1
|
Wang L, Tao X, Lin Z, Song N, Wu H, Mingrong Q. Enantioselective toxicity assessment of prothioconazole on earthworms (Eisenia foetida) in artificial soil environments. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 283:109941. [PMID: 38810898 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The chiral fungicide prothioconazole (PTZ) is extensively employed in agricultural practices, prompting serious concern due to its environmental impact. PTZ is prone to undergo metabolism, leading to the formation of chiral prothioconazole-desthio (dPTZ) in the environment. However, limited knowledge exists regarding its enantioselective behavior and toxicity towards invertebrate organisms in soil ecosystems. In this study, R-(-)- and S-(+)- PTZ enantiomers were individually synthesized, and their stereoselective toxicity effects on earthworms (E. foetida) were studied in artificial soil under environmentally relevant concentration exposures. The results showed a significant accumulation of dPTZ in earthworms, surpassing the levels of PTZ. Moreover, the concentration of S-(-)- dPTZ in earthworms was notably higher than that of R-(+)- dPTZ after exposure, reaching peak levels on day 14. Concurrently, oxidative stress induced by S-(+)- PTZ enantiomers in earthworms exhibited a substantial increase compared to R-(-)- enantiomers on day 14, indicating a higher ecological risk associated with the former in non-target organisms. Transcriptome analysis unveiled distinct impacts on earthworm physiology. S-(+)-PTZ exposure significantly affected energy metabolism, immune responses and digestive systems. In contrast, R-(-)-PTZ exposure influenced the synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. These insights contribute to understanding the complex interactions between PTZ enantiomers and soil-dwelling organisms, providing a scientific foundation for advancing the application of high efficiency, low toxicity PTZ monomer pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Likun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xuexin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Ziyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Ningying Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Huizhen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Qian Mingrong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li S, Sun J, Gao Y, Zou A, Cheng J. Enhanced fungicidal efficacy and improved interfacial properties with the co-delivery of prothioconazole and tebuconazole using polylactic acid microspheres. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1831-1838. [PMID: 38031966 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prothioconazole (PTC) is one of the leading fungicide products worldwide. However, excessive use of PTC facilitates the development of resistance. Pesticide compounding technology plays an important role in reducing pesticide resistance. Microspherization technology for the construction of pesticide dual-loaded systems has recently provided a new direction for researching novel and efficient pesticide formulations. In this study, prothioconazole-tebuconazole@polylactic acid microspheres (PTC-TBA@PLA MS) were constructed by combining these two technologies. RESULTS The final PTC-TBA@PLA MS were selected by an orthogonal method, which were uniformly spherical with smooth surface. The resultant drug loading (DL) and average particle size of PTC-TBA@PLA MS were 31.34% and 22.3 μm, respectively. A PTC-TBA@PLA MS suspending agent (SC) with a high suspension rate of 94.3% was prepared according to the suspension rate, dumping ability and stability. Compared with a commercial SC, the PTC-TBA@PLA MS SC had a larger cumulative release and better interfacial properties. Biological experiments showed that PTC-TBA@PLA MS SC had an obviously improved bactericidal effect than the commercial SC. CONCLUSION The constructed PTC-TBA@PLA MS system detailed here is expected to reduce the risk of resistance and the frequency of pesticide use while enhancing fungal control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guerrero-Limón G, Zappia J, Muller M. A realistic mixture of ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants affects bone and cartilage development in zebrafish by interaction with nuclear receptor signaling. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298956. [PMID: 38547142 PMCID: PMC10977810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
"Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)" have a plethora of deleterious effects on humans and the environment due to their bioaccumulative, persistent, and mimicking properties. Individually, each of these chemicals has been tested and its effects measured, however they are rather found as parts of complex mixtures of which we do not fully grasp the extent of their potential consequences. Here we studied the effects of realistic, environmentally relevant mixtures of 29 POPs on cartilage and bone development using zebrafish as a model species. We observed developmental issues in cartilage, in the form of diverse malformations such as micrognathia, reduced size of the Meckel's and other structures. Also, mineralized bone formation was disrupted, hence impacting the overall development of the larvae at later life stages. Assessment of the transcriptome revealed disruption of nuclear receptor pathways, such as androgen, vitamin D, and retinoic acid, that may explain the mechanisms of action of the compounds within the tested mixtures. In addition, clustering of the compounds using their chemical signatures revealed structural similarities with the model chemicals vitamin D and retinoic acid that can explain the effects and/or enhancing the phenotypes we witnessed. Further mechanistic studies will be required to fully understand this kind of molecular interactions and their repercussions in organisms. Our results contribute to the already existing catalogue of deleterious effects caused by exposure to POPs and help to understand the potential consequences in at risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Guerrero-Limón
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Zappia
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU-Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fang Q, Zheng K, Zeng R, Zhang Z, Shi Y, Gao Q, Xiao J, Liao M, Duan J, Cao H. Residue Behavior of Chiral Fungicide Prothioconazole and Its Major Chiral Metabolite in Flour Product Processing. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:679-689. [PMID: 38064576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study systematically investigates the stereoselective metabolism and residue behavior of chiral pesticide prothioconazole enantiomers during the steaming, baking, and frying of steamed buns, bread, and deep-fried dough sticks. The results show that steaming, baking, and frying can significantly promote the degradation of the prothioconazole enantiomers. In low- and high-concentration treatments, the degradation rates of prothioconazole enantiomers were over 96.0% and 45.4%, respectively, and the residual concentration of prothioconazole-desthio enantiomers was less than 32.7 μg/kg (excluding fried processing). During the processing of steamed buns, bread, and deep-fried dough sticks, the enantiomer fraction (EF) value of the prothioconazole enantiomer was close to 0.5, and the stereoselectivity was not significant. During the processing of steamed buns (low concentration), bread (low and high concentrations), and deep-fried dough sticks (low concentration), the stereoselectivity of prothioconazole-desthio was significant, and preferential enantiomer degradation occurred. Following the analysis of 120 flour product samples, the residual risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingkui Fang
- Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhaoxian Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Liao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinsheng Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bellot P, Bichet C, Brischoux F, Fritsch C, Hope SF, Quesnot A, Angelier F. Experimental investigation of the effect of tebuconazole on three biomarkers of innate immunity in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:119-129. [PMID: 38244180 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Triazoles are among the most widely used fungicides in the world due to their efficacy against fungal crop diseases and their broad spectrum of action. Intensive use of triazoles has resulted in residual contamination in different compartments of agroecosystems and exposes non-target species to potential sublethal effects. Triazoles are known to be immunomodulators in medicine and therapeutic treatments, but very little data is available on their potential effect on immune parameters of non-target vertebrate species living in agroecosystems. In this study, we experimentally examined the impact of tebuconazole on three immune biomarkers (haemagglutination titre (HA), haemolysis titre (HL), and haptoglobin concentration (Hp)), as well as on the body condition of house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Our results suggest that tebuconazole had very little, if any, effect on the studied immune parameters. However, further studies are needed to better assess the effect of tebuconazole on bird immunity because (1) experimental individuals were kept under optimal conditions and the impact of tebuconazole on immunity may occur under suboptimal conditions, (2) only one concentration of tebuconazole was tested and its effect could be dose-dependent and (3) other complementary immunological biomarkers should be studied, given the complexity of the vertebrate immune system. Current knowledge on the potential effects of triazoles on the immunity of wild farmland vertebrates is still largely insufficient. Further physiological and immune studies should be conducted to better understand the effect of triazole fungicides on farmland birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bellot
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France.
| | - Coraline Bichet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - François Brischoux
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Clémentine Fritsch
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - Sydney F Hope
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alice Quesnot
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Frédéric Angelier
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7372, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun L, Wang K, Li W, Pang X, Zhao P, Hua R, Yang X, Zhu M. Enantioselective effects of chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites: Oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and lysozyme activity. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105696. [PMID: 38072551 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Chiral pesticides may exhibit enantioselectivity in terms of bioconcentration, environmental fate, and reproductive toxicity. Here, chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites were selected to thoroughly investigate their enantioselective toxicity and mechanisms at the molecular and cellular levels. Multispectral techniques revealed that the interaction between chiral PTC/PTCD and lysozyme resulted in the formation of a complex, leading to a change in the conformation of lysozyme. Meanwhile, the effect of different conformations of PTC/PTCD on the conformation of lysozyme differed, and its metabolites were able to exert a greater effect on lysozyme compared to prothioconazole. Moreover, the S-configuration of PTCD interacted most strongly with lysozyme. This conclusion was further verified by DFT calculations and molecular docking as well. Furthermore, the oxidative stress indicators within HepG2 cells were also affected by chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites. Specifically, S-PTCD induced more substantial perturbation of the normal oxidative stress processes in HepG2 cells, and the magnitude of the perturbation varied significantly among different configurations (P > 0.05). Overall, chiral prothioconazole and its metabolites exhibit enantioselective effects on lysozyme conformation and oxidative stress processes in HepG2 cells. This work provides a scientific basis for a more comprehensive risk assessment of the environmental behaviors and effects caused by chiral pesticides, as well as for the screening of highly efficient and less biotoxic enantiomeric monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Kangquan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Wenze Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiaohui Pang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Anhui Environmental Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., No. 699 Dabieshan Road, High tech Zone, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Rimao Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| | - Meiqing Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Y, Yin Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Jiang S, Zhang M, Cai G, Gao Q. Effect of novel botanical synergist on the effectiveness and residue behavior of prothioconazole in wheat field. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20353. [PMID: 37990106 PMCID: PMC10663447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a critical fungal disease causes serious grain yield losses and mycotoxin contaminations. Currently, utilization of chemical fungicides is the main control method which has led to serious resistance. Development of novel synergist is an important strategy to reduce the usage of chemical fungicides and postpone the development of resistance, while natural components are interesting resources. In this study, the synergistic effect of Taxodium 'zhongshansha' essential oil (TZEO) was determined and the best synergistic ratio (SR) of 3.96 in laboratory which was observed when the weight ratio of TZEO and prothioconazole was 1 : 1 with the corresponding EC50 (half maximal effective concentration) value of Fusarium graminearum was 0.280 mg L-1. Subsequently, an increase of 6.31% on the control effect to FHB index in field test was observed when compared to the treatment with prothioconazole alone, though there was no significant difference between these treatments. Furthermore, we established an effective method to detect the mycotoxin contaminations in wheat grain with the limits of quantifications (LOQs) value of 5 µg kg-1 (DON, ZEN, 3-DON, and 15-DON) and 1 µg kg-1 (OTA) and the contents were less to the maximum residue limit (MRL) values. It was also shown that the application of 20% TZEO EW led to a 20% reduction in the use of prothioconazole, which was calculated based on the control effect values of 86.41% and 90.20% between the treatments of 30% prothioconazole OD (225 g a.i ha-1, recommend dosage) and 30% prothioconazole OD (180 g a.i ha-1) + 20% TZEO EW (225 mL ha-1), significantly. The initial residue of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio was increased in the treatment with TZEO, which may play an important role in the synergistic effect on FHB. Moreover, none of the treatments posed a prothioconazole residue risk in the wheat grain and the environment. In addition, the essential oil has no any negative influence on wheat growth, which was revealed by a study of the chlorophyll content. These results provide an important botanical synergist for use with prothioconazole to control Fusarium head blight, and in-depth study to the synergistic mechanism of this oil is necessary in our future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanjian Yin
- Comprehensive Agricultural Service Station of Huoqiu County, Luan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yeping Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China
| | - Guangcheng Cai
- Fengtai Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Huainan, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cui J, Tian S, Gu Y, Wu X, Wang L, Wang J, Chen X, Meng Z. Toxicity effects of pesticides based on zebrafish (Danio rerio) models: Advances and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139825. [PMID: 37586498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides inevitably enter aquatic environments, posing potential risks to organisms. The common aquatic model organism, zebrafish (Danio rerio), are widely used to evaluate the toxicity of pesticides. In this review, we searched the Web of Science database for articles published between 2012 and 2022, using the keywords "pesticide", "zebrafish", and "toxicity", retrieving 618 publications. Furthermore, we described the main pathways by which pesticides enter aquatic environments and the fate of their residues in these environments. We systematically reviewed the toxicity effects of pesticides on zebrafish, including developmental toxicity, endocrine-disrupting effects, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Importantly, we summarized the latest research progress on the toxicity mechanism of pesticides to zebrafish based on omics technologies, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics. Finally, we discussed future research prospects, focusing on the combined exposure of multiple pollutants including pesticides, the risk of multigenerational exposure to pesticides, and the chronic toxicity of aquatic nanopesticides. This review provides essential data support for ecological risk assessments of pesticides in aquatic environments, and has implications for water management in the context of pesticide pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Cui
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yuntong Gu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reis CG, Bastos LM, Chitolina R, Gallas-Lopes M, Zanona QK, Becker SZ, Herrmann AP, Piato A. Neurobehavioral effects of fungicides in zebrafish: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18142. [PMID: 37875532 PMCID: PMC10598008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in global agriculture to achieve high productivity levels. Among them, fungicides are specifically designed to inhibit fungal growth in crops and seeds. However, their application often results in environmental contamination, as these chemicals can persistently be detected in surface waters. This poses a potential threat to non-target organisms, including humans, that inhabit the affected ecosystems. In toxicologic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is the most commonly used fish species to assess the potential effects of fungicide exposure, and numerous and sometimes conflicting findings have been reported. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the neurobehavioral effects of fungicides in zebrafish. Our search encompassed three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), and the screening process followed predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. We extracted qualitative and quantitative data, as well as assessed reporting quality, from 60 included studies. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of distance traveled in larvae and adults and spontaneous movements in embryos. The results revealed a significant overall effect of fungicide exposure on distance, with a lower distance traveled in the exposed versus control group. No significant effect was observed for spontaneous movements. The overall heterogeneity was high for distance and moderate for spontaneous movements. The poor reporting practices in the field hindered a critical evaluation of the studies. Nevertheless, a sensitivity analysis did not identify any studies skewing the meta-analyses. This review underscores the necessity for better-designed and reported experiments in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Bastos
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Chitolina
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Psicofarmacologia Experimental (PsychoLab), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative in Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (BRISA) Collaboration, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Querusche K Zanona
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sofia Z Becker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Psicofarmacologia Experimental (PsychoLab), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Psicofarmacologia Experimental (PsychoLab), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative in Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (BRISA) Collaboration, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xian H, Li Z, Ye R, Dai M, Feng Y, Bai R, Guo J, Yan X, Yang X, Chen D, Huang Z. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor triggers estrogenic effects via the brain-liver-gonad axis in zebrafish larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122260. [PMID: 37506809 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), an emerging contaminant, is a widely-used ultraviolet (UV) filter incorporated into cosmetics because it protects the skin from UV rays and counters photo-oxidation. Despite the well-established estrogenic activity of 4-MBC, the link between this activity and its effects on neurobehavior and the liver remains unknown. Thus, we exposed zebrafish larvae to environmentally relevant concentrations of 4-MBC with 1.39, 4.17, 12.5 and 15.4 μg/mL from 3 to 5 days postfertilization. We found that 4-MBC produced an estrogenic effect by intensifying fluorescence in the transgenic zebrafish, which was counteracted by co-exposure with estrogen receptor antagonist. 4-MBC-upregulated estrogen receptor alpha (erα) mRNA, and an interaction between 4-MBC and ERα suggested ERα's involvement in the 4-MBC-induced estrogenic activity. RNA sequencing unearthed 4-MBC-triggered responses in estrogen stimulus and lipid metabolism. Additionally, 4-MBC-induced hypoactivity and behavioral phenotypes were dependent on the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway. This may have been associated with the disruption of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine activities. As a result, 4-MBC increased vitellogenin expression and caused lipid accumulation in the liver of zebrafish larvae. Collectively, this is the first study to report 4-MBC-caused estrogenic effects through the brain-liver-gonad axis. It provides novel insight into how 4-MBC perturbs the brain and liver development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Xian
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rongyi Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mingzhu Dai
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Yu Feng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruobing Bai
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiliang Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xiang Q, Zhou Y, Tan C. Enantioselective Toxic Effects of Prothioconazole toward Scenedesmus obliquus. Molecules 2023; 28:4774. [PMID: 37375329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide with one asymmetric center and consists of two enantiomers, R-(-)-PTC and S-(+)-PTC. To address the concern of its environmental safety, the enantioselective toxic effects of PTC on Scendesmus obliquus (S. obliquus) were investigated. PTC racemates (Rac-PTC) and enantiomers exhibited dose-dependent acute toxicity effects against S. obliquus at a concentration from 1 to 10 mg·L-1. The 72 h-EC50 value of Rac-, R-(-)-, and S-(+)-PTC is 8.15, 16.53, and 7.85 mg·L-1, respectively. The growth ratios and photosynthetic pigment contents of the R-(-)-PTC treatment groups were higher than the Rac- and S-(+)-PTC treatment groups. Both catalase (CAT) activities and esterase activities were inhibited in the Rac- and S-(+)-PTC treatment groups at high concentrations of 5 and 10 mg·L-1, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated, which exceeded the levels in algal cells for the R-(-)-PTC treatment groups. PTC could disrupt the cell morphology of S. obliquus and induce cell membrane damage, following the order of S-(+)-PTC ≈ Rac-PTC > R-(-)-PTC. The enantioselective toxic effects of PTC on S. obliquus provide essential information for its ecological risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Environmental Microplastic Pollution Research Center, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengxia Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu YS, Song JW, Zhong WX, Yuan MH, Guo YR, Peng C, Guo L, Guo YP. Dual Drug-Loaded Nanoliposomes Encapsulating Curcumin and 5-Fluorouracil with Advanced Medicinal Applications: Self-Monitoring and Antitumor Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114353. [PMID: 37298829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the presence of physiological barriers, it is difficult to achieve the desired therapeutic efficacy of drugs; thus, it is necessary to develop an efficient drug delivery system that enables advanced functions such as self-monitoring. Curcumin (CUR) is a naturally functional polyphenol whose effectiveness is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability, and its natural fluorescent properties are often overlooked. Therefore, we aimed to improve the antitumor activity and drug uptake monitoring by simultaneously delivering CUR and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in the form of liposomes. In this study, dual drug-loaded liposomes (FC-DP-Lip) encapsulating CUR and 5-FU were prepared by the thin-film hydration method; their physicochemical properties were characterized; and their biosafety, drug uptake distribution in vivo, and tumor cell toxicity were evaluated. The results showed that the nanoliposome FC-DP-Lip showed good morphology, stability, and drug encapsulation efficiency. It showed good biocompatibility, with no side effects on zebrafish embryonic development. In vivo uptake in zebrafish showed that FC-DP-Lip has a long circulation time and presents gastrointestinal accumulation. In addition, FC-DP-Lip was cytotoxic against a variety of cancer cells. This work showed that FC-DP-Lip nanoliposomes can enhance the toxicity of 5-FU to cancer cells, demonstrating safety and efficiency, and enabling real-time self-monitoring functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jia-Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ming-Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Rou Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wei Z, Wang W, Feng H, Xu W, Tao L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Shao X. Investigation on the immunotoxicity induced by Emamectin benzoate on THP-1 macrophages based on metabolomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1053-1062. [PMID: 36896474 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is an insecticide extensively used in agricultural area. Assessing the toxic effects of EMB in mammals or humans and its endogenous metabolites alteration are the appropriate means of evaluating its risks to human health. In the study, THP-1 macrophage, a human immune model, was applied to investigate the immunotoxicity of EMB. A global metabolomics approach was developed to analyze metabolic perturbation on macrophages and discover the potential biomarkers of EMB-induced immunotoxicity. The results indicated that EMB could inhibit immune functions of macrophages. Based on metabolomics analysis, our results illustrated that EMB caused significant alterations in metabolic profiles on macrophages. 22 biomarkers associated with immune response were screened by pattern recognition and multivariate statistical analysis. Furthermore, pathway analysis identified purine metabolism was the most relevant pathway in the metabolic process and the abnormal conversion of AMP to xanthosine regulated by NT5E might be a potential mechanism of immunotoxicity induced by EMB. Our study provides important insights for understanding and underlying mechanism of immunotoxicity exposed to EMB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Karaca M, Willenbockel CT, Tralau T, Bloch D, Marx-Stoelting P. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic mixture effects of plant protection products: A case study. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 141:105400. [PMID: 37116736 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Authorisation of ready to use plant protection products (PPPs) usually relies on the testing of acute and local toxicity only. This is in stark contrast to the situation for active substances where the mandatory data set comprises a most comprehensive set of studies. While the combination of certain active ingredients and co-formulants may nevertheless result in increased toxicity of the final product such combinations have never been evaluated systematically for complex and long-term toxicological endpoints. We therefore investigated the effect of three frequently used co-formulants on the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic of the representative active substance combination of tebuconazol (Teb) and prothioconazol (Pro) or of cypermethrin (Cpm) and piperonyl butoxide (Pip), respectively. With all four active substances being potential liver steatogens, cytotoxicity and triglyceride accumulation in HepaRG were used as primary endpoints. Concomitantly transcriptomics and biochemical studies were applied to interrogate for effects on gene expression or inhibition of CYP3A4 as key enzyme for functionalization. Some of the tested combinations clearly showed more than additive effects, partly due to CYP3A4 enzyme inhibition. Other effects comprised the modulation of the expression and activity of steatosis-related nuclear key receptors. Altogether, the findings highlight the need for a more systematic consideration of toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic mixture effects during assessment of PPPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mawien Karaca
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Pesticides Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany; Technical University of Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Tobias Willenbockel
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Pesticides Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tewes Tralau
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Pesticides Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Bloch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Pesticides Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Marx-Stoelting
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Pesticides Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany; Technical University of Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao Q, Wu H, Zhou Y, Xiao J, Shi Y, Cao H. Mechanism and Kinetics of Prothioconazole Photodegradation in Aqueous Solution. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6594-6602. [PMID: 37075317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of light source, pH value, and NO3- concentration on the photodegradation of prothioconazole in aqueous solution. The half-life (t1/2) of prothioconazole was 173.29, 21.66, and 11.18 min under xenon, ultraviolet, and high-pressure mercury lamps, respectively. At pH values of 4.0, 7.0, and 9.0 under a xenon lamp light source, the t1/2 values were 693.15, 231.05, and 99.02 min, respectively. Inorganic substance NO3- clearly promoted the photodegradation of prothioconazole, with t1/2 values of 115.53, 77.02, and 69.32 min at NO3- concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 mg L-1, respectively. The photodegradation products were identified as C14H15Cl2N3O, C14H16ClN3OS, C14H15Cl2N3O2S, and C14H13Cl2N3 based on calculations and the Waters compound library. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the C-S, C-Cl, C-N, and C-O bonds of prothioconazole were the reaction sites with high absolute charge values and greater bond lengths. Finally, the photodegradation pathway of prothioconazole was concluded, and the variation in energy of the photodegradation process was attributed to the decrease in activation energy caused by light excitation. This work provides new insight into the structural modification and photochemical stability improvement of prothioconazole, which plays an important role in decreasing safety risk during application that will reduce the exposure risk in field environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yeping Zhou
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Porto VA, da Rocha Júnior ER, Ursulino JS, Porto RS, da Silva M, de Jesus LWO, Oliveira JMD, Crispim AC, Santos JCC, Aquino TMD. NMR-based metabolomics applied to ecotoxicology with zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a prominent model for metabolic profiling and biomarker discovery: Overviewing the most recent approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161737. [PMID: 36693575 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an innovative approach used in the medical, toxicological, and biological sciences. As an interdisciplinary topic, metabolomics and its relation with the environment and toxicological research are extensive. The use of substances, such as drugs and pesticides, contributes to the continuous releasing of xenobiotics into the environment, harming organisms and their habitats. In this context, fish are important bioindicators of the environmental condition and have often been used as model species. Among them, zebrafish (Danio rerio) presents itself as a versatile and straightforward option due to its unique attributes for research. Zebrafish proves to be a valuable model for toxicity assays and also for metabolomics profiling by analytical tools. Thus, NMR-based metabolomics associated with statistical analysis can reasonably assist researchers in critical factors related to discovering and validating biomarkers through accurate diagnosis. Therefore, this review aimed to report the studies that applied zebrafish as a model for (eco)toxicological assays and essentially utilized NMR-based metabolomics analysis to assess the biochemical profile and thus suggest the potential biological marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Amaral Porto
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
| | | | - Jeferson Santana Ursulino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Silva Porto
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Marciliano da Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Wender Oliveira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandre Carmo Crispim
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
De Marco G, Billè B, Brandão F, Galati M, Pereira P, Cappello T, Pacheco M. Differential Cell Metabolic Pathways in Gills and Liver of Fish (White Seabream Diplodus sargus) Coping with Dietary Methylmercury Exposure. TOXICS 2023; 11:181. [PMID: 36851056 PMCID: PMC9961322 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a dangerous and persistent trace element. Its organic and highly toxic form, methylmercury (MeHg), easily crosses biological membranes and accumulates in biota. Nevertheless, understanding the mechanisms of dietary MeHg toxicity in fish remains a challenge. A time-course experiment was conducted with juvenile white seabreams, Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), exposed to realistic levels of MeHg in feed (8.7 μg g-1, dry weight), comprising exposure (E; 7 and 14 days) and post-exposure (PE; 28 days) periods. Total Hg levels increased with time in gills and liver during E and decreased significantly in PE (though levels of control fish were reached only for gills), with liver exhibiting higher levels (2.7 times) than gills. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics revealed multiple and often differential metabolic changes between fish organs. Gills exhibited protein catabolism, disturbances in cholinergic neurotransmission, and changes in osmoregulation and lipid and energy metabolism. However, dietary MeHg exposure provoked altered protein metabolism in the liver with decreased amino acids, likely for activation of defensive strategies. PE allowed for the partial recovery of both organs, even if with occurrence of oxidative stress and changes of energy metabolism. Overall, these findings support organ-specific responses according to their sensitivity to Hg exposure, pointing out that indications obtained in biomonitoring studies may depend also on the selected organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Billè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariachiara Galati
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bao X, Xu W, Cui J, Yan Z, Wang J, Chen X, Meng Z. NMR-based metabolomics approach to assess the ecotoxicity of prothioconazole on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in soil. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 190:105320. [PMID: 36740340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a widely used agricultural fungicide. In recent years, studies have confirmed that it exerts adverse effects on various species, including aquatic organisms, mammals, and reptiles. However, the toxicological effects of PTC on soil organisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the toxic effects, via oxidative stress and metabolic responses, of PTC on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). PTC exposure can induce significant changes in oxidative stress indicators, including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the content of glutathione (GSH), which in turn affect the oxidative defense system of earthworms. In addition, metabolomics revealed that PTC exposure caused significant changes in the metabolic profiles of earthworms. The relative abundances of 16 and 21 metabolites involved in amino acids, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and energy metabolism were significantly altered after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure, respectively. Particularly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple different metabolic pathways could be disturbed after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure. Importantly, these alterations in oxidative stress and metabolic responses in earthworms reveal that the effects of PTC on earthworms were time dependent, and vary with exposure time. In conclusion, this study highlights that the effects of PTC on soil organisms are of serious concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wangjin Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zixin Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tian S, Yan S, Meng Z, Sun W, Yan J, Huang S, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Diao J, Li L, Zhu W. Widening the Lens on Prothioconazole and Its Metabolite Prothioconazole-Desthio: Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Reproductive Disorders through in Vivo, in Vitro, and in Silico Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17890-17901. [PMID: 36332113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive disorders are a serious public health problem worldwide. Epidemiological data suggest that exposure to environmental pollutants is associated with the onset of reproductive disorders. However, the effects in reproductive health and exact mechanism of action of representative agricultural compounds prothioconazole (PTC) and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (dPTC) on mammals remain unclear. Here, we studied the physiological effects of the exposure to environmentally relevant doses of PTC and dPTC in mice reproductive systems. Combining in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies, we observed that PTC and dPTC disrupt reproductive health by inducing metabolic perturbation, induction of apoptosis, and inflammation in gonadal tissue, which are achieved via activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Convincingly, the addition of alternate-day injections of CH223191 (an AhR inhibitor) to the 30-day exposure regimen ameliorated ovarian tissue damage, as evidenced by decreased TUNEL-positive cells and partially restored the inflammation and apoptotic factor levels. This study comprehensively reports the toxic effects of low-dose PTC and dPTC in the reproductive system in vivo and identifies AhR as a potential therapeutic target for the amelioration of reproductive disorders caused by similar endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jin Yan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bai L, Shi P, Jia K, Yin H, Xu J, Yan X, Liao K. Triflumizole Induces Developmental Toxicity, Liver Damage, Oxidative Stress, Heat Shock Response, Inflammation, and Lipid Synthesis in Zebrafish. TOXICS 2022; 10:698. [PMID: 36422906 PMCID: PMC9699234 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triflumizole (TFZ) toxicity must be investigated in the aquatic environment to understand the potential risks to aquatic species. Accordingly, the adverse effects of TFZ exposure in zebrafish were investigated. Results demonstrate that, after TFZ exposure, the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) in 3 d post-fertilization (dpf) embryos and 6 dpf larvae were 4.872 and 2.580 mg/L, respectively. The development (including pericardium edema, yolk sac retention, and liver degeneration) was apparently affected in 3 dpf embryos. Furthermore, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in 6 dpf larvae were significantly increased. Additionally, the expression of heat shock response genes (including hsp70, grp78, hsp90, and grp94), inflammatory genes (including p65-nfκb, il-1β, and cox2a), and lipid synthetic genes (including srebp1, fas, acc, and ppar-γ) in 3 dpf embryos was significantly increased, which was also partially observed in the intestinal cell line form Pampus argenteus. Taken together, TFZ could affect the development of zebrafish, accompanied by disturbances of oxidative stress, heat shock response, inflammation, and lipid synthesis. Our findings provide an original insight into the potential risks of TFZ to the aquatic ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Bai
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peng Shi
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kun Jia
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meng Z, Cui J, Li R, Sun W, Bao X, Wang J, Zhou Z, Zhu W, Chen X. Systematic evaluation of chiral pesticides at the enantiomeric level: A new strategy for the development of highly effective and less harmful pesticides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157294. [PMID: 35839878 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, pesticides have been used in large quantities, and they pose potential risks to organisms across various environments. Reducing the use of pesticides and their environmental risks has been an active research focus and difficult issue worldwide. As a class of pesticides with special structures, chiral pesticides generally exhibit enantioselectivity differences in biological activity, ecotoxicity, and environmental behavior. At present, replacing the racemates of chiral pesticides by identifying and developing their individual enantiomers with high efficiency and environmentally friendly characteristics is an effective strategy to reduce the use of pesticides and their environmental risks. In this study, we review the stereoselective behaviors of chiral pesticide, including their environmental behavior, stereoselective biological activity, and ecotoxicity. In addition, we emphasize that the systematic evaluation of chiral pesticides at the enantiomeric level is a promising novel strategy for developing highly effective and less harmful pesticides, which will provide important data support and an empirical basis for reducing pesticide application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Landscape Research Institute of Zhumadian, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Bao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, College of Guangling, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Diflubenzuron Induces Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911932. [PMID: 36233243 PMCID: PMC9570284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diflubenzuron is an insecticide that serves as a chitin inhibitor to restrict the growth of many harmful larvae, including mosquito larvae, cotton bollworm and flies. The residue of diflubenzuron is often detected in aquaculture, but its potential toxicity to aquatic organisms is still obscure. In this study, zebrafish embryos (from 6 h to 96 h post-fertilization, hpf) were exposed to different concentrations of diflubenzuron (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 mg/L), and the morphologic changes, mortality rate, hatchability rate and average heart rate were calculated. Diflubenzuron exposure increased the distance between the venous sinus and bulbar artery (SV-BA), inhibited proliferation of myocardial cells and damaged vascular development. In addition, diflubenzuron exposure also induced contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and inhibited the activity of antioxidants, including SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase). Moreover, acridine orange (AO) staining showed that diflubenzuron exposure increased the apoptotic cells in the heart. Q-PCR also indicated that diflubenzuron exposure promoted the expression of apoptosis-related genes (bax, bcl2, p53, caspase3 and caspase9). However, the expression of some heart-related genes were inhibited. The oxidative stress-induced apoptosis damaged the cardiac development of zebrafish embryos. Therefore, diflubenzuron exposure induced severe cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos. The results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the safety use of diflubenzuron.
Collapse
|
23
|
Meng Z, Cui J, Liu L, Yang C, Bao X, Wang J, Chen X. Toxicity effects of chlorantraniliprole in zebrafish (Danio rerio) involving in liver function and metabolic phenotype. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105194. [PMID: 36127066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorantraniliprole (CAP), a representative bisamide insecticide, is widely used in rice fields around the world, posing potential toxicity risks to aquatic organisms. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to CAP on growth and metabolic phenotype of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio). First, we identified that CAP had a low bioaccumulation in zebrafish. Subsequently, growth phenotype analysis revealed that CAP could significantly increase liver weight and liver index in zebrafish. In addition, we found that CAP exposure could cause significant changes in indicators of oxidative stress, resulting in a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), causing oxidative stress in the liver of zebrafish. Meanwhile, the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were also significantly changed and apoptosis was promoted in the liver of zebrafish with CAP exposure. Importantly, the results of metabolomics analysis shown that CAP exposure could significantly disrupt the metabolic phenotype of zebrafish, interfering with multiple metabolic pathways, mainly including valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism and d-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. Last but not least, correlation analysis identified strong links between changes in liver function involving oxidative stress and apoptosis and changes in metabolic phenotype of zebrafish following CAP exposure. In brief, these results indicate that potential environmental risks of CAP to aquatic organisms should receive more attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xin Bao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li L, Liang H, Zhao T, Liu Y, Yan S, Zhu W. Differential effects of thiamethoxam and clothianidin exposure on their tissue distribution and chronic toxicity in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110149. [PMID: 36084723 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The frequent application of second-generation neonicotinoids thiamethoxam (TMX) and clothianidin (CLO) has led to a high detectable rate in environment samples and poses threats to nontarget organisms and human beings, however, the information on the influences of long-term exposure at low doses was limited. In this study, the tissue distribution of TMX and CLO in mice at acceptable daily intake (ADI) level and 5 × ADI was determined and the health effects were assessed. TMX and CLO were detected in the liver, serum, lung, heart and kidney in the TMX exposure groups, which indicated that TMX degraded to CLO in mice. Residue levels of TMX in tissues increased with the increasing of doses. The concentrations of CLO in different tissues in the CLO exposure groups were in the order Ckidney > Clung > Cheart > Cliver. Measurement of biochemical indicators, combined with metabolomic analysis of liver, kidney, and cecal contents, examination of changes in the gut microbiota, and histopathological assessment indicated that both TMX and CLO affected energy absorption and lipid metabolism in mice and destroyed tissue structures. Furthermore, we found that CLO had a stronger effect on metabolism in mice, despite its lower acute toxicity. These results have prompted us to consider the chronic toxicity and potential hazards of chemicals in future risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, PR China.
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu G, Wang H, Wan Y, Zhou L, Wang Q, Wang M. Combined toxicities of cadmium and five agrochemicals to the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci Rep 2022; 12:16045. [PMID: 36163367 PMCID: PMC9512934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Different pollutants usually co-exist in the natural environment, and the ecological and health risk assessment of agrochemicals needs to be carried out based on the combined toxicological effects of pollutants. To examine the combined toxicity to aquatic organisms, the effects of cadmium (Cd) and five pesticides (acetamiprid, carbendazim, azoxystrobin, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin) mixture on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were assessed. The data from the 96-h toxicity test indicated that bifenthrin possessed the highest toxicity to D. rerio with the LC50 value of 0.15 mg L-1, followed by chlorpyrifos (0.36 mg L-1) and azoxystrobin (0.63 mg L-1). Cd (6.84 mg L-1) and carbendazim (8.53 mg L-1) induced the intermediate toxic responses, while acetamiprid (58.39 mg L-1) presented the lowest toxicity to the organisms. Pesticide mixtures containing chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin or acetamiprid and carbendazim showed synergistic impacts on the zebrafish. Besides, two binary combinations of Cd-acetamiprid and Cd-chlorpyrifos also displayed a synergistic effect on D. rerio. Our results offered a better idea of the mixed ecological risk assessment of Cd and different agricultural chemicals to aquatic organisms. Our findings better interpreted how the interaction between Cd and various agrochemicals changed their toxicity to aquatic vertebrates and provided valuable insights into critical impacts on the ecological hazard of their combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Hu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yujie Wan
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Y, Ren B, Zhao T, Chen H, Zhao Y, Liang H, Liang H. Enantioselective toxic effects of mefentrifluconazole in the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1662-1674. [PMID: 35297557 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The research on the enantioselective toxic effects of chiral pesticides on non-target aquatic organisms has attracted more and more attention. This study investigated the enantioselective toxic effects of mefentrifluconazole (MFZ) on acute toxicity, developmental toxicity, locomotor behaviors, and the mRNA relative expression levels of genes related to neurodevelopment and cardiac development in zebrafish embryos or larvae. The 96-h lethal concentration 50 (LC50 ) values (exposed to racemate and enantiomers of MFZ, that is, rac-MFZ/(-)-MFZ/(+)-MFZ) were 1.010, 1.552, and 0.753 mg/L for embryo, and 0.753, 1.187, and 0.553 mg/L for larvae. The rac-MFZ/(-)-MFZ/(+)-MFZ can affect the heart development of zebrafish embryos, accompanied by heart rate inhibition, yolk sac deformities, pericardial deformities, and down-regulation of genes related to cardiotoxicity in larvae in an enantioselective manner. Moreover, the rac-MFZ/(-)-MFZ/(+)-MFZ also can affect the neural development of zebrafish embryos, accompanied by autonomic movement inhibition, swimming speed and swimming distance abnormalities, and down-regulation of genes related to neurotoxicity in larvae in an enantioselective manner. For all toxicity endpoints, the effect of the (+)-MFZ to early-staged zebrafish were significantly greater than that of (-)-MFZ. These results will help distinguishing the difference of MFZ enantiomers to zebrafish, and provide scientific reference for improving the risk assessment of chiral pesticides MFZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haiyue Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuexing Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang Z, Xie Y, Ye Y, Yang Y, Hua R, Wu X. Toxification metabolism and treatment strategy of the chiral triazole fungicide prothioconazole in water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128650. [PMID: 35290892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Toxification metabolism of the chiral triazole fungicide prothioconazole in the environment has attracted an increasing amount of attention. To better understand the fate of prothioconazole in aquatic ecosystems and develop a treatment strategy, the stereoselective toxicity, degradation and bioconcentration of prothioconazole were investigated in water with algae at the enantiomer level. There was remarkable enantioselectivity against Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and the highly toxic S-prothioconazole was preferentially degraded with enantiomer fraction values ranging from 0.5 to 0.74. Metabolism experiment results showed that the parent compound was quickly eliminated driven by biodegradation and abiotic degradation (hydrolysis, photolysis). Fourteen phase I and two phase II metabolites involved in the reactions of hydroxylation, methylation, dechlorinating, desulfuration, dehydration and conjugation were identified, where prothioconazole-desthio was the major metabolite. The highly toxic metabolite prothioconazole-desthio persisted in water and hardly degraded with or without C. pyrenoidosa. Furthermore, the reaction system including 1 mg of cobalt coated in nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes and 0.156 g of peroxymonosulfate was used to eliminate prothioconazole-desthio. Approximately 96% prothioconazole-desthio was eliminated and transformed to low toxicity metabolites. This work provides a strategy for the risk evaluation of prothioconazole in aquatic ecosystems and proposes a workable plan for the elimination of pesticide residues in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yiwen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yingzi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yaling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Rimao Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang S, Huang M, Tian S, Meng Z, Yan S, Teng M, Zhou Z, Diao J, Zhu W. Imazalil and its metabolite imazalil-M caused developmental toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos via cell apoptosis mediated by metabolic disorders. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105113. [PMID: 35715052 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Imazalil (IMZ) is a highly effective fungicide employed in crop production. It has been consistently detected in aquatic environments. The main environmental metabolite of IMZ is imazalil-M (IMZ-M). Limited studies have focused on the toxicity of IMZ and IMZ-M in aquatic organisms. This study systematically evaluated the developmental toxicity of IMZ and IMZ-M on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and explored the potential mechanisms involved. The results showed that IMZ and IMZ-M caused developmental toxicity, characterized by decreased heart rate, hatching inhibition, and pericardial cyst in zebrafish embryos. Subsequently, acridine orange (AO) staining revealed cell apoptosis in the area around the heart regions of zebrafish larvae. Besides, the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes also varied significantly. Furthermore, 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis showed that IMZ and IMZ-M exposure could induce metabolic profiles disorder in zebrafish larvae. Importantly, zebrafish exposure to IMZ and IMZ-M significantly affected the metabolism of branched - chain amino acids, energy, and ketone bodies, which are related to cell apoptosis. Overall, the toxicity of IMZ and IMZ-M in zebrafish embryos and larvae was characterized, suggesting a theoretical basis for the potential environmental risks of IMZ and its metabolite IMZ-M on non-target organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Huang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vremere A, Merola C, Fanti F, Sergi M, Perugini M, Compagnone D, Mikhail M, Lorenzetti S, Amorena M. Oxysterols profiles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos exposed to bisphenol A. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 165:113166. [PMID: 35609738 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxysterols are cholesterol oxidation products and bioactive lipids involved in developmental signaling pathways, embryonic and postembryonic tissue patterning and homeostasis. The embryonic period is a very sensitive window of exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), hence the role of BPA on the levels of oxysterols in the very early stages of zebrafish embryogenesis is a relevant novel field of investigation. OBJECTIVES To compare the role of BPA on oxysterols levels in zebrafish embryos at 8 and 24 hours post fertilization (hpf) with cytochromes P450 (CYPs)-modulating chemicals (carbamazepine, ketoconazole, and hydrogen peroxide). METHODS Upon a dose range finding, zebrafish embryos were exposed to environmentally relevant (0.04μM) and toxicological (17.5 μM) BPA concentrations. Seven oxysterols were profiled by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS Similarly to the CYPs-modulating chemicals, BPA caused: i) no significant changes at 8 hpf and ii) a dose-dependent increase of total oxysterols at 24 hpf, with 27-hydroxycholesterol as the most regulated oxysterol. DISCUSSION In the first day post-fertilization of the zebrafish embryos, the role of BPA alike a CYPs-modulating chemical was confirmed by the similar oxysterol changes observed with the already known CYPs-modulating chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Vremere
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy; Dpt. of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carmine Merola
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| | - Federico Fanti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| | - Monia Perugini
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| | - Milena Mikhail
- Dpt. of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Dpt. of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Michele Amorena
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xie Y, Chang J, Pan Y, Hao W, Li J. Toxicological effects of acute prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio administration on liver in male Chinese lizards (Eremias argus). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132825. [PMID: 34762875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a high effective systemic fungicide, and one of its major metabolites is prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d). Because of its wildly use in the farmland of China, the local eco-toxicological effects of PTC as well as PTC-d are needed to be concerned. This study investigated hepatoxicity of Chinese lizards (Eremias argus), a local non-target organism, after single dose oral treated (100 mg kg-1 BW) through pathological, enzyme activity and gene expression analysis. PTC treatment caused ballooning and PTC-d treatment led to macrovesicular steatosis of hepatocyte. The elevation of serum indexes, including the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), further confirmed the hepatic injury. PTC and PTC-d treatments altered oxidative status reflected by the inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity , meanwhile, the stimulation of catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The mRNA expression changes of apoptosis-related factors and cytokines genes, including Bax, Bcl-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, Caspase-3 and Nrf2, deeply uncovered the potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity caused by PTC and PTC-d. In brief, the results indicated that both of these two compounds altered oxidative status, then were likely to trigger caspase-3 by affecting the ratio of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors which belong to intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Specifically, more serious impacts were induced by PTC-d than its parent compound. This study is the first to provide specific insight into potential hepatotoxicity resulted from PTC and PTC-d in male Chinese lizards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Weiyu Hao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Huang T, Jiang H, Zhao Y, He J, Cheng H, Martyniuk CJ. A comprehensive review of 1,2,4-triazole fungicide toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio): A mitochondrial and metabolic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151177. [PMID: 34699814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this critical review, we synthesize data from peer-reviewed literature reporting on triazole fungicide exposures in the zebrafish model. Based on their mode of action in plants (potent inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis), we focused attention on mechanisms related to cellular, lipid, and steroid metabolism. Evidence from several studies reveals that zebrafish exposed to triazoles present with impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress, as well as dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Such metabolic disruptions are expected to underscore developmental delays, deformity, and aberrant locomotor activity and behaviors often observed following exposure. We begin by summarizing physiological and behavioral effects observed with triazole fungicide exposure in zebrafish. We then discuss mechanisms that may underlie adverse apical effects, focusing on mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism. Using computational approaches, we also identify novel biomarkers of triazole fungicide exposure. Extracting and analyzing data contained in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) revealed that transcriptional signatures responsive to different triazoles are related to metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, biological oxidations, and fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism among other processes. Pathway and sub-network analysis identified several transcripts that are responsive in organisms exposed to triazole fungicides, several of which include lipid-related genes. Knowledge gaps and recommendations for future investigations include; (1) targeted metabolomics for metabolites in glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain; (2) additional studies conducted at environmentally relevant concentrations to characterize the potential for endocrine disruption, given that studies point to altered cholesterol (precursor for steroid hormones), as well as altered estrogen receptor alpha and thyroid hormone expression; (3) studies into the potential role for lipid peroxidation and oxidation of lipid biomolecules as a mechanism of triazole-induced toxicity, given the strong evidence for oxidative damage in zebrafish following exposure to triazole fungicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Haibo Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Qin Y, Wang X, Yan X, Zhu D, Wang J, Chen S, Wang S, Wen Y, Martyniuk CJ, Zhao Y. Developmental toxicity of fenbuconazole in zebrafish: effects on mitochondrial respiration and locomotor behavior. Toxicology 2022; 470:153137. [PMID: 35218879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are used to control the disease of cereal crops but may also cause adverse effects on non-target organisms. There is a lack of toxicity data for some triazoles such as fenbuconazole in aquatic organisms. This research was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of fenbuconazole at environmentally relevant concentrations with attention on the mitochondria, antioxidant system, and locomotor activity in zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to one concentration of 5, 50, 200 or 500ng/L fenbuconazole for 96h. There was no effect on survival nor percentage of fish hatched, but exposure to 200 and 500ng/L fenbuconazole resulted in malformation and hypoactivity in zebrafish. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of embryos were measured to determine if the fungicide impaired mitochondrial respiration. Exposure to 500ng/L fenbuconazole reduced basal OCR and oligomycin-induced ATP linked respiration in exposed fish. Fenbuconazole reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced the activities of mitochondrial Complex II and III. Transcript levels of both sdhc and cyc1, each related to Complex II and III, were also altered in expression by fenbuconazole exposure, consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction in embryos. Fenbuconazole activated the antioxidant system, based upon both transcriptional and enzymatic data in zebrafish. Consistent with mitochondrial impairment, molecular docking confirmed a strong binding capacity of the fungicide at the Qi site of Complex III, revealing this complex is susceptible to fenbuconazole. This study reveals potential toxicity pathways related to fenbuconazole exposure in aquatic organisms; such data can improve risk assessments for triazole fungicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingju Qin
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiliang Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Di Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Siying Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, The Education Department of Jilin Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin 136000, PR China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yan S, Tian S, Meng Z, Sun W, Xu N, Jia M, Huang S, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Diao J, Zhu W. Synergistic effect of ZnO NPs and imidacloprid on liver injury in male ICR mice: Increase the bioavailability of IMI by targeting the gut microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118676. [PMID: 34906595 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although many toxicological studies on pesticides and nanoparticles have been conducted, it is not clear whether nanoparticles will increase the toxicity of pesticides. In this study, we chose imidacloprid (IMI) as a representative pesticide, and explored the influence of ZnO NPs on the toxic effect of IMI. In addition, we studied the bioaccumulation of IMI in mice. Using biochemical index analysis, liver histopathological analysis, non-targeted metabolomics, and LC/MS analysis, we found that ZnO NPs increased the toxicity of IMI, which may be related to the increase in IMI bioaccumulation in mice. In addition, we used intestinal histopathological analysis, RT-qPCR, and 16sRNA sequencing to find that the disturbance of the gut microbiota and the impaired intestinal barrier caused by ZnO NPs may be the reason for the increase in IMI bioaccumulation. In summary, our results indicate that ZnO NPs disrupted the intestinal barrier and enhanced the bioaccumulation of IMI, and therefore increased the toxicity of IMI in mice. Our research has deepened the toxicological insights between nanomaterials and pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dong G, Zhang R, Hu Q, Martin EM, Qin Y, Lu C, Xia Y, Wang X, Du G. Prothioconazole induces cell cycle arrest by up-regulation of EIF4EBP1 in extravillous trophoblast cells. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:559-570. [PMID: 35048155 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a new broad-spectrum triazole antibacterial agent that is being widely used in agriculture. PTC has been linked to a number of reproductive outcomes including embryo implantation disorder; however, the exact mechanism underlying this relationship has yet to be determined. Proper trophoblast proliferation and migration is a prerequisite for successful embryo implantation. To elucidate the underlying molecular perturbations, we detect the effect of PTC on extravillous trophoblast cells proliferation and migration, and investigate its potential mechanisms. Exposure to different concentrations of PTC (0-500 μM) significantly inhibited the cell viability and migration ability (5 μM PTC exposure), and also caused the cell cycle arrest at the lowest dose (1 μM PTC exposure). Transcriptome analysis revealed that PTC exposure disturbed multiple biological processes including cell cycle and apoptosis, consistent with cell phenotype. Specifically, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1, 4E-BP1) was identified as up-regulated in PTC exposure group and knockdown of EIF4EBP1, and attenuated the G1 phase arrest induced by PTC exposure. In summary, our data demonstrated that 4E-BP1 participated in PTC-induced cell cycle arrest in extravillous trophoblast cells by regulating cyclin D1. These findings shed light on the potential adverse effect of PTC exposure on the embryo implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Baijiahu Community Health Service Center, Moling Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211102, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beilun District, Ningbo, 315899, China
| | - Elizabeth M Martin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.,Department of Health and Human Services, Postdoctoral Research Associate Training Program, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yufeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Microbes and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang H, Yang G, Bao Z, Jin Y, Wang J, Chen J, Qian M. Stereoselective effects of fungicide difenoconazole and its four stereoisomers on gut barrier, microbiota, and glucolipid metabolism in male mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150454. [PMID: 34818760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Difenoconazole is a commonly used triazole fungicide that consists of four stereoisomers [(2S,4S)-, (2S,4R)-, (2R,4R)-, and (2R,4S)-isomers] with different bioactivity. For example, the toxicity of the (2R,4S)-isomer to fish is approximately seven times higher than that of the (2S,4S)-isomer. However, the stereoselective toxic effects of difenoconazole stereoisomers on mammals have received little attention. In the present study, adult male mice were orally treated with a mixture of the four stereoisomers or each stereoisomer individually (0, 30, or 100 mg/kg/d) by gavage for 28 days. Pathological staining of the liver sections showed that the (2R,4R)-isomer caused lipid droplet accumulation. The mixture or each individual stereoisomers decreased the levels of amino acids and acyl-carnitine in serum. Moreover, the (2S,4R)-, (2R,4R)-, and (2R,4S)-isomers affected intestinal permeability, causing decreases in mucus secretion and tight junction protein expression in colon. Analysis of the gut microbiota composition showed that the stereoisomers caused decreases of OTU numbers and observed species at different levels. Interestingly, difenoconazole and its four stereoisomers reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level and some short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Taking the findings together, 2R-difenoconazole with strong bioactivity against pathogenic fungi also had significant effects in mammals, disrupting hepatic lipid metabolism, intestinal permeability, and gut microbiota. It is concluded that the health risks of the four difenoconazole stereoisomers to mammals should not be overlooked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Food Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guiling Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Food Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhiwei Bao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Food Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Zhejiang Medicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312366, China
| | - Mingrong Qian
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Food Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Prakash V, Jain V, Chauhan SS, Parthasarathi R, Roy SK, Anbumani S. Developmental toxicity assessment of 4-MBC in Danio rerio embryo-larval stages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:149920. [PMID: 34509837 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Enormous production of cosmetic products and its indiscriminate use tends to discharge into the aquatic environment and might threaten non-target organisms inhabiting aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, developmental toxicity of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), a widely used organic UV filter in personal care products has been evaluated using zebrafish embryo-larval stages. Waterborne exposure induced developmental toxicity and deduced 2.71 mg/L as 96 h LC50 whereas embryos exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (50 and 500 μg/L) caused a significant delay in hatching rate, heart rate, reduced larval length, and restricted hatchlings motility besides the axial curvature. Chronic exposure to 10 dpf resulted in significant decrease in SOD activity at 500 μg/L with no changes in CAT level besides a significant increase in GST enzyme at 5 μg/L concentration in 5 dpf sampled larvae. However, all the three enzymes were significantly elevated in 10 dpf larvae indicating differential oxidative stress during the stages of development. Similar trend is noticed for acetylcholine esterase enzyme activity. A concentration dependent increase in malondialdehyde content was noted in larvae sampled at 5 and 10 dpf. In addition, multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity inhibition, and elevated oxidative tissue damage were noticed at 5 dpf with no significant changes in 10 dpf larvae. Furthermore, immunoblot analysis confirms 4-MBC induced apoptosis in zebrafish larvae with promoted cleaved Caspase-3, Bax and inhibited Bcl-2 proteins expression. Subsequently, docking studies revealed the binding potential of 4-MBC to zebrafish Abcb4 and CYP450 8A1 proteins with the binding energy of -8.1 and -8.5 kcal/mol representing target proteins interaction and toxicity potentiation. Our results showed that 4-MBC exposure triggers oxidative stress at sub-lethal concentrations leading to apoptosis, deformities and locomotion perturbations in developing zebrafish.This is first of its kind in systematically demonstrating developmental toxicity of 4-MBC and the information shall be used for aquatic toxicity risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ved Prakash
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Veena Jain
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shweta Singh Chauhan
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Somendu K Roy
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sadasivam Anbumani
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, "Vishvigyan Bhawan", 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No.80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Y, Liang H, Ren B, Zhao T, Chen H, Zhao Y, Liang H. Enantioselective toxic effects of mefentrifluconazole in the liver of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) based on transcription level and metabolomic profile. Toxicology 2022; 467:153095. [PMID: 34999168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mefentrifluconazole, a new type of chiral triazole fungicide, is widely applied to control a variety of fungal diseases in crops. However, the toxicological effects of mefentrifluconazole on aquatic organisms are unknown, especially at the enantiomer level. In the present study, zebrafish were selected as a typical model for mefentrifluconazole enantiomer exposure. Metabolomic and transcription analyses were performed with 0.01 and 0.10 mg/L mefentrifluconazole and its enantiomers (i.e., rac-mfz/(-)-mfz/(+)-mfz) at 28 days. The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics analysis showed that 9, 10 and 4 metabolites were changed significantly in the rac-mfz, (+)-mfz and (-)-mfz treatment groups compared with the control group, respectively. The differential metabolites were related to energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of lipid metabolism-, apoptosis- and CYP-related genes in the livers of female zebrafish in rac-mfz and (+)-mfz was 1.61-108.92 times and 2.37-551.34 times higher than that in (-)-mfz, respectively. The results above indicate that exposure to mefentrifluconazole induced enantioselective liver toxicity in zebrafish. Our study underlined the importance of distinguishing different enantiomers, which will contribute to environmental protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hongwu Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Bo Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Haiyue Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yuexing Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Hanlin Liang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tian S, Yan H, Meng Z, Jia M, Sun W, Huang S, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Diao J, Zhu W. Prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio induced different hepatotoxicities via interfering with glycolipid metabolism in mice. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 180:104983. [PMID: 34955176 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTA), a new triazole fungicide, has been widely used worldwide. A recent study has confirmed that PTA and its main metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (dPTA) interfere with the liver metabolism in reptiles. However, little is known about liver toxicity of these two pollutants in mammals. Here, female mice were orally exposed to PTA (1.5 mg/kg body weight/day) and dPTA (1.5 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days. Additionally, growth phenotype and indexes related to serum and liver function were examined. Using metabolomics and gene expression analysis, PTA- and dPTA-induced hepatotoxicity was studied to clarify its potential underlying mechanism of action. Together, the results indicated that PTA and dPTA exposure caused changes in growth phenotypes, including elevated blood glucose levels, triglyceride accumulation, and damage of liver function. Additionally, exposure to PTA and dPTA caused changes in genes and metabolites related to glycolipid metabolism in female mice, thereby interfering with the pyruvate metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways, ultimately leading to hepatic metabolism disorders. In particular, the effect of dPTA on hepatotoxicity has been proven to be more significant than that of PTA. Thus, these findings help us understand the underlying mechanism of action of PTA and dPTA exposure-induced hepatotoxicity in mammals and possibly humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hang Yan
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu L, Wu Q, Miao X, Fan T, Meng Z, Chen X, Zhu W. Study on toxicity effects of environmental pollutants based on metabolomics: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131815. [PMID: 34375834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on non-target organisms have received more and more attention. As a new omics technology, metabolomics can clarify the metabolic homeostasis of the organism at the overall level by studying the changes in the relative contents of endogenous metabolites in the organism. Recently, a large number of studies have used metabolomics technology to study the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on organisms. In this review, we reviewed the analysis processes and data processes of metabolomics and its application in the study of the toxic effects of environmental pollutants including heavy metals, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and microplastics. In addition, we emphasized that the combination of metabolomics and other omics technologies will help to explore the toxic mechanism of environmental pollutants and provide new research ideas for the toxicological evaluation of environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Qinchao Wu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Xinyi Miao
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Tianle Fan
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Composition, Anti-MRSA Activity and Toxicity of Essential Oils from Cymbopogon Species. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247542. [PMID: 34946632 PMCID: PMC8708858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the essential oils obtained from medicinal plants possess proven antimicrobial activity and are suitable for medicinal purposes and applications in the food industry. The aim of the present work was the chemical analysis of 19 essential oils (EOs) from seven different Cymbopogon species (C. nardus, C. citratus, C winterianus, C. flexuosus, C. schoenanthus, C. martinii, C. giganteus). Five different chemotypes were established by GC/MS and TLC assay. The EOs, as well as some reference compounds, i.e., citronellol, geraniol and citral (neral + geranial), were also tested for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the microdilution method and direct bioautography. The toxicity of EOs was evaluated by Danio rerio ‘Zebrafish’ model assay. All examined EOs showed moderate to high activity against MRSA, with the highest activity noted for C. flexuosus—lemongrass essential oil, both in microdilution and direct autobiography method. Significant difference in the toxicity of the examined EOs was also detected.
Collapse
|
41
|
Tian S, Yan S, Meng Z, Huang S, Sun W, Jia M, Teng M, Zhou Z, Zhu W. New insights into bisphenols induced obesity in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Activation of cannabinoid receptor CB1. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126100. [PMID: 34098260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols (BPs), as widely used plastic additives, penetrate into our daily lives. BPs are considered endocrine disruptors and could potentially induce obesity. In this study, the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on food intake and lipid metabolism in zebrafish were determined. Moreover, the impact of BPA and TBBPA on the endocannabinoid system (ECS) of zebrafish was further explored by metabolomics, transcriptomics, and molecular docking analysis. Here we show that exposure to BPA and TBBPA at concentrations commonly found in the environment (20, 100, and 500 μg/L) led to hyperphagia and obesity in adult male zebrafish. Metabolomics and histopathological analysis revealed significant lipid accumulation in the liver of zebrafish exposed to BPA and TBBPA. The expression of ECS-related genes, in conjunction with RNA-Seq results, further indicated that BPA and TBBPA increased appetite and induced obesity by activating cannabinoid receptor type 1(CB1). Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that six representative BPs including BPA and TBBPA could bind to the CB1 receptor. Collectively, these findings indicate that CB1 may be a potential target for BPs to induce obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Development of a colorimetric sensor array based on monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles for discrimination of triazole fungicides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:5297-5308. [PMID: 33855603 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the widespread use of pesticides and their harmful effects on humans and wildlife, monitoring their residual amounts in crops is critically essential but still challenging regarding the development of high-throughput approaches. Herein, a colorimetric sensor array has been proposed for discrimination and identification of triazole fungicides using monometallic and bimetallic silver and gold nanoparticles. Aggregation-induced behavior of AgNPs, AuNPs, and Au-AgNPs in the presence of four triazole fungicides produced a fingerprint response pattern for each analyte. Innovative changes to the metal composition of nanoparticles leads to the production of entirely distinct response patterns that can be used for the detection and discrimination of triazoles. Pattern recognition methods, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical cluster analysis, have been employed for the differentiation of triazoles in the concentration range of 0.1-0.55 μg mL-1. Besides, the sensor array demonstrates promising practicability to satisfactorily distinguished triazole in mixtures and complex media of wheat flour and cucumber samples. The proposed colorimetric sensor array might pave the way towards a cost-effective and rapid, yet sensitive platform for high-throughput monitoring of residual amounts of pesticides for on-site applications.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang J, Chen X, Sun X, Liu M, Wu X, Gong Y, Du J. Degradation pathway of triazole fungicides and synchronous removal of transformation products via photo-electrocatalytic oxidation tandem MoS 2 adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16480-16491. [PMID: 33387321 PMCID: PMC7969552 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple and effective tandem process of photo-electrocatalytic oxidation (PECO)-MoS2 adsorption was developed for the synchronous removal of triazole fungicides (TFs) and toxicological transformation products (TPs). In order to accurately identify trace TPs and evaluate degradation pathway during water treatment, a sensitive analytical method was developed on the basis of the stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) pretreatment tandem LC-MS/MS technique. Firstly, the typical TFs (PRO, TET, and DIN, C0 = 1.0 mg/L) in actual water samples were treated under the optimal process (bias voltage 1.8 V, pH 4, irradiation intensity 50 mW/cm2, 0.05 g MoS2/100 mL, 350 rpm, adsorption of 5 min). The result indicated that the residues of PRO, TET, and DIN in secondary effluent were 0.0973, 0.0617, and 0.0012 mg/L, respectively, with the removal rates of 90.3%, 93.8%, and 99.9%, respectively, undergoing 30-min photo-electrocatalysis and 5-min adsorption. The alkaline medium was favorable for the adsorption of MoS2 to TFs. The assessment results of potential cancer risk indicated that the residues of TFs in secondary effluent were safe for drinking water consumption. Besides, the major TPs were identified via the SBSE-HRLC-MS/MS technique, and one possible transformation pathway of TFs was proposed. TFs mainly underwent dehydrochlorination, cyclization, hydroxylation, etc. to produce a series of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds that possess higher polarity than parents, hinting that TPs might pose potential aquatic toxicity. However, TPs can be removed synchronously by this tandem technique. The current study can provide a theoretical basis for the harmless treatment of TFs in the water environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
- Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Eco-environment Monitoring, Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
| | - Miao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
| | - Yichao Gong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, 071002 Hebei Province China
| | - Jianfang Du
- Bioengineering Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sultana Z, Khan MM, Mostakim GM, Moniruzzaman M, Rahman MK, Shahjahan M, Islam MS. Studying the effects of profenofos, an endocrine disruptor, on organogenesis of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20659-20667. [PMID: 33405136 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Profenofos is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that can enter into the aquatic ecosystem either through surface runoff or through percolation of a toxicant from the soil. In order to clarify the effect of profenofos on the developmental stages of zebrafish, the embryos were treated with serial dilutions of profenofos (0%, 10%, 25%, and 50% of LC50). Embryos were treated with profenofos for 7 days or until hatching. The toxic endpoints assessed include hatching time, survival, malformation, and heartbeats of the embryos. In a 96-h test on zebrafish embryos, the LC50 of profenofos was 0.057 mg/L. Profenofos considerably lowered survival, increased abnormalities at different ontogenetic stages, and developed malformations of different organs in a concentration-dependent fashion. The identified developmental malformations were fluid accumulation, impaired jaw, short tail, ruptured pectoral and caudal fin, curved body, thin yolk sac tube, and deformed heart. The way of looping arrangement of the heart at the early stage of embryos was significantly influenced by the higher concentration of profenofos. Heartbeat is also reduced significantly in a concentration-dependent fashion. The results show that the zebrafish are susceptible to profenofos even at lower concentrations in the initial stage. Therefore, when used in agricultural areas adjacent to the aquatic environment, endocrine-disrupting chemicals should be used in an appropriate manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Mansura Khan
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Mohammod Mostakim
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalilur Rahman
- Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh, 2201, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - M Sadiqul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xia M, Mei H, Qian Q, Dahlgren RA, Gao M, Wang X. Sulfur quantum dot-based "ON-OFF-ON" fluorescence platform for detection and bioimaging of Cr(vi) and ascorbic acid in complex environmental matrices and biological tissues. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10572-10581. [PMID: 35423544 PMCID: PMC8695692 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00401h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on an "assembling-fission" principle, stable sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) were synthesized using sublimed sulfur as a precursor and PEG-400 as a passivator. The fluorescence intensities (FIs) of SQDs were efficiently quenched by Cr(vi) due to formation of SQD/Cr(vi) complexes through the inner-filter effect. When ascorbic acid (AA) was introduced into the SQD/Cr(vi) system, SQD fluorescence was restored due to AA-induced reduction of Cr(vi) to Cr(iii). Consequently, a SQD-based "ON-OFF-ON" platform was constructed for sequential detection of Cr(vi) and AA. Under optimized conditions, the FIs of SQDs were linearly dependent on the concentrations of Cr(vi) and AA, yielding linear ranges of 0.005-1.5 and 0.01-5.5 mM with detection limits of 1.5 and 3 μM, respectively, in waters, serum and tablet samples. After a 24 h incubation, the SQDs displayed strong, quenched and recovered blue fluorescence, respectively, in the SQD, SQD/AAO/Cr(vi) and SQD/Cr(vi) systems in live HeLa cells and zebrafish embryos/larvae. A blue fluorescence was displayed in the yolk of zebrafish embryos, and yolk and head of larvae. This study demonstrates the efficacy of SQD systems for environmental and biological applications in complex matrices, and for direct observation of Cr bioaccumulation in organisms by bioimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China +86 512 6809 5950 +86 512 6809 5950
| | - He Mei
- College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Qiuhui Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China +86 512 6809 5950 +86 512 6809 5950
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325035 China
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China +86 512 6809 5950 +86 512 6809 5950
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China +86 512 6809 5950 +86 512 6809 5950
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shen J, Liu P, Sun Y, Xu X, Guo L, Rao Q, Chen M, Liu X. Embryonic exposure to prothioconazole induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) early life stage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143859. [PMID: 33303200 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are extensively applied in general agriculture for fungal control and have negative impacts on aquatic organisms. Prothioconazole, a widely used triazole fungicide, is toxic to zebrafish, but systematic research on the negative effects caused by prothioconazole in zebrafish embryos is limited. In this study, we studied the developmental toxicology, oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by prothioconazole in zebrafish embryos. Exposure to 0.850 mg/L prothioconazole impacts embryo survival and hatching. Prothioconazole exposure caused embryo malformation, especially yolk-sac and pericardial edemas, and prothioconazole-induced apoptosis was observed. Additionally, exposure to a high prothioconazole concentration up-regulated the expression levels of oxidative stress defense-related genes and p53. The bax to bcl2 ratio increased along with exposure time and prothioconazole concentration. Prothioconazole induced apoptosis during the early life stages of zebrafish and may trigger oxidative-stress and p53-dependent pathway responses. Our findings increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and cell death caused by prothioconazole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Sun
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longfei Guo
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Rao
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minlan Chen
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xunyue Liu
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A& F University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chen G, Cao L, Cao C, Zhao P, Li F, Xu B, Huang Q. Effective and Sustained Control of Soil-Borne Plant Diseases by Biodegradable Polyhydroxybutyrate Mulch Films Embedded with Fungicide of Prothioconazole. Molecules 2021; 26:762. [PMID: 33540718 PMCID: PMC7867224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil-borne diseases and plant rhizosphere nematode have caused many crop yield losses. Increased environmental awareness is leading to more restrictions on the use of certain fumigants and root irrigation methods due to their impact on human health and soil system. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative treatments to maintain crop economic yields and environmental sustainability. In the present work, biodegradable antifungal mulches were prepared by blending poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with fungicide of prothioconazole (PRO), which were used for effective and sustained control of soil-borne plant diseases. To reveal the application prospect of the PHB/PRO composite films in the management of soilborne plant diseases, some physical and biological properties were evaluated. The proper mulch film of PHB/PRO was assessed based on its mechanical and optical properties, while water solubility and the film micromorphology was further characterized. The release patterns of composite films under different pH levels were investigated. Moreover, the in vitro antifungal bioassay and pot experiment showed satisfactory bioactivity of the PHB/PRO films against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc., a soil-borne disease in peanut fields. This study demonstrated that the biodegradable mulch films containing PRO fungicide are capable of inhibiting soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi effectively, and this facile but powerful strategy may find wide applicability in sustainable plant and horticulture protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (G.C.); (C.C.); (P.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Lidong Cao
- Henan Haonianjing Biological Development Co., Ltd., Yangjin Industrial Park, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| | - Chong Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (G.C.); (C.C.); (P.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Pengyue Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (G.C.); (C.C.); (P.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China; (G.C.); (C.C.); (P.Z.); (F.L.)
| | - Bo Xu
- Henan Haonianjing Biological Development Co., Ltd., Yangjin Industrial Park, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| | - Qiliang Huang
- Henan Haonianjing Biological Development Co., Ltd., Yangjin Industrial Park, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jing X, Huang X, Wang H, Xue H, Wu B, Wang X, Jia L. Popping candy-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for enantioselective determination of prothioconazole and its chiral metabolite in water, beer, Baijiu, and vinegar samples by HPLC. Food Chem 2021; 348:129147. [PMID: 33508607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To simultaneously determine the enantiomers of prothioconazole and its chiral metabolite prothioconazole-desthio in water, beer, Baijiu, and vinegar samples by HPLC, a simple, fast, environmentally-friendly popping candy-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique was developed. A green medium-chain fatty acid (decanoic acid) and popping candy could be used as the extractant and solid dispersant respectively to avoid the use of toxic organic solvents. Decanoic acid was collected after extraction by solidification at room temperature. The linear range of this technique was from 27.1 to 1000 µg L-1. The limits of detection and quantification were within the ranges of 8.1-11.2 μg L-1 and 27.1-37.3 μg L-1, respectively. The extraction recovery was 80.8% to 102.5% with the relative standard deviation ranged from 1.1 to 7.1%. This technique has been successfully applied to enantioselectively determine the residues of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in water, beer, Baijiu, and vinegar samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Haoyue Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Beiqi Wu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China
| | - Liyan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China; Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Meng Z, Tian S, Sun W, Liu L, Yan S, Huang S, Zhu W, Zhou Z. Effects of exposure to prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio on oxidative stress and metabolic profiles of liver and kidney tissues in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116215. [PMID: 33310497 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC), a popular agricultural fungicide, and its main metabolite prothioconazole-desthio (PTCd) are receiving great attention due to their toxicological effects in the non-target organisms. This study investigated their dosage-dependent (1 and 5 mg/kg BW/day) toxicological effects on oxidative stress and metabolic profiles of liver and kidney tissues using male mice. PTC and PTCd significantly inhibited the growth phenotype including body weights gain, liver and kidney indices. Furthermore, these effects were deeply investigated using the biomarkers of oxidative stress, and metabolomics. Notably, these effects were dose and tissue-dependent. Specifically, the more serious impacts involving oxidative stress and metabolic disorders were observed in the high concentration treatment groups. Also, the liver tissue was more severely affected than the kidney tissue. Lastly, the change in oxidative stress biomarkers and metabolomics profile revealed that PTCd induced more severe toxic effects than the parent compound PTC. In brief, these results indicate that exposure to PTC and PTCd could cause potential health risks in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Meng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shi Y, Ye Z, Hu P, Wei D, Gao Q, Zhao Z, Xiao J, Liao M, Cao H. Removal of prothioconazole using screened microorganisms and identification of biodegradation products via UPLC-QqTOF-MS. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111203. [PMID: 32866888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of the prothioconazole by three strains of microorganisms isolated from activated sludge obtained from a pesticide factory was assessed, and an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqTOF-MS) method for the determination of prothioconazole and its metabolites was established. The optimal conditions for the degradation of prothioconazole were determined by single factor optimization experiments. A degradation rate of 93.32% is achieved when the prothioconazole is co-cultured with the strain W313 at a cultivation time of 60 h, a cultivation temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 6.33, a prothioconazole concentration of 50 mg L-1, a microorganism volume of 10%, and a dextrose volume of 4%. The three effective microorganism strains were identified by morphological and molecular biology to be Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. UPLC-QqTOF-MS analysis allowed the identification of 62 different prothioconazole degradation products produced by the strain cultures, with prothioconazole-desthio, prothioconazole-dechloropropyl, and oxidizing prothioconazole being the main products. In addition, degradation products from different strains and conditions were compared. The results of scatter plot (S-Plot) analysis indicated that C9H7NO, C10H17N7, and C12H13ClN2O were only detected in the products incubated with Enterobacter cloacae. Thus, this study demonstrates that Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses high potential for bioremediation of prothioconazole-contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Hefei, 230036, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhuang Ye
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Quan Gao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|