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Kuang HX, Liu Y, Wang JR, Li MY, Zhou Y, Meng LX, Xiang MD, Yu YJ. Revealing the links between hair metal(loids) and alterations in blood pressure among children in e-waste recycling areas through urinary metabolomics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176352. [PMID: 39299322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is prevalent in e-waste recycling areas, and elevated blood pressure in children significantly increases the risk of hypertension in adulthood. However, the associations and toxic pathways between chronic exposure to metal(loids) and elevated blood pressure are rarely investigated. In this study, we measured the levels of 29 hair metal(loids) (chronic exposure biomarkers) and blood pressure in 667 susceptible children from an e-waste recycling area to explore their relationships. Paired urine metabolomics analysis was also performed to interpret potential mechanistic pathways. Results showed that the hypertension prevalence in our recruited children (13.0 %) exceeded the average rate (9.5 %) for Chinese children aged 6-17 years. The top five abundant metal(loids), including lead, strontium, barium, and zinc, demonstrated the most profound associations with elevated systolic blood pressure. Quantile g-computation, weighted quantile sum, and Bayesian kernel machine regression analysis jointly demonstrated a significant association between chronic exposure to metal(loids) mixture and systolic blood pressure. Interestingly, selenium showed significant antagonistic interactions with these four metals, suggesting that supplementing selenium may help children resist the elevated blood pressure induced by metal(loids) exposure. Increased metal(loids) and blood pressure levels were significantly linked to changes in urine metabolomics. Structural equation model indicated that androsterone glucuronide and N-Acetyl-1-aspartylglutamic acid were the significant mediators of the associations between metal(loids) and blood pressure, with mediation effects of 77.4 % and 29.0 %, respectively, suggesting that androsterone glucuronide and N-Acetyl-1-aspartylglutamic acid may be involved in the development of metal-induced blood pressure elevating effect. Girls were more vulnerable to metal(loids)-induced hormonal imbalance, especially androsterone glucuronide, than boys. Chronic exposure to metal(loids) at e-waste recycling sites may contribute to elevated blood pressure in children through disrupting various metabolism pathways, particularly hormonal balance. Our study provides new insights into potential mechanistic pathways of metal(loids)-induced changes in children's blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Kuang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jia-Rong Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Meng-Yang Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Lin-Xue Meng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Ming-Deng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
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Huang N, Wang B, Liu S, Wang K, Wang R, Liu F, Chen C. Cadmium exposure in infants and children: toxicity, health effects, dietary risk assessment and mitigation strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39264340 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2403036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
As a non-essential metal, cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to food safety and public health. This risk is particularly pronounced for infants and young children due to their high food consumption relative to body weight and immature physiological systems. This review examines the health risks associated with Cd exposure, particularly during the prenatal period through adolescence. It evaluates the prevalence of Cd-rich foods in children's diets and their intake levels across various countries. The review demonstrates that Cd exposure is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, immune dysfunction, and cardiovascular diseases. It also highlights geographic differences in exposure, with some Asian countries, such as Thailand and China, exhibiting higher overall levels of Cd intake among children compared to other regions. This review presents several recommendations to mitigate Cd intake during early childhood, including reducing the Cd content in food, inhibiting Cd absorption, and promoting its excretion from the body. To minimize the risk of dietary Cd intake in children, it is recommended that stringent regulations of Cd limits in children's food be implemented, alongside a coordinated multi-stakeholder effort. This review provides important insights into effective public health policy development, laying the foundation for achieving broader public health goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Huang
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baozhen Wang
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kebo Wang
- Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Ruike Wang
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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3
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Ortega-Romero M, Rojas-Lima E, Rubio-Gutiérrez JC, Aztatzi-Aguilar OG, Narváez-Morales J, Esparza-García M, Barrera-Hernández Á, Mejia MÁ, Mendez-Hernández P, Medeiros M, Barbier OC. Associations among environmental exposure to trace elements and biomarkers of early kidney damage in the pediatric population. Biometals 2024; 37:721-737. [PMID: 38642266 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In kidney damage, molecular changes can be used as early damage kidney biomarkers, such as Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. These biomarkers are associated with toxic metal exposure or disturbed homeostasis of trace elements, which might lead to serious health hazards. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between exposure to trace elements and early damage kidney biomarkers in a pediatric population. METHODS In Tlaxcala, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 914 healthy individuals. The participants underwent a medical review and a socio-environmental questionnaire. Five early damage kidney biomarkers were determined in the urine with Luminex, and molybdenum, copper, selenium, nickel, and iodine were measured with ICP-Mass. RESULTS The eGFR showed a median of 103.75 mL/min/1.73 m2. The median levels for molybdenum, copper, selenium, nickel, and iodine were 24.73 ng/mL, 73.35 ng/mL, 4.78 ng/mL, 83.68 ng/mL, and 361.83 ng/mL, respectively. Except for molybdenum and nickel, the other trace elements had significant associations with the eGFR and the early kidney damage biomarkers. Additionally, we report the association of different exposure scenarios with renal parameters. DISCUSSION and Conclusions. Among the explored metals, exposure to Cu and iodine impairs renal function. In contrast, Se may manifest as a beneficial metal. Interactions of Mo-Se and Mo-Iodine seem to alter the expression of NGAL; Mo-Cu for CLU; Mo-Cu, Mo-Se, and Mo-iodine for Cys-C and a-1MG; and Mo-Cu and Mo-iodine for KIM-1; were noticed. Our study could suggest that trace element interactions were associated with early kidney damage biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolo Ortega-Romero
- Unidad de Investigación en Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral Óseo, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elodia Rojas-Lima
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Rubio-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Octavio Gamaliel Aztatzi-Aguilar
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juana Narváez-Morales
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mariela Esparza-García
- Unidad de Investigación en Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral Óseo, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ángel Barrera-Hernández
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Mejia
- Fundación Franco-Mexicana Para La Medicina, I.A.P, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pablo Mendez-Hernández
- Departamento de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Mara Medeiros
- Unidad de Investigación en Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral Óseo, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Olivier Christophe Barbier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Ali Hussein M, Kamalakkannan A, Valinezhad K, Kannan J, Paleati N, Saad R, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Munirathinam G. The dynamic face of cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, emerging trends, and future directions. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100166. [PMID: 38706786 PMCID: PMC11068539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a malleable element with odorless, tasteless characteristics that occurs naturally in the earth's crust, underground water, and soil. The most common reasons for the anthropological release of Cd to the environment include industrial metal mining, smelting, battery manufacturing, fertilizer production, and cigarette smoking. Cadmium-containing products may enter the environment as soluble salts, vapor, or particle forms that accumulate in food, soil, water, and air. Several epidemiological studies have highlighted the association between Cd exposure and adverse health outcomes, especially renal toxicity, and the impact of Cd exposure on the development and progression of carcinogenesis. Also highlighted is the evidence for early-life and even maternal exposure to Cd leading to devastating health outcomes, especially the risk of cancer development in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Cd mediates carcinogenic transformation, including epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, dysregulated non-coding RNA, DNA damage in the form of DNA mutation, strand breaks, and chromosomal abnormalities with double-strand break representing the most common DNA form of damage. Cd induces an indirect genotoxic effect by reducing p53's DNA binding activity, eventually impairing DNA repair, inducing downregulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which might result in carcinogenic transformation, enhancing lipid peroxidation or evasion of antioxidant interference such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Moreover, Cd mediates apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, and survival mechanisms. In this review, we decipher the role of Cd mediating carcinogenic transformation in different models and highlight the interaction between various mechanisms. We also discuss diagnostic markers, therapeutic interventions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 57357 Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE), School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abishek Kamalakkannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Kamyab Valinezhad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jhishnuraj Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nikhila Paleati
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Undergraduate Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rama Saad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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5
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Satarug S. Is Chronic Kidney Disease Due to Cadmium Exposure Inevitable and Can It Be Reversed? Biomedicines 2024; 12:718. [PMID: 38672074 PMCID: PMC11048639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a metal with no nutritional value or physiological role. However, it is found in the body of most people because it is a contaminant of nearly all food types and is readily absorbed. The body burden of Cd is determined principally by its intestinal absorption rate as there is no mechanism for its elimination. Most acquired Cd accumulates within the kidney tubular cells, where its levels increase through to the age of 50 years but decline thereafter due to its release into the urine as the injured tubular cells die. This is associated with progressive kidney disease, which is signified by a sustained decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria. Generally, reductions in eGFR after Cd exposure are irreversible, and are likely to decline further towards kidney failure if exposure persists. There is no evidence that the elimination of current environmental exposure can reverse these effects and no theoretical reason to believe that such a reversal is possible. This review aims to provide an update on urinary and blood Cd levels that were found to be associated with GFR loss and albuminuria in the general populations. A special emphasis is placed on the mechanisms underlying albumin excretion in Cd-exposed persons, and for an accurate measure of the doses-response relationships between Cd exposure and eGFR, its excretion rate must be normalised to creatinine clearance. The difficult challenge of establishing realistic Cd exposure guidelines such that human health is protected, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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6
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Satarug S, Vesey DA, Khamphaya T, Pouyfung P, Gobe GC, Yimthiang S. Estimation of the Cadmium Nephrotoxicity Threshold from Loss of Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria. TOXICS 2023; 11:755. [PMID: 37755765 PMCID: PMC10534899 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive, toxic environmental pollutant that preferentially accumulates in the tubular epithelium of the kidney. Current evidence suggests that the cumulative burden of Cd here leads to the progressive loss of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In this study, we have quantified changes in estimated GFR (eGFR) and albumin excretion (Ealb) according to the levels of blood Cd ([Cd]b) and excretion of Cd (ECd) after adjustment for confounders. ECd and Ealb were normalized to creatinine clearance (Ccr) as ECd/Ccr and Ealb/Ccr. Among 482 residents of Cd-polluted and non-polluted regions of Thailand, 8.1% had low eGFR and 16.9% had albuminuria (Ealb/Ccr) × 100 ≥ 20 mg/L filtrate. In the low Cd burden group, (ECd/Ccr) × 100 < 1.44 µg/L filtrate, eGFR did not correlate with ECd/Ccr (β = 0.007) while an inverse association with ECd/Ccr was found in the medium (β = -0.230) and high burden groups (β = -0.349). Prevalence odds ratios (POR) for low eGFR were increased in the medium (POR 8.26) and high Cd burden groups (POR 3.64). Also, eGFR explained a significant proportion of Ealb/Ccr variation among those with middle (η2 0.093) and high [Cd]b tertiles (η2 0.132) but did not with low tertiles (η2 0.001). With an adjustment of eGFR, age and BMI, the POR values for albuminuria were increased in the middle (POR 2.36) and high [Cd]b tertiles (POR 2.74) and those with diabetes (POR 6.02) and hypertension (2.05). These data indicate that (ECd/Ccr) × 100 of 1.44 µg/L filtrate (0.01-0.02 µg/g creatinine) may serve as a Cd threshold level based on which protective exposure guidelines should be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- The Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (D.A.V.); (G.C.G.)
| | - David A. Vesey
- The Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (D.A.V.); (G.C.G.)
- Department of Kidney and Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Tanaporn Khamphaya
- Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (T.K.); (P.P.); (S.Y.)
| | - Phisit Pouyfung
- Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (T.K.); (P.P.); (S.Y.)
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- The Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia; (D.A.V.); (G.C.G.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for CKD QLD, UQ Health Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - Supabhorn Yimthiang
- Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (T.K.); (P.P.); (S.Y.)
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7
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Du G, Song X, Zhou F, Ouyang L, Li Q, Ruan S, Yang S, Rao S, Wan X, Xie J, Feng C, Fan G. Association between multiple metal(loid)s exposure and renal function: a cross-sectional study from southeastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:94552-94564. [PMID: 37532974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In the real world, humans are exposed to multiple metal(loid)s (designated hereafter metals) that contain essential metals as well as toxic metals. Exposure to the metal mixture was assumed to be associated with renal function impairment; however, there is no consensus on available studies. Therefore, we here explored the association between multiple metals exposure and indicators of renal function in the general population from southeastern China. A total of 11 metals with 6 human essential metals and 5 toxic metals were determined in the selected 720 subjects. In addition, serum uric acid (SUA), serum creatinine (SCR), and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured or calculated as indicators of renal function. Using multiple flexible statistical models of generalized linear model, elastic net regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression, the joint as well as the individual effect of metals within the mixture, and the interactions between metals were explored. When exposed to the metal mixture, the statistically non-significantly increased SUA, the significantly increased SCR, and the significantly declined eGFR were observed. In addition, the declined renal function may be primarily attributed to lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and nickel (Ni) exposure. Finally, interactions, such as the synergistic effect between Pb and Mo on SUA, whereas the antagonistic effect between Ni and Cd on SCR and eGFR were identified. Our finding suggests that combined exposure to multiple metals would impair renal function. Therefore, reducing exposure to toxic heavy metals of Pb, As, and Cd and limiting exposure to the human essential metal of Ni would protect renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Du
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Song
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Environmental Health, 555 Beijingdong Road, Qingshanhu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330046, People's Republic of China
| | - Fankun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Ruan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Stress, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqi Rao
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangqin Fan
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Luo K, Zhou L, Xie C, Yang Q, Tan L, Lin Q. High-fidelity fluorescent probes for visualizing the inhibitory behavior of selenium on cadmium uptake in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131748. [PMID: 37267647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a widespread and highly toxic environmental contaminant, has seriously impacted the growth of rice and the quality of its products. Hence, it is crucial to monitor and employ robust means to reduce Cd levels in rice, and selenium (Se) has been proven to chelate cadmium ion (Cd2+) in rice with rational use. Herein, for the first time, the reported selenocysteine (Sec) probe NN-Sec and the newly designed Cd2+ probe SCP were chosen as visualization tools to monitor Sec-inhibited Cd2+ uptake in rice. Specifically, reduced fluorescence of rice precultured with Cd2+ was observed by SCP after Se application, while similarly decreased fluorescence of rice pretreated with Se was observed by NN-Sec after Cd2+ addition. The diminished fluorescence indicated the formation of Cd-Se complexes reduced the Cd2+ content in rice. Additionally, it was Cd2+ and Se that entered the rice causing the fluorescence generation, as demonstrated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To conclude, the two probes successfully visualized Se inhibited Cd2+ uptake in rice, which could provide a robust tool for supporting the development of novel organic fertilizers and reagents to reduce Cd2+ content in rice and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Can Xie
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Qiaomei Yang
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Libin Tan
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing,National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Shen Z, Wang R, He P, Zhang Z, Dai Y, Li M, Liu Z, Yang H, Guan S, Sun J. Association between urinary metal concentrations and abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate in Chinese community-dwelling elderly: Exploring the mediating effect of triglycerides. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:114966. [PMID: 37182299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental metal exposure is associated with elevated triglycerides (TG) and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relationship between metal exposure and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remains uncertain, and the mediating effect of TG between the two is unclear. METHODS This study measured the concentrations of 14 metals in urine samples from 3752 elderly people in the community. The most relevant metals were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The relationship between combined exposure to multiple metals and abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was explored using multivariate logistic regression analysis and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analysis. Generalized linear regression models and the Karlson-Holm-Green (KHB) method were used to assess the mediating effects of TG. RESULTS In the single-metal model, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), and thallium (Tl) showed significant negative correlations with the prevalence of abnormal eGFR (all P < 0.05). In the multi-metals model, Ca, Se, and Tl continued to show significant negative correlations, while vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) showed significant positive correlations with abnormal eGFR (all P < 0.05). The BKMR model showed a negative joint effect of the mixture of Ca, V, Zn, Se, and Tl on the prevalence of abnormal eGFR. The generalized linear regression model showed a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of Ca (β = 0.07), Zn (β = 0.07), Se (β = 0.09), and TG levels (all P < 0.05). In the mediation analysis, TG masked a 4.30% and 5.21% correlation between Ca and Se and the prevalence of eGFR abnormalities, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Urinary concentration of multiple metals is significantly associated with eGFR abnormalities, and Ca, and Se may be among the potential protective factors. TG masked some of the protective effects of Ca and Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoheng Shen
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Pei He
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Dai
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Meiyan Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Yang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Suzhen Guan
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan Ningxia 750004, P.R. China.
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10
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Peng X, Li C, Zhao D, Huang L. Associations of micronutrients exposure with cadmium body burden among population: A systematic review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114878. [PMID: 37060803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absorption and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) within the human body can be influenced by the status of certain micronutrients, while available evidence for the association between micronutrient exposure and Cd body burden remains fragmented and inconsistent. To address this issue, this article reviews and synthesizes epidemiological studies that examine the association between micronutrient exposure and Cd burden in humans, to elucidate the potential association between micronutrient exposure and Cd body burden. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of epidemiologic studies reporting the association between micronutrient status and Cd body burden among the population. Relevant articles were selected based on predetermined criteria from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases published from 2000 to 2021. The exposures that were evaluated included micronutrients (zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, and vitamins) status or intakes of them. The outcome of interest was the Cd body burden as indicated by blood Cd or urinary Cd levels. The quality of included studies was assessed using The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. We extracted data from each article, including study design, study site, study population, micronutrient status, Cd body burden, and the correlations between micronutrient status and Cd body burden. RESULTS Our systematic search yielded 1660 articles. Of these, forty-four were selected for inclusion based on prespecified criteria. These selected articles evaluated the relationship between Cd body burden and seven different micronutrients, namely, selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), vitamin A, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. The majority of studies (n = 41) were observational, while only three were randomized controlled trials. Among the seventeen studies assessing Zn status, ten reported a negative association between serum Zn levels or intake and urinary and blood Cd levels. Results were inconsistent among the ten studies examining the association between Se levels and Cd body burden. Six studies showed that Cd in blood and urine was negatively correlated with serum ferritin (SF), a biomarker of body Fe status. Two studies reported a negative correlation between Ca and blood Cd. CONCLUSIONS This synthesis of available evidence suggests that certain micronutrients, especially Zn and Fe, may play a role in reducing the Cd body burden among populations. The evidence strongly supports a negative association between Zn, Fe, and Cd body burden, whereas evidence for Se, Ca and vitamins is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions regarding their relationship with Cd body burden. In addition, observational studies limit the ability to infer a causal relationship between micronutrients and Cd body burden, highlighting the need for additional intervention studies. Our review may inform nutrient supplementation guidance, control of Cd body burden, and future research to mitigate the adverse health effects of Cd in the context of global Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Peng
- School of the Environment, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of the Environment, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of the Environment, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing University (Suzhou) High-Tech Institute, Suzhou 215123, China.
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11
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Luo X, Huang D, Xiao S, Lei L, Wu K, Yang Y, Liu M, Qiu X, Liu S, Zeng X. Associations between co-exposure to multiple metals and renal function: a cross-sectional study in Guangxi, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2637-2648. [PMID: 35932350 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The association between co-exposure to multiple metals and renal function is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the individual and joint effects of metal exposure on renal function in this study. We performed a cross-sectional study including 5828 participants in Guangxi, China, in 2019. Urine concentrations of 17 metals were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were applied to investigate the association of individual metal exposure with renal dysfunction. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to assess the co-exposure effects of the metals. Participants with the highest quartile of urinary Cu were at 1.84-fold (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-2.87) increased risk of renal dysfunction compared with the lowest quartile. The highest quartiles of urinary Sr, Cs, V, Ba, and Se were associated with 0.27-fold (95% CI: 0.17-0.43), 0.33 (95% CI: 0.19-0.53), 0.41 (95% CI: 0.25-0.65), 0.58 (95% CI: 0.36-0.90), and 0.33 (95% CI: 0.19-0.56) decreased risk of renal dysfunction compared with their lowest quartile, respectively. Furthermore, urinary Ba and Cu were non-linearly correlated with renal dysfunction. The WQS analysis showed that mixed metal exposure was inversely associated with renal dysfunction (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35-0.62), and Sr accounted for the largest weight (52.2%), followed by Cs (32.3%) in the association. Moreover, we observed a potential interaction between Cu, Cs, and Ba for renal dysfunction in BKMR model. Exposure to Se, Sr, Cs, V, and Ba is associated with decreased risk of renal dysfunction, whereas an increased risk is associated with Cu exposure. Co-exposure to these metals is negatively associated with renal dysfunction, and Sr and Cs are the main contributors to the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxi Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Suyang Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Kaili Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiliang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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12
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Perinatal Metal and Metalloid Exposures and Offspring Cardiovascular Health Risk. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:714-734. [PMID: 35980568 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Toxic metal exposures have been associated with cardiovascular disease in adults and growing evidence suggests metal exposures also adversely affect cardiovascular phenotypes in childhood and adolescence. However, to our knowledge, the influence of perinatal metals exposure, particularly metal mixtures, in relation to cardiovascular-related outcomes have not been comprehensively reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS We summarized 17 contemporary studies (2017-2021) that investigated the impact of perinatal metal exposures on measures of cardiovascular health in children. Accumulating evidence supports a potential adverse impact of perinatal Pb exposure on BP in children. Fewer recent studies have focused on perinatal As, Hg, and Cd; thus, the cardiovascular impacts of these metals are less clear. Studies of metal mixtures demonstrate that interactions between metals may be complex and have identified numerous understudied elements and essential metals, including Mo, Co, Ni, Se, Zn, and Mn, which may influence cardiovascular risk. A key question that remains is whether perinatal metals exposure influences cardiovascular health into adulthood. Comparisons across studies remain challenging due to several factors, including differences in the timing of exposure/outcome assessments and exposure biomarkers, as well as variability in exposure levels and mixture compositions across populations. Future studies longitudinally investigating trajectories of cardiovascular outcomes could help determine the influence of perinatal metals exposure on long-term effects of clinical relevance in later life and whether interventions, which reduce metals exposures during this key developmental window, could alter disease development.
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13
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Satarug S, Đorđević AB, Yimthiang S, Vesey DA, Gobe GC. The NOAEL Equivalent of Environmental Cadmium Exposure Associated with GFR Reduction and Chronic Kidney Disease. TOXICS 2022; 10:614. [PMID: 36287894 PMCID: PMC9607051 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal pollutant present in virtually all food types. Health guidance values were established to safeguard against excessive dietary Cd exposure. The derivation of such health guidance figures has been shifted from the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) to the lower 95% confidence bound of the benchmark dose (BMD), termed BMDL. Here, we used the PROAST software to calculate the BMDL figures for Cd excretion (ECd) associated with a reduction in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Data were from 1189 Thai subjects (493 males and 696 females) mean age of 43.2 years. The overall percentages of smokers, hypertension and CKD were 33.6%, 29.4% and 6.2%, respectively. The overall mean ECd normalized to the excretion of creatinine (Ecr) as ECd/Ecr was 0.64 µg/g creatinine. ECd/Ecr, age and body mass index (BMI) were independently associated with increased prevalence odds ratios (POR) for CKD. BMI figures ≥24 kg/m2 were associated with an increase in POR for CKD by 2.81-fold (p = 0.028). ECd/Ecr values of 0.38-2.49 µg/g creatinine were associated with an increase in POR for CKD risk by 6.2-fold (p = 0.001). The NOAEL equivalent figures of ECd/Ecr based on eGFR reduction in males, females and all subjects were 0.839, 0.849 and 0.828 µg/g creatinine, respectively. The BMDL/BMDU values of ECd/Ecr associated with a 10% increase in CKD prevalence were 2.77/5.06 µg/g creatinine. These data indicate that Cd-induced eGFR reduction occurs at relatively low body burdens and that the population health risk associated with ECd/Ecr of 2.77-5.06 µg/g creatinine was not negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Buha Đorđević
- Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Supabhorn Yimthiang
- Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - David A. Vesey
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for CKD QLD, UQ Health Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
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14
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Satarug S, Gobe GC, Vesey DA. Multiple Targets of Toxicity in Environmental Exposure to Low-Dose Cadmium. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080472. [PMID: 36006151 PMCID: PMC9412446 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary assessment reports and population surveillance programs show that chronic exposure to low levels of environmental cadmium (Cd) is inevitable for most people, and adversely impacts the health of children and adults. Based on a risk assessment model that considers an increase in the excretion of β2-microglobulin (β2M) above 300 μg/g creatinine to be the "critical" toxicity endpoint, the tolerable intake level of Cd was set at 0.83 µg/kg body weight/day, and a urinary Cd excretion rate of 5.24 µg/g creatinine was considered to be the toxicity threshold level. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the many other toxicity endpoints that are both clinically relevant and more appropriate to derive Cd exposure limits than a β2M endpoint. In the present review, we focus on a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate and diminished fecundity because chronic exposure to low-dose Cd, reflected by its excretion levels as low as 0.5 µg/g creatinine, have been associated with dose-dependent increases in risk of these pathological symptoms. Some protective effects of the nutritionally essential elements selenium and zinc are highlighted. Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is discussed as a potential mechanism underlying gonadal toxicities and infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soisungwan Satarug
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence for CKD QLD, UQ Health Sciences, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - David A. Vesey
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane 4075, Australia
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15
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Liu M, Li M, Guo W, Zhao L, Yang H, Yu J, Liu L, Fang Q, Lai X, Yang L, Zhu K, Dai W, Mei W, Zhang X. Co-exposure to priority-controlled metals mixture and blood pressure in Chinese children from two panel studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119388. [PMID: 35526645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metals may affect adversely cardiovascular system, but epidemiological evidence on the associations of priority-controlled metals including antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), cadmium, lead, and thallium with children's blood pressure (BP) was scarce and inconsistent. We conducted two panel studies with 3 surveys across 3 seasons among 144 and 142 children aged 4-12 years in Guangzhou and Weinan, respectively. During each seasonal survey, urine samples were collected for 4 consecutive days and BP was measured on the 4th day. We obtained 786 BP values and urinary metals measurements at least once within 4 days, while 773, 596, 612, and 754 urinary metals measurements were effective on the health examination day (Lag 0), and the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day preceding BP measurement (Lag 1, lag 2 and lag 3), respectively. We used linear mixed-effect models, generalized estimating equations and multiple informant models to assess the associations of individual metal at each lag day and accumulated lag day (4 days averaged, lag 0-3) with BP and hypertension, and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression to evaluate the relations of metals mixture at lag 0-3 and BP outcomes. We found Sb was positively and consistently related to systolic BP (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and odds of having hypertension within 4 days, which were the strongest at lag 0 and declined over time. And such relationships at lag 0-3 showed in a dose-response manner. Meanwhile, Sb was the only contributor to the relations of mixture with SBP, MAP, and odds of having hypertension. Also, synergistic interaction between Sb and As was significant. In addition, modification effect of passive smoking status on the association of Sb and SBP was more evident in passive smokers. Accordingly, urinary Sb was consistently and dose-responsively associated with increased BP and hypertension, of which Sb was the major contributor among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Public Health, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Huihua Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Medical affairs, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kejing Zhu
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wencan Dai
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhua Mei
- Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Hainan Island Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Coupled with the APCS/MLR Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137827. [PMID: 35805486 PMCID: PMC9266011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Groundwater is a significant component of water resources, but drinking groundwater with excessive heavy metals (HMs) is harmful to human health. Currently, quantitative source apportionment and probabilistic health risk assessment of HMs in groundwater are relatively limited. In this study, 60 groundwater samples containing seven HMs were collected from Hainan Island and analyzed by the coupled absolute principal component scores/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR), the health risk assessment (HRA) and the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to quantify the pollution sources of HMs and the health risks. The results show that the high-pollution-value areas of HMs are mainly located in the industry-oriented western region, but the pollution level by HMs in the groundwater in the study area is generally low. The main sources of HMs in the groundwater are found to be the mixed sources of agricultural activities and traffic emissions (39.16%), industrial activities (25.57%) and natural sources (35.27%). Although the non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children are negligible, the carcinogenic risks are at a high level. Through analyzing the relationship between HMs, pollution sources, and health risks, natural sources contribute the most to the health risks, and Cr is determined as the priority control HM. This study emphasizes the importance of quantitative evaluation of the HM pollution sources and probabilistic health risk assessment, which provides an essential basis for water pollution prevention and control in Hainan Island.
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17
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Aramjoo H, Arab-Zozani M, Feyzi A, Naghizadeh A, Aschner M, Naimabadi A, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. The association between environmental cadmium exposure, blood pressure, and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35682-35706. [PMID: 35257333 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17777-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We performed a systematic and meta-analysis study to find the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension (HTN) in exposed general populations. We searched main databases for literature published between year 2000 and April 15, 2021. Quality assessment was performed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Heterogeneity between studies was determined by I-squared (I2) statistic. The random effects model was used to determine the association between blood and urine Cd levels with hypertension. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in hypertensive and control groups were 3.34, 1.79, and 8.09 based on samples from blood, urine, and hair, respectively. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in the low and high exposure groups were - 0.795 and - 1.036 based on blood and urinary samples, respectively. Our findings indicate a positive relationship between blood and hair Cd levels and hypertension. We also found that hair is the optimal biological sample to find the relationship between Cd exposure and hypertension for both genders. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Aramjoo
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Feyzi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abolfazl Naimabadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Singh RD, Koshta K, Tiwari R, Khan H, Sharma V, Srivastava V. Developmental Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Its Impact on Cardio-Metabolic-Renal Health. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:663372. [PMID: 35295127 PMCID: PMC8915840 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.663372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental origin of health and disease postulates that the footprints of early life exposure are followed as an endowment of risk for adult diseases. Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest that an adverse fetal environment can affect the health of offspring throughout their lifetime. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during fetal development can affect the hormone system homeostasis, resulting in a broad spectrum of adverse health outcomes. In the present review, we have described the effect of prenatal EDCs exposure on cardio-metabolic-renal health, using the available epidemiological and experimental evidence. We also discuss the potential mechanisms of their action, which include epigenetic changes, hormonal imprinting, loss of energy homeostasis, and metabolic perturbations. The effect of prenatal EDCs exposure on cardio-metabolic-renal health, which is a complex condition of an altered biological landscape, can be further examined in the case of other environmental stressors with a similar mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Dutt Singh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kavita Koshta
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ratnakar Tiwari
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hafizurrahman Khan
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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19
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A scoping review of infant and children health effects associated with cadmium exposure. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 131:105155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Hsu CN, Tain YL. Adverse Impact of Environmental Chemicals on Developmental Origins of Kidney Disease and Hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:745716. [PMID: 34721300 PMCID: PMC8551449 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.745716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension are becoming a global health challenge, despite developments in pharmacotherapy. Both diseases can begin in early life by so-called "developmental origins of health and disease" (DOHaD). Environmental chemical exposure during pregnancy can affect kidney development, resulting in renal programming. Here, we focus on environmental chemicals that pregnant mothers are likely to be exposed, including dioxins, bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), heavy metals, and air pollution. We summarize current human evidence and animal models that supports the link between prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals and developmental origins of kidney disease and hypertension, with an emphasis on common mechanisms. These include oxidative stress, renin-angiotensin system, reduced nephron numbers, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway. Urgent action is required to identify toxic chemicals in the environment, avoid harmful chemicals exposure during pregnancy and lactation, and continue to discover other potentially harmful chemicals. Innovation is also needed to identify kidney disease and hypertension in the earliest stage, as well as translating effective reprogramming interventions from animal studies into clinical practice. Toward DOHaD approach, prohibiting toxic chemical exposure and better understanding of underlying mechanisms, we have the potential to reduce global burden of kidney disease and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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21
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Mizuno Y, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Konishi S, Inaoka T, Ahmad SA, Sekiyama M, Abdoellah OS, Gunawan B, Parajuli RP, Ikemoto Y, Lam TD, Watanabe C, Umezaki M. Associations between urinary heavy metal concentrations and blood pressure in residents of Asian countries. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:101. [PMID: 34625018 PMCID: PMC8501740 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-01027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that exposures to heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and selenium) may be associated with differences in blood pressure. However, the findings of these studies have been inconsistent. This study was performed to examine the associations between urinary heavy metal concentrations and blood pressure among residents of four Asian countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal, and Vietnam). METHODS This cross-sectional study examined 1899 adults in four Asian countries. Urinary concentrations of heavy metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A questionnaire survey was administered regarding individual characteristics. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were performed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured after a short rest. Multiple linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between urinary heavy metal concentrations and blood pressure after adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index. RESULTS The geometric means of the urinary concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and selenium were 84.6, 0.885, 2.09, and 16.5 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The urinary arsenic concentrations were slightly higher than those typically reported in non-polluted populations, while urinary cadmium, lead, and selenium concentrations were equivalent or slightly lower. The urinary lead concentrations were positively associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but urinary selenium concentrations were negatively associated with them. CONCLUSIONS Variations in the urinary concentrations of lead and selenium were associated with blood pressure at low levels of exposure/intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mizuno
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hana Shimizu-Furusawa
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Shoko Konishi
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Inaoka
- Department of Human Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo Machi, Saga, 840-0052, Japan
| | - Sk Akhtar Ahmad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Darus Salam Mirpur-1, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Makiko Sekiyama
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Oekan S Abdoellah
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java Province, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Budhi Gunawan
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java Province, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rajendra Prasad Parajuli
- Central Department of Zoology, Central Campus, Institute of Science & Technology (IOST), Tribhuvan University, Kritipur-1, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Yukio Ikemoto
- Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tran Dinh Lam
- Center for Vietnamese and Southeast Asian Studies, Vietnam National University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 10-12 Dinh Tien Hoang, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chiho Watanabe
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University (NCGM Satellite), 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Masahiro Umezaki
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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22
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Functional Food Product Based on Nanoselenium-Enriched Lactobacillus casei against Cadmium Kidney Toxicity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates the ability of a functional food based on probiotics and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) to annihilate the toxic effect of cadmium on the kidneys. SeNPs were obtained by eco-friendly method used Lactobacillus casei. The morphological features and size of SeNPS were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Two kind of SeNPs were used, purified and Lacto-SeNPs (LSeNPs), administered by gavage at three concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/Kg b.w.) for 30 days in a mouse model of cadmium renal toxicity. The blood marker of renal injury (creatinine) significantly decreased in groups where the mice were treated with both form of SeNPs. The antioxidant capacity of plasma was evaluated by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assay and revealed that SeNPs in co-treatment with Cd, promotes maintaining antioxidant activity at the control level. Histopathological analysis of kidneys demonstrated morphological alteration in the group that received only cadmium and restored after administration of SeNPs or LSeNPs. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis revealed anti-apoptotic effects through reduction of pro-apoptotic bax and increasing of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expressions. Moreover, co-administration of Cd with SeNPs significantly decreased gene expression of kidneys inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-ĸB) in a dose dependent manner, with the best results for LSeNPs at highest dose (0.4 mg/kg). Therefore, the L. casei strain is a potential SeNPs-enriched probiotic for application as functional food in the future to annihilate cadmium-induced kidneys toxicity.
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Sun XL, Kido T, Nakagawa H, Nishijo M, Sakurai M, Ishizaki M, Morikawa Y, Okamoto R, Ichimori A, Ohno N, Kobayashi S, Miyati T, Nogawa K, Suwazono Y. The relationship between cadmium exposure and renal volume in inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area of Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22372-22379. [PMID: 33420688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This follow-up study was conducted over 30 years in a cadmium-polluted area of Japan. Urinary cadmium (U-Cd) concentration decreased by nearly half from 1986 to 2008 in men and women. However, it increased from 2008 to 2014 and maintained similar levels in 2016. Because renal atrophy may induce an increase in U-Cd, kidney volumes were determined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in 2018. Based on the MRI results, we divided the participants into two groups, namely the normal group (n = 6, three men and three women) and the lesion group (n = 6, three men and three women). The level of urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase/creatinine (U-NAG/Cr) in the lesion group was significantly higher than in the normal group. The level of serum alkaline phosphatase (Al-P) was positively associated with U-Cd. Age and renal cortex volumes showed significantly negative associations. However, U-Cd and renal cortex and kidney volumes showed no significant associations. These results suggest that U-NAG and serum Al-P were sensitive biomarkers to reflect renal tubular dysfunction and bone damage caused by cadmium poisoning. Individuals chronically exposed to Cd should be observed carefully, due to the increased effect of aging on renal cortex volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liang Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
- JSPS International Research Fellow, Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kido
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- Institute of Medical Science, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Muneko Nishijo
- Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masaru Sakurai
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masao Ishizaki
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuko Morikawa
- Department of Medicine, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Rie Okamoto
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Akie Ichimori
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohno
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Miyati
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nogawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasushi Suwazono
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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24
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Shih YH, Howe CG, Scannell Bryan M, Shahriar M, Kibriya MG, Jasmine F, Sarwar G, Graziano JH, Persky VW, Jackson B, Ahsan H, Farzan SF, Argos M. Exposure to metal mixtures in relation to blood pressure among children 5-7 years old: An observational study in Bangladesh. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e135. [PMID: 33778363 PMCID: PMC7939402 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension in later life, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, has been linked to elevated blood pressure in early life. Exposure to metals may influence childhood blood pressure; however, previous research is limited and has mainly focused on evaluating the toxicity of single metal exposures. This study evaluates the associations between exposure to metal mixtures and blood pressure among Bangladeshi children age 5-7 years. METHODS We investigated the associations of 17 toenail metal concentrations with blood pressure using linear regression models. Principal component analysis (PCA), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were conducted as secondary analyses. RESULTS Associations were observed for selenium with diastolic blood pressure (per doubling of exposure β = 2.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 4.75), molybdenum with systolic (β = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.61) and diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.66), tin with systolic blood pressure (β = -0.33, 95% CI = -0.60, -0.06), and mercury with systolic (β = -0.83, 95% CI = -1.49, -0.17) and diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.89, 95% CI = -1.53, -0.26). Chromium was associated with diastolic blood pressure among boys only (β = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.28, 1.92, P for interaction = 0.02), and copper was associated with diastolic blood pressure among girls only (β = -1.97, 95% CI = -3.63, -0.32, P for interaction = 0.01). These findings were largely robust to the secondary analyses that utilized mixture modeling approaches (PCA, WQS, and BKMR). CONCLUSIONS Future prospective studies are needed to investigate further the impact of early life exposure to metal mixtures on children's blood pressure trajectories and cardiovascular disease risk later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Shih
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caitlin G. Howe
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Molly Scannell Bryan
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- UChicago Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Trace Element Analysis Core Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Muhammad G. Kibriya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Joseph H. Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Victoria W. Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian Jackson
- Trace Element Analysis Core Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shohreh F. Farzan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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25
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Akhtar E, Roy AK, Haq MA, von Ehrenstein OS, Ahmed S, Vahter M, Ekstrom EC, Kippler M, Wagatsuma Y, Raqib R. A longitudinal study of rural Bangladeshi children with long-term arsenic and cadmium exposures and biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116333. [PMID: 33535364 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in understanding the contribution of environmental toxicant exposure in early life to development of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in adulthood. We aimed to assess associations of early life exposure to arsenic and cadmium with biomarkers of CMD in children in rural Bangladesh. From a longitudinal mother-child cohort in Matlab, Bangladesh, we followed up 540 pairs. Exposure to arsenic (U-As) and cadmium (U-Cd) was assessed by concentrations in urine from mothers at gestational week 8 (GW8) and children at ages 4.5 and 9 years. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured at 4.5 and 9 years. Metabolic markers (lipids, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, adipokines, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were determined in plasma/blood of 9 years old children. In linear regression models, adjusted for child sex, age, height-for-age z score (HAZ), BMI-for-age z score (BAZ), socioeconomic status (SES) and maternal education, each doubling of maternal and early childhood U-Cd was associated with 0.73 and 0.82 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) respectively. Both early and concurrent childhood U-Cd was associated with diastolic (D)BP (β = 0.80 at 4.5 years; β = 0.75 at 9 years). Each doubling of U-Cd at 9 years was associated with decrements of 4.98 mg/dL of total cholesterol (TC), 1.75 mg/dL high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 3.85 mg/dL low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 0.43 mg/dL glucose and 4.29 units eGFR. Each doubling of maternal U-Cd was associated with a decrement of 1.23 mg/dL HDL. Both maternal and childhood U-As were associated with decrement in TC and HDL. Multiple comparisons were checked with family-wise error rate Bonferroni-type-approach. The negative associations of arsenic and cadmium with biomarkers of CMD in preadolescent children indicated influence of both metal(loid)s on fat and carbohydrate metabolism, while cadmium additionally influenced kidney function and BP. Thus, fewer outcomes were associated with U-As compared to U-Cd at preadolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evana Akhtar
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Anjan Kumar Roy
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahsanul Haq
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Ondine S von Ehrenstein
- Department of Community Health Sciences and Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sultan Ahmed
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE- 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva-Charlotte Ekstrom
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE- 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yukiko Wagatsuma
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
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Chandravanshi L, Shiv K, Kumar S. Developmental toxicity of cadmium in infants and children: a review. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2021; 36:e2021003-0. [PMID: 33730790 PMCID: PMC8207007 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2021003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several millions of people are exposed to cadmium worldwide due to natural and anthropogenic activities that led to their widespread distribution in the environment and have shown potential adverse effects on the kidneys, liver, heart and nervous system. Recently human and animal-based studies have been shown that In utero and early life exposure to cadmium can have serious health issues that are related to the risk of developmental disabilities and other outcomes in adulthood. Since, cadmium crosses the placental barrier and reaches easily to the fetus, even moderate or high-level exposure of this metal during pregnancy could be of serious health consequences which might be reflected either in the children’s early or later stages of life. Mortality from various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, kidney and neurological problems, correlation with In utero or early life exposure to cadmium has been found in epidemiological studies. Animal studies with strong evidence of various diseases mostly support for the human studies, as well as suggested a myriad mechanism by which cadmium can interfere with human health and development. More studies are needed to establish the mechanism of cadmium-induced toxicity with environmentally relevant doses in childhood and later life. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of the literature addressing potential long- term health issues with In utero and early life exposure to cadmium, as well as correlating with human and animal exposure studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Chandravanshi
- Department of Forensic Science, College and Traffic Management- Institute of Road and Traffic Education, Faridabad - Haryana - 121010, India
| | - Kunal Shiv
- Division of Forensic Science, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Galgotias University Greater Noida - 201306, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Forensic Science laboratory, Modinagar, Ghaziabad - 201204, India
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27
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Martins AC, Almeida Lopes ACB, Urbano MR, Carvalho MDFH, Silva AMR, Tinkov AA, Aschner M, Mesas AE, Silbergeld EK, Paoliello MMB. An updated systematic review on the association between Cd exposure, blood pressure and hypertension. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111636. [PMID: 33396156 PMCID: PMC7785863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the first report by Perry et al. (1955), most studies affirmed the hypertensive effects of cadmium (Cd) in humans. Nonetheless, conclusions between studies remain inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to reevaluate the evidence for a potential relationship between Cd exposure and altered blood pressure and/or hypertension, focusing on studies published between January 2010 and March 2020. METHODS We reviewed all observational studies from database searches (PubMed and SCOPUS) on Cd exposure and blood pressure or hypertension. We extracted information from studies that provided sufficient data on population characteristics, smoking status, exposure, outcomes, and design. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies met our inclusion criteria; of those, twenty-nine were cross sectional, three case control, five cohort and one interventional study. Blood or urinary Cd levels were the most commonly used biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS A positive association between blood Cd levels and blood pressure and/or hypertension was identified in numerous studies at different settings. Limited number of representative population-based studies of never-smokers was observed, which may have confounded our conclusions. The association between urinary Cd and blood pressure and/or hypertension remains uncertain due to conflicting results, including inverse relationships with lack of strong mechanistic support. We point to the urgent need for additional longitudinal studies to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ana Carolina B Almeida Lopes
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Urbano
- Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, s/no, Campus Universitário, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fatima H Carvalho
- Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R Silva
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146 Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 19-1, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Enfermería, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus Universitario de Cuenca, Camino de Pozuelo, s/n 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Ellen K Silbergeld
- Emerita Professor, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N Wolfe St, 21205 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Wang F, Tan H, Huang L, Cai C, Ding Y, Bao H, Chen Z, Zhu C. Application of exogenous salicylic acid reduces Cd toxicity and Cd accumulation in rice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111198. [PMID: 32905932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cd pollution in farmland is becoming a serious problem because it affects the safety of rice production and human health. Salicylic acid (SA) plays crucial roles in plant development and mediates plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress. This study assessed the molecular and physiological mechanisms of SA spraying effects on Cd tolerance and Cd accumulation in rice. Spraying of 0.1 mM SA had no great effect on the agronomic traits of rice, but significantly decreased Cd accumulation in rice grains, and SA spraying increased the Cd contents in leaves (only at the mature stage) and decreased the Cd contents in panicles (only at the filling and mature stage), but had no evident impact on the Cd content of other tissues and other growth stages. SA spraying reduced Cd accumulation in rice grains by promoting the deposition and fixation of Cd in the cell wall of leaves, thus preventing Cd being transferred from leaves to rice grains at the filling stage. SA spraying also decreased Cd toxicity by reducing H2O2 and MDA accumulation and increasing the chlorophyll content in rice leaves. Furthermore, SA spraying remarkably decreased Cd accumulation in rice grains by modulating the expression level of the genes associated with Cd translocation and accumulation to control the Cd accumulation in rice. Hence, SA spraying reduced the inhibition of Cd on the plant height caused by Cd and increased the dry weight of shoots in the vegetative growth period of rice seedlings, and it reduced Cd transport from leaves to grains, thus reducing Cd content in rice. These findings provide a novel perspective and a new method for reducing Cd accumulation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Haifeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lihong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Chong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanfei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hexigeduleng Bao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - ZhiXiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University; Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Yao B, Lu X, Xu L, Wang Y, Qu H, Zhou H. Relationship between low-level lead, cadmium and mercury exposures and blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 8-17 years: An exposure-response analysis of NHANES 2007-2016. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138446. [PMID: 32320874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether low-level blood and urinary lead, cadmium and mercury exposures were associated with blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2016 for children and adolescents aged 8-17 years (n = 7076) were analyzed. Outcome variables were systolic BP, diastolic BP and high BP status. High BP was defined as: self-reported antihypertensive medication usage or a diagnosis of hypertension; classified as having elevated BP/hypertension according to 2017 AAP guidelines. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions models were performed and stratified by race/ethnicity and gender. Blood lead was negatively associated with diastolic BP among blacks, and positively associated with diastolic BP among whites. For a two-fold increase of blood lead concentration, the change in diastolic BP was -1.59 mm Hg (95% CI: -3.04 to -0.16 mm Hg) among blacks and 1.38 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.40 to 2.36 mm Hg) among whites. No significant associations between either systolic BP or diastolic BP with urinary lead were observed. The inverse associations between blood lead and high BP were found in females, Mexican Americans and other Hispanics. No associations between blood cadmium and BP were observed, except in other Hispanics. Urinary cadmium levels were inversely correlated with systolic BP, diastolic BP and high BP in all participants and in men. When compared to the lowest quartile of urinary cadmium levels, participants with a urinary cadmium level ≥ 0.12 μg/L had 0.48 (95% CI: 0.29-0.78) times and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.30-0.94) times reduced odds of having high BP in all participants and in men, respectively. No associations between either blood mercury or urinary mercury with systolic BP were observed. Significant inverse associations were found between blood total mercury and methyl mercury with diastolic BP in all participants and in men. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodong Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiaojing Lu
- Department of Performance Management, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lai Xu
- Department of Performance Management, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Chen J, He W, Zhu X, Yang S, Yu T, Ma W. Epidemiological study of kidney health in an area with high levels of soil cadmium and selenium: Does selenium protect against cadmium-induced kidney injury? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134106. [PMID: 31505350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) can cause renal dysfunction. Studies of animals, cell cultures, and plants have found that selenium (Se) can effectively alleviate the hazard generated by Cd, but there has been little study of this in general human populations. This study recruited 313 subjects from China's Hubei Province, including 160 living in areas with high soil Cd and Se (exposure group) and 153 living in clean areas (control group). The levels of the following were detected: Cd and Se in blood (B-Cd and B-Se), urine (U-Cd and U-Se), and hair (H-Cd and H-Se); N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (U-NAG), β2-microglobulin (U-β2-MG), and albumin (U-ALB) in urine; and malondialdehyde (S-MDA), superoxide dismutase (S-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (S-GSH-Px) in serum. In addition, the interactions between Cd and Se were assessed. The median levels of B-Cd, B-Se, U-Cd, U-Se, H-Cd, H-Se, S-MDA, and S-GSH-Px of exposure group (2.60 ng/mL, 238.90 ng/mL, 3.13 μg/g Cr, 45.43 μg/g Cr, 0.06 μg/g, 0.70 μg/g, 5.22 nmol/mL, and 308.89 U, respectively) were significantly higher than of controls (0.95 ng/mL, 130.50 ng/mL, 1.08 μg/g Cr, 30.51 μg/g Cr, 0.04 μg/g, 0.49 μg/g, 4.71 nmol/mL, and 267.54 U, respectively), but there were no significant differences in U-NAG, U-β2-MG, U-ALB, or S-SOD between the two groups. U-NAG levels were significantly negatively associated with the interaction between Cd and Se (B: -0.511, 95% CI: -0.886, -0.136). Additionally, changes in the direction of the estimated regression coefficient in the low and high H-Se groups were observed for U-Cd and S-MDA (from 0.018 to -0.090), U-Cd and S-GSH-Px (from -0.039 to 0.101). This study found that populations living in areas with high levels of soil Cd and Se did not show greater Cd-induced renal tubular and glomerular injuries than the control population, which could attribute to the protective effects of Se. The protective effects may be related to the peculiar function of Se that Se can combine with free Cd to activate the antioxidant enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Siwen Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Wu CY, Wong CS, Chung CJ, Wu MY, Huang YL, Ao PL, Lin YF, Lin YC, Shiue HS, Su CT, Chen HH, Hsueh YM. The association between plasma selenium and chronic kidney disease related to lead, cadmium and arsenic exposure in a Taiwanese population. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 375:224-232. [PMID: 31075550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the interaction of red blood cell cadmium and lead, total urinary arsenic, and plasma selenium in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We recruited 220 CKD patients as well as 438 gender- and age-matched controls, and we defined CKD as <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for three or more consecutive months. Plasma selenium and red blood cell cadmium and lead concentrations were measured by ICP-MS. Urinary arsenic species were determined via HPLC-HG-AAS and were summed to determine the total urinary arsenic concentration. Plasma selenium was positively correlated to eGFR, and subjects with high plasma selenium levels (>243.90 μg/L) had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.23, 0.13-0.42) for CKD compared to those with low plasma selenium levels (≤ 196.70 μg/L). High plasma selenium and low red blood cell cadmium or lead concentrations interacted to decrease the OR and 95% CI for CKD (0.12, 0.06-0.26; 0.09, 0.04-0.19). High plasma selenium and low red blood cell lead levels also interacted to increase the eGFR (20.70, 15.56-26.01 mL/min/1.73 m2). This study is the first to suggest that selenium modifies the eGFR and OR in CKD induced by environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yin Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shun Wong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Chung
- Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Li Huang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pui-Lam Ao
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health Examination, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Sheng Shiue
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tien Su
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Mei Hsueh
- Department of Family Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Moody EC, Coca SG, Sanders AP. Toxic Metals and Chronic Kidney Disease: a Systematic Review of Recent Literature. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:453-463. [PMID: 30338443 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous toxicants with evidence of adverse kidney impacts at high exposure levels. There is less evidence whether environmental exposure to As, Cd, or Pb plays a role in development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We conducted a systematic review to summarize the recent epidemiologic literature examining the relationship between As, Cd, or Pb with CKD. RECENT FINDINGS We included peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2013 and April 2018 for As and Cd, and all dates prior to April 2018 for Pb. We imposed temporality requirements for both the definition of CKD (as per NKF-KDOQI guidelines) and environmental exposures prior to disease diagnosis. Our assessment included cohort, case-control or cross-sectional study designs that satisfied 5 inclusion criteria. We included a total of eight articles of which three, two, and four studies examined the effects of As, Cd, or Pb, respectively. Studies of As exposure consistently reported positive association with CKD incidence; studies of Pb exposure were mixed. We found little evidence of association between Cd exposure and CKD. Additional well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed and we present recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Moody
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven G Coca
- Department of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Departments of Pediatrics & Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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33
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Skröder H, Kippler M, De Loma J, Raqib R, Vahter M. Predictors of selenium biomarker kinetics in 4-9-year-old Bangladeshi children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:842-851. [PMID: 30342415 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarker selenium concentrations vary greatly between studies. Concentrations in erythrocytes, urine, and hair vary even at similar plasma concentrations, suggesting that unknown factors influence the distribution of selenium between body compartments. OBJECTIVE To assess predictors of the different selenium biomarkers in children. DESIGN We used a mother-child cohort, nested in a population-based supplementation trial in rural Bangladesh (MINIMat), established for evaluation of arsenic toxicity. Selenium was measured in plasma (n = 223), erythrocytes, urine, and hair at 9 years (n = 395) and in erythrocytes and urine at 4.5 years (n = 259) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We also measured concentrations of arsenic (all biospecimen) and cadmium (erythrocytes and urine). Genotyping for INMT, a methyltransferase involved in selenium metabolism, was performed using TaqMan probes. RESULTS At 9 years, the selenium concentrations ranged 51-139 μg/L in plasma, 128-281 μg/L in erythrocytes, 2.2-55 μg/L in urine, and 258-723 μg/kg in hair. Correlations (rS) between biomarkers ranged 0.12-0.37, and were strongest between blood compartments and between erythrocytes and hair (long-term markers). In multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses, plasma selenium differed by sampling season (highest in food-secure pre-monsoon season) and was inversely associated with plasma arsenic (range < 0.0080-20 μg/L; B = -1.1, 95% CI: -1.8, -0.41). In contrast, erythrocyte selenium was positively associated with erythrocyte arsenic (range 0.95-50 μg/L; B = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91) and inversely associated with erythrocyte cadmium (range 0.27-3.1 μg/L; B = -12, 95% CI: -17, -6.9). These associations were similar at 4.5 years. Only selenium in hair and urine were influenced by INMT polymorphisms. Finally, chronic malnutrition seemed to increase selenium retention, measured as the ratio plasma/urinary selenium. CONCLUSIONS Selenium biomarkers seem to be influenced by malnutrition, genetics, and exposure to metal pro-oxidants. This might affect the evaluation of deficiency/sufficiency, normally assessed by selenium in plasma/serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Skröder
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Kippler
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica De Loma
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Marie Vahter
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Sanders AP, Saland JM, Wright RO, Satlin L. Perinatal and childhood exposure to environmental chemicals and blood pressure in children: a review of literature 2007-2017. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:165-180. [PMID: 29884847 PMCID: PMC6185812 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals during periods of renal development from embryogenesis to birth and through childhood can inform critical windows of nephrotoxicity, including changes in childhood blood pressure. This review assessed recent studies that examined the relationship of air pollution, metals, and other organic pollutants with children's blood pressure outcomes. We restricted this review to peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2007 and July 2017. We identified a total of 36 articles that estimated associations with childhood blood pressure, of which 14 studies examined the effects of air pollution, 10 examined metals, and 12 examined other organic pollutants including phthalates (n = 4), Bisphenol A (n = 3), polychlorinated biphenols (n = 2), organophosphate pesticides (n = 2), or perfluoroalkyl acids (n = 1). Similar to the established relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and childhood blood pressure, the majority of studies that examined air pollutants, particularly exposure to PM10 and PM2.5, reported associations with increased childhood blood pressure. The literature reported conflicting evidence for metals, and putative evidence of the effects of exposure to phthalates, Bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenols, and pesticides. Overall, our review underscores the need for additional studies that assess the impact of nephrotoxicant exposure during early life, particularly the perinatal period, and blood pressure in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Saland
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Satlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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35
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Oliver-Williams C, Howard AG, Navas-Acien A, Howard BV, Tellez-Plaza M, Franceschini N. Cadmium body burden, hypertension, and changes in blood pressure over time: results from a prospective cohort study in American Indians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:426-437.e9. [PMID: 29605538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
American Indian communities are at greater risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease than the general US population and are exposed to greater cadmium levels. However, cadmium's effect on blood pressure is unclear. This study assesses the association between baseline urinary cadmium and longitudinal changes in blood pressure in American Indian communities. Cadmium was measured in 3047 baseline urine samples from Strong Heart Study participants from three geographic areas. Longitudinal changes in blood pressure across three study visits (1989-1999) were modeled using linear mixed models by baseline log urinary cadmium to creatinine ratio. Hypertension risk was evaluated using interval-censored survival analysis. Higher levels of urinary cadmium at baseline were associated with faster rates of increase in diastolic and systolic blood pressure (P [trend] = .001 and .02, respectively). The estimated change in diastolic and systolic blood pressures per year was 0.18 mm Hg (0.05-0.31) and 0.62 mm Hg (0.37-0.87) in the upper quintile of cadmium level compared with -0.11 mm Hg (-0.24 to 0.02) and 0.21 mm Hg (-0.04 to 0.46) in the lowest, respectively. A one-unit increase in log-transformed urinary cadmium was associated with 10% greater hypertension risk (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.20). In conclusion, blood pressure of individuals with greater baseline levels of urinary cadmium increased at a faster rate relative to those with lower levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Oliver-Williams
- Homerton College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Barbara V Howard
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, John Hopkins Bloomberg School, Baltimore, MD, USA; MedStar Health Research Institute and Georgetown/Howard Universities Centers for Clinical and Translational Sciences University, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Institute for Biomedical Research Hospital Clinic de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, John Hopkins Bloomberg School, Baltimore, MD, USA
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da Cunha Martins A, Carneiro MFH, Grotto D, Adeyemi JA, Barbosa F. Arsenic, cadmium, and mercury-induced hypertension: mechanisms and epidemiological findings. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:61-82. [PMID: 29446707 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1432025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) are toxic elements widely distributed in the environment. Exposure to these elements was attributed to produce several acute and chronic illnesses including hypertension. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most frequently proposed mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with As, Cd, and Hg exposure including: oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling, modified vascular response to neurotransmitters and disturbed vascular muscle Ca2+ signaling, renal damage, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, a combination rather than a singular mechanism needs to be considered. In addition, epidemiological findings showing the relationship between various biomarkers of metal exposure and hypertension are described. Given the complex etiology of hypertension, further epidemiological studies evaluating the roles of confounding factors such as age, gender, and life style are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton da Cunha Martins
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- b Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia , Universidade de Sorocaba , Sorocaba-SP , Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
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Huang G, Ding C, Guo F, Li X, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Wang X. The Role of Node Restriction on Cadmium Accumulation in the Brown Rice of 12 Chinese Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10157-10164. [PMID: 29091443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
For selection or breeding of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars with low Cd affinity, the role of node Cd restriction on Cd accumulation in brown rice was studied. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the concentration of Cd in different sections of 12 Chinese rice cultivars. The results indicated that the Cd accumulation in the brown rice was mainly dependent on the root or shoot Cd concentration. Among the cultivars with nearly equal shoot Cd concentrations, Cd accumulation in brown rice was mainly dependent on the transport of Cd in the shoot. However, the Cd transport in the shoot was significantly restricted by the nodes, especially by the first node. Furthermore, the area of the diffuse vascular bundle in the junctional region of the flag leaf and the first node was a key contributor to the variations in Cd restriction by the nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fuyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yingtan 335211, China
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Zheng LY, Sanders AP, Saland JM, Wright RO, Arora M. Environmental exposures and pediatric kidney function and disease: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:625-648. [PMID: 28727988 PMCID: PMC5821495 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental chemical exposures have been implicated in pediatric kidney disease. No appraisal of the available evidence has been conducted on this topic. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the epidemiologic studies that assessed association of environmental exposures with measures of kidney function and disease in pediatric populations. The search period went through July 2016. RESULTS We found 50 studies that met the search criteria and were included in this systematic review. Environmental exposures reviewed herein included lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, fluoride, aflatoxin, melamine, environmental tobacco, bisphenol A, dental procedures, phthalates, ferfluorooctanoic acid, triclosan, and thallium/uranium. Most studies assessed environmental chemical exposure via biomarkers but four studies assessed exposure via proximity to emission source. There was mixed evidence of association between metal exposures, and other non-metal environmental exposures and pediatric kidney disease and other kidney disease biomarkers. The evaluation of causality is hampered by the small numbers of studies for each type of environmental exposure, as well as lack of study quality and limited prospective evidence. CONCLUSION There is a need for well-designed epidemiologic studies of environmental chemical exposures and kidney disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Y Zheng
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Jeffrey M Saland
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States.
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Wang H, Dumont X, Haufroid V, Bernard A. The physiological determinants of low-level urine cadmium: an assessment in a cross-sectional study among schoolchildren. Environ Health 2017; 16:99. [PMID: 28899425 PMCID: PMC5596934 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies in children have reported associations of urinary cadmium (U-Cd), used as biomarker of Cd body burden, with renal dysfunction, retarded growth and impaired cognitive development in children. Little is known, however, about factors influencing U-Cd in children and likely to act as confounders. METHODS In a cross-sectional study involving 249 schoolchildren (mean age, 5.72 years; 138 boys), we measured the urine concentrations of cadmium, zinc, lead, albumin, alpha1-microglobulin (A1M), retinol-binding protein, β2-microglobulin and club cell protein (CC16). Determinants of U-Cd expressed per creatinine or adjusted to specific gravity were identified by multiple regression analyses. RESULTS Girls and boys had similar median concentrations of U-Cd (0.22 and 0.24 μg/L, 0.33 and 0.35 μg/g creatinine, respectively). When models were run without including creatinine or specific gravity among independent variables, urinary zinc, urinary A1M and age emerged as the strongest predictors of U-Cd expressed per g creatinine or adjusted to SG. When adding creatinine among predictors, urinary creatinine emerged as an additional strong predictor correlating negatively with U-Cd per g creatinine. This strong residual influence of diuresis, not seen when adding specific gravity among predictors, linked U-Cd to U-A1M or U-CC16 through secondary associations mimicking those induced by Cd nephrotoxity. CONCLUSIONS In young children U-Cd largely varies with diuresis, zinc metabolism and urinary A1M. These physiological determinants, unrelated to Cd body burden, may confound the child renal and developmental outcomes associated with low-level U-Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Dumont
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alfred Bernard
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 53.02, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Huang G, Ding C, Guo F, Li X, Zhang T, Wang X. Underlying mechanisms and effects of hydrated lime and selenium application on cadmium uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:18926-18935. [PMID: 28656571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium (Se) and hydrated lime (Lime), applied alone or simultaneously (Se+Lime), on growth and cadmium (Cd) uptake and translocation in rice seedlings grown in an acid soil with three levels of Cd (slight, mild, and moderate contamination). In the soil with 0.41 mg kg-1 Cd (slight Cd contamination), Se addition alone significantly decreased Cd accumulation in the root and shoot by 35.3 and 40.1%, respectively, but this tendency weakened when Cd level in the soil increased. However, Se+Lime treatment effectively reduced Cd accumulation in rice seedlings in the soil with higher Cd levels. The results also showed that Se application alone strongly increased Cd concentration in the iron plaque under slight Cd contamination, which was suggested as the main reason underlying the inhibition of Cd accumulation in rice seedlings. Se+Lime treatment also increased the ability of the iron plaques to restrict Cd uptake by rice seedlings across all Cd levels and dramatically decreased the available Cd concentration in the soil. These results suggest that Se application alone would be useful in the soil with low levels of Cd, and the effect would be enhanced when Se application is combined with hydrated lime at higher Cd levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fuyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, 335211, China.
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Gać P, Pawlas N, Wylężek P, Poręba R, Poręba M, Pawlas K. Blood Selenium Concentration and Blood Cystatin C Concentration in a Randomly Selected Population of Healthy Children Environmentally Exposed to Lead and Cadmium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:33-41. [PMID: 27250495 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluation of a relationship between blood selenium concentration (Se-B) and blood cystatin C concentration (CST) in a randomly selected population of healthy children, environmentally exposed to lead and cadmium. The studies were conducted on 172 randomly selected children (7.98 ± 0.97 years). Among participants, the subgroups were distinguished, manifesting marginally low blood selenium concentration (Se-B 40-59 μg/l), suboptimal blood selenium concentration (Se-B: 60-79 μg/l) or optimal blood selenium concentration (Se-B ≥ 80 μg/l). At the subsequent stage, analogous subgroups of participants were selected separately in groups of children with BMI below median value (BMI <16.48 kg/m2) and in children with BMI ≥ median value (BMI ≥16.48 kg/m2). In all participants, values of Se-B and CST were estimated. In the entire group of examined children no significant differences in mean CST values were detected between groups distinguished on the base of normative Se-B values. Among children with BMI below 16.48 kg/m2, children with marginally low Se-B manifested significantly higher mean CST values, as compared to children with optimum Se-B (0.95 ± 0.07 vs. 0.82 ± 0.15 mg/l, p < 0.05). In summary, in a randomly selected population of healthy children no relationships could be detected between blood selenium concentration and blood cystatin C concentration. On the other hand, in children with low body mass index, a negative non-linear relationship was present between blood selenium concentration and blood cystatin C concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Gać
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Paweł Wylężek
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Rafał Poręba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Poręba
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krystyna Pawlas
- Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has been increasing at a staggering pace, with few indications of any decline, and is now one of the major public health challenges worldwide. While obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have historically thought to be largely driven by increased caloric intake and lack of exercise, this is insufficient to account for the observed changes in disease trends. There is now increasing evidence to suggest that exposure to synthetic chemicals in our environment may also play a key role in the etiology and pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. Importantly, exposures occurring in early life (in utero and early childhood) may have a more profound effect on life-long risk of obesity and MetS. This narrative review explores the evidence linking early-life exposure to a suite of chemicals that are common contaminants associated with food production (pesticides; imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, and glyphosate) and processing (acrylamide), in addition to chemicals ubiquitously found in our household goods (brominated flame retardants) and drinking water (heavy metals) and changes in key pathways important for the development of MetS and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E De Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Alison C Holloway, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, RM HSC-3N52, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada, Tel +1 905 525 9140 ext 22130, Fax +1 905 524 2911, Email
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Ostadrahimi A, Payahoo L, Somi MH, Khajebishak Y. The Association Between Urinary Cadmium Levels and Dietary Habits with Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Tabriz, Northwest of Iran. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:72-78. [PMID: 27272716 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread toxic heavy metal and has long biological half-life. It has potential carcinogenic effects on multiple organ systems of human. However, no studies have evaluated the adverse effects of cadmium on incidence of cancer in gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between urine cadmium (U-Cd) levels and risk of gastrointestinal cancer. This descriptive study was accomplished on 111 GI cancer patients as cases and 111 healthy people as control subjects from January to October in Tabriz, northwest Iran, during 2013. Cadmium in urine samples was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS). GI cancer patients had higher urine cadmium levels in comparison to healthy individuals (p < 0.05). The multivariate regression model manifested a significant association between the U-Cd concentrations and the risk of GI cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.70, 95 % CI = 1.35-2.20). Cases were 70 % more than controls at risk of cancer incidence. Our data indicates an association between U-Cd levels and GI cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laleh Payahoo
- Talented Students Center, Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Khajebishak
- Talented Students Center, Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Rationale for the Successful Management of EDTA Chelation Therapy in Human Burden by Toxic Metals. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8274504. [PMID: 27896275 PMCID: PMC5118545 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8274504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental and occupational toxicants is responsible for adverse effects on human health. Chelation therapy is the only procedure able to remove toxic metals from human organs and tissue, aiming to treat damage related to acute and/or chronic intoxication. The present review focuses on the most recent evidence of the successful use of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Assessment of toxic-metal presence in humans, as well as the rationale of EDTA therapy in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, is reported.
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Skröder H, Hawkesworth S, Moore SE, Wagatsuma Y, Kippler M, Vahter M. Prenatal lead exposure and childhood blood pressure and kidney function. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:628-634. [PMID: 27611993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to lead, a common environmental pollutant, is known to cause cardiovascular and nephrotoxic effects in adults. Potential effects of early-life lead exposure on these functions are, however, less well characterized. OBJECTIVES To assess blood pressure and kidney function in preschool-aged children in relation to prenatal lead exposure. METHODS This prospective study in rural Bangladesh measured children's systolic and diastolic blood pressure in triplicate at the follow-up at 4.5±0.11 years. Their kidney function was assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated based on serum cystatin C concentrations, and by kidney volume, measured by sonography. Exposure to lead was assessed by concentrations in the mothers' blood (erythrocyte fraction; Ery-Pb) in gestational weeks (GW) 14 and 30, the effects of which were evaluated separately in multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses. RESULTS We found no associations between maternal exposure to lead [n~1500 for GW14 and 700 for GW30] and children's blood pressure or eGFR. However, we found an inverse association between late gestation lead and kidney volume, although the sample size was limited (n=117), but not with early gestation lead (n=573). An increase of 85µg/kg in Ery-Pb (median concentration at GW30) was associated with a 6.0cm3/m2 decrease in kidney volume (=0.4SD; p=0.041). After stratifying on gender, there seemed to be a somewhat stronger association in girls. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal lead exposure may cause long-lasting effects on the kidney. This warrants follow-up studies in older children, as well as additional studies in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Skröder
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Yukiko Wagatsuma
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maria Kippler
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vahter
- Unit of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Toxic environmental exposures and kidney health in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:2043-54. [PMID: 26458883 PMCID: PMC4829489 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-level exposures to a number of agents are known to have direct nephrotoxic effects in children. A growing body of literature supports the hypothesis that chronic, relatively low-level exposure to various nephrotoxicants may also increase the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) or accelerate its progression. In this review we highlight several environmental nephrotoxicants and their association with CKD in children and adolescents. We also discuss unique epidemiological challenges in the use of kidney biomarkers in environmental nephrotoxicology.
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Yoon Y, Kim S, Chae Y, Kang Y, Lee Y, Jeong SW, An YJ. Use of Tunable Whole-Cell Bioreporters to Assess Bioavailable Cadmium and Remediation Performance in Soils. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154506. [PMID: 27171374 PMCID: PMC4865175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to have tools to measure the bioavailability to assess the risks of pollutants because the bioavailability is defined as the portions of pollutants showing the biological effects on living organisms. This study described the construction of tunable Escherichia coli whole-cell bioreporter (WCB) using the promoter region of zinc-inducible operon and its application on contaminated soils. It was verified that this WCB system showed specific and sensitive responses to cadmium rather than zinc in the experimental conditions. It was inferred that Cd(II) associates stronger with ZntR, a regulatory protein of zinc-inducible operon, than other metal ions. Moreover, the expression of reporter genes, egfp and mcherry, were proportional to the concentration of cadmium, thereby being a quantitative sensor to monitor bioavailable cadmium. The capability to determine bioavailable cadmium was verified with Cd(II) amended LUFA soils, and then the applicability on environmental systems was investigated with field soils collected from smelter area in Korea before and after soil-washing. The total amount of cadmium was decreased after soil washing, while the bioavailability was increased. Consequently, it would be valuable to have tools to assess bioavailability and the effectiveness of soil remediation should be evaluated in the aspect of bioavailability as well as removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yooeun Chae
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yerin Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Youngshim Lee
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- * E-mail:
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