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Amorosi A, Sammartino I. Predicting natural arsenic enrichment in peat-bearing, alluvial and coastal depositional systems: A generalized model based on sequence stratigraphy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171571. [PMID: 38492587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hazardously high concentrations of arsenic exceeding the threshold limits for soils and drinking waters have been widely reported from Quaternary sedimentary successions and shallow aquifers of alluvial and coastal lowlands worldwide, raising public health concerns due to potential human exposure to arsenic. A combined sedimentological and geochemical analysis of subsurface deposits, 2.5-50 m deep, from the SE Po Plain (Italy) documents a systematic tendency for naturally-occurring arsenic to accumulate in peat-rich layers, with concentrations invariably greater than maximum permissible levels. A total of 366 bulk sediment samples from 40 cores that penetrated peat-bearing deposits were analysed by X-ray fluorescence. Arsenic concentrations associated with 7 peat-free lithofacies associations (fluvial-channel, levee/crevasse, floodplain, swamp, lagoon/bay, beach-barrier, and offshore/prodelta) exhibit background values invariably below threshold levels (<20 mg/kg). In contrast, total arsenic contents from peaty clay and peat showed 2-6 times larger As accumulation. A total of 204 near-surface (0-2.5 m) samples from modern alluvial and coastal depositional environments exhibit the same trends as their deeper counterparts, total arsenic peaking at peat horizons above the threshold values for contaminated soils. The arsenic-bearing, peat-rich Quaternary successions of the Po Plain accumulated under persisting reducing conditions in wetlands of backstepping estuarine and prograding deltaic depositional environments during the Early-Middle Holocene sea-level rise and subsequent stillstand. Contamination of the Holocene and underlying Pleistocene aquifer systems likely occurred through the release of As by microbially-mediated reductive dissolution. Using high-resolution sequence-stratigraphic concepts, we document that the Late Pleistocene-Holocene lithofacies architecture dictates the subsurface distribution of As. The "wetland trajectory", i.e. the path taken by the landward/seaward shift of peat-rich depositional environments during the Holocene, may help predict spatial patterns of natural As distribution, delineating the highest As-hazard zones and providing a realistic view of aquifer contamination even in unknown areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Amorosi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 67, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Irene Sammartino
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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Vesković J, Deršek-Timotić I, Lučić M, Miletić A, Đolić M, Ražić S, Onjia A. Entropy-weighted water quality index, hydrogeochemistry, and Monte Carlo simulation of source-specific health risks of groundwater in the Morava River plain (Serbia). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116277. [PMID: 38537568 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Population growth, urbanization, industry, floods, and agriculture globally degrade groundwater in river plains, necessitating action for its quality assessment and management. Hence, a comprehensive methodology, including hydrogeochemical facies (Piper, Gibbs), irrigation indices (SAR, Wilcox), entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Monte Carlo simulation of source-specific health risks was used in this study to analyze groundwater in the Morava river plain (Serbia). The results revealed a prevalent Ca-Mg-HCO3 groundwater type, influenced by water-rock interactions. Although groundwater was found suitable for irrigation, only 66.7 % of the samples were considered drinkable. Agricultural activities, natural processes, and municipal wastewater were identified as primary pollution sources. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and hazard index (HI) threshold exceedance for adults and children ranged from 8.5 % to 39 % of the samples, with arsenic identified as the most risk-contributing contaminant. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers studying groundwater vulnerability in river plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vesković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Deršek-Timotić
- Serbian Environmental Protection Agency, Ruže Jovanovića 27a, 11160 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Lučić
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrijana Miletić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Đolić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Ražić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Antonije Onjia
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Guo L, Liu L, Liu Y, Yang T, Wang G, Liu J, Li S, Cai J. Development of a prognostic model for long-term survival of young patients with bladder cancer: a retrospective analysis of the SEER Database. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080092. [PMID: 38458812 PMCID: PMC10928756 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to present the clinical characteristics of young patients with bladder cancer (YBCa), evaluate related risk factors and construct a nomogram based on data acquired from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Database. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the SEER Database (2004-2015) for primary YBCa. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data for YBCa (defined as those aged 40 years or younger) were extracted from the SEER Database, which covers approximately 28% of the US population, using the SEER*Stat software (V.8.4.0.1). A total of 1233 YBCa were identified. Patients were randomly assigned to the training and validation sets. The database included clinicopathological features, demographic information and survival outcomes, such as age, gender, race, year of diagnosis, marital status at diagnosis, primary tumour site, histological type, tumour grade, tumour, node, metastases (TNM) staging, treatment regimen for the primary tumour, cause of death and survival time. A nomogram model was developed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The prediction model was validated using the consistency index (C-index), calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic curve. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES 3-year, 5-year and 10-year overall survival (OS). RESULTS 1233 YBCa from 2004 to 2015 were randomly assigned to the training set (n=865) and validation set (n=368). Age, marital status, tumour grade, histological type and TNM staging were included in the nomogram. The C-index of the model was 0.876. The 3-year, 5-year and 10-year OS area under the curve values for the training and validation sets were 0.949, 0.923 and 0.856, and 0.919, 0.890 and 0.904, respectively. Calibration plots showed that the nomogram had a robust predictive accuracy. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to establish a precise nomogram predicting the 3-year, 5-year and 10-year OS in YBCa based on multivariate analyses. Our nomogram may serve as a valuable reference for future diagnostics and individualised treatments for YBCa. However, external validation is warranted to assess the accuracy and generalisability of our prognostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxiong Guo
- Department of Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Surgery and Urology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Urology, Baoding No 1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Prostate & Andrology Key Laboratory, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Surgery and Urology, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Surgery and Urology, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junjiang Liu
- Department of Surgery and Urology, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Suwei Li
- YETEM Biotechnology Hebei Corporation, Ltd, Zhengding Area of Hebei Free Trade Zone, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianhui Cai
- Department of Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Surgery, Department of Oncology & Immunotherapy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Agradi S, Munga A, Barbato O, Palme R, Tarhan D, Bilgiç B, Dokuzeylül B, Ercan AM, Or ME, Brecchia G, Curone G, Draghi S, Vigo D, Marongiu ML, González-Cabrera M, Menchetti L. Goat hair as a bioindicator of environmental contaminants and adrenal activation during vertical transhumance. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1274081. [PMID: 38026642 PMCID: PMC10666633 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1274081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autochthonous breeds of livestock are considered a pivotal genetic resource for agriculture, rural development, and food and nutrition security. In the Italian Alps, local livestock breeds are maintained using the traditional alpine farming system based on vertical transhumance, with the use of alpine pastures from late spring to autumn and indoor housing with a hay-based diet for the remaining part of the year. Because of their tight link with the territory of origin, local breeds could be used to biomonitor environmental contaminations. Moreover, animal welfare should also be monitored during transhumance in animals, which are exposed to a sudden farming system change and different types of stressors. For these reasons, this investigation hypothesized that the content of trace elements, heavy metals, and cortisol in the hair of goats changes during vertical transhumance, possibly reflecting different dietary contents and activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study aimed to assess the response of an Italian local goat breed to the change from indoor housing to alpine pasture in summer in terms of hair concentrations of (i) trace elements and heavy metals and (ii) cortisol. The regrown hair of Frisa goats was monthly collected for 2 consecutive years (n = 10 for heavy metals and trace elements and n = 6 for cortisol in 2021, n = 17 for both analyses in 2022), once before vertical transhumance and twice after that event. Hair was then analyzed for trace elements, heavy metals, and cortisol by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA), respectively. Data were analyzed by multilevel models. The results showed an increase in As content during alpine pasture (p < 0.01), probably reflecting the soil and water As contents of the grazing area, while Mg, Zn, and Al (p < 0.01) followed the opposite trend, decreasing in the second month after vertical transhumance. Hair cortisol concentrations increased during 2 months of alpine pasture (p < 0.001), indicating an increase in the activation of the HPA axis, in agreement with previous studies. Future investigations can consider a longer study period and the development of ad hoc animal welfare indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Agradi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Albana Munga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Olimpia Barbato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Duygu Tarhan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bengü Bilgiç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Banu Dokuzeylül
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Alev Meltem Ercan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Erman Or
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Susanna Draghi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | | | - Marta González-Cabrera
- Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - Laura Menchetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
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Ansari MA, Saravana Kumar U, Noble J, Akhtar N, Akhtar MA, Deodhar A. Isotope hydrology tools in the assessment of arsenic contamination in groundwater: An overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139898. [PMID: 37607597 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is important for the survival of humanity and the demand for the same is drastically increasing globally. The precious water resources are under constant threat, either as a result of natural processes or due to the influence of the anthropogenic activities. Arsenic contamination of groundwater is one of those threats that have affected approximately over 500 million people in 107 countries globally. Although, many studies (∼1000 Nos.) have been carried out on arsenic hydrogeobiochemistry, only a few have reported, on the use of different isotopes in understanding the arsenic hydrochemistry, and its release mechanism and mobilization. Determination of the isotopic composition of a groundwater sample and its dissolved compounds enable a better insight into the hydrological processes that control the distribution and migration of arsenic in the subsurface hydrological system. The environmental isotopes of water molecules (δ18O and δ2H) have been widely used to assess the groundwater origin, its recharge mechanisms, the rock-water interactions and quality. The stable isotopes of dissolved compounds of water (δ34S, δ15N, δ13C, δ56Fe etc.) give better information on the reaction processes within these elements and thus act as a tracer for contaminants, while the radioactive isotopes, such as 14C, 3H, 81Kr, 36Cl, 39Ar etc., can be used to assess the residence time of groundwater and its renewability. This article reviews the different uses of environmental isotopes as tools for providing critical information on various hydrological processes in the arsenic contaminated regions that can't be obtained through conventional tools for better management of the groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Arzoo Ansari
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai- 400085, India
| | - U Saravana Kumar
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jacob Noble
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai- 400085, India
| | - Naima Akhtar
- Central Groundwater Board, North-West Region, Chandigarh - 160019, India
| | - M Arslaan Akhtar
- Geoscience Division, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Dehradun- 248001, India
| | - Archana Deodhar
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai- 400085, India
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Shahid SU, Iqbal J, Abbasi NA, Tahir A. GIS based hotspot analysis and health risk assessment of groundwater arsenic from an unconfined deep aquifer of Lahore, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6053-6068. [PMID: 37233862 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01612-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Use of groundwater for drinking purpose poses serious hazards of arsenic contamination particularly in plains of western Himalayan region. Therefore, current study was designed to investigate the level of Arsenic (As) in the water obtained from tubewells in a metropolitan city of Lahore, Pakistan and assess the human health risk. So, a total of 73 tubewells were sampled randomly in the manner that the whole study region was covered without any clustering. The water samples were analyzed for As using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. These samples were also tested for total dissolved solids, chlorides, pH, alkalinity, turbidity, hardness and calcium. GIS based hotspots analysis technique was used to investigate the spatial distribution patterns. Our results revealed that only one sample out of total 73 had arsenic level below the WHO guideline of 10 μg/L. The spatial distribution map of arsenic revealed that the higher concentrations of arsenic are present in the north-western region of Lahore. The cluster and outlier analysis map using Anselin Local Moran's I statistic indicated the presence of an arsenic cluster in the west of River Ravi. Furthermore, the optimized hotspot analysis based on Getis-Ord Gi* statistics confirmed the statistical significance (P < 0.05) and (P < 0.01) of these samples from the vicinity of River Ravi. Regression analysis showed that variables such as turbidity, alkalinity, hardness, chlorides, calcium and total dissolved solids were significantly (all P < 0.05) associated with level of Arsenic in tubewells. Whereas, PH and electrical conductivity and other variables like town, year of installation, depth and diameter of the wells were not significantly associated with Arsenic concentrations in tubewells. Principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited that the random distribution of tubewell samples showed no distinct clustering with towns studied. Health risk assessment based on hazard and Cancer risk index revealed serious risk of developing carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic diseases particularly in children. The health risk due to prevalence of high As concentration in tubewells' water need to be mitigated immediately to avoid worst consequences in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Umair Shahid
- Centre for Integrated Mountain Research (CIMR), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Institute of Geographical Information Systems (IGIS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Institute of Geographical Information Systems (IGIS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Akhtar Abbasi
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Areej Tahir
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hassan HB, Moniruzzaman M, Majumder RK, Ahmed F, Quaiyum Bhuiyan MA, Ahsan MA, Al-Asad H. Impacts of seasonal variations and wastewater discharge on river quality and associated human health risks: A case of northwest Dhaka, Bangladesh. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18171. [PMID: 37519722 PMCID: PMC10372231 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface water pollution caused by the discharge of effluents from industrial estates has become a major concern for Dhaka (Bangladesh). This study aims to have a concise look at the severe river water pollution, mainly from effluents discharged from the tannery village. Effluent samples were collected from five ejected points, including the central effluent treatment plant (CETP), twenty adjacent river water, and two pond water nearby Hemayetpur, Savar. Thirty-one parameters have been observed at these sampling points for three seasons, from April 2021 to January 2022. The results obtained from water quality indices, i.e., water quality index (WQI), entropy water quality index (EWQI), and irrigation water quality index (IWQI), show that most studied surface water samples ranked "unsuitable" for consumption, irrigation, and anthropogenic purposes. The highest health risk was observed downstream of Hemayetpur city at the Savar CETP discharge site, indicating higher levels of heavy metal in the river water following the tannery village. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risks could be triggered mainly by water consumption as concentrations of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) exceeded the upper benchmark of 1 × 10-4 for adults and children. The results of the carcinogenic risk assessment revealed that children were more vulnerable to health hazards, and quick corrective action is required to control the increased levels of heavy metals at all sample locations. Therefore, through bioaccumulation, human health and the environment are affected in these areas. Using river water for consumption, household work, or even irrigation purposes is not advisable. This study's result highlighted that properly implementing compatible policies and programs is required to improve effluent treatment methods and provide biodegradability to the Dhaleshwari River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaz Bin Hassan
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moniruzzaman
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Ratan Kumar Majumder
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Fowzia Ahmed
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Quaiyum Bhuiyan
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ariful Ahsan
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Hafiz Al-Asad
- Department of Chemistry, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
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Nagar S, Bharti M, Negi RK. Genome-resolved metagenomics revealed metal-resistance, geochemical cycles in a Himalayan hot spring. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3273-3289. [PMID: 37052633 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The hot spring microbiome is a complex assemblage of micro- and macro-organisms; however, the understanding and projection of enzymatic repertoire that access earth's integral ecosystem processes remains ambivalent. Here, the Khirganga hot spring characterized with white microbial mat and ions rich in sulfate, chlorine, sodium, and magnesium ions is investigated and displayed the examination of 41 high and medium qualified metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) belonged to at least 12 bacterial and 2 archaeal phyla which aids to drive sulfur, oxygen, iron, and nitrogen cycles with metabolic mechanisms involved in heavy metal tolerance. These MAGs possess over 1749 genes putatively involved in crucial metabolism of elements viz. nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur and 598 genes encoding enzymes for czc efflux system, chromium, arsenic, and copper heavy metals resistance. The MAGs also constitute 229 biosynthetic gene clusters classified abundantly as bacteriocins and terpenes. The metabolic roles possibly involved in altering linkages in nitrogen biogeochemical cycles and explored a discerned rate of carbon fixation exclusively in archaeal member Methanospirillum hungatei inhabited in microbial mat. Higher Pfam entropy scores of biogeochemical cycling in Proteobacteria members assuring their major contribution in assimilation of ammonia and sequestration of nitrate and sulfate components as electron acceptors. This study will readily improve the understanding of the composite relationship between bacterial species owning metal resistance genes (MRGs) and underline the exploration of adaptive mechanism of these MAGs in multi-metal contaminated environment. KEY POINTS: • Identification of 41 novel bacterial and archaeal species in habitats of hot spring • Genome-resolved metagenomics revealed MRGs (n = 598) against Cr, Co, Zn, Cd, As, and Cu • Highest entropies of N (0.48) and Fe (0.44) cycles were detected within the MAGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Nagar
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, Kalkaji, New Delhi, India
| | - Meghali Bharti
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Fish Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Faria MCDS, Hott RDC, dos Santos MJ, Santos MS, Andrade TG, Bomfeti CA, Rocha BA, Barbosa F, Rodrigues JL. Arsenic in Mining Areas: Environmental Contamination Routes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4291. [PMID: 36901297 PMCID: PMC10002384 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emission and accumulation of toxic elements such as arsenic in various environmental compartments have become increasingly frequent primarily due to anthropogenic actions such as those observed in agricultural, industrial, and mining activities. An example of environmental arsenic contamination in Brazil exists in the city of Paracatu, MG, due to the operation of a gold mine. The aim of this work is to evaluate the routes and effects of arsenic contamination in environmental compartments (air, water, and soil) and environmental organisms (fish and vegetables) from mining regions as well as the trophic transfer of the element for a risk assessment of the population. In this study, high levels of arsenic were found in the waters of the Rico stream ranging from 4.05 µg/L during the summer season to 72.4 µg/L during the winter season. Moreover, the highest As concentration was 1.668 mg kg-1 in soil samples, which are influenced by seasonal variation and by proximity to the gold mine. Inorganic and organic arsenic species were found above the allowed limit in biological samples, indicating the transfer of arsenic found in the environment and demonstrating a great risk to the population exposed to this area. This study demonstrates the importance of environmental monitoring to diagnose contamination and encourage the search for new interventions and risk assessments for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Cristina da Silva Faria
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Carvalho Hott
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Maicon Junior dos Santos
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayra Soares Santos
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Thainá Gusmão Andrade
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Cleide Aparecida Bomfeti
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Jairo Lisboa Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia (ICET), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni 39803-371, MG, Brazil
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10
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Lingamdinne LP, Choi JS, Choi YL, Chang YY, Koduru JR. Stable and recyclable lanthanum hydroxide-doped graphene oxide biopolymer foam for superior aqueous arsenate removal: Insight mechanisms, batch, and column studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137615. [PMID: 36572366 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a graphene oxide-based lanthanum hydroxide/chitosan foam (CSGOL foam) was synthesized for arsenate (As(V)) remediation in surface water. The synthesized CSGOL foam texture and purity was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies. The results proved that the foam was highly porous, stable, and had high surface functionality that facilitated adsorption for water pollutant removal. The sorption results proved that the As(V) removal was high (146.20 mg/g at pH 6 with 0.5 g/L CSGOL foam) when compared to the similar type of materials, endothermic chemisorption due to the production of monodentate and bidentate inner-sphere complexes. Furthermore, continuous column results indicated that the As(V) concentration in real surface waters was reduced to WHO standards (less than 10 μg As/L of water) of As(V) in drinking water for up to 10,000 bed volume. Further it can be used up to four cycles without loss of efficacy less than 93%. Because of its excellent removal capabilities and simple synthesis technique, CSGOL foam shows significant promise for treating As(V)-containing water. Further, the XPS analysis and batch studies results suggests that As(V) removal mechanism was involved electrostatic and surface complexation through chemical interaction predominately.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong-Soo Choi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Lim Choi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Young Chang
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Environmental Engineering Department, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Mahlknecht J, Aguilar-Barajas I, Farias P, Knappett PSK, Torres-Martínez JA, Hoogesteger J, Lara RH, Ramírez-Mendoza RA, Mora A. Hydrochemical controls on arsenic contamination and its health risks in the Comarca Lagunera region (Mexico): Implications of the scientific evidence for public health policy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159347. [PMID: 36228788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nearly half of the world's urban population depends on aquifers for drinking water. These are increasingly vulnerable to pollution and overexploitation. Besides anthropogenic sources, pollutants such as arsenic (As) are also geogenic and their concentrations have, in some cases, been increased by groundwater pumping. Almost 40 % of Mexico's population relies on groundwater for drinking water purposes; much the aquifers in semi-arid and arid central and northern Mexico is contaminated by As. These are agricultural regions where irrigation water is primarily provided from intenstive pumping of the aquifers leading to long-standing declines in the water table. The focus of this study is the main aquifer within the Comarca Lagunera region in Northern Mexico. Although the scientific evidence demonstrates that health effects are associated with long-term exposure to elevated As concentrations, this knowledge has not yielded effective groundwater development and public health policy. A multidisciplinary approach - including the evaluation of geochemistry, human health risk and development and public health policy - was used to provide a current account of these links. The dissolved As concentrations measured exceeded the corresponding World Health Organization guideline for drinking water in 90 % of the sampled wells; for the population drinking this water, the estimated probability of presenting non-carcinogenic health effects was >90 %, and the lifetime risk of developing cancer ranged from 0.5 to 61 cases in 10,000 children and 0.2 to 33 cases in 10,000 adults. The results suggest that insufficient policy responses are due to a complex and dysfunctional groundwater governance framework that compromises the economic, social and environmental sustainability of this region. These findings may valuable to other regions with similar settings that need to design and enact better informed, science-based policies that recognize the value of a more sustainable use of groundwater resources and a healthier population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Ismael Aguilar-Barajas
- Departamento de Economía, Escuela de Ciencias Sociales y Gobierno, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Paulina Farias
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | - Peter S K Knappett
- Department of Geology & Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA
| | - Juan Antonio Torres-Martínez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Jaime Hoogesteger
- Water Resources Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - René H Lara
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), Av. Veterinaria S/N, Circuito Universitario, Col. Valle del Sur, 34120 Durango, DGO, Mexico
| | - Ricardo A Ramírez-Mendoza
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Abrahan Mora
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Puebla de Zaragoza 72453, Mexico.
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12
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Ciampi P, Esposito C, Bartsch E, Alesi EJ, Rehner G, Morettin P, Pellegrini M, Olivieri S, Ranaldo M, Liali G, Papini MP. A data-driven modeling approach for the sustainable remediation of persistent arsenic (As) groundwater contamination in a fractured rock aquifer through a groundwater recirculation well (IEG-GCW®). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114827. [PMID: 36410461 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Persistent arsenic (As) pollution sources from anthropogenic activities pose a serious threat to groundwater quality. This work aims to illustrate the application of an innovative remediation technology to remove As from a heavily contaminated fractured aquifer at a historically polluted industrial site. Groundwater circulation well (GCW) technology was tested to significantly increase and accelerate the mobilization and removal of As in the source area. The GCW extracts and re-injects groundwater at different depths of a vertical circulation well. By pumping out and reinjecting in different screen sections of the well, the resulting vertical hydraulic gradients create recirculation cells and affect and mobilize trapped contaminants that cannot be influenced by traditional pumping systems. The first 45-m deep IEG-GCW® system was installed in 2020, equipped with 4 screen sections at different depths and with an above-ground As removal system by oxidation and filtration on Macrolite (Enki). A geomodeling approach supports both remediation and multi-source data interpretation. The first months of operation demonstrate the hydraulic effectiveness of the IEG-GCW® system in the fractured rock aquifer and the ability to significantly enhance As removal compared to conventional pumping wells currently feeding a centralized treatment system. The recirculation flow rate amounts to about 2 m3/h. Water pumped and treated by the GCW system is reintroduced with As concentrations reduced by an average of 20%-60%. During the pilot test, the recirculating system removed 23 kg As whilst the entire central pump-and-treat (P&T) system removed 129 kg, although it treated 100 times more water volume. The P&T plant removed 259 mg As per m3 of pumped and treated groundwater while the GCW removed 4814 mg As per m3 of the treated groundwater. The results offer the opportunity for a more environmentally sustainable remediation approach by actively attacking the contamination source rather than containing the plume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ciampi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Esposito
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ernst Bartsch
- IEG Technologie GmbH, Hohlbachweg 2, D-73344, Gruibingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Eduard J Alesi
- IEG Technologie GmbH, Hohlbachweg 2, D-73344, Gruibingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Gert Rehner
- IEG Technologie GmbH, Hohlbachweg 2, D-73344, Gruibingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Piero Morettin
- Enki Ambiente Srl, Via Zandonai 6, 30174, Mestre, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Petrangeli Papini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Sadiku OO, Rodríguez-Seijo A. Metabolic and genetic derangement: a review of mechanisms involved in arsenic and lead toxicity and genotoxicity. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:244-255. [PMID: 36607725 PMCID: PMC9985351 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urbanisation and industrialisation are on the rise all over the world. Environmental contaminants such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are directly linked with both phenomena. Two PTEs that raise greatest concern are arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) as soil and drinking water contaminants, whether they are naturally occurring or the consequence of human activities. Both elements are potential carcinogens. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which As and Pb impair metabolic processes and cause genetic damage in humans. Despite efforts to ban or limit their use, due to high persistence both continue to pose a risk to human health, which justifies the need for further toxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubusayo Olujimi Sadiku
- University of Lagos, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo
- University of Porto, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- University of Porto, Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, Porto, Portugal
- University of Vigo, Department of Plant Biology and Soil Sciences, Ourense, Spain
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14
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Lin Z, Liu Y, Cheng Z, Zhao R, Zhang H. Uncertainty health risk assessment and regional control of drinking water: a case study of Hanyuan County, southwest mountainous area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68202-68215. [PMID: 35534706 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the health risks of drinking water in Hanyuan County, 96 samples of peripheral drinking water were collected from 30 sites in the area. The samples were then analyzed for chemical properties including Fe, Mn, NH3-N, [Formula: see text], F-, Pb, Hg, As, Cr(VI), Cd, and so on. The health risks of ten trace elements in drinking water were probabilistically assessed using the health risk assessment model and Monte Carlo simulation. On this basis, sequential indicator simulations were used to classify the health risk levels of drinking water in the region, to conduct hierarchical management and control. The results showed that except for [Formula: see text], all other indicators met World Health Organization standards and China's drinking water sanitation standards. Drinking water presents a specific carcinogenic risk to adults, and the cumulative contribution of As and Cr(VI) exceeds 95%, and has a specific non-carcinogenic risk to children if the cumulative contribution of F-, [Formula: see text], and As exceeds 90%. Grade I, II, and III non-carcinogenic risk areas accounted for 0.89%, 24.72%, and 74.39% of the total area of Hanyuan County, respectively, while grade I, II, and III carcinogenic risk areas accounted for 27.71%, 45.56%, and 26.73% of the total Hanyuan County area, respectively. Finally, according to the health risk characteristics of each control area, corresponding zoning control suggestions were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjiang Lin
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
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15
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Bilici N, Doğan E, Sevinç E, Sevinç N, Akinci G, Musmul A, Cengiz M, Şahin IK, Aslanipour B, Ayhanci A. Blood and Stool Arsenic Levels Are Decisive for Diagnosing Children's Functional Gastrointestinal Disease (FGD). Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3050-3059. [PMID: 34564832 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric gastroenteritis is a potentially fatal disease that accounts for 10% of childhood deaths. The main risk is environmental factors and nutrition. Arsenic (As) is commonly found in the earth's crust. As is an essential element that can form many organic compounds. In children, it causes diarrhea, gums, tongue lesions, diabetes, conjunctivitis, ocular opacity, and impaired immune response. It also causes low growth, mental retardation, and neurological problems. It is also known as the cause of many cancers that originate at an early age. Regionally, there is an iron and steel industry for almost a century. According to the Rome IV criteria, the blood and stools of 50 children aged 6-18 years, male and female, living in our province with functional gastrointestinal disease (FGD), were screened for As, and compared with the Healthy group (control) of 30 children. The results were evaluated with the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test. When blood and stool As values in males were compared with control samples, a high level of significance (p = 0.001) was found between both blood and stool As values in sick males and the control group (p < 0.005). In females, blood and stool As median values were also highly significant when compared with the control group (p = 0.001). According to these data, when the sick children (children with male and female gender) are compared with the healthy ones, the difference is highly significant (p < 0.005). High blood As levels in children indicate environmental pollution. It can be said that blood As levels are high as a result of food, water, and inhaler exposure. The presence of a high level of significant difference in stool means that the amount of As is high in the foods consumed daily. High levels of As are in blood and stools; It was evaluated that FGD could be the cause of nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and colic. The increase in blood and stool As values due to environmental pollution is an important reason for FGD. For diseases of uncertain cause (such as FGD) resulting from chronic As exposure, blood and especially stool As values are more significant than urinary As levels. In conclusion, As a diagnostic criterion, it was concluded that blood and stool As values are an important marker in children with functional abdominal pain with other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namik Bilici
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Pharmacology, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Erkan Doğan
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Child Health and Diseases, Karabük University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Eylem Sevinç
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Child Health and Diseases, Karabük University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Nergiz Sevinç
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Public Health, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Musmul
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Medical Documentation and Secretariat Program, ESOGU Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cengiz
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
| | | | - Behnaz Aslanipour
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayhanci
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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16
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Abstract
Arsenic poisoning constitutes a major threat to humans, causing various health problems. Almost everywhere across the world certain “hotspots” have been detected, putting in danger the local populations, due to the potential consumption of water or food contaminated with elevated concentrations of arsenic. According to the relevant studies, Asia shows the highest percentage of significantly contaminated sites, followed by North America, Europe, Africa, South America and Oceania. The presence of arsenic in ecosystems can originate from several natural or anthropogenic activities. Arsenic can be then gradually accumulated in different food sources, such as vegetables, rice and other crops, but also in seafood, etc., and in water sources (mainly in groundwater, but also to a lesser extent in surface water), potentially used as drinking-water supplies, provoking their contamination and therefore potential health problems to the consumers. This review reports the major areas worldwide that present elevated arsenic concentrations in food and water sources. Furthermore, it also discusses the sources of arsenic contamination at these sites, as well as selected treatment technologies, aiming to remove this pollutant mainly from the contaminated waters and thus the reduction and prevention of population towards arsenic exposure.
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17
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Khajehpour S, Karbassi A, Honarmand M, Shariat M. Exposure risk assessment, pollution level, and source identification of arsenic in soil: A case study of the Bardsir Plain (southeastern Iran). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1123-1136. [PMID: 33153289 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1836134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the total arsenic concentration in the soil and the related human exposure risks in the central part of the Bardsir Plain in southeastern Iran. The results show that the average total arsenic concentration in agricultural soil is 50.26 mg/kg, which is 2.5 times higher than the maximum acceptable limit (20 mg/kg) recommended by the European Community. The natural portion of the arsenic concentration was larger than the anthropogenic portion. The high total arsenic concentration could be due to a combination of geogenic sources and irrigation with polluted groundwater. The average values of Igeo, Ipoll, and IB for agricultural soils were 1.10, 0.14, and 0.15, respectively; which are characterized as moderately polluted. The average non-carcinogenic hazard (HI) values for children and adults were 2.27 and 0.24, respectively, suggesting that children are exposed to non-carcinogenic risks. The total carcinogen risk (CR) value was 1.16E-04, which indicates a high risk of harmful effects to inhabitants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Khajehpour
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environmental Pollution, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Karbassi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Honarmand
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shariat
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environmental Pollution, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Qu G, Jia P, Zhang T, Li Z, Chen C, Zhao Y. UiO-66(Zr)-derived t-zirconia with abundant lattice defect for remarkably enhanced arsenic removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132594. [PMID: 34662637 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) exhibits great potential in the remediation of arsenic-polluted water. In this study, tetragonal zirconium oxide (t-ZrO2) with high lattice defects was facilely fabricated by regulating the Zr-metal-organic framework (MOF) (UiO-66) with sodium acetate modulator and examined to adsorb arsenic from water. Benefitting from the synergistic effects of mesopores structure and lattice defect, t-ZrO2 exhibited ultrahigh adsorption capacity and faster kinetics towards both arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)). The Langmuir adsorption capacity for As(V) and As(III) of 147.5 mg g-1 and 352.1 mg g-1 on t-ZrO2 in exothermic process, respectively, significantly outperforming reported counterparts in literature (generally ≤100 mg g-1). The faster adsorption kinetic of both As(III) and As(V) on t-ZrO2 is defined favorably by the pseudo-second-order model over a wide pH (3-11). Furthermore, arsenic is mainly captured by t-ZrO2 via forming Zr-O-As bonds through occupying coordinatively unsaturated zirconium atoms adsorption sites revealed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. This study offers a new strategy for designing ultrahigh performance Zr-MOF-derived adsorbents for capturing arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojuan Qu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zongchen Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Changxun Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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19
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Rimondi V, Costagliola P, Lattanzi P, Catelani T, Fornasaro S, Medas D, Morelli G, Paolieri M. Bioaccessible arsenic in soil of thermal areas of Viterbo, Central Italy: implications for human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:465-485. [PMID: 33881674 PMCID: PMC8858286 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal waters near the city of Viterbo (Central Italy) are known to show high As contents (up to 600 µg/l). Travertine is precipitated by these waters, forming extended plateau. In this study, we determine the As content, speciation and bioaccessibility in soil and travertine samples collected near a recreational area highly frequented by local inhabitants and tourists to investigate the risk of As exposure through accidental ingestion of soil particles. (Pseudo)total contents in the studied soils range from 17 to 528 mg/kg, being higher in soil developed on a travertine substrate (197 ± 127 mg/kg) than on volcanic rocks (37 ± 13 mg/kg). In travertines, most As is bound to the carbonatic fraction, whereas in soil the semimetal is mostly associated with the oxide and residual fractions. Accordingly, bioaccessibility (defined here by the simplified bioaccessibility extraction test, SBET; Oomen et al., 2002.) is maximum (up to 139 mg/kg) for soil developed on a travertine substrate, indicating a control of calcite dissolution on As bioaccessibility. On the other hand, risk analysis suggests a moderate carcinogenic risk associated with accidental soil ingestion, while dermal contact is negligible. By contrast, ingestion of thermal water implies a higher carcinogenic and systemic health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy.
- CNR- IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy.
| | - P Costagliola
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
- CNR- IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - P Lattanzi
- CNR- IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - T Catelani
- Piattaforma di Microscopia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - S Fornasaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - D Medas
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato - Blocco A, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - G Morelli
- CNR- IGG, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - M Paolieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
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20
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Geochemical Markers as a Tool for the Characterization of a Multi-Layer Urban Aquifer: The Case Study of Como (Northern Italy). WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of geochemical markers is a known valid tool to explore the water sources and understand the main factors affecting natural water quality, which are known issues of interest in environmental science. This study reports the application of geochemical markers to characterize and understand the recharge areas of the multi-layer urban aquifer of Como city (northern Italy). This area presents a perfect case study to test geochemical markers: The hydrogeological setting is affected by a layered karst and fractured aquifer in bedrock, a phreatic aquifer hosted in Holocene sediments and connected with a large freshwater body (Lake Como); the aquifers recharge areas and the water geochemistry are unknown; the possible effect of the tectonic setting on water flow was overlooked. In total, 37 water samples were collected including water from two stacked aquifers and surface water to characterize hydrochemical features. Moreover, six sediment samples in the recent palustrine deposits of the Como subsurface were collected from cores and analyzed to understand the main geochemistry and mineralogy of the hosting material. The chemical analyses of water allow to observe a remarkable difference between the shallow and deep aquifers of the study area, highlighting different recharge areas, as well as a different permanence time in the aquifers. The sediment geochemistry, moreover, confirms the differences in trace elements derived from sediment-water interaction in the aquifers. Finally, an anomalous concentration of As in the Como deep aquifer was observed, suggesting the need of more detailed analyses to understand the origin of this element in water. This study confirms the potentials of geochemical markers to characterize main factors affecting natural water quality, as well as a tool for the reconstruction of recharge areas.
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Fuoco I, De Rosa R, Barca D, Figoli A, Gabriele B, Apollaro C. Arsenic polluted waters: Application of geochemical modelling as a tool to understand the release and fate of the pollutant in crystalline aquifers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113796. [PMID: 34626951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the most investigated elements worldwide due to its negative impact on the natural system. Its geochemical behavior depends on several geogenic processes, which can cause hazardous enrichment into natural waters, even in remote areas, far from anthropogenic sources. In this work the arsenic pollution issue has been addressed by studying water-rock interaction processes and applying reaction path modelling as a tool to understand the rock-to-water release of As and the fate of this natural pollutant in crystalline aquifers. In-depth geochemical characterization of several water samples discharging from crystalline aquifers was performed. The obtained data were used to fix the boundary conditions and validate the modelling outcomes. The performed modelling allowed to reconstruct the water-rock interaction processes which occur (i) in shallow and relatively shallow crystalline aquifers in which no As anomalies were observed and (ii) in As-rich areas, coupling reaction path modelling of granite dissolution with adsorption of dissolved As onto precipitating crystalline and amorphous Fe(III)-oxyhydroxides given the widespread presence of these phases in the studied environment. The results of the geochemical modelling are in agreement with the analytical data and reproduce them satisfactorily. The performed geochemical modelling is of high environmental significance because it is a flexible and powerful tool that correctly defines the water-rock interaction processes occurring in crystalline aquifers, providing valuable data to improve the knowledge on As behavior, not only in the study area, but also in similar geological settings worldwide. Therefore, the present research has broad future perspectives in the environmental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fuoco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036, Italy
| | - R De Rosa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036, Italy
| | - D Barca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036, Italy
| | - A Figoli
- Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM-CNR), P. Bucci street, cubo 17/C, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036, Italy
| | - B Gabriele
- LISOC Group, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, 87036, Italy
| | - C Apollaro
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST) - University of Calabria, P. Bucci street, cubo 15b, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036, Italy.
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Boldrocchi G, Monticelli D, Mazzoni M, Spanu D, Bettinetti R. Accumulation of Selected Trace Elements in Shads from Three Lakes: First Insights from Italian Pre-Alpine Area. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4753-4758. [PMID: 33432509 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of trace element pollution is important for the environmental assessment and management of lacustrine ecosystems, especially when these represent critical freshwater resources in densely populated areas. In this context, this study determined the levels of 15 trace elements in muscles of shad, Alosa agone (Scopoli 1786), a commercialized zooplanktivourous fish, from three primary, but currently still poorly studied, Italian lakes, namely, Lake Como, Iseo, and Garda. Research findings show that shads present similar trace element accumulation patterns among lakes, except for arsenic, which occurs at lower levels in Lake Como. Results provide evidence also for mercury biomagnification in fish, whereas all the other selected trace elements undergo bio-dilution through the same trophic chain. Maximum allowable limits for foodstuff were exceeded for chromium and selenium in shads, whereas mercury levels exceeded the European Environmental Quality Standard biota. These results highlight the need for regular monitoring activities of trace elements in the biota of these lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boldrocchi
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - D Monticelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - M Mazzoni
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - D Spanu
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - R Bettinetti
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100, Como, Italy.
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Kesh Kumar S, Bharti DA. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Arsenic-Induced Cancer Patients in Indo-Gangetic Plains of Bihar: Role of Proactive Coping. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2021:272684X211033460. [PMID: 34256635 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211033460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic induced cancer is a major public health issue in Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar, India where 22 out of 38 districts report arsenic contamination of groundwater. Its psychological aspect is under studied in contrast to the physiological and social. This baseline correlational survey research explores the relationship and role of proactive coping on depression, anxiety and stress among this population. Depression, anxiety and stress were assessed in 77 consenting arsenic induced cancer patients with depression, anxiety and stress scales. Proactive Coping was assessed with proactive coping inventory. Results demonstrated negative association and influence of proactive coping on stress, anxiety and depression. Avoidance coping associated positively with depression and reflective coping predicted for depression and anxiety. The findings advocate for more research attention on psychological aspects of arsenic induced cancer. Timely psychological interventions to build proactive coping are warranted to alleviate depression, anxiety and stress among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Kesh Kumar
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 206411, India
| | - Das Ambika Bharti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 206411, India
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Prigioniero A, Zuzolo D, Sciarrillo R, Guarino C. Assessing pollinosis risk in the Vesuvius National Park: A novel approach for Index of Urban Green Zones Allergenicity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111063. [PMID: 33785323 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pollen released by urban flora is the mayor contributor to airborne allergen content, with adverse impact on human health, representing one of the main ecosystems disservices. The Vesuvius National Park (Southern Italy) develops on an area of 8017 ha, falling within thirteen municipalities, in which 345,000 people live. Pollination events in the park may pose a threat to the health of people damaging their well-being. The objective of this work is to establish the potential allergenic value of the plant species occurring in the Vesuvius National Park, so that the allergenicity of the park can be estimated through version novel approach for Index of Urban Green Zones Allergenicity (modIUGZA). It allows the determination of allergenicity of extended areas, by using sampling area and subsequent estimation of plant covers with Braun-Blanquet scale. Sampling areas have been defined and phytosociological surveys have been conducted to register plant species, relative covers and allergenicity potential. As a weighting factor, the surfaces of the park total area, and municipalities' areas were used. First, we obtained the results by the traditional deterministic approach. The results indicated that an allergic risk cannot be excluded for Ottaviano municipality and the whole park. Subsequently, we developed a quantitative risk assessment model for allergenic risk based on probabilistic model resulting in a more exhaustive risk assessment. There is a 5% probability that in the Vesuvius National Park, the vegetation may rise to an allergenic risk. The municipality-level probabilistic risk outcomes also reveal a certain probability of risk even for eleven municipalities. Sensitivity analysis indicate that plant height and vegetation cover mainly affect expected risk. This tool may be useful to forecast and prevent pollinosis related events on a large scale, allowing risk mitigation measure in health protection perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Prigioniero
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Daniela Zuzolo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Sciarrillo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Carmine Guarino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, 82100, Benevento, Italy
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Ghosh S, Basu M, Banerjee K, Chaudhury SP, Paul T, Bera DK, Pal DK, Sk UH, Panda CK, Ghosh A. Arsenic level in bladder tumor of patients from an exposed population: association with progression and prognosis. Future Oncol 2021; 17:1311-1323. [PMID: 33648348 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To elucidate the impact of arsenic on progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. Patients & methods: Total arsenic in 145 tumors (80 non-muscle-invasive [NMIBC] and 65 muscle-invasive bladder cancer [MIBC]) was measured and associated with Ki67 expression, tumor-clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome. Results: Tumor arsenic concentration was higher in exposed than unexposed patients (256 μg/kg vs 77 μg/kg; p < 0.0001) and positively correlated (r = 0.65; p < 0.0001) with arsenic content of patient's drinking water. Arsenic concentration showed significant association with Ki67-overexpression (p = 0.001) and advanced tumor stages (NMIBC vs MIBC; p = 0.0009). In NMIBC, high tumor arsenic (>100 μg/kg) and Ki67 overexpression was established as predictors for recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.68; p = 0.005 and HR: 3.91; p = 0.018) and progression (HR: 6.04; p = 0.023 and HR: 6.87; p = 0.013). In MIBC, association of high arsenic remained significant with increased risk of recurrence (HR: 4.58; p = 0.04). Conclusion: In NMIBC, high arsenic and Ki67 overexpression and in MIBC, only high arsenic showed prognostic importance in predicting poor patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabnam Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Mukta Basu
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Kalyan Banerjee
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | | | - Tanmoy Paul
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Bera
- Department of Urology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700020, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Pal
- Department of Urology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700020, India
| | - Ugir Hossain Sk
- Department of Clinical & Translational Research, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
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Rotiroti M, Bonomi T, Sacchi E, McArthur JM, Jakobsen R, Sciarra A, Etiope G, Zanotti C, Nava V, Fumagalli L, Leoni B. Overlapping redox zones control arsenic pollution in Pleistocene multi-layer aquifers, the Po Plain (Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143646. [PMID: 33257069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that control As concentrations in groundwater is vital for supplying safe groundwater in regions with As-polluted aquifers. Despite much research, mainly addressing Holocene aquifers hosting young (<100 yrs) groundwater, the source, transport, and fate of As in Pleistocene aquifers with fossil (>12,000 yrs) groundwaters are not yet fully understood and so are assessed here through an evaluation of the redox properties of the system in a type locality, the Po Plain (Italy). Analyses of redox-sensitive species and major ions on 22 groundwater samples from the Pleistocene arsenic-affected aquifer in the Po Plain shows that groundwater concentrations of As are controlled by the simultaneous operation of several terminal electron accepters. Organic matter, present as peat, is abundant in the aquifer, allowing groundwater to reach a quasi-steady-state of highly reducing conditions close to thermodynamic equilibrium. In this system, simultaneous reduction of Fe-oxide and sulfate results in low concentrations of As (median 7 μg/L) whereas As reaches higher concentrations (median of 82 μg/L) during simultaneous methanogenesis and Fe-reduction. The position of well-screens is an additional controlling factor on groundwater As: short screens that overlap confining aquitards generate higher As concentrations than long screens placed away from them. A conceptual model for groundwater As, applicable worldwide in other Pleistocene aquifers with reducible Fe-oxides and abundant organic matter is proposed: As may have two concentration peaks, the first after prolonged Fe-oxide reduction and until sulfate reduction takes place, the second during simultaneous Fe-reduction and methanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rotiroti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy.
| | - Tullia Bonomi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sacchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - John M McArthur
- Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - Rasmus Jakobsen
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandra Sciarra
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma 1, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Etiope
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma 2, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Zanotti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Nava
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Fumagalli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Leoni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Ahmed MF, Mokhtar MB, Alam L. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk of arsenic ingestion via drinking water in Langat River Basin, Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:897-914. [PMID: 32372251 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The prolonged persistence of toxic arsenic (As) in environment is due to its non-biodegradable characteristic. Meanwhile, several studies have reported higher concentrations of As in Langat River. However, it is the first study in Langat River Basin, Malaysia, that As concentrations in drinking water supply chain were determined simultaneously to predict the health risks of As ingestion. Water samples collected in 2015 from the four stages of drinking water supply chain were analysed for As concentration by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Determined As concentrations along with the time series data (2004-2015) were significantly within the maximum limit 0.01 mg/L of drinking water quality standard set by World Health Organization. The predicted As concentration by auto-regression moving average was 3.45E-03 mg/L in 2020 at 95% level based on time series data including climatic control variables. Long-term As ingestion via household filtration water at Langat Basin showed no potential lifetime cancer risk (LCR) 9.7E-06 (t = 6.68; p = 3.37E-08) as well as non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ) 4.8E-02 (t = 6.68; p = 3.37E-08) risk at 95% level. However, the changing landscape, ex-mining ponds and extensive use of pesticides for palm oil plantation at Langat Basin are considered as the major sources of increased As concentration in Langat River. Therefore, a two-layer water filtration system at Langat Basin should be introduced to accelerate the achievement of sustainable development goal of getting safe drinking water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhaz Farid Ahmed
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mazlin Bin Mokhtar
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Lubna Alam
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Saha N, Rahman MS. Groundwater hydrogeochemistry and probabilistic health risk assessment through exposure to arsenic-contaminated groundwater of Meghna floodplain, central-east Bangladesh. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111349. [PMID: 32992292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A clear understanding of various hydrogeochemical processes is essential for the protection of groundwater quality, which is a prime concern in Bangladesh. The present study deals with the geochemistry of groundwater at various depths to investigate the hydrogeochemical processes controlling the water quality of Meghna floodplain, the sources and mechanisms of arsenic (As) liberation, and the estimation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks (using probabilistic and deterministic approaches) to the adults and children of the Comilla district, central-east Bangladesh. The groundwaters were generally of Ca-Mg-HCO3 type, and water-sediment interaction was the dominant factor in evolving the chemical signatures. The dissolution of carbonates, weathering of silicates, and cation exchange processes governed the major ion chemistry. Dissolved As concentration ranged from 0.002 to 0.36 mg/L and Monte Carlo simulation-based probabilistic estimation of cancer risk suggested that; (1) ~ 83% of the waters exceeded the higher end of the acceptable limit of 1 × 10-4; (2) the probability of additional cases of cancer in every 10,000 adults and children were on average ~9 and ~5, respectively; (3) adults were more susceptible than children; and (4) ingestion was the main pathway of As poisoning and the contribution of dermal contact was negligible (<1%). According to sensitivity analysis, the duration of exposure to As and its concentration in groundwater posed the greatest impact on cancer risk assessment. However, hydrogeochemical investigations on the sources and mobilization mechanisms of As suggested that the reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides was the principal process of As release in groundwater. The oxidation of pyrite and competitive exchange of fertilizer-derived phosphate for the sorbed As were not postulated as the plausible explanation for As liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narottam Saha
- Center for Mined Land Rehabilitation, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - M Safiur Rahman
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Lab., Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Tabelin CB, Corpuz RD, Igarashi T, Villacorte-Tabelin M, Alorro RD, Yoo K, Raval S, Ito M, Hiroyoshi N. Acid mine drainage formation and arsenic mobility under strongly acidic conditions: Importance of soluble phases, iron oxyhydroxides/oxides and nature of oxidation layer on pyrite. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:122844. [PMID: 32534389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) formation and toxic arsenic (As) pollution are serious environmental problems encountered worldwide. In this study, we investigated the crucial roles played by common secondary mineral phases formed during the natural weathering of pyrite-bearing wastes-soluble salts (melanterite, FeSO4·7H2O) and metal oxides (hematite, Fe2O3)-on AMD formation and As mobility under acidic conditions (pH 1.5-4) prevalent in historic tailings storage facilities, pyrite-bearing rock dumps and AMD-contaminated soils and sediments. Our results using a pyrite-rich natural geological material containing arsenopyrite (FeAsS) showed that melanterite and hematite both directly-by supplying H+ and/or oxidants (Fe3+)-and indirectly-via changes in the nature of oxidation layer formed on pyrite-influenced pyrite oxidation dynamics. Based on SEM-EDS, DRIFT spectroscopy and XPS results, the oxidation layer on pyrite was mainly composed of ferric arsenate and K-Jarosite when melanterite was abundant with/without hematite but changed to Fe-oxyhydroxide/oxide and scorodite when melanterite was low and hematite was present. This study also observed the formation of a mechanically 'strong' coating on pyrite that suppressed the mineral's oxidation. Finally, As mobility under acidic conditions was limited by its precipitation as ferric arsenate, scorodite, or a Fe/Al arsenate phase, including its strong adsorption to Fe-oxyhydroxides/oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlito Baltazar Tabelin
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Ryan D Corpuz
- Nanolabs LRC Co. Ltd., Quezon City 1105, Philippines
| | - Toshifumi Igarashi
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mylah Villacorte-Tabelin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Richard Diaz Alorro
- Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, WA 6430, Australia
| | - Kyoungkeun Yoo
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, South Korea
| | - Simit Raval
- School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mayumi Ito
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiroyoshi
- Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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Fang W, Yang ZY, Chen TY, Shen XF, Zhang C. Ethnicity and survival in bladder cancer: a population-based study based on the SEER database. J Transl Med 2020; 18:145. [PMID: 32228610 PMCID: PMC7106682 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is the most common cancer in the urinary system and the fourth most common cancer in males. This study aimed to examine differences in the survival of bladder cancer patients of different ethnicities. Method We used the SEER database to obtain data pertaining to bladder cancer patients from 2010 to 2015. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ethnicity and death. Kaplan–Meier survival and nomogram analyses were used to compare survival differences among patients with different ethnicities. Results Among 101,364 bladder cancer patients, 90,910 were white, 5893 were black, 337 were American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN), and 4224 were Asian or Pacific Islander (API). Our multivariate analysis identified differences between different ethnicities. Compared to the API group, the AIAN (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.09–1.57, P < 0.001), black (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.46–1.67, P < 0.001), and white (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.12–1.25, P < 0.001) groups showed lower survival probabilities. Based on data from all Kaplan–Meier survival curves, there was no significant difference in survival between the black and AIAN groups, but the survival of these two races was worse than that of the white and API groups. We also used a nomogram to estimate patient survival and validated its predictive value. Conclusion Our results suggest that ethnic differences exist in patients with bladder cancer, that the survival of black and AIAN bladder cancer patients is worse than that of other ethnicities and that the survival of API patients is the best. The significant prognostic factors of overall survival, which include age, sex, ethnicity, summary stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, surgery type, and histologic type, should be applied to bladder cancer patient prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Yang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Xian-Feng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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