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Chang CH, Lu CT, Chen TL, Chen HC, Pan WC, Chang CW, Chen YC, Yu YL. Relationships between bisphenol A and paraben exposure, oxidative stress, and the activity of outer hair cells in the cochlea in children with hearing loss. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 287:117310. [PMID: 39536565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the associations of childhood exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and parabens (PBs) with oxidative stress and the activity of outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlea of children with hearing loss (HL). A total of 641 children were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Urinary concentrations of BPA and four PBs including methyl paraben (MP), ethyl paraben (EP), propyl paraben (PP), and butyl paraben (BP) were quantified by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MSMS). Four urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-nitroguanine (8-NO2Gua), 4-hydroxynonenal mercapturic acid (HNE-MA), and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Hearing tests were conducted by an audiologist in the audiometric test room, and the results were confirmed by an otolaryngologist. The activity of OHCs in the cochlea was measured by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). The associations of BPA/PB exposure and oxidative stress with the activity of OHCs at different frequencies were evaluated in the multivariable linear regression models. There were 91 children with HL, for an incidence of approximately 14.2 %. There was a significant negative association between the presence of EP (1.5 K Hz, 3 K Hz) or PP (2 K Hz) or 8-OHdG (1 K Hz, 1.5 K Hz, 2 K Hz) and the activity of OHCs in the left ear. Significant results were also observed for BPA (2 K Hz), MP (1 K Hz, 1.5 K Hz, 2 K Hz), EP (3 K Hz), and 8-OHdG (2 K Hz) in the right ear. This study revealed that exposure to BPA/PBs reduces the activity of OHCs, especially at middle frequencies, in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huang Chang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ting Lu
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Chang
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Lin Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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You LM, Zhang DC, Lin CS, Lan Q. Phthalate Metabolites Were Related to the Risk of High-Frequency Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:5151-5161. [PMID: 39553265 PMCID: PMC11568771 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s481288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Phthalate metabolites are pervasive in the environment and linked to various health issues. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between phthalate metabolites and hearing loss. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1713 participants based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018. Participants were defined as speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) or high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL). We analyzed the baseline characteristics of participants and assessed the detection rates of phthalate metabolites in samples. Phthalate metabolites with detection rates of >85% were enrolled. Then, restricted cubic spline and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association of phthalate metabolites with hearing loss. Multi-model analysis was employed to select an optimal predictive model for HFHL based on phthalate metabolites and clinical factors. Results Among participants, 24.518% had SFHL and 41.998% had HFHL, associated with older age, higher BMI, male, non-Hispanic white, lower physical activity levels, higher exposure to work noise, hypertension, and diabetes. Monobenzyl phthalate (MBZP) showed a positive linear association with both SFHL and HFHL. Multivariable logistic regression revealed MBZP as a significant risk factor for HFHL (odds ratio=1.339, 95% confidence interval, 1.053-1.707). According to the area under curve (AUC) values, the logistic regression model had the best diagnostic performance of HFHL, with the highest AUC values of 0.865 in the test set. In the model, gender, diabetes, and MBZP were the top predictors of HFHL. Conclusion The study identified a significant association between MBZP exposure and HFHL, highlighting the need to reduce phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei You
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Chang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Shui Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, People’s Republic of China
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Liao H, Li X, Zhang H, Yin S, Hong Y, Chen R, Gui F, Yang L, Yang J, Zhang J. The ototoxicity of chlorinated paraffins via inducing apoptosis, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cochlea hair cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116936. [PMID: 39205353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common chronic sensory deficit that affects millions of people worldwide and has emerged as a significant public health concern. The association between environmental exposure to chemicals and the prevalence of hearing impairment has recently attracted increased attention. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a type of chemical compound that has been widely used and commonly detected in samples of both environmental and human origin. The knowledge of the toxicological effects of CPs, particularly its ototoxicity, remains limited at present. In this study, six commercial CPs were selected and evaluated using cochlea hair HEI-OC1 cells for their cytotoxicity, apoptosis, DNA damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and oxidative response. The cytotoxicity was observed after CPs exposure at high concentrations except for C-40 and was positively related to the chlorine content (Cl-content) in both CCK-8 and trypan blue assays. All 6 CPs induced cells apoptosis through caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. CPs exposure induced DNA damage and stimulated ROS overproduction. Antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could reverse the cytotoxicity and ROS accumulation caused by CPs exposure. The overexpression of ATF4 and CHOP indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was involved in the CPs induced cytotoxicity. Thus, CPs induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis via ROS accumulation, ER stress and DNA damage and positively related to the Cl-content and our findings indicate that CPs may pose a risk of ototoxicity at environmental relevant exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Liao
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Santai People's Hospital, Mianyang, 621100, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Huiming Zhang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yu Hong
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Fei Gui
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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Symeonides C, Aromataris E, Mulders Y, Dizon J, Stern C, Barker TH, Whitehorn A, Pollock D, Marin T, Dunlop S. An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses Evaluating Associations between Human Health and Exposure to Major Classes of Plastic-Associated Chemicals. Ann Glob Health 2024; 90:52. [PMID: 39183960 PMCID: PMC11342836 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological research investigating the impact of exposure to plastics, and plastic-associated chemicals, on human health is critical, especially given exponentially increasing plastic production. In parallel with increasing production, academic research has also increased exponentially both in terms of the primary literature and ensuing systematic reviews with meta-analysis. However, there are few overviews that capture a broad range of chemical classes to present a state of play regarding impacts on human health. Methods: We undertook an umbrella review to review the systematic reviews with meta-analyses. Given the complex composition of plastic and the large number of identified plastic-associated chemicals, it was not possible to capture all chemicals that may be present in, and migrate from, plastic materials. We therefore focussed on a defined set of key exposures related to plastics. These were microplastics, due to their ubiquity and potential for human exposure, and the polymers that form the matrix of consumer plastics. We also included plasticisers and flame retardants as the two classes of functional additive with the highest concentration ranges in plastic. In addition, we included bisphenols and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as two other major plastic-associated chemicals with significant known exposure through food contact materials. Epistemonikos and PubMed were searched for systematic reviews with meta-analyses, meta-analyses, and pooled analyses evaluating the association of plastic polymers, particles (microplastics) or any of the selected groups of high-volume plastic-associated chemicals above, measured directly in human biospecimens, with human health outcomes. Results: Fifty-two systematic reviews were included, with data contributing 759 meta-analyses. Most meta-analyses (78%) were from reviews of moderate methodological quality. Across all the publications retrieved, only a limited number of plastic-associated chemicals within each of the groups searched had been evaluated in relevant meta-analyses, and there were no meta-analyses evaluating polymers, nor microplastics. Synthesised estimates of the effects of plastic-associated chemical exposure were identified for the following health outcome categories in humans: birth, child and adult reproductive, endocrine, child neurodevelopment, nutritional, circulatory, respiratory, skin-related and cancers. Bisphenol A (BPA) is associated with decreased anoclitoral distance in infants, type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adults, insulin resistance in children and adults, polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity and hypertension in children and adults and cardiovascular disease (CVD); other bisphenols have not been evaluated. Phthalates, the only plasticisers identified, are associated with spontaneous pregnancy loss, decreased anogenital distance in boys, insulin resistance in children and adults, with additional associations between certain phthalates and decreased birth weight, T2D in adults, precocious puberty in girls, reduced sperm quality, endometriosis, adverse cognitive development and intelligence quotient (IQ) loss, adverse fine motor and psychomotor development and elevated blood pressure in children and asthma in children and adults. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) but not other flame retardants, and some PFAS were identified and are all associated with decreased birth weight. In general populations, PCBs are associated with T2D in adults and endometriosis, bronchitis in infants, CVD, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and breast cancer. In PCB-poisoned populations, exposure is associated with overall mortality, mortality from hepatic disease (men), CVD (men and women) and several cancers. PBDEs are adversely associated with children's cognitive development and IQ loss. PBDEs and certain PFAS are associated with changes in thyroid function. PFAS exposure is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and overweight in children, attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in girls and allergic rhinitis. Potential protective associations were found, namely abnormal pubertal timing in boys being less common with higher phthalate exposure, increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) with exposure to mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and reduced incidence of chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (a subtype of NHL) with PCB exposure. Conclusions: Exposure to plastic-associated chemicals is associated with adverse outcomes across a wide range of human health domains, and every plastic-associated chemical group is associated with at least one adverse health outcome. Large gaps remain for many plastic-associated chemicals. Recommendations: For research, we recommend that efforts are harmonised globally to pool resources and extend beyond the chemicals included in this umbrella review. Priorities for primary research, with ensuing systematic reviews, could include micro- and nanoplastics as well as emerging plastic-associated chemicals of concern such as bisphenol analogues and replacement plasticisers and flame retardants. With respect to chemical regulation, we propose that safety for plastic-associated chemicals in humans cannot be assumed at market entry. We therefore recommend that improved independent, systematic hazard testing for all plastic-associated chemicals is undertaken before market release of products. In addition because of the limitations of laboratory-based testing for predicting harm from plastic in humans, independent and systematic post-market bio-monitoring and epidemiological studies are essential to detect potential unforeseen harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Symeonides
- Minderoo Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edoardo Aromataris
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Janine Dizon
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cindy Stern
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy Hugh Barker
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ashley Whitehorn
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Danielle Pollock
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tania Marin
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah Dunlop
- Minderoo Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Wu Y, Li L, Tang L, Peijnenburg W, Zhang H, Xie D, Geng R, Zheng T, Bi L, Wei X, Chae HJ, Wang L, Zhao L, Li B, Zheng Q. Ototoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in mice, HEI-OC1 cells and zebrafish. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1345536. [PMID: 38440220 PMCID: PMC10909942 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1345536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene nanoplastics are a novel class of pollutants. They are easily absorbed by living organisms, and their potential toxicity has raised concerns. However, the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics on auditory organs remains unknown. Here, our results showed that polystyrene nanoplastics entered the cochlea of mice, HEI-OC1 cells, and lateral line hair cells of zebrafish, causing cellular injury and increasing apoptosis. Additionally, we found that exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics resulted in a significant elevation in the auditory brainstem response thresholds, a loss of auditory sensory hair cells, stereocilia degeneration and a decrease in expression of Claudin-5 and Occludin proteins at the blood-lymphatic barrier in mice. We also observed a significant decrease in the acoustic alarm response of zebrafish after exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics. Mechanistic analysis revealed that polystyrene nanoplastics induced up-regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, increased levels of malondialdehyde, and decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase levels in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. Furthermore, we observed that the expression of ferroptosis-related indicators GPX4 and SLC7A11 decreased as well as increased expression of ACLS4 in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. This study also revealed that polystyrene nanoplastics exposure led to increased expression of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and COX2 in cochlea and HEI-OC1 cells. Further research found that the cell apoptosis, ferroptosis and inflammatory reactions induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in HEI-OC1 cells was reversed through the pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, a reactive oxygen species inhibitor. Overall, our study first discovered and systematically revealed the ototoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Wu
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lianzhen Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihuan Tang
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Willie Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Huangruici Zhang
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Daoli Xie
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruishuang Geng
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Tihua Zheng
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Liyan Bi
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaodan Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Han-jung Chae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lan Wang
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Institute, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Qingyin Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Chang CH, Lu CT, Chen TL, Huang WT, Torng PC, Chang CW, Chen YC, Yu YL, Chuang YN. The association of bisphenol A and paraben exposure with sensorineural hearing loss in children. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:100552-100561. [PMID: 37635162 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and parabens (PBs) are chemicals that are extensively used in personal care products (PCPs). In early childhood development, hearing is critical to speech and language development, communication, and learning. In vitro and in vivo, BPA/PBs exhibited neurotoxicity through elevated levels of oxidative stress. BPA also has the potential to be an ototoxicant. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of exposure to BPA/PBs with sensorineural hearing loss in children. A cross-sectional study based on hearing tests was conducted. This study enrolled 320 children aged 6-12 years from elementary school. Urinary BPA and PB concentrations were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Logistic regression models were employed to determine the association of BPA/PB exposure with sensorineural hearing loss. Children with sensorineural hearing loss had higher BPA concentrations than normal-hearing children (0.22 ng/ml vs. 0.10 ng/ml, p = 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, the risk of hearing loss at middle frequencies reached 1.83-fold (95% CI: 1.12-2.99) when BPA concentrations increased by 1 log10. The risk of slight hearing loss reached 2.24-fold (95% CI: 1.05-4.78) when children had a tenfold increase in ethyl paraben (EP) concentration. This study clarifies the role of exposure to BPA/PBs in hearing loss in children. Future research needs to be expanded to include cohort designs and nationwide studies to identify causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huang Chang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Ting Lu
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ling Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tzu Huang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chuan Torng
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Chang
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Lin Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ning Chuang
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Capshaw G, Brown AD, Peña JL, Carr CE, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Tollin DJ, Womack MC, McCullagh EA. The continued importance of comparative auditory research to modern scientific discovery. Hear Res 2023; 433:108766. [PMID: 37084504 PMCID: PMC10321136 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
A rich history of comparative research in the auditory field has afforded a synthetic view of sound information processing by ears and brains. Some organisms have proven to be powerful models for human hearing due to fundamental similarities (e.g., well-matched hearing ranges), while others feature intriguing differences (e.g., atympanic ears) that invite further study. Work across diverse "non-traditional" organisms, from small mammals to avians to amphibians and beyond, continues to propel auditory science forward, netting a variety of biomedical and technological advances along the way. In this brief review, limited primarily to tetrapod vertebrates, we discuss the continued importance of comparative studies in hearing research from the periphery to central nervous system with a focus on outstanding questions such as mechanisms for sound capture, peripheral and central processing of directional/spatial information, and non-canonical auditory processing, including efferent and hormonal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Capshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Andrew D Brown
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - José L Peña
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Catherine E Carr
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Tollin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Molly C Womack
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A McCullagh
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Pajurek M, Mikolajczyk S, Warenik-Bany M. Engine oil from agricultural machinery as a source of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in free-range hens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29834-29843. [PMID: 36417073 PMCID: PMC9995527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Free-range hens spend most of their lives outdoors, resulting in their heavy exposure to environmental pollutants such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs), and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs). We present a case of contamination of free-range eggs that is previously unreported in the literature. The aim of our study was a source investigation after finding a high level of PCDD/Fs in samples of eggs from one of the inspected farms. Samples of hens' eggs, muscles, and livers and the feeds and soils were analyzed. The results showed that the soil samples taken from the paddock contained high concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs expressed as toxic equivalents (TEQ) (72.9 ± 18.2 pg WHO-TEQ g-1 dry mas (d.m.)) and a high concentration of NDL-PCBs (207 ± 46.9 ng g-1 d.m.). The investigation found that the cause of the soil contamination was oil leaking from the farm's tractor engine. The oil contained very high concentrations of PCDD/F and DL-PCBs (1013 ± 253 pg WHO-TEQ g-1 oil) and 5644 ng g-1 of NDL-PCBs. The source of the contamination was confirmed by the similarity of the PCDD/F and PCB profiles in the hen eggs and the soil contaminated by engine oil. The dietary intake of toxins resulting from consumption of the eggs is provided. For children, the consumption of contaminated eggs would result in an intake of double the tolerable weekly intake (TWI), while for adults, it would be approx. 60-70% of TWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pajurek
- Radiobiology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, NRL for Halogenated POPs (PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDE) in Food and Feed, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
| | - Szczepan Mikolajczyk
- Radiobiology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, NRL for Halogenated POPs (PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDE) in Food and Feed, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Warenik-Bany
- Radiobiology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, NRL for Halogenated POPs (PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDE) in Food and Feed, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
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Barrallo-Gimeno A, Llorens J. Hair cell toxicology: With the help of a little fish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1085225. [PMID: 36582469 PMCID: PMC9793777 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1085225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing or balance loss are disabling conditions that have a serious impact in those suffering them, especially when they appear in children. Their ultimate cause is frequently the loss of function of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear. Hair cells can be damaged by environmental insults, like noise or chemical agents, known as ototoxins. Two of the most common ototoxins are life-saving medications: cisplatin against solid tumors, and aminoglycoside antibiotics to treat infections. However, due to their localization inside the temporal bone, hair cells are difficult to study in mammals. As an alternative animal model, zebrafish larvae have hair cells similar to those in mammals, some of which are located in a fish specific organ on the surface of the skin, the lateral line. This makes them easy to observe in vivo and readily accessible for ototoxins or otoprotective substances. These features have made possible advances in the study of the mechanisms mediating ototoxicity or identifying new potential ototoxins. Most importantly, the small size of the zebrafish larvae has allowed screening thousands of molecules searching for otoprotective agents in a scale that would be highly impractical in rodent models. The positive hits found can then start the long road to reach clinical settings to prevent hearing or balance loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Barrallo-Gimeno
- Department de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jordi Llorens
- Department de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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10
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Long L, Tang Y. Urinary pyrethroid metabolite and hearing threshold shifts of adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275775. [PMID: 36251636 PMCID: PMC9576071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is a global health problem with a high prevalence and profound socioeconomic impact. Pyrethroids are one of the most commonly used insecticides. Although previous studies have reported the relationship between pyrethroids and neurotoxicity, little is known about the effect of pyrethroid exposure on the auditory system among the general population. This study is aimed to investigate the association of pyrethroid exposure with hearing threshold shifts of adults in the United States. A total of 726 adults, aged from 20 to 69 years from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were included in the study. Urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a general pyrethroid metabolite, was used as a biomarker for pyrethroid exposure. HL was defined as a pure-tone average (PTA) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz ≥ 20 dB in the better ear. Analyses by using multivariate linear regressions were conducted to explore the associations of urinary 3-PBA with PTA hearing threshold shifts. There were no statistically significant correlations between Ln-transformed 3-PBA and either low-frequency or high-frequency hearing thresholds after adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, firearm noise exposure, occupational noise exposure, recreational noise exposure, serum cotinine, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. However, associations of 3-PBA with both low-frequency and high-frequency hearing thresholds depended on age (P interaction < 0.0396 and 0.0017, respectively). Positive associations between Ln-transformed 3-PBA and both low-frequency and high-frequency hearing thresholds were observed in participants aged 20-39 years after adjusting confounders (β = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.04-3.01, and β = 3.14, 95% CI: 0.99-5.29, respectively) with the highest tertile (≥ 0.884 μg/g creatinine) of 3-PBA compared with the lowest tertile (< 0.407 μg/g creatinine). The possibility of interaction between 3-PBA and age on the hearing threshold shifts indicated that pyrethroid insecticides were prone to be more toxic to auditory system in younger adults than in older ones. Further studies will be required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Long
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sichuan University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuedi Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Long L, Tang X. Exploring the association of organochlorine pesticides exposure and hearing impairment in United States adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11887. [PMID: 35831449 PMCID: PMC9279322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is a highly prevalent public health concern. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are widely used environmental pollutants harmful to human health. Studies investigating the effects of OCPs exposure on the auditory system in the general population are rare. To explore the association between OCPs exposure and HL in adults, 366 adults aged 20-69 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003-2004) were investigated. HL was defined as a pure-tone average (PTA) ≥ 20 dB in the better ear. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association of four selected serum OCPs with PTAs and the risk of HL. In participants aged < 60 years, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p, p'-DDE) exposure was positively associated with low- and speech-frequency PTAs, and with low-frequency HL, respectively. Risk of HL increased in the highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile of serum HCB and p, p'-DDE (odds ratio [OR]: 4.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97-19.80; OR: 16.66, 95% CI: 2.64-105.09, respectively). In this study of US adults aged < 60 years, HCB and p, p'-DDE exposure was positively associated with HL. HCB and p, p'-DDE may be potential risk factors for HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Long
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sichuan University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinghua Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West Section 2, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Li MC. Urinary phenols and parabens in relation to hearing loss: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:331-335. [PMID: 35669816 PMCID: PMC9163259 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The animal studies raise concerns about the possible ototoxicity of phenolic chemicals. Therefore, we conducted an epidemiologic study to examine the associations of phenols and parabens with hearing impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bisphenol A (BPA), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), and triclosan (TCS) were measured in urine samples in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-06 and 2009-12. Methyl paraben (MPB) and propyl paraben (PPB) were measured in urine samples in NHANES 2005-06 and 2009-12. Hearing impairment was defined as a hearing threshold of more than 25 dB at each hearing frequency in the better ear. Tests for linear trend were conducted using the median concentrations of urinary phenols or parabens in each quartile as a continuous variable. RESULTS A total of 1809 participants (women = 52.0%) aged 20 and above were included in the final analysis (For MPB and PPB, the sample size was 1188). After adjusting for potential confounders, we found positive associations between BPA and hearing impairment at 3 K (p-trend = 0.04); between TCS and hearing impairment at 6 K (p-trend = 0.03); However, the odds ratio (OR) for the highest compared with the lowest quartile of both BPA and TCS did not reach statistical significance. In contrast, we found unexpected negative associations between BP-3 and hearing impairment at 0.5 K (p-trend = 0.04), 1 K (p-trend = 0.02), 2 K (p-trend <0.01), 6 K (p-trend = 0.03), and 8 K Hz (p-trend = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study offers limited evidence that background phenol and paraben exposures are ototoxicants for the United States adult population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-021-00779-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chieh Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Section 1, Heping E. Rd, Taipei City, 106 Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li W, Chen D, Ruan W, Peng Y, Lu Z, Wang D. Association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure, systemic inflammation with hearing loss among adults and adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 296:118772. [PMID: 34974090 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and hearing loss is rarely assessed. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and hearing loss among US adults and adolescents, and to explore the mediating role of systemic inflammation in the associations. Participants from the National health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES, 2001-2016) were included. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore the associations between PAH metabolites and hearing loss. A total of 4200 adults and 1337 adolescents were included in the present analysis. For adults, we found positive association between urinary PAH metabolites and hearing loss, including total, speech-frequency and high-frequency hearing loss. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each one-unit increase in the log-transformed level of 3-Hydroxyfluorene (3-OHFlu), 2-Hydroxyfluorene (2-OHFlu) and 2 & 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene (2&3-OHPh) with total hearing loss were 1.17 (1.04-1.31), 1.24 (1.07-1.43), and 1.18 (1.03-1.37), respectively. For adolescents, urinary PAH metabolites were positively associated with total and speech-frequency hearing loss, not with high-frequency. The ORs and 95% CIs for each one-unit increase in the log-transformed level of 3-OHFlu, 2-OHFlu and total urinary PAH metabolites with total hearing loss were 1.34 (1.06-1.68), 1.48 (1.13-1.93), and 1.33 (1.04-1.72), respectively. Each one-unit increase in the log-transformed level 2-OHFlu (β = 0.112, 95%CI = 0.018-0.206) and 2&3-OHPh (β = 0.145, 95%CI = 0.037-0.253) were positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) among adolescents, but not among adults. No mediating effect for CRP on the association of urinary PAH metabolites with hearing loss was found (all P > 0.05). 3-OHFlu and 2-OHFlu are associated with increased prevalence of hearing loss among adults and adolescents. Systemic inflammation does not mediate the associations. Further studies should be conducted to verify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Dajie Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Wenyu Ruan
- Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo, Shaanxi, 726000, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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14
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Eales J, Bethel A, Galloway T, Hopkinson P, Morrissey K, Short RE, Garside R. Human health impacts of exposure to phthalate plasticizers: An overview of reviews. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106903. [PMID: 34601394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review of reviews, we overview the current global body of available evidence from structured reviews of epidemiological studies that explore human health outcomes associated with exposure to phthalates (chemical plasticisers commonly found in plastics). We found robust evidence for an association with lower semen quality, neurodevelopment and risk of childhood asthma, and moderate to robust evidence for impact on anogenital distance in boys. We identified moderate evidence for an association between phthalates/metabolites and low birthweight, endometriosis, decreased testosterone, ADHD, Type 2 diabetes and breast/uterine cancer. There was some evidence for other outcomes including anofourchette distance, fetal sex hormones, pre-term birth, lower antral follicle count, reduced oestrodiol, autism, obesity, thyroid function and hearing disorders. We found no reviews of epidemiological human studies on the impact of phthalates from recycled plastics on human health. We recommend that future research should use urine samples as exposure measures, consider confounders in analyses and measure impacts on female reproductive systems. Our findings align with emerging research indicating that health risks can occur at exposure levels below the "safe dose" levels set out by regulators, and are of particular concern given potential additive or synergistic "cocktail effects" of chemicals. This raises important policy and regulatory issues for identifying and controlling plastics and health related impacts and highlights a need for more research into substances of concern entering plastics waste streams via recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eales
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK.
| | - A Bethel
- PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - T Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Streatham Campus, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - P Hopkinson
- Exeter Centre for Circular Economy, University of Exeter Business School, Streatham Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - K Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK
| | - R E Short
- Stockholm University, Frescativägen, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Garside
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK
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15
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Association of plasma lead, cadmium and selenium levels with hearing loss in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1100-1107. [PMID: 34713792 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To determine the association between hearing loss and environmental Pb, Cd and Se exposure, a total of 1503 American adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011-2012) were assessed. The average of four audiometric frequencies (0·5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz) was used to identify speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL), while the average of 3 audiometric frequencies (3, 4 and 6 kHz) was used to identify high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL). HFHL adjusted OR determined by comparing the highest and lowest blood Pb and Cd quartiles were 1·98 (95 % CI: 1·27, 3·10) and 1·81 (95 % CI: 1·13, 2·90), respectively. SFHL was significantly associated with blood Cd with the OR = 2·42 for the highest quartile. When further stratified by age, this association appeared to be limited to adults aged 35-52 years. After stratified by gender, except for Pb and Cd, we observed that blood Se showed a dose-dependent association with SFHL in men. In women, only Cd showed a dose-dependent association with speech and high-frequency hearing loss. Hearing loss was positively associated with blood levels of Pb and Cd. Additionally, our study provided novel evidence suggesting that excessive Se supplement would increase SFHL risk in men.
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16
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Hillesheim D, Zucki F, Roggia SM, Paiva KMD. [Self-reported hearing impairment and occupational exposure to hazardous noise and ototoxic agents: a population-based study]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2021; 37:e00202220. [PMID: 34644758 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00202220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study's objective was to estimate the association between self-reported hearing impairment and occupational exposure to hazardous noise and ototoxic agents in Brazilian workers. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS-2013). The dependent variable was self-reported hearing impairment, and three principal exposures were analyzed: noise, industrial dust, and chemical substances. Logistic regression was performed, estimating crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The principal exposure variables were adjusted for each other and by covariables sex, age, workplace, time on the job, and hypertension. 36,442 workers participated in the study. Higher prevalence of hearing impairment was seen in workers exposed to industrial dust (9.9%) (p < 0.001). The older the worker and the longer the time on the job, the higher the prevalence of hearing impairment (p < 0.001). In the adjusted analysis, workers exposed to noise showed 1.65 higher odds of reporting difficulty hearing, when compared to unexposed individuals (p < 0.001). The same was true for workers exposed to industrial dust (OR = 1.36) (p = 0.012). No association was observed between the outcome and exposure to chemical substances (p = 0.120). There was an association between hearing impairment and occupational exposure to noise and industrial dust in Brazilian workers. This emphasizes the importance of strengthening public policies for hearing health and the development of measures for prevention and auditory monitoring in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danúbia Hillesheim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Zucki
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - Simone Mariotti Roggia
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil
| | - Karina Mary de Paiva
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil
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17
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Zhang J, Li C, Yin S, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wang S, Xu X, Liu W, Xu L. Environmental exposure to organochlorine pesticides and its association with the risk of hearing loss in the Chinese adult population: A case-control study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:145153. [PMID: 33636793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common chronic sensory deficit that has become a major public health concern worldwide. Hearing loss is well documented to be induced by noise and ototoxic drugs, and the association of hearing loss with environmental pollutants has received increasing attention. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are an important group of environmental pollutants that exist ubiquitously in the human body and continue to represent a significant environmental health concern. Our case-control study was performed to explore the association between serum levels of OCPs and the risk of hearing loss in China, including 87 case-control pairs. Serum concentrations of 15 OCPs were measured. Pearson's correlation analysis and principal component analysis of frequently detected (>80%) OCPs showed a different distribution pattern, indicating possible exposure sources/scenarios for the case-control adult population. A higher α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) level was a risk factor for an increased prevalence of hearing loss. The risk of hearing loss was increased by approximately 5.25-fold in the highest tertile compared with the lowest tertile. Furthermore, a significant association of the α-HCH level with an increased hearing threshold was observed at mid/high frequencies. This study provided the first evidence indicating that exposure to α-HCH might be a potential risk factor for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Chenhui Li
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Shichang Wang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Xianrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Liangwen Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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18
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Green MP, Harvey AJ, Finger BJ, Tarulli GA. Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Impacts on human fertility and fecundity during the peri-conception period. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110694. [PMID: 33385395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly difficult to avoid exposure to man-made endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and environmental toxicants. This escalating yet constant exposure is postulated to partially explain the concurrent decline in human fertility that has occurred over the last 50 years. Controversy however remains as to whether associations exist, with conflicting findings commonly reported for all major EDC classes. The primary aim of this extensive work was to identify and review strong peer-reviewed evidence regarding the effects of environmentally-relevant EDC concentrations on adult male and female fertility during the critical periconception period on reproductive hormone concentrations, gamete and embryo characteristics, as well as the time to pregnancy in the general population. Secondly, to ascertain whether individuals or couples diagnosed as sub-fertile exhibit higher EDC or toxicant concentrations. Lastly, to highlight where little or no data exists that prevents strong associations being identified. From the greater than 1480 known EDCs, substantial evidence supports a negative association between exposure to phthalates, PCBs, PBDEs, pyrethroids, organochloride pesticides and male fertility and fecundity. Only moderate evidence exists for a negative association between BPA, PCBs, organochloride pesticides and female fertility and fecundity. Overall fewer studies were reported in women than men, with knowledge gaps generally evident for both sexes for all the major EDC classes, as well as a paucity of female fertility studies following exposure to parabens, triclosans, dioxins, PFAS, organophosphates and pyrethroids. Generally, sub-fertile individuals or couples exhibit higher EDC concentrations, endorsing a positive association between EDC exposure and sub-fertility. This review also discusses confounding and limiting factors that hamper our understanding of EDC exposures on fertility and fecundity. Finally, it highlights future research areas, as well as government, industry and social awareness strategies required to mitigate the negative effects of EDC and environmental toxicant exposure on human fertility and fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Green
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alexandra J Harvey
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bethany J Finger
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerard A Tarulli
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wang Y, Li X, Xu C, Yang G, Wang D, Wang X, Wang Q. Toxicological interactions of cadmium and four pesticides on early life stage of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1453-1461. [PMID: 32880082 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although chemicals have been traditionally regulated on an individual basis in aquatic ecosystems, they often co-exist as different types of complex mixtures. Laboratory assays were conducted for assessing the responses of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) to individual and mixture chemicals [trace element cadmium (Cd), thiamethoxam, deltamethrin, malathion and prochloraz]. Data obtained from 96 h semi-static toxicity assays implied that deltamethrin elicited the highest toxic effect on the various developmental phases (larval, juvenile and adult phases) of G. rarus with LC50 values ranging from 0.00061 to 0.25 mg a.i. L-1, followed by prochloraz, malathion and Cd with 96-h LC50 values ranging from 0.49 to 1.1, from 7.1 to 26, and from 7.6 to 15 mg a.i. L-1, respectively. Thiamethoxam elicited the lowest toxic effect on the organisms with 96-h LC50 values ranging from 38 to 202 mg a.i. L-1. Larval phase was not always the most sensitive period in the three detected phases to most of chemicals. Chemical combinations containing deltamethrin and malathion displayed synergetic responses to the larvae of G. rarus. Besides, the binary mixtures of Cd-deltamethrin and Cd-prochloraz also exhibited synergetic response to rare minnows. Our results indicate that extra information is necessary to develop practical criteria for selecting chemical combinations that require legislative attention according to their likelihood to exert synergetic responses. Thence, more investigations on mixture toxicities of various chemicals should be taken as a priority for producing synergetic interaction to improve the environmental risk assessment of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Li MC. Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Are Associated with Increased Hearing Impairment: A Re-Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165836. [PMID: 32806617 PMCID: PMC7460726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although studies have shown that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are potential environmental ototoxicants, epidemiologic study has been limited. I conducted a cross-sectional study to re-examine the associations between PFAS and hearing impairment. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2000, 2003-06, 2009-12, and 2015-16. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were measured in serum samples. Participants were divided into quartiles for each PFAS. Air conduction pure-tone audiometry was administered. Hearing impairment (1: yes, 0: no) was defined as a hearing threshold of more than 25 dB at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz in the worse ear. I assessed the relation of serum PFAS with hearing impairment by the generalized linear mixed model with a logit link and binary distribution. Tests for linear trend across quartiles of serum PFAS were conducted using the median serum PFAS in each quartile as a continuous variable. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, education, ethnicity group, and family income, I found positive correlations between PFOA and hearing impairment at 2000 Hz (p-trend < 0.01) and 3000 Hz (p-trend = 0.02); between PFOS and hearing impairment at 500 Hz (p-trend < 0.01), 2000 Hz (p-trend < 0.0001) and 3000 Hz (p-trend = 0.02); between PFNA and hearing impairment at 2000 Hz (p-trend = 0.05), 3000 Hz (p-trend < 0.01), 4000 Hz (p-trend = 0.02), and 8000 Hz (p-trend < 0.01); between PFHxS and hearing impairment at 500 Hz (p-trend = 0.04), 1000 Hz (p-trend = 0.03), and 2000 Hz (p-trend < 0.01). However, some of the findings were not significant when only comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of PFASs. In conclusion, several background serum PFASs are positively correlated with hearing impairment in the United States adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chieh Li
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Zhou WT, Wang LB, Yu H, Zhang KK, Chen LJ, Wang Q, Xie XL. N-acetylcysteine alleviates PCB52-induced hepatotoxicity by repressing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9720. [PMID: 32864221 PMCID: PMC7427542 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), particularly low chlorinated congeners in our environment, can induce human hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanisms by which PCBs cause hepatotoxicity remain elusive. Moreover, there are no effective treatments for this condition. In this study, 40 μM PCB52 was administered to rat (Brl-3A) and human hepatocytes (L-02) for 48 h following the N-acetylcysteine (NAC)/saline pretreatment. A significant decrease in cell viability was observed in PCB52-treated cells relative to the control. Besides, PCB52 significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, suggesting induction of oxidative stress. The expression of Traf6, MyD88, and Tnf in Brl-3A cells and that of MYD88, TNF, and IL1B in L-02 cells were significantly upregulated by PCB52. Consistently, overexpression of TLR4, MyD88, Traf6, and NF-κB p65 proteins was observed in PCB52-treated cells, indicating activation of inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, no changes in kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 proteins were observed in PCB52-treated cells, indicating non-activation of the keap1/nrf2 pathway. Pretreatment with NAC significantly ameliorated PCB52 effects on cell viability, ROS levels, MDA contents and expression of inflammatory elements at both RNA and protein levels. However, no changes in keap1, nrf2 and HO-1 protein levels were detected following NAC pretreatment. Taken together, with non-activated keap1/nrf2 pathway, PCB52-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses could be responsible for its hepatotoxicity. These effects were effectively attenuated by NAC pretreatment, which scavenges ROS and dampens inflammatory responses. This study might provide novel strategies for the treatment of the PCBs-associated hepatotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Bin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- The 2015 Class, 8-Year Program, The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Kai Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jian Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, China
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22
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Xu H, Mao Y, Xu B. Association between pyrethroid pesticide exposure and hearing loss in adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109640. [PMID: 32460092 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss in adolescents is a serious public health problem with a high prevalence. Pyrethroids are one of the most widely applied insecticides that have been linked to neurotoxicity. However, there is no study about the effect of pyrethroid insecticide exposure on the auditory system in the general population. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between pyrethroid pesticide exposure and hearing loss in adolescents in the United States. METHODS A total of 720 adolescents aged 12-19 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007-2010) were considered. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a urinary metabolite, was applied as a biomarker to assess pyrethroid exposure. Hearing loss in adolescents was defined as a pure-tone average (PTA) > 15 dB in either ear. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of urinary 3-PBA with PTA hearing thresholds and risk of hearing loss, respectively. RESULTS The weighted geometric mean of 3-PBA levels in urine was 0.32 μg/g creatinine, and 7.62% of adolescents had hearing loss. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, serum cotinine, annual family income and exposure to loud noise/music, linear regression analyses found that Ln-transformed 3-PBA was positively correlated with increase of hearing thresholds in either left (β = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.20-1.01) or right ear (β = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.16-0.89). Logistic regression analyses showed that adjusted odds ratio (OR) for hearing loss in adolescents with the highest tertile (≥0.52 μg/g creatinine) of 3-PBA were 3.12 (95% CI: 1.42-6.83) compared with the lowest tertile (<0.18 μg/g creatinine), with significant linear trends across tertiles. CONCLUSION Pyrethroid pesticide exposure was positively associated with hearing loss in U.S. adolescents. This study provides new evidence for the association between pyrethroid exposure and auditory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Bucai Xu
- Department of Traditional Medicine, The People's Hospital of Cangnan, Wenzhou Medical University, No.2288 Yucang Road, Cangnan County, Zhejiang, 325800, China.
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Wang DH, Xu H, Zheng YH, Gu DS, Zhu YJ, Ren Y, Wang SC, Yang L, Xu LW. Environmental exposure to lead and cadmium and hearing loss in Chinese adults: A case-control study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233165. [PMID: 32433709 PMCID: PMC7239478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the second most common nonfatal problem affecting the Chinese population. Historical studies have suggested an association between exposure to heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead, and hearing loss. Few studies have investigated this relationship in the general population in China. We conducted a case-control study with 1008 pairs of participants from a cross-sectional epidemiological survey conducted in Zhejiang Province. A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to collect information on demographics, chronic diseases, lifestyles and environmental noise. Pure-tone averages of hearing thresholds at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz were computed. Blood lead and cadmium levels were analyzed with an atomic absorption spectrometer. After adjusting for all other potential confounding factors, compared with the lowest blood cadmium quartile (0.00-0.53 μg/L), blood cadmium quartile 2 (0.54-0.92 μg/L), quartile 3 (0.93-1.62 μg/L) and quartile 4 (1.63-57.81 μg/L) exhibited significantly elevated risks for hearing loss, with odds ratios of 1.932 (95% CI: 1.356-2.751), 2.036 (95% CI: 1.423-2.914) and 1.495 (95% CI: 1.048-2.133), respectively (P-trend<0.001). However, an association of lead with hearing loss was not found. Young age (less than 60 years), male sex and current smoking were associated with increased blood cadmium concentration. Additionally, a positive association between blood cadmium and lead concentrations was found. Therefore, we conclude that exposure to environmental cadmium may be a risk factor for hearing loss among the general population in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hui Wang
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi-Hua Zheng
- Jiangshan People's Hospital, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Dong-Sheng Gu
- Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial Headquarters of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhu
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ying Ren
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shi-Chang Wang
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lei Yang
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Liang-Wen Xu
- Medical School, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Ortega R, Monzón MD, Ortega ZC, Cunningham E. Study and fire test of banana fibre reinforced composites with flame retardance properties. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe interest in natural fibre reinforced composites is growing in industrial applications due to natural fibres being an attractive alternative to synthetic fibres. However, it is necessary to improve the fire behaviour of the material because natural fibres have a high combustibility. The objective of this work is to evaluate the fire resistance of polymer composites reinforced with natural fibre fabric, using magnesium hydroxide as flame retardant for the polymeric matrix and alkali treatment for the fibre. The types of fabric are banana, banana with cotton and linen; and long banana fibre has been used for the formation of a nonwoven. The fire test is carried out based on ISO 9773 standard and the effect of the additive has been studied, chemical treatment, type of fabric and number of layers. Through statistical analysis, it is concluded that the flame propagation speed has a decreasing relation with respect to the percentage, but it decreases the mechanical properties considerably. In addition, the number of layers and type of fabric influence the fire properties. Finally, it is concluded that composites reinforced with linen fabric have the best mechanical properties, but banana nonwoven with 60% additive has the best fire behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ortega
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35014, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Mario D. Monzón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35014, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Zaida C. Ortega
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35014, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Eoin Cunningham
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Ulster, UK
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