs and legacy POPs was highly dependent on chemical hydrophobicity. The data demonstrate that the studied HFRs have a relatively high affinity for SPM and bottom sediments. For example, the log KOC,OBS for TBECH, syn-DP and anti-DP and BTBPE in bottom sediments ranged between 8.1 and 9.6. The findings will aid future studies regarding fate, transport and bioaccumulation of these current-use contaminants of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barry C Kelly
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Huang X, Chen S, Zhong X, Ni Z, Cai X, Liu X, Simonnot MO, Qiu R. Zerovalent iron in conjunction with surfactants to remediate sediments contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls and nickel. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 189:479-488. [PMID: 28957765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dredging and disposal is commonly used for cleanup of contaminated sediments, leaving the relocated sediments still in need of remediation. In this study, the feasibility of two approaches to using zerovalent iron (ZVI) in conjunction with surfactants to remediate sediments contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and Ni was investigated. Approach A is surfactant desorption followed by ZVI treatment and approach B is a simple mixture of ZVI and sediment in surfactant solution. Results of approach A show that 65.24% of PCBs and 2.12% of Ni were desorbed by 1% Envirosurf; however, the sequential ZVI-mediated reductive dechlorination (ZVI-RD) was ineffective due to micelle sequestration by high contents of surfactants while Ni could be almost completely removed. For approach B, less than 1% of coexisting Ni was released to aqueous solution, and 47.18%-76.31% PCBs could be dechlorinated by ZVI with the addition of 0.04% surfactants (Tween-80 and Envirosurf). Results of dechlorination kinetics and ZVI morphologies reveal that surfactants at the concentrations as low as 0.04% were able to enhance the contact of sediment-bound PCBs with ZVI, and also to alleviate ZVI passivation. The PCB mixtures in sediment were continuously desorbed and dechlorinated, yielding lower substituted homologues that are less toxic and less hydrophobic. Thus, a simple mixture of ZVI and contaminated sediments without dewatering appears to be a promising alternative to the remediation of PCBs-contaminated sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP20451, 54001, Nancy Cedex, France; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xiongfei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xi Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zhuobiao Ni
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xinde Cai
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Marie-Odile Simonnot
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP20451, 54001, Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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27
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Hong H, Dai M, Lu H, Liu J, Zhang J, Chen C, Xia K, Yan C. Artificial topography changes the growth strategy of Spartina alterniflora, case study with wave exposure as a comparison. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15768. [PMID: 29150628 PMCID: PMC5693939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports findings about the growth of Spartina alterniflora (Loisel.) near an engineered coastal protection defences to discover the potential influences on vegetation growth from the artificial topography. Impacts of the artificial topography on the sediment element composition were detected by comparing the fixed effects caused by artificial topography and wave exposure using linear mixed models. Surficial sediments under the impacts of artificial topography contain elevated levels of biogenic elements and heavy metals, including C (and organic carbon), N, S, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb. The results showed that element enrichment caused by artificial topography reduced the vegetation sexual reproduction. Contrary to the potential inhibition caused by direct wave exposure, which was due to the biomass accumulation limit, the inhibition caused by artificial topography was related to the transition of growth strategy. The contents of Cu, Mn, N, Ni, S and As in the sediments were critical in considering the relationship between the change in the sediment element composition and the alteration in the plant growth. Our study emphasizes the importance of rethinking the impacts of coastal development projects, especially regarding the heterogeneity of sediment element composition and its ecological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China
| | - Minyue Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqi Chen
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Kang Xia
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P.R. China.
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28
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Wang W, Bai J, Zhang G, Wang X, Jia J, Cui B, Liu X. Depth-distribution, possible sources, and toxic risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in different river sediment cores affected by urbanization and reclamation in a Chinese delta. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:1062-1072. [PMID: 28764122 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sediment cores were collected in urban (0-50 cm), rural (0-40 cm) and reclamation-affected river (0-40 cm) environments in the Pearl River Delta. Concentrations of 16 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined in all collected samples to identify the depth-distribution, possible sources and ecotoxicological risks of OCPs in river sediments affected by urbanization and reclamation in a Chinese delta. The results showed that the top 10 cm of rural river sediments had slightly lower concentrations of the 16 OCPs compared to urban and reclamation-affected rivers, whereas the 30-40 cm sediment layers in the rural river showed higher levels of the 16 OCPs. However, higher OCPs levels were observed in the 20-30 cm sediment layers in the urban river than in the rural and reclamation-affected rivers. The principal OCPs in most deeper sediment layers were hexachlorobezene (HCB), the combination of aldrin, endrin and dieldrin (ΣDRINs) and the combination of α-HCH, β-HCH and γ-HCH (ΣHCHs). The predominant OCPs in surface sediments were HCB, ΣDRINs and the combination of p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE (ΣDDTs). Generally, OCP concentrations decreased with depth along sediment profiles at most sampling sites in the three types of rivers. The source analyses indicated that some sampling sites were still suffering from the recent use of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and aldrin. According to the soil quality thresholds of China, the levels of HCHs and DDTs at most sampling sites were below class Ⅰ criteria. Based on the sediment quality guideline quotient (SQGQ), the combined ecotoxicological risk of OCPs (γ-HCH, dieldrin, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT) in surface sediments (0-10 cm) was higher than deeper sediments, and the rural river sediments exhibited a higher combined ecotoxicological risk than the sediments in urban and reclamation-affected rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Junhong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Baoshan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
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Na G, Yao Y, Gao H, Li R, Ge L, Titaley IA, Santiago-Delgado L, Massey Simonich SL. Trophic magnification of Dechlorane Plus in the marine food webs of Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:456-461. [PMID: 28214009 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The food web composition, assimilation efficiency of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in food web components, and even extrinsic conditions can affect the trophic biomagnification potentials of DP isomers in food webs. Antarctica ecological system is characterized by the presence of few consumers and simple trophic levels (TLs), which are crucial in discussing the behavior of contaminants. To assess the biomagnification potential of DP in the Antarctic food web, nine representative species were sampled and analyzed from the Fildes Peninsula. Results showed the DP concentrations ranged from 0.25ngg-1 to 6.81ngg-1 lipid weight in Antarctic biota and the concentrations of anti-DP and syn-DP showed significantly positive correlations with TLs (p<0.05, ra=0.85; rs=0.81, respectively), suggesting that syn-DP and anti-DP underwent biomagnification and the biomagnification ability of anti-DP was higher than that of syn-DP. The anti-DP fraction (anti-DP/∑DP) (ƒanti=0.23-0.53) of the organisms was lower than that of commercial products (ƒanti=0.68), demonstrating ƒanti was changed during long-range atmospheric transport or stereoselection enrichment through the food web. Furthermore, based on food web magnification factors (FWMF) comparison between DP and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the biomagnification potential of DP was found to be similar to that of highly chlorinated PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshui Na
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
| | - Yao Yao
- Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Gao
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Linke Ge
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ivan A Titaley
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | | | - Staci L Massey Simonich
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA; Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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Kim L, Jeon JW, Son JY, Park MK, Kim CS, Jeon HJ, Nam TH, Kim K, Park BJ, Choi SD, Lee SE. Monitoring and risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soil from two industrialized areas. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:279-291. [PMID: 28197871 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-9920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For monitoring and risk assessment, levels and distributions of Σ29 PCBs in paddy soil samples collected from Gwangyang (10 sites) and Ulsan (20 sites), heavily industrialized cities in Korea, were investigated using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Overall, total concentrations of Σ29 PCBs in Gwangyang (216.4-978.6 pg g-1 dw) and Ulsan (273.8-1824.1 pg g-1 dw) were higher than those (106.6-222.6 pg g-1 dw) in agricultural soil from Anseong in Korea. The TEQ (toxic equivalency) values from Gwangyang (0.06-0.40 ng TEQ kg-1 dw) and Ulsan (0.06-0.22 ng TEQ kg-1 dw) were higher than those (0.04-0.11 ng TEQ kg-1 dw) in Anseong but lower than the WHO threshold level (20 ng TEQ kg-1). However, one of the most toxic congeners, PCB 126, gave the highest concentration, possibly posing a risk to the biota. Seven indicator PCB congeners contributed to 50-80% of the total concentration of Σ29 PCBs, indicating the 7 PCBs can be used as valuable indicators for monitoring. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis for the homologue profiles of PCBs indicated that all the samples from both cities had the similar PCB contamination patterns, and the major sources of the PCB contamination were most likely from the usage of Aroclor 1254 than those of Aroclors 1242 and 1260. These PCB technical mixtures were possibly significantly used by various industries including iron and steel industries in Gwangyang and petrochemical and shipbuilding industries in Ulsan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leesun Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeon
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Son
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Park
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Su Kim
- UNIST Environmental Analysis Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Nam
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jun Park
- Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- UNIST Environmental Analysis Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Wang W, Bai J, Xi M, Zhao Q, Zhang G, Wen X, Xiao R. Occurrence, sources, and risk assessment of OCPs in surface sediments from urban, rural, and reclamation-affected rivers of the Pearl River Delta, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2535-2548. [PMID: 27822694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sediments were collected to a depth of 20 cm from urban, rural, and reclamation-affected rivers in the Pearl River Delta of China. In total, 16 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed in all sediment samples, and the occurrence, possible sources, toxicity, and health risks of OCPs were evaluated to compare the contamination characteristics of OCPs in sediments among the three types of rivers. The results showed that concentrations of Σ16OCPs in sediments from the three rivers followed the order urban river > reclamation-affected river > rural river, with a mean value of 247.21, 232.91, and 114.92 μg/kg, respectively, and the predominant OCPs were hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). Source diagnostics illustrated that there might be recent input of HCHs, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), and endosulfan in some sampling sites. Based on the soil quality thresholds of China, both HCHs and DDTs fell within the range of class II criteria except for some sediment samples in urban rivers with lower levels (below class I criteria). According to sediment quality guidelines, 92.86 % of samples were predicted to be toxic. The health risk assessment showed that OCPs would not pose a threat to people via dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation, and the followed order of incremental lifetime cancer risks for OCPs in sediment samples was reclamation-affected river > urban river > rural river.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Bai
- State Key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- State Key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- State Key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Wen
- State Key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Wan H, Xue Y, Feng C, Wei C. Addition of iron oxides in sediments enhances 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 61) dechlorination by low-voltage electric fields. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02849k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of iron oxides in sediments significantly improves anaerobic dechlorination of PCB (i.e., PCB 61) in bioelectrochemical reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters
- Ministry of Education
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Hui Wan
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters
- Ministry of Education
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters
- Ministry of Education
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Chunhua Feng
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters
- Ministry of Education
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Chaohai Wei
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters
- Ministry of Education
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
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Shi J, Li P, Li Y, Liu W, Zheng GJS, Xiang L, Huang Z. Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in surface sediments from Shantou Bay, China: Sources, seasonal variations and inventories. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 113:585-591. [PMID: 27624761 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sediments from Shantou Bay, China, were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) for the first time. The concentrations of PCBs and OCPs were 0.54-55.5ngg-1 and 2.19-16.9ngg-1 (dry weight), respectively. Source identification showed that tri-CBs and penta-CBs were manufactured and used in the last century, while usage of antifouling paint might still serve as a significant source of sediment DDT. Concentrations of PCBs and HCHs significantly (p<0.05) increased after wet season, suggesting that atmospheric deposition and surface runoff played an important role in distribution of historical pollutants. Additionally, the adverse biological effects could occasionally occur for DDT in sediments. The mass inventories were preliminarily calculated for PCBs (90.1ngcm-2 and 0.09tons) and OCPs (61.8ngcm-2 and 0.062tons) in Shantou Bay, while as part of the "reservoir" of organochlorine compounds to the global ocean, its role cannot be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Shi
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yuelin Li
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
| | - Gene Jin-Shu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhongwen Huang
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
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