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Zhu S, He J, Yin L, Zhou J, Lian J, Ren Y, Zhang X, Yuan J, Wang G, Li X. Matrix metalloproteinases targeting in prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:275-287. [PMID: 38806387 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors affecting men all over the world. PCa has brought a huge health burden to men around the world, especially for elderly men, but its pathogenesis is unclear. In prostate cancer, epigenetic inheritance plays an important role in the development, progression, and metastasis of the disease. An important role in cancer invasion and metastasis is played by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), zinc-dependent proteases that break down extracellular matrix. We review two important forms of epigenetic modification and the role of matrix metalloproteinases in tumor regulation, both of which may be of significant value as novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. The author considers that both mechanisms have promising therapeutic applications for therapeutic agent research in prostate cancer, but that efforts should be made to mitigate or eliminate the side effects of drug therapy in order to maximize quality of life of patients. The understanding of epigenetic modification, MMPs, and their inhibitors in the functional regulation of prostate cancer is gradually advancing, it will provide a new technical means for the prevention of prostate cancer, early diagnosis, androgen-independent prostate cancer treatment, and drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Liliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiayi Lian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanli Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jinghua Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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van den Kroonenberg DL, Jager A, Garrido-Utrilla A, Reitsma JB, Postema AW, Beerlage HP, Oddens JR. Clinical Validation of Multiparametric Ultrasound for Detecting Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Using Computer-Aided Diagnosis: A Direct Comparison with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pathway. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 66:60-66. [PMID: 39050912 PMCID: PMC11267110 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We present the protocol for a study testing the hypothesis that a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for three-dimensional multiparametric ultrasound (3D mpUS) is noninferior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in guiding prostate biopsies for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). The prospective study has a fully paired design for assessment of diagnostic accuracy and is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06281769. A total of 438 biopsy-naïve men scheduled for prostate MRI evaluation because of an abnormal digital rectal examination and/or elevated serum prostate-specific antigen will be included. All patients will undergo both MRI (multiparametric or biparametric) and 3D mpUS with CAD (PCaVision). Suspicious lesions will be independently identified using each imaging technique. MRI targeted biopsy (TBx) and/or PCaVision TBx will be performed if suspicious lesions are identified on imaging. When both PCaVision and MRI identify lesions in an individual patient, the TBx order for this patient will be randomized. Three TBx samples per lesion will be taken for a maximum of two lesions per modality. The primary objective is the detection rate for csPCa (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group [GG] ≥2) with the PCaVision versus the MRI TBx pathway. The noninferiority margin for the absolute difference in detection rates is set at a difference of 5%. Secondary outcomes are the proportion of men in whom TBx could have been safely omitted in each pathway. Additional diagnostic accuracy analyses will be performed for different definitions of PCa (GG ≥3; GG ≥2 with cribriform growth and/or intraductal carcinoma; and GG 1). The frequency of insufficient image quality for the two pathways will also be assessed. Lastly, we will determine the diagnostic performance for csPCa detection at various 3D mpUS image quality thresholds for PCaVision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Auke Jager
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes B. Reitsma
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud W. Postema
- Department of Urology, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jorg R. Oddens
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Kluckert J, Hötker AM, Da Mutten R, Konukoglu E, Donati OF. AI-based automated evaluation of image quality and protocol tailoring in patients undergoing MRI for suspected prostate cancer. Eur J Radiol 2024; 177:111581. [PMID: 38925042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) application in a clinical setting to decide whether dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) sequences are necessary in multiparametric prostate MRI. METHODS This study was approved by the institutional review board and requirement for study-specific informed consent was waived. A mobile app was developed to integrate AI-based image quality analysis into clinical workflow. An expert radiologist provided reference decisions. Diagnostic performance parameters (sensitivity and specificity) were calculated and inter-reader agreement was evaluated. RESULTS Fully automated evaluation was possible in 87% of cases, with the application reaching a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100% in selecting patients for multiparametric MRI. In 2% of patients, the application falsely decided on omitting DCE. With a technician reaching a sensitivity of 29% and specificity of 98%, and resident radiologists reaching sensitivity of 29% and specificity of 93%, the use of the application allowed a significant increase in sensitivity. CONCLUSION The presented AI application accurately decides on a patient-specific MRI protocol based on image quality analysis, potentially allowing omission of DCE in the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected prostate cancer. This could streamline workflow and optimize time utilization of healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kluckert
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas M Hötker
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Da Mutten
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ender Konukoglu
- Computer Vision Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivio F Donati
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; Radiology Octorad / Hirslanden, Witellikerstrasse 40, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Bock M, Burns RT, Pereira TA, Bernie HL. A contemporary review of the treatments and challenges associated with penile rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy including a proposed optimal approach. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:480-485. [PMID: 37853240 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-023-00782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men worldwide. Despite advancements in understanding prostate anatomy and minimally invasive approaches to surgical treatment, surgery can have significant adverse effects on sexual function. Penile rehabilitation strategies have emerged as a promising approach to mitigate the impact of prostate cancer treatments on erectile function and improve quality of life. Several methods have been employed for penile rehabilitation, including pharmacotherapy, vacuum erection devices, intracavernous injections, and emerging novel techniques. Yet, there is no consensus on the exact programs or timing of initiation that should be utilized for optimal recovery after surgery. This review discusses various rehabilitation protocols and long-term outcomes and explores the cost-effectiveness of different interventions. Additionally, this review discusses the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to penile rehabilitation which includes patient education, counseling, and the selection of an appropriate rehabilitation strategy tailored to each individual's needs and preferences. Continued research and collaboration among healthcare professionals are essential to refine rehabilitation approaches and ensure optimal outcomes for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Bock
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ramzy T Burns
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Thairo A Pereira
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Helen L Bernie
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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5
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Raines C, Noorvash B, Posadas EM, Sandler HM, Freedland SJ, Gresham G. Applications of wearable activity monitors for prostate cancer survivors: A systematic scoping review. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 143:107563. [PMID: 38723860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable technology is used to monitor and motivate physical activity (PA) and provides continuous, objective PA and sleep data outside the clinical setting. We reviewed the literature to understand how wearables are integrated into prostate cancer (PC) investigations in order to identify current practices, gaps, and research opportunities. METHODS We conducted a literature search for articles using wearables, among PC survivors published between 2012 and 2022. We extracted study details, interventions and outcomes, participant baseline characteristics, and device characteristics and grouped them by study type: randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies. RESULTS Of 354 articles screened, 44 met eligibility criteria (23 RCTs, and 21 non-randomized). 89% used wearables to monitor PA metrics, 11%, sleep metrics, and 6.8%, both. Most studies involved exercise (70% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies) or lifestyle interventions (30% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies). Intervention delivery methods included personalized computer-based (48%), in-person (e.g., trainer) (20%), and education web or print-based (20%). Interventions occurred at the participant's home (48%) or at a gym (20%). 57% of the studies evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of the wearable as an activity-measuring device or as part of a remotely delivered computer-based intervention. Studies used wearables to monitor adherence to PA interventions, motivate behavior change, to assess patient outcomes (e.g., patient function, quality of life, mood), or as data collection tools. CONCLUSIONS Wearables are primarily being used to assess daily activity and monitor adherence to exercise interventions in clinical studies involving PC survivors. Findings suggest that they are feasible for use in this population. More research is needed to understand how to integrate wearables into routine clinical care, expand their use to predict clinical outcomes, or to deliver tailored interventions for PC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Raines
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Brandon Noorvash
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Edwin Melencio Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Gillian Gresham
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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Henríquez I, Malave B, Campos FL, Hidalgo EC, Muelas R, Ferrer C, Muñoz-Rodriguez J, Villamón AM, Pascual MC, Badia J, Fuertes J, Hinojosa-Salas P. PSMA PET/CT SUVmax as a prognostic biomarker in patients with metachronous metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03625-y. [PMID: 39073734 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is treatment-resistant and generally considered incurable. The development of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission-computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) has generated immense expectations due to its diagnostic accuracy in prostate cancer (PCa). PSMA expression of the primary tumor, quantified by SUVmax, is a predictor of oncological outcomes. The role of PSMA-PET/CT SUVmax in metachronous mHSPC treated with ADT plus second-generation antiandrogens (ARSI) is unknown. The main aim of this study was to evaluate 68Ga-PSMA-11expression (SUVmax) as a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with metachronous mHSPC treated with ADT and first or second-generation antiandrogens. A second aim was to determine the association between PSMA SUVmax and PSA response to hormone therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with metachronous mHSPC between July 2017 and February 2023 who developed biochemical recurrence following radical surgery (with or without salvage radiotherapy and/or ADT) or external radiation therapy (with or without ADT) were included. All patients underwent 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging and the SUVmax value was determined for all measurable locations. The SUVmax value was used for the semiquantitative analysis. The Wilcoxon method was used to compare responders (PSA reduction ≥ 50%) to non-responders (PSA reduction < 50%). The SUVmax value and hormone therapy were evaluated as independent variables relative to the PSA response rate or PSA reduction using the linear regression method. A mixed-effects model (ANOVA) was used for the comparisons. RESULTS A total of 82 patients were included. Median follow-up was 11.7 months. On the linear regression analysis, patients with a high SUVmax treated with ADT + ARSI showed a greater PSA response (p = 0.034) than those treated with ADT + first-generation antiandrogens. In the mixed-effects model, SUVmax was significant (p = 0.041). On the univariate analysis, PSA at recurrence (HR, 3.2; 95% CI: 1.07-13.6; p = 0.078) and the number of metastases (HR, 4.77; 95% CI 1.1-26.1: p = 0.002) were associated with the type of hormone therapy administered. CONCLUSIONS PSMA-PET/CT SUVmax is a prognostic biomarker that can be used to predict a PSA response to ADT + ARSI in patients with metachronous mHSPC. However, these findings need to be confirmed in larger prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Henríquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Pere i Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
| | - Bárbara Malave
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Pere i Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Muelas
- Department of Radiation Oncology. Hospital Provincial Castellón, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Ferrer
- Department of Radiation Oncology. Hospital Provincial Castellón, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Joan Badia
- Statistical Support Platform. Pere I Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Instituto de Oncología de La Cataluña Sud (IOCS), Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Fuertes
- Nuclear Medicine Department. Hospital, Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Spain
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Li Z, Wang D, Zhu X. Unveiling the functions of five recently characterized lncRNAs in cancer progression. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03619-w. [PMID: 39066874 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies over the past few decades have shown that RNAs are multifaceted, multifunctional regulators of most cellular processes, contrary to the initial belief that they only act as mediators for translating DNA into proteins. LncRNAs, which refer to transcripts longer than 200nt and lack the ability to code for proteins, have recently been identified as central regulators of a variety of biochemical and cellular processes, particularly cancer. When they are abnormally expressed, they are closely associated with tumor occurrence, metastasis, and tumor staging. Therefore, through searches on Google Scholar, PubMed, and CNKI, we identified five five recently characterized lncRNAs-Lnc-SLC2A12-10:1, LncRNA BCRT1, lncRNA IGFBP4-1, LncRNA PCNAP1, and LncRNA CDC6-that have been linked to the promotion of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Consequently, this review encapsulates the existing research and molecular underpinnings of these five newly identified lncRNAs across various types of cancer. It suggests that these novel lncRNAs hold potential as independent biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis, as well as candidates for therapeutic intervention. In parallel, we discuss the challenges inherent in the research on these five newly discovered lncRNAs and look forward to the avenues for future exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
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8
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He S, Zhang S, Sun X, Liu R, Yuan T, Chen X, Zhang X. Global research trends on the links between prostate cancer and erectile dysfunction between 2003 and 2023: A bibliometrics and visualized study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33834. [PMID: 39027554 PMCID: PMC11255577 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) has increased in recent years. Erectile dysfunction (ED) after prostate cancer treatment has aroused extensive attention. Bibliometric analysis was designed to investigate a systematic understanding of developments between PC and ED during the past 20 years. Methods Literatures on PC and ED were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC). By using the VOS viewer and CiteSpace software to analysis the metrics of bibliometric literature, such as number of articles, journals, countries, institutions, authors, keywords and associated information. The number of publications per year was statistically analysed and plotted thorough Microsoft Office. In addition, Pajek software was used to adjust the visual map. Results A total of 2332 screened articles were included in the analysis. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, ranking first among the analysed journals, published 235 articles. The United States and Canada were leaders in PC and ED research. There is a need to strengthen inter-agency cooperation in this area of research on a global scale. Mulhall JP, as the most prolific author in this area of research, published 80 articles. And Rosen RC was the author with the most co-citated (693 co-citated). The main research focus on the prevention, treatment and management of ED after PC treatment in this field through the keyword analysis. Conclusions Research on PC and ED is expected to expand further worldwide. We found ED, as new sustainable treatment modalities, scientific postoperative management and psychological interventions for patients, may become the research hotspots and should be closely concerned in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songnian He
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Siming Zhang
- Nantong Tumor Hospital & Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | | | | | - Xu Chen
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Katsimperis S, Pinitas A, Zerva M, Bellos T, Manolitsis I, Feretzakis G, Verykios VS, Kyriazis I, Neofytou P, Kapsalos S, Deligiannis P, Triantafyllou P, Juliebø-Jones P, Somani B, Mitsogiannis I, Tzelves L. The Contemporary Role of Salvage Radical Prostatectomy in the Management of Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Up-to-Date Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:868. [PMID: 39063621 PMCID: PMC11277914 DOI: 10.3390/life14070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men, with many treatment modalities available for patients, such as radical prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, cryotherapy, electroporation and other whole-gland or focal ablative novel techniques. Unfortunately, up to 60% of men with prostate cancer experience recurrence at 5 to 10 years. Salvage radical prostatectomy can be offered as an option in the setting of recurrence after a primary non-surgical treatment. However, the complexity of salvage radical prostatectomy is considered to be greater than that of primary surgery, making it the least popular treatment of choice. With the wide use of robotic platforms in urologic oncologic surgery, salvage radical prostatectomy has attracted attention again because, compared to past data, modern series involving salvage Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy have shown promising results. In this narrative literature review, we comprehensively examined data on salvage radical prostatectomy. We investigated the correlation between the different types of primary prostate cancer therapy and the following salvage radical prostatectomy. Furthermore, we explored the concept of a robotic approach and its beneficial effect in salvage surgery. Lastly, we emphasized several promising avenues for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatios Katsimperis
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Alexandros Pinitas
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Zerva
- Department of Urology, Red Cross General Hospital of Athens, 11526 Athens, Greece;
| | - Themistoklis Bellos
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Ioannis Manolitsis
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Georgios Feretzakis
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece; (G.F.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Vassilios S. Verykios
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece; (G.F.); (V.S.V.)
| | - Ioannis Kyriazis
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Neofytou
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Sotirios Kapsalos
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Deligiannis
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Triantafyllou
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | | | - Bhaskar Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
| | - Iraklis Mitsogiannis
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Lazaros Tzelves
- Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15126 Athens, Greece; (T.B.); (I.M.); (I.K.); (P.N.); (S.K.); (P.D.); (P.T.); (I.M.); (L.T.)
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Song S, Tai L, Xu Y, Jiang J, Zhou L, Zhao J. Lathyrol reduces the RCC invasion and incidence of EMT via affecting the expression of AR and SPHK2 in RCC mice. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:264. [PMID: 38965120 PMCID: PMC11224167 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01130-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Lathyrol on the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) mice and to further explore the mechanism by which Lathyrol inhibits the invasion and incidence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). METHODS An RCC xenograft mouse model was constructed, and the mice were randomly divided into a model group, an experiment group and a negative control group. The experiment group was intragastrically gavaged with Lathyrol solution (20 mg/kg), the model group was intragastrically gavaged with 0.9% NaCl (same volume as that used in the experiment group), and the negative control group was injected intraperitoneally with 2 mg/kg cisplatin aqueous solution. Changes in the body weight and tumor volume of the mice were recorded. Western blot (WB) was used to assess the protein expression levels of AR, p-AR, CYP17A1, PARP1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA, β-catenin, and ZO-1. Protein expression levels of SPHK2, metal matrix protease 2 (MMP2), MMP9 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in tumor tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). AR expression in tumor tissues was assessed after immunofluorescence (IF) staining. RESULTS After 14 days of drug administration, compared with that in the model group, the tumor volumes in the negative control and experiment groups were lower; the difference in tumor volume among the model, control and experiment groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The differences in body weight among the three groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). In the model group, the protein expression levels of AR, p-AR, CYP17A1, SPHK2, and PARP1 were relatively increased, the protein expression levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1 were relatively reduced (P < 0.05), and the protein expression levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin, and α-SMA were relatively increased (P < 0.05). In the negative control and experiment groups, the protein expression levels of AR, p-AR, CYP17A1, SPHK2, and PARP1 were relatively decreased (P < 0.05), the protein expression levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1 were relatively increased (P < 0.05), and the protein expression levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin and α-SMA were relatively decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Lathyrol and cisplatin inhibit the proliferation of RCC xenografts, reduce the protein expression levels of AR, CYP17A1, SPHK2, PARP1, E-cadherin, and ZO-1 in tumor tissues (P < 0.05), and promote the protein expression levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin and α-SMA (P < 0.05). Therefore, Lathyrol reduces RCC invasion and EMT by affecting the expression of AR and SPHK2 in RCC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyou Song
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Lunwei Tai
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yuqi Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Junling Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongfeng Road 6#, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongfeng Road 6#, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongfeng Road 6#, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
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11
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Ajiboye BO, Fatoki TH, Akinola OG, Ajeigbe KO, Bamisaye AF, Domínguez-Martín EM, Rijo P, Oyinloye BE. In silico exploration of anti-prostate cancer compounds from differential expressed genes. BMC Urol 2024; 24:138. [PMID: 38956591 PMCID: PMC11221101 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex and biologically diverse disease with no curative treatment options at present. This study aims to utilize computational methods to explore potential anti-PCa compounds based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic indications or repurposing existing drugs. The methods employed in this study include DEGs-to-drug prediction, pharmacokinetics prediction, target prediction, network analysis, and molecular docking. The findings revealed a total of 79 upregulated DEGs and 110 downregulated DEGs in PCa, which were used to identify drug compounds capable of reversing the dysregulated conditions (dexverapamil, emetine, parthenolide, dobutamine, terfenadine, pimozide, mefloquine, ellipticine, and trifluoperazine) at a threshold probability of 20% on several molecular targets, such as serotonin receptors 2a/2b/2c, HERG protein, adrenergic receptors alpha-1a/2a, dopamine D3 receptor, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 (EGFR), tyrosine-protein kinases, and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5). Molecular docking analysis revealed that terfenadine binding to inducible nitric oxide synthase (-7.833 kcal.mol-1) and pimozide binding to HERG (-7.636 kcal.mol-1). Overall, binding energy ΔGbind (Total) at 0 ns was lower than that of 100 ns for both the Terfenadine-iNOS complex (-101.707 to -103.302 kcal.mol-1) and Ellipticine-TOPIIα complex (-42.229 to -58.780 kcal.mol-1). In conclusion, this study provides insight on molecular targets that could possibly contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to validate the therapeutic effectiveness of these identified drugs in PCa disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Toluwase Hezekiah Fatoki
- Applied Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olamilekan Ganiu Akinola
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Olasunkanmi Ajeigbe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Eva-María Domínguez-Martín
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas (Área de Farmacología), Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Nuevos Agentes Antitumorales, Acción Tóxica Sobre Células Leucémicas, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km. 33,600, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28805, España
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, Lisbon, 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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12
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Karegar-Niavol R, Ghaffari F, Saravi A, Fotokian Z, Kheirkhah F. Translation and validation of a lifestyle questionnaire related to prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:959-966. [PMID: 38644626 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid and reliable instruments are needed to measure prostate cancer-related lifestyle changes, plan evidence-based interventions to modify lifestyle, and improve treatment outcomes. Due to the lack of appropriate instruments, this study was conducted to translate the Effects of Prostate Cancer upon Lifestyle Questionnaire (EPCLQ) into Persian and examine its psychometric properties in a sample of Iranian older adults with prostate cancer. METHODS This methodological study was carried out between 2021 and 2022. Initially, the EPCLQ, comprising 36 items, was translated into Persian through a meticulous translation and back-translation procedure. Subsequent steps involved the assessment of face validity, qualitative content validity, content validity index, content validity ratio, construct validity via confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability testing of the Persian version of the EPCLQ. RESULTS The psychometric evaluation led to the exclusion of 4 items from the EPCLQ. The refined model demonstrated satisfactory fit indices (PCFI = 0.732, PNFI = 0.696, CMIN/DF = 2.29, RMSEA = 0.072, IFI = 0.920, CFI = 0.919, and GFI = 0.971), indicating an appropriate fit of the final model. The internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.67, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.938, reflecting high reliability. CONCLUSIONS The Persian version of the EPCLQ, now consisting of 32 items, has been validated and is reliable for assessing the impact of prostate cancer on lifestyle among older adults. Its simplicity and the clarity of the items make it suitable for use in clinical settings or during home visits for follow-up assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Karegar-Niavol
- Student Research Committee, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Saravi
- General Practitioner, I.R.I Police HQ, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Fotokian
- Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farzan Kheirkhah
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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13
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Oh C, O'Callaghan M. Seminal Papers in Urology: Darolutamide and survival in metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2024; 24:135. [PMID: 38951868 PMCID: PMC11218282 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The ARASENS trial recruited 1306 men with metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. It investigated the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and systemic therapy docetaxel in combination with a third novel drug - daralutamide, compared with placebo on overall survival. Triple therapy with ADT, docetaxel and darolutamide resulted in improved overall survival rates as compared with ADT, docetaxel and placebo (HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57-0.80; p < 0.001). The side effect profile for both treatments was similar. This randomised, double blinded, placebo controlled study, was assessed to have a low risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claris Oh
- Urology Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael O'Callaghan
- Urology Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide University, Adelaide, Australia.
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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14
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Suh J, Jeong IG, Jeon HG, Jeong CW, Lee S, Jeon SS, Byun SS, Kwak C, Ahn H. Bilateral Seminal Vesicle Invasion as a Strong Prognostic Indicator in T3b Prostate Cancer Patients Following Radical Prostatectomy: A Comprehensive, Multicenter, Long-term Follow-up Study. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:885-892. [PMID: 38186239 PMCID: PMC11261185 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathologic T3b (pT3b) prostate cancer, characterized by seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), exhibits variable oncological outcomes post-radical prostatectomy (RP). Identifying prognostic factors is crucial for patient-specific management. This study investigates the impact of bilateral SVI on prognosis in pT3b prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the medical records of a multi-institutional cohort of men who underwent RP for prostate cancer with SVI between 2000 and 2012. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression for biochemical recurrence (BCR), clinical progression (CP), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). RESULTS Among 770 men who underwent RP without neo-adjuvant treatment, median follow-up was 85.7 months. Patients with bilateral SVI had higher preoperative prostate-specific antigen levels and clinical T category (all p < 0.001). Extracapsular extension, tumor volume, lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), pathologic Gleason grade group (p < 0.001), and resection margin positivity (p < 0.001) were also higher in patients with bilateral SVI. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year BCR-free survival rates were 23.9%, 11.7%, and 8.5%; CP-free survival rates were 82.8%, 62.5%, and 33.4%; and CSS rates were 96.4%, 88.1%, and 69.5%, respectively. The bilateral SVI group demonstrated significantly lower BCR-free survival rates, CP-free survival rates, and CSS rates (all p < 0.001). Bilateral SVI was independently associated with BCR (hazard ratio, 1.197; 95% confidence interval, p=0.049), CP (p=0.022), and CSS (p=0.038) in covariate-adjusted Cox regression. CONCLUSION Bilateral SVI is a robust, independent prognostic factor for poor oncological outcomes in pT3b prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyo Suh
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Gab Jeong
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwang Gyun Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangchul Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seong Soo Jeon
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Soo Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanjong Ahn
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Tian Y, Shen H, Li L, Jia X, Liu J, Hu Z, Wang L, Tian J. Enhancing surgical outcomes: accurate identification and removal of prostate cancer with B7-H3-targeted NIR-II molecular imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:2569-2582. [PMID: 38647671 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE One of the main reasons for prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence is the difficulty in identifying and removing cancerous lesions during surgery. Accurately localizing and excising cancerous tissue remains a significant challenge. The second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) fluorescence offers enhanced resolution, a high signal-to-noise ratio, and the potential for deeper tissue penetration. However, this technology is not currently employed for intraoperative imaging of PCa. This study aims to construct a new NIR-II probe targeting B7-H3 (AbB7-H3-800CW) for accurate intraoperative identification and resection of PCa. METHODS Based on the differential expression of B7-H3 in PCa, we designed a novel imaging probe to accurately identify and guide the resection of preclinical PCa models and ex vivo human PCa tissues using NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology. RESULTS Analyzing tissue samples from 60 clinical cases of PCa, along with benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal prostate tissue from 22 cases, we observed a significant difference in B7-H3 protein expression levels (P < 0.001). Subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of PCa were imaged using NIR-II fluorescence after AbB7-H3-800CW injection, showing promising results with successful tumor targeting and high-contrast images achieved within 24-48 h post-injection. The imaging also enabled the detection of occult PCa lesions approximately 1 mm in diameter. In addition, imaging analysis of human PCa and adjacent tissues using AbB7-H3-800CW incubation revealed that cancer tissues exhibited a significantly higher fluorescence intensity than adjacent tissues (P < 0.05), which was conducive to the evaluation of tumor resection margin in vitro. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that B7-H3 was a compelling imaging target for PCa. The AbB7-H3-800CW molecular imaging probe is capable of accurately identifying PCa lesions and guiding their removal. This approach can potentially reduce the rate of surgical margins under NIR-II fluorescence guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Tian
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongliang Shen
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingbing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100190, China
- Interventional Radiology Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100190, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 95 Zhongguancun East Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100190, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Petrelli F, Dottorini L, De Stefani A, Vavassori I, Luciani A. Localized prostate cancer in older patients: Radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy versus observation. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:101792. [PMID: 38802294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2024.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluates the effects of radical prostatectomy (RP) or irradiation on overall survival (OS) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in older patients with localized prostate cancer (PC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature review across PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception up to December 2023 to identify studies comparing the outcomes of surgery or radiotherapy (RT) versus observation in patients aged 65 and older with localized PC. We pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for OS and PCSM using random-effects models. RESULTS Thirteen studies involving 284,066 patients were analyzed. Three were large randomized trials (RCTs) and 10 were retrospective studies. Overall survival with surgery was greater in observational studies (HR = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47-0.59; P < 0.001) than in RCTs (HR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.72-0.98; P = 0.03). Data on PCSM from seven studies also indicated a significant benefit for RP in RCTs (HR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.3-0.73; P < 0.001) and observational studies (HR = 0.41, 95%CI 0.27-0.62; P < 0.001). Both analyses presented high heterogeneity (I2 = 90%, P < 0.001 and I2 = 65%, P = 0.01). An analysis of patients receiving RT indicated a significant, albeit smaller, OS (n = 7 studies) and PCSM (n = 5 studies) advantage (HR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.59-0.79; P < 0.001; and HR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.44-0.82; P = 0.001) compared to observation (1 RCT and 8 observational studies). DISCUSSION The evidence suggests that patients with PC might consider opting for surgery as the main treatment option or, alternatively, for RT, as an alternative to observation, based on their individual medical history, life expectancy, and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Petrelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Orest, Treviglio, BG, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Luciani
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Bergamo Orest, Treviglio, BG, Italy
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17
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Weiten R, Bernhardt M, Niemann M, Kristiansen G, Grünwald V, Ritter M, Hölzel M, Eckstein M, Alajati A, Klümper N, Krausewitz P. Exploring membranous NECTIN-4 expression patterns and enfortumab vedotin response in prostate cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18572. [PMID: 39072867 PMCID: PMC11284121 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a novel type of targeted cancer therapy combining the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytotoxicity of conventional chemotherapy. Recently, ADCs have demonstrated practice-changing efficacy across diverse solid cancers. The anti-NECTIN-4 ADC enfortumab vedotin (EV) has just been approved for patients with urothelial cancer and is currently under investigation for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC e.g. Phase II ENCORE trial). Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of EV in established prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines and to examine the membranous NECTIN-4 expression in primary tumours (PRIM) and distant metastases (MET). NECTIN-4 was heterogeneously expressed in the panel of PCa cell lines. EV led to growth inhibition in NECTIN-4 expressing PCa cells (22Rv1 and LNCaP), whereas the NECTIN-4-negative PC-3 cells were significantly less responsive to EV, emphasizing the dependence of EV response on its target expression. Immunohistochemical staining revealed moderate membranous NECTIN-4 expression only in a small subgroup of CRPC patients with lung and peritoneal MET [n = 3/22 with H-score ≥100, median H-score 140 (IQR 130-150)], while 100% of PRIM (n = 48/48) and 86.4% of common MET sites (n = 19/22), including lymph node, bone and liver MET, were NECTIN-4 negative. In summary, EV may be effective in NECTIN-4-positive PCa. However, our findings demonstrate that the tumoural NECTIN-4 expression is predominantly low in metastatic PCa, which suggests that EV may only be effective in a biomarker-stratified subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Weiten
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Urology Uro‐Oncology, Robot‐Assisted and Specialized Urologic SurgeryUniversity Hospital CologneKolnGermany
| | | | - Max Niemann
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | | | - Viktor Grünwald
- Clinic for Internal Medicine (Tumor Research) and Clinic for Urology, Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology at the West‐German Cancer CenterEssen University HospitalEssenGermany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Abdullah Alajati
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Philipp Krausewitz
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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18
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Worst TS, Surovtsova I, Vogel T, Zauser M, Neuberger MC, Wessels F, Michel MS, Nuhn P, Morakis P. [Incidence, therapy, and prognosis of prostate cancer in Baden-Württemberg: analysis based on cancer registry data]. UROLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 63:681-692. [PMID: 38316650 PMCID: PMC11219388 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-024-02275-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common solid tumor in men in Germany. Collection of epidemiological and clinical data has been centralized for several years due to legal requirements via the state cancer registries. Thus, the reporting of diagnosis, therapy, and progression of cancer is obligatory in Germany. These data needs to be processed based on the questions of the treating physicians. OBJECTIVES Intention of this work was to present the development of new cases, disease stages, treatment procedures and prognosis of PCa in Baden-Württemberg (BW). METHODS For this purpose, data of the cancer registry BW regarding patients with PCa first diagnosed between 2013 and 2021 were evaluated. The evaluation was performed using descriptive statistics, Χ2 test and Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS A total of 84,347 new diagnoses of PCa were reported. Clinical stage was present in 55.3% of patients. Assignment by International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) groups was present in 75.7%. A steady increase in primary diagnosis was evident through 2019. The proportion of primary metastatic disease decreased (2013: 19.6% vs. 2021: 12.0%), and the proportion of localized tumors increased (2013: 65.5% vs. 2021: 77.1%). Radical prostatectomy (RP) dominated the treatment of localized tumors with a mean of 60.1%. The proportion of robot-assisted surgery increased from 23.7% (2013) to 60.8% (2021) with a decrease in the R1 rate from 34.8 to 26.2%. Progression-free survival correlated closely with tumor stage and ISUP group. CONCLUSION An increase in PCa cases and a decrease of advanced tumors were observed. Treatment was mostly surgical in localized stages, with increasing proportion of robotic-assisted RP. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stefan Worst
- Klinik für Urologie und Urochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland.
| | - Irina Surovtsova
- Klinische Landesregisterstelle GmbH, Krebsregister Baden-Württemberg, Birkenwaldstraße 149, 70191, Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - Tilo Vogel
- Geschäftsstelle Qualitätskonferenzen bei der Klinischen Landesregisterstelle GmbH, Krebsregister Baden-Württemberg, Birkenwaldstraße 149, 70191, Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - Martin Zauser
- Klinische Landesregisterstelle GmbH, Krebsregister Baden-Württemberg, Birkenwaldstraße 149, 70191, Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - Manuel Christian Neuberger
- Klinik für Urologie und Urochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - Frederik Wessels
- Klinik für Urologie und Urochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - Maurice Stephan Michel
- Klinik für Urologie und Urochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - Philipp Nuhn
- Klinik für Urologie Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - Philipp Morakis
- Geschäftsstelle Qualitätskonferenzen bei der Klinischen Landesregisterstelle GmbH, Krebsregister Baden-Württemberg, Birkenwaldstraße 149, 70191, Stuttgart, Deutschland
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19
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Hyndman ME, Paproski RJ, Kinnaird A, Fairey A, Marks L, Pavlovich CP, Fletcher SA, Zachoval R, Adamcova V, Stejskal J, Aprikian A, Wallis CJD, Pink D, Vasquez C, Beatty PH, Lewis JD. Development of an effective predictive screening tool for prostate cancer using the ClarityDX machine learning platform. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:163. [PMID: 38902526 PMCID: PMC11190196 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The current prostate cancer (PCa) screen test, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), has a high sensitivity for PCa but low specificity for high-risk, clinically significant PCa (csPCa), resulting in overdiagnosis and overtreatment of non-csPCa. Early identification of csPCa while avoiding unnecessary biopsies in men with non-csPCa is challenging. We built an optimized machine learning platform (ClarityDX) and showed its utility in generating models predicting csPCa. Integrating the ClarityDX platform with blood-based biomarkers for clinically significant PCa and clinical biomarker data from a 3448-patient cohort, we developed a test to stratify patients' risk of csPCa; called ClarityDX Prostate. When predicting high risk cancer in the validation cohort, ClarityDX Prostate showed 95% sensitivity, 35% specificity, 54% positive predictive value, and 91% negative predictive value, at a ≥ 25% threshold. Using ClarityDX Prostate at this threshold could avoid up to 35% of unnecessary prostate biopsies. ClarityDX Prostate showed higher accuracy for predicting the risk of csPCa than PSA alone and the tested model-based risk calculators. Using this test as a reflex test in men with elevated PSA levels may help patients and their healthcare providers decide if a prostate biopsy is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eric Hyndman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Calgary, Prostate Cancer Centre, Calgary, T2P 1P9, AB, Canada
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
| | - Robert J Paproski
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
| | - Adam Kinnaird
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Kipnes Urology Centre, Edmonton, T6G 1Z1, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, AB, Canada
| | - Adrian Fairey
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Kipnes Urology Centre, Edmonton, T6G 1Z1, AB, Canada
| | - Leonard Marks
- UCLA Health, Westwood Urology 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Christian P Pavlovich
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA
| | - Sean A Fletcher
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21287, MD, USA
| | - Roman Zachoval
- Department of Urology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vanda Adamcova
- Department of Urology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Stejskal
- Department of Urology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Armen Aprikian
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, H3G 2M1, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher J D Wallis
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 1P5, ON, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, M5G 1X5, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Desmond Pink
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
| | - Catalina Vasquez
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
| | - Perrin H Beatty
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada
| | - John D Lewis
- Nanostics Inc., 4550 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, T5J 4P6, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, AB, Canada.
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20
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Jotatsu Y, Sung SY, Wu MH, Takeda S, Hirata Y, Maeda K, Fang SB, Chen KC, Shigemura K. An Antibody of the Secreted Isoform of Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 9 (sADAM9) Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6646. [PMID: 38928352 PMCID: PMC11203924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Currently, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is resistant to androgen deprivation therapy, has a poor prognosis and is a therapeutic problem. We investigated the antitumor effects on PC of an antibody neutralizing secreted disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9 (sADAM9), which is a blood-soluble form. We performed proliferation assays, wound healing assays, invasion assays, Western blot (WB), and an in vivo study in which a sADAM9 neutralizing antibody was administered intratumorally to PC-bearing mice. In invasion assays, the sADAM9 neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited invasion in all cell lines (TRAMP-C2: p = 0.00776, LNCaP: p = 0.000914, PC-3: p = 0.0327, and DU145: p = 0.0254). We examined epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, one of the metastatic mechanisms, in WB and showed downregulation of Slug in TRAMP-C2, LNCaP, and DU145 and upregulation of E-cadherin in TRAMP-C2 and PC-3 by sADAM9 neutralization. In mouse experiments, the sADAM9 neutralizing antibody significantly suppressed tumor growth compared to controls (1.68-fold in TRAMP-C2, 1.89-fold in LNCaP, and 2.67-fold in PC-3). These results suggested that the sADAM9 neutralizing antibody inhibits invasion, migration, and tumor growth in PC. Previous studies examined the anti-tumor effect of knockdown of total ADAM9 or sADAM9, but this study used the new technology of neutralizing antibodies for sADAM9. This may be novel because there was no animal study using a neutralizing antibody for sADAM9 to see the relationship between ADAM9 expression and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yura Jotatsu
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan; (Y.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Shain-Ying Sung
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Sciences and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan (M.-H.W.)
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Heng Wu
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Sciences and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan (M.-H.W.)
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shunya Takeda
- Department of Medical Device Engineering, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan;
| | - Yuto Hirata
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan; (Y.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Koki Maeda
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan;
| | - Shiuh-Bin Fang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 291 Jhong Jheng Road, Jhong Ho District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, 291, Zhongzheng Road, Taipei 235, Taiwan;
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
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21
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Church SJ, Pulianmackal AJ, Dixon JA, Loftus LV, Amend SR, Pienta K, Cackowski FC, Buttitta LA. Oncogenic signaling in the adult Drosophila prostate-like accessory gland leads to activation of a conserved pro-tumorigenic program, in the absence of proliferation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593549. [PMID: 38853988 PMCID: PMC11160766 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Drosophila models for tumorigenesis and metastasis have revealed conserved mechanisms of signaling that are also involved in mammalian cancer. Many of these models use the proliferating tissues of the larval stages of Drosophila development, when tissues are highly mitotically active, or stem cells are abundant. Fewer Drosophila tumorigenesis models use adult animals to initiate tumor formation when many tissues are largely terminally differentiated and postmitotic. The Drosophila accessory glands are prostate-like tissues and a model for some aspects of prostate tumorigenesis using this tissue has been explored. In this model, oncogenic signaling was induced during the proliferative stage of accessory gland development, raising the question of how oncogenic activity would impact the terminally differentiated and postmitotic adult tissue. Here, we show that oncogenic signaling in the adult Drosophila accessory gland leads to activation of a conserved pro-tumorigenic program, similar to that observed in mitotic larval tissues, but in the absence of proliferation. Oncogenic signaling in the adult postmitotic gland leads to tissue hyperplasia with nuclear anaplasia and aneuploidy through endoreduplication, which increases polyploidy and occasionally results in non-mitotic neoplastic-like extrusions. We compare gene expression changes in our Drosophila model with that of endocycling prostate cancer cells induced by chemotherapy, which potentially mediate tumor recurrence after treatment. Similar signaling pathways are activated in the Drosophila gland and endocycling cancer cells, suggesting the adult accessory glands provide a useful model for aspects of prostate cancer progression that do not involve cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Jaimian Church
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ajai J. Pulianmackal
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Joseph A. Dixon
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Luke V. Loftus
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah R. Amend
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kenneth Pienta
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Frank C. Cackowski
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI
| | - Laura A. Buttitta
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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22
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Hoeh B, Wenzel M, Humke C, Cano Garcia C, Siech C, Schneider M, Lange C, Traumann M, Köllermann J, Preisser F, Chun FKH, Mandel P. Transition from Transrectal to Transperineal MRI-Fusion Prostate Biopsy Does Not Comprise Detection Rates of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer at a Tertiary Care Center. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1184. [PMID: 38893710 PMCID: PMC11171881 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A remarkable paradigm shift has emerged regarding the preferred prostate biopsy approach, favoring the transperineal (TP) over the transrectal (TR) approach due to the reduced risk of severe urinary tract infections. However, its impact on the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We relied on a prospectively maintained tertiary care database to identify patients who underwent either TP or TR prostate biopsy between 01/2014 and 12/2023. Of those, only patients with suspicious magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) PIRADS lesions (Likert-scale: 3,4,5) received MRI-targeted and systematic biopsies. Detection rates of csPCa (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] ≥ 2) were compared between biopsy approach (TP vs. TR) according to index lesion. Subsequently, uni- and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to investigate the predictive status of the biopsy approach within each subcohort. RESULTS Of 2063 patients, 1118 (54%) underwent combined MRI-guided and systematic prostate biopsy and were included in the final cohort. Of those, 127 (11%) and 991 (89%) underwent TP vs. TR. CsPCa rates, regardless of differences in patients' demographics and distribution of index PIRDAS lesions, did not differ statistically significantly and were 51 vs. 52%, respectively (p = 0.8). CsPCa detection rates for PIRDAS-3, PIRADS-4 and PIRADS-5 did not differ and were 24 vs. 23%, 48 vs. 51% and 72 vs. 76% for PIRADS-3, PIRADS-4 and PIRADS-5 subgroups for TP vs. TR, respectively (all p ≥ 0.9) Conclusions: The current results support the available data indicating that TP biopsy approach is comparable to transrectal biopsy approach regarding csPCa detection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Hoeh
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mike Wenzel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Clara Humke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Cristina Cano Garcia
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Siech
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada
| | - Melissa Schneider
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carsten Lange
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam Traumann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Köllermann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Preisser
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix K. H. Chun
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philipp Mandel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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23
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Taori R, Penmetsa G, Adhikari K, Chiranjeevi T, Kumar A, Raghunath SK. Neurovascular Structure-Adjacent Frozen-Section Examination (NeuroSAFE) Technique of Nerve-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) in Indian Scenario: Technique, Feasibility, and Early Outcomes. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:296-301. [PMID: 38741648 PMCID: PMC11088567 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Potency and urinary continence are adversely affected post-prostatectomy. The primary objective is oncological safety by ensuring negative surgical margins (NSM) and best functional recovery through nerve preservation in appropriate patients. NeuroSAFE technique of intra-operative frozen-section (IFS) analysis was devised for comprehensive assessment of surgical margins adjacent to the neurovascular tissue surface of the prostate. We analyzed our initial experience with this technique. Five NS-RARPs were performed utilizing the NeuroSAFE technique between October 2021 and February 2022. Patient demographics, disease stage, operative console time, post-operative complications, final histopathology, biochemical recurrence (BCR), erectile function, and urinary continence were recorded. The mean age of patients was 59.2 ± 1.3 years. All had clinically organ-confined disease with ISUP grade ≤ 3. The mean operative time of NS-RARP with NeuroSAFE was 240 ± 21 min and average NeuroSAFE time was 45 ± 3.8 min. All patients had NSM on IFS. No patient had Clavien-Dindo grade > 1 complications. Margins were negative on final histopathology. No patient had BCR at 6 and 12 weeks. Three patients were able to have sexual intercourse and only one patient required single precaution pad at 12 weeks. NeuroSAFE is feasible and can ensure intra-operative oncological safety of the NS procedure. Moreover, it gives the opportunity to convert positive surgical margin to prognostically favorable NSM by secondary resection. Our initial experience which is the first in India is encouraging with favorable functional outcomes. Large prospective studies and longer follow-up are required specially to evaluate the oncological benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Taori
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Gowtham Penmetsa
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Kinju Adhikari
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Tejus Chiranjeevi
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - S. K. Raghunath
- Department of Uro-Oncology and Robotic Surgery, HCG Comprehensive Cancer Care Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
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24
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Valenzi FM, Fuschi A, Al Salhi Y, Sequi MB, Suraci PP, Pacini M, Scalzo S, Rera OA, Antonioni A, Graziani D, Martino G, Candita G, Gianfrancesco F, Zucchi A, Lombardo R, De Nunzio C, Cicione A, Bozzini G, Rengo M, Capodiferro P, Sciarra A, Petrozza V, Carbone A, Pastore AL. Is early continence recovery related to the length of spared urethra? A prospective multicenter study comparing preoperative MRI and histologic specimen measurements after robotic radical prostatectomy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:108319. [PMID: 38603868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common complication after radical prostatectomy, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. This study aimed to correlate the length of preserved urethra in robotic radical prostatectomy (RALP) patients with short-term urinary continence rates within 90 days post-surgery. METHODS A prospective multicentric study enrolled 190 prostate adenocarcinoma patients undergoing RALP. Using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), urethral length was measured from the external urethral sphincter to the bladder neck. After surgery, histological measurements of the removed urethra were compared to the preoperative mpMRI data. Patients were categorized into two groups at the three-month follow-up based on urinary continence assessed through Urodynamic Study (UDS): Group A (94 patients without UI) and Group B (96 patients with UI). RESULTS Results revealed a significant difference in mean UI recovery time (Group A: 12.35 days, SD: 3.09 vs. Group B: 93.86 days, SD: 34.8, p < 0.0001). A ROC curve identified a 16.5% cut-off value (p < 0.000, sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 91.8%). Both groups showed a significant negative correlation between preserved urethral percentage and UI recovery time (Group A: r -0.655, p < 0.0001; Group B: r -0.340, p: 0.017). Group A had an average of 21.52% preserved urethra, while Group B had 13.86% (p < 0.0001). At one-year follow-up, 93.2% overall patients reported urinary continence without pads. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the positive correlation between preserved urethra percentage in RALP and early urinary continence recovery, highlighting its surgical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Maria Valenzi
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Andrea Fuschi
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Yazan Al Salhi
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Manfredi Bruno Sequi
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Paolo Pietro Suraci
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Matteo Pacini
- Department of Urology, University of Pisa, 56121, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvio Scalzo
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Onofrio Antonio Rera
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Alice Antonioni
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Damiano Graziani
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Martino
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Candita
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Filippo Gianfrancesco
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cicione
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bozzini
- Department of Urology, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo della Battaglia, Como, Italy
| | - Marco Rengo
- University of Rome Sapienza, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Academic Diagnostic, Imaging Division - I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via F. Faggiana 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Paola Capodiferro
- University of Rome Sapienza, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Academic Diagnostic, Imaging Division - I.C.O.T. Hospital, Via F. Faggiana 1668, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sciarra
- Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine Dept. of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Histopathology Unit, ICOT, Latina, Italy
| | - Antonio Carbone
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Antonio Luigi Pastore
- Urology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy.
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25
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Wang N, Qu S, Kong W, Hua Q, Hong Z, Liu Z, Shi Y. Establishment and validation of novel predictive models to predict bone metastasis in newly diagnosed prostate adenocarcinoma based on single-photon emission computed tomography radiomics. Ann Nucl Med 2024:10.1007/s12149-024-01942-4. [PMID: 38822897 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-024-01942-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish and validate novel predictive models for predicting bone metastasis (BM) in newly diagnosed prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) via single-photon emission computed tomography radiomics. METHOD In a retrospective review of the clinical single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) database, 176 patients (training set: n = 140; validation set: n = 36) who underwent SPECT/CT imaging and were histologically confirmed to have newly diagnosed PCa from June 2016 to June 2022 were enrolled. Radiomic features were extracted from the region of interest (ROI) in a targeted lesion in each patient. Clinical features, including age, total prostate-specific antigen (t-PSA), and Gleason grades, were included. Statistical tests were then employed to eliminate irrelevant and redundant features. Finally, four types of optimized models were constructed for the prediction. Furthermore, fivefold cross-validation was applied to obtain sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) for performance evaluation. The clinical usefulness of the multivariate models was estimated through decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS A radiomics signature consisting of 27 selected features which were obtained by radiomics' LASSO treatment was significantly correlated with bone status (P < 0.01 for both training and validation sets). Collectively, the models showed good predictive efficiency. The AUC values ranged from 0.87 to 0.98 in four models. The AUC values of the human experts were 0.655 and 0.872 in the training and validation groups, respectively. Most radiomic models showed better diagnostic accuracy than human experts in the training and validation groups. DCA also demonstrated the superiority of the radiomics models compared to human experts. CONCLUSION Radiomics models are superior to humans in differentiating between benign bone and prostate cancer bone metastases; it can be used to facilitate personalized prediction of BM in newly diagnosed PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Shihui Qu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Kong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Hua
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China.
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Weiten R, Niemann M, Below E, Friker LL, Ralser DJ, Toma M, Kristiansen G, Hahn O, Zechel S, Grünwald V, Bald T, Siewert J, Pietsch T, Ritter M, Hölzel M, Eckstein M, Alajati A, Krausewitz P, Klümper N. Preclinical evidence for the use of anti-Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate Sacituzumab govitecan in cerebral metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7320. [PMID: 38895886 PMCID: PMC11185941 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Improved survival rates have been observed in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) due to advancements in treatment options. However, individuals with brain metastases still have limited therapeutic options and an unfavorable prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic avenues, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), which have demonstrated significant clinical activity against active brain metastases in solid tumors. Our objective was to determine the expression levels of the ADC targets Trop-2 and NECTIN-4 in cerebral metastasized CRPC (mCRPC). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of Trop-2 and NECTIN-4 with evaluation of H-score was performed in CRPC brain metastases (n = 31). Additionally, we examined Trop-2 protein expression in prostate cancer cell lines and studied their responsiveness to the anti-Trop-2 ADC Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) in vitro. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that most patients exhibited moderate to strong Trop-2 expression [n = 27/31 with H-score ≥100, median H-score 220 (IQR 180-280)], while NECTIN-4 was absent in all cerebral metastases. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the efficacy of SG depends on Trop-2 expression levels in vitro. Overexpression of Trop-2 in Trop-2-negative PC-3 cells led to sensitization to SG, whereas CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockdown of Trop-2 in Trop-2-expressing DU-145 cells conferred resistance to SG. CONCLUSION The substantial expression of Trop-2 in cerebral metastases, along with our preclinical in vitro results, supports the efficacy of SG in treating cerebral mCRPC. Thus, our results extend the understanding of the potential of ADCs in prostate cancer treatment and provide an additional treatment strategy for the challenging subset of patients with cerebral metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Weiten
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Urology Uro‐Oncology, Robot‐Assisted and Specialized Urologic SurgeryUniversity Hospital CologneKölnGermany
| | - Max Niemann
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Eduard Below
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Lea L. Friker
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Damian J. Ralser
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Department of Gynaecology and Gynaecological OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Marieta Toma
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | | | - Oliver Hahn
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospital GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sabrina Zechel
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Viktor Grünwald
- Clinic for Internal Medicine (Tumor Research) and Clinic for Urology, Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology at the West‐German Cancer CenterUniversity Hospital EssenEssenGermany
| | - Tobias Bald
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Johannes Siewert
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Abdullah Alajati
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Philipp Krausewitz
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Paediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
- Institute of Experimental OncologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany
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Francis JC, Capper A, Rust AG, Ferro K, Ning J, Yuan W, de Bono J, Pettitt SJ, Swain A. Identification of genes that promote PI3K pathway activation and prostate tumour formation. Oncogene 2024; 43:1824-1835. [PMID: 38654106 PMCID: PMC11164682 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We have performed a functional in vivo mutagenesis screen to identify genes that, when altered, cooperate with a heterozygous Pten mutation to promote prostate tumour formation. Two genes, Bzw2 and Eif5a2, which have been implicated in the process of protein translation, were selected for further validation. Using prostate organoid models, we show that either Bzw2 downregulation or EIF5A2 overexpression leads to increased organoid size and in vivo prostate growth. We show that both genes impact the PI3K pathway and drive a sustained increase in phospho-AKT expression, with PTEN protein levels reduced in both models. Mechanistic studies reveal that EIF5A2 is directly implicated in PTEN protein translation. Analysis of patient datasets identified EIF5A2 amplifications in many types of human cancer, including the prostate. Human prostate cancer samples in two independent cohorts showed a correlation between increased levels of EIF5A2 and upregulation of a PI3K pathway gene signature. Consistent with this, organoids with high levels of EIF5A2 were sensitive to AKT inhibitors. Our study identified novel genes that promote prostate cancer formation through upregulation of the PI3K pathway, predicting a strategy to treat patients with genetic aberrations in these genes particularly relevant for EIF5A2 amplified tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Francis
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Amy Capper
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Alistair G Rust
- Genomics Facility, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Genomic Data Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Klea Ferro
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Jian Ning
- Tumour Modelling Facility, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Johann de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Amanda Swain
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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Di H, Wen Y, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Y, Li Y, Sun F. The impact of obesity and sexual behavior on prostate cancer risk is mediated by testosterone levels: a mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis. Prostate Int 2024; 12:96-103. [PMID: 39036754 PMCID: PMC11255935 DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between obesity, sexual behavior, and prostate cancer (PCa) has been widely debated, contributing to a lack of understanding of its potential mechanisms and hindering the development of effective prevention measures. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the causal effect of body mass index (BMI), age at first sexual intercourse (AFS), and bioavailable testosterone levels on PCa while also quantifying the potential roles of mediators. Method We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from genome-wide associations of BMI (152,893 European males), AFS (182,791 European males), bioavailable testosterone (184,205 European males), and PCa (79,148 cases, 61,106 controls, European ancestry). Inverse-variance weighted method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and outlier test were used for MR analyses. Reverse MR and mediation analysis were performed. Data analyses were conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. Results The results showed that genetic liability to BMI was protective of PCa (OR, 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74-0.91; P = 3.29 × 10-4). Genetic liability to later AFS (OR, 1.28; 95% CI: 1.08-1.53; P = 5.64 × 10-3) and higher bioavailable testosterone levels (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01-1.24, P = 0.04) were associated with an increased risk of PCa. All of these potential causal effects could only be forwarded and were not affected by prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening. After controlling for bioavailable testosterone levels, the causal impact of BMI and AFS on PCa was no longer significant. The mediation analysis suggested that the causal influence of AFS/BMI on PCa relied on bioavailable testosterone levels. Conclusion In conclusion, the difference between the univariable and multivariable MR results suggested that the causal influence of BMI and AFS on PCa relied on bioavailable testosterone levels. Further work is needed to identify other risk factors and to elucidate the specific mechanisms that underlie this causal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Di
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Clinical Medical School Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Clinical Medical School Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Clinical Medical School Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Clinical Medical School Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yeqing Wang
- Electronic Information and Engineering College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fanghao Sun
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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29
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Ye J, Zhang C, Zheng L, Wang Q, Wu Q, Tu X, Bao Y, Wei Q. The Impact of Prostate Volume on Prostate Cancer Detection: Comparing Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Transrectal Ultrasound in Biopsy-naïve Men. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 64:1. [PMID: 38694877 PMCID: PMC11059338 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective This study aimed to determine the difference in prostate volume (PV) derived from transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and to further investigate the role of TRUS prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) and mpMRI-PSAD in prostate cancer (PCa) detection in biopsy-naïve men. Methods Patients who underwent an initial prostate biopsy within 3 mo after mpMRI between January 2016 and December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of both TRUS-PSAD and mpMRI-PSAD for PCa detection were calculated and compared. The Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman plot, and receiver operating characteristic curve were also utilized to explore the interests of this study. Key findings and limitations The median prostate-specific antigen level of 875 patients was 9.79 (interquartile range [IQR]: 7.09-13.50) ng/ml. The median mpMRI-PV and TRUS-PV were 41.92 (IQR: 29.29-60.73) and 41.04 (IQR: 29.24-57.27) ml, respectively, demonstrating a strong linear correlation (r = 0.831, 95% confidence interval: 0.809, 0.850; p < 0.01) and sufficient agreement. No significant difference was observed in terms of the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV between TRUS-PSAD and mpMRI-PSAD for any PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) detection. The overall discriminative ability of TRUS-PSAD for detecting PCa or non-PCa, as well as csPCa and non-csPCa, was comparable with that of mpMRI-PSAD, and similar results were also observed in the subsequent analysis stratified by mpMRI-PV quartiles, prostate-specific antigen level, and age. The limitations include the retrospective and single-center nature and a lack of follow-up information. Conclusions and clinical implications TRUS-PV and MRI-PV exhibited a strong linear correlation and reached sufficient agreement. The efficiency of TRUS-PSAD and mpMRI-PSAD for PCa detection was comparable. TRUS could be used for PV estimation and dynamic monitoring of PSAD, and TRUS-PSAD could effectively guide clinical decision-making and optimize diagnostic strategies. Patient summary In this work, prostate volume (PV) derived from transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) exhibited a strong linear correlation with the PV derived from multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). The efficiency of TRUS prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) and mpMRI-PSAD for the detection of prostate cancer was comparable. TRUS could be used for PV estimation and TRUS-PSAD could help in clinical decision-making and optimizing diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Ye
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qihao Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyou Wu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yige Bao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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30
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Lofters AK, Sammott SA, Swayze S, Bender JL, Alibhai SMH, Henry A, Noel K, Datta G. Stage of diagnosis and survival for prostate cancer among immigrant men in Ontario, Canada. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 90:102562. [PMID: 38513543 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously identified specific immigrant groups (West African and Caribbean) with increased incidence of prostate cancer in Ontario, Canada. In this population-level retrospective cohort study, we used administrative databases to compare stage of diagnosis, 5-year overall survival and prostate cancer-specific survival for immigrants versus long-term residents of Ontario. METHODS We linked several provincial-level databases available at ICES, an independent, non-profit research institute. We included all male Ontario residents 20-105 years of age who had an incident prostate cancer diagnosis date between March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2017, stratified into immigrants vs. long-term residents. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the odds of early (stage I-II) vs. late (III-IV) stage of diagnosis, adjusting for age, co-morbidities, neighbourhood income and continuity of care. We produced Kaplan-Meier curves for 5-year overall survival and for 5-year prostate cancer-specific survival. RESULTS Compared to long-term residents, men from West Africa (adjusted odds ratio 1.66 [95% CI 1.16-2.38], East Africa (AOR 1.54 [95% CI 1.02-2.33]) and the Caribbean (AOR 1.22 [95% CI 1.01-1.47]) had a diagnostic stage advantage, and men from South Asia were most likely to be diagnosed at a late stage. In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, overall and prostate cancer-specific survival were higher for immigrants than long-term residents. The highest five-year overall survival was seen for men from Sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean, and the lowest was seen for South Asian men, where 11.7% died within five years of diagnosis. CONCLUSION Immigrant men in Ontario with prostate cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at an early stage and to survive for 5 years than long-term residents. Among immigrant men, men from the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan Africa have the greatest stage and survival advantage and South Asian men the least. Differences in awareness, diagnostic suspicion, genetic predisposition, and social factors may play a role in these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha K Lofters
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Women's Cancers, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Women's College Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; ICES, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Stacie-Ann Sammott
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline L Bender
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shabbir M H Alibhai
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Geetanjali Datta
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Los Angeles, USA
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Brown LK, Kanagasabai T, Li G, Celada SI, Rumph JT, Adunyah SE, Stewart LV, Chen Z. Co-targeting SKP2 and KDM5B inhibits prostate cancer progression by abrogating AKT signaling with induction of senescence and apoptosis. Prostate 2024; 84:877-887. [PMID: 38605532 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-leading cause of cancer mortalities in the United States and is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men. While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first-line treatment option to initial responses, most PCa patients invariably develop castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Therefore, novel and effective treatment strategies are needed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of the combination of two small molecule inhibitors, SZL-P1-41 (SKP2 inhibitor) and PBIT (KDM5B inhibitor), on PCa suppression and to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Human CRPC cell lines, C4-2B and PC3 cells, were treated with small molecular inhibitors alone or in combination, to assess effects on cell proliferation, migration, senescence, and apoptosis. RESULTS SKP2 and KDM5B showed an inverse regulation at the translational level in PCa cells. Cells deficient in SKP2 showed an increase in KDM5B protein level, compared to that in cells expressing SKP2. By contrast, cells deficient in KDM5B showed an increase in SKP2 protein level, compared to that in cells with KDM5B intact. The stability of SKP2 protein was prolonged in KDM5B depleted cells as measured by cycloheximide chase assay. Cells deficient in KDM5B were more vulnerable to SKP2 inhibition, showing a twofold greater reduction in proliferation compared to cells with KDM5B intact (p < 0.05). More importantly, combined inhibition of KDM5B and SKP2 significantly decreased proliferation and migration of PCa cells as compared to untreated controls (p < 0.005). Mechanistically, combined inhibition of KDM5B and SKP2 in PCa cells abrogated AKT activation, resulting in an induction of both cellular senescence and apoptosis, which was measured via Western blot analysis and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. CONCLUSIONS Combined inhibition of KDM5B and SKP2 was more effective at inhibiting proliferation and migration of CRPC cells, and this regimen would be an ideal therapeutic approach of controlling CRPC malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaKendria K Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Guoliang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sherly I Celada
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jelonia T Rumph
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Samuel E Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - LaMonica V Stewart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Fung KFK, Cazzato RL, Tricard T, Marini PDE, Bertucci G, Autrusseau PA, Koch G, Weiss J, Garnon J, Lang H, Gangi A. MR-Guided Transurethral Ultrasound Ablation (TULSA)-An Emerging Minimally Invasive Treatment Option for Localised Prostate Cancer. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2024; 47:689-701. [PMID: 38491163 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-024-03696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The optimal treatment strategy for men with localised prostatic cancer of low and intermediate risk is an actively evolving field. It is important to strike a balance between maximal oncological control and minimal treatment-related complications, which helps preserve the patients' quality of life. MR-guided transurethral ultrasound ablation (TULSA) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for this group of patients. This article aims to provide of a background on TULSA technology, a step-by-step procedural guide of MR-guided TULSA and to summarise the current evidence of TULSA in management of localised prostatic cancer, as well as other potential indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Fen Kevin Fung
- Department of Radiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
- Department of Radiology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Roberto Luigi Cazzato
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thibault Tricard
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre D E Marini
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gregory Bertucci
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Guillaume Koch
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Weiss
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Garnon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hervé Lang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Afshin Gangi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Leung D, Castellani D, Nicoletti R, Dilme RV, Sierra JM, Serni S, Franzese C, Chiacchio G, Galosi AB, Mazzucchelli R, Palagonia E, Dell'Oglio P, Galfano A, Bocciardi AM, Zhao X, Ng CF, Lee HY, Sakamoto S, Vasdev N, Rivas JG, Campi R, Teoh JYC. The Oncological and Functional Prognostic Value of Unconventional Histology of Prostate Cancer in Localized Disease Treated with Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: An International Multicenter 5-Year Cohort Study. Eur Urol Oncol 2024; 7:581-588. [PMID: 38185614 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The impact of prostate cancer of unconventional histology (UH) on oncological and functional outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) receipt is unclear. We compared the impact of cribriform pattern (CP), ductal adenocarcinoma (DAC), and intraductal carcinoma (IDC) in comparison to pure adenocarcinoma (AC) on short- to mid-term oncological and functional results and receipt of aRT after RARP. METHODS We retrospectively collected data for a large international cohort of men with localized prostate cancer treated with RARP between 2016 and 2020. The primary outcomes were biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival, erectile and continence function. aRT receipt was a secondary outcome. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS A total of 3935 patients were included. At median follow-up of 2.8 yr, the rates for BCR incidence (AC 10.7% vs IDC 17%; p < 0.001) and aRT receipt (AC 4.5% vs DAC 6.3% [p = 0.003] vs IDC 11.2% [p < 0.001]) were higher with UH. The 5-yr BCR-free survival rate was significantly poorer for UH groups, with hazard ratios of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-2.40; p = 0.005) for DAC, 5.22 (95% CI 3.41-8.01; p < 0.001) for IDC, and 3.45 (95% CI 2.29-5.20; p < 0.001) for CP in comparison to AC. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of UH doubled the risk of new-onset erectile dysfunction at 1 yr, in comparison to AC (grade group 1-3), with hazard ratios of 2.13 (p < 0.001) for DAC, 2.14 (p < 0.001) for IDC, and 2.01 (p = 0.011) for CP. Moreover, CP, but not IDC or DAC, was associated with a significantly higher risk of incontinence (odds ratio 1.97; p < 0.001). The study is limited by the lack of central histopathological review and relatively short follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS In a large cohort, UH presence was associated with worse short- to mid-term oncological outcomes after RARP. IDC independently predicted a higher rate of aRT receipt. At 1-yr follow-up after RP, patients with UH had three times higher risk of erectile dysfunction post RARP; CP was associated with a twofold higher incontinence rate. PATIENT SUMMARY Among patients with prostate cancer who undergo robot-assisted surgery to remove the prostate, those with less common types of prostate cancer have worse results for cancer control, erection, and urinary continence and a higher probability of receiving additional radiotherapy after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Leung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniele Castellani
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rossella Nicoletti
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Unit of Urological Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Sergio Serni
- Unit of Urological Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carmine Franzese
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Chiacchio
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Erika Palagonia
- Urology Department, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Dell'Oglio
- Urology Department, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Galfano
- Urology Department, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chi Fai Ng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nikhil Vasdev
- Department of Urology, Lister Hospital, East and North Herts NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
| | - Juan Gomez Rivas
- Department of Urology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Riccardo Campi
- Unit of Urological Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Rodrigues PR, Faustino C, Maurício J, Carneiro F. Antiandrogen Withdrawal Syndrome After Discontinuation of Enzalutamide in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Report of Two Clinical Cases and a Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e63506. [PMID: 39081434 PMCID: PMC11288229 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer treatment is based on androgen deprivation, with pharmacological or surgical castration. This treatment may be complemented with the addition of antiandrogenic drugs. In the setting of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression and subsequent suspension of the antiandrogenic drug, there might occur a phenomenon of antiandrogen withdrawal, leading to a decrease in PSA and/or improvement in imaging or clinical outcomes after discontinuation of the antiandrogenic agent. Although there are some descriptions of withdrawal after the cessation of enzalutamide, the physiological mechanism behind it, as well as its frequency and impact on patient survival, remain unknown. We present two clinical cases of antiandrogenic withdrawal after enzalutamide discontinuation and discuss potential contributing factors to this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia R Rodrigues
- Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central (EPE), Porto, PRT
| | - Cátia Faustino
- Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central (EPE), Porto, PRT
| | - Joaquina Maurício
- Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central (EPE), Porto, PRT
| | - Filipa Carneiro
- Medical Oncology, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central (EPE), Porto, PRT
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Li Y, Zhu K, Wang L, Zhang Y, Hou S, Wang W. Effectiveness of web-based intervention on reducing symptom burden, improving self-management capabilities and self-efficacy among prostate cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082709. [PMID: 38821569 PMCID: PMC11149145 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is the most common malignant disease within the male genitourinary system. Advances in cancer screening and treatment have significantly ameliorated the survival rates of patients with prostate cancer. Nonetheless, prostate cancer survivors report various degrees of cancer-related symptoms. These symptoms cause physiological and psychological suffering, leading to a deterioration of quality of life. Web-based interventions may facilitate the management of symptoms due to their flexibility, accessibility and convenience. However, the efficacy of web-based interventions in reducing symptom burden remains to be confirmed. Consequently, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively synthesise existing evidence, evaluate the effectiveness of web-based interventions in reducing symptom burden among patients and furnish a reference for clinical practice. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol strictly adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol guidelines. We will comprehensively search six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO) from their inception to March 2024 in order to identify clinical trials on the efficacy of web-based interventions for prostate cancer survivors. Two reviewers will independently conduct study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. The risk bias of included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomised trials 2.0, and the strength of evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guideline. Meta-analysis will be performed using STATA V.16.0, and the effect size will be calculated using the standardised mean difference and its 95% CI. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochran's Q statics and inconsistency will be measured using the I2 statistics. Potential sources of bias will be evaluated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required for this review as no human participants will be involved. The results will be disseminated via a peer-reviewed journal or an academic conference. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023457718.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Li
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keping Zhu
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sijia Hou
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Park SH, Lee Y, Jeon H, Park J, Kim J, Kang M, Namkung W. Anticancer Effect of Hemin through ANO1 Inhibition in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6032. [PMID: 38892219 PMCID: PMC11172662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin1 (ANO1), a calcium-activated chloride channel, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, including prostate cancer, and is involved in cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Inhibition of ANO1 in these cancer cells exhibits anticancer effects. In this study, we conducted a screening to identify novel ANO1 inhibitors with anticancer effects using PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells. Screening of 2978 approved and investigational drugs revealed that hemin is a novel ANO1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.45 μM. Notably, hemin had no significant effect on intracellular calcium signaling and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cyclic AMP (cAMP)-regulated chloride channel, and it showed a weak inhibitory effect on ANO2 at 3 μM, a concentration that completely inhibits ANO1. Interestingly, hemin also significantly decreased ANO1 protein levels and strongly inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of PC-3 cells in an ANO1-dependent manner. Furthermore, it strongly induced caspase-3 activation, PARP degradation, and apoptosis in PC-3 cells. These findings suggest that hemin possesses anticancer properties via ANO1 inhibition and could be considered for development as a novel treatment for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.P.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Yechan Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.P.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Hyejin Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.P.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Junghwan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.P.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.P.)
| | - Jieun Kim
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mincheol Kang
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Wan Namkung
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.P.); (Y.L.); (H.J.); (J.P.)
- Graduate Program of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (M.K.)
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Yu LP, Du YQ, Sun YR, Qin CP, Yang WB, Huang ZX, Xu T. Value of cognitive fusion targeted and standard systematic transrectal prostate biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis. Asian J Androl 2024:00129336-990000000-00191. [PMID: 38783630 DOI: 10.4103/aja202414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the accuracies of cognitive fusion-guided targeted biopsy (TB), systematic biopsy (SB), and combined TB+SB for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in males with lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We conducted a retrospective analysis of individuals who underwent prostate biopsy at Peking University People's Hospital (Beijing, China), with an emphasis on patients with both transrectal TB and SB. The main objective was to determine the precisions of SB, TB, and TB+SB for diagnosing PCa and csPCa. We also evaluated the detection rates of TB, SB, TB+ipsilateral-SB (ipsi-SB), TB+contralateral-SB (contra-SB), and TB+SB for PCa and csPCa in patients with unilateral MRI lesions. We compared the diagnostic yields of the various biopsy schemes using the McNemar's test. A total of 180 patients were enrolled. The rates of PCa detection using TB, SB, and TB+SB were 52.8%, 62.2%, and 66.7%, respectively, and the corresponding rates for csPCa were 46.1%, 56.7%, and 58.3%, respectively. Among patients with unilateral MRI lesions, the PCa detection rates for TB, SB, TB+ipsi-SB, TB+contra-SB, and TB+SB were 53.3%, 64.8%, 65.6%, 61.5%, and 68.0%, respectively. TB+ipsi-SB detected 96.4% of PCa and 95.9% of csPCa cases. These findings suggest that the combination of TB+SB has better diagnostic accuracy compared with SB or TB alone. For patients with unilateral MRI lesions, the combination of TB+ipsi-SB may be suitable in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ping Yu
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Sheng Y, Chang H, Xue K, Chen J, Jiao T, Cui D, Wang H, Zhang G, Yang Y, Zeng Q. Characterization of prostatic cancer lesion and gleason grade using a continuous-time random-walk diffusion model at high b-values. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1389250. [PMID: 38854720 PMCID: PMC11157027 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1389250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Distinguishing between prostatic cancer (PCa) and chronic prostatitis (CP) is sometimes challenging, and Gleason grading is strongly associated with prognosis in PCa. The continuous-time random-walk diffusion (CTRW) model has shown potential in distinguishing between PCa and CP as well as predicting Gleason grading. Purpose This study aimed to quantify the CTRW parameters (α, β & Dm) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of PCa and CP tissues; and then assess the diagnostic value of CTRW and ADC parameters in differentiating CP from PCa and low-grade PCa from high-grade PCa lesions. Study type Retrospective (retrospective analysis using prospective designed data). Population Thirty-one PCa patients undergoing prostatectomy (mean age 74 years, range 64-91 years), and thirty CP patients undergoing prostate needle biopsies (mean age 68 years, range 46-79 years). Field strength/Sequence MRI scans on a 3.0T scanner (uMR790, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China). DWI were acquired with 12 b-values (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 500, 800, 1200, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 s/mm2). Assessment CTRW parameters and ADC were quantified in PCa and CP lesions. Statistical tests The Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in CTRW parameters and ADC between PCa and CP, high-grade PCa, and low-grade PCa. Spearman's correlation of the pathologic grading group (GG) with CTRW parameters and ADC was evaluated. The usefulness of CTRW parameters, ADC, and their combinations (Dm, α and β; Dm, α, β, and ADC) to differentiate PCa from CP and high-grade PCa from low-grade PCa was determined by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Delong test was used to compare the differences among AUCs. Results Significant differences were found for the CTRW parameters (α, Dm) between CP and PCa (all P<0.001), high-grade PCa, and low-grade PCa (α:P=0.024, Dm:P=0.021). GG is correlated with certain CTRW parameters and ADC(α:P<0.001,r=-0.795; Dm:P<0.001,r=-0.762;ADC:P<0.001,r=-0.790). Moreover, CTRW parameters (α, β, Dm) combined with ADC showed the best diagnostic efficacy for distinguishing between PCa and CP as well as predicting Gleason grading. The differences among AUCs of ADC, CTRW parameters and their combinations were not statistically significant (P=0.051-0.526). Conclusion CTRW parameters α and Dm, as well as their combination were beneficial to distinguish between CA and PCa, low-grade PCa and high-grade PCa lesions, and CTRW parameters and ADC had comparable diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Sheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huan Chang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Magnenic Resonance (MR) Collaboration, United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dongqing Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Magnenic Resonance (MR) Collaboration, United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshi Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhang G, Wang Y, Lu S, Ding F, Wang X, Zhu C, Wang Y, Wang K. Molecular understanding and clinical outcomes of CAR T cell therapy in the treatment of urological tumors. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:359. [PMID: 38789450 PMCID: PMC11126652 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T (CAR T) cell therapy has developed rapidly in recent years, leading to profound developments in oncology, especially for hematologic malignancies. However, given the pressure of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, antigen escape, and diverse other factors, its application in solid tumors is less developed. Urinary system tumors are relatively common, accounting for approximately 24% of all new cancers in the United States. CAR T cells have great potential for urinary system tumors. This review summarizes the latest developments of CAR T cell therapy in urinary system tumors, including kidney cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer, and also outlines the various CAR T cell generations and their pathways and targets that have been developed thus far. Finally, the current advantages, problems, and side effects of CAR T cell therapy are discussed in depth, and potential future developments are proposed in view of current shortcomings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shiyang Lu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fengzhu Ding
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Chunming Zhu
- Department of Family Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Zhou Y, Shan H, Wu C, Chen H, Shen Y, Shi W, Wang L, Li Q. The mediating effect of self-efficacy on family functioning and psychological resilience in prostate cancer patients. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1392167. [PMID: 38831951 PMCID: PMC11144876 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1392167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Prostate cancer patients face impaired body image and psychological distress during the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, which leads to changes in mood, cognition and behavior. Psychological resilience has been shown to buffer shocks and stresses from the disease. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between family functioning and psychological resilience in prostate cancer patients and the mediating role of self-efficacy between family functioning and psychological resilience to provide a relevant theoretical basis for improving patients' psychological status by providing relevant theoretical basis. Method Using a cross-sectional design, participants were 215 patients with prostate cancer admitted to and treated in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu province, China. Questionnaires were administered using the general information questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolution Index (APGAR), and the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES). Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational analyses and the bootstrap mediation test was used to test the effect relationship between the variables. Results Family functioning, self-efficacy and psychological resilience were significantly and positively correlated (r = 0.526, P < 0.01; r = 0.378, P < 0.01; r = 0.358, P < 0.01). The mediating effect of psychological resilience between family functioning and psychological resilience was significant, accounting for 42.56%. Conclusion Family function and self-efficacy have been shown to increase the level of psychological resilience in prostate cancer patients. Attention should be paid to the mental health problems of prostate cancer patients, early screening and intervention, and the use of patients' family resources to improve their confidence in recovering from the disease, thus increasing their psychological resilience and improving their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Honglan Shan
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
- Nursing Department, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University and The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Cuigan Wu
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
- Nursing Department, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University and The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- Department of Urology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Wenying Shi
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
- Department of Oncology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Lina Wang
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Qinghe Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
- Nursing Department, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University and The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
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Huang K, Luo L, Hong R, Zhao H, Li Y, Jiang Y, Feng Y, Fu Q, Zhou H, Li F. A novel model incorporating quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound into PI-RADSv2-based nomogram detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11083. [PMID: 38745087 PMCID: PMC11093975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADSv2) is limited by subjectivity in result interpretation and the false positive results from certain similar anatomic structures. We aimed to establish a new model combining quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound, PI-RADSv2, clinical parameters to optimize the PI-RADSv2-based model. The analysis was conducted based on a data set of 151 patients from 2019 to 2022, multiple regression analysis showed that prostate specific antigen density, age, PI-RADSv2, quantitative parameters (rush time, wash-out area under the curve) were independent predictors. Based on these predictors, we established a new predictive model, the AUCs of the model were 0.910 and 0.879 in training and validation cohort, which were higher than those of PI-RADSv2-based model (0.865 and 0.821 in training and validation cohort). Net Reclassification Index analysis indicated that the new predictive model improved the classification of patients. Decision curve analysis showed that in most risk probabilities, the new predictive model improved the clinical utility of PI-RADSv2-based model. Generally, this new predictive model showed that quantitative parameters from contrast enhanced ultrasound could help to improve the diagnostic performance of PI-RADSv2 based model in detecting csPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ruixia Hong
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Huai Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yaohuang Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Qihuan Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 181 Hangyulu, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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Liu ZY, Huang RH. Integrating single-cell RNA-sequencing and bulk RNA-sequencing data to explore the role of mitophagy-related genes in prostate cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30766. [PMID: 38774081 PMCID: PMC11107114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy of the male urinary system. Mitophagy, as a type of autophagy, can remove damaged mitochondria in cells. Mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) have been shown to play critical roles in the development of PCa. To this end, based on the comprehensive analysis of RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data of PCa samples and their controls, this paper identified PCa subtypes and constructed a prognostic model. In this paper, we downloaded scRNA-seq and RNA-seq data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and TCGA database. Based on the R package "Seurat" to process the scRNA-seq data, a total of five cell types were identified. Each cell population was scored based on the R package "AUCell" and using the intersection genes between MRGs and each cell population. The B cell population was then identified as a high-scoring cell population. Differentially expressed genes in RNA-seq data were identified based on the R package "limma" and intersected with previously intersected genes. Then, based on univariate Cox regression analysis and Lasso-Cox regression analysis, the prognostic genes were screened, and the risk model was constructed (composed of ADH5, CAT, BCAT2, DCXR, OGT, and FUS). The model is validated on internal and external test sets. Independent prognostic analysis identified age, N stage, and risk score as independent prognostic factors. This paper's risk models and prognostic genes can provide a reference for developing novel therapeutic targets for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ganzhou People's Hospital (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Ruo-Hui Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gan Zhou, Jiang xi, 341000, China
- Jiangxi Stone Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center, Gan Zhou, Jiang xi, 341000, China
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Gartrell BA, Phalguni A, Bajko P, Mundle SD, McCarthy SA, Brookman-May SD, De Solda F, Jain R, Yu Ko W, Ploussard G, Hadaschik B. Influential Factors Impacting Treatment Decision-making and Decision Regret in Patients with Localized or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review. Eur Urol Oncol 2024:S2588-9311(24)00106-8. [PMID: 38744587 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Treatment decision-making (TDM) for patients with localized (LPC) or locally advanced (LAPC) prostate cancer is complex, and post-treatment decision regret (DR) is common. The factors driving TDM or predicting DR remain understudied. OBJECTIVE Two systematic literature reviews were conducted to explore the factors associated with TDM and DR. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Three online databases, select congress proceedings, and gray literature were searched (September 2022). Publications on TDM and DR in LPC/LAPC were prioritized based on the following: 2012 onward, ≥100 patients, journal article, and quantitative data. The Preferred Reporting Items Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed. Influential factors were those with p < 0.05; for TDM, factors described as "a decision driver", "associated", "influential", or "significant" were also included. The key factors were determined by number of studies, consistency of evidence, and study quality. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Seventy-five publications (68 studies) reported TDM. Patient participation in TDM was reported in 34 publications; overall, patients preferred an active/shared role. Of 39 influential TDM factors, age, ethnicity, external factors (physician recommendation most common), and treatment characteristics/toxicity were key. Forty-nine publications reported DR. The proportion of patients experiencing DR varied by treatment type: 7-43% (active surveillance), 12-57% (radical prostatectomy), 1-49% (radiotherapy), 28-49% (androgen-deprivation therapy), and 21-47% (combination therapy). Of 42 significant DR factors, treatment toxicity (sexual/urinary/bowel dysfunction), patient role in TDM, and treatment type were key. CONCLUSIONS The key factors impacting TDM were physician recommendation, age, ethnicity, and treatment characteristics. Treatment toxicity and TDM approach were the key factors influencing DR. To help patients navigate factors influencing TDM and to limit DR, a shared, consensual TDM approach between patients, caregivers, and physicians is needed. PATIENT SUMMARY We looked at factors influencing treatment decision-making (TDM) and decision regret (DR) in patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The key factors influencing TDM were doctor's recommendation, patient age/ethnicity, and treatment side effects. A shared, consensual TDM approach between patients and doctors was found to limit DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Gartrell
- Departments of Oncology and Urology, Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Angaja Phalguni
- Evidence Synthesis, Genesis Research Group, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paulina Bajko
- Evidence Synthesis, Genesis Research Group, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Suneel D Mundle
- Global Medical Affairs, Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Sharon A McCarthy
- Clinical Research Oncology, Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Sabine D Brookman-May
- Clinical Research Oncology, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA; Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany
| | - Francesco De Solda
- Global Commercial Strategy Organization, Janssen Global Services, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Ruhee Jain
- Global Commercial Strategy Organization, Janssen Global Services, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Wellam Yu Ko
- University of British Columbia Men's Health Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Gupta P, Heffter T, Zubair M, Hsu IC, Burdette EC, Diederich CJ. Treatment Planning Strategies for Interstitial Ultrasound Ablation of Prostate Cancer. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 5:362-375. [PMID: 38899026 PMCID: PMC11186654 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2024.3397965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop patient-specific 3D models using Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations and pre-treatment planning tools for the selective thermal ablation of prostate cancer with interstitial ultrasound. This involves the integration with a FDA 510(k) cleared catheter-based ultrasound interstitial applicators and delivery system. METHODS A 3D generalized "prostate" model was developed to generate temperature and thermal dose profiles for different applicator operating parameters and anticipated perfusion ranges. A priori planning, based upon these pre-calculated lethal thermal dose and iso-temperature clouds, was devised for iterative device selection and positioning. Full 3D patient-specific anatomic modeling of actual placement of single or multiple applicators to conformally ablate target regions can be applied, with optional integrated pilot-point temperature-based feedback control and urethral/rectum cooling. These numerical models were verified against previously reported ex-vivo experimental results obtained in soft tissues. RESULTS For generic prostate tissue, 360 treatment schemes were simulated based on the number of transducers (1-4), applied power (8-20 W/cm2), heating time (5, 7.5, 10 min), and blood perfusion (0, 2.5, 5 kg/m3/s) using forward treatment modelling. Selectable ablation zones ranged from 0.8-3.0 cm and 0.8-5.3 cm in radial and axial directions, respectively. 3D patient-specific thermal treatment modeling for 12 Cases of T2/T3 prostate disease demonstrate applicability of workflow and technique for focal, quadrant and hemi-gland ablation. A temperature threshold (e.g., Tthres = 52 °C) at the treatment margin, emulating placement of invasive temperature sensing, can be applied for pilot-point feedback control to improve conformality of thermal ablation. Also, binary power control (e.g., Treg = 45 °C) can be applied which will regulate the applied power level to maintain the surrounding temperature to a safe limit or maximum threshold until the set heating time. CONCLUSIONS Prostate-specific simulations of interstitial ultrasound applicators were used to generate a library of thermal-dose distributions to visually optimize and set applicator positioning and directivity during a priori treatment planning pre-procedure. Anatomic 3D forward treatment planning in patient-specific models, along with optional temperature-based feedback control, demonstrated single and multi-applicator implant strategies to effectively ablate focal disease while affording protection of normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Gupta
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA94115USA
| | | | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
| | - I-Chow Hsu
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA94115USA
| | | | - Chris J. Diederich
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA94115USA
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Karaca E, Kisa E, Cakici MC, Cetin T, Yalcin MY, Ozbilen MH, Bildirici C, Koc G. Predictors of Metastasis in 68GA-Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Pet-CT in the Primary Staging of Prostate Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2774. [PMID: 38792316 PMCID: PMC11121896 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate factors influencing Gallium 68 Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography (Ga68 PSMA PET-CT) uptake for primary staging in prostate cancer. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 499 non-metastatic and 243 de novo metastatic prostate cancer cases undergoing Ga68 PSMA PET-CT. Demographic, clinical, and imaging data were collected and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression determined independent risk factors for metastasis detection on Ga68 PSMA PET-CT. Results: Metastatic cases showed higher levels of total PSA, PSA density (dPSA) and biopsy ISUP grade group compared to non-metastatic cases. Multivariate analysis identified cT2 stage and dPSA as independent predictors of metastasis detection on Ga68 PSMA PET-CT. Conclusions: Ga68 PSMA PET-CT plays a crucial role in prostate cancer staging, with identified factors such as clinical T stage and dPSA significantly impacting its diagnostic accuracy. These findings underscore the importance of Ga68 PSMA PET-CT in refining clinical staging and guiding treatment decisions for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkin Karaca
- Department of Urology, Izmir City Hospital, Izmir 35540, Turkey
| | - Erdem Kisa
- Department of Urology, Izmir Medicana International Hospital, Izmir 35170, Turkey;
| | | | - Taha Cetin
- Department of Urology, Izmir Medicalpoint Hospital, Izmir 35575, Turkey; (T.C.); (G.K.)
| | - Mehmet Yigit Yalcin
- Department of Urology, Sakarya Sadika Sabanci Hospital, Sakarya 54580, Turkey;
| | | | - Cagdas Bildirici
- Department of Urology, Bitlis State Hospital, Bitlis 13000, Turkey;
| | - Gokhan Koc
- Department of Urology, Izmir Medicalpoint Hospital, Izmir 35575, Turkey; (T.C.); (G.K.)
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Zhang Q, Zhu L, Yuan S, Lu S, Zhang X. Identifying risk factors for hypoxemia during emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:200. [PMID: 38713381 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) has emerged as an effective treatment for prostate cancer with obvious advantages. This study aims to identify risk factors related to hypoxemia during the emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. A cohort of 316 patients undergoing RALP was divided into two groups: the hypoxemia group (N = 134) and the non-hypoxemia group (N = 182), based on their postoperative oxygen fraction. Comprehensive data were collected from the hospital information system, including preoperative baseline parameters, intraoperative data, and postoperative recovery profiles. Risk factors were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. The study showed that 38.9% of patients had low preoperative partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) levels. Several clinical parameters showed significant differences between the hypoxemia group and the non-hypoxemia group, including weight (P < 0.0001), BMI (P < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.044), history of emphysema and pulmonary alveoli (P < 0.0001), low preoperative PaO2 (P < 0.0001), preoperative white blood cell count (P = 0.012), preoperative albumin (P = 0.048), intraoperative bleeding (P = 0.043), intraoperative CO2 accumulation (P = 0.001), duration of surgery (P = 0.046), postoperative hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), postoperative hypoxemia (P = 0.002), and early postoperative fever (P = 0.006). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed BMI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.696, 95% confidence interval 0.612-0.719), low preoperative PaO2 (adjusted odds ratio = 9.119, 95% confidence interval 4.834-17.203), and history of emphysema and pulmonary alveoli (adjusted odds ratio = 2.804, 95% confidence interval 1.432-5.491) as independent factors significantly associated with hypoxemia on emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. Our results demonstrate that BMI, lower preoperative PaO2, and a history of emphysema and pulmonary alveolar disease are independent risk factors associated with hypoxemia on emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. These findings provide a theoretical framework for surgeons and anesthesiologists to facilitate strategies to mitigate postoperative hypoxemia in this unique patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengjie Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shunmei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Pedrani M, Salfi G, Merler S, Testi I, Cani M, Turco F, Trevisi E, Tortola L, Treglia G, Di Tanna GL, Vogl U, Gillessen S, Theurillat JP, Pereira Mestre R. Prognostic and Predictive Role of SPOP Mutations in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol Oncol 2024:S2588-9311(24)00103-2. [PMID: 38704358 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mutations in the speckle-type POZ (SPOP) gene are frequently identified in prostate cancer (PC); yet, prognostic implications for affected patients remain unclear. Limited consensus exists regarding tailored treatments for SPOP-mutant (SPOPmut) PC. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the prognostic and predictive significance of SPOP mutations across distinct PC stages and treatments. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus was conducted up to January 29, 2024. The meta-analysis included studies comparing survival outcomes between SPOPmut and SPOP wild-type (SPOPwt) PC. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS From 669 records, 26 studies (including five abstracts) were analyzed. A meta-analysis of metastasis-free survival in localized (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.88; p < 0.01) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic PC (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.76; p < 0.01) showed a favorable prognosis for patients with SPOPmut PC. In metastatic settings, SPOP mutations correlated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and OS in patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy ± androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.76, p < 0.01, and HR: 0.60, 95% CI:0.46-0.79, p < 0.01, respectively). In metastatic castration-resistant PC, only abiraterone provided improved PFS and OS to patients with SPOP mutations compared with patients with SPOPwt, but data were limited. SPOP mutations did not correlate with improved PFS (p = 0.80) or OS (p = 0.27) for docetaxel. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SPOPmut PC seem to exhibit superior oncological outcomes compared with patients with SPOPwt. Tailored risk stratification and treatment approaches should be explored in such patients. PATIENT SUMMARY Speckle-type POZ (SPOP) mutations could be a favorable prognostic factor in patients with prostate cancer (PC) and may also predict better progression-free and overall survival than treatment with hormonal agents. Therefore, less intensified treatments omitting chemotherapy for patients with SPOP-mutant PC should be explored in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Pedrani
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Salfi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sara Merler
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Section of Innovation Biomedicine - Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Irene Testi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cani
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Fabio Turco
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elena Trevisi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Tortola
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gian Luca Di Tanna
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Vogl
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Theurillat
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Pereira Mestre
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Clinical Research Unit, myDoctorAngel Sagl, Bioggio, Switzerland.
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Zhang H, Zhou Y, Feng Y, Hou W, Chen Y, Xing Z, Zhang Y, Wei Q, Yin Y, Guo J, Hu H. Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 deficiency reprogrammes cellular metabolism to alleviate ferroptosis potential and promote the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1678. [PMID: 38736108 PMCID: PMC11089090 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12)-deficient prostate cancer defines a subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with a poor prognosis. Current therapy, including PARP inhibitors, shows minimal treatment efficacy for this subtype of CRPC, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. METHODS Based on bioinformatics analysis, we evaluated the relationship between CDK12 deficiency and prostate cancer patient's prognosis and treatment resistance. Furthermore, we used CRISPR-Cas9 technology and mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling to reveal the metabolic characteristics of CDK12-deficient CRPC. To elucidate the specific mechanisms of CDK12 deficiency-mediated CRPC metabolic reprogramming, we utilized cell RNA-seq profiling and other molecular biology techniques, including cellular reactive oxygen species probes, mitochondrial function assays, ChIP-qPCR and RNA stability analyses, to clarify the role of CDK12 in regulating mitochondrial function and its contribution to ferroptosis. Finally, through in vitro drug sensitivity testing and in vivo experiments in mice, we identified the therapeutic effects of the electron transport chain (ETC) inhibitor IACS-010759 on CDK12-deficient CRPC. RESULTS CDK12-deficient prostate cancers reprogramme cellular energy metabolism to support their aggressive progression. In particular, CDK12 deficiency enhanced the mitochondrial respiratory chain for electronic transfer and ATP synthesis to create a ferroptosis potential in CRPC cells. However, CDK12 deficiency downregulated ACSL4 expression, which counteracts the lipid oxidation stress, leading to the escape of CRPC cells from ferroptosis. Furthermore, targeting the ETC substantially inhibited the proliferation of CDK12-deficient CRPC cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a potential new target for the therapy of CDK12-deficient prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that energy and lipid metabolism in CDK12-deficient CRPC work together to drive CRPC progression and provide a metabolic insight into the worse prognosis of CDK12-deficient prostate cancer patients. KEY POINTS CDK12 deficiency promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression by reprogramming cellular metabolism. CDK12 deficiency in CRPC leads to a more active mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), ensuring efficient cell energy supply. CDK12 phosphorylates RNA Pol II to ensure the transcription of ACSL4 to regulate ferroptosis. Mitochondrial ETC inhibitors exhibit better selectivity for CDK12-deficient CRPC cells, offering a promising new therapeutic approach for this subtype of CRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Zhang
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Yating Feng
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Wenli Hou
- Department of UrologyNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yafei Chen
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Zengzhen Xing
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of UrologyNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of UrologyNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Ju Guo
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Hailiang Hu
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of GuangdongSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
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Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2024; 74:229-263. [PMID: 38572751 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This article presents global cancer statistics by world region for the year 2022 based on updated estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). There were close to 20 million new cases of cancer in the year 2022 (including nonmelanoma skin cancers [NMSCs]) alongside 9.7 million deaths from cancer (including NMSC). The estimates suggest that approximately one in five men or women develop cancer in a lifetime, whereas around one in nine men and one in 12 women die from it. Lung cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2022, responsible for almost 2.5 million new cases, or one in eight cancers worldwide (12.4% of all cancers globally), followed by cancers of the female breast (11.6%), colorectum (9.6%), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (4.9%). Lung cancer was also the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18.7%), followed by colorectal (9.3%), liver (7.8%), female breast (6.9%), and stomach (6.8%) cancers. Breast cancer and lung cancer were the most frequent cancers in women and men, respectively (both cases and deaths). Incidence rates (including NMSC) varied from four-fold to five-fold across world regions, from over 500 in Australia/New Zealand (507.9 per 100,000) to under 100 in Western Africa (97.1 per 100,000) among men, and from over 400 in Australia/New Zealand (410.5 per 100,000) to close to 100 in South-Central Asia (103.3 per 100,000) among women. The authors examine the geographic variability across 20 world regions for the 10 leading cancer types, discussing recent trends, the underlying determinants, and the prospects for global cancer prevention and control. With demographics-based predictions indicating that the number of new cases of cancer will reach 35 million by 2050, investments in prevention, including the targeting of key risk factors for cancer (including smoking, overweight and obesity, and infection), could avert millions of future cancer diagnoses and save many lives worldwide, bringing huge economic as well as societal dividends to countries over the forthcoming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Laversanne
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Hyuna Sung
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacques Ferlay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Fujita M, Suzuki I, Mizuno T, Kobayashi H, Kambara T. The Development of IgE Multiple Myeloma Following Treatment for Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e59732. [PMID: 38841024 PMCID: PMC11152359 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report documents the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) in a 74-year-old man following treatment for locally advanced prostate cancer. It is important to include MM in the differential diagnosis when the patient presents with nonspecific symptoms such as back pain, anemia, and renal impairment in the absence of a prominent increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The present case was diagnosed as IgE MM with a poor prognosis. Prompt diagnosis and intervention of MM is necessary to avoid complications, including renal impairment.
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