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Liu Y, Wang F, Wang Z, Xiang L, Fu Y, Zhao Z, Kengara FO, Mei Z, He C, Bian Y, Naidu R, Jiang X. Soil properties and organochlorine compounds co-shape the microbial community structure: A case study of an obsolete site. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117589. [PMID: 37926227 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine compounds (OCs) such as chlorobenzenes (CB) are persistent organic pollutants that are ubiquitous in soils at organochlorine pesticides (OCP) production sites. Long-term contamination with OCs might alter the soil microbial structure and further affect soil functions. However, the effects of OCs regarding the shaping of microbial community structures in the soils of OCs-contaminated sites remain obscure, especially in the vertical soil profile where pollutants are highly concealed. Hence this paper explored the status and causes of OCs pollution (CB, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)) in an obsolete site, and its combined effects with soil properties (pH, available phosphorus (AP), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), etc) on microbial community structure. The mean total concentration of OCs in the subsoils was up to 996 times higher than that in the topsoils, with CB constituting over 90% of OCs in the subsoil. Historical causes, anthropogenic effects, soil texture, and the nature of OCs contributed to the differences in the spatial distribution of OCs. Redundancy analysis revealed that both the soil properties and OCs were important factors in shaping microbial composition and diversity. Variation partitioning analysis further indicated that soil properties had a greater impact on microbial community structure than OCs. Significant differences in microbial composition between topsoils and subsoils were observed through linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, primarily driven by different pollutant conditions. Additionally, co-occurrence network analysis indicated that heavily contaminated subsoils exhibited closer and more intricate bacterial community interactions compared to lightly contaminated topsoils. This work reveals the impact of environmental factors in co-shaping the structure of soil microbial communities. These findings advance our understanding of the intricate interplay among organochlorine pollutants, soil properties, and microbial communities, and provides valuable insights into devising effective management strategies in OCs-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ziquan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leilei Xiang
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuhao Fu
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Zhi Mei
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao He
- Institute of Environment Pollution Control and Treatment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongrong Bian
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Crc for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (crcCARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Xin Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Science State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Chamot S, Al-Salameh A, Petit P, Bonneterre V, Cancé C, Decocq G, Boullier A, Braun K, Desailloud R. Does prenatal exposure to multiple airborne and tap-water pollutants increase neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations? Data from the Picardy region, France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167089. [PMID: 37717745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systematic screening for congenital hypothyroidism by heel-stick sampling has revealed unexpected heterogeneity in the geographic distribution of newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations in Picardy, France. We explored a possible relationship with environmental pollutants. METHODS Zip code geolocation data from mothers of newborns without congenital hypothyroidism born in 2021 were linked to ecological data for a set of airborne (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less [PM2.5] or 10 μm or less [PM10]) and tap-water (nitrate and perchlorate ions and atrazine) pollutants. Statistical associations between mean exposure levels during the third trimester of pregnancy and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in 6249 newborns (51 % male) were investigated using linear regression models. RESULTS Median neonatal TSH concentration (interquartile range, IQR) was 1.7 (1-2.8) mIU/L. An increase of one IQR in prenatal exposure to perchlorate ions (3.6 μg/L), nitrate ions (19.2 mg/L), PM2.5 (3.7 μg/m3) and PM10 (3.4 μg/m3), were associated with increases in TSH concentrations of 2.30 % (95 % CI: 0.95-3.66), 5.84 % (95 % CI: 2.81-8.87), 13.44 % (95 % CI: 9.65-17.28) and 6.26 % (95 % CI: 3.01-9.56), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to perchlorate and nitrate ions in tap water and to airborne PM over the third trimester of pregnancy was significantly associated with increased neonatal TSH concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Chamot
- Regional Center for Occupational and Environmental Diseases of Hauts-de-France, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80000 Amiens, France; Péritox (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80000 Amiens, France.
| | - Abdallah Al-Salameh
- Péritox (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80000 Amiens, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Nutrition, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Pascal Petit
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Centre Régional de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales, 38000 Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Bonneterre
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Centre Régional de Pathologies Professionnelles et Environnementales, 38000 Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Cancé
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Decocq
- UF PRiMAX (Prévention des Risques liés aux Médicaments et Autres Xénobiotiques), Service de Pharmacologie clinique, Centre hospitalier universitaire d'Amiens - Picardie, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, F-80054 Amiens Cedex 1, France; Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN, UMR CNRS 7058), Jules Verne University of Picardy, 1 rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Agnès Boullier
- Department of Biochemistry, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France; Regional Center of Newborn Screening of Picardy, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Karine Braun
- Regional Center of Newborn Screening of Picardy, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France; Department of Paediatrics, Amiens University Hospital, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Rachel Desailloud
- Péritox (UMR_I 01), UPJV/INERIS, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80000 Amiens, France; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Nutrition, Amiens University Hospital, 1 rond point du Pr Christian Cabrol, 80054 Amiens, France
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Puche-Juarez M, Toledano JM, Moreno-Fernandez J, Gálvez-Ontiveros Y, Rivas A, Diaz-Castro J, Ochoa JJ. The Role of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Gestation and Pregnancy Outcomes. Nutrients 2023; 15:4657. [PMID: 37960310 PMCID: PMC10648368 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances widely disseminated both in the environment and in daily-life products which can interfere with the regulation and function of the endocrine system. These substances have gradually entered the food chain, being frequently found in human blood and urine samples. This becomes a particularly serious issue when they reach vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, whose hormones are more unstable and vulnerable to EDCs. The proper formation and activity of the placenta, and therefore embryonic development, may get seriously affected by the presence of these chemicals, augmenting the risk of several pregnancy complications, including intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus, among others. Additionally, some of them also exert a detrimental impact on fertility, thus hindering the reproductive process from the beginning. In several cases, EDCs even induce cross-generational effects, inherited by future generations through epigenetic mechanisms. These are the reasons why a proper understanding of the reproductive and gestational alterations derived from these substances is needed, along with efforts to establish regulations and preventive measures in order to avoid exposition (especially during this particular stage of life).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Puche-Juarez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-J.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M. Toledano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-J.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-J.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Yolanda Gálvez-Ontiveros
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Rivas
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-J.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Julio J. Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.-J.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain;
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Shetty SS, D D, S H, Sonkusare S, Naik PB, Kumari N S, Madhyastha H. Environmental pollutants and their effects on human health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19496. [PMID: 37662771 PMCID: PMC10472068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous environmental contaminants significantly contribute to human disease, affecting climate change and public and individual health, resulting in increased mortality and morbidity. Because of the scarcity of information regarding pollution exposure from less developed nations with inadequate waste management, higher levels of poverty, and limited adoption of new technology, the relationship between pollutants and health effects needs to be investigated more. A similar situation is present in many developed countries, where solutions are only discovered after the harm has already been done and the necessity for safeguards has subsided. The connection between environmental toxins and health needs to be better understood due to difficulties in quantifying exposure levels and a lack of systematic monitoring. Different pollutants are to blame for both chronic and acute disorders. Additionally, research becomes challenging when disease problems are seen after prolonged exposure. This review aims to discuss the present understanding of the association between environmental toxins and human health in bridging this knowledge gap. The genesis of cancer and the impact of various environmental pollutants on the human body's cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, prenatal, and neural health are discussed in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa S. Shetty
- CentralResearch laboratory, Cellomics Laboratory, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru., Karnataka, India
| | - Deepthi D
- CentralResearch laboratory, Cellomics Laboratory, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru., Karnataka, India
| | - Harshitha S
- CentralResearch laboratory, Cellomics Laboratory, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru., Karnataka, India
| | - Shipra Sonkusare
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangaluru, 576018, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashanth B. Naik
- Department of Pediatrics, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangaluru, 576018, Karnataka, India
| | - Suchetha Kumari N
- CentralResearch laboratory, Cellomics Laboratory, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru., Karnataka, India
- Department of Biochemistry, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangaluru, 576018, Karnataka, India
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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5
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Possible Processes and Mechanisms of Hexachlorobenzene Decomposition by the Selected Comamonas testosteroni Bacterial Strains. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The bacterial destructing activity toward pesticides has been the focus of research in the last few decades. Hexachlorobenzene is included in the organochlorine pesticides group that are prohibited for use. However, large hexachlorobenzene amounts are still concentrated in the soil, stressing the relevance of research on hexachlorobenzene-destroying bacteria. Methods: The ability to destroy hexachlorobenzene by Comamonas testosteroni UCM B-400, B-401, B-213 strains was investigated and established. Bacteria were cultivated (7 days at 28 °C) in mineral Luria-Bertrani (LB) medium with three hexachlorobenzene doses: 10, 20, 50 mg/L. The hexachlorobenzene concentrations were recorded by a gas chromatography method. Results: The results showed that C. testosteroni UCM B-400, B-401 have high destructive activity toward hexachlorobenzene. The highest (50 mg/L) initial concentration decreased to 41.5 and 43.8%, respectively, for C. testosteroni UCM B-400, B-401. The unadapted C. testosteroni UCM B-213 was tolerant to hexachlorobenzene (cell titers after cultivating with 10.0, 20.0, 50.0 mg/mL were higher compared to initial titer), but had a low-destructing activity level (two times less than B-400 and B-401). Conclusions: Bacterial strains C. testosteroni UCM B-400, B-401 can be seen as a potential soil bioremediation from hexachlorobenzene pollution.
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Carlson JM, Janulewicz PA, Kleinstreuer NC, Heiger-Bernays W. Impact of High-Throughput Model Parameterization and Data Uncertainty on Thyroid-Based Toxicological Estimates for Pesticide Chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5620-5631. [PMID: 35446564 PMCID: PMC9070357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical-induced alteration of maternal thyroid hormone levels may increase the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. US federal risk assessments rely almost exclusively on apical endpoints in animal models for deriving points of departure (PODs). New approach methodologies (NAMs) such as high-throughput screening (HTS) and mechanistically informative in vitro human cell-based systems, combined with in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE), supplement in vivo studies and provide an alternative approach to calculate/determine PODs. We examine how parameterization of IVIVE models impacts the comparison between IVIVE-derived equivalent administered doses (EADs) from thyroid-relevant in vitro assays and the POD values that serve as the basis for risk assessments. Pesticide chemicals with thyroid-based in vitro bioactivity data from the US Tox21 HTS program were included (n = 45). Depending on the model structure used for IVIVE analysis, up to 35 chemicals produced EAD values lower than the POD. A total of 10 chemicals produced EAD values higher than the POD regardless of the model structure. The relationship between IVIVE-derived EAD values and the in vivo-derived POD values is highly dependent on model parameterization. Here, we derive a range of potentially thyroid-relevant doses that incorporate uncertainty in modeling choices and in vitro assay data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Carlson
- Environmental
Health Department, Boston University School
of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Patricia A. Janulewicz
- Environmental
Health Department, Boston University School
of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Nicole C. Kleinstreuer
- Division
of Intramural Research, Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch,
and National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation
of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Wendy Heiger-Bernays
- Environmental
Health Department, Boston University School
of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
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7
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Joyce EE, Chavarro JE, Rando J, Song AY, Croen LA, Fallin MD, Hertz‐Picciotto I, Schmidt RJ, Volk H, Newschaffer CJ, Lyall K. Prenatal exposure to pesticide residues in the diet in association with child autism-related traits: Results from the EARLI study. Autism Res 2022; 15:957-970. [PMID: 35261202 PMCID: PMC9090949 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prior work has suggested associations between prenatal exposure to several classes of pesticides and child autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined a previously developed pesticide residue burden score (PRBS) and intake of high pesticide residue foods in association with ASD-related traits. Participants were drawn from the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) (n = 256), a cohort following mothers who previously had a child with ASD through a subsequent pregnancy and that child's development. ASD-related traits were captured according to total Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores at age 3 (mean raw total SRS score = 35.8). Dietary intake was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire collected during pregnancy. We also incorporated organic intake and fatty foods in modified versions of the PRBS. Associations between high-residue fruit and vegetable intake, the overall PRBS and modified versions of it, and SRS scores were assessed using multivariable linear regression. Overall, we did not observe associations between pesticide residues in foods and ASD-related outcomes, and modified versions of the PRBS yielded similar findings. However, reductions in ASD-related traits were observed with higher overall fruit and vegetable intake (adjusted estimates for Q4 vs. Q1: β -12.76, 95%CI -27.8, 2.3). Thus, findings from this high familial probability cohort did not suggest relationships between pesticide residues in the diet according to the PRBS and ASD-related traits. Beneficial effects of fruit and vegetable intake may influence these relationships. Future work should consider fruit and vegetable intake in association with ASD-related outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Diet is the main source of exposure to most pesticides in use today. In this study, we examined the relationship between pesticide exposure from residues in the diet during pregnancy and child autism-related traits. We found that these pesticide residues from the diet were not related to child autism-related outcomes at age three. However, higher prenatal fruit and vegetable intake was associated with reductions in child autism-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Joyce
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jorge E. Chavarro
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Juliette Rando
- A.J. Drexel Autism InstituteDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ashley Y. Song
- Department of Mental HealthJohns HopkinsBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa A. Croen
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Irva Hertz‐Picciotto
- Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- MIND InstituteSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- MIND InstituteSacramentoCAUSA
| | - Heather Volk
- Department of Mental HealthJohns HopkinsBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Craig J. Newschaffer
- College of Health and Human DevelopmentPenn State, University Park, State CollegePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kristen Lyall
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- A.J. Drexel Autism InstituteDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Ghimire S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wu C. Use of Chicken Embryo Model in Toxicity Studies of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Nanoparticles. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:550-568. [PMID: 35286071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lab animals such as mice and rats are widely used in toxicity research of food additive and pharmaceutics, despite the well-recognized research limitation such as the inability to simulate human neurological diseases, faster absorption of chemicals, big variations among species, and high cost when using a large number of animals. The Society of Toxicology's guidance now focuses on minimizing discomfort and distress of lab animals, finding alternative ways to reduce animal number, replacing animals with in vitro models, and complying to the animal welfare policies. The chicken embryonic model can be a better alternative to mice and rats because of its abundant availability and cost-effectiveness. It can be studied in both laboratory and natural environment, with easy manipulation in ovo or in vivo. The objective of this review paper is to evaluate the use of chicken embryonic model in toxicity evaluation for endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) by different end points to determine more comprehensive toxic responses. The end points include chicken embryonic mortality and hatchability, developmental malformation analysis, hormonal imbalance, physiological changes in endocrine organs, and antiangiogenesis. Major research methodologies using chicken embryos are also summarized to demonstrate their versatile practice and valuable application in modern toxicity evaluation of EDCs and NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Ghimire
- University of Delaware, Department of Animal and Food sciences, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- University of Delaware, Department of Animal and Food sciences, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- University of Delaware, Department of Animal and Food sciences, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Changqing Wu
- University of Delaware, Department of Animal and Food sciences, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Salcedo-Bellido I, Amaya E, Pérez-Díaz C, Soler A, Vela-Soria F, Requena P, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Echeverría R, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Quesada-Jiménez R, Martín-Olmedo P, Arrebola JP. Differential Bioaccumulation Patterns of α, β-Hexachlorobenzene and Dicofol in Adipose Tissue from the GraMo Cohort (Southern Spain). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3344. [PMID: 35329028 PMCID: PMC8954870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To identify bioaccumulation patterns of α-, β- hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dicofol in relation to sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors, adipose tissue samples of 387 subjects from GraMo cohort in Southern Spain were analyzed. Potential predictors of these organochlorine pesticides (OCP) levels were collected by face-to-face interviews and assessed by multivariable linear and logistic regression. OCPs were detected in 84.2% (β-HCH), 21.7% (α-HCH), and 19.6% (dicofol) of the population. β-HCH levels were positively related to age, body mass index (BMI), mother's occupation in agriculture during pregnancy, living in Poniente and Alpujarras, white fish, milk and water consumption, and negatively related to being male, living near to an agricultural area, working ≥10 years in agriculture, and beer consumption. Detectable α-HCH levels were positively related to age, BMI, milk consumption, mother's occupation in agriculture during pregnancy, and negatively with residence in Poniente and Alpujarras, Granada city, and Granada Metropolitan Area. Residence near to an agricultural area, smoking habit, white fish and water consumption, and living in Poniente and Alpujarras, Granada city and Granada Metropolitan Area were negatively associated with detectable dicofol levels. Our study revealed different bioaccumulation patterns of α, β-HCH and dicofol, probably due to their dissimilar period of use, and emphasize the need for assessing the exposure to frequently overlooked pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Esperanza Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Celia Pérez-Díaz
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Anabel Soler
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
| | - Fernando Vela-Soria
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Ruth Echeverría
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
| | - Francisco M. Pérez-Carrascosa
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Quesada-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Piedad Martín-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
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10
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Gunathilake TMSU, Ching YC, Kadokami K. An overview of organic contaminants in indoor dust, their health impact, geographical distribution and recent extraction/analysis methods. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:677-713. [PMID: 34170457 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
People spend a substantial proportion of their time indoors; therefore, exposure to contaminants in indoor dust is persistent and profuse. According to the findings of recent studies, contaminants such as flame retardants (FRs), organochlorines (OCs), and phthalate esters (PAEs) are more prevalent in indoor dust. The discrepancy in the geographical distribution of these chemicals indicates country-specific applications. However, many studies have revealed that chlorophosphates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate are frequently detected in indoor dust throughout the world. Although some chemicals (e.g., OCs) were banned/severely restricted decades ago, they have still been detected in indoor dust. These organic contaminants have shown clear evidence of carcinogenic, neurotoxic, immunogenic, and estrogenic activities. Recent extraction methods have shown their advantages, such as high recoveries, less solvent consumption, less extraction time and simplicity of use. The latest separation techniques such as two-dimensional gas/liquid chromatography, latest ionization techniques (e.g., matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)), and modern techniques of mass spectrometry (e.g., tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), time-of-flight (TOF) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)) improve the detection limits, accuracy, reproducibility and simultaneous detection of organic contaminants. For future perspectives, it is suggested that the importance of the study of dust morphology for comprehensive risk analysis, introducing standard reference materials to strengthen the analytical methods, adopt common guidelines for comparison of research findings and the importance of dust analysis in the developing world since lack of records on the production and usage of hazardous substances. Such measures will help to evaluate the effectiveness of prevailing legislations and to set up new regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thennakoon M Sampath U Gunathilake
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yern Chee Ching
- Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, Hibikino 1-1, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0135, Japan
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11
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Wang J, Cao LL, Gao ZY, Zhang H, Liu JX, Wang SS, Pan H, Yan CH. Relationship between thyroid hormone parameters and exposure to a mixture of organochlorine pesticides, mercury and nutrients in the cord blood of newborns. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118362. [PMID: 34648836 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fetus is prenatally exposed to a mixture of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), mercury (Hg), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and selenium (Se) through maternal seafood consumption in real-life scenario. Prenatal exposure to these contaminants and nutrients has been suggested to affect thyroid hormone (TH) status in newborns, but the potential relationships between them are unclear and the joint effects of the mixture are seldom analyzed. The aim of the study is to investigate the associations of prenatal exposure to a mixture of OCPs, Hg, DHA, EPA and Se with TH parameters in newborns. 228 mother-infant pairs in Shanghai, China were included. We measured 20 OCPs, total Hg, DHA, EPA and Se in cord blood samples as exposure variables. The total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and the FT3/FT4 ratio in cord serum were determined as outcomes. Using linear regression models, generalized additive models and Bayesian kernel machine regression, we found dose-response relationships of the mixture component with outcomes: among the contaminants, p,p'-DDE was the most important positive predictor of TT3, while HCB was predominantly positively associated with FT3 and the FT3/FT4 ratio, indicating different mechanisms underlying these relationships; among the nutrients, EPA was first found to be positively related to the FT3/FT4 ratio. Additionally, we found suggestive evidence of interactions between p,p'-DDE and HCB on both TT3 and FT3, and EPA by HCB interactions for TT3, FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio. However, the overall effects of the mixture on thyroid hormone parameters were not significant. Our result suggests that prenatal exposure to p,p'-DDE, HCB and EPA as part of a mixture might affect thyroid function of newborns in independent and interactive ways. The potential biological mechanisms merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lu-Lu Cao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Gao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jun-Xia Liu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Su-Su Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chong-Huai Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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12
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Wang SS, Lu AX, Cao LL, Ran XF, Wang YQ, Liu C, Yan CH. Effects of prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants on neonatal Outcomes:A mother-child cohort (Shanghai, China). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111767. [PMID: 34391732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), known as common environmental pollutants, which have adverse effects on neurobehavioral development, are widely applied in industry and agriculture. However, evidence about neurodevelopmental toxicity of POPs in humans is limited. This study aimed to explore the relationship between prenatal exposure to POPs and birth outcome of the newborn including birth length, weight, and head circumference. In this study, 1522 mother-child pairs were included in this study and cord blood samples were collected, which were detected to determine exposure level of 37 POPs in total. After delivery, the neonatal anthropometric indices detection (birth length, weight, and head circumference) was performed. According to the multivariate linear regression, the newborn with high detection rates (≥75 percentile) of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) in the umbilical cord blood were demonstrated negative relationship with birth head circumference after adjusting for confounding factors, but not related with birth length and weight. After confirming that there was a nonlinear relationship between HCB and birth head circumference based on sex stratification through the generalized additive model (GAM), further two-piecewise linear regression model was conducted to explore the saturation threshold effect between HCB and birth head circumference, which showed cord serum HCB concentration greater than 0.5 μg/L was negatively associated with birth head circumference in girls. Our study provided evidence for the adverse influence of HCB, β-HCH and p,p'-DDE exposure during pregnancy on the birth head circumference of offspring. Although HCB induced reduction of birth head circumference was found in girls, the mechanism of gender difference remained unclear. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of POPs on the growth and development of offspring based on in vivo or in vitro experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Su Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Xin Lu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Lu Cao
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Ran
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong-Huai Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Perinatal effects of persistent organic pollutants on thyroid hormone concentration in placenta and breastmilk. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:100988. [PMID: 34238594 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) are known to play a critical role in regulating many biological processes including growth and development, energy homeostasis, thermogenesis, lipolysis and metabolism of cholesterol. Severe TH deficiency especially during fetal development results in cretinism, but can also lead to an imbalance in metabolism with, among others, an alteration in body weight composition. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has shown that certain persistent organic pollutants (POP) can interfere with the endocrine system. These POP referred to as "endocrine disrupting chemicals" are widely present in the environment and populations are exposed globally. Moreover, epidemiological studies have shown that a particularly sensitive period is the pre- and postnatal time. Indeed, perinatal exposure to such chemicals could lead to the onset diseases in later life. It is known, that, maternal thyroid hormones are transported by the placenta to the fetus from 6 weeks of gestation and it seems that during the first trimester, and part of the second, the fetus is entirely dependent on maternal TH supply for its development. Interferences in the TH-network as a consequence of the exposure to such pollutants could cause variations in TH concentration. Only small changes in maternal thyroid hormone levels in early stages of pregnancy can influence fetal neurological and cardiovascular development, as well as according to recent studies, have effect on childhood body composition. With this review, we will report the most recent and important studies concerning the association between thyroid hormone concentration and POP levels measured during the perinatal period. We will mostly focus on the data recently reported on placenta and breastmilk as main sources for understanding the potential consequences of exposure. The possible link between exposure to pollutants, TH dysregulation and possible adverse outcome will also be briefly discussed. From our literature search, several studies support the hypothesis that pre- and postnatal exposure to different pollutants might play a role in causing variation in thyroid hormone concentration. However, few research papers have so far studied the relationship linking exposure to pollutants, TH concentration and possible health consequences. Therefore, this review highlights the need for further research in this direction.
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Huang H, Liu H, Xiong S, Zeng F, Bu J, Zhang B, Liu W, Zhou H, Qi S, Xu L, Chen W. Rapid transport of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in multimedia environment from karst area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145698. [PMID: 33631579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Karst groundwater is crucial, but particularly vulnerable to contaminants. Anthropologically derived pollutants on the surface-environment in karst areas could easily and rapidly enter groundwater through highly developed transmissible structures and threaten water safety. To investigate such transport, we analyzed 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the multimedia environment from the Zigui karst area of China, where agriculture is the predominant human activity. OCPs were frequently detected with the total OCP concentrations ranged from 228 to 7970 pg/g, 300 to 32,200 pg/L, 318 to 2250 pg/L, 149 to 2760 pg/g, and 752 to 12,000 pg/g in the soil, spring water, river water, spring sediment, and river sediment, respectively. HCB and p,p'-DDT were the most dominant OCP species. Isomeric and metabolic ratios indicated fresh inputs of Lindane, technical DDT, and Aldrin, although they have been banned in China. The spatial distributions, correlation analysis, and regression analysis suggested rapid OCP transport from the soil to the spring water, and from the soil and spring water to river water. OCPs in the soil and springs explained 92.3% and 89.0% of those in the spring water and river water, respectively. The solid transport with the fast-moving water was predominant for OCPs in sediments. Highly dynamic water systems and rapid OCP transport in the intro- and inter-medium suggested by our results substantiate the groundwater's vulnerability in karst areas. More studies on levels and transport of organic contaminants in karst systems and policy for protecting the karst groundwater are urgently required to control contaminant sources and ensure groundwater sustainability, since the karst water resources may suffer a potentially bleak future consisted of the decreased groundwater quantity and low water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Shuai Xiong
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Faming Zeng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jianwei Bu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Binzhou Ecological Environment Comprehensive Service Centre, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Li Xu
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Systematic Water Pollution Control, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Ninth Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tacheng, Xinjiang 834601, China.
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15
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Padmanabhan V, Song W, Puttabyatappa M. Praegnatio Perturbatio-Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:295-353. [PMID: 33388776 PMCID: PMC8152448 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The burden of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight is considerable across the world. Several risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes have been identified. One risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes receiving considerable attention in recent years is gestational exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Humans are exposed to a multitude of environmental chemicals with known endocrine-disrupting properties, and evidence suggests exposure to these EDCs have the potential to disrupt the maternal-fetal environment culminating in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. This review addresses the impact of maternal and fetal exposure to environmental EDCs of natural and man-made chemicals in disrupting the maternal-fetal milieu in human leading to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes-a risk factor for adult-onset noncommunicable diseases, the role lifestyle and environmental factors play in mitigating or amplifying the effects of EDCs, the underlying mechanisms and mediators involved, and the research directions on which to focus future investigations to help alleviate the adverse effects of EDC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenhui Song
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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16
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Kunysz M, Mora-Janiszewska O, Darmochwał-Kolarz D. Epigenetic Modifications Associated with Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094693. [PMID: 33946662 PMCID: PMC8124363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains a significant clinical and public health issue due to its increasing prevalence and the possibility for numerous short- and long-term complications. The growing incidence of GDM seems to coincide with the widespread use of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The extensive production and common use of these substances in everyday life has resulted in constant exposure to harmful substances from the environment. That may result in epigenetic changes, which may manifest themselves also after many years and be passed on to future generations. It is important to consider the possible link between environmental exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during pregnancy, epigenetic mechanisms and an increased risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This manuscript attempts to summarize data on epigenetic changes in pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes in association with EDCs. There is a chance that epigenetic marks may serve as a tool for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic measures.
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17
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Yang W, Ni W, Jin L, Liu J, Li Z, Wang L, Ren A. Determination of organochlorine pesticides in human umbilical cord and association with orofacial clefts in offspring. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129188. [PMID: 33310357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies based on questionnaires suggested that maternal exposure to pesticides increases the risk for orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, whether organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) exposure in vivo affects the occurrence of OFCs remains unclear. The aims of this study are to investigate the association of OCP exposure with the risk of OFCs by examining the concentrations of OCPs in human umbilical cords, and investigate the potential dietary sources of OCPs in umbilical cord tissues. A case-control study consisting of 89 OFC cases and 129 nonmalformed controls with available tissues of umbilical cord was conducted. Concentrations of twenty specific OCPs were determined in the umbilical cord by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry, and seven OCPs with detection rate larger than 50% were included in analyses. The individual effect and joint effect of multiple OCPs in umbilical cords on the risk for OFCs were investigated using multivariate logistic models and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). No difference was found in the median levels of ΣOCPs between cases (1.04 ng/g) and controls (1.03 ng/g). No significant associations were observed between levels of OCPs in umbilical cords and risk for OFCs in either multivariate logistic models or BKMR models. Maternal consumptions of beans or bean products were positively correlated with levels of β-hexachlorocyclohexane, heptachlor epoxide, p,p'-DDE, and ∑OCPs in umbilical cord, respectively. In conclusion, we didn't find the association between in utero exposure to OCPs and the risk for OFCs. Maternal consumptions of beans or bean products may be a source of OCPs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Yang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Ni
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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18
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Hu L, Luo D, Wang L, Yu M, Zhao S, Wang Y, Mei S, Zhang G. Levels and profiles of persistent organic pollutants in breast milk in China and their potential health risks to breastfed infants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142028. [PMID: 32906049 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were prohibited or limited in use several decades ago, they are still frequently detected in the human body. The purpose of this study was to understand the levels and profiles of POPs in breast milk in China and assess their potential health risks among breastfed infants under six months of age. A literature review focused on China was performed for studies published from 2001 to 2020. The POP levels in breast milk along with other important variables were extracted, and then the average individual POP levels in breast milk were estimated. This review summarises the distribution of traditional and new POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), legacy brominated flame retardants (BFRs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), and chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and reported notably high levels of short-chain chlorinated paraffins and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) in breast milk. Although the levels of traditional POPs generally declined over time, especially p,p'-DDE and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), women living in coastal areas, urban areas, and southern China still have a high body burden of certain POPs. In the present study, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of POPs through breastfeeding was used to evaluate the health risk for infants by comparing with acceptable levels. The findings suggested that infants born in coastal areas most likely suffered potential health risk from exposure to DDT, and the health risk of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in infants in most nationwide regions remains a concern. More importantly, the EDI of PCBs for infants exceeds the safe limit on a national scale. Continuous surveillance of PCBs in breast milk is critical to evaluate the potential health effects on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shizhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zhang X, Cheng X, Lei B, Zhang G, Bi Y, Yu Y. A review of the transplacental transfer of persistent halogenated organic pollutants: Transfer characteristics, influential factors, and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106224. [PMID: 33137703 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) are a class of toxic chemicals, which may have adverse effects on fetuses via transplacental transfer from their mothers. Here, we review reported internal exposure levels of various HOPs (organochlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins, and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) in placenta, and both maternal and umbilical cord sera. We also present analyses of the transplacental transfer and placental distribution characteristics of each class of compounds, and discuss effects of several factors on the transfer and accumulation efficiencies of HOPs, as well as the main mechanisms of HOPs' transfer across the placental barrier. Reported compound-specific transplacental transfer efficiencies and distribution efficiencies, expressed as umbilical cord:maternal serum and placental:maternal serum concentration ratios (RCM and RPM, respectively), are summarized. Average published RCM values of the HOPs range from 0.24 to 3.08 (lipid-adjusted) and from 0.04 to 3.1 (based on wet weights), and are highest for perfluoroalkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) and tetrabromobisphenol A. Average published RPM values range from 0.14 to 1.02 (lipid-adjusted) and from 0.30 to 1.4 (based on wet weights). The broad RCM and RPM ranges may reflect effects of various factors, inter alia physicochemical properties of HOPs, metabolic capacities of mothers and fetuses, placental maturity, and differential expression of influx/efflux transporters in the placenta. Generally, HOPs' RCM values decline linearly with molecular size, and are curvilinearly related to solubility. Plasma protein binding affinity and the difference between maternal and fetal metabolic capacities may also affect some HOPs' transfer efficiencies. HOPs' molecular size may be influential. Transplacental transport of HOPs likely occurs mostly through passive diffusion, although influx/efflux transporters expressed on maternal and/or fetal sides of the placenta may also facilitate or hinder their transport. Overall, the review highlights clear gaps in our understanding of mechanisms involved in HOPs' transplacental transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Bingli Lei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yuhao Bi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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20
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Li X, Song K, Liu G. Wetland Fire Scar Monitoring and Its Response to Changes of the Pantanal Wetland. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154268. [PMID: 32751781 PMCID: PMC7436325 DOI: 10.3390/s20154268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fire is an important disturbance factor which results in the irreversible change of land surface ecosystems and leads to a new ecological status after the fire is extinguished. Spanning the period from August to September 2019, the Amazon Forest fires were an unprecedented event in terms of the scale and duration of burning, with a duration of 42 days in the Pantanal wetland. Based on the observation data of wildfire and two Sentinel-2A images separated by a 35-day interval, the objectives of this study are to use the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) to map the spatiotemporal change features of fire and then quantitatively measure the fire severity and the impact of fire on the Pantanal wetland. The overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the extracted results of wetland types reached 80.6% and 0.767, respectively, and the statistically analyzed results showed that wildfires did not radically change the wetland types of the Pantanal wetland, because the hydrological variation of the burned area was still the main change factor, with a dynamic ratio of ≤50%. Furthermore, the savanna wetland in the burned area was the wetland type which was most affected by the fire. Meanwhile, fire scars belonged to the moderate and low-severity burned areas, with a maximum burn area of 599 km2. The case enriches the research into the impact of wildfire as the main disturbance factor on the change of wetland types and provides a scientific reference for the restoration and sustainable development of global wetland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256603, China;
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Changchun 130102, China;
| | - Kaishan Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Changchun 130102, China;
| | - Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Changchun 130102, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-431-85542364
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Bayat M, Tehrani MS, Kobarfard F, Husain SW, Yazdanpanah H. Validation of an Analytical Method for Simultaneous Determination of 18 Persistent Organic Pollutants in Trout Using LLE Extraction and GC-MS/MS. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:1224-1238. [PMID: 32641934 PMCID: PMC6934947 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants, (POPs), are vast distributed compounds in environment which are recognized as one of the global pollution problems. These groups of materials being dangerous due to their high stability are accumulated in animal tissues and occurring in the food chain. One of the major paths through which persistent organic combinations access to human body is consuming polluted foods, particularly, fishes. Among aquatic animals, trout as one of the mostly consumed fishes in Tehran’s food basket was studied. In this study, two categories of persistent organic pollutants: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including HCB, Dieldrin, Methoxychlor, α-, ϒ-Chlordane, α-, β-Endosulfan and o,p’-DDE, p,p’-DDE, o,p’-DDT, p,p’-DDT and the second group Polychlonitated biphenyls (PCBs) including seven PCB congeners which are called indicator PCBs (IUPAC nos.: 28,52,101,118,138,153 and 180) were determined in trout by GC-MS/MS in MRM monitoring mode and LLE extraction. The average recoveries of OCPs and PCBs at five concentration levels (1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 ng/g for PCBs and 5 times for OCPs) were in the range of 73-112%. The relative standard deviations of POPs in fish were in the range of 1.4-17.9% for all of the concentration levels. The limit of detections (LODs) and the limit of quantitations (LOQs) were between 0.6-8.3 and 2-25 µg/kg, respectively. The results indicated the presence of organochlorine pesticides in trout and the levels of p,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDT were within the range of < LOQ -12.83 and < LOQ -10.2 ng/g ww (wet weight), respectively. According to the results, OCPs residues were lower than maximum residue levels set by European Council Directives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Bayat
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saber Tehrani
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Waqif Husain
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Yazdanpanah
- Food Safety Research Center (FSRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yin S, Wei J, Wei Y, Jin L, Wang L, Zhang X, Jia X, Ren A. Organochlorine pesticides exposure may disturb homocysteine metabolism in pregnant women. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135146. [PMID: 31787282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) has an adverse impact on maternal and fetal health, and excessive homocysteine is related to a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Biomimetic studies suggest that OCPs interfere with folate-dependent pathways, but little evidence is available from studies with human subjects. This study explored whether exposure to OCPs interferes with the metabolism of homocysteine, which is folate dependent. A total of 313 pregnant women at 12-20 weeks gestation were recruited in Shanxi province, China, from 2014 to 2015. Plasma concentrations of 20 OCPs, including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Blood folate concentrations were analyzed by microbiological assay, and plasma homocysteine concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Information on demographics, lifestyle behaviors, and folic acid supplementation was collected by in-person interview. Of the women, 99% reported having taken folic acid supplements. Results of a logistic regression analysis showed that higher plasma levels of OCPs were associated with increased odds of higher plasma homocysteine after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Positive correlations were observed between plasma OCPs and plasma homocysteine concentrations: HCB (r = 0.176, p = 0.002), β-HCH (r = 0.172, p = 0.002), ρ,ρ'-DDE (r = 0.132, p = 0.020), ρ,ρ'-DDD (r = 0.161, p = 0.004), and ο,ρ'-DDT (r = 0.144, p = 0.011). Plasma concentrations of OCPs were negatively correlated with red blood cell (RBC) folate in the low-RBC-folate subgroup, but the correlations were not statistically significant. A positive correlation was observed between OCPs and homocysteine in the low-RBC-folate subgroup. These findings suggest that OCPs may disturb the folate-dependent homocysteine metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengju Yin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yihui Wei
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuejuan Zhang
- Health Education Division, Shanxi Children's Hospital/Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Taiyuan 030002, China
| | - Xiaoqian Jia
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Yang X, Zhang M, Lu T, Chen S, Sun X, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Sun R, Hang B, Wang X, Chen M, Chen Y, Xia Y. Metabolomics study and meta-analysis on the association between maternal pesticide exposome and birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109087. [PMID: 32069748 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women are exposed to a number of pesticides which are widely used in China. Their potential risks on reproduction and infants are still unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether infant's birth weight and length of gestation were associated with levels of various pesticides in maternal blood based on Nanjing Medical University (NMU) affiliated hospitals data and meta-analysis, and also to explore the possible intermediate metabolomics pathways. METHODS Eligible subjects (n = 102) were included in this study from the affiliated hospitals of NMU. Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Q-Exactive mass spectrometer (QE) were used to detect 37 pesticides (9 organophosphorus pesticides, 7 organochlorine pesticides, 5 carbamate pesticides, and 16 others) and 161 metabolites (53 in animo acid metabolism 47 in lipid metabolism, 18 in carbohydrate metabolism, 14 in nucleotide metabolism and 29 in other metabolisms) in maternal blood, respectively. Multi-linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were performed to identify the association of single/mixed pesticide exposure in maternal blood with birth weight and length of gestation. Moreover, we conducted a meta-analysis including additional 2497 subjects to evaluate whether exposure to key pesticide, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) was associated with decreased birth weight globally. Mediation analysis was used to explore the metabolic alteration mediating the association between key pesticide exposure and birth outcomes. RESULTS We found that decreased birth weight was significantly associated with increasing levels of mecarbam and β-HCH. We did not find any association between length of gestation and these pesticides. Among pesticides with detection rate more than 50%, BKMR analysis found an overall negative association of mixed pesticides exposure with birth weight, and verified that β-HCH was the key pesticide for such effect. Meta-analysis revealed a significantly negative association between exposure to β-HCH and birth weight. Metabolomics identified three metabolites and five metabolites as significant mediators for the effect of mecarbam and β-HCH, respectively, among which glyceraldehyde and its related glycerolipid metabolism and thyroxine and its related thyroid hormone metabolism were found to be the mostly enriched mediating metabolic pathway. CONCLUSIONS Based on the comprehensive pesticide exposome and metabolome wide associational study combined with meta-analysis, we found that prenatal exposure to β-HCH and mecarbam decreased birth weight via disrupting thyroid hormone metabolism and glyceraldehyde metabolism, providing new insights into the toxic effects of exposure to pesticides on birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shiyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yusheng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Oestrogenic Endocrine Disruptors in the Placenta and the Fetus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041519. [PMID: 32102189 PMCID: PMC7073155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that interfere with the stability and regulation of the endocrine system of the body or its offspring. These substances are generally stable in chemical properties, not easy to be biodegraded, and can be enriched in organisms. In the past half century, EDCs have gradually entered the food chain, and these substances have been frequently found in maternal blood. Perinatal maternal hormone levels are unstable and vulnerable to EDCs. Some EDCs can affect embryonic development through the blood-fetal barrier and cause damage to the neuroendocrine system, liver function, and genital development. Some also effect cross-generational inheritance through epigenetic mechanisms. This article mainly elaborates the mechanism and detection methods of estrogenic endocrine disruptors, such as bisphenol A (BPA), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), diethylstilbestrol (DES) and phthalates (PAEs), and their effects on placenta and fetal health in order to raise concerns about the proper use of products containing EDCs during pregnancy and provide a reference for human health.
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Gheidarloo M, Kelishadi R, Hovsepian S, Keikha M, Hashemipour M. The association between prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and neonatal thyroid hormone levels: a systematic review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:21-33. [PMID: 31851616 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this systematic review, the association between prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and neonatal thyroid hormone levels was studied. A systematic search of scientific literature was performed from the PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI web of science electronic bibliographic databases. The search strategy for the review was [(organochlorine OR "organochlorine pesticides" OR "organochlorine pollutants" OR "organochlorine pollutant") AND ("thyroid hormone" OR triiodothyronine OR Thyroxine OR "fetal thyroid function" OR "thyroid function" OR "Thyroid Stimulating Hormone" AND "prenatal" AND "maternal exposure")] in English sources. In this review, 305 papers (PubMed: 30; Scopus: 29; ISI: 246) were identified through an electronic database search. Twenty-seven articles were assessed for eligibility, from which 16 qualified articles were selected for the final evaluation. The most common OCP metabolites which were evaluated in order were hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (13 studies), pp-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (pp-DDE) (13 studies), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (10 studies) and dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane (DDT) (eight studies). A review of the documents related to the association of prenatal exposure of OCPs with fetal or neonatal thyroid function tests provides us with heterogeneous data in this field. Factors such as differences in the studied populations and their area, ethnic and genetic background, time and rate of exposure, possible interaction of other thyroid-disrupting environmental factors and dietary intake of micronutrients such as iodine and/or selenium are considered the main limitations for making an accurate conclusion. For some OCPs including DDT, DDE, HCH and HCB, there are supporting evidences, and it is suggested that their exposure could potentially alter the fetal thyroid function and consequently impair the neurodevelopment process of the infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Gheidarloo
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Imam Hossein Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Silva Hovsepian
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Imam Hossein Children's Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Keikha
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mahin Hashemipour
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Prenatal β-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) Exposure and 7-Year Child IQ in the CHAMACOS Birth Cohort. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:553-563. [PMID: 31955369 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fetal and infant exposures to β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) occur through placental and breastmilk transfers. No studies have examined the relationship between β-HCH and child intelligence quotient (IQ). This study examined associations between in utero β-HCH exposure and cognitive development in 7-year-old children. Data from women and children (n = 256) participating in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) birth cohort study were evaluated. We assessed exposure to β-HCH by measuring maternal serum concentration during pregnancy. We administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), Fourth Edition, to children at age 7. Analyses were adjusted for maternal age, country of birth, work status, parity, and other pesticide exposures, language used for child cognitive assessment, and duration of breastfeeding. Higher serum β-HCH concentrations were associated with higher cognitive scores across all unadjusted models for the full-scale and sub-scale cognitive tests. In the adjusted models, a 10-fold increase in serum β-HCH concentration was associated with a 4.5-point increase in Working Memory IQ score (95% CI, 0.6 to 8.3; p = 0.02). We observed no significant interaction by length of breastfeeding or sex on associations. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to β-HCH is not adversely related to IQ at age 7 in a cohort of Mexican American children with fairly high exposure in utero as measured by maternal serum levels. Future research must replicate these findings in other study cohorts of women and children.
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Tsai MS, Chen MH, Lin CC, Liu CY, Chen PC. Children's environmental health based on birth cohort studies of Asia (2) - air pollution, pesticides, and heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108754. [PMID: 31563033 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The life style and child raising environment in Asia are quite different compared with Western countries. Besides, the children's environmental threats and difficulties in conducting studies could be different. To address children's environmental health in Asia area, the Birth Cohort Consortium of Asia (BiCCA) was co-established in 2011. We reviewed the mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, perfluoroalkyl substances, phthalates, and environmental tobacco smoke in pervious based on birth cohort studies in Asia. The aim of this study was to summarize the traditional environmental pollution and the target subjects were also based on the birth cohort in Asia area. Environmental pollutants included air pollutants, pesticides focusing on organochlorine pesticides, diakylphosphates, and pyrethroid, and heavy metals including lead, arsenic, cadmium, manganese, vanadium, and thallium. Fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes, childhood growth and obesity, neurodevelopment and behavioral problems, and allergic disease and immune function were classified to elucidate the children's health effects. In total, 106 studies were selected in this study. The evidences showed air pollution or pesticides may affect growth during infancy or childhood, and associated with neurodevelopmental or behavioral problems. Prenatal exposure to lead or manganese was associated with neurodevelopmental or behavioral problems, while exposure to arsenic or cadmium may influence fetal growth. In addition to the harmonization and international collaboration of birth cohorts in Asia; however, understand the whole picture of exposure scenario and consider more discipline in the research are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Shan Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Office of Occupational Safety and Health, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, National Taiwan University, College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Casadó L, Arrebola JP, Fontalba A, Muñoz A. Adverse effects of hexaclorobenzene exposure in children and adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108421. [PMID: 31387069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexachlorobenzene (HCB: C₆Cl₆) is a persistent, bioaccumulative chemical formerly used worldwide in pesticide mixtures but also produced as a by-product in the chemical and metallurgical industry. Despite current international restrictions in the use and production of HCB, the majority of the general population still show detectable levels of HCB, which raises concerns on the potential health implications of the exposure. OBJECTIVE To compile and synthesize the available scientific evidence regarding the adverse effects of exposure to HCB in children and adolescents. METHODS A review of the literature focused on the adverse effects of HCB exposure in children. Eligible studies were systematically screened from searches in Medline, Scopus and Ebsco-host databases. A total of 62 studies were finally included. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In our search we found evidences of potential health effects linked to HCB exposure at different levels (e.g. neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, immunotoxic, hepatotoxic and toxicogenomic), although the conclusions are still contradictory. Further prospective research is needed, considering the special vulnerability of children and adolescent population as well as the ubiquity of the exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Casadó
- Department of Nursing, Medical Anthropology Research Centre (MARC), University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Andrés Fontalba
- Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare Area, Andalusian Health Service, Antequera, Spain, Department of Nursing, Medicine and Physiotherapy, Almeria University, Almería, Spain
| | - Araceli Muñoz
- School of Social Work, Food Observatory (ODELA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Medical Anthropology Research Centre (MARC), University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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29
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Yin S, Zhang J, Guo F, Zhao L, Poma G, Covaci A, Liu W. Transplacental transfer of organochlorine pesticides: Concentration ratio and chiral properties. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104939. [PMID: 31252166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is limited information about the mechanism of the human transplacental transfer for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). This study aimed to evaluate the transplacental transfer of OCPs to better understand the influencing factors of exposure and transplacental efficiency. The study involved quantitative determination of OCPs and the enantiomer fraction (EF) of chiral OCPs in pregnant women from Wuhan, China. The results indicate that the exposure levels of OCPs varied in the order: maternal serum > cord serum > placenta. Chiral contaminants, such as α-HCH, o,p'-DDD and o,p'-DDT, were non-racemic in the three biological matrices, wherein EFα-HCH < 0.5, EFo,p'-DDD < 0.5, EFo,p'-DDT > 0.5. For HCHs, the concentration ratio between cord serum and maternal serum (Rcm) <1, while for DDXs, the Rcm ≈ 1, indicating that the transport efficiency of different pollutants is related to the physicochemical properties. These results showed that placenta seems to be a more efficient barrier for β-HCH than for p,p'-DDE. The concentration ratios across placenta significantly lower than 1 and the enantiomeric selective transfer imply that some OCPs may have more complicated maternal-fetus transfer mechanisms, involving both simple diffusion and active transport. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the transfer of OCPs and their enantiomer fractions across placenta. These findings could expand the database of chemical exposure in biological matrices and improve the understanding of the mechanisms of transplacental transfer of OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fangjie Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Weiping Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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30
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Requena M, López-Villén A, Hernández AF, Parrón T, Navarro Á, Alarcón R. Environmental exposure to pesticides and risk of thyroid diseases. Toxicol Lett 2019; 315:55-63. [PMID: 31445060 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides has been associated with thyroid dysfunction, particularly changes in circulating thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This study assessed the association between environmental exposure to pesticides and the risk of developing thyroid diseases. A population-based case-control study was carried out among Spanish populations living in areas categorized as of high or low pesticide use according to agronomic criteria, which were used as surrogates for environmental exposure to pesticides. The study population consisted of 79.431 individuals diagnosed with goiter, thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, and thyroiditis (according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision) and 1.484.257 controls matched for age, sex and area of residence. Data were collected from computerized hospital records for the period 1998 to 2015. Prevalence rates and risk of having thyroid diseases were significantly higher in areas with higher pesticide use, with a 49% greater risk for hypothyroidism, 45% for thyrotoxicosis, 20% for thyroiditis and 5% for goiter. Overall, this study indicates an association between increased environmental exposure to pesticides as a result of a greater agricultural use and diseases of the thyroid gland, thus supporting and extending previous evidence. This study also provides support to the methodology proposed for real-life risk simulation, thus contributing to a better understanding of the real life threat posed by exposure to multiple pesticides from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Antonio F Hernández
- Dept. Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain.
| | - Tesifón Parrón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain; Andalusian Council of Health at Almería Province, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Alarcón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
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31
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Yin S, Zhang J, Guo F, Zhao L, Poma G, Covaci A, Liu W. Supporting dataset and methods for Transplacental Transfer of Organochlorine Pesticides: Concentration Ratio and Chiral Properties. Data Brief 2019; 25:104278. [PMID: 31388523 PMCID: PMC6675946 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dataset and methods provided in this article supports "Transplacental Transfer of Organochlorine Pesticides: Concentration Ratio and Chiral Properties" [1]. The supplementary data were as follows: 1) the information on pretreatment and instrumental methods.2) the data for concentration in the maternal serum, cord serum and placenta samples and data interpretation. 3) the correlation between the influence factors and the log-transformed concentrations of the chemicals samples. 4) the dataset for transplacental transfer ratio of the OCPs and correlations with influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fangjie Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Weiping Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institution of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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32
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Residue Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides in Breast Milk and Its Associations with Cord Blood Thyroid Hormones and the Offspring's Neurodevelopment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16081438. [PMID: 31018505 PMCID: PMC6517872 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that organochlorine pesticide (OCP) exposure has a negative impact on the neurological function of infants. Only a few reports have investigated the thyroid and growth hormones and their relationship to neurodevelopment after human exposure to OCPs, especially in the case of infants. Our goal was to determine whether breastmilk OCP residues were associated with negative impacts and/or alterations in the neurodevelopment of infants among specific southern Taiwanese mother–breastfed infant pairs. Our subjects (n = 55 pairs) were recruited from southern Taiwan between 2007 and 2010. The thyroid and growth hormone levels in the cord blood samples collected after childbirth were determined. The breastmilk was gathered within one month after childbirth for the determination of OCP levels using a high-resolution gas chromatograph with mass spectrometry, and the neurodevelopment of 10–12-month-old infants was examined using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development®, Third Edition (Bayley-III). It was observed that 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (4,4′-DDE) (mean = 10.3 ng/g lipid) was the most predominant OCP compound in the breastmilk samples. At higher concentrations (>75th percentile), specific OCPs were associated with significantly lower levels of thyroid and growth hormones than at lower concentrations (<75th percentile). Significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) were observed for binary cognitive (OR = 8.09, p = 0.025 for 4,4′-DDT), language (OR = 11.9, p = 0.013 for 4,4′-DDT) and social–emotional (OR = 6.06, p = 0.01 for trans-CHL) composite scores for specific OCPs belonging to the lower exposure group as compared to the higher OCP exposure group. The five domain Bayley-III infant neurodevelopment outcomes were negatively associated with specific OCPs in the breast milk samples based on the redundancy analysis (RDA) test. Bayley-III scales, which include cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive behavior scales, could be predicted by 4,4′-DDT, endrin, endosulfan I, heptachlor, or heptachlor epoxide using multivariate linear regression models with adjustment for maternal age, pre-pregnant BMI, parity, and infant gender. In conclusion, although our study showed that postnatal exposure to breast milk OCPs may be associated with infant neurodevelopmental outcomes and that prenatal exposure, if extrapolated from breastmilk levels, is associated with changes in thyroid and growth hormones that may have effects on neurodevelopment, these associations are only suggestive; thus, further studies are recommended for confirmation.
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Gorini F, Iervasi G, Coi A, Pitto L, Bianchi F. The Role of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Thyroid Carcinogenesis: Is It a Weak Hypothesis or a Hidden Reality? From Facts to New Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091834. [PMID: 30149577 PMCID: PMC6165121 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased faster than that of any other malignant tumor type. The cause of thyroid cancer is likely multifactorial and a variety of both exogenous and endogenous has been identified as potential risk factors. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used since the 1970s as flame retardants, are still widespread and persistent pollutants today, although their production was definitely phased out in the western countries several years ago. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are known endocrine disruptors, and the endocrine system is their primary target. Whereas animal studies have ascertained the ability of PBDEs to affect the normal functionality of the thyroid, evidence in humans remains inconclusive, and only a few epidemiological studies investigated the association between exposure to PBDEs and thyroid cancer. However, a number of clues suggest that a prolonged exposure to these chemicals might act a trigger of the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, whereas further studies with an advanced design are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessio Coi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Letizia Pitto
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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34
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Chen MW, Santos HM, Que DE, Gou YY, Tayo LL, Hsu YC, Chen YB, Chen FA, Chao HR, Huang KL. Association between Organochlorine Pesticide Levels in Breast Milk and Their Effects on Female Reproduction in a Taiwanese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050931. [PMID: 29735922 PMCID: PMC5981970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Only few studies have focused on organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in breast milk and the related health risks for women in Taiwan. Our goal is to examine breast milk OCPs and their associations with female reproductive function (infertility, gynecological diseases, and menstruation characteristics) as well as their correlation with sociodemographic parameters (age, pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI), annual incomes, population, birth year, and parity) and dietary habit. The breast milk samples were collected in southern Taiwan (n = 68) from 2013 to 2016 and the OCP residues were analyzed using high resolution gas chromatography with low resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/LRMS). The results show that the most abundant OCP residues in the breast milk was ΣDDT with the geometric mean ± standard deviation of 9.81 ± 7.52 ng−1 lipid−1 followed by ΣHCH (0.539 ± 0.557 ng−1·lipid−1). In the principal component analysis, cis-chlordane (cis-CHL) and γ-HCH were found to be related to participants who received medical treatment for infertility, and 4,4′-DDT was associated with those who received gynecological surgery. The logistic regression showed that the odds ratio (OR) of log γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) was higher for mothers who had received medical treatment for infertility than for the normal group (OR = 25.6, p = 0.035) after adjustments for age, pre-pregnant BMI, annual income, population (i.e., native-born Taiwanese), birth year, and parity. Cow milk and beef consumption as well as menstruation characteristics such as average menstrual period (>5 days), shortest menstrual period (<3 days), and women who had taken hormonal drugs were significantly associated to several OCP residues in the breast milk. In addition, ΣHCH including β-HCH and γ-HCH was correlated with annual family income and gravidity as well as cow milk and beef consumptions. Overall, γ-HCH exhibited a probable association with the infertility diseases of Taiwanese women, and dietary habit might play an important role in the female Taiwanese exposure to OCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Wen Chen
- Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
| | - Harvey M Santos
- School of Chemical Biological, and materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa university, Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines.
| | - Danielle E Que
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-You Gou
- Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical Biological, and materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa university, Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines.
| | - Yi-Chyun Hsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan City 710, Taiwan.
| | - Young-Bin Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy & Graduate, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
| | - How-Ran Chao
- Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
- Institute of Food Safety Management, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Lin Huang
- Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung County 912, Taiwan.
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Mughal BB, Fini JB, Demeneix BA. Thyroid-disrupting chemicals and brain development: an update. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:R160-R186. [PMID: 29572405 PMCID: PMC5890081 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent findings on the main categories of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals and their effects on brain development. We draw mostly on epidemiological and experimental data published in the last decade. For each chemical class considered, we deal with not only the thyroid hormone-disrupting effects but also briefly mention the main mechanisms by which the same chemicals could modify estrogen and/or androgen signalling, thereby exacerbating adverse effects on endocrine-dependent developmental programmes. Further, we emphasize recent data showing how maternal thyroid hormone signalling during early pregnancy affects not only offspring IQ, but also neurodevelopmental disease risk. These recent findings add to established knowledge on the crucial importance of iodine and thyroid hormone for optimal brain development. We propose that prenatal exposure to mixtures of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals provides a plausible biological mechanism contributing to current increases in the incidence of neurodevelopmental disease and IQ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal B Mughal
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Barbara A Demeneix
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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36
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Zhang X, Wu X, Lei B, Jing Y, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Fang X, Yu Y. Transplacental transfer characteristics of organochlorine pesticides in paired maternal and cord sera, and placentas and possible influencing factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:446-454. [PMID: 29100182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites [dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane], hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), are widely detected in humans despite the considerable decline in environmental concentrations. To understand the placental transfer of OCPs and the possible maternal influence on them, we measured the concentrations of DDTs, HCHs, and HCB in 102 paired samples of maternal and cord sera, and placentas collected in Shanghai, China. The median concentrations of DDTs and HCHs were the highest in maternal sera (601, 188 ng g-1 lipid), followed by umbilical cord sera (389, 131 ng g-1 lipid), and placentas (65, 37 ng g-1 lipid). 4,4'-DDE, β-HCH, and HCB were the predominant contaminants in the three matrices. The ubiquitous existence of OCPs, and the significant concentration relationships of DDTs, HCHs, and OCPs in the three matrices suggested placental transfer from mother to fetus. The lipid-based concentration ratios of 4,4'-DDE, β-HCH, and HCB in umbilical cord serum to those in maternal serum (F/M), and ratios of placenta to maternal serum (P/M) ranged from 0.66 to 1.01, and 0.12 to 0.25, respectively. Maternal variables affected the levels of fetal contamination. For primiparous women, significant correlations between maternal age and maternal HCHs, and between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and maternal HCHs were found. The negative effect of parity, and the positive effect of food consumption on maternal OCP concentrations were also observed, although there were no significant differences. The possible influence of parity on F/M and P/M of 4,4'-DDE suggested borderline significant differences between primiparous and multiparous women. Also, slight group differences were observed between elder and younger women, and between overweight and normal/underweight women. Parity seems to have a potential influence on transfer ratios of some OCP pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xia Wu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Bingli Lei
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Ye Jing
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zi'an Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Shanghai Huangpu Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai 200020, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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Determination of thyroid hormones in placenta using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1534:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Luo D, Pu Y, Tian H, Wu W, Sun X, Zhou T, Tao Y, Yuan J, Shen X, Feng Y, Mei S. Association of in utero exposure to organochlorine pesticides with thyroid hormone levels in cord blood of newborns. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:78-86. [PMID: 28787707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) had been widely used in agriculture and disease prevention from the 1940s-1960s. Currently, OCPs are raising global concerns due to their associated prevalent contamination and adverse health effects, such as endocrine disruption. Several epidemiological studies have explored the underlying association of OCPs on thyroid hormone (TH) status in adults and newborns, but the results of studies performed on newborns are often inconclusive. This exploratory study was conducted with the purpose of assessing the potential association of the prenatal exposure to OCPs with the concentrations of TH in the cord blood of newborns from China. Cord blood and information on demographic characteristics were collected from 115 newborns between November 2013 and June 2014. The exposure levels of 17 OCPs were measured with a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and TH levels including free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were detected using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay methods. After adjusting for confounding factors (the age of pregnant mothers, education level, monthly household income, parity, and sex of the newborns), we found marginally significant inverse associations of cord plasma measurements of ∑hexachlorcyclohexanes (∑HCHs), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (ρ,ρ'-DDE) and methoxychlor with FT4 levels, but not with FT3 and TSH levels. Moreover, higher cord plasma levels of aldrin, dieldrin, ∑dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (∑DDTs), ∑Drins, and ∑OCPs were found to be related to the increase in cord plasma TSH levels after the adjustment for confounders. The results of this exploratory study indicate that in utero exposure to certain OCPs may affect TH status in newborns, and therefore, pose potential effects on early human development. Further research, with larger sample sizes, should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yabing Pu
- Dongcheng District Community Health Service Management Center, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Haoyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #27 Nan Wei Road, West City District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Weixiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #27 Nan Wei Road, West City District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yaqian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Surong Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in newborns and early life exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals: analysis of three European mother-child cohorts. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:429-437. [PMID: 28288144 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundVarious studies have reported interactions between thyroid hormones and early life chemical exposure. Our objective was to analyze the associations between markers of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure and thyroid function in newborns, determined through heel prick blood spots.MethodsThree European mother-child cohorts (FLEHSI-Belgium, HUMIS-Norway, and the PCB cohort-Slovakia. Total n=1,784) were pooled for the purpose of this study. Data on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were obtained from national neonatal screening registries, and samples of cord plasma and/or breast milk were collected to determine exposure to various chemicals. Multiple regression models were composed with exposure and cohort as fixed factors, and adjustments were made for a priori defined covariates.ResultsMedian TSH concentrations were 1, 1.10, and 2.76 mU/l for the Belgian, Norwegian, and Slovak cohorts, respectively. For polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-153 and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), children in the third exposure quartile had a 12-15% lower TSH at birth. Results remained unchanged after additional adjustment for birth weight and gestational weight gain. No effect on TSH was observed for the other compounds.ConclusionEarly life exposure to PCB-153 and p,p'-DDE impacts newborn TSH levels. Higher exposure levels were associated with 12-15% lower TSH levels.
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Llop S, Murcia M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Grimalt JO, Santa-Marina L, Julvez J, Goñi-Irigoyen F, Espada M, Ballester F, Rebagliato M, Lopez-Espinosa MJ. Association between exposure to organochlorine compounds and maternal thyroid status: Role of the iodothyronine deiodinase 1 gene. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 104:83-90. [PMID: 28395858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to organochlorine compounds (OCs) may interfere with thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis. The disruption of the deiodinase (DIO) enzymes has been proposed as a mechanism of action. AIM To evaluate the association between exposure to OCs and TH status in pregnant women, as well as to explore the role of genetic variations in the DIO1 and DIO2 genes. METHODS The study population (n=1128) was composed of pregnant women who participated in the INMA Project (Spain, 2003-2006). Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4´-DDE), b-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH), polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) congeners 138, 153 and 180, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured in serum samples taken during the first trimester of pregnancy (mean [standard deviation (SD)]: 13.5 [2] weeks of gestation). Polymorphisms in DIO1 (rs2235544) and DIO2 (rs12885300) were genotyped in maternal DNA. Sociodemographic and dietary characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. RESULTS A 2-fold increase in HCB was associated with lower TT3 (% change=-1.48; 95%CI: -2.36, -0.60). Women in the third tertile for b-HCH had lower TT3 (% change=-3.19; 95%CI: -5.64, -0.67). The interactions between DIO1 rs2235544 and PCB153 and b-HCH were statistically significant. The inverse association between PCB153 and TT3 was the strongest among women with AA genotype. Women with CC genotype presented the strongest inverse association between b-HCH and FT4. CONCLUSION Exposure to HCB and b-HCH was associated to a disruption in maternal TT3. The DIO1 rs2235544 SNP modified the association between exposure to some of the OCs (specifically b-HCH and PCB153) and maternal thyroid hormone levels. These results strengthen the hypothesis that DIO enzymes play a role in explaining the disruption of thyroid hormones in relation to exposure to OCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mario Murcia
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, San Sebastián, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Gobierno Vasco, Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Goñi-Irigoyen
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Biodonostia, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, San Sebastián, Spain; Public Health Laboratory, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Ballester
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisa Rebagliato
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Jayaraj R, Megha P, Sreedev P. Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment. Interdiscip Toxicol 2017; 9:90-100. [PMID: 28652852 PMCID: PMC5464684 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine (OC) pesticides are synthetic pesticides widely used all over the world. They belong to the group of chlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives, which have vast application in the chemical industry and in agriculture. These compounds are known for their high toxicity, slow degradation and bioaccumulation. Even though many of the compounds which belong to OC were banned in developed countries, the use of these agents has been rising. This concerns particularly abuse of these chemicals which is in practice across the continents. Though pesticides have been developed with the concept of target organism toxicity, often non-target species are affected badly by their application. The purpose of this review is to list the major classes of pesticides, to understand organochlorine pesticides based on their activity and persistence, and also to understand their biochemical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindran Jayaraj
- Division of Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Pankajshan Megha
- Division of Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Puthur Sreedev
- Division of Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Chang C, Chen M, Gao J, Luo J, Wu K, Dong T, Zhou K, He X, Hu W, Wu W, Lu C, Hang B, Meeker JD, Wang X, Xia Y. Current pesticide profiles in blood serum of adults in Jiangsu Province of China and a comparison with other countries. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 102:213-222. [PMID: 28284820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although various pesticides were used globally, the pesticides profiles in human blood serum remain largely unknown. We determined pesticide exposure profiles using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography tandem with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in 200 human blood serum samples from the adult population in Jiangsu Province, China. A systematic and comprehensive literature review was carried out to identify the articles investigating pesticide exposure and compare exposure data. Of the 88 pesticides, 76 were found in the blood serum of the population in Jiangsu Province. To the best of our knowledge, 58 pesticides were reported in human blood serum for the first time, and among these pesticides, parathion-methyl, pyrimethanil, fluacrypyrim, simazine, cloquintocet-mexyl and barban were debatable in more than half of the samples. By statistical comparison of the blood serum levels of pesticides between this study and other countries, we found the levels of several organochlorine pesticides were significantly higher in the female population of Jiangsu Province. Health risks related to the pesticide profiling were then revealed, which identified higher carcinogenic toxicity and teratogenic toxicity risk in the female adults of Jiangsu Province caused by organochlorine pesticide exposure. This study not only provides a high-throughput pesticide screening method for future studies of the exposome, but also presents the first human data on exposure to a number of pesticides. It may provide a knowledge database for the risk assessment and management of the pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jiawei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Keqin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaowei He
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Hang
- Department of Organismal Systems and Bioresilience, Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94549, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Zhu J, Janesick A, Wu L, Hu L, Tang W, Blumberg B, Shi H. The unexpected teratogenicity of RXR antagonist UVI3003 via activation of PPARγ in Xenopus tropicalis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 314:91-97. [PMID: 27894914 PMCID: PMC5183475 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The RXR agonist (triphenyltin, TPT) and the RXR antagonist (UVI3003) both show teratogenicity and, unexpectedly, induce similar malformations in Xenopus tropicalis embryos. In the present study, we exposed X. tropicalis embryos to UVI3003 in seven specific developmental windows and identified changes in gene expression. We further measured the ability of UVI3003 to activate Xenopus RXRα (xRXRα) and PPARγ (xPPARγ) in vitro and in vivo. We found that UVI3003 activated xPPARγ either in Cos7 cells (in vitro) or Xenopus embryos (in vivo). UVI3003 did not significantly activate human or mouse PPARγ in vitro; therefore, the activation of Xenopus PPARγ by UVI3003 is novel. The ability of UVI3003 to activate xPPARγ explains why UVI3003 and TPT yield similar phenotypes in Xenopus embryos. Our results indicate that activating PPARγ leads to teratogenic effects in Xenopus embryos. More generally, we infer that chemicals known to specifically modulate mammalian nuclear hormone receptors cannot be assumed to have the same activity in non-mammalian species, such as Xenopus. Rather they must be tested for activity and specificity on receptors of the species in question to avoid making inappropriate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Amanda Janesick
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA
| | - Lijiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lingling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Weiyi Tang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2300, USA
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Dubińska-Magiera M, Daczewska M, Lewicka A, Migocka-Patrzałek M, Niedbalska-Tarnowska J, Jagla K. Zebrafish: A Model for the Study of Toxicants Affecting Muscle Development and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1941. [PMID: 27869769 PMCID: PMC5133936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid progress in medicine, agriculture, and allied sciences has enabled the development of a large amount of potentially useful bioactive compounds, such as drugs and pesticides. However, there is another side of this phenomenon, which includes side effects and environmental pollution. To avoid or minimize the uncontrollable consequences of using the newly developed compounds, researchers seek a quick and effective means of their evaluation. In achieving this goal, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has proven to be a highly useful tool, mostly because of its fast growth and development, as well as the ability to absorb the molecules diluted in water through its skin and gills. In this review, we focus on the reports concerning the application of zebrafish as a model for assessing the impact of toxicants on skeletal muscles, which share many structural and functional similarities among vertebrates, including zebrafish and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dubińska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Lewicka
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Migocka-Patrzałek
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Niedbalska-Tarnowska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jagla
- GReD-Genetics, Reproduction and Development Laboratory, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, University of Clermont-Auvergne, 28 Place Henri-Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Luo D, Pu Y, Tian H, Cheng J, Zhou T, Tao Y, Yuan J, Sun X, Mei S. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in umbilical cord blood and related lifestyle and dietary intake factors among pregnant women of the Huaihe River Basin in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:276-283. [PMID: 27123771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with highly lipophilic properties, long half-lives, and persistence in the environment, are prevalent in the environment even though they have been banned for >30years. We aimed to investigate the current OCP exposure levels in cord blood from healthy pregnant women residing in the Huaihe River Basin, China, and examined the association between OCP levels and dietary habits and lifestyle factors. In this study, we measured the exposure levels of 17 OCPs in the umbilical cord blood from 999 healthy pregnant women; we also administered 1000 self-reported questionnaires regarding the general characteristics and dietary habits of those women. Our results showed that ρ,ρ'-DDE, ρ,ρ'-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, and methoxychlor, which had higher measured concentrations (2.01±1.89, 4.31±5.68, 7.29±8.74, 5.27±7.65, and 0.98±1.42ng/mL, respectively) and detection frequencies (99.69%, 100.00%, 81.79%, 75.00%, and 74.49%, respectively), were the predominant OCPs in cord blood, and the higher levels of DDTs, aldrin, dieldrin, and methoxychlor were mainly due to recent use. In addition, most of the HCHs in cord blood were derived not only from historical use of technical HCH, but also from the additional use of lindane. In addition, we found that the education level of the pregnant women and monthly household income were positively correlated with OCP levels, particularly ρ,ρ'-DDE, aldrin, and dieldrin. Furthermore, the consumption of red meat (pork, beef, and lamb), fish, and bean products may be an important contributing factor to the increased concentrations of OCPs in cord blood, while the intake of poultry and pickles was negatively correlated with aldrin level. This study is the first to provide adequate data on current OCP exposure levels in cord blood from pregnant women in the Huaihe River Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yabing Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Haoyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #27 Nan Wei Road, West City District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #27 Nan Wei Road, West City District, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Surong Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Silver MK, Shao J, Chen M, Xia Y, Lozoff B, Meeker JD. Distribution and Predictors of Pesticides in the Umbilical Cord Blood of Chinese Newborns. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:E94. [PMID: 26729147 PMCID: PMC4730485 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rates of pesticide use in Chinese agriculture are five times greater than the global average, leading to high exposure via the diet. Many are neurotoxic, making prenatal pesticide exposure a concern. Previous studies of prenatal exposure in China focused almost entirely on organochlorines. Here the study goals were to characterize the exposure of Chinese newborns to all classes of pesticides and identify predictors of those exposures. Eighty-four pesticides and 12 metabolites were measured in the umbilical cord plasma of 336 infants. Composite variables were created for totals detected overall and by class. Individual pesticides were analyzed as dichotomous or continuous, based on detection rates. Relationships between demographic characteristics and pesticides were evaluated using generalized linear regression. Seventy-five pesticides were detected. The mean number of detects per sample was 15.3. Increased pesticide detects were found in the cord blood of infants born in the summer (β = 2.2, p = 0.01), particularly in July (β = 4.0, p = 0.03). Similar trends were observed for individual insecticide classes. Thus, a summer birth was the strongest predictor of pesticide evidence in cord blood. Associations were more striking for overall pesticide exposure than for individual pesticides, highlighting the importance of considering exposure to mixtures of pesticides, rather than individual agents or classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica K Silver
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Jie Shao
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Minjian Chen
- Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yankai Xia
- Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, MI 41809, USA.
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, MI 48109, USA.
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Abstract
Increasing quantities of evidence-based data incriminate a large number of environmental pollutants for toxic effects on the thyroid. Among the many chemical contaminants, halogenated organochlorines and pesticides variably affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and disrupt thyroid function. PCBs and their metabolites and PBDEs bind to thyroid transport proteins, such as transthyretin, displace thyroxine, and disrupt thyroid function. Meanwhile, at the molecular level, PCB congeners may activate phosphorylation of Akt, p-Akt, and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) protein resulting in inhibition of the natrium/iodide symporter. Given therefore the growing concern developing around these multiple toxic chemicals today invading numerous environments and their long-term deleterious effects not only on the thyroid but also on general health, we strongly advocate their strict regulation and, moreover, their gradual reduction. A good degree of "lateral thinking", we feel, will lead to a use of chemicals that will enhance life while concurrently carefully protecting the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas H Duntas
- Evgenidion Hospital, Unit of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Thyroid Section, University of Athens, 20 Papadiamantopoulou Str., 10520, Athens, Greece.
| | - Nikos Stathatos
- Department of Medicine, Thyroid Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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48
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Tyagi V, Garg N, Mustafa MD, Banerjee BD, Guleria K. Organochlorine pesticide levels in maternal blood and placental tissue with reference to preterm birth: a recent trend in North Indian population. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:471. [PMID: 26122123 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been widely used in public health and agriculture programs in developed as well as developing countries, including India. Being xenoestrogenic in nature, OCPs may act as endocrine disruptors leading to preterm birth (PTB) through disturbance of normal estrogen-progesterone ratio. PTB is the leading cause of neonatal deaths worldwide. Therefore, the present study is aimed to determine the extent to which persistent environmental chemicals may accumulate in pregnant women and placenta and ascertain possible associations between exposure level and period of gestation (POG), baby weight, and/or placental weight in PTB cases. Maternal blood and placenta samples of PTB cases (n = 50) and subjects of term delivery as controls (n = 50) were collected. OCP residue levels were estimated by the gas chromatography system equipped with an electron capture detector. Significantly higher levels of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were found in maternal blood of PTB cases as compared to control. Significantly higher levels of DDE and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were also found in placental tissue of PTB cases as compared to control group. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between maternal blood level of α-HCH and birth-weight (r = -0.299) and POG (r = -0.234). γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) and dieldrin had a negative correlation with placental weight (r = -0.401 and -0.256, respectively), and DDE and β-HCH had a negative correlation with POG (r = -0.251 and -0.229, respectively). The presence of OCPs in maternal blood and placental tissue represents prenatal exposure hazard for fetuses due to chronic bioaccumulation and poor elimination with possible deleterious effect on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Tyagi
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & G.T.B. Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
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49
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Shi X, Tang Z, Sun A, Zhou L, Zhao J, Li D, Chen J, Pan D. Simultaneous analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in seawater samples by membrane-assisted solvent extraction combined with gas chromatography–electron capture detector and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 972:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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