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Hsiao CC, Cheng CG, Hong ZT, Chen YH, Cheng CA. The Influence of Fine Particulate Matter and Cold Weather on Emergency Room Interventions for Childhood Asthma. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:570. [PMID: 38792592 PMCID: PMC11122191 DOI: 10.3390/life14050570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Children are the most vulnerable to pollution due to their decreased stature, heightened respiratory rate, and frequent outdoor engagement. PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone, and cold weather are associated with pediatric asthma. In this study, we investigated the nexus between air pollution, climate factors, and pediatric asthma emergency room visits (ERVs). (2) Method: Pediatric asthma ERV data for healthcare quality from the Taiwanese National Insurance in the Taipei area were obtained from 2015 to 2019. Air pollution and climate factor data were also collected. Poisson regression was employed to determine the relationships with relative risks (RRs). (3) Results: The incidence of pediatric asthma ERVs decreased, with a crude RR of 0.983 (95% CI: 0.98-0.986, p < 0.001). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) had an adjusted RR of 1.102 (95% CI: 1.037-1.172, p = 0.002) and a 7.7 µg/m3 increase, and air temperature had an adjusted RR of 0.813 (95% CI: 0.745-0.887, p < 0.001) comparing between the highest and lowest quarter air temperature associated with pediatric asthma ERVs. (4) Conclusions: This inquiry underscores the positive associations of PM2.5 and cold weather with pediatric asthma ERVs. The findings could guide the government to establish policies to reduce air pollution and promote children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Gu Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Tai Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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Bhavnani D, Wilkinson M, Zárate RA, Balcer-Whaley S, Katz DSW, Rathouz PJ, Matsui EC. Do upper respiratory viruses contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in emergency department visits for asthma? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:778-782.e1. [PMID: 36400176 PMCID: PMC9991974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are marked disparities in asthma-related emergency department (ED) visit rates among children by race and ethnicity. Following the implementation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention measures, asthma-related ED visits rates declined substantially. The decline has been attributed to the reduced circulation of upper respiratory viruses, a common trigger of asthma exacerbations in children. OBJECTIVES To better understand the contribution of respiratory viruses to racial and ethnic disparities in ED visit rates, we investigated whether the reduction in ED visit rates affected Black, Latinx, and White children with asthma equally. METHODS Asthma-related ED visits were extracted from electronic medical records at Dell Children's Medical Center in Travis County, Texas. ED visit rates among children with asthma were derived by race/ethnicity. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs were estimated by year (2019-2021) and season. RESULTS In spring 2019, the ED visit IRRs comparing Black children with White children and Latinx children with White children were 6.67 (95% CI = 4.92-9.05) and 2.10 (95% CI = 1.57-2.80), respectively. In spring 2020, when infection prevention measures were implemented, the corresponding IRRs decreased to 1.73 (95% CI = 0.90-3.32) and 0.68 (95% CI = 0.38-1.23), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The striking reduction of disparities in ED visits suggests that during nonpandemic periods, respiratory viruses contribute to the excess burden of asthma-related ED visits among Black and Latinx children with asthma. Although further investigation is needed to test this hypothesis, our findings raise the question of whether Black and Latinx children with asthma are more vulnerable to upper respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Bhavnani
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex.
| | - Matthew Wilkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
| | - Rebecca A Zárate
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
| | - Susan Balcer-Whaley
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
| | - Daniel S W Katz
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
| | - Paul J Rathouz
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
| | - Elizabeth C Matsui
- Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex
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Ma P, Zhou N, Wang X, Zhang Y, Tang X, Yang Y, Ma X, Wang S. Stronger susceptibilities to air pollutants of influenza A than B were identified in subtropical Shenzhen, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115100. [PMID: 36565842 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution was indicated to be a key factor contributing to the aggressive spread of influenza viruses, whereas uncertainty still exists regarding to whether distinctions exist between influenza subtypes. Our study quantified the impact of five air pollutants on influenza subtype outbreaks in Shenzhen, China, a densely populated and highly urbanized megacity. Daily influenza outbreak data of laboratory-confirmed positive cases were obtained from the Shenzhen CDC, from May 1, 2013 to Dec 31, 2015. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), particulate matters ≤10 μm (PM10), and ozone (O3), were retrieved from the 18 national monitoring stations. The generalized additive model (GAM) and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) were used to calculate the concentration-response relationships between environmental inducers and outbreak epidemics, respectively for influenza A (Flu-A) and B (Flu-B). There were 1687 positive specimens were confirmed during the study period. The cold season was restricted from Nov. 4th to Apr. 20th, covering all seasons other than the long-lasting summer. Relatively heavy fine particle matter (PM2.5) and NO2 pollution was observed in cold months, with mean concentrations of 46.06 μg/m3 and 40.03 μg/m3, respectively. Time-series analysis indicated that high concentrations of NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were associated with more influenza outbreaks at short lag periods (0-5 d). Although more Flu-B (679 cases) epidemics occurred than Flu-A (382 cases) in the cold season, Flu-A generally showed higher susceptibility to air pollutants. A 10 μg/m3 increment in concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and O3 at lag 04, was associated with a 2.103 (95%CI: 1.528-2.893), 1.618 (95%CI: 1.311-1.996), and 1.569 (95%CI: 1.214-2.028) of the relative risk (RR) of Flu-A, respectively. A 5 μg/m3 increase in NO2 was associated with higher risk of Flu-A at lag 03 (RR = 1.646, 95%CI: 1.295-2.092) and of Flu-B at lag 04 (RR = 1.319, 95%CI: 1.095-1.588). Nevertheless, barely significant effect of particulate matters (PM2.5, PM10) on Flu-B and SO2 on both subtypes was detected. Further, the effect estimates of NO2 increased for both subtypes when coexisting with other pollutants. This study provides evidence that declining concentrations of main pollutants including NO2, O3, and particulate matters, could substantially decrease influenza risk in subtropical Shenzhen, especially for influenza A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Ma
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China; Chengdu Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Scientific Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ning Zhou
- The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China.
| | - Xinzi Wang
- Meteorological Bureau of Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China; Chengdu Plain Urban Meteorology and Environment Scientific Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Tang
- Shenzhen National Climate Observatory, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shigong Wang
- Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
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Cheng CG, Yen SY, Hsiao CC, Lin YY, Chang YH, Chen YH, Cheng CA. Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients. TOXICS 2023; 11:94. [PMID: 36850970 PMCID: PMC9964231 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The acute effects of ozone, cold temperature and particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in size related to asthma attacks are well known worldwide. The adverse effects of ozone and cold temperature on asthma morbidity in Taiwan are still inconclusive. (2) Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had asthma emergency room visits (ERVs) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019 in a regional hospital in Taiwan. The short-term negative effects were estimated using Distributed Lag Non-Linear Models (DLNMs) for the relative risks (RRs) of asthma ERVs associated with PM2.5, ozone and cold temperature exposures within 5 days. (3) Results: There was a significant association between a 10 ppm increase in PM2.5 exposure and asthma ERVs at a 2-day lag (RR 1.166, 95% confidence interval (C.I.): 1.051-1.294). There was a significant association between ozone and asthma ERVs at a 1-day lag (RR 1.179, 95% C.I.: 1.034-1.345). The ambient temperature in cold weather compared with the temperature of minimum asthma ERV showed an RR of 1.214, 95% C.I.: 1.009-1.252 at a 1-day lag. (4) Conclusions: This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to fine suspended particulates, ozone and inverse temperature is associated with asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Gu Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yih Yen
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Hsiao
- Department of Nursing, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yue Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Han Chang
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10621, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
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5
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Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Huang Y. Ambient Temperature Is an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Tonsillitis Incidence. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023; 102:NP40-NP45. [PMID: 33393820 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320984573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute tonsillitis is a common disease in otorhinolaryngology. Meteorological factors can affect the incidence of many infectious diseases. This study aims to analyze the correlation between acute tonsillitis and meteorological conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected the meteorological data, including daily temperature, humidity, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) of Shanghai, China, from 2014 to 2015. The monthly number of acute tonsillitis cases in our hospital was also calculated and used as the outcome variable. The associations between them were evaluated, respectively. RESULTS The average number of patients diagnosed with acute tonsillitis in our hospital per month was 68.67 ± 18.67 from 2014 to 2015. The average temperature, humidity, and PM2.5 of Shanghai during the defined period was 16.84 °C ± 7.80 °C, 75.93% ± 5.45%, and 52.38 ± 14.23 μg/m3, respectively. The temperature was significantly positively associated with the acute tonsillitis cases number both in Pearson correlation analysis (R = 0.423, P = .039) and in multivariate regression analysis (coefficient =2.194, P = .012). However, no correlation between the acute tonsillitis cases number and relative humidity or PM2.5 was found through a multivariate regression model (P = .225 and P = .243), respectively. CONCLUSION The high temperature was associated with an increased incidence of acute tonsillitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfang Jiang
- Nursing Department, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Huang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Tong M, Wondmagegn B, Xiang J, Hansen A, Dear K, Pisaniello D, Varghese B, Xiao J, Jian L, Scalley B, Nitschke M, Nairn J, Bambrick H, Karnon J, Bi P. Hospitalization Costs of Respiratory Diseases Attributable to Temperature in Australia and Projections for Future Costs in the 2030s and 2050s under Climate Change. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159706. [PMID: 35955062 PMCID: PMC9368165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate respiratory disease hospitalization costs attributable to ambient temperatures and to estimate the future hospitalization costs in Australia. The associations between daily hospitalization costs for respiratory diseases and temperatures in Sydney and Perth over the study period of 2010-2016 were analyzed using distributed non-linear lag models. Future hospitalization costs were estimated based on three predicted climate change scenarios-RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The estimated respiratory disease hospitalization costs attributable to ambient temperatures increased from 493.2 million Australian dollars (AUD) in the 2010s to more than AUD 700 million in 2050s in Sydney and from AUD 98.0 million to about AUD 150 million in Perth. The current cold attributable fraction in Sydney (23.7%) and Perth (11.2%) is estimated to decline by the middle of this century to (18.1-20.1%) and (5.1-6.6%), respectively, while the heat-attributable fraction for respiratory disease is expected to gradually increase from 2.6% up to 5.5% in Perth. Limitations of this study should be noted, such as lacking information on individual-level exposures, local air pollution levels, and other behavioral risks, which is common in such ecological studies. Nonetheless, this study found both cold and hot temperatures increased the overall hospitalization costs for respiratory diseases, although the attributable fractions varied. The largest contributor was cold temperatures. While respiratory disease hospitalization costs will increase in the future, climate change may result in a decrease in the cold attributable fraction and an increase in the heat attributable fraction, depending on the location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tong
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Berhanu Wondmagegn
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Alana Hansen
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Blesson Varghese
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jianguo Xiao
- Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6004, Australia
| | - Le Jian
- Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6004, Australia
| | - Benjamin Scalley
- Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6004, Australia
| | - Monika Nitschke
- Department of Health, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - John Nairn
- Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QL 4000, Australia
| | - Jonathan Karnon
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8313-3583
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Akan AP. Transmission of COVID-19 pandemic (Turkey) associated with short-term exposure of air quality and climatological parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41695-41712. [PMID: 35098452 PMCID: PMC8801283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate associations between air pollution, climate parameters, and the diffusion of COVID-19-confirmed cases in Turkey using Spearman's correlation test as an empirical methodology by Statgraphics Centurion XVI (version 16.1) and to determine the risk factors accelerating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study demonstrates the strong impacts of air pollutants and weather conditions on the transmission of COVID-19 morbidity. Particularly, O3 and PM10 from air quality parameters exhibited the strongest correlation with the number of daily cases in Kütahya (rs = -0.62; p < 0.05) and Sivas (rs = -0.62; p < 0.05) provinces, respectively. In meteorological parameters, rainfall showed the highest impact (rs = 0.76; p < 0.05) on the number of daily COVID-19 cases in Denizli distinct. Moreover, this study suggested that the diffusion of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in regions with high levels of air pollution and low wind speed is dominant. To prevent the negative effects of the future pandemic crisis on public health and economic systems, manifold implications to encourage strategies to reduce air pollution in the polluted region such as being prevalent the usage of renewable energy technologies in particular electricity generation and sustainable policies such as improving the health system should be implemented by decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aytac Perihan Akan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Cheng CG, Chen YH, Yen SY, Lin HC, Lin HC, Chou KR, Cheng CA. Air Pollution Exposure and the Relative Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Taipei. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6144. [PMID: 35627680 PMCID: PMC9141287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The etiologies of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) remain unclear. The level of mean particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) was not associated with SSHL, but the maximum PM2.5 level exhibited a negative association with SSHL in Korea. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 2 weeks increased the risk of SSHL. The lag effects of SSHL after air pollution exposure were limited. We aimed to evaluate the association of SSHL with air pollution exposure to determine whether air pollution exposure caused delayed effects. (2) Methods: This observational study used inpatient data obtained from electronic health records at the Tri-Service General Hospital from 2011 to 2019. The data of all SSHL patients were retrieved. The air quality dataset from Songshan station from 2011 to 2019 was used. The main outcomes were the relative risks (RRs) of SSHL associated with PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposures within 1 month. The relationships between these factors were examined using distributed lag nonlinear time series models. (3) Results: The RR of SSHL associated with PM2.5 exposure was 1.195 (95% confidence interval (C.I.: 1.047-1.363) for a 10 unit increase at a lag of 7 days. The RR of SSHL associated with O3 exposure was 1.14 (95% C.I.: 1.003-1.3) for a 10 unit increase at a lag of 9 days. The RR of SSHL associated with NO2 exposure was 1.284 (95% C.I.: 1.05-1.57) for a 10 unit increase at a lag of 23 days. (4) Conclusions: In our study, SSHL was confirmed to be associated with air pollution exposure with a lag effect. We discussed possible mechanisms to explore possible biological hypotheses and support further research. Large-scale studies including participants with other ethnicities and causal relationships are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Gu Cheng
- Department of Emergency, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, Taiwan;
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Emergency Department, Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, Taiwan;
| | - Shang-Yih Yen
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Chen Lin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (K.-R.C.)
| | - Hung-Che Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-C.L.); (K.-R.C.)
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 23561, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Dong J, Wang J, Bao H, Zhai G. Association between air pollution and emergency department visits for upper respiratory tract infection inLanzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:28816-28828. [PMID: 34989991 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is limited evidence regarding the associations between air pollution and emergency hospital visits for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in the arid regions of northwest China. We collected daily emergency department (ED) visits for URTI from three hospitals in Lanzhou during January 2014 and December 2018, as well as daily air pollutants and meteorological factors. In the present study, generalized additive model with quasi-Poisson regression was used to evaluate the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient pollutants and daily emergency hospital visits for URTI in Lanzhou, China. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted by gender (male and female), age (0-14, 15-64, and ≥ 65 years)), and season (cold season, warm season). The results of the single-pollutant model show that the associations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO with URTI ED visits were all statistically significant, whereas we observed insignificant associations of O38h. The highest association of each pollutant with hospital emergency visits was observed with PM2.5 (5.302% (95% CI: 3.202, 7.445)), PM10 (0.808% (95% CI: 0.291, 1.328)), SO2 (10.607% (95% CI: 5.819, 15.611)), and NO2 (5.325% (95% CI: 2.379, 8.357)) at lag 07 for an increase of 10 ug/m3 in concentrations of the pollutants. Percentage increase for each 1-mg/m3 increase in CO was 20.799% (95% CI: 11.834, 30.482) at lag 07. In the stratification analyses, females were more susceptible to PM2.5 and PM10, while males were more sensitive to the effects of SO2, NO2, and CO, and the higher association effect of four pollutants (PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO) on hospital visits for URTI among children (0-14 years). The associations appeared to be stronger in the cool season than in the warm season. This study suggests that short-term exposure to air pollution, especially to SO2 and CO, was associated with increased risk of hospital emergency visits for URTI in Lanzhou, China. Relevant strategies and health interventions should be strengthened to reduce the air pollution level in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Liu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Bao
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guangyu Zhai
- School of Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
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10
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Li Y, Li C, Liu J, Meng C, Xu C, Liu Z, Wang Q, Liu Y, Han J, Xu D. An association between PM 2.5 and pediatric respiratory outpatient visits in four Chinese cities. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130843. [PMID: 34162098 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) on children's respiratory system were investigated in numerous epidemiological literatures. However, studies on the association between PM2.5 and pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, especially considering the multicenter studies were limited in China. OBJECTIVES To study the association between the short-term exposure to PM2.5 and the number of children's outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in four Chinese cities as well as the pooled health effects. METHODS Data of pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases (RD, ICD: J00-J99) from representative hospitals in Shijiazhuang (SJZ), Xi'an (XA), Nanjing (NJ) and Guangzhou (GZ) in China from 2015 to 2018 were collected and the air quality data for the same period were collected from environmental protection departments. Generalized additive model (GAM) with quasi-Poisson regression was conducted to analyze the effects of PM2.5 on the number of pediatric outpatient visits in each city. Single-day lag model (lag0 to lag7) and moving average lag model (lag01 and lag07) were used to examine the lag effects and cumulative effects. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the estimated risks of four cities. The interactions between PM2.5 and temperature were also explored. RESULTS The average daily/total outpatient visits for RD, in SJZ, XA, NJ and GZ from 2015 to 2018 were 854.2/1,245,384, 2353.9/3,439,025, 1267.2/1,851,438 and 1399.5/2,044,740 respectively. The percentages of acute upper respiratory infections (URD, ICD: J00-J06) and other acute lower respiratory infections (LRD, ICD: J20-J22) in RD were 33%, 13% (SJZ), 43%, 32% (XA), 26%, 21% (NJ) and 54%, 26% (GZ). The largest pooled estimates of single-day lag effects for RD, URD, and LRD were at lag0, lag0 and lag1. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 0.46% (95%CI: 0.21%-0.70%), 0.50% (95%CI: 0.19%-0.81%) and 0.42% (95%CI: 0.06%-0.79%) increased number of outpatient visits significantly. While max cumulative effects which were all at lag 07 were 1.10% (95%CI: 0.46%-1.74%), 0.96% (95%CI: 0.20%-1.73%) and 1.06% (95%CI: 0.12%-2.00%). Less polluted cities (GZ and NJ) showed greater city-specific excess risks, but the excess risks significantly decreased after adjusting for NO2 in two-pollutant models. Generally, PM2.5 showed larger health hazards on lower temperature days. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that exposure to the ambient PM2.5 was associated with the increase of the number of outpatient visits with pediatric respiratory diseases in four Chinese cities. The health effects of PM2.5 may not be independent of other air pollutants and could be modified by temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Congshen Meng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Chunyu Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Qin Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Yue Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Jingxiu Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
| | - Dongqun Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
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Wang ZB, Ren L, Lu QB, Zhang XA, Miao D, Hu YY, Dai K, Li H, Luo ZX, Fang LQ, Liu EM, Liu W. The Impact of Weather and Air Pollution on Viral Infection and Disease Outcome Among Pediatric Pneumonia Patients in Chongqing, China, from 2009 to 2018: A Prospective Observational Study. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e513-e522. [PMID: 32668459 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For pediatric pneumonia, the meteorological and air pollution indicators have been frequently investigated for their association with viral circulation but not for their impact on disease severity. METHODS We performed a 10-year prospective, observational study in 1 hospital in Chongqing, China, to recruit children with pneumonia. Eight commonly seen respiratory viruses were tested. Autoregressive distributed lag (ADL) and random forest (RF) models were used to fit monthly detection rates of each virus at the population level and to predict the possibility of severe pneumonia at the individual level, respectively. RESULTS Between 2009 and 2018, 6611 pediatric pneumonia patients were included, and 4846 (73.3%) tested positive for at least 1 respiratory virus. The patient median age was 9 months (interquartile range, 4‒20). ADL models demonstrated a decent fitting of detection rates of R2 > 0.7 for respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, and human metapneumovirus. Based on the RF models, the area under the curve for host-related factors alone was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], .87‒.89) and 0.86 (95% CI, .85‒.88) for meteorological and air pollution indicators alone and 0.62 (95% CI, .60‒.63) for viral infections alone. The final model indicated that 9 weather and air pollution indicators were important determinants of severe pneumonia, with a relative contribution of 62.53%, which is significantly higher than respiratory viral infections (7.36%). CONCLUSIONS Meteorological and air pollution predictors contributed more to severe pneumonia in children than did respiratory viruses. These meteorological data could help predict times when children would be at increased risk for severe pneumonia and when interventions, such as reducing outdoor activities, may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Wang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Miao
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Dai
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Xiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - En-Mei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Sahoo MM. Significance between air pollutants, meteorological factors, and COVID-19 infections: probable evidences in India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40474-40495. [PMID: 33638789 PMCID: PMC7912974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease represents the causative agent with a potentially fatal risk which is having great global human health concern. Earlier studies suggested that air pollutants and meteorological factors were considered as the risk factors for acute respiratory infection, which carries harmful pathogens and affects the immunity. The study intended to explore the correlation between air pollutants, meteorological factors, and the daily reported infected cases caused by novel coronavirus in India. The daily positive infected cases, concentrations of air pollutants, and meteorological factors in 288 districts were collected from January 30, 2020, to April 23, 2020, in India. Spearman's correlation and generalized additive model (GAM) were applied to investigate the correlations of four air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2) and eight meteorological factors (Temp, DTR, RH, AH, AP, RF, WS, and WD) with COVID-19-infected cases. The study indicated that a 10 μg/m3 increase during (Lag0-14) in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 resulted in 2.21% (95%CI: 1.13 to 3.29), 2.67% (95% CI: 0.33 to 5.01), and 4.56 (95% CI: 2.22 to 6.90) increase in daily counts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19)-infected cases respectively. However, only 1 unit increase in meteorological factor levels in case of daily mean temperature and DTR during (Lag0-14) associated with 3.78% (95%CI: 1.81 to 5.75) and 1.82% (95% CI: -1.74 to 5.38) rise of COVID-19-infected cases respectively. In addition, SO2 and relative humidity were negatively associated with COVID-19-infected cases at Lag0-14 with decrease of 7.23% (95% CI: -10.99 to -3.47) and 1.11% (95% CI: -3.45 to 1.23) for SO2 and for relative humidity respectively. The study recommended that there are significant correlations between air pollutants and meteorological factors with COVID-19-infected cases, which substantially explain the effect of national lockdown and suggested positive implications for control and prevention of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunmayee Manjari Sahoo
- Domain of Environmental and Water Resources Engg, SCE, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
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13
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Lu J, Yang Z, Karawita AC, Bunte M, Chew KY, Pegg C, Mackay I, Whiley D, Short KR. Limited evidence for the role of environmental factors in the unusual peak of influenza in Brisbane during the 2018-2019 Australian summer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145967. [PMID: 33640553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the contribution of environmental factors in the unusual pattern of influenza activity observed in Brisbane, Australia during the summer of 2018-2019. METHODS Distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs) were used to estimate the effect of environmental factors on weekly influenza incidence in Brisbane. Next generation sequencing was then employed to analyze minor and majority variants in influenza strains isolated from Brisbane children during this period. RESULTS There were limited marked differences in the environmental factors observed in Brisbane between the 2018-2019 summer period and the same period of the proceeding years, with the exception of significant reduction in rainfall. DLNM showed that reduced rainfall in Brisbane (at levels consistent with the 2018-2019 period) correlated with a dramatic increase in the relative risk of influenza. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels were also increased in the 2018-2019 period, although these levels did not correlate with an increased risk of influenza. Sequencing of a limited number of pediatric influenza virus strains isolated during the 2018-2019 showed numerous mutations within the viral HA. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data suggest a limited role for key environmental factors in the influenza activity observed in Brisbane, Australia during the summer of 2018-2019. One alternative explanation may that viral factors, in addition to other factors not studied herein, contributed to the unusual influenza season. Our findings provide fundamental information that may be beneficial to a better understanding of the seasonal trends of influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Lu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510440, China
| | - Anjana C Karawita
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Myrna Bunte
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Keng Yih Chew
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cassandra Pegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ian Mackay
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Whiley
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Australia and Pathology Queensland Central Laboratory, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kirsty R Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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14
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Air Pollution Increases the Incidence of Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms among Polish Children. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102150. [PMID: 34065636 PMCID: PMC8156299 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of airway disease’s global burden is attributable to exposure to air pollution. This study aimed to investigate the association between air pollution, assessed as concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 on the upper respiratory tract symptoms (URTS) in children. A nation-wide, questionnaire-based study was conducted in Poland in winter 2018/2019 in a population of 1475 children, comparing URTS throughout the study period with publicly available data on airborne particulate matter. A general regression model was used to evaluate the lag effects between daily changes in PM10 and PM2.5 and the number of children reporting URTS and their severity. PM10 and PM2.5 in the single-pollutant models had significant effects on the number of children reporting URTS. The prevalence of URTS: “runny nose”, “sneezing” and “cough” was positively associated with 12-week mean PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. In the locations with the highest average concentration of PM, the symptoms of runny nose, cough and sneezing were increased by 10%, 9% and 11%, respectively, compared to the cities with the lowest PM concentrations. This study showed that moderate-term exposure (12 week observation period) to air pollution was associated with an increased risk of URTS among children aged 3–12 years in Poland. These findings may influence public debate and future policy at the national and international levels to improve air quality in cities and improve children’s health.
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15
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Kim SY, Min C, Yoo DM, Park B, Choi HG. Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Epiglottitis: A Nested Case-Control Study. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:2483-2489. [PMID: 33830515 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS This study investigated the impacts of air pollution and meteorological factors on the occurrence of epiglottitis. STUDY DESIGN A nested case-control study. METHODS Participants ≥40 years old in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort were analyzed. A total of 2,615 epiglottitis patients and 10,460 matched control participants were analyzed. The odds ratios (ORs) for epiglottitis associated with meteorological and air pollution factors, including sulfur dioxide (SO2 , ppb), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 , ppb), ozone (O3 , ppb), and carbon monoxide (CO, ppm), after 3, 7, 15, and 30 days of exposure were analyzed using conditional logistic regression adjusted for total cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, prior upper respiratory infection, tonsillectomy, immunocompromise, autoimmune disease, and the Charlson comorbidity index. RESULTS The daily temperature range and NO2 exposure after 3 days were associated with increased rates of epiglottitis (OR = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-1.05 for temperature range and OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14-2.77 for NO2 , respectively). These results were generally consistent at 7, 15, and 30 days. CONCLUSIONS The temperature range and NO2 exposure for 3, 7, 15, and 30 days were positively related to the occurrence of adult epiglottitis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.,Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Myoung Yoo
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Bumjung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
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16
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Cheng J, Su H, Xu Z. Intraday effects of outdoor air pollution on acute upper and lower respiratory infections in Australian children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115698. [PMID: 33049483 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Children's respiratory health are particularly vulnerable to outdoor air pollution, but evidence is lacking on the very acute effects of air pollution on the risk of acute upper respiratory infections (AURI) and acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of cause-specific AURI and ALRI, in children within 24 h of exposure to air pollution. We obtained data on emergency cases, including 11,091 AURI cases (acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, acute obstructive laryngitis and epiglottitis, and unspecified acute upper respiratory infections) and 11,401 ALRI cases (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, unspecified acute lower respiratory infection) in Brisbane, Australia, 2013-2015. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis was used to examine the hourly association of AURI and ALRI with high concentration (95th percentile) of four air pollutants (particulate matters with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2)). We observed increased risk of acute tonsillitis associated with PM2.5 within 13-24 h (odds ratio (OR), 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.06) and increased risk of unspecified acute upper respiratory infections related to O3 within 2-6 h (OR, 1.38, 95%CI, 1.12-1.70), NO2 within 1 h (OR, 1.19; 95%CI, 1.01-1.40), and PM2.5 within 7-12 h (OR, 1.21; 95%CI, 1.02-1.43). Cold season and nigh-time air pollution has greater effects on AURI, whereas greater risk of ALRI was seen in warm season and daytime. Our findings suggest exposures to particulate and gaseous air pollution may transiently increase risk of AURI and ALRI in children within 24 h. Prevention measures aimed at protecting children's respiratory health should consider the very acute effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Zeng W, Zhao H, Liu R, Yan W, Qiu Y, Yang F, Shu C, Zhan Y. Association between NO 2 cumulative exposure and influenza prevalence in mountainous regions: A case study from southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109926. [PMID: 32980014 PMCID: PMC7354378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While accumulating evidence shows that air pollution exposure is an important risk factor to influenza prevalence, their association has been inadequately investigated in mountainous regions with dense populations and high humidity. We aim to estimate the association and exposure-outcome effects between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and influenza prevalence in a mountainous region with a dense population and high humidity. We investigated 14,993 patients with confirmed influenza cases from January 2013 to December 2017 in Chongqing, a mountainous city in southwest China. We developed distributed lag non-linear models with quasi-Poisson link to take into account the lag and non-linear effects of NO2 exposure on influenza prevalence. We estimated that the cumulative effect of a 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 with seven-day lag (i.e., summing all the contributions up to seven days) corresponded to relative risk of 1.24 (95% CI: 1.17-1.31) in daily influenza prevalence. Comparing to annual mean of the World Health Organization air quality guidelines of 40 μg/m3 for NO2, we estimated that 14.01% (95% CI: 10.69-17.08%) of the influenza cases were attributable to excessive NO2 exposure. Our results suggest that NO2 exposure could worsen the risk of influenza infection in this mountainous city, filling the gap of relevant researches in densely populated and mountainous cities. Our findings provide evidence for developing influenza surveillance and early warning systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Fumo Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
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18
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Kim SY, Kong IG, Min C, Choi HG. Association of Air Pollution With Increased Risk of Peritonsillar Abscess Formation. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 145:530-535. [PMID: 31021373 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Several studies reported an association between peritonsillar abscess formation and climate conditions, including seasonal changes; however, the results were inconsistent. Objective To evaluate the association between meteorological conditions and/or air pollution and peritonsillar abscess formation. Design, Setting, and Participants In this nested case-control study, 3819 participants with peritonsillar abscesses were matched (1:4) for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia with 15 276 control participants. The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Sample Cohort (HIRA-NSC) data from 2002 through 2013 were used. Exposures and Main Outcomes and Measures The meteorological data included the mean daily temperature (°C), highest daily temperature (°C), lowest daily temperature (°C), daily temperature difference (°C), relative humidity (%), spot atmospheric pressure (hPa), sulfur dioxide ([SO2], parts per million [ppm]), nitrogen dioxide (NO2, ppm), ozone (O3, ppm), carbon monoxide (CO, ppm), and particulate matter less than 10 μg (PM10, μg/m3) for the previous 14 days, 10 days, 7 days, 5 days, or 3 days before the matched index date. These factors were measured in 94 or 273 locations hourly. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of meteorological data for peritonsillar abscess formation were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age and sex. Results The male to female ratio of study participants was 1.43 (11 260 to 7835). Because the age groups were classified using 5-year intervals, the mean age could not be defined. The mean differences of NO2 and PM10 concentrations for the 14 days between peritonsillar abscess group and control group were 1.78 ppb (95% CI, 1.47-2.09) and 1.33 μg/m3 (95% CI, 0.67-1.99), respectively. The aORs of NO2 (0.1 ppm) and PM10 (10 μg/m3) during the 14 days prior to the index date for peritonsillar abscess formation were 12.8 (95% CI, 8.4-19.5) and 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.06), respectively. The other meteorological conditions did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions and Relevance Peritonsillar abscess formation was associated with high concentrations of NO2 and PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Il Gyu Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.,Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Li H, Xu XL, Dai DW, Huang ZY, Ma Z, Guan YJ. Air pollution and temperature are associated with increased COVID-19 incidence: A time series study. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 97:278-282. [PMID: 32502664 PMCID: PMC7266595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Air quality is tightly associated with COVID-19 transmission. PM2.5 and NO2 strongly promote COVID-19 transmission. Temperature is inversely associated with COVID-19 transmission.
Objectives Although COVID-19 is known to be caused by human-to-human transmission, it remains largely unclear whether ambient air pollutants and meteorological parameters could promote its transmission. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to study whether air quality index (AQI), four ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and CO) and five meteorological variables (daily temperature, highest temperature, lowest temperature, temperature difference and sunshine duration) could increase COVID-19 incidence in Wuhan and XiaoGan between Jan 26th to Feb 29th in 2020. Results First, a significant correlation was found between COVID-19 incidence and AQI in both Wuhan (R2 = 0.13, p < 0.05) and XiaoGan (R2 = 0.223, p < 0.01). Specifically, among four pollutants, COVID-19 incidence was prominently correlated with PM2.5 and NO2 in both cities. In Wuhan, the tightest correlation was observed between NO2 and COVID-19 incidence (R2 = 0.329, p < 0.01). In XiaoGan, in addition to the PM2.5 (R2 = 0.117, p < 0.01) and NO2 (R2 = 0.015, p < 0.05), a notable correlation was also observed between the PM10 and COVID-19 incidence (R2 = 0.105, p < 0.05). Moreover, temperature is the only meteorological parameter that constantly correlated well with COVID-19 incidence in both Wuhan and XiaoGan, but in an inverse correlation (p < 0.05). Conclusions AQI, PM2.5, NO2, and temperature are four variables that could promote the sustained transmission of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110801, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Long Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Hai Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 168 Chang Hai Rd, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Da-Wei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 415 Feng Yang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital Affiliated to China Second Military Medical University, 415 Feng Yang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110801, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan-Jun Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 149 Chong Qing Rd, Shanghai 200020, China.
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Kim J, Lee JY. Synoptic approach to evaluate the effect of temperature on pediatric respiratory disease-related hospitalization in Seoul, Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108650. [PMID: 31450148 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spatial synoptic classification (SSC) scheme is a daily weather-type classification scheme that is widely used in climatological and epidemiological investigations. We investigated the modification effect of temperature on respiratory disease-related hospital admissions (RAs) in children based on the SSC type. METHODS Data on RAs among children aged ≤19 years were collected from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database between 2011 and 2015 in Seoul, Korea. In this time-series study, we used Poisson generalized linear models allowing for over-dispersion, with stratification by season and each of the seven distinctive SSC types (Dry moderate [DM], Dry polar [DP], Dry tropical [DT], Moist moderate [MM], Moist polar [MP], Moist tropical [MT], and Transition [T]). We investigated the modification effects of temperature by SSC type through seasonal stratification, adjusting for other meteorological conditions, air pollution, and time trends, and considered the delayed effect for up to four consecutive days. We reported the relative risk percentage change with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of RAs for every 1 °C increase in ambient temperature, by season and SSC type. RESULTS Of the 8346 RAs overall investigated between 2011 and 2015, there were 5271 [63.2%] RAs in children aged 0-4 years. Overall, on majority of the days, the SSC types were DM (665 days [36.4%]), and DP (371 days [20.3%]). With regard to seasons, the different SSC types were distributed as follows: spring, DM (193 days [42.0%]); summer, MT (193 days [42.0%]); fall, DM (241 days [53.0%]); and winter, DP (228 days [50.6%]). A stronger association between RAs and temperature was observed overall (1.28% [95% CI; 0.04%, 2.53%]), and in spring (2.10% [0.62%, 3.60%]). According to SSC type, increased associations between RAs and temperature were detected with DM (2.20% [0.47%, 3.97%]) condition during spring and DT (2.41% [0.22%, 4.64%]) during fall. In addition, on re-categorizing the SSC types from a temperature or humidity standpoint, a modified association was observed especially in children aged ≤4 years and 5-9 years during spring. CONCLUSIONS Using temperature variability to distinguish seasonal characteristics, we found that the relationship between temperature and RAs in children varied by SSC type. Application of the SSC scheme as an integrative approach may assist in gaining an understanding of seasonal characteristics and health effects due to temperature change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeun Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University (SMG-SNU) Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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The short-term effects of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Jinan, China. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1319. [PMID: 31638933 PMCID: PMC6805627 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is valid evidence that air pollution is associated with respiratory disease. However, few studies have quantified the short-term effects of six air pollutants on influenza-like illness (ILI). This study explores the potential relationship between air pollutants and ILI in Jinan, China. Methods Daily data on the concentration of particulate matters < 2.5 μm (PM 2.5), particulate matters < 10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) and ILI counts from 2016 to 2017 were retrieved. The wavelet coherence analysis and generalized poisson additive regression model were employed to qualify the relationship between air pollutants and ILI risk. The effects of air pollutants on different age groups were investigated. Results A total of 81,459 ILI counts were collected, and the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, O3, CO, SO2 and NO2 were 67.8 μg/m3, 131.76 μg/ m3, 109.85 μg/ m3, 1133 μg/ m3, 33.06 μg/ m3 and 44.38 μg/ m3, respectively. A 10 μg/ m3 increase in concentration of PM2.5, PM10, CO at lag0 and SO2 at lag01, was positively associated with a 1.0137 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0083–1.0192), 1.0074 (95% CI: 1.0041–1.0107), 1.0288 (95% CI: 1.0127–1.0451), and 1.0008 (95% CI: 1.0003–1.0012) of the relative risk (RR) of ILI, respectively. While, O3 (lag5) was negatively associated with ILI (RR 0.9863; 95%CI: 0.9787–0.9939), and no significant association was observed with NO2, which can increase the incidence of ILI in the two-pollutant model. A short-term delayed impact of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 at lag02 and CO, O3 at lag05 was also observed. People aged 25–59, 5–14 and 0–4 were found to be significantly susceptible to PM2.5, PM10, CO; and all age groups were significantly susceptible to SO2; People aged ≥60 year, 5–14 and 0–4 were found to be significantly negative associations with O3. Conclusion Air pollutants, especially PM2.5, PM10, CO and SO2, can increase the risk of ILI in Jinan. The government should create regulatory policies to reduce the level of air pollutants and remind people to practice preventative and control measures to decrease the incidence of ILI on pollution days.
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Wang J, Cao H, Sun D, Qi Z, Guo C, Peng W, Sun Y, Xie Y, Liu X, Li B, Luo Y, Pan Y, Li Y, Zhang L. Associations between ambient air pollution and mortality from all causes, pneumonia, and congenital heart diseases among children aged under 5 years in Beijing, China: A population-based time series study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108531. [PMID: 31226628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have mainly focused on the associations between particulate matters and infant mortality. However, evidence regarding the associations between gaseous pollutants and mortality among children aged <5 years remains sparse. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between ambient air pollution and death among children aged <5 years in Beijing, China, and explore the impact of age, gender and specific causes of death on these associations. METHODS Concentrations of ambient air pollution and the number of deaths among children aged <5 years in Beijing from January 2014 to September 2016 were extracted from authoritative electronic databases. The associations were estimated for a single-month lag from the current month up to the previous 5 months (lag0-lag5) and moving averages of the current and previous months (lag01-lag05) using generalized additive Poisson regression (adjusted for time trends, season, meteorological variables and holidays). Subgroup analyses related to age, gender and specific diseases were performed. Two-pollutant models were used to evaluate the possible role of single pollutants. RESULTS Sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) demonstrated the strongest associations with death among children aged <5 years at lag0, and the estimates decreased or even turned negative with the increasing lag periods. For an interquartile range increase in SO2, NO2 and CO at lag0, the odds ratios (OR) were 1.332 (95% CI 1.152-1.539), 1.383 (95% CI 1.113-1.718) and 1.273 (95% CI 1.028-1.575). However, CO lost significance after adjusting for SO2 and NO2, and PM2.5 gained significance (OR 1.548, 95% CI 1.061-2.258) after adjusting for PM10. The ORs for SO2 and NO2 remained the most stable across all two-pollutant models. The associations for children aged 1-5 years were stronger than those reported for infants at lag0 but lower at the other lag months. The pollutant associations were stronger for congenital heart disease-related death than overall and pneumonia-related death. We did not find significant differences in terms of gender. CONCLUSION Exposure to air pollution may increase the incidence of death among children aged <5 years. SO2 and NO2 may be the most stable pollutants reflecting associations between air pollution and death, deserving further attention. Children with congenital heart diseases are more susceptible to air pollution. Therefore, it is urgent to implement the clean air targets established by WHO and reduce the exposure of children to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Children's Health Care, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 251, Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dianqin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zifan Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chunyue Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wenjuan Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunyi Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Bingxiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanxia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Children's Health Care, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 251, Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Children's Health Care, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 251, Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, No. 10, Xi Toutiao You Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Liu J, Li Y, Li J, Liu Y, Tao N, Song W, Cui L, Li H. Association between ambient PM 2.5 and children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Jinan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24112-24120. [PMID: 31228058 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To determine the association between daily air pollution and the hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children aged from 0 to 17 years in Jinan, China. Generalized linear models were used to explore the acute effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on the children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. We evaluated the lag associations (including lag 0 to lag 3, lag 01, and lag 03) between daily PM2.5 and the number of children's hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, and stratified by gender, age group (baby group: age 0-1 years; child group: age 1-5 years; student group: age 6-17 years), and cause-specific disease (including upper infection, pneumonia, and acute bronchitis) during 2011-2015. PM2.5 had significant positive impacts on the number of children's hospital admissions for respiratory disease. The results showed that per 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 at lag 1 was associated with an increase in total and male hospital admissions of 0.23% (95% CI, 0.02%-0.45%) and 0.32% (95% CI, 0.04%-0.06%). The corresponding risk of the student group (age 6-17 years) hospital admissions was increased 0.90% (95% CI, 0.39%-1.42%) at lag 1 day. The corresponding risk of the upper infection was increased 0.96% (95% CI, 0.37-1.55%) at lag 1 day. Males and student groups (age 6-17 years) were more vulnerable to PM2.5 exposure. Upper infection admission was identified as the sensitive disease for children. It is a better way to reduce children's outdoor activities to avoid health effects when the air pollution increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Jun Li
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Ningning Tao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wanmei Song
- School of medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Liangliang Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Huaichen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, Shandong, China.
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Air pollution increases the risk of SSNHL: A nested case-control study using meteorological data and national sample cohort data. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8270. [PMID: 31164673 PMCID: PMC6547844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of weather conditions and air pollution on the onset of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service - National Sample Cohort (HIRA-NSC) from 2002 through 2013 was used. A total of 5,200 participants with SSNHL were matched 1:4 for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia with 20,800 control participants. Meteorological data included daily mean temperature (°C), daily highest temperature (°C), daily lowest temperature (°C), daily temperature difference (°C), relative humidity (%), ambient atmospheric pressure (hPa), pressure, SO2 (ppm), NO2 (ppm), O3 (ppm), CO (ppm), and PM10 (μg/m3) of a mean of 60 days, 30 days, 14 days, 7 days, and 3 days before SSNHL were analyzed. Hourly measurements were taken from 94 places to assess the temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure and from 273 places to determine SO2, NO2, O3, CO, and PM10. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of meteorological data for SSNHL were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age and sex. The mean NO2 and O3 concentrations 14 days before the index date were different in the SSNHL group compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001 for NO2 and P = 0.021 for O3). The adjusted 14-day OR for NO2 (0.1 ppm) exposure was 3.12 in the SSNHL group compared to that in the control group (95% CI = 2.16–4.49, P < 0.001). The increased odds of NO2 exposure for 14 days in the SSNHL group persisted in the age group older than 30 years for both sexes. Other meteorological conditions did not show differences between the SSNHL and control groups. SSNHL was associated with high concentrations of NO2.
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Jennings L, Huang QS, Barr I, Lee PI, Kim WJ, Buchy P, Sanicas M, Mungall BA, Chen J. Literature review of the epidemiology of influenza B disease in 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018; 12:383-411. [PMID: 29127742 PMCID: PMC5907823 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza control strategies focus on the use of trivalent influenza vaccines containing two influenza A virus subtypes and one of the two circulating influenza type B lineages (Yamagata or Victoria). Mismatches between the vaccine B lineage and the circulating lineage have been regularly documented in many countries, including those in the Asia‐Pacific region. We conducted a literature review with the aim of understanding the relative circulation of influenza B viruses in Asia‐Pacific countries. PubMed and Western Pacific Region Index Medicus were searched for relevant articles on influenza type B published since 1990 in English language for 15 Asia‐Pacific countries. Gray literature was also accessed. From 4834 articles identified, 121 full‐text articles were analyzed. Influenza was reported as an important cause of morbidity in the Asia‐Pacific region, affecting all age groups. In all 15 countries, influenza B was identified and associated with between 0% and 92% of laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases in any one season/year. Influenza type B appeared to cause more illness in children aged between 1 and 10 years than in other age groups. Epidemiological data for the two circulating influenza type B lineages remain limited in several countries in the Asia‐Pacific, although the co‐circulation of both lineages was seen in countries where strain surveillance data were available. Mismatches between circulating B lineages and vaccine strains were observed in all countries with available data. The data suggest that a shift from trivalent to quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccines could provide additional benefits by providing broader protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance Jennings
- Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Qiu Sue Huang
- WHO National Influenza Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Porirua, New Zealand
| | - Ian Barr
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ping-Ing Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Li Y, Xiao C, Li J, Tang J, Geng X, Cui L, Zhai J. Association between air pollution and upper respiratory tract infection in hospital outpatients aged 0–14 years in Hefei, China: a time series study. Public Health 2018; 156:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu Y, Xie S, Yu Q, Huo X, Ming X, Wang J, Zhou Y, Peng Z, Zhang H, Cui X, Xiang H, Huang X, Zhou T, Chen W, Shi T. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Yichang city, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 227:116-124. [PMID: 28458242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that short-term exposure to ambient air pollution was associated with pediatric hospital admissions and emergency room visits for certain respiratory diseases; however, there is limited evidence on the association between short-term air pollution exposure and pediatric outpatient visits. Our aim was to quantitatively assess the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. We conducted a time-series study in Yichang city, China between Jan 1, 2014 and Dec 31, 2015. Daily counts of pediatric respiratory outpatient visits were collected from 3 large hospitals, and then linked with air pollution data from 5 air quality monitoring stations by date. We used generalized additive Poisson models to conduct linear and nonlinear exposure-response analyses between air pollutant exposures and pediatric respiratory outpatient visits, adjusting for seasonality, day of week, public holiday, temperature, and relative humidity. Each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 (lag 0), PM10 (lag 0), NO2 (lag 0), CO (lag 0), and O3 (lag 4) concentrations was significantly associated with a 1.91% (95% CI: 0.60%, 3.23%), 2.46% (1.09%, 3.85%), 1.88% (0.49%, 3.29%), 2.00% (0.43%, 3.59%), and 1.91% (0.45%, 3.39%) increase of pediatric respiratory outpatient visits, respectively. Similarly, the nonlinear exposure-response analyses showed monotonic increases of pediatric respiratory outpatient visits by increasing air pollutant exposures, though the associations for NO2 and CO attenuated at higher concentrations. These associations were unlikely modified by season. We did not observe significant association for SO2 exposure. Our results suggest that short-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, and O3 may account for increased risk of pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, and emphasize the needs for reduction of air pollutant exposures for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xixiang Huo
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ming
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuqing Cui
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiji Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingming Shi
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Tian DD, Jiang R, Chen XJ, Ye Q. Meteorological factors on the incidence of MP and RSV pneumonia in children. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173409. [PMID: 28282391 PMCID: PMC5345804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pneumonia is common in children and mostly caused by many pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia was associated with meteorological factors in Hangzhou, China. Methods A total of 36500 pneumonia patients were recruited to participate in the study. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for the detection of MP and RSV using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) assays, respectively. We used a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to evaluate the correlations between the MP/RSV incidence and meteorological factors. Results The detection rates of MP and RSV were 18.4% and 10.4%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between temperature and the MP infection rate, but RSV infection rate was negatively associated with temperature. Moreover, the impact of temperature on infection with RSV presented evident lag and cumulative effects. There was also an evident lag effect of temperature on the infection rate of MP; however, there was no evident cumulative effect. Conclusions In this study, the results showed meteorological factors play an important role in the incidence of these two pathogens. All these results can provide the laboratory basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-dan Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children´s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children´s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-jun Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children´s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children´s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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He MZ, Zeng X, Zhang K, Kinney PL. Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations in Urban Chinese Cities, 2005-2016: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020191. [PMID: 28216601 PMCID: PMC5334745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Particulate matter pollution has become a growing health concern over the past few decades globally. The problem is especially evident in China, where particulate matter levels prior to 2013 are publically unavailable. We conducted a systematic review of scientific literature that reported fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in different regions of China from 2005 to 2016. Methods: We searched for English articles in PubMed and Embase and for Chinese articles in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). We evaluated the studies overall and categorized the collected data into six geographical regions and three economic regions. Results: The mean (SD) PM2.5 concentration, weighted by the number of sampling days, was 60.64 (33.27) μg/m³ for all geographic regions and 71.99 (30.20) μg/m³ for all economic regions. A one-way ANOVA shows statistically significant differences in PM2.5 concentrations between the various geographic regions (F = 14.91, p < 0.0001) and the three economic regions (F = 4.55, p = 0.01). Conclusions: This review identifies quantifiable differences in fine particulate matter concentrations across regions of China. The highest levels of fine particulate matter were found in the northern and northwestern regions and especially Beijing. The high percentage of data points exceeding current federal regulation standards suggests that fine particulate matter pollution remains a huge problem for China. As pre-2013 emissions data remain largely unavailable, we hope that the data aggregated from this systematic review can be incorporated into current and future models for more accurate historical PM2.5 estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Z He
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Xiange Zeng
- Program in Public Health Studies, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
- Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Patrick L Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MD 02118, USA.
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Ye Q, Fu JF, Mao JH, Shang SQ. Haze is a risk factor contributing to the rapid spread of respiratory syncytial virus in children. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:20178-20185. [PMID: 27439752 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children was associated with ambient temperature and air pollutants in Hangzhou, China. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the effects of daily meteorological data and air pollutants on the incidence of RSV infection among children. A total of 3650 childhood RSV infection cases were included in the study. The highest air pollutant concentrations were in January to May and October to December during the year. The yearly RSV-positive rate was 10.0 % among children with an average age of 4.3 months. The highest RSV-positive rate occurred among patients 0 to 3 months old. Children under 6.5 months old accounted for 80 % of the total patients infected by RSV. A negative correlation was found between ambient temperature and RSV infection, and it was strongest with minimum ambient temperature (r = -0.804, P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the infection rate and the particulate matter (PM) 2.5 (r = 0.446, P < 0.001), PM10 (r = 0.397, P < 0.001), SO2 (r = 0.389, P < 0.001), NO2 (r = 0.365, P < 0.001) and CO (r = 0.532, P < 0.001). The current study suggested that temperature was an important factor associated with RSV infection among children in Hangzhou. Air pollutants significantly increased the risk of RSV infection with dosage, lag and cumulative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Fen Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qiang Shang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Neonatal Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Wang YC, Lin YK. Temperature effects on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:815-825. [PMID: 25225115 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the risk of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction not elsewhere classified (CAO) associated with ambient temperatures and extreme temperature events from 2000 to 2008 in Taiwan. Based on geographical and socioeconomics characteristics, this study divided the whole island into seven areas. A distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the area-disease-specific cumulative relative risk (RR), and random-effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled RR of outpatient visits, from lag 0 to lag 7 days, associated with daily temperature, and added effects of prolonged extreme heat and cold for population of all ages, the elderly and younger than 65 years. Pooled analyses showed that younger population had higher outpatient visits for exposing to low temperature of 18 °C, with cumulative 8-day RRs of 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31-1.42) for respiratory diseases, 1.10 (95% CI 1.03-1.18) for asthma, and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02-1.22) for CAO. The elderly was more vulnerable to high temperature of 30 °C with the cumulative 8-day RR of 1.08 (95% CI 1.03-1.13) for CAO. Elevated outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases and asthma were associated with extreme heat lasting for 6 to 8 days. On the contrary, the extreme cold lasting more than 8 days had significant negative association with outpatient visits of all respiratory diseases. In summary, elderly patients of respiratory diseases and CAO are vulnerable to high temperature. Cold temperature is associated with all types of respiratory diseases for younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli, 320, Taiwan,
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Cui B, Zhang D, Pan H, Zhang F, Farrar J, Law F, van Doorn HR, Wu B, Ba-Thein W. Viral aetiology of acute respiratory infections among children and associated meteorological factors in southern China. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:124. [PMID: 25884513 PMCID: PMC4365542 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-0863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are common in children and mostly caused by viruses, but the significance of the detection of multiple viruses in ARIs is unclear. This study investigated 14 respiratory viruses in ARIs among children and associated meteorological factors in Shantou, southern China. METHODS Paired nasal/throat-flocked swabs collected from 1,074 children with ARIs, who visited outpatient walk-in clinics in a tertiary hospital between December 2010 and November 2011, were examined for fourteen respiratory viruses--influenza viruses (FluA, FluB), respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV A and B), human coronaviruses (hCoV: 229E, OC43, HKU1, NL63), human metapneumoviruses (hMPV A and B), parainfluenza viruses (PIV1-4), human rhinoviruses (HRV A, B, C), enteroviruses (EV), adenoviruses (ADV), human bocavirus (hBoV), and human parechoviruses (hPeV)--by multiplex real-time PCR. RESULTS We identified at least one virus in 82.3% (884/1,074) and multiple viruses in 38.6% (415/1,074) of patients. EV and HRV were the most frequently detected single viruses (42.3%, 374/884 and 39.9%, 353/884 respectively) and co-detected pair (23.1%, 96/415). Overlapping seasonal trends of viruses were recorded over the year, with dual peaks for EV and single peaks for the others. By logistic regression analysis, EV was positively associated with the average temperature and humidity, hCoV, and PIV4, but negatively with HRV, PIV3, and hBoV. HRV was inversely associated with EV and PIV3. CONCLUSIONS This study reports high viral detection and co-detection rates in pediatric ARI cases mainly due to EV and HRV. Many viruses circulated throughout the year with similar seasonal trends in association with temperature, humidity, and wind velocity. Statistically significant associations were present among the viruses. Understanding the polyviral etiology and viral interactions in the cases with multiple viruses warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Cui
- Pediatric Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Dangui Zhang
- The Research Center of Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Pan
- Shantou-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Oncology Research Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Jeremy Farrar
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Frieda Law
- Consultant Office, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - H Rogier van Doorn
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Beiyan Wu
- Pediatric Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - William Ba-Thein
- Shantou-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China.
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Wang YC, Lin YK. Association between temperature and emergency room visits for cardiorespiratory diseases, metabolic syndrome-related diseases, and accidents in metropolitan Taipei. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99599. [PMID: 24932702 PMCID: PMC4059706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated risks of the emergency room visits (ERV) for cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases, ischemic heart disease, hypertensive diseases, chronic renal failure (CRF), diabetes mellitus (DM), asthma, chronic airway obstruction not elsewhere classified (CAO), and accidents associated with the ambient temperature from 2000 to 2009 in metropolitan Taipei. METHODS The distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the cumulative relative risk (RR) and confidence interval (CI) of cause-specific ERV associated with daily temperature from lag 0 to lag 3 after controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS This study identified that temperatures related to the lowest risk of ERV was 26 °C for cerebrovascular diseases, 18 °C for CRF, DM, and accidents, and 30 °C for hypertensive diseases, asthma, and CAO. These temperatures were used as the reference temperatures to measure RR for the corresponding diseases. A low temperature (14°C) increased the ERV risk for cerebrovascular diseases, hypertensive diseases, and asthma, with respective cumulative 4-day RRs of 1.56 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.97), 1.78 (95% CI: 1.37, 2.34), and 2.93 (95% CI: 1.26, 6.79). The effects were greater on, or after, lag one. At 32°C, the cumulative 4-day RR for ERV was significant for CRF (RR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.33, 4.19) and accidents (RR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.33) and the highest RR was seen on lag 0 for CRF (RR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.58), DM (RR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.61), and accidents (RR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.27). CONCLUSIONS Higher temperatures are associated with the increased ERV risks for CRF, DM, and accidents and lower temperatures with the increased ERV risks for cerebrovascular diseases, hypertensive diseases, and asthma in the subtropical metropolitan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Jungli City, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Jungli City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Lin
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Effects of meteorological factors on scrub typhus in a temperate region of China. Epidemiol Infect 2014; 142:2217-26. [PMID: 24800904 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268813003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrub typhus is emerging and re-emerging in many areas: climate change may affect its spread. To explore the effects of meteorological factors on scrub typhus, monthly cases of scrub typhus from January 2006 to December 2012 in the Laiwu district of temperate northern China were analysed. We examined the correlations between scrub typhus and meteorological factors (and their delayed effects). We built a time-series adjusted negative binomial model to reflect the relationships between climate variables and scrub typhus cases. The key determinants of scrub typhus transmission were temperature, relative humidity and precipitation. Each 1°C increase in monthly average temperature in the previous 3 months, each 1% increase in monthly relative humidity in the previous 2 months and each 1 mm increase in monthly precipitation in the previous 3 months induced 15·4%, 12·6% and 0·7% increases in the monthly number of cases, respectively. In conclusion, scrub typhus is affected by climate change in temperate regions.
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