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Świsłowski P, Nowak A, Rajfur M. Comparison of Exposure Techniques and Vitality Assessment of Mosses in Active Biomonitoring for Their Suitability in Assessing Heavy Metal Pollution in Atmospheric Aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1429-1438. [PMID: 35213067 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The most widespread and used technique is the moss-bag method in active biomonitoring of air pollution using mosses. In the literature, we can find various studies on the standardization of this method, including attempts to standardize treatments and preparation procedures for their universal application. Few works comprehensively focus on other methods or compare other techniques used in active biomonitoring with mosses, especially including measurements of their vital parameters. Our experiment aimed to assess air pollution by selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Fe, and Hg) using three moss species (Pleurozium schreberi, Sphagnum fallax, and Dicranum polysetum) during a 12-week exposure in an urban area. Mosses were exposed simultaneously using four techniques: moss bag in three variants (exposed to air for total deposition of heavy metals, exposed to air for only dry deposition, and sheltered from the wind) and transplants in boxes. Increases in heavy metal concentrations in mosses were determined using the relative accumulation factor (RAF). The actual quantum yield of photosystem II photochemical was also analyzed as the main vitality parameter. The results indicate that all moss species during the changing environmental conditions survived and retained their vitality, although it decreased by >50% during the exposure. The best biomonitor was the moss P. schreberi, whose RAF increments were the highest throughout the study period for the majority of elements. The moss-bag technique had a statistically significant effect (almost 40%) on the concentration value of a given metal for a certain species, and thus it is the most recommended technique that can be applied in air quality monitoring in urban areas. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1429-1438. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arkadiusz Nowak
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
- Botanical Garden-Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
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2
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Selecting Biomonitors of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition: Guidelines for Practitioners and Decision Makers. NITROGEN 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen2030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major threat to public health and is the cause of important economic losses worldwide. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition is one of the most significant components of environmental pollution, which, in addition to being a health risk, is one of the leading drivers of global biodiversity loss. However, monitoring pollution is not possible in many regions of the world because the instrumentation, deployment, operation, and maintenance of automated systems is onerous. An affordable alternative is the use of biomonitors, naturally occurring or transplanted organisms that respond to environmental pollution with a consistent and measurable ecophysiological response. This policy brief advocates for the use of biomonitors of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Descriptions of the biological and monitoring particularities of commonly utilized biomonitor lichens, bryophytes, vascular epiphytes, herbs, and woody plants, are followed by a discussion of the principal ecophysiological parameters that have been shown to respond to the different nitrogen emissions and their rate of deposition.
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3
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Świsłowski P, Kosior G, Rajfur M. The influence of preparation methodology on the concentrations of heavy metals in Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10068-10076. [PMID: 33161519 PMCID: PMC7884374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Active biomonitoring is used to assess environmental pollution of elements such as heavy metals by indicator species such as mosses. They are used, among others, in urbanized areas where no indicator species are found. In such study areas, mosses collected from sites considered to be ecologically clean shall be exposed. In this context, it is very important to prepare the mosses properly before the exposure, so that the information received about the condition of the environment is reliable. In 2018, studies were conducted in the forested areas of southern Poland-in Opolskie Province. Pleurozium schreberi mosses were used in these studies. Atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomiser (F-AAS) was used to determine the concentrations of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb present. The aim was to study the influence of preparation methodology on Pleurozium schreberi moss samples prior to use in active biomonitoring studies. Four different methodologies were tested across four different sample locations (with varying levels of pollution). The results of the research were analysed and the coefficient of variation (CV) was determined. The value of the CV is influenced, among other things, by the location of the particular sample and the level of pollution by, for example heavy metals, in the moss. The research conducted proves that of the four methods used to prepare mosses for later exposure in active biomonitoring, the best method is averaging with simultaneous conditioning of mosses in demineralised water. This treatment causes the CV coefficient to fall below 10% for most of the metals determined in the moss samples. It has also been shown that maintaining moss collection methodology in accordance with ICP Vegetation standards (open/wooded area-tree canopy) also has a significant impact on the result obtained. Statistical analysis confirmed (Wilcoxon test) that the method of processing the mosses significantly influenced the results obtained. Thanks to the appropriate preparation of the mosses before exposition, they can be used in active biomonitoring of, for example, urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Świsłowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Kosior
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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Ștefănuț S, Öllerer K, Manole A, Ion MC, Constantin M, Banciu C, Maria GM, Florescu LI. National environmental quality assessment and monitoring of atmospheric heavy metal pollution - A moss bag approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109224. [PMID: 31310934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As airborne pollution is recognised as the single largest environmental health hazard in Europe, the necessity to develop effective systems for monitoring and reducing the level of air pollutants, becomes imperative. The paper describes a tested and implemented long-term biomonitoring system for airborne heavy metals at a national scale. Moss bags (Hylocomium splendens) were exposed in 142 monitoring stations designated in Romania, and the content of Pb, Cd, Ni and As was quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results revealed that the accumulation of heavy metals exceeded the established thresholds, marking high pollution levels in 8.8% of samples for As, in 5.63% samples for Cd, in 3.17% samples for Pb, and in 0.35% samples for Ni. The maximum heavy metal concentration was 113.77 mg kg-1 dry weight for Pb, 44.93 mg kg-1 dry weight for Ni, 14.68 mg kg-1 dry weight for As, and 3.88 mg kg-1 dry weight for Cd, with several overlaps for at least two metals, thus marking pollution hotspots. In order to process, summarise and communicate the obtained data, a software named BioMonRo has been developed as the core part of a complex monitoring and warning-informative system. The software is able to generate heavy metal pollution maps and specific reports, depicting the levels and patterns of distribution, which can be automatically sent to a number of interested recipients. The results show that the developed national system is functional, cost-effective, and could be successfully used for long-term monitoring of airborne heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Ștefănuț
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Kinga Öllerer
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Anca Manole
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Mihaela C Ion
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Marian Constantin
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Cristian Banciu
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Gabriel M Maria
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
| | - Larisa I Florescu
- Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independenței, 060031, Bucharest, P.O. Box 56-53, Romania.
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Mahapatra B, Dhal NK, Dash AK, Panda BP, Panigrahi KCS, Pradhan A. Perspective of mitigating atmospheric heavy metal pollution: using mosses as biomonitoring and indicator organism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:29620-29638. [PMID: 31463756 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06270-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mosses were proved as an ideal and reliable biomonitor as well as an indicator of atmospheric trace metal pollution. They are used as model indicator species of air pollution since long back due to their simple structure, genetic diversity, totipotency, rapid colony-forming ability, and high metal resistance behavior. Bryomonitoring technique is gradually being popularized as an economically viable procedure for estimating the degrees of environmental health and evaluating the toxic pollutants in biosphere. Thus, in the present scenario, many parts of the world use these organisms for monitoring the air pollution. This article describes an overview of the relationship of terrestrial mosses with trace metals with respect to their uptake, accumulation, and toxification as well as detoxification and tolerance mechanisms. The review article explicitly expresses the caliber of the cryptogamic mosses in establishing the pristine environment around the world. It also highlights the underpinning mechanisms and potential for future research directions. We have referred more than 250 articles, which deals with the assessment and impact of different heavy metals on 52 numbers of different moss species belongs to different climatic zones. The present review covers the research work in this area carried out worldwide since 1965.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Mahapatra
- Environmental Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Nabin Kumar Dhal
- Department of Environment and Sustainability, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India
| | - Aditya Kishore Dash
- Biofuel and Bioprocessing Research Centre, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Environmental Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | | | - Abanti Pradhan
- Biofuel and Bioprocessing Research Centre, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India.
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Xu Y, Xiao H, Wu D. Traffic-related dustfall and NO x, but not NH 3, seriously affect nitrogen isotopic compositions in soil and plant tissues near the roadside. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:655-665. [PMID: 30933763 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) emissions from traffic have received particular attention in recent years because of their important contributions to the growth of secondary aerosols and the negative effects on urban air quality. However, few studies have been performed on the impacts of traffic NH3 emissions on adjacent soil and plants. Moreover, doubt remains over whether dry nitrogen (N) deposition still contributes a minor proportion of plant N nutrition compared with wet N deposition in urban road environments. This study investigated the δ15N values of road dustfall, soil, moss, camphor leaf and camphor bark samples collected along a distance gradient from the road, suggesting that samples collected near the road have significantly more positive δ15N values than those of remote sites. According to the SIAR model (Stable Isotope Analysis in R) applied to dustfall and moss samples from the roadside, it was found that NH3 from traffic exhaust (8.8 ± 7.1%) contributed much less than traffic-derived NO2 (52.2 ± 10.0%) and soil N (39.0 ± 13.8%) to dustfall bulk N; additionally, 68.6% and 31.4% of N in mosses near the roadside could be explained by dry N deposition (only 20.4 ± 12.5% for traffic-derived NH3) and wet N deposition, respectively. A two-member mixing model was used to analyse the δ15N in continuously collected mature camphor leaf and camphor bark samples, which revealed a similarity of the δ15N values of plant-available deposited N to 15N-enriched traffic-derived NOx-N. We concluded that a relatively high proportion of N inputs in urban road environments was contributed by traffic-related dustfall and NOx rather than NH3. These information provide useful insights into reducing the impacts of traffic exhaust on adjacent ecosystems and can assist policy makers in determining the reconstruction of a monitoring network for N deposition that reaches the road level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Resource, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Huayun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 99, Linchengxi Road, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Daishe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Resource, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
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Capozzi F, Di Palma A, Adamo P, Sorrentino MC, Giordano S, Spagnuolo V. Indoor vs. outdoor airborne element array: A novel approach using moss bags to explore possible pollution sources. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:566-572. [PMID: 30933753 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated by the moss-bag approach the pattern of air dispersed elements in 12 coupled indoor/outdoor exposure sites, all located in urban and rural residential areas. The aims were to discriminate indoor vs. outdoor element composition in coupled exposure sites and find possible relation between moss elemental profile and specific characteristics of each exposure site. Elements were considered enriched when in 60% of the sites, post-exposure concentration exceeded pre-exposure concentration plus two folds the standard deviation. Of the 53 analyzed elements, 15 (As, B, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Zn) were enriched in moss exposed outdoor, whereas a subset of 7 elements (As, B, Cr, Mo, Ni, Se, V) were enriched also in indoor moss samples. The cluster analysis of the sites based on all elements, clearly separated samples in two groups corresponding to mosses exposed indoor and outdoor, with the latter generally exceeding the first. Among outdoor sites, urban were most impacted than rural; whereas other factors (e.g., heating and cooking systems, building material, residence time and family life style) could affect element profile of indoor environments. Based on the indoor/outdoor ratio, As derived from outdoor and indoor sources, B, Mo and Se were enriched mostly in outdoor sites; Ni, Cr and V were specifically enriched in most indoor samples, supporting the presence of indoor emitting sources for these elements. A PCA of all indoor sites based on enriched elements and site characteristics showed that traffic affected indoor pollution in urban areas. The moss bag approach provided useful information for a global assessment of human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Capozzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy; Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - A Di Palma
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici (NA), Italy; Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Fukushima Environmental Safety Center, 10-2, Fukasaku, Miharu-machi, Tamura-gun, Fukushima, 963-7700, Japan
| | - P Adamo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - M C Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Giordano
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
| | - V Spagnuolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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8
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Munzi S, Branquinho C, Cruz C, Máguas C, Leith ID, Sheppard LJ, Sutton MA. δ 15N of lichens reflects the isotopic signature of ammonia source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:698-704. [PMID: 30759595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although it is generally accepted that δ15N in lichen reflects predominating N isotope sources in the environment, confirmation of the direct correlation between lichen δ15N and atmospheric δ15N is still missing, especially under field conditions with most confounding factors controlled. To fill this gap and investigate the response of lichens with different tolerance to atmospheric N deposition, thalli of the sensitive Evernia prunastri and the tolerant Xanthoria parietina were exposed for ten weeks to different forms and doses of N in a field manipulation experiment where confounding factors were minimized. During this period, several parameters, namely total N, δ15N and chlorophyll a fluorescence, were measured. Under the experimental conditions, δ15N in lichens quantitatively responded to the δ15N of released gaseous ammonia (NH3). Although a high correlation between the isotopic signatures in lichen tissue and supplied N was found both in tolerant and sensitive species, chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated that the sensitive species very soon lost its photosynthetic functionality with increasing N availability. The most damaging response to the different N chemical forms was observed with dry deposition of NH3, although wet deposition of ammonium ions had a significant observable physiological impact. Conversely, there was no significant effect of nitrate ions on chlorophyll a fluorescence, implying differential sensitivity to dry deposition versus wet deposition and to ammonium versus nitrate in wet deposition. Evernia prunastri was most sensitive to NH3, then NH4+, with lowest sensitivity to NO3-. Moreover, these results confirm that lichen δ15N can be used to indicate the δ15N of atmospheric ammonia, providing a suitable tool for the interpretation of the spatial distribution of NH3 sources in relation to their δ15N signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Munzi
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - C Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Cruz
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Máguas
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I D Leith
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, UK
| | - L J Sheppard
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, UK
| | - M A Sutton
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, UK
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Carballeira C, Carballeira A, Aboal JR, Fernández JA. Biomonitoring freshwater FISH farms by measuring nitrogen concentrations and the δ 15N signal in living and devitalized moss transplants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:1014-1021. [PMID: 30682735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The trophic balance of freshwater aquaculture activities has traditionally been monitored by chemical analysis of water; however, the parameters measured are usually characterized by high temporal variability. Aquatic mosses can be used as biomonitors as they integrate both continuous and episodic contamination events. Here we report, for the first time, a method for monitoring N enrichment in the surroundings of fish farms by measuring the N content and isotopic signal (δ15N) of transplanted living and devitalized specimens of the aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica. For this purpose, moss samples ("moss bags") were exposed at increasing distances (10, 100, 300 and 1000 m) up- and downstream of the effluent discharge points of four trout farms, for 10 and 30 days. The low natural (background) variability in δ15N in upstream samples enabled detection of outlier values, caused by aquaculture discharges, at distances of 10 and 100 m downstream, especially in devitalized moss and after 10 days of exposure. However, the unexpectedly low N contents of moss samples exposed close to the discharge points complicates interpretation of the high levels of N forms detected by conventional physicochemical analysis of water. Although the mechanisms that modify N parameters in moss tissues were not clear, measurement of the isotopic signal δ15N in devitalized moss exposed for 10 days proved useful for monitoring the N pollution associated with intensive freshwater aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carballeira
- School of Marine Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Altamirano 1480, 2340000, Valparaíso, Chile; Ecology Unit, Dept. Functional Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Fac. Biología, Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Carballeira
- Ecology Unit, Dept. Functional Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Fac. Biología, Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J R Aboal
- Ecology Unit, Dept. Functional Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Fac. Biología, Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J A Fernández
- Ecology Unit, Dept. Functional Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Fac. Biología, Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Izquieta-Rojano S, López-Aizpún M, Irigoyen JJ, Santamaría JM, Santamaría C, Lasheras E, Ochoa-Hueso R, Elustondo D. Eco-physiological response of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. to increased atmospheric ammonia concentrations in a forest agrosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:883-895. [PMID: 29734634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) emissions are linked to eutrophication, plant toxicity and ecosystem shifts from N to P limitation. Bryophytes are key components of terrestrial ecosystems, yet highly sensitive to N deposition. Hence, physiological responses of mosses may be indicative of NH3-related impacts, and thus useful to foresee future ecosystem damages and establish atmospheric Critical Levels (CLEs). In this work, samples of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. were seasonally collected along a well-defined NH3 concentration gradient in an oak woodland during a one-year period. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of tissue chemistry, stoichiometry, metabolic enzymes, antioxidant response, membrane damages, photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein content and N and C isotopic fractionation. Our results showed that all the physiological parameters studied (except P, K, Ca and C) responded to the NH3 gradient in predictable ways, although the magnitude and significance of the response were dependent on the sampling season, especially for enzymatic activities and pigments content. Nutritional imbalances, membrane damages and disturbance of cellular C and N metabolism were found as a consequence to NH3 exposure, being more affected the mosses more exposed to the barn atmosphere. These findings suggested significant implications of intensive farming for the correct functioning of oak woodlands and highlighted the importance of seasonal dynamics in the study of key physiological processes related to photosynthesis, mosses nutrition and responses to oxidative stress. Finally, tissue N showed the greatest potential for the identification of NH3-related ecological end points (estimated CLE=3.5μgm-3), whereas highly scattered physiological responses, although highly sensitive, were not suitable to that end.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Izquieta-Rojano
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - M López-Aizpún
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - J J Irigoyen
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - J M Santamaría
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - C Santamaría
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - E Lasheras
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - R Ochoa-Hueso
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departmento de Ecología, Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Elustondo
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental (LICA), Campus Universitario, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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11
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Dong YP, Liu XY, Sun XC, Song W, Zheng XD, Li R, Liu CQ. Inter-species and intra-annual variations of moss nitrogen utilization: Implications for nitrogen deposition assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:506-515. [PMID: 28692942 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Moss nitrogen (N) concentrations and natural 15N abundance (δ15N values) have been widely employed to evaluate annual levels and major sources of atmospheric N deposition. However, different moss species and one-off sampling were often used among extant studies, it remains unclear whether moss N parameters differ with species and different samplings, which prevented more accurate assessment of N deposition via moss survey. Here concentrations, isotopic ratios of bulk carbon (C) and bulk N in natural epilithic mosses (Bryum argenteum, Eurohypnum leptothallum, Haplocladium microphyllum and Hypnum plumaeforme) were measured monthly from August 2006 to August 2007 at Guiyang, SW China. The H. plumaeforme had significantly (P < 0.05) lower bulk N concentrations and higher δ13C values than other species. Moss N concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in warmer months than in cooler months, while moss δ13C values exhibited an opposite pattern. The variance component analyses showed that different species contributed more variations of moss N concentrations and δ13C values than different samplings. Differently, δ15N values did not differ significantly between moss species, and its variance mainly reflected variations of assimilated N sources, with ammonium as the dominant contributor. These results unambiguously reveal the influence of inter-species and intra-annual variations of moss N utilization on N deposition assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Dong
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, China.
| | - Xin-Chao Sun
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zheng
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, China
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Shi XM, Song L, Liu WY, Lu HZ, Qi JH, Li S, Chen X, Wu JF, Liu S, Wu CS. Epiphytic bryophytes as bio-indicators of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in a subtropical montane cloud forest: Response patterns, mechanism, and critical load. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:932-941. [PMID: 28784334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing trends of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition due to pollution and land-use changes are dramatically altering global biogeochemical cycles. Bryophytes, which are extremely vulnerable to N deposition, often play essential roles in these cycles by contributing to large nutrient pools in boreal and montane forest ecosystems. To interpret the sensitivity of epiphytic bryophytes for N deposition and to determine their critical load (CL) in a subtropical montane cloud forest, community-level, physiological and chemical responses of epiphytic bryophytes were tested in a 2-year field experiment of N additions. The results showed a significant decrease in the cover of the bryophyte communities at an N addition level of 7.4 kg ha-1 yr-1, which is consistent with declines in the biomass production, vitality, and net photosynthetic rate responses of two dominant bryophyte species. Given the background N deposition rate of 10.5 kg ha-1yr-1 for the study site, a CL of N deposition is therefore estimated as ca. 18 kg N ha-1 yr-1. A disordered cellular carbon (C) metabolism, including photosynthesis inhibition and ensuing chlorophyll degradation, due to the leakage of magnesium and potassium and corresponding downstream effects, along with direct toxic effects of excessive N additions is suggested as the main mechanism driving the decline of epiphytic bryophytes. Our results confirmed the process of C metabolism and the chemical stability of epiphytic bryophytes are strongly influenced by N addition levels; when coupled to the strong correlations found with the loss of bryophytes, this study provides important and timely evidence on the response mechanisms of bryophytes in an increasingly N-polluted world. In addition, this study underlines a general decline in community heterogeneity and biomass production of epiphytic bryophytes induced by increasing N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Meng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Liang Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China.
| | - Wen-Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China
| | - Hua-Zheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jin-Hua Qi
- Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Jingdong 676209, PR China
| | - Su Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jia-Fu Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Appraisal Center for Environmental Engineering, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Jingdong 676209, PR China
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