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Yang H, Chen Y, Tao Q, Shi W, Tian Y, Wei Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Han S, Cheng J. Integrative molecular and structural neuroimaging analyses of the interaction between depression and age of onset: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111052. [PMID: 38871019 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a neurodevelopmental disorder that exhibits progressive gray matter volume (GMV) atrophy. Research indicates that brain development is influential in depression-induced GMV alterations. However, the interaction between depression and age of onset is not well understood by the underlying molecular and neuropathological mechanisms. Thus, 152 first-episode depression individuals and matched 130 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to undergo T1-weighted high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging for this study. By two-way ANOVA, age and diagnosis were used as factors when analyzing the interaction of GMV in the participants. Then, spatial correlations between neurotransmitter maps and factor-related volume maps are established. Results illustrate a pronounced antagonistic interaction between depression and age of onset in the right insula, superior temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, and orbitofrontal gyrus. Depression-caused reductions in GMV are mainly distributed in thalamic-limbic-cortical regions, regardless of age. For the main effect of age, adults exhibit brain atrophy in frontal, cerebellum, parietal, and temporal lobe structures. Cross-modal correlations showed that GMV changes in the interactive regions were linked with the serotonergic system and dopaminergic systems. Summarily, our results reveal the interaction between depression and age of onset in neurobiological mechanisms, which provide hints for future treatment of different ages of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiuying Tao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Tian
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yarui Wei
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of brain function and cognitive magnetic resonance imaging, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for detection and application of brain function, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of medical imaging intelligent diagnosis and treatment, Zhengzhou, China; Henan key laboratory of imaging intelligence research, Zhengzhou, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Brain Function Development and Application, Zhengzhou, China.
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Liu H, Hao Z, Qiu S, Wang Q, Zhan L, Huang L, Shao Y, Wang Q, Su C, Cao Y, Sun J, Wang C, Lv Y, Li M, Shen W, Li H, Jia X. Grey matter structural alterations in anxiety disorders: a voxel-based meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:456-474. [PMID: 38150133 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders (ADs) are a group of prevalent and destructive mental illnesses, but the current understanding of their underlying neuropathology is still unclear. Employing voxel-based morphometry (VBM), previous studies have demonstrated several common brain regions showing grey matter volume (GMV) abnormalities. However, contradictory results have been reported among these studies. Considering that different subtypes of ADs exhibit common core symptoms despite different diagnostic criteria, and previous meta-analyses have found common core GMV-altered brain regions in ADs, the present research aimed to combine the results of individual studies to identify common GMV abnormalities in ADs. Therefore, we first performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on studies investigating GMV differences between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HCs). Then, the anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping (AES-SDM) was applied in this meta-analysis. A total of 24 studies (including 25 data sets) were included in the current study, and 906 patients with ADs and 1003 HCs were included. Compared with the HCs, the patients with ADs showed increased GMV in the left superior parietal gyrus, right angular gyrus, left precentral gyrus, and right lingual gyrus, and decreased GMV in the bilateral insula, bilateral thalamus, left caudate, and right putamen. In conclusion, the current study has identified some abnormal GMV brain regions that are related to the pathological mechanisms of anxiety disorders. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the underlying neuropathology of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zeqi Hao
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Shasha Qiu
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Linlin Zhan
- School of Western Languages, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lina Huang
- Department of Radiology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youbin Shao
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Su
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yikang Cao
- School of Information and Electronics Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jiawei Sun
- School of Information and Electronics Technology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Lv
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Li
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayun Li
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Xize Jia
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
- Intelligent Laboratory of Zhejiang Province in Mental Health and Crisis Intervention for Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
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Liu N, Sun H, Yang C, Li X, Gao Z, Gong Q, Zhang W, Lui S. The difference in volumetric alternations of the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system between major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:65-77. [PMID: 38199394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (ANX) are psychiatric disorders with high mutual comorbidity rates that might indicate some shared neurobiological pathways between them, but they retain diverse phenotypes that characterize themselves specifically. However, no consistent evidence exists for common and disorder-specific gray matter volume (GMV) alternations between them. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis on voxel-based morphometry studies of patients with MDD and ANX were performed. The effect of comorbidity was explicitly controlled during disorder-specific analysis and particularly investigated in patient with comorbidity. RESULTS A total of 45 studies with 54 datasets comprising 2196 patients and 2055 healthy participants met the inclusion criteria. Deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, and limbic regions were found in MDD and ANX. The disorder-specific analyses showed decreased GMV in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, right striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum in MDD, while decreased GMV in the left striatum, amygdala, insula, and increased cerebellar volume in ANX. A totally different GMV alternation pattern was shown involving bilateral temporal and parietal gyri and left fusiform gyrus in patients with comorbidity. LIMITATIONS Owing to the design of included studies, only partial patients in the comorbid group had a secondary comorbidity diagnosis. CONCLUSION Patients with MDD and ANX shared a structural disruption in the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system. The disorder-specific effects manifested their greatest severity in distinct lateralization and directionality of these changes that differentiate MDD from ANX. The comorbid group showed a totally different GMV alternation pattern, possibly suggesting another illness subtype that requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naici Liu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengmin Yang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang E, Hauson AO, Pollard AA, Meis B, Lackey NS, Carson B, Khayat S, Fortea L, Radua J. Lateralized grey matter volume changes in adolescents versus adults with major depression: SDM-PSI meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 335:111691. [PMID: 37837793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study is the first meta-analysis to examine grey matter volume (GMV) changes in adolescents and across the lifespan in major depressive disorder (MDD). Seed-based d mapping-with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) has advantages over previous coordinate-based meta-analytical methods (CBMA), such as reducing bias (via the MetaNSUE algorithm) and including non-statistically significant unreported effects. SDM-PSI was used to analyze 105 whole-brain GMV voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies comparing 6,530 individuals with MDD versus 6,821 age-matched healthy controls (HC). A laterality effect was observed in which adults with MDD showed lower GMV than adult HC in left fronto-temporo-parietal structures (superior temporal gyrus, insula, Rolandic operculum, and inferior frontal gyrus). However, these abnormalities were not statistically significant for adolescent MDD versus adolescent HC. Instead, adolescent MDD showed lower GMV than adult MDD in right temporo-parietal structures (angular gyrus and middle temporal gyrus). These regional differences may be used as potential biomarkers to predict and monitor treatment outcomes as well as to choose the most effective treatments in adolescents versus adults. Finally, due to the paucity of youth, older adult, and longitudinal studies, future studies should attempt to replicate these GMV findings and examine whether they correlate with treatment response and illness severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Zhang
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Alexander O Hauson
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America.
| | - Anna A Pollard
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Meis
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas S Lackey
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Bryce Carson
- California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Psychology Ph.D. Program, San Diego, CA, United States of America; Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Sarah Khayat
- Institute of Brain Research and Integrated Neuropsychological Services (iBRAINs.org), San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li Y, Li C, Jiang L. Well-being is associated with cortical thickness network topology of human brain. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2023; 19:16. [PMID: 37749598 PMCID: PMC10521404 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-023-00219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living a happy and meaningful life is an eternal topic in positive psychology, which is crucial for individuals' physical and mental health as well as social functioning. Well-being can be subdivided into pleasure attainment related hedonic well-being or emotional well-being, and self-actualization related eudaimonic well-being or psychological well-being plus social well-being. Previous studies have mostly focused on human brain morphological and functional mechanisms underlying different dimensions of well-being, but no study explored brain network mechanisms of well-being, especially in terms of topological properties of human brain morphological similarity network. METHODS Therefore, in the study, we collected 65 datasets including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and well-being data, and constructed human brain morphological network based on morphological distribution similarity of cortical thickness to explore the correlations between topological properties including network efficiency and centrality and different dimensions of well-being. RESULTS We found emotional well-being was negatively correlated with betweenness centrality in the visual network but positively correlated with eigenvector centrality in the precentral sulcus, while the total score of well-being was positively correlated with local efficiency in the posterior cingulate cortex of cortical thickness network. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that different dimensions of well-being corresponded to different cortical hierarchies: hedonic well-being was involved in more preliminary cognitive processing stages including perceptual and attentional information processing, while hedonic and eudaimonic well-being might share common morphological similarity network mechanisms in the subsequent advanced cognitive processing stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan, Beijing, China.
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Liu X, Klugah-Brown B, Zhang R, Chen H, Zhang J, Becker B. Pathological fear, anxiety and negative affect exhibit distinct neurostructural signatures: evidence from psychiatric neuroimaging meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:405. [PMID: 36151073 PMCID: PMC9508096 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Internalizing disorders encompass anxiety, fear and depressive disorders, which exhibit overlap at both conceptual and symptom levels. Given that a neurobiological evaluation is lacking, we conducted a Seed-based D-Mapping comparative meta-analysis including coordinates as well as original statistical maps to determine common and disorder-specific gray matter volume alterations in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), fear-related anxiety disorders (FAD, i.e., social anxiety disorder, specific phobias, panic disorder) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Results showed that GAD exhibited disorder-specific altered volumes relative to FAD including decreased volumes in left insula and lateral/medial prefrontal cortex as well as increased right putamen volume. Both GAD and MDD showed decreased prefrontal volumes compared to controls and FAD. While FAD showed less robust alterations in lingual gyrus compared to controls, this group presented intact frontal integrity. No shared structural abnormalities were found. Our study is the first to provide meta-analytic evidence for distinct neuroanatomical abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of anxiety-, fear-related and depressive disorders. These findings may have implications for determining promising target regions for disorder-specific neuromodulation interventions (e.g. transcranial magnetic stimulation or neurofeedback).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqin Liu
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Benjamin Klugah-Brown
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Ran Zhang
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huafu Chen
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, P. R. China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, 200433 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731, Chengdu, P. R. China.
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Variation in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Cognitive Disorders in Unmedicated Middle-Aged Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:1623478. [PMID: 36105682 PMCID: PMC9467792 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1623478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Middle-aged (45-59 years old) patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have a predilection for dementia and cognitive disorders (CDs); however, the characteristics and mechanisms of CDs in these patients remain unclear. There are also known connections between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), brain biochemical metabolism, and cognitive function (CF); however, there is scanty of information about these connections in middle-aged MDD patients. Methods Cognitive assessment was performed on 30 first-episode, untreated middle-aged patients with MDD and 30 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho)/Cr ratios in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cerebellum were also obtained via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and the TSH level was measured by chemiluminescence analysis. Results MDD patients presented significantly lower processing speed, working memory, verbal learning, reasoning problem-solving, visual learning, and composite cognition scores than controls, with a statistically lower NAA/Cr ratio in the right cerebellum. Age was positively related to reasoning problem-solving in the MDD group (r = 0.6249, p = 0.0220). Education also showed a positive association with visual learning, social cognition, and composite cognition. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-24) score was negatively related to all domains of CF. TSH levels were markedly decreased in the MDD group, and a positive connection was determined between the NAA/Cr ratio in the right PFC and the TSH level. Conclusions Middle-aged MDD patients have multidimensional CDs. There are changes in PFC and cerebellar biochemical metabolism in middle-aged patients with MDD, which may be related to CDs or altered TSH levels.
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Li Y, Wang J, Yan X, Li H. Combined fractional anisotropy and subcortical volumetric deficits in patients with mild-to-moderate depression: Evidence from the treatment of antidepressant traditional Chinese medicine. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:959960. [PMID: 36081664 PMCID: PMC9448251 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.959960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that diverse brain structural plasticity could occur in a human brain during a depressive episode. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms of mild-to-moderate depression (MMD), especially the changes of brain structural characteristics after treatment with the Shuganjieyu capsule (SG), a kind of traditional Chinese medicine that has been recommended for the specialized treatment of MMD. In this study, we investigated the structural brain plasticity in MMD that have been undergoing 8 weeks of SG treatment compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) and assessed the relationship between these brain structural alternations and clinical symptoms in MMD. At the baseline, we found that: (1) fractional anisotropy (FA) values in patients with MMD were found to be significantly increased in the regions of anterior limb of internal capsule (ALIC) [MNI coordinates: Peak (x/y/z) = 102, 126, 77; MMD FApeak (Mean ± SD) = 0.621 ± 0.043; HCs FApeak (Mean ± SD) = 0.524 ± 0.052; MMD > HCs, t = 9.625, p < 0.001] and posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) [MNI coordinates: Peak (x/y/z) = 109, 117, 87; MMD FApeak (Mean ± SD) = 0.694 ± 0.042; HCs FApeak (Mean ± SD) = 0.581 ± 0.041; MMD > HCs, t = 12.90, p < 0.001], and FA values were significantly positively correlated with HAMD scores in patients with MMD. (2) Patients with MMD showed smaller gray matter volume (GMV) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), frontal cortex, occipital cortex, and precuneus, and the GMV of DLPFC was negatively correlated with HAMD scores. After SG treatment, we found that (1) the HAMD scores decreased; (2) FA values were significantly decreased in the regions of the ALIC and PLIC compared to those at baseline and TBSS revealed no significant differences in FA values between patients with MMD and HCs. (3) The structural characteristics of DLPFC in patients with MMD obtained at the 8th week were improved, e.g., no significant differences in GMV of DLPFC between the two groups. Taken together, our results provided neuroimaging evidence suggesting that SG is an effective treatment for patients with MMD. Moreover, alterations of GMV after 8 weeks of SG treatment indicated a potential modulation mechanism in brain structural plasticity within the DLPFC in patients with MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Hong Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Li
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9
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Wu Y, Zhong Y, Zheng G, Liu Y, Pang M, Xu H, Ding H, Wang C, Zhang N. Disrupted fronto-temporal function in panic disorder: a resting-state connectome study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:888-898. [PMID: 34668168 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies have identified alterations in activity and connectivity among many brain regions as potential biomarkers for panic disorder. However, the functional connectome of panic disorder is not well understood. Therefore, a graph-theoretical approach was applied in this study to construct functional networks of patients and healthy controls in order to discover topological changes in panic disorder. 31 patients and 33 age and sex matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Brain networks for each participant were structured using nodes from the Anatomical Automatic Labeling template and edges from connectivity matrices. Then, topological organizations of networks were calculated. Network-based statistical analysis was conducted, and global and nodal properties were compared between patients and controls. Unlike controls, patients with panic disorder displayed a small-world network. Patients also revealed decreased nodal efficiency in right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Decreased functional connectivity was found in panic disorder between right MTG and extensive temporal regions. Among these disrupted regions, the decreased nodal efficiency of SFG showed a positive correlation with clinical symptoms while nodal betweenness centrality in angular gyrus showed a negative correlation. Our results indicated decreased function of global and regional information transmission in panic disorder and emphasized the role of temporal regions in its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, PR China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manlong Pang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huazhen Xu
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huachen Ding
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China. .,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. .,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.264 Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Wang X, Cheng B, Wang S, Lu F, Luo Y, Long X, Kong D. Distinct grey matter volume alterations in adult patients with panic disorder and social anxiety disorder: A systematic review and voxel-based morphometry meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:805-823. [PMID: 33243552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The paradox of similar diagnostic criteria but potentially different neuropathologies in panic disorder (PD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) needs to be clarified. METHODS We performed a qualitative systematic review and a quantitative whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) meta-analysis with an anisotropic effect-size version of seed-based D mapping (AES-SDM) to explore whether the alterations of grey matter volume (GMV) in PD are similar to or different from those in SAD, together with potential confounding factors. RESULTS A total of thirty-one studies were eligible for inclusion, eighteen of which were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to the respective healthy controls (HC), qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed smaller cortical-subcortical GMVs in PD patients in brain areas including the prefrontal and temporal-parietal cortices, striatum, thalamus and brainstem, predominantly right-lateralized regions, and larger GMVs in the prefrontal and temporal-parietal-occipital cortices, and smaller striatum and thalamus in SAD patients. Quantitatively, the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) deficit was specifically implicated in PD patients, whereas left striatum-thalamus deficits were specific to SAD patients, without shared GMV alterations in both disorders. Sex, the severity of clinical symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity, and concomitant medication use were negatively correlated with smaller regional GMV alterations in PD patients. CONCLUSION PD and SAD may represent different anxiety sub-entities at the neuroanatomical phenotypes level, with different specific neurostructural deficits in the right IFG of PD patients, and the left striatum and thalamus of SAD patients. This combination of differences and specificities can potentially be used to guide the development of diagnostic biomarkers for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China.
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fengmei Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Ya Luo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xipeng Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Di Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610036, China
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11
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Zheng R, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Han S, Cheng J. Reduced Brain Gray Matter Volume in Patients With First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder: A Quantitative Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:671348. [PMID: 34276443 PMCID: PMC8282212 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.671348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The findings of many neuroimaging studies in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD), and even those of previous meta-analysis, are divergent. To quantitatively integrate these studies, we performed a meta-analysis of gray matter volumes using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search for relevant studies and traced the references up to May 1, 2021 to select the VBM studies between first-episode MDD and healthy controls (HC). A quantitative meta-analysis of VBM studies on first-episode MDD was performed using the Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI) method, which allows a familywise error rate (FWE) correction for multiple comparisons of the results. Meta-regression was used to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: Nineteen studies, with 22 datasets comprising 619 first-episode MDD and 707 HC, were included. The pooled and subgroup meta-analysis showed robust gray matter reductions in the left insula, the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus extending into the bilateral hippocampus, the right gyrus rectus extending into the right striatum, the right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral part), the left superior frontal gyrus (medial part) and the left superior parietal gyrus. Meta-regression analyses showed that higher HDRS scores were significantly more likely to present reduced gray matter volumes in the right amygdala, and the mean age of MDD patients in each study was negatively correlated with reduced gray matter in the left insula. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis revealed that structural abnormalities in the fronto-striatal-limbic and fronto-parietal networks are essential characteristics in first-episode MDD patients, which may become a potential target for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengui Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Won E, Kim YK. Neuroinflammation-Associated Alterations of the Brain as Potential Neural Biomarkers in Anxiety Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186546. [PMID: 32906843 PMCID: PMC7555994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced changes in the immune system, which lead to neuroinflammation and consequent brain alterations, have been suggested as possible neurobiological substrates of anxiety disorders, with previous literature predominantly focusing on panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder, among the anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders have frequently been associated with chronic stress, with chronically stressful situations being reported to precipitate the onset of anxiety disorders. Also, chronic stress has been reported to lead to hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system disruption, which may in turn induce systemic proinflammatory conditions. Preliminary evidence suggests anxiety disorders are also associated with increased inflammation. Systemic inflammation can access the brain, and enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine levels that have been shown to precipitate direct and indirect neurotoxic effects. Prefrontal and limbic structures are widely reported to be influenced by neuroinflammatory conditions. In concordance with these findings, various imaging studies on panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder have reported alterations in structure, function, and connectivity of prefrontal and limbic structures. Further research is needed on the use of inflammatory markers and brain imaging in the early diagnosis of anxiety disorders, along with the possible efficacy of anti-inflammatory interventions on the prevention and treatment of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Korea;
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-412-5140; Fax: +82-31-412-5144
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13
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Abstract
The neuroimaging has been applied in the study of pathophysiology in major depressive disorder (MDD). In this review article, several kinds of methodologies of neuroimaging would be discussed to summarize the promising biomarkers in MDD. For the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetoencephalography field, the literature review showed the potentially promising roles of frontal lobes, such as anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). In addition, the limbic regions, such as hippocampus and amygdala, might be the potentially promising biomarkers for MDD. The structures and functions of ACC, DLPFC, OFC, amygdala and hippocampus might be confirmed as the biomarkers for the prediction of antidepressant treatment responses and for the pathophysiology of MDD. The functions of cognitive control and emotion regulation of these regions might be crucial for the establishment of biomarkers. The near-infrared spectroscopy studies demonstrated that blood flow in the frontal lobe, such as the DLPFC and OFC, might be the biomarkers for the field of near-infrared spectroscopy. The electroencephalography also supported the promising role of frontal regions, such as the ACC, DLPFC and OFC in the biomarker exploration, especially for the sleep electroencephalogram to detect biomarkers in MDD. The positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in MDD demonstrated the promising biomarkers for the frontal and limbic regions, such as ACC, DLPFC and amygdala. However, additional findings in brainstem and midbrain were also found in PET and SPECT. The promising neuroimaging biomarkers of MDD seemed focused in the fronto-limbic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatry & Neuroscience Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Yeezen General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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14
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Lai CH. Major Depressive Disorder in Neuroimaging: What is Beyond Fronto-limbic Model? CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666181213155225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic illness with major manifestations
in cognitive, social and occupational functions. The pathophysiological model is an intrigue
issue for scientists to understand the origin of MDD.
Objective:
In the beginning, the cortico-limbic-striato-pallidal-thalamic model has been proposed to
link the clinical symptoms with the abnormalities in brain structure and function. However, the
model is still evolving due to recent advances in the neuroimaging techniques, especially for functional
magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The recent findings in the fMRI studies in MDD showed
the importance of fronto-limbic model for the modulations between cognitive function and primitive
and negative emotions.
Method:
This review will focus on the literature of fMRI studies in MDD with findings not in the
fronto-limbic structures.
Results:
Additional regions beyond the fronto-limbic model have been observed in some literature of
MDD. Some regions in the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes have been shown with the alterations
in gray matter, white matter and brain function. The importance of sensory detection, visuospatial function,
language reception, motor response and emotional memories in these regions might provide the
clues to understand the cognitive misinterpretations related to altered reception of outside information,
behavioral responses related to biased cognition and emotional memories and clinical symptoms related
to the significant alterations of interactions between different brain regions.
Conclusion:
Future studies to establish a more comprehensive model for MDD will be warranted,
especially for the model beyond the fronto-limbic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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15
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The neural markers of MRI to differentiate depression and panic disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 91:72-78. [PMID: 29705713 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Depression and panic disorder (PD) share the common pathophysiology from the perspectives of neurotransmitters. The relatively high comorbidity between depression and PD contributes to the substantial obstacles to differentiate from depression and PD, especially for the brain pathophysiology. There are significant differences in the diagnostic criteria between depression and PD. However, the paradox of similar pathophysiology and different diagnostic criteria in these two disorders were still the issues needing to be addressed. Therefore the clarification of potential difference in the field of neuroscience and pathophysiology between depression and PD can help the clinicians and scientists to understand more comprehensively about significant differences between depression and PD. The researchers should be curious about the underlying difference of pathophysiology beneath the significant distinction of clinical symptoms. In this review article, I tried to find some evidences for the differences between depression and PD, especially for neural markers revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The distinctions of structural and functional alterations in depression and PD are reviewed. From the structural perspectives, PD seems to have less severe gray matter alterations in frontal and temporal lobes than depression. The study of white matter microintegrity reveals more widespread alterations in fronto-limbic circuit of depression patients than PD patients, such as the uncinate fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation. PD might have a more restrictive pattern of structural alterations when compared to depression. For the functional perspectives, the core site of depression pathophysiology is the anterior subnetwork of resting-state network, such as anterior cingulate cortex, which is not significantly altered in PD. A possibly emerging pattern of fronto-limbic distinction between depression and PD has been revealed by these explorative reports. The future trend for machine learning and pattern recognition might confirm the differentiation pattern between depression and PD based on the explorative results.
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16
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Kunas SL, Yang Y, Straube B, Kircher T, Gerlach AL, Pfleiderer B, Arolt V, Wittmann A, Stroehle A, Wittchen HU, Lueken U. The impact of depressive comorbidity on neural plasticity following cognitive-behavioral therapy in panic disorder with agoraphobia. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:451-460. [PMID: 30428445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders are a frequent comorbidity of panic disorder with agoraphobia (PD/AG). Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for PD/AG effectively reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms, irrespective of comorbidities. However, as depressive comorbidities can confound fear circuitry activation (i.e. amygdalae, insulae, anterior cingulate cortex) in PD/AG, we investigated whether comorbid depressive disorders alter neural plasticity following CBT. METHODS Within a randomized, controlled clinical trial on exposure-based CBT, forty-two PD/AG patients including fifteen (35.7%) with a comorbid depressive disorder (PD/AG + DEP) participated in a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. A differential fear conditioning task was used as probe of interest. A generalized psycho-physiological interaction analysis (gPPI) served to study functional connectivity patterns. RESULTS After CBT, only PD/AG patients without comorbid depressive disorders (PD/AG-DEP) showed reduced activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) extending to the insula. While PD/AG-DEP patients showed enhanced functional connectivity (FC) between the left IFG and subcortical structures (anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus and midbrain), PD/AG + DEP patients exhibited increased FC between the left IFG and cortical structures (prefrontal, parietal regions). In both groups, FC decreased following CBT. LIMITATIONS Primary depressed and medicated patients were excluded. Major depression and dysthymia were collapsed. CONCLUSIONS Reduced activation in the left IFG, as previously shown in PD/AG, appears to be a specific substrate of CBT effects in PD/AG-DEP patients only. Differential patterns of FC pertaining to fear circuitry networks in patients without depression vs. cognitive networks in patients with comorbid depression may point towards different pathways recruited by CBT as a function of comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie L Kunas
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yunbo Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Bettina Pfleiderer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - André Wittmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Stroehle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Zhang S, Liu P, Feng T. To do it now or later: The cognitive mechanisms and neural substrates underlying procrastination. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2019; 10:e1492. [PMID: 30638308 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Procrastination, the voluntary and irrational delay of an intended course of action, has troubled individuals and society extensively. Various studies have been conducted to explain why people procrastinate and to explore the neural substrates of procrastination. First, research has identified many contributing factors to procrastination. Specifically, task aversiveness, future incentives, and time delay of these incentives have been confirmed as three prominent task characteristics that affect procrastination. On the other hand, self-control and impulsivity have been identified as two most predictive traits of procrastination. After identifying contributing factors, two important theories proposed to explain procrastination by integrating these factors are reviewed. Specifically, an emotion-regulation perspective regards procrastination as a form of self-regulation failure that reflects giving priority to short-term mood repair over achieving long-term goals. However, temporal motivation theory explains why people's motivation to act increases when time approaches a deadline with time discounting effect. To further specify the cognitive mechanism underlying procrastination, this study proposes a novel theoretical model which clarifies how the motivation to act and the motivation to avoid vary differently when delaying a task, explaining why people decide not to act now but are willing to act in the future. Of note, few recent studies have investigated neural correlates of procrastination. Specifically, it was revealed that individual differences in procrastination are correlated with structural abnormalities and altered spontaneous metabolism in the parahippocampal cortex and the prefrontal cortex, which might contribute to procrastination through episodic future thinking or memory and emotion regulation, respectively. This article is categorized under: Economics > Individual Decision Making Psychology > Theory and Methods Psychology > Emotion and Motivation Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunmin Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiwei Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Lai CH. Fear Network Model in Panic Disorder: The Past and the Future. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:16-26. [PMID: 30176707 PMCID: PMC6354036 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.05.04.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The core concept for pathophysiology in panic disorder (PD) is the fear network model (FNM). The alterations in FNM might be linked with disturbances in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is a common phenomenon in PD. The traditional FNM included the frontal and limbic regions, which were dysregulated in the feedback mechanism for cognitive control of frontal lobe over the primitive response of limbic system. The exaggerated responses of limbic system are also associated with dysregulation in the neurotransmitter system. The neuroimaging studies also corresponded to FNM concept. However, more extended areas of FNM have been discovered in recent imaging studies, such as sensory regions of occipital, parietal cortex and temporal cortex and insula. The insula might integrate the filtered sensory information via thalamus from the visuospatial and other sensory modalities related to occipital, parietal and temporal lobes. In this review article, the traditional and advanced FNM would be discussed. I would also focus on the current evidences of insula, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes in the pathophysiology. In addition, the white matter and functional connectome studies would be reviewed to support the concept of advanced FNM. An emerging dysregulation model of fronto-limbic-insula and temporooccipito-parietal areas might be revealed according to the combined results of recent neuroimaging studies. The future delineation of advanced FNM model can be beneficial from more extensive and advanced studies focusing on the additional sensory regions of occipital, parietal and temporal cortex to confirm the role of advanced FNM in the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Psychiatry & Neuroscience Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Yeezen General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Wu Y, Zhong Y, Ma Z, Lu X, Zhang N, Fox PT, Wang C. Gray matter changes in panic disorder: A voxel-based meta-analysis and meta-analytic connectivity modeling. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 282:82-89. [PMID: 30340800 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of panic disorder (PD) have discovered various damaged brain regions, with heterogeneous results across studies. The present study used meta-analytic approaches to discover gray matter (GM) changes consistently detected in PD and to characterize the functional and connectivity profiles of these regions. In the present study we first conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of eight eligible whole-brain VBM studies. Then, meta-analytic connectivity modeling analyses (MACMs) were used to provide co-atrophy and co-activation profiles across all the experiments stored in BrainMap. Lastly, the co-atrophied and co-activated regions were analyzed using functional decoding to reveal their functions. Lower gray matter volume was found in the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right insula, right superior temporal gyrus (STG), right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right superior orbital frontal cortex (OFC). Significant co-atrophies were found in the STG, DMPFC and OFC and co-activations were found between the left DLPFC and bilateral DMPFC. Decreased gray matter volume in STG, OFC, DLPFC and DMPFC and their co-atrophy and co-activation patterns indicate the damaged higher cognitive functions in PD and suggest that cortical regions are important structural imaging biomarkers in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peter T Fox
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; South Texas Veterans Healthcare System; University of Texas Health San Antonio, United States; Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, United States
| | - Chun Wang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Besteher B, Squarcina L, Spalthoff R, Bellani M, Gaser C, Nenadić I, Brambilla P. Subclinical Agoraphobia Symptoms and Regional Brain Volumes in Non-clinical Subjects: Between Compensation and Resilience? Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:541. [PMID: 30546323 PMCID: PMC6279873 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Symptoms of anxiety are present not only in panic disorder or other anxiety disorders, but are highly prevalent in the general population. Despite increasing biological research on anxiety disorders, there is little research on understanding subclinical or sub-threshold symptoms relating to anxiety in non-clinical community samples, which could give clues to factors relating to resilience or compensatory changes. Aims:This study focused on brain structural correlates of subclinical anxiety/agoraphobia symptoms from a multi-center imaging study. Methods: We obtained high-resolution structural T1 MRI scans of 409 healthy young participants and used the CAT12 toolbox for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. Subjects provided self-ratings of anxiety using the SCL-90-R, from which we used the phobia subscale, covering anxiety symptoms related to those of panic and agoraphobia spectrum. Results: We found significant (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected) correlations (mostly positive) of cortical volume with symptom severity, including the right lingual gyrus and calcarine sulcus, as well as left calcarine sulcus, superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri. Uncorrected exploratory analysis also revealed positive correlations with GMV in orbitofrontal cortex, precuneus, and insula. Conclusions: Our findings show brain structural associations of subclinical symptoms of anxiety, which overlap with those seen in panic disorder or agoraphobia. This is consistent with a dimensional model of anxiety, which is reflected not only functionally but also on the structural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Robert Spalthoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMMB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
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21
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Lai CH, Wu YT, Hou YM. Functional network-based statistics in depression: Theory of mind subnetwork and importance of parietal region. J Affect Disord 2017; 217:132-137. [PMID: 28407556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The functional network analysis of whole brain is an emerging field for research in depression. We initiated this study to investigate which subnetwork is significantly altered within the functional connectome in major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS The study enrolled 52 first-episode medication-naïve patients with MDD and 40 controls for functional network analysis. All participants received the resting-state functional imaging using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanner. After preprocessing, we calculated the connectivity matrix of functional connectivity in whole brain for each subject. The network-based statistics of connectome was used to perform group comparisons between patients and controls. The correlations between functional connectivity and clinical parameters were also performed. RESULTS MDD patients had significant alterations in the network involving "theory of mind" regions, such as the left precentral gyrus, left angular gyrus, bilateral rolandic operculums and left inferior frontal gyrus. The center node of significant network was the left angular gyrus. No significant correlations of functional connectivity within the subnetwork and clinical parameters were noted. CONCLUSION Functional connectivity of "theory of mind" subnetwork may be the core issue for pathophysiology in MDD. In addition, the center role of parietal region should be emphasized in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuh-Ming Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan, ROC
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22
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Han KM, Won E, Sim Y, Kang J, Han C, Kim YK, Kim SH, Joe SH, Lee MS, Tae WS, Ham BJ. Influence of FKBP5 polymorphism and DNA methylation on structural changes of the brain in major depressive disorder. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42621. [PMID: 28198448 PMCID: PMC5309810 DOI: 10.1038/srep42621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism of rs1360780 in the FKBP5 gene is associated with a predisposition to developing major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated the interactive effects of FKBP5 rs1360780 allelic variants, DNA methylation, and the diagnosis of MDD on structural changes of the entire brain. One hundred and fourteen patients with MDD and eighty-eight healthy controls underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging and FKBP5 rs1360780 genotyping, including DNA methylation of intron 7. We analyzed the volume of cortical and subcortical regions and cortical thickness using FreeSurfer. Significant genotype-by-diagnosis interactions were observed for volumes of the left pars triangularis, supramarginal gyrus, superior parietal lobule, right frontomarginal, and posterior midcingulate gyrus. The T allele was associated with significant volume reductions in these brain regions only in the MDD group except for the right posterior midcingulate gyrus. FKBP5 DNA methylation showed a positive correlation with the thickness of the right transverse frontopolar gyrus in the C allele homozygote group. Our findings suggest that the FKBP5 gene and its epigenetic changes could have influence on morphologic changes of several brain regions involved in emotion regulation, and that this process may be associated with the development of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbo Sim
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Haeng Joe
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Lai CH, Wu YT. The changes in the low-frequency fluctuations of cingulate cortex and postcentral gyrus in the treatment of panic disorder: The MRI study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2016; 17:58-65. [PMID: 25789962 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1017604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The default brain activities in the treatment of panic disorder (PD) have not been studied well. Therefore we designed this longitudinal study to survey the accompanying changes in the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) when panic disorder (PD) patients achieved remission. METHODS We enrolled 21 medicine-naive patients who finished a 6-week therapy of antidepressant. The trial antidepressant was escitalopram. The acquisitions of fALFF in the patients and controls were assessed at baseline and the sixth week. The treatment-related effects and group-related differences (baseline versus sixth week) were obtained by the comparisons of the fALFF data of each group. RESULTS The treatment-related effects showed increases in the fALFF values of the right middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and left postcentral gyrus (PCG) after remission in PD patients. The improvements in panic severity and antidepressant dose also correlated positively with the increases in the fALFF values of the right middle cingulate cortex. There were still residual group-related differences of fALFF in the occipital lobe and thalamus after remission. CONCLUSIONS The results probably revealed the treatment-related effects of fALFF in the MCC-PCG regions and group-related differences of fALFF in the occipito-thalamic regions for the antidepressant treatment and remission in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- a Department of Psychiatry , Cheng Hsin General Hospital , Taipei City , Taiwan , ROC.,b Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- b Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan , ROC.,c Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan , ROC.,d Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan , ROC
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24
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Lai CH, Wu YT, Chen CY, Hou YC. Gray matter increases in fronto-parietal regions of depression patients with aripiprazole monotherapy: An exploratory study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4654. [PMID: 27559967 PMCID: PMC5400334 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the treatment effects of aripiprazole monotherapy in first-episode medication-naïve patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The accompanying changes in the gray matter volume (GMV) were also explored.Fifteen patients completed the trial and received structural scans by 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and partially responding state (sixth week). To account for the test-retest bias, 27 healthy controls were scanned twice within 6 weeks. We utilized optimized voxel-based morphometry with different comparisons between groups.The partially responding patients with MDD had greater GMV in left middle frontal gyrus and left superior parietal gyrus when compared with baseline. However, they had decreases in the GMV of right orbitofrontal gyrus and right inferior temporal gyrus after response. The partially responding patients with MDD still had residual GMV deficits in right superior frontal gyrus when compared with controls. However, the lack of second patient group without aripiprazole intervention would be a significant limitation to interpret the aripiprazole-specific effects on GMV.The changes in the GMV of fronto-parieto-temporal regions and residual GMV deficits in the superior frontal gyrus might represent "state-dependent brain changes" and "residual-deficit brain regions," respectively, for aripiprzole monotherapy in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Hospital
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences
- Institute of Biophotonics
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences
- Institute of Biophotonics
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
- Correspondence: Yu-Te Wu, Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112 Taiwan, Taiwan, ROC. (e-mail: )
| | - Cheng-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation
| | - Yi-Cheng Hou
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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25
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Yoon S, Kim JE, Kim GH, Kang HJ, Kim BR, Jeon S, Im JJ, Hyun H, Moon S, Lim SM, Lyoo IK. Subregional Shape Alterations in the Amygdala in Patients with Panic Disorder. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157856. [PMID: 27336300 PMCID: PMC4919046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amygdala has been known to play a pivotal role in mediating fear-related responses including panic attacks. Given the functionally distinct role of the amygdalar subregions, morphometric measurements of the amygdala may point to the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying panic disorder. The current study aimed to determine the global and local morphometric alterations of the amygdala related to panic disorder. METHODS Volumetric and surface-based morphometric approach to high-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted images was used to examine the structural variations of the amygdala, with respect to extent and location, in 23 patients with panic disorder and 31 matched healthy individuals. RESULTS There were no significant differences in bilateral amygdalar volumes between patients with panic disorder and healthy individuals despite a trend-level right amygdalar volume reduction related to panic disorder (right, β = -0.23, p = 0.09, Cohen's d = 0.51; left, β = -0.18, p = 0.19, Cohen's d = 0.45). Amygdalar subregions were localized into three groups including the superficial, centromedial, and laterobasal groups based on the cytoarchitectonically defined probability map. Surface-based morphometric analysis revealed shape alterations in the laterobasal and centromedial groups of the right amygdala in patients with panic disorder (false discovery rate corrected p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that subregion-specific shape alterations in the right amygdala may be involved in the development and maintenance of panic disorder, which may be attributed to the cause or effects of amygdalar hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Yoon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jieun E. Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geon Ha Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kang
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bori R. Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saerom Jeon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyeon Jamie Im
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heejung Hyun
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sohyeon Moon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Mee Lim
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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26
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Lai CH, Wu YT. The Explorative Analysis to Revise Fear Network Model for Panic Disorder: Functional Connectome Statistics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3597. [PMID: 27149492 PMCID: PMC4863809 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional connectome analysis in panic disorder (PDO) is a relatively new field for research. We tried to investigate the functional connectome alterations in PDO to re-examine the precision and role of fear network model for the pathophysiology of PDO.We enrolled 53 PDO patients and 54 controls with imaging data in this study. After preprocessing, we calculated the connectivity matrix of functional connectivity in whole brain for each subject. Then network-based statistics (The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Australia) of connectome was used to perform group comparisons between patients and controls. The correlation between network measures of significant subnetwork and illness duration or severity of PDO was also performed.Within the 6 network models, only 1 network survived after multiple corrections. We found decreased functional connectivity in the edges between the following nodes: the left parahippocampal gyrus, bilateral precentral gyri, bilateral middle cingulate gyri, bilateral supramarginal gyri, bilateral calcarine fissures, and right lingual gyrus. The central hubs were the left parahippocampal gyrus and left precentral gyrus. The importance of limbic areas and connection with sensory and motor regions might shed light on the revision of fear network model for the pathophysiology of PDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- From the Department of Psychiatry (C-HL), Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (C-HL, Y-TW); Institute of Biophotonics (C-HL, Y-TW); and Brain Research Center (Y-TW), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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27
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Zhang M, Ma C, Luo Y, Li J, Li Q, Liu Y, Ding C, Qiu J. Neural basis of uncertain cue processing in trait anxiety. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21298. [PMID: 26892030 PMCID: PMC4759544 DOI: 10.1038/srep21298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with high trait anxiety form a non-clinical group with a predisposition for an anxiety-related bias in emotional and cognitive processing that is considered by some to be a prerequisite for psychiatric disorders. Anxious individuals tend to experience more worry under uncertainty, and processing uncertain information is an important, but often overlooked factor in anxiety. So, we decided to explore the brain correlates of processing uncertain information in individuals with high trait anxiety using the learn-test paradigm. Behaviorally, the percentages on memory test and the likelihood ratios of identifying novel stimuli under uncertainty were similar to the certain fear condition, but different from the certain neutral condition. The brain results showed that the visual cortex, bilateral fusiform gyrus, and right parahippocampal gyrus were active during the processing of uncertain cues. Moreover, we found that trait anxiety was positively correlated with the BOLD signal of the right parahippocampal gyrus during the processing of uncertain cues. No significant results were found in the amygdala during uncertain cue processing. These results suggest that memory retrieval is associated with uncertain cue processing, which is underpinned by over-activation of the right parahippocampal gyrus, in individuals with high trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453003, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yanyan Luo
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453003, China
| | - Ji Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, 100 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610-0256, USA
| | - Cody Ding
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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28
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Zhang H, Li L, Wu M, Chen Z, Hu X, Chen Y, Zhu H, Jia Z, Gong Q. Brain gray matter alterations in first episodes of depression: A meta-analysis of whole-brain studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 60:43-50. [PMID: 26592799 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Though numerous studies have implicated structural abnormalities in chronically depressive patients, relatively little attention has been paid to the brain alterations in patients experiencing first episode depression (FED). The investigation of FED is important for elucidating the core pathophysiology of this disease independent of other potentially confounding factors. The present study was to provide a quantitative voxelwise meta-analysis of gray matter (GM) changes in FED using effect-size signed differential mapping (ES-SDM). The pooled meta-analysis revealed GM reductions in the right supplementary motor area, left insula, and right middle temporal gyrus in FED patients compared with the healthy controls. No GM volume increases were found. The meta-regression analyses showed that studies including patients with higher HDRS scores were significantly more likely to present reduced GM volumes in the right amygdala. This meta-analysis indicates that FED patients have significantly and robustly reduced gray matter mainly associated with emotion regulation and sensorimotor areas alterations may be specific changes in early stage of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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29
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Lai CH, Wu YT. The gray matter alterations in major depressive disorder and panic disorder: Putative differences in the pathogenesis. J Affect Disord 2015. [PMID: 26208214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This is a comprehensive study to establish a diagnosis-specific gray matter deficit model for major depressive disorder (MDD) and panic disorder (PD). METHOD We enrolled 53 patients with first-episode medication-naïve PD, 54 healthy controls and 53 patients with first-episode medication-naïve MDD in this study. They were age, handedness and gender matched. All participating subjects all received baseline structural scanning by the 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanner. The optimized voxel-based morphometry was performed on the 3 groups of subjects and the ANOVA analysis was used to estimate the inter-group gray matter differences between each group. RESULTS The PD group had higher gray matter volume than MDD group in the right medial frontal cortex and right temporal gyrus. The PD group had gray matter reductions in the right inferior frontal gyrus and right insula. The MDD group had gray matter reductions in bilateral medial frontal cortex, right superior frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and bilateral cerebellums. CONCLUSION The gray matter alterations of fronto-insula and fronto-temporo-cerebellum regions probably would be specific for PD and MDD respectively. In addition, the differences of gray matter volume in the fronto-temporal regions would be helpful to differentiate MDD from PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Guo W, Liu F, Xiao C, Zhang Z, Liu J, Yu M, Zhang J, Zhao J. Decreased insular connectivity in drug-naive major depressive disorder at rest. J Affect Disord 2015; 179:31-7. [PMID: 25845747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insula has extensive links to the fronto-limbic circuit and associated regions, which is involved in the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, few studies are designed to examine the insular connectivity in MDD. This study was performed to examine the insular connectivity in drug-naive MDD directly by using the insular cortices as seeds. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from 44 drug-naive MDD patients and 44 healthy controls at rest. The functional connectivity (FC) method was used to analyze the images. RESULTS Significantly decreased FCs were found between the right insula and the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG, orbital part), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), right putamen, and right middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and between the left insula and the left superior temporal pole and right MOG in the patients compared with the controls. There were significantly negative correlations between the z values of the left insula-left superior temporal pole connectivity and the current episode duration (r=-0.332, p=0.028), between the z values of the right insula-left STG connectivity and the episode number (r=-0.343, p=0.023), and between the z values of the right insula-left MFG (orbital part) connectivity and the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire scores (r=-0.359, p=0.017) in the patients. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal that depressed patients have decreased insular connectivity with the fronto-limbic circuit, hate circuit, and visual regions, and suggest that the insula may act as an integration center of emotional processing which is disrupted in the depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Guo
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Changqing Xiao
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianrong Liu
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Miaoyu Yu
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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Jiang W, Gong G, Wu F, Kong L, Chen K, Cui W, Ren L, Fan G, Sun W, Ma H, Xu K, Tang Y, Wang F. The papez circuit in first-episode, treatment-naive adults with major depressive disorder: combined atlas-based tract-specific quantification analysis and voxel-based analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126673. [PMID: 25996480 PMCID: PMC4440648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous findings suggest that the Papez Circuit may have a role in major depressive disorders. We used atlas-based tract-specific quantification analysis and voxel-based analysis to examine the integrity of white matter tracts involved in mood regulation (including tracts in the Papez Circuit). Diffusion tensor imaging acquired from 35 first-episode, treatment-naive adults with major depressive disorders and 34 healthy adult controls were compared. Our statistical approach compared structural integrity of 11 major white matter tracts between the major depressive disorder and adult controls, as well as illness duration influence in patients. Fractional anisotropy was decreased in the hippocampal cingulum and in the anterior thalamic radiation according to both analytical approaches, all of which were important tracts included in the Papez Circuit. Our results support the role of the Papez Circuit in major depressive disorders with the minimal probability of false positive due to similar findings in both analyses that have complementary advantages. Dysfunction of the Papez Circuit may be a potential marker for studying the pathogenesis of major depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Radiology, The Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Gaolang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Kaiyuan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wenhui Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ling Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Guoguang Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Wenge Sun
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- * E-mail: (KX); (YT)
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- * E-mail: (KX); (YT)
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, PR China
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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Lai CH, Wu YT. The patterns of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in depression patients: the dissociation between temporal regions and fronto-parietal regions. J Affect Disord 2015; 175:441-5. [PMID: 25679198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study surveyed the characteristics of the indicator for the fluctuations of default brain activity, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), in patients with pure major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS Forty-four patients with MDD and 27 normal controls were enrolled in our study. All the participants received the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans, which were pre-processed by the REST toolbox (resting-state functional MRI data analysis toolbox). The group-related differences of the fALFF between patients and controls were explored by performing comparisons of the fALFF values obtained from rs-fMRI data. The fALFF outputs of patients and controls were compared with global brain volume, age and gender as covariates. In addition, the correlations between the clinical variables (such as depression severity, anxiety severity, illness duration) and fALFF values were also estimated in each group and across both groups. RESULTS The patients with MDD had significantly higher fALFF values than the controls, for the left temporal subgyral region. In the contrary, the patients had lower values of fALFF than controls, for the right frontal subcallosal gyrus and right parietal postcentral gyrus. In addition, the fALFF values were negatively correlated with the depression severity in the left temporal subgyral region. CONCLUSION MDD patients had dissociable alterations in the fALFF values of the fronto-parietal and temporal regions. The pattern of fALFF alterations might be unique for depression patients with later onset-age of young adult phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Decreased inter-hemispheric connectivity in anterior sub-network of default mode network and cerebellum: significant findings in major depressive disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 17:1935-42. [PMID: 25116002 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145714000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of inter-hemispheric connectivity is an emerging new area in understanding the pathophysiology of depression. This study was designed to analyse the pattern of inter-hemispheric connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RFMRI) was acquired in all enrolled patients and controls. We used a method of voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) to estimate the significant differences in inter-hemispheric connectivity between 44 patients with first-episode medication-naïve MDD and 27 normal controls. The patients and controls were matched for age and gender. The patients with first-episode medication-naïve MDD showed lower VMHC than normal controls in bilateral medial frontal cortex, anterior cingulate and cerebellar posterior lobe. The strength of inter-hemispheric connectivity VMHC value was negatively correlated with clinical severity of MDD. From the results, we suggested that decreased inter-hemispheric connectivity in the anterior sub-network of the default mode network and the cerebellar posterior lobe might represent an emerging finding in the pathophysiology for MDD.
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Su L, Cai Y, Xu Y, Dutt A, Shi S, Bramon E. Cerebral metabolism in major depressive disorder: a voxel-based meta-analysis of positron emission tomography studies. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:321. [PMID: 25407081 PMCID: PMC4240898 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-014-0321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness with high lifetime prevalence close to 20%. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies have reported decreased prefrontal, insular and limbic cerebral glucose metabolism in depressed patients compared with healthy controls. However, the literature has not always been consistent. To evaluate current evidence from PET studies, we conducted a voxel-based meta-analysis of cerebral metabolism in MDD. METHOD Data were collected from databases including PubMed and Web of Science, with the last report up to April 2013. Voxel-based meta-analyses were performed using the revised activation likelihood estimation (ALE) software. RESULTS Ten whole-brain-based FDG-PET studies in MDD were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 188 MDD patients and 169 healthy controls. ALE analyses showed the brain metabolism in bilateral insula, left lentiform nucleus putamen and extra-nuclear, right caudate and cingulate gyrus were significantly decreased. However, the brain activity in right thalamus pulvinar and declive of posterior lobe, left culmen of vermis in anterior lobe were significantly increased in MDD patients. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis demonstrates the specific brain regions where possible dysfunctions are more consistently reported in MDD patients. Altered metabolism in insula, limbic system, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum and thus these regions are likely to play a key role in the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Psychosis studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Yiyun Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Anirban Dutt
- Department of Psychosis studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Shenxun Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, School of Medicine, No. 12 Wulumuqi Road (middle), Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Department of Psychosis studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK. .,Mental Health Sciences Unit & Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
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Zhao YJ, Du MY, Huang XQ, Lui S, Chen ZQ, Liu J, Luo Y, Wang XL, Kemp GJ, Gong QY. Brain grey matter abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2014; 44:2927-2937. [PMID: 25065859 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because cerebral morphological abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD) may be modulated by antidepressant treatment, inclusion of medicated patients may have biased previous meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies. A meta-analysis of VBM studies on medication-free MDD patients should be able to distinguish the morphological features of the disease itself from those of treatment. METHOD A systematic search was conducted for the relevant studies. Effect-size signed differential mapping was applied to analyse the grey matter differences between all medication-free MDD patients and healthy controls. Meta-regression was used to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics. RESULTS A total of 14 datasets comprising 400 medication-free MDD patients and 424 healthy controls met the inclusion criteria. The pooled meta-analysis and subgroup meta-analyses showed robustly reduced grey matter in prefrontal and limbic regions in MDD. Increased right thalamus volume was only seen in first-episode medication-naive patients, and increased grey matter in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex only in medication wash-out patients. In meta-regression analyses the percentage of female patients in each study was negatively correlated with reduced grey matter in the right hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS By excluding interference from medication effects, the present study identified grey matter reduction in the prefrontal-limbic network in MDD. The subgroup meta-analysis results suggest that an increased right thalamus volume might be a trait directly related to MDD, while an increased anterior cingulate cortex volume might be an effect of medication. The meta-regression results perhaps reveal the structural underpinning of the sex differences in epidemiological and clinical aspects of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Zhao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - M-Y Du
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - X-Q Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - S Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - Z-Q Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - J Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - Y Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - X-L Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
| | - G J Kemp
- Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre (MARIARC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease,University of Liverpool,Liverpool,UK
| | - Q-Y Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,People's Republic of China
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Lai CH, Wu YT. The alterations in inter-hemispheric functional coordination of patients with panic disorder: the findings in the posterior sub-network of default mode network. J Affect Disord 2014; 166:279-84. [PMID: 25012442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) has been studied in several neuropsychiatric illnesses. The inter-hemispheric interactions probably could explain the important aspects for the pathophysiology of panic disorder (PD). Therefore, we initiated this study to estimate the differences in VMHC values between the PD patients and controls. METHODS Thirty first-episode medication-naïve patients with PD and 21 controls were enrolled with age and gender controlled. All the participants received the scanning of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-FMRI). The R-FMRI images were preprocessed and analyzed to obtain the VMHC values. The two-sample t test of VMHC data between PD patients and controls was performed. We also explored the relationship between the VMHC values and clinical characteristics. RESULTS The controls had significantly higher VMHC values than patients in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus (false discovery rate corrected p<0.005). The one-sided results by the unilateral hemisphere mask also confirmed that the results were indeed found in the right hemisphere. The VMHC value in the posterior cingulate cortex was also negatively correlated with panic severity. CONCLUSION The alterations of inter-hemispheric coordination in cingulate-precuneus may play a role in the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Te Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Johnson PL, Federici LM, Shekhar A. Etiology, triggers and neurochemical circuits associated with unexpected, expected, and laboratory-induced panic attacks. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 3:429-54. [PMID: 25130976 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) is a severe anxiety disorder that is characterized by recurrent panic attacks (PA), which can be unexpected (uPA, i.e., no clear identifiable trigger) or expected (ePA). Panic typically involves an abrupt feeling of catastrophic fear or distress accompanied by physiological symptoms such as palpitations, racing heart, thermal sensations, and sweating. Recurrent uPA and ePA can also lead to agoraphobia, where subjects with PD avoid situations that were associated with PA. Here we will review recent developments in our understanding of PD, which includes discussions on: symptoms and signs associated with uPA and ePAs; Diagnosis of PD and the new DSM-V; biological etiology such as heritability and gene×environment and gene×hormonal development interactions; comparisons between laboratory and naturally occurring uPAs and ePAs; neurochemical systems that are associated with clinical PAs (e.g. gene associations; targets for triggering or treating PAs), adaptive fear and panic response concepts in the context of new NIH RDoc approach; and finally strengths and weaknesses of translational animal models of adaptive and pathological panic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L Johnson
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Lauren M Federici
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Anantha Shekhar
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Insular and hippocampal gray matter volume reductions in patients with major depressive disorder. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102692. [PMID: 25051163 PMCID: PMC4106847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder is a serious psychiatric illness with a highly variable and heterogeneous clinical course. Due to the lack of consistent data from previous studies, the study of morphometric changes in major depressive disorder is still a major point of research requiring additional studies. The aim of the study presented here was to characterize and quantify regional gray matter abnormalities in a large sample of clinically well-characterized patients with major depressive disorder. Methods For this study one-hundred thirty two patients with major depressive disorder and 132 age- and gender-matched healthy control participants were included, 35 with their first episode and 97 with recurrent depression. To analyse gray matter abnormalities, voxel-based morphometry (VBM8) was employed on T1 weighted MRI data. We performed whole-brain analyses as well as a region-of-interest approach on the hippocampal formation, anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala, correlating the number of depressive episodes. Results Compared to healthy control persons, patients showed a strong gray-matter reduction in the right anterior insula. In addition, region-of-interest analyses revealed significant gray-matter reductions in the hippocampal formation. The observed alterations were more severe in patients with recurrent depressive episodes than in patients with a first episode. The number of depressive episodes was negatively correlated with gray-matter volume in the right hippocampus and right amygdala. Conclusions The anterior insula gray matter structure appears to be strongly affected in major depressive disorder and might play an important role in the neurobiology of depression. The hippocampal and amygdala volume loss cumulating with the number of episodes might be explained either by repeated neurotoxic stress or alternatively by higher relapse rates in patients showing hippocampal atrophy.
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Atkinson L, Sankar A, Adams TM, Fu CHY. Recent Advances in Neuroimaging of Mood Disorders: Structural and Functional Neural Correlates of Depression, Changes with Therapy, and Potential for Clinical Biomarkers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40501-014-0022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Adjamian P, Hall DA, Palmer AR, Allan TW, Langers DRM. Neuroanatomical abnormalities in chronic tinnitus in the human brain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 45:119-33. [PMID: 24892904 PMCID: PMC4148481 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We review brain anatomical studies of tinnitus. We evaluate the “gating mechanism” in light of the evidence from these studies. We discuss the results and the possible causes of disparity between findings. Overall, the evidence for structural abnormalities in tinnitus is unconvincing. We identify methodological concerns and suggest strategies for future research.
In this paper, we review studies that have investigated brain morphology in chronic tinnitus in order to better understand the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder. Current consensus is that tinnitus is a disorder involving a distributed network of peripheral and central pathways in the nervous system. However, the precise mechanism remains elusive and it is unclear which structures are involved. Given that brain structure and function are highly related, identification of anatomical differences may shed light upon the mechanism of tinnitus generation and maintenance. We discuss anatomical changes in the auditory cortex, the limbic system, and prefrontal cortex, among others. Specifically, we discuss the gating mechanism of tinnitus and evaluate the evidence in support of the model from studies of brain anatomy. Although individual studies claim significant effects related to tinnitus, outcomes are divergent and even contradictory across studies. Moreover, results are often confounded by the presence of hearing loss. We conclude that, at present, the overall evidence for structural abnormalities specifically related to tinnitus is poor. As this area of research is expanding, we identify some key considerations for research design and propose strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Adjamian
- MRC Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Deborah A Hall
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R Palmer
- MRC Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas W Allan
- MRC Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Dave R M Langers
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal brain pH has been suggested to play a critical role in panic disorder. To investigate this possibility, we employed a pH-sensitive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging strategy (T1 relaxation in the rotating frame [T1ρ]) and conventional blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging. METHODS Thirteen panic disorder participants and 13 matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. T1ρ and BOLD were used to study the functional response to a visual flashing checkerboard and their relationship to panic symptoms assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS In response to visual stimulation, T1ρ imaging revealed a significantly greater increase in the visual cortex of panic disorder participants. T1ρ also detected a stimulus-evoked decrease in the anterior cingulate cortex. Blood oxygen level-dependent imaging detected no functional differences between groups. The correspondence between panic symptoms and functional T1ρ response identified significant relationships within the left inferior parietal lobe, left middle temporal gyrus, and right insula. No relationships were found between panic symptoms and the BOLD signal. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest greater activity-evoked T1ρ changes in the visual cortex and anterior cingulate cortex of panic disorder participants. These observations are consistent with a pH dysregulation in panic disorder. In addition, our data suggest that T1ρ imaging may provide information about panic disorder that is distinct from conventional BOLD imaging and may reflect abnormalities in pH and/or brain metabolism.
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Frontal-insula gray matter deficits in first-episode medication-naïve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2014; 160:74-9. [PMID: 24445133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is designed to investigate the gray matter volume (GMV) deficits in patients with first-episode medication-naïve major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS We enrolled 38 patients with first-episode medication-naïve MDD and 27 controls in this project. Voxel-based morphometry was used to compare GMV differences between two groups. Besides, the relationship between GMV of patients and the severity of clinical symptoms was estimated to confirm the role of GMV deficits in clinical symptoms. The correlation between total GMV and illness duration was also performed to elucidate the impacts of untreated duration on the GMV. RESULTS We found that first-episode medication-naïve MDD patients had significant GMV deficits in bilateral superior frontal gyri, left middle frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus and left insula. The GMV of patient group was negatively correlated with the severity of clinical symptoms and the illness duration. CONCLUSION A pattern of GMV deficits in fronto-insula might represent the biomarker for first-episode medication-naïve MDD.
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Shang J, Fu Y, Ren Z, Zhang T, Du M, Gong Q, Lui S, Zhang W. The common traits of the ACC and PFC in anxiety disorders in the DSM-5: meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93432. [PMID: 24676455 PMCID: PMC3968149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The core domains of social anxiety disorder (SAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) with and without agoraphobia (GA), and specific phobia (SP) are cognitive and physical symptoms that are related to the experience of fear and anxiety. It remains unclear whether these highly comorbid conditions that constitute the anxiety disorder subgroups of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders – Fifth Edition (DSM-5) represent distinct disorders or alternative presentations of a single underlying pathology. Methods A systematic search of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies of SAD, GAD, PD, GA, and SP was performed with an effect-size signed differential mapping (ES-SDM) meta-analysis to estimate the clusters of significant gray matter differences between patients and controls. Results Twenty-four studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Reductions in the right anterior cingulate gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus gray matter volumes (GMVs) were noted in patients with anxiety disorders when potential confounders, such as comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD), age, and antidepressant use were controlled for. We also demonstrated increased GMVs in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in comorbid depression-anxiety (CDA), drug-naïve and adult patients. Furthermore, we identified a reduced left middle temporal gyrus and right precentral gyrus in anxiety patients without comorbid MDD. Conclusion Our findings indicate that a reduced volume of the right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus is common in anxiety disorders and is independent of comorbid depression, medication use, and age. This generic effect supports the notion that the four types of anxiety disorders have a clear degree of overlap that may reflect shared etiological mechanisms. The results are consistent with neuroanatomical DLPFC models of physiological responses, such as worry and fear, and the importance of the ventral anterior cingulate (ACC)/medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in mediating anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shang
- Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchuan Fu
- Radiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjia Ren
- Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingying Du
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Lui
- Radiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (SL)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (SL)
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Arnone D, McKie S, Elliott R, Juhasz G, Thomas EJ, Downey D, Williams S, Deakin JFW, Anderson IM. State-dependent changes in hippocampal grey matter in depression. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:1265-72. [PMID: 23128153 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced hippocampal volume has been reported in depression and may be involved in the aetiology of depressive symptoms and vulnerability to depressive relapse. Neuroplasticity following antidepressant drug treatment in the hippocampus has been demonstrated in animal models but adaptive changes after such treatment have not been shown in humans. In this study, we determined whether grey matter loss in the hippocampus in depression (1) is present in medication-free depressed (2) changes in response to antidepressant treatment and (3) is present as a stable trait in medication-free remitted patients. Sixty-four medication-free unipolar depressed patients: 39 currently depressed and 25 in remission, and 66 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging in a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. Thirty-two currently depressed participants were then treated with the antidepressant citalopram for 8 weeks. Adherence to treatment was evaluated by measuring plasma citalopram concentration. We measured regional variation in grey matter concentration by using voxel-based morphometry-Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie algebra. Patients with current depression had bilaterally reduced grey matter in the hippocampus compared with HC and untreated patients in stable remission with the latter groups not differing. An increase in grey matter was observed in the hippocampus following treatment with citalopram in currently depressed patients. Grey matter reduction in the hippocampus appears specific to the depressed state and is a potential biomarker for a depressive episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arnone
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Yoon S, Jun CS, Jeong HS, Lee S, Lim SM, Ma J, Ko E, Cho HB, Yeum TS, Lyoo IK. Altered cortical gyrification patterns in panic disorder: deficits and potential compensation. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47:1446-54. [PMID: 23871448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal gyrification patterns may reflect aberrant cortical connectivity during an early period of brain maturation. We here investigated anatomical distribution of cortical gyrification deficits underlying panic disorder and the relationships of these potential neurodevelopmental markers with panic symptom severity. High-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted structural images were obtained from 23 patients with panic disorder and 33 matched healthy individuals. Local gyrification indices were measured in each genetically-based parcellated cortical subregion and regional gyrification patterns were compared between groups. Cortical areas in which gyrification patterns were associated with panic symptom severity were also determined. Significant reductions in cortical gyrification were observed in panic patients compared with healthy individuals, which were mainly distributed in the lateral brain extending from the fronto-parietal to the temporal areas. In contrast, hyper-gyrification in the posteromedial cortical regions which exert interconnecting roles in the default mode network, was associated with less severe panic symptoms. Post-hoc analysis for the inter-regional covariance of local gyrification indices revealed that interconnections of the posteromedial cortical regions with other cortical areas which belong to the default mode network were reduced in panic patients with severe symptoms relative to either less severe patients or healthy individuals. Our findings suggest not only substantial perturbation in cortical gyrification patterns in panic disorder but also potential contribution of integrated cortical folding pattern of the default mode network to alleviated panic severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Lai CH, Wu YT, Yu PL, Yuan W. Improvements in white matter micro-structural integrity of right uncinate fasciculus and left fronto-occipital fasciculus of remitted first-episode medication-naïve panic disorder patients. J Affect Disord 2013; 150:330-6. [PMID: 23680435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We designed this study to investigate neural correlates of white matter micro-structural integrity of remitted patients with first-episode, medication-naïve and very late-onset panic disorder. METHOD Twenty-one remitted patients with panic disorder completed treatment course with treatment of escitalopram (dose range around 10-15 mg/d). Twenty-one healthy controls were also enrolled into this study. Patients and controls all received 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging scanning at baseline and 6th week. We utilized FDT (FMRIB's Diffusion Toolbox v2.0) function of FSL (FMRIB Software Library) to calculate fractional anisotropy (FA). We compared FA values of patients and controls at baseline and 6th week to estimate the changes of FA of remitted patient group and inter-scan bias of controls. FA outputs of remitted patients and controls were compared by independent t test. RESULTS We found increased FA in some regions of right uncinate fasciculus and left fronoto-occipital fasciculus after remission in patient group (corrected p<0.05). Reduced FA of other regions of right uncinate fasciculus was still observed in remitted patients when they were compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Subtle changes of white matter micro-structural integrity after remission might represent neural correlates of treatment effects for first-episode, medication-naïve and very late-onset panic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, No. 45, Cheng Hsin St., Pai-Tou Destrict, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.
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Na KS, Ham BJ, Lee MS, Kim L, Kim YK, Lee HJ, Yoon HK. Decreased gray matter volume of the medial orbitofrontal cortex in panic disorder with agoraphobia: a preliminary study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 45:195-200. [PMID: 23628432 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) have clinical symptoms such as the fear of being outside or of open spaces from which escape would be difficult. Although recent neurobiological studies have suggested that fear conditioning and extinction are associated with PDA, no study has examined the possible structural abnormalities in patients with PDA. METHODS This preliminary study compares the gray matter volume among patients with PDA, those with panic disorder without agoraphobia (PDW), and healthy controls (HC) using high-resolution 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS Compared with HC, patients with PDA showed decreased gray matter volume in their left medial orbitofrontal gyrus. However, differences were not found in the gray matter volumes of patients with PDW and whole panic disorder compared with HC. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the phobic avoidance found in patients with PDA arise from abnormalities in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, which plays an important role in fear extinction. Future studies should investigate the neuroanatomical substrates of PDA and distinguish them from those of PDW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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48
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Alemany S, Mas A, Goldberg X, Falcón C, Fatjó-Vilas M, Arias B, Bargalló N, Nenadic I, Gastó C, Fañanás L. Regional gray matter reductions are associated with genetic liability for anxiety and depression: an MRI twin study. J Affect Disord 2013; 149:175-81. [PMID: 23433857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of genetic and/or environmental factors on the volumetric brain changes observed in subjects affected by anxiety and depression disorders remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate whether genetic and environmental liabilities make different contributions to abnormalities in gray matter volume (GMV) in anxiety and depression using a concordant and discordant MZ twin pairs design. METHODS Fifty-three magnetic resonance imaging (3T) brain scans were obtained from monozygotic (MZ) twins concordant (6 pairs) and discordant (10 pairs) for lifetime anxiety and depression disorders and from healthy twins (21 subjects). We applied voxel-based morphometry to analyse GMV differences. Concordant affected twins were compared to healthy twins and within-pairs comparisons were performed in the discordant group. RESULTS GMV reductions in bilateral fusiform gyrus and amygdala were observed in concordant affected twins for anxiety and depression compared to healthy twins. No intrapair differences were found in GMV between discordant affected twins and their healthy co-twins. LIMITATIONS The sample size was modest. This might explain why no intrapair differences were found in the discordant MZ twin group. CONCLUSIONS As concordant affected MZ twins are believed to have a particularly high genetic liability for the disorder, our findings suggest that fusiform gyrus and amygdala gray matter reductions are related to a genetic risk for anxiety and depression. Discrepancies in regard to brain abnormalities in anxiety and depression may be related to the admixture of patients with GMV abnormalities mainly accounted for by genetic factors with patients presenting GMV mainly accounted for by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alemany
- Unidad de Antropología, Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Biología and Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Carlson PJ, Diazgranados N, Nugent AC, Ibrahim L, Luckenbaugh DA, Brutsche N, Herscovitch P, Manji HK, Zarate CA, Drevets WC. Neural correlates of rapid antidepressant response to ketamine in treatment-resistant unipolar depression: a preliminary positron emission tomography study. Biol Psychiatry 2013; 73:1213-21. [PMID: 23540908 PMCID: PMC3672258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple lines of evidence support a role for the glutamatergic system in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, rapidly improves depressive symptoms in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. The neural mechanisms underlying this effect remain unknown. METHODS In this preliminary study, 20 unmedicated participants with treatment-resistant MDD underwent positron emission tomography to measure regional cerebral glucose metabolism at baseline and following ketamine infusion (single dose of .5mg/kg intravenous over 40minutes). Metabolic data were compared between conditions using a combination of region-of-interest and voxelwise analyses, and differences were correlated with the associated antidepressant response. RESULTS Whole-brain metabolism did not change significantly following ketamine. Regional metabolism decreased significantly under ketamine in the habenula, insula, and ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices of the right hemisphere. Metabolism increased postketamine in bilateral occipital, right sensorimotor, left parahippocampal, and left inferior parietal cortices. Improvement in depression ratings correlated directly with change in metabolism in right superior and middle temporal gyri. Conversely, clinical improvement correlated inversely with metabolic changes in right parahippocampal gyrus and temporoparietal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Although preliminary, these results indicate that treatment-resistant MDD subjects showed decreased metabolism in the right habenula and the extended medial and orbital prefrontal networks in association with rapid antidepressant response to ketamine. Conversely, metabolism increased in sensory association cortices, conceivably related to the illusory phenomena sometimes experienced with ketamine. Further studies are needed to elucidate how these functional anatomical changes relate to the molecular mechanisms underlying ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Carlson
- Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Nancy Diazgranados
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Allison C. Nugent
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lobna Ibrahim
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Nancy Brutsche
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Peter Herscovitch
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, PET Department, Bethesda, MD
| | - Husseini K. Manji
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ
| | - Carlos A. Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Wayne C. Drevets
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Titusville, NJ,Laureate Institute for Brain Research and University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Tulsa, OK
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50
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Kim B, Kim MK, Yoo E, Lee JY, Choe AY, Yook KH, Lee KS, Choi TK, Lee SH. Comparison of panic disorder with and without comorbid major depression by using brain structural magnetic resonance imaging. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 43:188-96. [PMID: 23313294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong lifetime and current comorbidity occur between panic disorder and depression. However, no study has examined the influence of comorbid depression on brain structural characteristics in panic disorder patients. We aimed to compare gray matter (GM) volume and white matter (WM) connectivity in panic disorder patients with and without depression. METHODS Twenty-one panic disorder patients without comorbid major depression (PD-D) and seventeen panic disorder patients with major depression (PD+D) were investigated. The Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were assessed for all subjects. Voxel Based Morphometry 5 toolbox and Tract-Based Spatial Statistics were used. RESULTS Compared to the PD-D group, GM volumes of patients with PD+D were significantly increased in a cluster located across the left cingulate gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, and left paracentral lobule. Clinical symptom severity such as PDSS and BDI scores showed positive correlation with GM volumes in the PD+D group. Of the highlighted regions, the left posterior cingulate gyrus demonstrated both a GM volume difference between the groups and a positive correlation of GM volume with symptom severity in the PD+D group. Fractional anisotropy values were significantly higher across almost all the WM tracts in the PD+D group compared to the PD-D group. CONCLUSION Alteration of GM volume and WM connectivity was associated with comorbid depression in panic disorder patients in this study. These findings suggest that distinct structural characteristics may be related to comorbid depression occurring in the context of panic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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