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Jagathesan K, Roy S. Recent Development of Transition Metal Complexes as Chemotherapeutic Hypoxia Activated Prodrug (HAP). ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400127. [PMID: 38634306 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a state characterized by low concentration of Oxygen. Hypoxic state is often found in the central region of solid tumors. Hypoxia is associated with abnormal neovascularization resulted in poor blood flow in tissues and increased proliferation of tumor cells, imbalance between O2 supply and O2 consumption in tumor cells, high concentration of proton and strong reducibility. And, these abnormalities enhance the survival potency of the hypoxic tumours and increase the resistance towards chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One of the approach for treating hypoxic region of tumour is to use reducing environment of hypoxic tumours for reducing a molecule (hypoxia activated prodrug, HAP) and as a result the active drug will be released in hypoxic region in a controlled manner from the prodrug and kill the hypoxic tumour. Co(III) and Pt(IV) complexes with monodentate active drug molecule in the axial position can be reduced to Co(II) and Pt(II) moieties and as a result, the axial ligands (active drug) could come out from the metal center and could show its anticancer activity. In this review we have highlighted the research articles where transition metal-based complexes are used as chemotherapeutic hypoxia activated prodrug molecules which are reported in last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jagathesan
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Sovan Roy
- Dept. of Chemistry, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
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Osztie R, Czeglédi T, Ross S, Stipsicz B, Kalydi E, Béni S, Boldizsár I, Riethmüller E, Bősze SE, Alberti Á. Comprehensive Characterization of Phytochemical Composition, Membrane Permeability, and Antiproliferative Activity of Juglans nigra Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6930. [PMID: 39000038 PMCID: PMC11241769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was the detailed polyphenol profiling of Juglans nigra and the characterization of the membrane permeability and antiproliferative properties of its main phenolics. A total of 161 compounds were tentatively identified in J. nigra bark, leaf, and pericarp extracts by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS/MS). Eight compounds including myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (86), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (106), quercetin-3-O-xyloside (74), juglone (141), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-4-oxonaphthalen-1-yl-6-O-galloyl-glucoside (92), ellagic acid (143), gallic acid (14), and ethyl gallate (58) were isolated from J. nigra pericarp. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the isolated compounds was investigated against three human cancer cell lines, confirming that juglone (141) inhibits cell proliferation in all of them, and has similar activity as the clinical standards. The permeability of the isolated compounds across biological membranes was evaluated by the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Both juglone (141) and ethyl-gallate (58) showed positive results in the blood-brain-barrier-specific PAMPA-BBB study. Juglone (141) also possesses logPe values which indicates that it may be able to cross both the GI and BBB membranes via passive diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Osztie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Tamás Czeglédi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Sarah Ross
- Department Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Leipzig, Eilenburger Str. 14, 04317 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Bence Stipsicz
- Institute of Biology, Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Research Network, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Eszter Kalydi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes Endre u. 7., 1092 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Imre Boldizsár
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Riethmüller
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Szilvia E. Bősze
- HUN-REN-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Research Network, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Alberti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.O.); (T.C.); (I.B.); (E.R.)
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Mohanta YK, Mishra AK, Panda J, Chakrabartty I, Sarma B, Panda SK, Chopra H, Zengin G, Moloney MG, Sharifi-Rad M. Promising applications of phyto-fabricated silver nanoparticles: Recent trends in biomedicine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 688:149126. [PMID: 37951153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
The prospective contribution of phyto-nanotechnology to the synthesis of silver nanomaterials for biomedical purposes is attracting increasing interest across the world. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through plants has been extensively examined recently, and it is now seen to be a green and efficient path for future exploitation and development of practical nano-factories. Fabrication of Ag-NPs is the process involves use of plant extracts/phyto-compounds (e.g.alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds) to synthesise nanoparticles in more economical and feasible. Several findings concluded that in the field of medicine, Ag-NPs play a major role in pharmacotherapy (infection and cancer). Indeed, they exhibits novel properties but the reason is unclear (except some theoretical interpretation e.g. size, shape and morphology). But recent technological advancements help to address these questions by predicting the unique properties (composition and origin) by characterizing physical, chemical and biological properties. Due to increased list of publications and their application in the field of agriculture, industries and pharmaceuticals, issues relating to toxicity are unavoidable and question of debate. The present reviews aim to find out the role of plant extracts to synthesise Ag-NPs. It provides an overview of various phytocompounds and their role in the field of biomedicine (antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory etc.). In addition, this review also especially focused on various applications such as role in infection, oxidative stress, application in medical engineering, diagnosis and therapy, medical devices, orthopedics, wound healing and dressings. Additionally, the toxic effects of Ag-NPs in cell culture, tissue of different model organism, type of toxic reactions and regulation implemented to reduce associated risk are discussed critically. Addressing all above explanations, this review focus on the detailed properties of plant mediated Ag-NPs, its impact on biology, medicine and their commercial properties as well as toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugal Kishore Mohanta
- Nano-biotechnology and Translational Knowledge Laboratory, Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, 793101, India; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Jibanjyoti Panda
- Nano-biotechnology and Translational Knowledge Laboratory, Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, 793101, India.
| | - Ishani Chakrabartty
- Learning and Development Solutions, Indegene Pvt. Ltd., Manyata Tech Park, Nagarwara, Bangalore, 560045, Karnataka, India.
| | - Bhaskar Sarma
- Department of Botany, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji, 787057, Assam, India.
| | - Sujogya Kumar Panda
- Centre of Environment Climate Change and Public Health, RUSA 2.0, Deapartment of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India.
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and TechnicalSciences, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mark G Moloney
- The Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Majid Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98613-35856, Iran.
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Şenol N, Şahin M, Şahin U. Protective effect of juglone on electric field-induced apoptosis and inflammation in liver and kidney tissue in rats. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104987. [PMID: 37659348 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Electric field (EF) has been shown to cause tissue damage mainly through oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Thus, juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) (JUG), which has antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties, is thought to be effective against electric field-induced damage. We aimed to investigate whether 50 Hz alternating current (AC) triggers inflammation and apoptosis in rat liver and kidney tissues and evaluate the JUG supplement's estimated protective effect. Twenty-four adult male wistar albino rats were divided into control, EF and EF + JUG groups, each containing eight rats. The EF and EF + JUG groups were exposed to EF while no EF exposure and JUG were applied to the control group. At the end of the experiment, liver and kidney tissues were collected for histological (H&E, caspase-3 and TNF-α for immunohistochemical staining), and genetics (SOCS, caspase-3 and TNF-α, PCR analyses). After routine histological procedures, sections stained with H&E showed significant changes in liver and kidney tissues in the EF group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Significant protective effects were observed in the building volumes and histopathology in the EF + JUG group (p < 0.05). Our gene expression results increased the expression of caspase-3 and TNF-α in the EF group (p < 0.001). Juglone increased SOCS expression (p < 0.001). These findings were consistent with the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of JUG treatment. We reasoned that exposure to EF damaged rat liver and kidney tissues and administration of JUG alleviated the complications caused by 50 Hz EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurgül Şenol
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Türkiye
| | - Melda Şahin
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Science, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Türkiye.
| | - Uğur Şahin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Türkiye; Genetic Research Unit, Innovative Technologies Application and Research Center, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Türkiye
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Gao L, Li Q, Zhang Z, Ge P, Sun J, Qiao X, Wang L, Song L. Species-specific CgCaspase-Cg-5 in the pacific oyster induces haemocyte apoptosis by regulating the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes in the early stage of immune response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108856. [PMID: 37257569 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Caspases are cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinases, playing critical roles in apoptotic pathway to induce apoptosis and inflammatory response. In this study, the expanded repertoire of Caspases was revealed in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and a total of 30 Caspases were identified from the genomic and stress-induced transcriptomic databases of the Pacific oyster. They were clustered into CgCaspase-2/9, CgCaspase-8/10, CgCaspase-3/6/7, CgCaspase-Cg, and CgCaspase-L. CgCaspase-Cg subgroup was found to be specifically expanded after a positive selection in oyster with average Ka/Ks of 0.50. The mRNA expression of CgCaspase-Cg-5 was found to be obviously induced against various bacterial and viral stimulations or environmental stresses. The relative expression level of CgCaspase-Cg-5 in haemocytes increased and reached the peak at 6 h after Vibrio splendidus stimulation, which was 5.57-fold of that in the control group (p < 0.01). In the oysters whose CgCaspase-Cg-5 expression was knocked down, the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes including CgBcl2, CgBax, CgCaspase3 and CgCaspase9 changed significantly at 12 h after V. splendidus stimulation. The expression of CgBax, CgCaspase3 and CgCaspase9 decreased, which was 0.64-fold (p < 0.05), 0.53-fold (p < 0.05) and 0.62-fold (p < 0.01), while the expression of CgBcl2 increased, which was 2.81-fold (p < 0.01) of that in the EGFP-dsRNA group, respectively. Meanwhile, the apoptotic rate of haemocytes (1.90 ± 0.71%) significantly decreased compared to that in the EGFP-dsRNA group (5.40 ± 0.72%) (p < 0.05), and the histological damages of widened cell spacing, gill filament swelling and loose cytoplasm were observed in the CgCaspase-Cg-5-knockdown oysters after V. splendidus stimulation. Collectively, CgCaspase-Cg subgroup was specifically expanded in oyster and some bivalve species, and species-specific CgCaspase-Cg-5 regulated the mRNA expression of the apoptosis-related genes to induce haemocyte apoptosis in the early stage of immune response. This provided insight into the evolutionary and functional characteristics of Caspase repertoire in the Pacific oyster and highlighted the important role of CgCaspase-Cg-5 in the response to pathogen infection and environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Pingan Ge
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
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Soyler D, Korucu EN, Menevse E, Azzawri AA, Kaya DE. Effects of Juglone and Curcumin Administration on Expression of FABP5 and FABP9 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES A: MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s199074782310001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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El-Sheikh M, Mesalam A, Khalil AAK, Idrees M, Ahn MJ, Mesalam AA, Kong IK. Downregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Juglone-Treated Bovine Oocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010114. [PMID: 36670976 PMCID: PMC9854430 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that juglone, a natural compound found in Juglandaceae with a wide range of biological activities, can reduces the developmental competence of bovine oocytes. In the current study, we investigated the possible mechanisms behind the toxicity of juglone and the relationship with PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling during the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes. Results show that oocyte exposure to juglone was associated with a significant decrease in filamentous actin (F-actin) accumulation. The RT-qPCR showed downregulation of the meiosis progression indicator GSK-3A, oocyte development marker BMP15, mitochondria fusion controlling MFN1, oxidative stress-related OGG1, and histone methylation-related EZH1, EZH2, SUZ12, G9a, and SUV39H2 genes in juglone-treated oocytes. In addition, glycolysis- (PFK1 and GLUT1), ATP synthesis- (ATPase8 and ATP5F1B), and OXPHOS-specific markers (SDHA and SDHD), as well as the oocyte survival regulators (SOD2, VEGF, and MAPK1) significantly decreased upon juglone treatment. Moreover, lower expression of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was observed at the transcriptional and/or translational level(s). The autophagy markers LC3B and beclin-1 as well as the DNA damage-specific marker 8-OxoG displayed overexpression in juglone-exposed oocytes. Taken together, our results show that administration of juglone during the IVM can reduce the quality and developmental health of bovine oocytes through downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its downstream signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa El-Sheikh
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ayman Mesalam
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Atef Mesalam
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.M.); (I.-K.K.)
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- The King Kong Corp. Ltd., Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.A.M.); (I.-K.K.)
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Sharma M, Sharma M, Sharma M. A comprehensive review on ethnobotanical, medicinal and nutritional potential of walnut (Juglans regia L.). PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9510174 DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Juglans regia L. commonly known as walnut is used as the most extensive and economical tree in the world. This review aims to study the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological potential of walnut. The literature has been collected from different online sources like science Direct, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, PubMed, etc. based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. An ethnomedicinal survey has also been conducted to document the traditional knowledge and uses of walnut among the local peoples of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. On surveying the local peoples in the different major walnut-producing areas, it has been followed that the walnut is locally used as a medicinal, nutritional, and commercial plant to treat common diseases and disorders in the locality. The survey has been conducted first time in the area and no study has been reported till now in the Jammu Division while some work has been reported in the Kashmir Division. Among the many bioactive compounds present in various plant parts, Juglone has been reported a significant anti-cancer compound in treating deadly cancer. This systematic review describes the significant knowledge and traditional information collected on ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, habitat, macro-morphology, area of distribution, and pharmacological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, 176206 Kangra India
| | - Munit Sharma
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, 249404 Uttarakhand India
| | - Munish Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, 176206 Kangra India
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Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Davaran S, Dastmalchi S. Preparation and Antiproliferative Activity Evaluation of Juglone-Loaded BSA Nanoparticles. Adv Pharm Bull 2022; 12:818-827. [PMID: 36415643 PMCID: PMC9675913 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Today, the discovery of novel and effective chemotherapeutic compounds is the main challenge in cancer therapy. In recent years, the anti-tumoral activity of natural naphthoquinone juglone (JUG), present in different parts of walnut trees, has received considerable interest. The purpose of the current study was to prepare and evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of JUG-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (JUG-BSA NPs). Methods: BSA NPs and JUG-BSA NPs were prepared using the desolvation technique. The NPs were characterized for their particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), drug loading (DL) capacity and encapsulation efficiency (EE). The anti-proliferative activity of JUG-BSA NPs was evaluated on A431 and HT29 cancer cell lines using cellular uptake and MTT assays. Results: The PS and ZP values of JUG-BSA NPs were 85 ± 6.55 nm and -29.6 mV, respectively. The DL capacity and EE were 3.7% to 5% and 50.4% to 94.6%, respectively. The cytotoxicity of JUG-BSA NPs was significantly less on both cultured A431 and HT29 cells at the studied concentrations when compared to free JUG. However, the effect was not very substantial, particularly at high levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, BSA NPs can be used as a suitable and safe carrier for the delivery of JUG, a cytotoxic hydrophobic natural compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, POBOX: 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Labbozzetta M, Poma P, Occhipinti C, Sajeva M, Notarbartolo M. Antitumor Effect of Glandora rosmarinifolia (Boraginaceae) Essential Oil through Inhibition of the Activity of the Topo II Enzyme in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134203. [PMID: 35807446 PMCID: PMC9268258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously shown that the antitumor and cytotoxic activity of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the aerial parts of Glandora rosmarinifolia appears to involve a pro-oxidant mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Its most abundant compound is a hydroxy-methyl-naphthoquinone isomer. Important pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic activities, are attributed to naphthoquinones, probably due to their pro-oxidant or electrophilic potential; for some naphthoquinones, a mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibition has been reported, in which they appear to act both as catalytic inhibitors and as topoisomerase II poisons. Our aim was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the essential oil on an acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60 and on its multidrug-resistant (MDR) variant HL-60R and verify its ability to interfere with topoisomerase II activity. MTS assay showed that G. rosmarinifolia EO induced a decrease in tumor cell viability equivalent in the two cell lines; this antitumor effect could depend on the pro-oxidant activity of EO in both cell lines. Furthermore, G. rosmarinifolia EO reduced the activity of Topo II in the nuclear extracts of HL-60 and HL-60R cells, as inferred from the inability to convert the kinetoplast DNA into the decatenated form and then not inducing linear kDNA. Confirming this result, flow cytometric analysis proved that EO induced a G0-G1 phase arrest, with cell reduction in the S-phase. In addition, the combination of EO with etoposide showed a good potentiation effect in terms of cytotoxicity in both cell lines. Our results highlight the antitumor activity of EO in the HL-60 cell line and its MDR variant with a peculiar mechanism as a Topo II modulator. Unlike etoposide, EO does not cause stabilization of a covalent Topo II-DNA intermediate but acts as a catalytic inhibitor. These data make G. rosmarinifolia EO a potential anticancer drug candidate due to its cytotoxic action, which is not affected by multidrug resistance.
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Narayanan P, Farghadani R, Nyamathulla S, Rajarajeswaran J, Thirugnanasampandan R, Bhuwaneswari G. Natural quinones induce ROS-mediated apoptosis and inhibit cell migration in PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell line. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23008. [PMID: 35253318 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating of all malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality rates worldwide. Thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone, which are naturally occurring quinones, have been reported for their promising anticancer effect on different cancer cells. However, their mechanism of action and antimetastatic effects are largely unknown against the human pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1). In this study, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay revealed a dose-dependent decrease of viability in quinone-treated PANC-1 cells. In addition, the assessment of changes in cells has demonstrated an occurrence of typical apoptotic morphology in treated PANC-1 cells compared with control. Besides this, the apoptosis induction was further quantitatively confirmed through flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone were evaluated for their influence on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) staining and they dramatically increased the intracellular ROS level in treated PANC-1 cells, suggesting the critical role of ROS in their apoptosis induction. This study also demonstrated the wound healing potential of these compounds and inhibited PANC-1 cell migration in a time-dependent manner compared with control. This inhibition was correlated with reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in juglone-treated cells detected through gelatin zymography. In conclusion, thymoquinone, plumbagin and juglone significantly inhibited cell growth and induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in PANC-1 cells. In addition, they could be potent antimetastatic agents due to their anti-migratory effect against PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shaik Nyamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jayakumar Rajarajeswaran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, India
| | - R Thirugnanasampandan
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunasekaran Bhuwaneswari
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Biotechnology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang L, Jia B, Velu P, Wu H. Corilagin induces apoptosis and inhibits HMBG1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in a rat model of gastric carcinogenesis induced by methylnitronitrosoguanidine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1222-1230. [PMID: 35103375 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer, invasive cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, found in developing countries. Chemotherapy to patients with advanced gastric cancer, exhibits greater drug resistance to standard chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, important to establish anti-cancer drugs that are successful for cancer therapy. Corilagin is a natural ellagitannin (ET) with profound pharmacological properties has been used for the study to assess its anticancer effects against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) stimulated gastric cancer rats. Biochemical studies showed Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants increased in corilagin treated animals compared with controls. Histopathologic evaluation revealed corilagin treated rats showed cell morphology similar that control showing its ameliorating effects. In corillagen treament mRNA protein expression levels of HIF-1α, AKT, PI3K, CT4, CD147 and HMGB1 were drastically lowered transcription factors triggering gastric cancer. In Western blot analysis showed released higher apoptotic marker of caspase-3, -9, Bax while Bcl-2 levels were significantly reduced confirming that corilagin triggers apoptosis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingxin Jia
- Department of General Surgery (No.2), Yulin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yulin, China
| | - Periyannan Velu
- Research Associate, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xian XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Molecular biological mechanism of action in cancer therapies: Juglone and its derivatives, the future of development. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112785. [PMID: 35272138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglone (5 - hydroxy - 1, 4 - naphthalene diketone) is a kind of natural naphthoquinone, present in the roots, leaves, nut-hulls, bark and wood of walnut trees. Recent studies have found that Juglone has special significance in the treatment of cancer, which plays a significant role in the resistance of cancer cell proliferation, induction of cancer cell apoptosis, induction of autophagy, anti-angiogenesis and inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion, etc. Additionally, its derivatives also play a tumor suppressive effect. In conclusion, Juglone and its derivatives have been identified as effective anticancer drugs. This paper reviews action mechanisms of Juglone and its derivatives in cancer treatment.
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Kim J, Lee S, Sun R, Kim J. Juglone and KPT6566 Suppress the Tumorigenic Potential of CD44+CD133+ Tumor-Initiating Caco-2 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:861045. [PMID: 35433695 PMCID: PMC9006057 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.861045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pin1, a cis/trans isomerase of peptidyl-prolyl peptide bonds, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many human cancers. Although chemical inhibitors of Pin1 show potent antitumor therapeutic properties against various cancers, their effect on colorectal cancer, especially colorectal tumor-initiating cells, remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of Juglone and KPT6566 on Caco-2 cells and tumor-initiating Caco-2 cells. Juglone and KPT6566 inhibited cell growth and colony formation, and induced apoptosis of Caco-2 cells. We also found that Juglone and KPT6566 downregulated expression of G1-phase-specific cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in a time-dependent manner, consistent with suppression of Caco-2 cell proliferation and colony formation. Although tumor-initiating cells are thought to be responsible for resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, our experiments demonstrate that Juglone or KPT6566 kill both tumor-initiating and non-tumor-initiating Caco-2 cells with equal or similar efficacy. Finally, when CD44+CD133+ tumor-initiating Caco-2 cells were injected into NSG mice, Juglone or KPT6566 led to a meaningful reduction in tumor volume and mass compared with tumors isolated from mice that received control treatment. Overall, these results indicate that chemical Pin1 inhibitors may be a valuable therapeutic option against colorectal tumor-initiating cancer cells.
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Green Husk of Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) from Southern Italy as a Valuable Source for the Recovery of Glucans and Pectins. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Walnut green husk is an agricultural waste produced during the walnut (Juglans regia L.) harvest, that could be valued as a source of high-value compounds. In this respect, walnut green husks from two areas of Southern Italy (Montalto Uffugo and Zumpano), with different soil conditions, were investigated. Glucans and pectins were isolated from dry walnut husks by carrying out alkaline and acidic extractions, respectively, and then they were characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The colorimetric method for the enzymatic measurement of α- and β-glucans was performed. The maximum total glucan yield was recovered from Montalto walnut husks (4.6 ± 0.2 g/100 g DM) with a β-glucan percentage (6.3 ± 0.4) higher than that calculated for Zumpano walnut husks (3.6 ± 0.5). Thermal analysis (DSC) confirmed the higher degree of crystallinity of glucans from Zumpano. The pectin content for Montalto husks was found to be 2.6 times that of Zumpano husks, and the esterification degree was more than 65%. The results suggested that J. regia L. green husks could be a source of glucans and pectins, whose content and morphological and thermal characteristics were influenced by different soil and climate conditions.
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Olszewska P, Pazdrak B, Kruzel ML. A Novel Human Recombinant Lactoferrin Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Growth and Migration with No Cytotoxic Effect on Normal Human Epithelial Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:33. [PMID: 34748082 PMCID: PMC8575758 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the recent advances in cancer treatment, only a subset of patients responds to targeted and immune therapies, and many patients developing resistance after an initial response. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. We produced a novel recombinant human Lf (rhLf) that exhibits glycosylation profile compatible with the natural hLf for potential parenteral therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of this novel rhLf in human lung adenocarcinoma cells and its mechanisms of action. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of A549 cancer cell growth in response to rhLf. Treatment with 1 mg/ml of rhLf for 24 h and 72 h resulted in a significant inhibition of cancer cell growth by 32% and 25%, respectively. Moreover, rhLf increased fourfold the percentage of early and late apoptotic cells compared to the control. This effect was accompanied by increased levels of caspase-3 activity and cell cycle arrest at the S phase in rhLf-treated cancer cells. Furthermore, rhLf significantly attenuated A549 cell migration. Importantly, treatment of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with rhLf showed the cell viability and morphology comparable to the control. In contrast, chemotherapeutic etoposide induced cytotoxicity in NHBE cells and reduced the cell viability by 40%. These results demonstrate the selective anticancer effects of rhLf against lung adenocarcinoma cells without cytotoxicity on normal human cells. This study highlights a potential for clinical utility of this novel rhLf in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Olszewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pazdrak
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Liu T, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zheng J. Imbalanced GSH/ROS and sequential cell death. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22942. [PMID: 34725879 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in cells during metabolic processes. Excessive intracellular ROS may react with large biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and small biomolecules, that is, glutathione (GSH) and unsaturated fatty acids. GSH has physiological functions, including free radical scavenging, anti-oxidation, and electrophile elimination. The disruption of ROS/GSH balance results in the deleterious oxidation and chemical modification of biomacromolecules, which eventually leads to cell-cycle arrest and proliferation inhibition, and even induces cell death. Imbalanced ROS/GSH may result from a direct increase of ROS, consumption of GSH, intracellular oxidoreductase interference, or thioredoxin activity reduction. Some chemicals including arsenic trioxide (ATO), pyrogallol (PG), and carbobenzoxy-Leu-Leu-leucinal (MG132) could also disrupt the balance of GSH and ROS. This article reviews the occurrence and consequences of the imbalance between GSH and ROS and introduces factors responsible for the disruption of cellular ROS and GSH balance, resulting in cell death. "GSH" and "ROS" were used as keywords to search the relevant literaturess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Sun
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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The glutaminase (CgGLS-1) mediates anti-bacterial immunity by prompting cytokine synthesis and hemocyte apoptosis in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1281. [PMID: 33446806 PMCID: PMC7809476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaminase, an amidohydrolase enzyme that hydrolyzes glutamine to glutamate, plays crucial roles in various immunomodulatory processes such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and secretion of cytokines. In the present study, a glutaminase homologue (designated as CgGLS-1) was identified from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, whose open reading frame was of 1836 bp. CgGLS-1 exhibited high sequence identity with vertebrate kidney-type GLS, and closely clustered with their homologues from mollusc C. virginica. The enzyme activity of recombinant CgGLS-1 protein (rCgGLS-1) was estimated to be 1.705 U/mg. CgGLS-1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues of oysters, with the highest expression level in hemocytes. CgGLS-1 mRNA expression in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated and peaked at 6 h (2.07-fold, p < 0.01) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The CgGLS-1 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm with a significant co-location with mitochondria in oyster hemocytes. The content of Glu in the oyster serum was significantly decreased after the inhibition of CgGLS-1 using specific inhibitor Bis-2- [5-(phenyl acetamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] ethyl sulfide (BPTES), and the expression levels of CgmGluR6, CgAP-1, cytokines CgIL17-5 and CgTNF-1 were significantly decreased after BPTES and LPS stimulation. The transcripts of CgCaspase3 as well as the apoptosis index of hemocytes were also decreased. These results collectively suggest that CgGLS-1 is the enzyme to synthesize Glu in oyster, which can modulate anti-bacterial immunity by regulating the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines CgIL17-5 and CgTNF-1, as well as hemocyte apoptosis.
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Seetha A, Devaraj H, Sudhandiran G. Effects of combined treatment with Indomethacin and Juglone on AOM/DSS induced colon carcinogenesis in Balb/c mice: Roles of inflammation and apoptosis. Life Sci 2021; 264:118657. [PMID: 33148421 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Indomethacin [IND] is reported to treat colon cancer. However, continuous exposure to IND causes gastric ulceration, an adverse side effect in humans. This study implies the therapeutic effect of IND and juglone [JUG] against colon carcinogenesis, without gastric ulceration - an adverse side effect of IND. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Balb/C mice were divided into six groups randomly: control, AOM/DSS-induced, IND-treated, JUG-treated, IND + JUG-treated and drug-control. Levels of serum markers, haematoxylin & eosin staining to observe tissue architecture, toluidine blue staining to detect mast cells expression, Masson's trichrome and sirius-red staining were used to detect the collagen deposition. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were carried out to detect inflammation and apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS IND + JUG effectively decreased the levels of serum markers: CEA, AFP, LDH, AST and ALT. Although, IND restored colonic architecture by regulating the accumulation of mast cell and collagen content, it causes gastric ulceration. To address this adverse effect of IND, JUG was given along with IND and was shown to alleviate IND-induced gastric ulceration. AOM/DSS induced animals showed increased expression of inflammatory molecules - TNFα, NFκB and Cox-2, apoptosis regulator - Bcl-2 and decreased expression of pro-apoptotic molecules - Bad, Bax and caspase3; whereas, IND and JUG treated groups showed decreased inflammatory expression with increased expression of pro-apoptotic molecules. SIGNIFICANCE IND and JUG reduce the inflammatory activity and induce apoptotic cell death, while JUG effectively prevents IND induced gastric ulceration. These findings establish that a combination of IND + JUG may serve as a promising treatment regimen for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alagesan Seetha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Halagowder Devaraj
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, India
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Induction of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Juglone Affects the Development of Bovine Oocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010168. [PMID: 33375280 PMCID: PMC7794829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglone, a major naphthalenedione component of walnut trees, has long been used in traditional medicine as an antimicrobial and antitumor agent. Nonetheless, its impact on oocyte and preimplantation embryo development has not been entirely clarified. Using the bovine model, we sought to elucidate the impact of juglone treatment during the in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes on their maturation and development of embryos. Results showed a severe reduction in oocyte nuclear maturation and cumulus expansion and a significant increase in mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) treated with juglone (12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 µM). In addition, RT-qPCR showed downregulation of the expansion-related (HAS2, TNFAIP6, PTX3, and PTGS2) and mitochondrial (ATPase6 and ATP5F1E) genes in juglone-treated COCs. Moreover, the development rates of day 4 total cleavage and 8-16 cell stage embryos, as well as day 8 blastocysts, were significantly reduced following exposure to juglone. Using immunofluorescence, the apoptotic marker caspase-9 was overexpressed in oocytes exposed to juglone (25.0 µM) compared to the untreated control. In conclusion, our study reports that exposing bovine oocytes to 12.5-50.0 µM of juglone can reduce their development through the direct induction of ROS accumulation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Cytotoxicity of juglone and thymoquinone against pancreatic cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 327:109142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Nallathambi R, Poulev A, Zuk JB, Raskin I. Proanthocyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Restores Tight Junction Barrier Function in Caco-2 Colon Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061623. [PMID: 32492806 PMCID: PMC7352846 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape polyphenols have previously been shown to improve gut health and attenuate the symptoms of metabolic syndrome; however, the mechanism of these beneficial effects is still debated. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract (GSE) on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and barrier integrity of human Caco-2 colon cells. GSE significantly reduced the LPS-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial superoxide production, and upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. GSE also restored the LPS-damaged mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, GSE increased the expression of tight junction proteins in the LPS-treated Caco-2 cells, increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Our findings suggest that GSE exerts its beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome by scavenging intestinal ROS, thus reducing oxidative stress, increasing epithelial barrier integrity, and decreasing intestinal inflammation.
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Li Z, Liu X, Li M, Chai J, He S, Wu J, Xu J. Juglone potentiates BRAF inhibitor‑induced apoptosis in melanoma through reactive oxygen species and the p38‑p53 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:566-574. [PMID: 32377702 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF inhibitors are some of the most effective drugs against melanoma; however, their clinical application is largely limited by drug resistance. Juglone, isolated from walnut trees, has demonstrated anti‑tumour activity. In the present study, it was investigated whether juglone could enhance the responses to a BRAF inhibitor in melanoma cells (A375R and SK‑MEL‑5R) with an acquired resistance. These cells were treated with juglone alone, BRAF inhibitor (PLX4032) alone, or juglone combined with PLX4032. It was demonstrated that the combination of juglone and PLX4032 had synergistic effects on BRAF inhibitor‑resistant melanoma cells. Juglone potentiated PLX4032‑induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial apoptosis in both A375R and SK‑MEL‑5R cells, which was accompanied by a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential and a decrease in Bcl‑2/Bax ratio. Moreover, juglone combined with PLX4032 markedly increased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated p38 and p53, as compared with juglone alone or PLX4032 alone. Pre‑treatment with N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine, a ROS scavenger, completely reversed the cytotoxicity induced by juglone combined with PLX4032. In conclusion, juglone potentiated BRAF inhibitor‑induced apoptosis in resistant melanoma cells, and these effects occurred partially through ROS and the p38‑p53 pathway, suggesting the potential of juglone as a sensitizer to BRAF inhibitors in the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jingxiu Chai
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Olszewska P, Cal D, Zagórski P, Mikiciuk-Olasik E. A novel trifluoromethyl 2-phosphonopyrrole analogue inhibits human cancer cell migration and growth by cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 871:172943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Naz I, Ramchandani S, Khan MR, Yang MH, Ahn KS. Anticancer Potential of Raddeanin A, a Natural Triterpenoid Isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. Molecules 2020; 25:E1035. [PMID: 32106609 PMCID: PMC7179125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds extracted from plants have gained immense importance in the fight against cancer cells due to their lesser toxicity and potential therapeutic effects. Raddeanin A (RA), an oleanane type triterpenoid is a major compound isolated from Anemone raddeana Regel. As an anticancer agent, RA induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibits invasion, migration and angiogenesis in malignant cell lines as well as in preclinical models. In this systemic review, the pharmacological effects of RA and its underlying molecular mechanisms were carefully analyzed and potential molecular targets have been highlighted. The apoptotic potential of RA can be mediated through the modulation of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, cytochrome c and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway serves as the major molecular target affected by RA. Furthermore, RA can block cell proliferation through inhibition of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells. RA can also alter the activation of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways to suppress invasion and metastasis. RA has also exhibited promising anticancer potential against drug resistant cancer cells and can enhance the anticancer effects of several chemotherapeutic agents. Overall, RA may function as a promising compound in combating cancer, although further in-depth study is required under clinical settings to validate its efficacy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Naz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | | | | | - Min Hee Yang
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
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Saleem MZ, Nisar MA, Alshwmi M, Din SRU, Gamallat Y, Khan M, Ma T. Brevilin A Inhibits STAT3 Signaling and Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis, Mitochondrial Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:435-450. [PMID: 32021288 PMCID: PMC6970270 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women across the globe. Despite concerted efforts to improve the prevailing treatment modalities, the overall prognosis of breast cancer remains unsatisfactory. Recently, antiproliferative activity of Brevilin A (Brv-A), a sesquiterpene lactone compound of Centipeda minima, has been unveiled in various cancer types. Here, we have explored anticancer activity of Brv-A in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells by targeting various pathways. Materials and Methods Cell proliferation rate was determined by CCK-8 and clonogenic assay. Cellular morphological changes were observed under phase contrast microscope while calcein-AM and PI was used for live/dead assay. Cell cycle assay was performed by flow cytometry. Apoptotic cell percentage was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis. ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured using commercially available kits while protein expression was measured by Western blotting. Results In our study, Brv-A exerted antiproliferative effect through mitotic arrest at G2/M phase of cell cycle and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Induction of apoptosis by Brv-A was found to be associated with ROS generation by targeting NOX2 and NOX3, mitochondrial dysfunction (MMP dissipation and Bcl-2 family proteins modulation), DNA fragmentation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by increasing Bip/GRP78, ATF4 and CHOP protein expressions and inhibition of STAT3 activation via decreased phosphorylation of JAK2 and SRC. Pretreatment of NAC, a ROS scavenger, partially reversed the aforesaid cellular events indicating ROS generation as the primary event to modulate cellular targets for induction of apoptosis. Besides, Brv-A has also been documented for inhibition of cell migration via decrease in COX-2 and MMP-2 expression. Conclusion Taken together, Brv-A induces G2/M phase arrest, ROS-dependent apoptosis, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibits STAT3 activation in MCF-7 cells signifying it to be one of the potential anticancer therapeutics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair Saleem
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nisar
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed Alshwmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Zhang J, Liu F. 7- H-Pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine derivative acts as promising agent for gastric cancer treatment by inducing cell death. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:426. [PMID: 31696031 PMCID: PMC6820629 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study effect of 7-H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative (7-HPPD) on viability of MKN28 and MKN74 gastric cancer cells was investigated. There was no significant change in GES-1 cell viability on treatment with 7-HPPD for 48 h. MKN28 and MKN74 cell viability was reduced to 21 and 23%, respectively, on treatment with 7-HPPD at concentration of 50 µM. Hoechst 33342 staining showed that the cells treated with 7-HPPD showed condensation of chromatin material, presence of apoptotic bodies and intense blue fluorescence. Treatment of MKN28 and MKN74 cells with 7-HPPD markedly increased the release of LDH. Z-VAD-FMK prevented 7-HPPD-induced suppression of MKN28 and MKN74 cell viability. Exposure to 15, 20, 25, 30 and 50 µM concentrations of 7-HPPD caused concentration-based increase in caspase-8, -9, -3 and cleaved PARP. A significant increase in ROS production was caused by 7-HPPD in MKN28 and MKN74 cells. Increasing the concentration of 7-HPPD from 10 to 50 µM did not increase the expression of RIP3 protein. In summary, 7-HPPD suppresses gastric cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis through increase in caspase expression and ROS production. Consequently, 7-HPPD may be used for the development of treatment strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- grid.452402.5Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Jing Zhang
- grid.492464.9Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- grid.452402.5Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
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de Mello MVP, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Pereira JR, dos Santos Moreira C, Gomes CBDSMR, da Rocha DR, de Souza Fagundes EM, Ferreira GB, Lanznaster M. Evaluation of 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone-cobalt(III) complexes for hypoxia-activated drug delivery. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mahdavi M, Azadbakht M, Vahdati A, Shokrzadeh M, Farhadi A. Cytotoxic Effects of Juglone and Pterocarya fraxinifolia on Prostate Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2019; 11:195-204. [PMID: 31555025 PMCID: PMC6662039 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_203_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Juglone with naphthoquinone structure has medicinal properties and its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant effects have been proven. In this research, the cytotoxic and apoptosis effects of juglone and Pterocarya fraxinifolia (PF) methanolic extract on human prostate cancer cells were studied. Materials and Methods: The PC3 and DU145 human cancer cells and normal cells of primary prostate epithelial cells (ATCC PCS-440-010) were treated with juglone and PF extract at the concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/mL for 24, 48, 72, and 96h. The morphological changes were examined by reversed microscope. The survival percentage of cell lines was evaluated by MTT (3,4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test. The rate of apoptosis and expression of AR and CLU genes were examined by flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: All concentrations after 24h caused morphological changes in PC3 and DU145 cells, and these changes were intensified after 48, 72, and 96h. Also, concentrations of 100 and 500 μg/mL caused morphological changes in normal cells. The results of MTT test showed a significant decrease in PC3 and DU145 cell survival rate at 50, 100, and 500 μg/mL concentrations (P < 0.05). Juglone at 10 μg/mL concentration induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Juglone and PF could decrease the growth of cancer cell lines through the mitochondrial pathway. So PF could be considered as a potential candidate for therapeutic herbal medicine in treating cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azadbakht
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Akbar Vahdati
- Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ayub Farhadi
- Department of Animal Science, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
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Gupta A, Singh AK, Kumar R, Ganguly R, Rana HK, Pandey PK, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Pandey AK. Corilagin in Cancer: A Critical Evaluation of Anticancer Activities and Molecular Mechanisms. Molecules 2019; 24:E3399. [PMID: 31546767 PMCID: PMC6767293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Corilagin (β-1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-d-glucose), an ellagitannin, is one of the major bioactive compounds present in various plants. Ellagitannins belong to the hydrolyzable tannins, a group of polyphenols. Corilagin shows broad-spectrum biological, and therapeutic activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antitumor actions. Natural compounds possessing antitumor activities have attracted significant attention for treatment of cancer. Corilagin has shown inhibitory activity against the growth of numerous cancer cells by prompting cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and augmented apoptosis. Corilagin-induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death depends on production of intracellular reactive oxygen species in breast cancer cell line. It blocks the activation of both the canonical Smad and non-canonical extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/Akt (protein kinase B) pathways. The potential apoptotic action of corilagin is mediated by altered expression of procaspase-3, procaspase-8, procaspase-9, poly (ADP ribose) polymerase, and Bcl-2 Bax. In nude mice, corilagin suppressed cholangiocarcinoma growth and downregulated the expression of Notch1 and mammalian target of rapamycin. The aim of this review is to summarize the anticancer efficacy of corilagin with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms involving various signaling pathways in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Risha Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Harvesh Kumar Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Prabhash Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Abhay K Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Zhang J, Liu F, Zhang X. Inhibition of Proliferation of SGC7901 and BGC823 Human Gastric Cancer Cells by Ursolic Acid Occurs Through a Caspase-Dependent Apoptotic Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6846-6854. [PMID: 31545303 PMCID: PMC6754718 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Ursolic acid is a plant metabolite and pentacyclic triterpenoid used in traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ursolic acid the growth and apoptosis of SGC7901 and BGC823 human gastric cancer cells in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS SGC7901 and BGC823 human gastric cancer cells and normal GES-1 gastric epithelial cells were cultured with increasing doses of ursolic acid at 50, 60, and 100 µM. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using an MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to measure procaspase-8, procaspase-9, procaspase-3, and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) expression. The expression of receptor interaction protein 3 (RIP3) was examined by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Morphological changes in the gastric cancer cells were determined using Hoechst 33342 staining following ursolic acid treatment. RESULTS Ursolic acid inhibited the viability of SGC7901 and BGC823 cells but not GES-1 cells. Ursolic acid treatment significantly induced apoptosis in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells when compared with GES-1 cells (P<0.05), and significantly increased the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, poly ADPribose polymerase (PARP), and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment of SGC7901 and BGC823 cells with ursolic acid for 72 h did not induce necroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Ursolic acid inhibited the proliferation of SGC7901 and BGC823 human gastric cancer cells in vitro through a caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Ostadrahimi A, Tabibiazar M, Amarowicz R. A Comprehensive Review on the Chemical Constituents and Functional Uses of Walnut ( Juglans spp.) Husk. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3920. [PMID: 31409014 PMCID: PMC6719079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The walnut (Juglans spp.) is an appreciated nut that belongs to the Juglandaceae family. The fruit includes four main parts: the kernel, the skin, the shell, and the green husk. It is widely cultivated due to its edible kernel. In walnut production centers, high amounts of the husk as an agro-forest waste product are produced and discarded away. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the walnut green husk could be valued as a source of different natural bioactive compounds with excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Regarding this respect, in this contribution, the current scientific knowledge on the antioxidant and antiradical activities, various identified and isolated individual chemical constituents, as well as the functional applications of the walnut husk with more emphasis on the Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Tabibiazar
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran.
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-468 Olsztyn, Poland.
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ROS -mediated p53 activation by juglone enhances apoptosis and autophagy in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114647. [PMID: 31283929 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Juglone (JG) exhibits a broad-spectrum of cytotoxicity against some cancer cells. However, its molecular mechanisms have not been investigated well. Here, the present results showed that JG significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CCK-8 assays, flow cytometric analysis, western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that JG effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through extrinsic pathways. We also observed that JG treatment induced autophagy flux via activiting the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, we found that JG enhanced p53 activation by increasing down-regulation of ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Inhibition of p53 by siRNA attenuated JG-induced cell death and autophagy. Moreover, JG enhanced the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2• -). Further experiments proved that H2O2 was a major factor since the H2O2 scavenger catalase (CAT) reduced both autophagy and cell death to a greater extent than the O2• - scavenger SOD. Overall, our results illustrated that JG caused apoptosis and autophagy via activating the ROS-mediated p53 pathway in human liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which provided basic scientific evidence that JG serves as a potential anti-cancer agent.
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Zhang YY, Zhang F, Zhang YS, Thakur K, Zhang JG, Liu Y, Kan H, Wei ZJ. Mechanism of Juglone-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Ishikawa Human Endometrial Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7378-7389. [PMID: 31184118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of Juglone-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells was investigated. Juglone was purified from the green husk of Carya cathayensis Sarg and identified by HPLC, LC-MS/MS, and NMR. At an IC50 of 20.81 μM, juglone significantly inhibited Ishikawa cell proliferation, as shown by S phase arrest mediated by inactivation of cyclin A protein ( p < 0.05). The ROS levels increased significantly after exposure to juglone, which paralleled increases in the mRNA and protein expression of p21 and decreases in the levels of CDK2, cdc25A, CHK1, and cyclin A. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was significantly down-regulated, whereas the expression of Bax, Bad and cyto c was up-regulated, and we later confirmed the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in juglone-induced apoptosis. Our in vitro results stated that juglone can be studied further as an effective natural anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Shuo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming 650224 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Kan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming 650224 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Compound Seasoning , Anhui Qiangwang Seasoning Food Company, Ltd. , Jieshou 236500 , People's Republic of China
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Zhao X, Zhu W, Zhang R, Zhang M, Zhao J, Hou J, Zhang W. Targeted juglone blocks the invasion and metastasis of HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 140:211-217. [PMID: 31445828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Soto-Maldonado C, Vergara-Castro M, Jara-Quezada J, Caballero-Valdés E, Müller-Pavez A, Zúñiga-Hansen ME, Altamirano C. Polyphenolic extracts of walnut (Juglans regia) green husk containing juglone inhibit the growth of HL-60 cells and induce apoptosis. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Ahmad T, Suzuki YJ. Juglone in Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040091. [PMID: 30959841 PMCID: PMC6523217 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglone (5-hydroxyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a phenolic compound found in walnuts. Because of the antioxidant capacities of phenolic compounds, juglone may serve to combat oxidative stress, thereby protecting against the development of various diseases and aging processes. However, being a quinone molecule, juglone could also act as a redox cycling agent and produce reactive oxygen species. Such prooxidant properties of juglone may confer health effects, such as by killing cancer cells. Further, recent studies revealed that juglone influences cell signaling. Notably, juglone is an inhibitor of Pin1 (peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase) that could regulate phosphorylation of Tau, implicating potential effects of juglone in Alzheimer’s disease. Juglone also activates mitogen-activated protein kinases that could promote cell survival, thereby protecting against conditions such as cardiac injury. This review describes recent advances in the understanding of the effects and roles of juglone in oxidative stress and cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taseer Ahmad
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Yuichiro J Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Saha S, Chowdhury J. Binding Interaction of Juglone with Lysozyme: Spectroscopic Studies Aided by In Silico Calculations. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 193:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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EF24 Suppresses Cholangiocellular Carcinoma Progression, Inhibits STAT3 Phosphorylation, and Induces Apoptosis via ROS-Mediated Oxidative Stress. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8701824. [PMID: 30949204 PMCID: PMC6425401 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8701824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic options for advanced stage cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) are very limited as of today and patients carry an exceptionally poor overall prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has been accumulated to suggest that malignant cells widely show increased intrinsic ROS levels and exhibit altered redox profiles as compared to normal counterparts, opening up potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. This study provides preclinical experimental evidence of therapeutic activity of the curcumin analog EF24 in cholangiocarcinoma models. In CCC cell lines, EF24 inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis through excessive ROS generation. Moreover, administration of EF24 led to depletion of total intracellular GSH levels, induced mitochondrial depolarization, and abrogated STAT3 phosphorylation. Of interest, these effects were readily averted by treating the cells with exogenous antioxidants such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or glutathione monoethyl ester (GEE). In vivo, EF24, solubilized using a cyclodextrin formulation, significantly suppressed the growth of tumor xenografts without exhibiting any toxic adverse effects. Immunohistochemical analysis of extracted tumor tissues demonstrated reduced nuclear staining for Ki-67 and downregulation of phospho-STAT3 as well as strong staining for oxidative stress biomarker 8-OHdG. Therefore, the data presented here suggest EF24 as potential therapeutic compound against CCC which might act at least to some extent through ROS-induced oxidative damage, subsequently inducing apoptosis. Further evaluation of this approach should be carried out in future follow-up studies.
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Zhang Y, Luo YH, Piao XJ, Shen GN, Wang JR, Feng YC, Li JQ, Xu WT, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Wang CY, Jin CH. The design of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives and mechanisms underlying apoptosis induction through ROS-dependent MAPK/Akt/STAT3 pathways in human lung cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1577-1587. [PMID: 30846406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The natural compound 1,4-naphthoquinone has potent anti-tumor activity. However, the clinical application of 1,4-naphthoquinone and its derivatives has been limited by their side effects. In this study, we attempted to reduce the toxicity of 1,4-naphthoquinone by synthesizing two derivatives: 2,3-dihydro-2,3-epoxy-2-propylsulfonyl-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (EPDMNQ) and 2,3-dihydro-2,3-epoxy-2-nonylsulfonyl-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (ENDMNQ). Then we evaluated the cytotoxicity and molecular mechanisms of these compounds in lung cancer cells. EPDMNQ and ENDMNQ significantly inhibited the viabilities of three lung cancer cell lines and induced A549 cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. In addition, they induced the apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells by increasing the phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and decreasing the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (p-ERK), protein kinase B (Akt), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, they increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in A549 cells; however, pretreatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine significantly inhibited EPDMNQ- and ENDMNQ-mediated apoptosis and reversed apoptotic proteins expression. In conclusion, EPDMNQ and ENDMNQ induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells via the ROS-mediated activation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), Akt and STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Ying-Hua Luo
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Xian-Ji Piao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China
| | - Gui-Nan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Jia-Ru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yu-Chao Feng
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Wan-Ting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
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Zhao X, Song X, Zhao J, Zhu W, Hou J, Wang Y, Zhang W. Juglone Inhibits Proliferation of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer Cells Specifically. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:475-480. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Xiaoxing Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Jierui Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Wenhe Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Jiancheng Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College of Jilin Medical University
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Chaudhary N, Sasaki R, Shuto T, Watanabe M, Kawahara T, Suico MA, Yokoyama T, Mizuguchi M, Kai H, Devkota HP. Transthyretin Amyloid Fibril Disrupting Activities of Extracts and Fractions from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. var. cordiformis (Makino) Kitam. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030500. [PMID: 30704121 PMCID: PMC6384717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin-related amyloidosis is a slowly progressive disorder caused by deposition of insoluble amyloid plaques formed by fibrillization of mutant or defective transthyretin (TTR) monomers that leads to neurodegeneration and organ failure. Thus, any compound exhibiting TTR amyloid formation inhibitory activity or TTR amyloid fibril disrupting activity might be a potential candidate for the development of therapies for these disorders. Our aim in this study was the evaluation of the TTR amyloid fibril disrupting potential of extracts of leaves and immature fruits of two Juglans plants, i.e., Juglans mandshurica var. sachalinensis and Juglans mandshurica var. cordiformis. The TTR amyloid fibril disrupting activity was measured by Thioflavin-T (ThT) assay and PROTEOSTAT® Protein aggregation assay methods. A fifty percent acetone extract of the fruits of Juglans mandshurica var. cordiformis showed strong amyloid fibril disrupting activity, and was further fractionated using different solvents. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed significant activity in both assays. Syringic acid was isolated and identified as main compound in both of these fractions; however, it did not show any activity. Furthermore, some of the previously reported compounds from Juglans plants including naphthoquinone derivatives and phenolic compounds were evaluated to identify the potential bioactive compounds. Among them, juglone, a naphthoquinone derivative showed promising activity. However, juglone also showed strong cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. Thus, future studies should focus on the isolation and identification of naphthoquinone derivatives or other compounds from Juglans plan ts with potent bioactivity and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Chaudhary
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Ryoko Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Masato Watanabe
- Department of Medicinal Botany, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Teppei Kawahara
- Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRoD), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems at Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
- Department of Medicinal Botany, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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Xu J, Zhang G, Tong Y, Yuan J, Li Y, Song G. Corilagin induces apoptosis, autophagy and ROS generation in gastric cancer cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:967-979. [PMID: 30569134 PMCID: PMC6317684 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Corilagin, a unique component of the tannin family, has been identified in several medicinal plants. In previous literature, corilagin exhibited a marked anticancer property in a variety of human cancer cells. However, the biological effects of corilagin on gastric cancer and the mechanisms involved remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, it was reported that corilagin induced inhibition of cell growth in SGC7901 and BGC823 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. It was found that corilagin exhibited less toxicity towards normal GES-1 cells. Furthermore, the study showed that corilagin induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells mainly via activating caspase-8, -9, -3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase proteins. Simultaneously, it was verified that corilagin triggered autophagy in gastric cancer cells and the inhibition of autophagy improved the activity of corilagin on cell growth suppression. In addition, corilagin significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species production, which is important in inhibiting the growth of gastric cancer cells. Finally, it was shown that necroptosis cannot be induced by corilagin-incubation in SGC7901 and BGC823 cell lines. Consequently, these findings indicate that corilagin may be developed as a potential therapeutic drug for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P.R. China
| | - Gongye Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yinping Tong
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Yuan
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyue Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Song
- Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
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Eskandari S, Yazdanparast R. Overexpression of Hes1 is involved in sensitization of K562 cells to Imatinib. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10128-10136. [PMID: 30548309 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based therapy has created promising results among much chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Imatinib as a relatively specific inhibitor of Bcr-Abl is at present one of the undisputed therapeutic agent for newlydiagnosed patients with CML. However, the occurrence of imatinib-resistance enlightens the urgent need to identify other therapeutic agents against CML. Juglone (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone) exerts cytotoxic effects against various human cancer cell lines. However, the mechanisms through which Juglone induces anticancer effects in CML especially in comparison with imatinib treatment remain unknown. Our results revealed that Juglone-inhibited K562 cells growth through inducing apoptosis. Based on our Western blot analyses, Juglone significantly reduced p-Akt levels and increased the expression level of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and FoxO3a proteins. Moreover, hairy/enhancer of split-1 (Hes1) protein, overexpressed under the influence of Juglone, is apparently involved in Juglone-induced apoptosis among K562 cells. Conversely, treatment with imatinib attenuated Hes1 protein expression. Considering the different functional mechanism of Juglone compared with imatinib, it seems that Juglone treatment could be a useful alternative strategy for the treatment of patients with imatinib-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Eskandari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Yazdanparast
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Natural Products to Fight Cancer: A Focus on Juglans regia. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110469. [PMID: 30441778 PMCID: PMC6266065 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Even if cancer represents a burden for human society, an exhaustive cure has not been discovered yet. Low therapeutic index and resistance to pharmacotherapy are two of the major limits of antitumour treatments. Natural products represent an excellent library of bioactive molecules. Thus, tapping into the natural world may prove useful in identifying new therapeutic options with favourable pharmaco-toxicological profiles. Juglans regia, or common walnut, is a very resilient tree that has inhabited our planet for thousands of years. Many studies correlate walnut consumption to beneficial effects towards several chronic diseases, such as cancer, mainly due to the bioactive molecules stored in different parts of the plant. Among others, polyphenols, quinones, proteins, and essential fatty acids contribute to its pharmacologic activity. The present review aims to offer a comprehensive perspective about the antitumour potential of the most promising compounds stored in this plant, such as juglanin, juglone, and the ellagitannin-metabolites urolithins or deriving from walnut dietary intake. All molecules and a chronic intake of the fruit provide tangible anticancer effects. However, the scarcity of studies on humans does not allow results to be conclusive.
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de Carvalho RL, Jardim GAM, Santos ACC, Araujo MH, Oliveira WXC, Bombaça ACS, Menna‐Barreto RFS, Gopi E, Gravel E, Doris E, da Silva Júnior EN. Combination of Aryl Diselenides/Hydrogen Peroxide and Carbon‐Nanotube/Rhodium Nanohybrids for Naphthol Oxidation: An Efficient Route towards Trypanocidal Quinones. Chemistry 2018; 24:15227-15235. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renato L. de Carvalho
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Guilherme A. M. Jardim
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Augusto C. C. Santos
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Maria H. Araujo
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Willian X. C. Oliveira
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | | | | | - Elumalai Gopi
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)CEAUniversité Paris-Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)CEAUniversité Paris-Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Eric Doris
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)CEAUniversité Paris-Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Eufrânio N. da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact SciencesDepartment of ChemistryFederal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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Gaikwad S, Chakraborty A, Salwe S, Patel V, Kulkarni S, Banerjee S. Juglone-ascorbic acid synergy inhibits metastasis and induces apoptotic cell death in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma by perturbing SOD and catalase activities. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22176. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Gaikwad
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Avik Chakraborty
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Sukeshani Salwe
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health; Mumbai India
| | - Vainav Patel
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health; Mumbai India
| | - Savita Kulkarni
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
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Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Amarowicz R. Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) shell pyroligneous acid: chemical constituents and functional applications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22376-22391. [PMID: 35539719 PMCID: PMC9081416 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03684e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon the processing of different agricultural products, considerable amounts of by-products and bio-wastes are produced and discarded or burnt as fuel, which are a potential source of valuable compounds. Over the past several decades, plant by-products have been recognized as a source of nutraceutical components, including dietary fibers, phenolics, and many other useful compounds. The walnut is known as an important tree nut. The shell of a walnut is the middle part of the fruit and it is a waste product of walnut processing industries. Recently, pyroligneous acids from the walnut shell have been receiving much-increasing interest because of their excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Hence, this review deals with the recent scientific literature on walnut shell pyroligneous acids and their chemical composition as well as their functional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran a, +98 41 33366581 +98 41 33366581
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences Olsztyn Poland
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Mathiyazhagan K, Kumaran A, Arjun P. Isolation of Natural Naphthoquinones from Juglans regia and In Vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Studies of Naphthoquinones and the Synthetic Naphthofuran Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018030111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li N, Lin Z, Chen W, Zheng Y, Ming Y, Zheng Z, Huang W, Chen L, Xiao J, Lin H. Corilagin from longan seed: Identification, quantification, and synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and hey cells with ginsenoside Rh2 and 5-fluorouracil. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:133-140. [PMID: 29751073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Corilagin content from different parts of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method. Additionally, the potential synergistic effects of corilagin + ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), and corilagin + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on ovarian cancer cells, and cancer-preventing activities, including inhibition of tyrosinase, properties of antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging, and blocking of nitrosamine synthesis were investigated. The results showed the content of corilagin from different parts of longan varied widely, while corilagin content in longan seed was high with a value of 542.15 ± 10.30 μg/g. Then the corilagin from longan seed was chosen for further study, since longan seed was easily obtained from by-product of longan fruit processing with low cost. Furthermore, the combinations of corilagin + Rh2, and corilagin + 5-FU showed an increased synergistic cytotoxicity on SKOv3ip and Hey cells. Moreover, corilagin inhibited exhibited effects of inhibiting tyrosinase, antioxidation, scavenging nitrite and blocking nitrosamine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Zhican Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China
| | - Yanlin Ming
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China.
| | - Zhizhong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen City for Plant Introduction & Quarantine and Plant Derived Product, Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Key Laboratory of Fujian Province for Physiology and Biochemistry of Subtropical Plant, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian 361006, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Hetong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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