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Norouzzadeh M, Kalantar H, Khorsandi L, Mohtadi S, Khodayar MJ. Betaine ameliorates arsenic-induced kidney injury in mice by mitigating oxidative stress-mediated inflammation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 758:110076. [PMID: 38942108 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, an environmental pollutant and poisonous metalloid, has adverse effects on different body organs, including the kidneys. Betaine is a natural nutrient that has many beneficial health effects. This research was conducted to examine the impact of betaine on nephrotoxicity caused by inorganic arsenic (NaAsO2) in mice. Mice were separated into following groups: control, NaAsO2 (50 ppm), NaAsO2 (50 ppm) + betaine (500 mg/kg), and betaine (500 mg/kg). Mice were received NaAsO2 via drinking water for 8 consecutive weeks and betaine was given to the animals via gavage once daily in the 7th and 8th weeks of the study. Upon completion of the study, the mice were euthanized and samples of serum and kidney were obtained for further evaluations. Administration of NaAsO2 increased the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in the serum. It enhanced the amounts of renal malondialdehyde and decreased the total thiol levels, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase). Furthermore, it enhanced the levels of renal inflammatory indicators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide). Western blot results exhibited an increase in the protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and phosphorylated NF-κB in NaAsO2-treated mice. Histopathological results also confirmed kidney damage caused by NaAsO2. However, treatment with betaine improved NaAsO2-related kidney injuries in mice. The results of this work indicated that betaine can attenuate kidney damage caused by NaAsO2 by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Norouzzadeh
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shokooh Mohtadi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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2
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Dong A, Ma Y, Wang X, Jing X, He H, Zhang T, Dong H, Liu W, Fan K, Huo J. Effect of cadmium on histopathological injuries and ultra-structural changes of kidney of the turtle Mauremys reevesii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:39774-39781. [PMID: 38834928 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This research investigated the effect of cadmium on the tissue and cell of kidney of the turtle Mauremys reevesii. Twenty turtles were injected with cadmium at 0, 7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg separately and five turtles were taken in each group at two weeks after exposure. Kidneys were immediately excised and macroscopic pathological changes were observed, then the kidneys were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histopathological examination and fixed in 2.5% (v/v) glutaraldehyde for examination of ultra-structure. The tissues of kidney presented varying degrees of histopathological lesions in cadmium treated turtles by a dose-dependent manner under the light microscope. Under transmission electron microscope, renal tubules cells presented varying degrees of dose-dependent lesions. The results indicated that cadmium can cause cell damages to the kidney, in particular to the mitochondria. Mitochondria can be used as one biomarker in the monitoring of cadmium pollution and its quantitative risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xuejie Jing
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Tianmiao Zhang
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huidong Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Kaifang Fan
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junfeng Huo
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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3
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Koyama H, Kamogashira T, Yamasoba T. Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:76. [PMID: 38247500 PMCID: PMC10812460 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are often found in soil and can contaminate drinking water, posing a serious threat to human health. Molecular pathways and curation therapies for mitigating heavy metal toxicity have been studied for a long time. Recent studies on oxidative stress and aging have shown that the molecular foundation of cellular damage caused by heavy metals, namely, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial stress, share the same pathways as those involved in cellular senescence and aging. In recent aging studies, many types of heavy metal exposures have been used in both cellular and animal aging models. Chelation therapy is a traditional treatment for heavy metal toxicity. However, recently, various antioxidants have been found to be effective in treating heavy metal-induced damage, shifting the research focus to investigating the interplay between antioxidants and heavy metals. In this review, we introduce the molecular basis of heavy metal-induced cellular damage and its relationship with aging, summarize its clinical implications, and discuss antioxidants and other agents with protective effects against heavy metal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Koyama
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
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4
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Wasfey EF, Shaaban M, Essam M, Ayman Y, Kamar S, Mohasseb T, Rozik R, Khaled H, Eladly M, Elissawi M, Bassem A, Elshora SZ, Radwan SM. Infliximab Ameliorates Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Experimental Rat Model: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Apoptotic and Autophagic Machineries. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:717-726. [PMID: 37656380 PMCID: PMC10611839 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating data confirms that Methotrexate (MTX), a well-known immunosuppressive and anticancer drug, causes nephrotoxicity. Infliximab (INF), the inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), was proven to have anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, it may have potential in preventing MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to inspect the prospective nephroprotective effect of INF on MTX-induced rat nephrotoxicity through investigating the possible molecular mechanisms, including its interference with different death routes, oxidative stress as well as mitochondrial biogenesis. Rats received an INF intraperitoneal single dose of 7 mg/kg 72 h prior to a single 20 mg/kg MTX injection. MTX nephrotoxicity was demonstrated by significantly increased serum levels of the renal indicators urea and creatinine as well as renal inflammatory markers TNF-α and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the renal oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA), while renal antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased compared to control. INF injection prior to MTX markedly reversed these MTX-induced effects. Besides, MTX impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, while INF attenuated this impairment, as indicated by increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). Finally, MTX triggered apoptotic and autophagic cascades in renal tissues as evidenced by reduced anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression as well as elevated expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and both key regulators of autophagy; beclin-1 and LC-3, whereas INF pretreatment counteracted these apoptotic and autophagic effects of MTX. Summarily, these results suggest that INF provides protection against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity which could be elucidated by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic effects as well as upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Wasfey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marah Shaaban
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manalia Essam
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssef Ayman
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Kamar
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tasneem Mohasseb
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana Rozik
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Huda Khaled
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eladly
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Elissawi
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Bassem
- Drug Design Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Z Elshora
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara M Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wang J, Yang J, Liu K, Qu W, Wang K, Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Gu X. Quercetin protects cadmium-induced renal injuries in mice by inhibiting cell pyroptosis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1319857. [PMID: 38033639 PMCID: PMC10687149 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1319857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd) has a significant impact on kidney health. Documents manifested that non-toxic flavonoid quercetin can reduce Cd-induced kidney damage by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis, while the effect of quercetin on Cd-induced renal cell pyroptosis has not been elucidated. In this study, we established a model of Cd poisoning treated with quercetin both in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that quercetin effectively reversed the decrease in Cd-induced cell viability. Furthermore, Cd increased blood urea nitrogen while reducing GPX and SOD levels, caused histopathological injuries in kidney with a significantly elevated cell pyroptosis characterized by enhanced levels of proteins representing assembly (NLRP3) and activation (pro IL-1β, cleaved IL-1β, and IL-18) of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as pyroptosis executor (pro caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1). However, quercetin administration alleviated kidney injuries above by decreasing cell pyroptosis. Overall, it suggests that kidney cells are susceptible to pyroptotic cell death due to Cd exposure; while quercetin exhibits protective effects through cell pyroptosis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaolong Gu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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6
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KORKMAZ Y, GUNGOR H, DEMIRBAS A, DIK B. Pomegranate peel extract, N-Acetylcysteine and their combination with Ornipural alleviate Cadmium-induced toxicity in rats. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:990-997. [PMID: 37495528 PMCID: PMC10539821 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a major environmental pollutant and a highly toxic metal. It was aimed to determine the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PPE), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) alone and along with Ornipural on cadmium-induced toxicity. Forty-six Wistar Albino male rats were divided into 6 groups and the groups were formed into healthy control, Cadmium group (5 mg/kg/day, oral), Cadmium + Pomegranate peel extract (500 mg/kg, oral), Cadmium + N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg, oral), Cadmium + Pomegranate peel extract (500 mg/kg, oral) + Ornipural (1 mL/kg, subcutaneous) and Cadmium + N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg, oral) + Ornipural (1 mL/kg, subcutaneous). Cadmium accumulated heavily in both liver and kidney tissue. The administration of N-acetylcysteine and pomegranate peel extract alone reduced cadmium levels in both tissues. N-acetylcysteine treatment prevented the increase in ALT and MDA levels by cadmium damage. N-acetylcysteine + Ornipural treatment inhibited the increase in liver 8-OHdG level in the liver. N-acetylcysteine and N-acetylcysteine + Ornipural treatments prevented the reduced serum MMP2 level. N-acetylcysteine and Pomegranate peel extract + Ornipural treatments significantly reduced the increased liver iNOS level in the liver. In conclusion, NAC therapy may be a successful treatment option for cadmium toxicity. However, further research is needed on the effects of PPE and Ornipural combinations for the treatment of cadmium toxicity. In future studies, various doses of these treatment options (with chelators) should be investigated for cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin KORKMAZ
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin GUNGOR
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet DEMIRBAS
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Sivas Vocational School, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Burak DIK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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7
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Marini HR, Bellone F, Catalano A, Squadrito G, Micali A, Puzzolo D, Freni J, Pallio G, Minutoli L. Nutraceuticals as Alternative Approach against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:722. [PMID: 37367879 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) represents a public health risk due to its non-biodegradability and long biological half-life. The main target of Cd is the kidney, where it accumulates. In the present narrative review, we assessed experimental and clinical data dealing with the mechanisms of kidney morphological and functional damage caused by Cd and the state of the art about possible therapeutic managements. Intriguingly, skeleton fragility related to Cd exposure has been demonstrated to be induced both by a direct Cd toxic effect on bone mineralization and by renal failure. Our team and other research groups studied the possible pathophysiological molecular pathways induced by Cd, such as lipid peroxidation, inflammation, programmed cell death, and hormonal kidney discrepancy, that, through further molecular crosstalk, trigger serious glomerular and tubular injury, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Moreover, CKD is associated with the presence of dysbiosis, and the results of recent studies have confirmed the altered composition and functions of the gut microbial communities in CKD. Therefore, as recent knowledge demonstrates a strong connection between diet, food components, and CKD management, and also taking into account that gut microbiota are very sensitive to these biological factors and environmental pollutants, nutraceuticals, mainly present in foods typical of the Mediterranean diet, can be considered a safe therapeutic strategy in Cd-induced kidney damage and, accordingly, could help in the prevention and treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Ryan Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Bellone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - José Freni
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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8
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Dong A, Dong H, He H, Dong A, Yan J, Huo J. Effects of Cadmium on Kidney Function of the Freshwater Turtles Mauremys reevesii. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:3000-3005. [PMID: 35986187 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03397-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This research studied the effects of cadmium on kidney function of the freshwater turtles Mauremys reevesii. Turtles were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 7.5, 15, and 30 mg kg-1 cadmium separately for once. The samples were gathered to check the kidney index, the contents of TP in kidney tissue, and the levels of CRE and BUN in the plasma of the turtles. Results showed that the concentration of TP was overall decreased with the extension of cadmium exposure time and the increasing of the exposure dose of cadmium. The CRE content in the plasma of each treatment group increased with the prolongation of exposure time in a dose-dependent, and the BUN levels of all poisoned groups showed a trend of increasing. The kidney index of treated turtles increased. In summary, cadmium could induce the increase of turtle kidney index, the content of CRE and BUN in plasma, and the decrease of TP content in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huidong Dong
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ailing Dong
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Qianan, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Juanjuan Yan
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Junfeng Huo
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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Jardim T, Domingues MRM, Alves E. An overview on lipids in nuts and oily fruits: oil content, lipid composition, health effects, lipidomic fingerprinting and new biotechnological applications of their by-products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-29. [PMID: 37178132 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2208666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree nuts and oily fruits are used as a diet complement and are highly consumed worldwide. The production and consumption of these foods have been increasing, and an enormous global market value is forecasted for 2023. Besides their high nutritional value and lipid content, they provide health benefits to fat metabolism, heart, skin, and brain. The industrial by-products of these oily foods represent promising raw materials for many industries. However, the lipidomic analysis of nuts and oily fruits is still in its early stages. State-of-the-art analytical approaches for the lipid profiling and fingerprinting of nuts and oily fruits have been developed using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry for the accurate identification and structural characterization at the molecular species level. It is expected to bring a new understanding of these everyday foods' nutritional and functional value. This review comprises the oil content and lipid composition of various nuts and oily fruits, particularly those mostly consumed worldwide and having recognized beneficial health effects, biological activities associated with the lipids from different oily foodstuffs, analytical methodologies to analyze lipids in nuts and oily fruits, and the potential biotechnological applications of their industrial by-products for a lipid-based commercial valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Jardim
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário M Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eliana Alves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Piagette JT, Pinheiro Júnior JEG, Kanaan SHH, Herrera CT, Bastilhos LO, Peçanha FM, Vassallo DV, Miguel-Castro M, Wiggers GA. Pretreatment with egg white hydrolysate protects resistance arteries from damage induced after treatment with accidental cadmium exposure values. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
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11
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Hafez HM, Waz S, El-Tahawy NFG, Mohamed MZ. Agomelatine ameliorates cadmium-induced toxicity through the modification of HMGB-1/TLR-4/NFκB pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 457:116313. [PMID: 36356678 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has potential hazards on human beings. Consequently, this study was performed to explore the protective effects of agomelatine (AGO), a melatonin receptor agonist, against Cd-induced toxicity in rats. AGO (40 mg/kg/day) was administered orally concomitant with intra peritoneal injection of Cd (0.4 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Then, blood, biochemical parameters and histological examination of affected organs including, heart and testis, were evaluated. Interestingly, AGO significantly counteracted Cd-induced elevation of serum cardiac enzymes. Similarly, AGO significantly improved the deterioration of serum testosterone level with Cd administration. The oxidative balance was corrected by AGO, as evidenced by decrease malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase activity in cardiac and testicular tissues. Additionally, AGO increased silent information regulator 1 protein (SIRT-1) and decreased High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and Myd88 levels that subsequently reduced expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Moreover, level of apoptotic marker; caspase-3 was inhibited by AGO. In accordance with the biochemical and molecular results, AGO restored structure of cardiac myofibers and seminiferous tubules. Collectively, AGO mitigated cardiac and testicular toxicity of Cd via modulation of SIRT-1/HMGB1 and its downstream pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Waz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | | | - Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
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12
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang Q, Xie J. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of swertisin from sour Jujube seed and comprehensive revelation of its antioxidant activity. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14433. [PMID: 36198041 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
As a typical flavonoid glycoside, swertisin mainly exists in sour Jujube seed. In this study, swertisin was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction method optimized with Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. The antioxidant effect of swertisin was determined in vitro and in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of its antioxidant stress were comprehensively evaluated and explored with network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The results showed obvious scavenging ability of swertisin on free radical and swertisin (50, 250, and 500 μmol/L) significantly enhanced antioxidative enzymes activity (GST-4, SOD-3, and GSH-PX ) and reduced the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulation in C. elegans, thereby protecting them from oxidative stress (heat stress and hydrogen peroxide). A total of 139 antioxidant targets of swertisin were screened and 70 signal pathways were enriched, including cancer-related pathways, lipid metabolism, liver injury-related pathways, acute lung injury, nervous system diseases, etc. This study provides the basis for further investigation on the antioxidant stress mechanism and contributes to the development of relevant drugs from natural products. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The imbalance between the antioxidant defense system and reactive oxygen species is one of the main causes of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and aging. Therefore, alleviating oxidative stress injury has become a common strategy, which is helpful for the multi-target treatment of related diseases. The flavonoid of sour Jujube seed possesses potential antioxidant activity with multiple food health effects. From this study results, we optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction method for extracting the swertisin from sour Jujube seed and supported the use of C. elegans as an in vivo experimental model. We can recommend that the swertisin as a natural ingredient has a positive effect on antioxidation, which provided a scientific basis for treating related diseases through relevant pharmacological mechanisms and making antiaging functional food formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Junbo Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Mechanism of Yangxin Tongmai Decoction in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4692217. [PMID: 36212940 PMCID: PMC9546682 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4692217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Yangxin Tongmai decoction (YXTMD) in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) with blood stasis syndrome (BSS) using network pharmacology and molecular docking, and to verify these results through clinical trials. The active compounds of YXTMD were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, and the targets of the active compounds were predicted using the SwissTarget Prediction database. The targets of CHD and BSS were predicted using the GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGKB, TTD, and DrugBank databases. The common targets of “herb-disease-phenotype” were obtained using a Venn diagram, then used Cytoscape software 3.8.2 and its plug-in CytoNCA and STRING database to construct the “herb active compounds-common target” and protein–protein interaction networks. R language software and bioconductor plug-in were used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. AutoDock was used for the molecular docking analysis. Finally, clinical trials were conducted to confirm the results of network pharmacology. Eighty-three active components were obtained, and the core active components were 5,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone, tetramethoxyluteolin, isosinensetin, sinensetin, and 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one. A total of 140 common targets were identified, and the core targets were EGFR, VEGFA, AKT1, STAT3, TP53, ERBB2, and PIK3CA. Biological processes identified by the GO analysis primarily involved wound healing, regulation of body fluid levels, and vascular process in circulatory system. The cellular components were primarily located in the membrane raft, membrane microdomain, and plasma membrane raft. The primary molecular functions were activity of transmembrane receptor protein kinase, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase, and protein tyrosine kinase. KEGG analysis showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was closely related to the treatment of CHD with BSS by YXTMD. Molecular docking results showed that the core active components had a good binding activity with the core targets. The clinical trial results showed that YXTMD improved the BSS scores and decreased the serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Moreover, the levels of PI3k and AKt mRNA were upregulated and the levels of GSK-3β mRNA were downregulated. YXTMD has multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway effects in the treatment of CHD with BSS, and its mechanism of action may involve activation of the PI3K-AKt signaling pathway, downregulation of GSK-3β, and mediation of in vivo lipid metabolism-based metabolic processes.
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He T, Ao J, Duan C, Yan R, Li X, Liu L, Zhang J, Li X. Bibliometric and visual analysis of nephrotoxicity research worldwide. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940791. [PMID: 36188597 PMCID: PMC9515790 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity of drugs contributes to acute kidney injury with high mortality and morbidity, which crucially limits the application and development of drugs. Although many publications on nephrotoxicity have been conducted globally, there needs to be a scientometric study to systematically analyze the intellectual landscape and frontiers research trends in the future. Methods: Publications on nephrotoxicity from 2011 to 2021 were collected to perform bibliometric visualization using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica software based on the Web of Science Core Collection. Results: A total of 9,342 documents were analyzed, which were primarily published in the United States (1,861), China (1,724), and Egypt (701). For institutions, King Saud University (166) had the most publications; Food and Chemical Toxicology, PLOS One, and Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy were productive journals, primarily concentrating on the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity and renoprotective in cisplatin and antibiotics, especially in oxidative stress. Burst detection suggested that cisplatin, piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity, antioxidants, and new biomaterials are frontiers of research. Conclusion: This study first provides an updated perspective on nephrotoxicity and renoprotective strategies and mechanisms. This perspective may benefit researchers in choosing suitable journals and collaborators and assisting them in the deep understanding of the nephrotoxicity and renoprotective hotspots and frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingwen Ao
- School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology Ministry Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cancan Duan
- School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology Ministry Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rong Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Liu Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology Ministry Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianyong Zhang, ; Xiaofei Li,
| | - Xiaofei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianyong Zhang, ; Xiaofei Li,
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15
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Alshehri AS, El-Kott AF, El-Kenawy AE, Zaki MSA, Morsy K, Ghanem RA, Salem ET, Ebealy ER, Khalifa HS, Altyar AE, AlGwaiz HIM, Ibrahim EH, Mahmoud MS, Dallak MA, Abd-Ella EM. The ameliorative effect of kaempferol against CdCl 2- mediated renal damage entails activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-kB. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57591-57602. [PMID: 35355181 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the nephroprotective effect of kaempferol against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) -induced nephropathy in rats. It also investigated if activation of Nrf2 is a common mechanism of action. Adult male rats ((150 ± 15 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 8/each) as a control (1% DMSO, orally), control + kaempferol (200 mg/kg, orally), CdCl2 (50 mg/l in drinking water), and CdCl2 + kaempferol (200 mg/kg)-treated rats. All treatments were conducted for 8 weeks. Kaempferol significantly attenuated CdCl2-induced weight loss, reduction in kidney weights, and the injury in the glomeruli, proximal tubules, and distal tubules in the treated rats. It also significantly lowered serum levels of urea and creatinine, increased urine output and urinary creatinine levels and clearance but reduced urinary levels of albumin urinary albumin exertion (UAER), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) in these rats. In parallel, kaempferol downregulated renal levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and unregulated those of Bcl2. In the kidney tissues of the control animals and CdCl2 rats, kaempferol significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and significantly boosted levels of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione. Also, and in both groups, kaempferol suppressed the nuclear levels of NF-κB p65, downregulated Keap1, and stimulated the nuclear activation and protein levels of Nrf2. In conclusion, kaempferol is a potential therapeutic drug to prevent CdCl2-induced nephropathy due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects mediated by suppressing NF- NF-κB p65 and transactivating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Ayman E El-Kenawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Samir A Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 31527, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham A Ghanem
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Eman T Salem
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Eman R Ebealy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba S Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11474, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, 12611, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Dallak
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman M Abd-Ella
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Art, Al-Baha University, Al-Mandaq, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Effects of Amino Acids Supplementation on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153050. [PMID: 35893906 PMCID: PMC9332103 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes are representing symptoms of metabolic syndrome, which is often accompanied with hepatic fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Since liver is the major site of glucose and lipid metabolism, this study aimed to understand the effects of SCAAs and BCAAs supplementations on glucose and lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. These cells were pretreated with SAMe, betaine, taurine, and BCAA for 24 h, followed by treatments of a high concentration of glucose (50 mM) or palmitic acid (PA, 0.5 mM) for 48 h to simulate high-glucose and high-fat environments. Pretreatment of BCAA and SCAAs inhibited the fat accumulation. At the transcriptional level, glucose and PA treatment led to significant increase of mRNA gluconeogenic enzyme. The mRNA expression level of GLUT2 was decreased by 20% in the SAMe-treated group and inhibited glucose synthesis by reducing the level of gluconeogenic enzyme. After SAMe or BCAA pretreatment, the mRNA expression of lipogenic enzymes was decreased. The PPAR-γ expression was increased after BCAA pretreatment, but SAMe not only downregulated the expression of PPAR-γ, but also inhibited the expression of ChREBP approximately 20% and SREBP-1c decreased by about 15%. Taken together, the effect of SAMe on glucose and lipid metabolism is significant especially on inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis under the metabolic syndrome environment.
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17
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The Role of Betaine in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: a Narrative Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:395-406. [PMID: 35792998 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review aimed to explore the functions of betaine and discuss its role in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). RECENT FINDINGS Some studies on CKD animal models have shown the benefits of betaine supplementation, including decreased kidney damage, antioxidant recovery status, and decreased inflammation. Betaine (N-trimethylglycine) is an N-trimethylated amino acid with an essential regulatory osmotic function. Moreover, it is a methyl donor and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, betaine has positive effects on intestinal health by regulating the osmolality and gut microbiota. Due to these crucial functions, betaine has been studied in several diseases, including CKD, in which betaine plasma levels decline with the progression of the disease. Low betaine levels are linked to increased kidney damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal dysbiosis. Furthermore, betaine is considered an essential metabolite for identifying CKD stages.
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Goutam Mukherjee A, Ramesh Wanjari U, Renu K, Vellingiri B, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Heavy metal and metalloid - induced reproductive toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 92:103859. [PMID: 35358731 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and metalloid exposure are among the most common factors responsible for reproductive toxicity in human beings. Several studies have indicated that numerous metals and metalloids can display severe adverse properties on the human reproductive system. Metals like lead, silver, cadmium, uranium, vanadium, and mercury and metalloids like arsenic have been known to induce reproductive toxicity. Moderate to minute quantities of lead may affect several reproductive parameters and even affect semen quality. The ecological and industrial exposures to the various heavy metals and metalloids have disastrous effects on the reproductive system ensuing in infertility. This work emphasizes the mechanism and pathophysiology of the aforementioned heavy metals and metalloids in reproductive toxicity. Additionally, this work aims to cover the classical protective mechanisms of zinc, melatonin, chelation therapy, and other trending methods to prevent heavy metal-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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19
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Li YQ, Chen CM, Liu N, Wang L. Cadmium-induced ultrastructural changes and apoptosis in the gill of freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23338-23351. [PMID: 34811609 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the acute toxicity of cadmium (Cd) to the freshwater mussel Anodonta woodiana. The freshwater mussels were exposed to five concentrations of Cd (0 mg/L, 8.43 mg/L, 16.86 mg/L, 33.72 mg/L, and 67.45 mg/L) for up to 96 h. The 24-h, 48-h, 72-h, and 96-h LC50 values for Cd were estimated as 562.3 mg/L, 331.1 mg/L, 182.0 mg/L, and 134.9 mg/L, respectively. Caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Ca-ATPase activities; protein and H2O2 levels; DNA fragmentation; and ultrastructure of the gill were also investigated. The activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in mussels were increased by Cd in a dose-dependent manner, where higher doses of Cd (33.72 mg/L and 67.45 mg/L) significantly increased the enzyme activities compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The caspase-8 activity was significantly depressed by a low dose of Cd (8.43 mg/L) but was clearly induced by higher doses of Cd (16.86 mg/L, 33.72 mg/L, and 67.45 mg/L) (P < 0.05). The Ca-ATPase activity and H2O2 levels were elevated and reached maximum values under the medium dose of Cd (16.86 mg/L). However, protein levels were decreased by Cd in an inverse dose-dependent manner. In the gills of the mussels, Cd treatment induced DNA fragmentation as demonstrated by DNA ladders observed via agarose gel electrophoresis. Moreover, ultrastructural alterations in gill cells of mussels treated with Cd (16.86 mg/L and 67.45 mg/L) for 96 h were observed by electronic microscopy. The ultrastructure abnormalities were characterized by the following features: (1) a disordered arrangement and breaking off of microvilli of epithelial cells; (2) chromatin condensed near the nuclear membrane and the appearances of extremely irregular nuclei, some with a fingerlike shape and an unclear, swollen, invaginated, or ruptured nuclear membrane and apoptotic bodies; (3) swollen and vacuolating mitochondria, some with disintegrated or missing cristae; (4) a disintegrated rough endoplasmic reticulum containing different sizes of vesicles; and (5) shrinking and deformation of Golgi bodies with decreased vesicle numbers. Our results demonstrated that Cd could activate caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Ca-ATPase; cause ultrastructural changes; and produce DNA fragmentation in the mussels investigated. Based on the information obtained through this study, it is reasonable to conclude that Cd can induce apoptosis in the gills of the mussels, eventually leading to tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Quan Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chien M Chen
- Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Na Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China.
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20
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Liu W, Gong Z, Zhang K, Dong W, Zou H, Song R, Bian J, Zhu J, Liu G, Liu Z. Paeonol protects renal tubular cells against cadmium-induced cytotoxicity via alleviating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory responses and restoring autophagy. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 230:111733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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The mature fruit of Lycium chinense Miller attenuates cisplatin-induced renal damage in mice via regulation of oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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22
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Rosas-Rodríguez JA, Valenzuela-Soto EM. The glycine betaine role in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal diseases: Insights into disease and dysfunction networks. Life Sci 2021; 285:119943. [PMID: 34516992 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycine betaine (N, N, N-trimethyl amine) is an osmolyte accumulated in cells that is key for cell volume and turgor regulation, is the principal methyl donor in the methionine cycle and is a DNA and proteins stabilizer. In humans, glycine betaine is synthesized from choline and can be obtained from some foods. Glycine betaine (GB) roles are illustrated in chemical, metabolic, agriculture, and clinical medical studies due to its chemical and physiological properties. Several studies have extensively described GB role and accumulation related to specific pathologies, focusing mainly on analyzing its positive and negative role in these pathologies. However, it is necessary to explain the relationship between glycine betaine and different pathologies concerning its role as an antioxidant, ability to methylate DNA, interact with transcription factors and cell receptors, and participate in the control of homocysteine concentration in liver, kidney and brain. This review summarizes the most important findings and integrates GB role in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal diseases. Furthermore, we discuss GB impact on other dysfunctions as inflammation, oxidative stress, and glucose metabolism, to understand their cross-talks and provide reliable data to establish a base for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús A Rosas-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Unidad Regional Sur, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Elisa M Valenzuela-Soto
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico.
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23
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Omidali M, Korani M. Study the effect of crocin on the expression of PAX2 and WT1 genes in renal tissues and serum levels of NGAL and cystatin C in cadmium-treated rats. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Moreira LDSG, Fanton S, Cardozo L, Borges NA, Combet E, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P, Mafra D. Pink pressure: beetroot (Beta vulgaris rubra) as a possible novel medical therapy for chronic kidney disease. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1041-1061. [PMID: 34613396 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) manifests with systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis, resulting in metabolic disorders and elevated rates of cardiovascular disease-associated death. These all correlate with a high economic cost to healthcare systems. Growing evidence indicates that diet is an indispensable ally in the prevention and management of CKD and its complications. In this context, the root vegetable beetroot (Beta vulgaris rubra) deserves special attention because it is a source of several bioactive compounds, such as nitrate, betaine, and betalain, and has shown beneficial effects in CKD, including reduction of blood pressure, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant actions by scavenging radical oxidative species, as observed in preclinical studies. Beetroot consumption as a possible therapeutic strategy to improve the clinical treatment of patients with CKD and future directions for clinical studies are addressed in this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís de Souza Gouveia Moreira
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susane Fanton
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ludmila Cardozo
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia A Borges
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilie Combet
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denise Mafra
- L.d.S.G. Moreira and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janiero, Brazil. S. Fanton, L. Cardozo, and D. Mafra are with the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói-Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. N.A. Borges is with the Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E. Combet is with the School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P.G. Shiels is with the Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. P. Stenvinkel is with the Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Xing C, Li J, Lam SM, Yuan H, Shui G, Yang J. The role of glutathione-mediated triacylglycerol synthesis in the response to ultra-high cadmium stress in Auxenochlorella protothecoides. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 108:58-69. [PMID: 34465437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under ultra-high cadmium (Cd) stress, large amounts of glutathione are produced in Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341, and the lipid content increases significantly. Glutathione is the best reductant that can effectively remove Cd, but the relationship between lipid accumulation and the cellular response to Cd stress has not been ascertained. Integrating analyses of the transcriptomes and lipidomes, the mechanism of lipid accumulation to Cd tolerance were studied from the perspectives of metabolism, transcriptional regulation and protein glutathionylation. Under Cd stress, basic metabolic pathways, such as purine metabolism, translation and pre-mRNA splicing process, were inhibited, while the lipid accumulation pathway was significantly activated. Further analysis revealed that the transcription factors (TFs) and genes related to lipid accumulation were also activated. Analysis of the TF interaction sites showed that ABI5, MYB_rel and NF-YB could further regulate the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase through glutathionylation/deglutathionylation, which led to increase of the triacylglycerol (TAG) content. Lipidomes analysis showed that TAG could help maintain lipid homeostasis by adjusting its saturation/unsaturation levels. This study for the first time indicated that glutathione could activate TAG synthesis in microalga A. protothecoides, leading to TAG accumulation and glutathione accumulation under Cd stress. Therefore, the accumulation of TAG and glutathione can confer resistance to high Cd stress. This study provided insights into a new operation mode of TAG accumulation under heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Lipidall Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou 213022, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Chen T, Tao N, Yang S, Cao D, Zhao X, Wang D, Liu J. Association Between Dietary Intake of One-Carbon Metabolism-Related Nutrients and Fluorosis in Guizhou, China. Front Nutr 2021; 8:700726. [PMID: 34651006 PMCID: PMC8505735 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.700726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary one-carbon metabolism-related nutrients (betaine, choline, methionine, folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12) and fluorosis among the Chinese population in an area known for coal-burning fluorosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, with 653 fluorosis patients and 241 non-fluorosis participants. Dietary intake was acquired using a validated semi-quantitative 75-item food frequency questionnaire. The risk associations were assessed by unconditional logistical regression. Results: We observed a significant inverse association between dietary betaine, total choline, methionine, folate, vitamin B6, and choline species and fluorosis. The adjusted OR (95% CI) in the highest quartile of consumption compared with the lowest were 0.59 (0.37-0.94) (P-trend = 0.010) for betaine intake, 0.45 (0.28-0.73) (P-trend = 0.001) for total choline intake, 0.45 (0.28-0.72) (P-trend < 0.001) for methionine intake, 0.39 (0.24-0.63) (P-trend < 0.001) for folate intake, 0.38 (0.24-0.62) (P-trend < 0.001) for vitamin B6 intake, and 0.46 (0.28-0.75) (P-trend = 0.001) for total choline plus betaine intake. Dietary intakes of choline-containing compounds, phosphatidylcholine, free choline, glycerophosphocholine, and phosphocholine were also inversely associated with lower fluorosis (all P-trend < 0.05). No significant associations were observed between dietary vitamin B12 or sphingomyelin and fluorosis. Conclusion: The present study suggested that the higher dietary intakes of specific one-carbon metabolism-related nutrients, such as betaine, choline, methionine, folate, and vitamin B6, are associated with lower fluorosis prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Na Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Surveillance in Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Renhuai City, Renhuai, China
| | - Dafang Cao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xun Zhao
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Center for Diseases Control and Prevention of Zhijin County, Zhijin, China
| | - Donghong Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Sharma S, Kaur T, Sharma AK, Singh B, Pathak D, Yadav HN, Singh AP. Betaine attenuates sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2488-2495. [PMID: 34380335 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1959699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to higher levels of arsenic is a serious threat affecting human health worldwide. We investigated the protective role of betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) against sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction in rats. Sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg, oral) was given to rats for 4 weeks to induce nephrotoxicity. Betaine (125 and 250 mg/kg, oral) was administered in rats for 4 weeks along with sodium-arsenite feeding. Arsenic-induced renal dysfunction was demonstrated by measuring serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea, uric acid, potassium, fractional excretion of sodium, and microproteinuria. Oxidative stress in rat kidneys was determined by assaying thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, hydroxyproline assay was done to assess renal fibrosis in arsenic intoxicated rats. Hematoxylin-eosin and picrosirius red staining revealed pathological alterations in rat kidneys. Renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was determined by immuno-histochemistry. Concurrent administration of betaine abrogated arsenic-induced renal biochemical and histological changes in rats. Betaine treatment significantly attenuated arsenic-induced decrease in renal eNOS expression. In conclusion, betaine is protective against sodium arsenite-induced renal dysfunction, which may be attributed to its anti-oxidant activity and modulation of renal eNOS expression in rat kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Tajpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Devendra Pathak
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Hussein RM, Al-Dalain SM. Betaine downregulates microRNA 34a expression via a p53-dependent manner in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22856. [PMID: 34318554 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity limits its wide application as a chemotherapeutic drug. Betaine is a natural trimethylglycine compound involved in several biological reactions. In this study, the protective effect of betaine against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through modulating the expression of microRNA 34a (miRNA 34a), p53, apoptosis, and inflammation was investigated. Adult Wistar rats were divided into normal group (received vehicle); betaine group (received 250 mg betaine/kg BW/day via oral gavage from Day 1 to Day 25); cisplatin group (received a single intraperitoneal dose of cisplatin at 5 mg/kg BW on Day 21) and betaine + cisplatin group (received the same doses of betaine and cisplatin). The results demonstrated that the cisplatin group exhibited severe kidney tissue damage and an increase in blood creatinine and urea levels. Furthermore, the cisplatin group showed a significant upregulation of miRNA 34a and higher levels of phospho-p53, caspase 3, cytochrome c, NFk B, and IL-1β compared to the normal group. Remarkably, the betaine + cisplatin group showed significantly decreased blood creatinine and urea concentrations, decreased levels of miRNA 34a, phospho-p53, caspase 3, cytochrome c, NFk B, and IL-1β as well as improved kidney tissue integrity compared to the cisplatin group. In conclusion, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats was associated with upregulation of miRNA 34a expression, apoptosis, and inflammation in p53-dependent manner. These effects were reversed by betaine administration that ultimately improved the kidney function and tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Saed M Al-Dalain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
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Arumugam MK, Paal MC, Donohue TM, Ganesan M, Osna NA, Kharbanda KK. Beneficial Effects of Betaine: A Comprehensive Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:456. [PMID: 34067313 PMCID: PMC8224793 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal herbs and many food ingredients possess favorable biological properties that contribute to their therapeutic activities. One such natural product is betaine, a stable, nontoxic natural substance that is present in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Betaine is also endogenously synthesized through the metabolism of choline or exogenously consumed through dietary intake. Betaine mainly functions as (i) an osmolyte and (ii) a methyl-group donor. This review describes the major physiological effects of betaine in whole-body health and its ability to protect against both liver- as well as non-liver-related diseases and conditions. Betaine's role in preventing/attenuating both alcohol-induced and metabolic-associated liver diseases has been well studied and is extensively reviewed here. Several studies show that betaine protects against the development of alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis, apoptosis, and accumulation of damaged proteins. Additionally, it can significantly prevent/attenuate progressive liver injury by preserving gut integrity and adipose function. The protective effects are primarily associated with the regulation of methionine metabolism through removing homocysteine and maintaining cellular SAM:SAH ratios. Similarly, betaine prevents metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and its progression. In addition, betaine has a neuroprotective role, preserves myocardial function, and prevents pancreatic steatosis. Betaine also attenuates oxidant stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and cancer development. To conclude, betaine exerts significant therapeutic and biological effects that are potentially beneficial for alleviating a diverse number of human diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Matthew C. Paal
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (MK.A.); (M.C.P.); (T.M.D.J.); (M.G.); (N.A.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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30
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Betaine alleviates cholestasis-associated renal injury by mitigating oxidative stress and enhancing mitochondrial function. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Wang Y, Chen H, Chang W, Chen R, Xu S, Tao D. Protective effects of selenium yeast against cadmium-induced necroptosis via inhibition of oxidative stress and MAPK pathway in chicken liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111329. [PMID: 32979722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effects of selenium yeast (SeY) against necroptosis triggered by Cd via inhibition of oxidative stress and MAPK pathway in the liver of chicken. Two hundred 120-day-old layers were randomly divided into four groups and raised for 120 days. The histopathological examination showed that necrosis characteristics were observed in Cd-exposed chicken livers. The exposure of Cd significantly reduced the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT while improving MDA level in both serum and liver of chickens (P < 0.05), and induced oxidative stress. The MLKL, Rip1, RIP3, ERK, JNK and P38 mRNA expression of Cd group were significantly higher than other three groups (P < 0.01), and those in the Se + Cd group were significantly higher than control group and Se group (P < 0.01). However, the mRNA expression level of caspase8 of Cd was significantly lower than other three groups (P < 0.01), and that in the Se + Cd group was significantly higher than control group and Se group (P < 0.01), so the supplement of SeY could improve these situations. Similar results were also detected at the protein level. The results of the present study indicated that Cd could induce oxidative stress, activate MAPK pathway and evoke necroptosis damage in chicken livers, whereas SeY had protective effects in preventing this kind of Cd-induced injury by inhibition of oxidative stress and down-regulation MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China
| | - Weihua Chang
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China
| | - Rong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China.
| | - Dayong Tao
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 843300, China.
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Wei Z, Nie G, Yang F, Pi S, Wang C, Cao H, Guo X, Liu P, Li G, Hu G, Zhang C. Inhibition of ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis attenuates cadmium-induced apoptosis in duck renal tubular epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 273:115919. [PMID: 33497945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an occupational and environmental pollutant, which mainly causes nephrotoxicity by damaging renal proximal tubular cells. To evaluate the effects of Cd on pyroptosis and the relationship between pyroptosis and apoptosis in duck renal tubular epithelial cells, the cells were cultured with 3CdSO4·8H2O (0, 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 μM Cd), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (100.0 μM), Z-YVAD-FMK (10.0 μM) or the combination of Cd and NAC or Z-YVAD-FMK for 12 h, and then cytotoxicity was assessed. The results evidenced that Cd significantly increased the releases of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide (NO), relative conductivity and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Simultaneously, Cd also markedly upregulated NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, NEK7, IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA levels and NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, GSDMD and ASC protein levels. Additionally, NAC notably improved the changes of above indicators induced by Cd. Combined treatment with Cd and Z-YVAD-FMK remarkably elevated Bcl-2 mRNA and protein levels, inhibited p53, Bax, Bak-1, Cyt C, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 mRNA levels and p53, Bax, Bak-1, Caspase-9/cleaved Caspase-9 and Caspase-3/cleaved Caspase-3 protein levels, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), decreased apoptosis ratio and cell damage compared to treatment with Cd alone. Taken together, Cd exposure induces duck renal tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis through ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, and inhibiting Caspase-1 dependent pyroptosis attenuates Cd-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejing Wei
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Gaohui Nie
- School of Information Technology, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, No. 665 Yuping West Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330032, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shaoxing Pi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chang Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guyue Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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Qian Y, Zhang Y, Zuh AA, Qiao W. New application of rutin: Repair the toxicity of emerging perfluoroalkyl substance to Pseudomonas stutzeri. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110879. [PMID: 32559694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are toxic to microorganisms, thereby affecting microbial communities in sludge and soil, but how to repair the toxicity of microorganisms remains unclear. In this study, rutin, an antioxidant, was added into a culture medium with an aerobic denitrification bacteria, Pseudomonas stutzeri, under the exposure of sodium perfluorononyloxy-benzenesulfonate (OBS) to evaluate the repair mechanisms of rutin to the toxicity of OBS to the bacteria. The results showed that rutin could repair the damage of OBS to cell structures, and reduce the death rates of the bacteria under OBS exposure. The dosage of rutin reduced the effect on the inhibition of denitrification ability of P. stutzeri under OBS exposure. Compared with the bacteria exposed to single OBS, the dosage of rutin resulted in that the death rates recovered from 96.2% to 66.4%, the growth inhibition rate decreased from 46.5% to 15.8%, the total nitrogen removal rate recovered from 66.9% to 100%, and the NO2- content recovered from 34.5 mg/L to 0.22 mg/L. The expressions of key denitrification genes (napA, nirS, norB, nosZ) were recovered after adding rutin under OBS exposure. Rutin changed the positive rate of reactive oxygen species, the relative superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the bacteria which exposed to OBS. The mechanism by which rutin repaired the toxicity of OBS to P. stutzeri related to inhibiting the activities of antioxidant and denitrification enzymes rather than affecting the expressions of genes involved in these enzymes. This study sheds light on the repair method of micro-organics and reveals the repair mechanisms under PFASs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yunhao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Achuo Anitta Zuh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Weichuan Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Ommati MM, Farshad O, Mousavi K, Jamshidzadeh A, Azmoon M, Heidari S, Azarpira N, Niknahad H, Heidari R. Betaine supplementation mitigates intestinal damage and decreases serum bacterial endotoxin in cirrhotic rats. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Elsheikh NAH, Omer NA, Yi-Ru W, Mei-Qian K, Ilyas A, Abdurahim Y, Wang GL. Protective effect of betaine against lead-induced testicular toxicity in male mice. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13600. [PMID: 32364254 DOI: 10.1111/and.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is an environmental toxicant reported to impair male reproductive system. Betaine is a natural product which has promising beneficial effects against oxidative stress. In this experimental study, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of betaine on sperm quality and oxidative stress induced by lead (Pb) in the testis of adult male mice. Sixty male Kunming mice were divided equally into four groups: control group, betaine group (1% in drinking water), lead group (100 mg kg-1 bw-1 day-1 ) and betaine + lead group. In the last group, mice were supplemented with betaine for two weeks prior to the initiation of lead treatment and concurrently during lead treatment for 3 weeks until sacrificed. Our results indicated that in the lead-administrated group, body weights together with sperm count were significantly decreased (p < .05). The numbers of abnormal sperms were found to be higher in lead-treated mice. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (Cat) were significantly reduced, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased in the testis tissue following lead treatment. The mRNA levels of antioxidant-related genes (SOD1, GPX1 and CAT) were significantly decreased in the lead group. Betaine enhanced these parameters in betaine + lead group. In testis histology span, Johnson score was decreased (p < .05) in lead group and co-treatment with betaine increased Johnson score significantly in betaine + lead group. These results indicate that betaine improves sperm quality and ameliorate oxidative damage in testis of mice exposed to lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Abdalla Hassan Elsheikh
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,University of Nyala, Nyala, Sudan
| | | | - Wang Yi-Ru
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuang Mei-Qian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ali Ilyas
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Gen-Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Oleuropein-Rich Extract from Olive Leaves against Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4398924. [PMID: 32337247 PMCID: PMC7160715 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4398924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful pollutant which mainly affects the liver and kidney. In this work, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of olive leaf extract based on oleuropein against hepatic cadmium toxicity in mice. Three groups of animals were used: the first one served as the control (C); the second one received intraperitoneal injection of cadmium 2 mg/kg b.w. (CD), administered five times during two weeks; and the third group received the same doses of Cd and simultaneously 16 mg/kg b.w. of oleuropein. Results showed that Cd induced a significant increase in liver injury biomarkers coupled with enhanced lipid peroxidation (MDA) and significant depletion of antioxidants (CAT and SOD). Histological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed these findings. In fact, we observed a severe central lobular apoptosis and inflammation around central veins. Cotreatment with oleuropein significantly reduced the oxidative damage induced by cadmium. Our findings suggest that oleuropein could be used in the prevention of Cd hepatotoxicity.
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Riaz MA, Nisa ZU, Anjum MS, Butt H, Mehmood A, Riaz A, Akhtar ABT. Assessment of metals induced histopathological and gene expression changes in different organs of non-diabetic and diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5897. [PMID: 32246071 PMCID: PMC7125094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder and different environmental toxicants including heavy metals have been involved in diabetes induction. Therefore, assessment of the environmental risk factors and heavy metals induced toxicity have become critical for reducing the consequences of metals pollutants. Previously, we reported heavy metals induced nephrotoxicity in non-diabetic and diabetic rats. Here, we extended our analysis by examining the heavy metals induced organs (heart, kidney, liver, pancreas, and spleen) damage in diabetic and non-diabetic Wistar rats using histopathology and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Following the generation of the diabetic rat model, the animals were exposed to heavy metals including lead (Pb), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn) and cadmium (Cd). Both non-diabetic and diabetic rats were exposed to heavy metals for 30 days and subsequently, the heart, kidney, liver, pancreas and spleen tissues were examined. Heavy metal treatment resulted in irregularly arranged myofibrils and vacuolization in the heart tissue of metal treated groups as evident from hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining. The kidney tissue of rats treated with heavy metals showed tubular degeneration, fibrosis, hemorrhage, and vacuolation. The liver of the heavy metals treated rats exhibited cellular degeneration and necrosis. The pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin injected untreated and metal treated rats revealed severe degeneration, necrosis, degranulation, shrinkage, and depression in the islets of Langerhans. Increased red pulp area and congestion were observed in the spleen of the metal mixture treated non-diabetic and diabetic rats. In line with the histological data, the qRT-PCR analysis showed downregulated expression of Bcl2 and upregulation of Caspase-3 in non-diabetic and diabetic metal treated rats as compared to the non-diabetic untreated rats. In conclusion, the present study revealed, diabetic rats are more prone to metal alone as well as metal mixture induced organ damage as compared to non-diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zaib Un Nisa
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Anjum
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Butt
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Mehmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Ke Y, Yu K, Zeng W, Lian G. Protective roles of Pyracantha fortuneana extract on acute renal toxicity induced by cadmium chloride in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900706. [PMID: 31531540 PMCID: PMC6746561 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190070000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the protective roles of pyracantha fortune fruit extract (PFE) on acute renal toxicity induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in rats. Methods: Rats were pretreated with PFE and consecutively injected with CdCl2 (6.5 mg/kg) for 5 days. Results: The concentration of Cd, kidney weight, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) production were remarkably increased in CdCl2 group as well as the levels of plasma uric acid, urea, and creatinine (P < 0.001). However, the body weight and glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione peroxidase (GR) levels were markedly reduced by CdCl2 treatment (P < 0.001). Histological manifestations of renal tissue showed severely adverse changes. Moreover, CdCl2 treatment significantly decreased the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression while increased the Bcl-2-Associated X Protein (Bax), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression (P < 0.001). Additionally, the expression of Nrf2/Keap 1 related proteins Keap-1 gained a significant increase (P < 0.001), whereas the Nrf2, HO-1, γ-GCS, GSH-Px and NQO1 expression decreased by CdCl2 treatment (P < 0.05). These rats were pretreated with PFE to improve the changes caused by CdCl2 treatment. Conclusion: PFE could protect the kidney against acute renal toxicity induced by CdCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Ke
- Graduate student, Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation and writing
| | - Kaihang Yu
- Graduate student, Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Technical procedures, acquisition of data
| | - Weiliang Zeng
- Graduate student, Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Statistical analysis, interpretation of data
| | - Guojun Lian
- Associate Professor, Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, technical procedures, manuscript preparation and writing, final approval
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Pallio G, Micali A, Benvenga S, Antonelli A, Marini HR, Puzzolo D, Macaione V, Trichilo V, Santoro G, Irrera N, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Minutoli L. Myo-inositol in the protection from cadmium-induced toxicity in mice kidney: An emerging nutraceutical challenge. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110675. [PMID: 31306689 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) induces functional and morphological changes in kidney. Therefore, the effects of a natural nutraceutical antioxidant, myo-inositol (MI), were evaluated in mice kidneys after Cd challenge. Twenty-eight C57 BL/6 J mice were divided into these groups: 0.9% NaCl; MI (360 mg/kg/day); CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day) plus vehicle; CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day) plus MI (360 mg/kg/day). After 14 days, kidneys were processed for structural, biochemical and morphometric evaluation. Treatment with CdCl2 increased urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum and augmented tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Furthermore, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) immunoreactivity, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells number were significantly higher than control and MI groups. Glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were reduced and structural changes were evident. The treatment with MI significantly lowered urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, TNF-α and iNOS expression, MCP-1, KIM-1 and MIOX immunoreactivity and TUNEL positive cells number, increased GSH content and GPx activity and preserved kidney morphology. A protection of MI against Cd-induced damages in mice kidney was demonstrated, suggesting a strong antioxidant role of this nutraceutical against environmental Cd harmful effects on kidney lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Herbert R Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Macaione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trichilo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
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Tan XF, Qin T, Li N, Yang YG, Zheng JH, Xie L, Chen MH. High-potassium preconditioning enhances tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through anti-apoptotic effects in male rats. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1253-1265. [PMID: 31240758 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Imbalances between cellular K+ efflux and influx are considered to be involved in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. High-potassium pretreatment alleviates this injury, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate whether high-potassium preconditioning enhances cerebral tolerance to I/R injury through an anti-apoptotic mechanism. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 40/group): a sham-operated group, normal saline group (3.2 ml/kg saline, intravenous (IV)), and low-dose and high-dose potassium chloride (KCl) groups (40 and 80 mg/kg KCl solution, IV, respectively). Subsequently, the rats underwent 90 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 hr of reperfusion (MCAO/R). Neurological deficit scores, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and TUNEL assay were used to assess neural injury. The expression of apoptotic proteins, brain potassium levels, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were detected to explore the potential mechanism. After 24 hr of reperfusion, in both KCl treatment groups, neurological deficits and the cerebral infarct volume were reduced, and the apoptosis index of neurons was decreased. Furthermore, high-potassium preconditioning increased brain K+ , adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cytochrome c oxidase (COX) levels, reduced malondialdehyde level, improved Na+ /K+ -ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase activities, upregulated anti-apoptotic protein expression, and downregulated pro-apoptotic protein expression. This study suggests that high-potassium preconditioning enhanced cerebral tolerance to I/R injury in a rat MCAO/R model. The protective mechanism may involve apoptosis inhibition via preservation of intracellular K+ and improvement of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Tan
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Qin
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nuo Li
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ye-Gui Yang
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jun-Hui Zheng
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lu Xie
- The Department of Physiology, School of Pre-Clinical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meng-Hua Chen
- The Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Li X, Wang L, Ma H. Betaine alleviates high glucose‑induced mesangial cell proliferation by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the AKT/ERK1/2/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1754-1760. [PMID: 31257485 PMCID: PMC6625408 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of chronic renal failure in diabetic patients worldwide. Betaine, a zwitterionic quaternary ammonium salt compound, is involved in numerous biological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine on mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) cultured under high glucose (HG) conditions and its underlying mechanisms. MMCs were treated with betaine under HG conditions. Cell proliferation and the cell cycle distribution were investigated with an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were applied to respectively determine protein and mRNA expression levels. The results suggested that betaine decreased cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, while G1‑phase arrest was significantly induced in MMCs. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of p21 and p27 decreased under HG conditions, but were reversed by betaine. Furthermore, the expression levels of fibronectin and type IV collagen were significantly decreased in cells treated with betaine compared with the HG group. Additionally, betaine decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, extracellular‑signal‑regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), but was enhanced under HG conditions. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that betaine serves a protective role in HG‑induced MMCs by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via regulating regulation of the Akt/Erk1/2/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin 300222, P.R. China
| | - Huining Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
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Dastan D, Karimi S, Larki-Harchegani A, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Protective effects of Allium hirtifolium Boiss extract on cadmium-induced renal failure in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18886-18892. [PMID: 31077048 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), as a toxic metal, can accumulate in kidneys and induce renal failure. This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of Allium hirtifolium Boiss bulbs against Cd-induced renal failure in rats. Thirty-six rats were divided into 6 groups: group 1, 2, and 3 received vehicle, Cd (100 mg/L/day by drinking water), and AhB extract (200 mg/kg/day; orally), respectively. Groups 4, 5, and 6 were Cd groups which treated AhB extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively). After 2 weeks, renal function and oxidative stress markers were determined by using colorimetric methods. Our findings showed that Cd caused a significant increase in creatinine (Cr; p<0.05), uric acid (p<0.01), BUN (p<0.05), serum levels, lipid peroxidation (LPO; p<0.01), and nitric oxide (NO; p<0.01); the depletion of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC; p<0.01) and total thiol molecules (TTM; p<0.001); and structural alterations in the renal tissue. Following AhB extract administration, a remarkable improvement was observed in the functional and oxidative stress markers of renal tissue.This study suggests that AhB may prevent progression of Cd-induced renal failure via improvement of oxidative/antioxidant balance in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Dastan
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Karimi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 8678-3-65178, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Larki-Harchegani
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 8678-3-65178, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 8678-3-65178, Hamadan, Iran.
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Alkharashi NAO, Periasamy VS, Athinarayanan J, Alshatwi AA. Sulforaphane alleviates cadmium-induced toxicity in human mesenchymal stem cells through POR and TNFSF10 genes expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108896. [PMID: 31035011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane is a dietary compound possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-aging properties. The role of sulforaphane in the context of cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity through the alteration of nuclear morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, and gene expression patterns, however, remains unclear. Thus, we assessed the protective role of sulforaphane against Cd-induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Cells were exposed to Cd and sulforaphane, either alone or in combination, for 48 h. The cell viability was assessed by adopting MTT assay. The nuclear morphology was investigated using Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining and Hoechst staining. The mitochondrial membrane potential loss and lysosomal staining were analyzed using JC-1 staining and LysoRed staining respectively. The gene expression was studied using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. After 48 h of exposure to Cd, the viability of hMSCs decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, a single treatment with the phytochemical sulforaphane did not cause any remarkable reduction in hMSC viability. Combined treatment with Cd and sulforaphane resulted in a marked recovery in cell viability compared to that observed in cells treated with Cd alone. Analysis of nuclear morphology indicated that Cd induced necrotic cell death, while combined Cd and sulforaphane treatment prevented nuclear morphology changes. Cd ions also significantly attenuate the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and alter gene expression in hMSCs; however, we observed that sulforaphane improves MMP under conditions of Cd-sulforaphane co-treatment of hMSCs. The gene expression results indicate that POR, TNFRSF1A and TNFSF10 genes expression are significantly upregulated by Cd-sulforaphane co-treatment than Cd or sulforaphane treatment alone. Our study results clearly indicate that sulforaphane can protect hMSCs against Cd-induced changes in nuclear morphology, attenuation of MMP, and alteration of gene expression patterns. Thus, intake of sulforaphane-enriched vegetables and fruits will be helpful to overcome Cd-induced toxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Abdulkareem Omer Alkharashi
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Home EconomicsPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vaiyapuri Subbarayan Periasamy
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jegan Athinarayanan
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Alshatwi
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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45
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Ghartavol MM, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Babaei G, Hossein Farjah G, Hassan Khadem Ansari M. The protective impact of betaine on the tissue structure and renal function in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rat. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00579. [PMID: 30811871 PMCID: PMC6465653 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction is one of the most common life threatening diseases that may lead to renal disorders via oxidative stress and inflammation. Betaine is a safe and well‐tolerated compound exhibiting beneficial antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Previous studies have demonstrated protective effects of betaine against myocardial infarction and renal injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of betaine on tissue structure and renal function after isoprenaline‐induced myocardial infarction in rats. Methods Fifty Wistar strain male albino rats, weighing 200 ± 10, were selected for the study. The animals were housed individually under standard environmental conditions (Light–dark cycle, temperature and constant humidity) for 1 week. After acclimatization, they were randomly divided into five groups. G1, G2, and G3 groups received betaine at doses of 50, 150, and 250 mg/kg body weight/day via gavage for a period of 60 days. After 60 days, isoprenaline is injected subcutaneously (200 mg/kg body weight). In the isoprenaline group (G4), the rats were injected with isoprenaline (200 mg/kg body weight) and the control group (G5) received a standard diet (Without isoprenaline). Then, isoproterenol solution was used for induction of myocardial infarction. At the end, the expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein was detected using immunohistochemical analysis and kidney tissues were assessed via histopathological analysis. In addition, serum level of TNF‐α and creatinine level were measured via ELISA test and colorimetric methods, respectively. Results The results of our study indicate that isoproterenol‐induced renal histopathological injury without changing creatinine level. Betaine has protective effects against renal injuries induced by isoprenaline and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein showed no significant difference in all groups. Further, betaine reduced TNF‐α level significantly. Conclusion According to our results, betaine has protective effects on isoprenaline‐induced renal failure via a decrease in TNF‐α level and nitric oxide synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Maram Ghartavol
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Ghader Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Grape skin extract mitigates tissue degeneration, genotoxicity, and oxidative status in multiple organs of rats exposed to cadmium. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 27:70-81. [PMID: 27472085 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether grape skin extract can mitigate the noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of rats. For this purpose, histopathological analysis for the liver, genotoxicity, and oxidative status in the blood and liver were investigated in this setting. A total of 20 Wistar rats weighing 250 g, on average, and 8 weeks of age were distributed into four groups (n=5) as follows: control group (nontreated group); cadmium group (Cd); and grape skin extract groups (Cd+GS) at 175 or 350 mg/l. Histopathological analysis in liver showed that animals treated with grape skin extract showed improved tissue degeneration induced by cadmium intoxication. Genetic damage was reduced in blood and hepatocytes as indicated by comet and micronucleus assays in animals treated with grape skin extract. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c gene expression increased in groups treated with grape skin extract in liver cells. Grape skin extract also reduced the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in liver cells compared with the cadmium group. Taken together, our results indicate that grape skin extract can mitigate tissue degeneration, genotoxicity, and oxidative stress induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
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Sema 3A as a biomarker of the activated mTOR pathway during hexavalent chromium-induced acute kidney injury. Toxicol Lett 2018; 299:226-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mitochondria protecting amino acids: Application against a wide range of mitochondria-linked complications. PHARMANUTRITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Famurewa AC, Ejezie AJ, Ugwu-Ejezie CS, Ikekpeazu EJ, Ejezie FE. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of polyphenols isolated from virgin coconut oil attenuate cadmium-induced oxidative stress-mediated nephrotoxicity and inflammation in rats. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Wan N, Xu Z, Liu T, Min Y, Li S. Ameliorative Effects of Selenium on Cadmium-Induced Injury in the Chicken Ovary: Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cadmium-Induced Apoptosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:463-473. [PMID: 29090375 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-established toxicity of cadmium (Cd) to animals and the ameliorative effects of selenium (Se), some specific mechanisms in the chicken ovary are not yet clarified. To explore the mechanism by which the toxicity effect of Cd is induced and explore the effect of supranutritional Se on Cd toxicity in female bird reproduction, forty-eight 50-day-old Isa Brown female chickens were divided randomly into four groups. Group I (control group) was fed the basic diet containing 0.2 mg/kg Se. Group II (Se-treated group) was fed the basic diet supplemented with sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), and the total Se content was 2 mg/kg. Group III (Se + Cd-treated group) was fed the basic diet supplemented with Na2SeO3; the total Se content was 2 mg/kg, and it was supplemented with 150 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Group IV (Cd-treated group) was with the basic diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg CdCl2. The Cd, estradiol (E2), and progestogen (P4) contents changed after subchronic Cd exposure in chicken ovarian tissue; subsequently, oxidative stress occurred and activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathway to induce apoptosis. Further, Se decreased the accumulation of Cd in ovarian tissue, increased the E2 and P4 contents, alleviated oxidative stress, and reduced apoptosis via the ER stress pathway. The present results demonstrated that Cd could induce apoptosis via the ER stress pathway in chicken ovarian tissue and that Se had a significant antagonistic effect. These results are potentially valuable for finding a strategy to prevent Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahong Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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