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Li W, Huang X, Wei Y, Yin T, Diao L. Connecting the dots: the role of fatigue in female infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:66. [PMID: 38849828 PMCID: PMC11157719 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatigue, an increasingly acknowledged symptom in various chronic diseases, has garnered heightened attention, during the medical era of bio-psycho-social model. Its persistence not only significantly compromises an individual's quality of life but also correlates with chronic organ damage. Surprisingly, the intricate relationship between fatigue and female reproductive health, specifically infertility, remains largely unexplored. Our exploration into the existing body of evidence establishes a compelling link between fatigue with uterine and ovarian diseases, as well as conditions associated with infertility, such as rheumatism. This observation suggests a potentially pivotal role of fatigue in influencing overall female fertility. Furthermore, we propose a hypothetical mechanism elucidating the impact of fatigue on infertility from multiple perspectives, postulating that neuroendocrine, neurotransmitter, inflammatory immune, and mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from fatigue and its co-factors may further contribute to endocrine disorders, menstrual irregularities, and sexual dysfunction, ultimately leading to infertility. In addition to providing this comprehensive theoretical framework, we summarize anti-fatigue strategies and accentuate current knowledge gaps. By doing so, our aim is to offer novel insights, stimulate further research, and advance our understanding of the crucial interplay between fatigue and female reproductive health.
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Grants
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82371684, 82271672 General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- JCRCWL-2022-001 the Interdisciplinary Innovative Talents Foundation from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
- 2022A1515010650, 2023A1515011675 the General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, The University of Hong Kong- Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, China
| | - Yiqiu Wei
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518045, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri- implantation, Shenzhen, 518045, China.
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Hinks A, Dalton BE, Mashouri P, Flewwelling LD, Pyle WG, Cheng AJ, Power GA. Time course changes in in vivo muscle mechanical function and Ca 2+ regulation of force following experimentally induced gradual ovarian failure in mice. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:711-728. [PMID: 38500268 PMCID: PMC11061627 DOI: 10.1113/ep091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The abrupt cessation of ovarian hormone release is associated with declines in muscle contractile function, yet the impact of gradual ovarian failure on muscle contractility across peri-, early- and late-stage menopause remains unclear. In this study, a 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced ovarian failure mouse model was used to examine time course changes in muscle mechanical function. Plantar flexors of female mice (VCD: n = 10; CON: n = 8) were assessed at 40 (early perimenopause), 80 (late perimenopause), 120 (menopause onset) and 176 (late menopause) days post-initial VCD injection. A torque-frequency relationship was established across a range of frequencies (10-200 Hz). Isotonic dynamic contractions were elicited against relative loads (10-80% maximal isometric torque) to determine the torque-velocity-power relationship. Mice then performed a fatigue task using intermittent 100 Hz isometric contractions until torque dropped by 60%. Recovery of twitch, 10 Hz and 100 Hz torque were tracked for 10 min post-task failure. Additionally, intact muscle fibres from the flexor digitorum brevis underwent a fatigue task (50 repetitions at 70 Hz), and 10 and 100 Hz tetanic [Ca2+] were monitored for 10 min afterward. VCD mice exhibited 16% lower twitch torque than controls across all time points. Apart from twitch torque, 10 Hz torque and 10 Hz tetanic [Ca2+], where VCD showed greater values relative to pre-fatigue during recovery, no significant differences were observed between control and VCD mice during recovery. These results indicate that gradual ovarian failure has minimal detriments to in vivo muscle mechanical function, with minor alterations observed primarily for low-frequency stimulation during recovery from fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery Hinks
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Benjamin E. Dalton
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Parastoo Mashouri
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Luke D. Flewwelling
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of HealthYork UniversityTorontoCanada
| | - William Glen Pyle
- IMPART Team Canada, Dalhousie MedicineDalhousie UniversitySaint JohnNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Arthur J. Cheng
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of HealthYork UniversityTorontoCanada
| | - Geoffrey A. Power
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
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Sullivan BP, Collins BC, McMillin SL, Toussaint E, Stein CZ, Spangenburg EE, Lowe DA. Ablation of skeletal muscle estrogen receptor alpha impairs contractility in male mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:764-773. [PMID: 38328824 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00714.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Estradiol and estrogen receptor α (ERα) have been shown to be important for the maintenance of skeletal muscle strength in females; however, little is known about the roles of estradiol and ERα in male muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine if skeletal muscle ERα is required for optimal contractility in male mice. We hypothesize that reduced ERα in skeletal muscle impairs contractility in male mice. Skeletal muscle-specific knockout (skmERαKO) male mice exhibited reduced strength across multiple muscles and several contractile parameters related to force generation and kinetics compared with wild-type littermates (skmERαWT). Isolated EDL muscle-specific isometric tetanic force, peak twitch force, peak concentric and peak eccentric forces, as well as the maximal rates of force development and relaxation were 11%-21% lower in skmERαKO compared with skmERαWT mice. In contrast, isolated soleus muscles from skmERαKO mice were not affected. In vivo peak torque of the anterior crural muscles was 20% lower in skmERαKO compared with skmERαWT mice. Muscle masses, contractile protein contents, fiber types, phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain, and caffeine-elicited force did not differ between muscles of skmERαKO and skmERαWT mice, suggesting that strength deficits were not due to size, composition, or calcium release components of muscle contraction. These results indicate that in male mice, reduced skeletal muscle ERα blunts contractility to a magnitude similar to that previously reported in females; however, the mechanism may be sexually dimorphic.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We comprehensively measured in vitro and in vivo contractility of leg muscles with reduced estrogen receptor α (ERα) in male mice and reported that force generation and contraction kinetics are impaired. In contrast to findings in females, phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain cannot account for low force production in male skeletal muscle ERα knockout mice. These results indicate that ERα is required for optimal contractility in males and females but via sexually dimorphic means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Sullivan
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Brittany C Collins
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Shawna L McMillin
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Elise Toussaint
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Clara Z Stein
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Espen E Spangenburg
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | - Dawn A Lowe
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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Mashouri P, Saboune J, Pyle WG, Power GA. Effects of chemically induced ovarian failure on single muscle fiber contractility in a mouse model of menopause. Maturitas 2024; 180:107885. [PMID: 38061310 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menopause is associated with impaired skeletal muscle contractile function. The temporal and mechanistic bases of this dysfunction are unknown. Using a mouse model of menopause, we identified how gradual ovarian failure affects single muscle fiber contractility. STUDY DESIGN Ovarian failure was chemically induced over 120 days, representing the perimenopausal transition. Mice were sacrificed and soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles were dissected and chemically permeabilized for single fiber mechanical testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Muscle fiber contractility was assessed via force, rate of force redevelopment, instantaneous stiffness, and calcium sensitivity. RESULTS Peak force and cross-sectional area of the soleus were, respectively, ~33 % and ~24 % greater following ovarian failure compared with controls (p < 0.05) with no differences in force produced by the extensor digitorum longus across groups (p > 0.05). Upon normalizing force to cross-sectional area there were no differences across groups (p > 0.05). Following ovarian failure, rate of force redevelopment of single fibers from the soleus was ~33 % faster compared with controls. There was no shift in the midpoint of the force‑calcium curve between groups or muscles (p > 0.05). However, following ovarian failure, Type I fibers from the soleus had a higher calcium sensitivity between pCa values of 4.5 and 6.2 compared with controls (p < 0.05), with no differences for Type II fibers or the extensor digitorum longus (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In our model of menopause, alterations to muscle contractility were less evident than in ovariectomized models. This divergence across models highlights the importance of better approximating the natural trajectory of menopause during and after the transitional phase of ovarian failure on neuromuscular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Mashouri
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jinan Saboune
- IMPART Team Canada, Dalhousie Medicine, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada; Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | - W Glen Pyle
- IMPART Team Canada, Dalhousie Medicine, Dalhousie University, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada; Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Geoffrey A Power
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Juillard E, Douchet T, Paizis C, Babault N. Impact of the Menstrual Cycle on Physical Performance and Subjective Ratings in Elite Academy Women Soccer Players. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:16. [PMID: 38251290 PMCID: PMC10820559 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to combine psychological and physical factors to explore the impact of the menstrual cycle on performance in elite academy women soccer players through weekly monitoring. Eighteen elite academy women soccer players were monitored. Players reported daily through an online anonymous survey if they were in menstruation. Players answered the Hooper Questionnaire daily, performed an Illinois Agility Test (IAT) twice a week, and rated their perceived exertion (RPE) after every training session. Tests were associated with a complete menstrual cycle reported through the online anonymous survey to determine the two weeks of the follicular phase and the two weeks of the luteal phase. Of the 18 players, 10 completed all requirements and were retained for analyses. IAT did not show significant differences throughout the menstrual cycle (p = 0.633). Fatigue (p = 0.444), Stress (p = 0.868), Sleep (p = 0.398), DOMS (delayed onset muscle soreness; p = 0.725), and Hooper Index (p = 0.403) did not show significant differences either. RPE was also comparable across the cycle (p = 0.846). Our results failed to demonstrate that hormonal variation during the menstrual cycle influenced psychological and physical markers of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Juillard
- Dijon Football Côte d’Or (DFCO), 17 Rue du Stade, 21000 Dijon, France; (E.J.); (T.D.)
| | - Tom Douchet
- Dijon Football Côte d’Or (DFCO), 17 Rue du Stade, 21000 Dijon, France; (E.J.); (T.D.)
- Center for Performance Expertise, CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Sport Science Faculty, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 3 Allée des Stades Universitaires, BP 27877, CEDEX, 21078 Dijon, France;
| | - Christos Paizis
- Center for Performance Expertise, CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Sport Science Faculty, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 3 Allée des Stades Universitaires, BP 27877, CEDEX, 21078 Dijon, France;
| | - Nicolas Babault
- Center for Performance Expertise, CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Sport Science Faculty, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 3 Allée des Stades Universitaires, BP 27877, CEDEX, 21078 Dijon, France;
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Venkatesh VS, Nie T, Zajac JD, Grossmann M, Davey RA. The Utility of Preclinical Models in Understanding the Bone Health of Transgender Individuals Undergoing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:825-841. [PMID: 37707757 PMCID: PMC10724092 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarise the evidence regarding the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on bone health in transgender people, to identify key knowledge gaps and how these gaps can be addressed using preclinical rodent models. RECENT FINDINGS Sex hormones play a critical role in bone physiology, yet there is a paucity of research regarding the effects of GAHT on bone microstructure and fracture risk in transgender individuals. The controlled clinical studies required to yield fracture data are unethical to conduct making clinically translatable preclinical research of the utmost importance. Novel genetic and surgical preclinical models have yielded significant mechanistic insight into the roles of sex steroids on skeletal integrity. Preclinical models of GAHT have the potential inform clinical approaches to preserve skeletal integrity and prevent fractures in transgender people undergoing GAHT. This review highlights the key considerations required to ensure the information gained from preclinical models of GAHT are informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun S Venkatesh
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Tian Nie
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Jeffrey D Zajac
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Mathis Grossmann
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Rachel A Davey
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia.
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Dos Anjos L, Rodrigues F, Scataglini S, Baptista RR, Lobo da Costa P, Vieira MF. Trunk variability and local dynamic stability during gait after generalized fatigue induced by incremental exercise test in young women in different phases of the menstrual cycle. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16223. [PMID: 37901461 PMCID: PMC10607266 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify how generalized fatigue along with hormonal changes throughout the menstrual cycle affects trunk variability and local dynamic stability during gait. Methods General fatigue was induced by an incremental test on a treadmill, and the menstrual cycle was divided into three phases: follicular, ovulatory, and luteal. Twenty-six healthy, young volunteers (aged 18 to 28 years) who did not use oral contraceptives or other hormonal drugs with a regular menstrual cycle participated in the study. They walked on the treadmill for 4 min at the preferred speed, before the incremental test, followed by four sets of 4 min alternating between walking, also at preferred speed, and resting. From trunk kinematic data, the following were extracted: the mean of the standard deviation along strides, as a measure of variability, and the maximum Lyapunov exponent, as a measure of local dynamic stability (LDS). Results After the incremental test, variability increased, and LDS decreased. However, they showed a tendency to return to the initial value faster in women compared to previous results for men. In the follicular phase, which has less hormonal release, the volunteers had an almost complete recovery in LDS soon after the first rest interval, suggesting that female hormones can interfere with fatigue recovery. Nevertheless, concerning the LDS, it was significantly lower in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase. Conclusion Women that are not taking oral contraceptives should be aware that they are susceptible to increased gait instabilities in the pre-menstrual phase after strenuous activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Dos Anjos
- Bioengineering and Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fábio Rodrigues
- Bioengineering and Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Sofia Scataglini
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Design Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rafael Reimann Baptista
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula Lobo da Costa
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcus Fraga Vieira
- Bioengineering and Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Hubbard EF, Mashouri P, Pyle WG, Power GA. The effect of gradual ovarian failure on dynamic muscle function and the role of high-intensity interval training on mitigating impairments. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1031-C1045. [PMID: 37661923 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00318.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contractile function is impaired in menopause and exercise may mitigate this decline. We used the 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) model of menopause to investigate the effects of gradual ovarian failure on skeletal muscle contractile function and whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can mitigate impairments. Sexually mature female CD-1 mice were assigned to one of three groups: control sedentary (n = 5), VCD-sedentary (n = 5), or VCD-training (n = 5). Following ovarian failure (a 4-mo process), the VCD-training group underwent 8 wk of uphill HIIT. Mice were euthanized 8 wk after ovarian failure, representing late menopause. Single fibers from the soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were dissected, chemically permeabilized, and mechanically tested. Single muscle fibers were maximally activated (pCa 4.5), then isotonic load clamps were performed to evaluate force-velocity-power relationships. Absolute force and peak power were 31.0% and 32.2% lower in VCD-sedentary fibers compared with control fibers, respectively, in both SOL and EDL muscles. Despite reductions in absolute force, there were no concomitant increases in contractile velocity to preserve power production. HIIT attenuated force loss in the VCD-training group such that peak force was not different from the control group across muscles and was partially effective at mitigating power loss (21.7% higher peak power in VCD-training compared with VCD-sedentary) but only in fast-type SOL fibers. These findings indicate that ovarian failure impairs dynamic contractile function-likely through a combination of lower force-generating capacity and slower shortening velocity-and that HIIT may be insufficient to completely counteract the deleterious effects of menopause at the cellular level.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used the VCD model of menopause to investigate the effects of gradual ovarian failure on skeletal muscle contractile function and whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can mitigate impairments. Our findings indicate that ovarian failure impairs dynamic contractile function-likely through a combination of lower force-generating capacity and slower shortening velocity-and that HIIT may be insufficient to completely counteract the deleterious effects of menopause at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma F Hubbard
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Parastoo Mashouri
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Glen Pyle
- IMPART Network, Dalhousie Medicine, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey A Power
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Liu S, Liu Z, Wang P, Li W, Zhao S, Liu Y, Chu M. Estrogen-mediated oar-miR-485-5p targets PPP1R13B to regulate myoblast proliferation in sheep. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123987. [PMID: 36906210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovaries are important endocrine organs in female animals that secrete various steroid hormones, which are involved in multiple physiological functions. Estrogen, one of the hormones secreted by ovaries, is essential for the overall maintenance of muscle growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms that affect muscle growth and development in sheep following ovariectomy remain unclear. In this study, we identified 1662 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and 40 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in sheep that underwent ovariectomy compared with those that underwent sham surgery. A total of 178 DEG-DEM pairs were negatively correlated. GO and KEGG analysis showed that PPP1R13B was involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which was essential for muscle development. Using in vitro experiments, we examined the effect of PPP1R13B on myoblast proliferation and found that overexpression or inhibition of PPP1R13B increased or decreased the expression of myoblast proliferation markers, respectively. PPP1R13B was identified as a functional downstream target of miR-485-5p. Our results suggested that miR-485-5p promoted myoblast proliferation by regulating proliferation factors in myoblasts by targeting PPP1R13B. Notably, exogenous estradiol supplementation to myoblasts regulated the expression of oar-miR-485-5p and PPP1R13B and promoted myoblast proliferation. These results provided new insights into the molecular mechanism by which ovaries influence muscle growth and development in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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10
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Le G, Baumann CW, Warren GL, Lowe DA. In vivo potentiation of muscle torque is enhanced in female mice through estradiol-estrogen receptor signaling. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:722-730. [PMID: 36735234 PMCID: PMC10027088 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00731.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol affects several properties of skeletal muscle in females including strength. Here, we developed an approach to measure in vivo posttetanic twitch potentiation (PTP) of the anterior crural muscles of anesthetized mice and tested the hypothesis that 17β-estradiol (E2) enhances PTP through estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. Peak torques of potentiated twitches were ∼40%-60% greater than those of unpotentiated twitches and such PTP was greater in ovary-intact mice, or ovariectomized (Ovx) mice treated with E2, compared with Ovx mice (P ≤ 0.047). PTP did not differ between mice with and without ERα ablated in skeletal muscle fibers (P = 0.347). Treatment of ovary-intact and Ovx mice with ERβ antagonist and agonist (PHTPP and DPN, respectively) did not affect PTP (P ≥ 0.258). Treatment with G1, an agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), significantly increased PTP in Ovx mice from 41 ± 10% to 66 ± 21% (means ± SD; P = 0.034). Collectively, these data indicate that E2 signals through GPER, and not ERα or ERβ, in skeletal muscles of female mice to augment an in vivo parameter of strength, namely, PTP.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A novel in vivo approach was developed to measure potentiation of skeletal muscle torque in female mice and highlight another parameter of strength that is impacted by estradiol. The enhancement of PTP by estradiol is mediated distinctively through the G-protein estrogen receptor, GPER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyun Le
- Division of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Cory W Baumann
- Division of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Gordon L Warren
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Dawn A Lowe
- Division of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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11
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Roles of Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors, and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Skeletal Muscle: Regulation of Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031853. [PMID: 36768177 PMCID: PMC9916347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is an essential sex steroid hormone that functions primarily in female reproductive system, as well as in a variety of tissues and organs with pleiotropic effects, such as in cardiovascular, nervous, immune, and musculoskeletal systems. Women with low estrogen, as exemplified by those in postmenopause, are therefore prone to suffer from various disorders, i.e., cardiovascular disease, dementia, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, frailty, and so on. Estrogen regulates the expression of its target genes by binding to its cognate receptors, estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β. Notably, the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) α, β, and γ are originally identified as orphan receptors that share substantial structural homology and common transcriptional targets with ERs. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERs and ERRs play crucial roles in skeletal muscles, such as muscle mass maintenance, muscle exercise physiology, and muscle regeneration. In this article, we review potential regulatory roles of ERs and ERRs in muscle physiology, particularly with regard to mitochondrial function and metabolism.
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12
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Castro AA, Garland T, Ahmed S, Holt NC. Trade-offs in muscle physiology in selectively bred high runner mice. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:285903. [PMID: 36408738 PMCID: PMC9789404 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A trade-off between locomotor speed and endurance occurs in various taxa, and is thought to be underpinned by a muscle-level trade-off. Among four replicate high runner (HR) lines of mice, selectively bred for voluntary wheel-running behavior, a negative correlation between average running speed and time spent running has evolved. We hypothesize that this trade-off is due to changes in muscle physiology. We studied the HR lines at generation 90, at which time one line (L3) is fixed for the mini-muscle phenotype, another is polymorphic (L6) and the others (L7, L8) lack mini-muscle individuals. We used in situ preparations to quantify the contractile properties of the triceps surae muscle complex. Maximal shortening velocity varied significantly, being lowest in mini-muscle mice (L3 mini=25.2 mm s-1, L6 mini=25.5 mm s-1), highest in normal-muscle mice L6 and L8 (40.4 and 50.3 mm s-1, respectively) and intermediate in normal-muscle L7 mice (37.2 mm s-1). Endurance, measured both as the slope of the decline in force and the proportion of initial force that could be sustained, also varied significantly. The slope was shallowest in mini-muscle mice (L3 mini=-0.00348, L6 mini=-0.00238), steepest in lines L6 and L8 (-0.01676 and -0.01853), and intermediate in L7 (-0.01145). Normalized sustained force was highest in mini-muscle mice (L3 mini=0.98, L6 mini=0.92) and lowest in L8 (0.36). There were significant, negative correlations between velocity and endurance metrics, indicating a muscle-level trade-off. However, this muscle-level trade-off does not seem to underpin the organismal-level speed and endurance trade-off previously reported as the ordering of the lines is reversed: the lines that run the fastest for the least time have the lowest muscle complex velocity and highest endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto A. Castro
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Theodore Garland
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Saad Ahmed
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Natalie C. Holt
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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13
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Fuller KNZ, McCoin CS, Stierwalt H, Allen J, Gandhi S, Perry CGR, Jambal P, Shankar K, Thyfault JP. Oral combined contraceptives induce liver mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and whole-body metabolic adaptations in female mice. J Physiol 2022; 600:5215-5245. [PMID: 36326014 DOI: 10.1113/jp283733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to age-matched men, pre-menopausal women show greater resilience against cardiovascular disease (CVD), hepatic steatosis, diabetes and obesity - findings that are widely attributed to oestrogen. However, meta-analysis data suggest that current use of oral combined contraceptives (OC) is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, and OC use further compounds with metabolic disease risk factors to increase CVD susceptibility. While mitochondrial function in tissues such as the liver and skeletal muscle is an emerging mechanism by which oestrogen may confer its protection, effects of OC use on mitochondria and metabolism in the context of disease risk remain unexplored. To answer this question, female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a high fat diet and treated with vehicle or OCs for 3, 12 or 20 weeks (n = 6 to 12 per group) at a dose and ratio that mimic the human condition of cycle cessation in the low oestrogen, high progesterone stage. Liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function (respiratory capacity, H2 O2 , coupling) was measured along with clinical outcomes of cardiometabolic disease such as obesity, glucose tolerance, hepatic steatosis and aortic atherosclerosis. The main findings indicate that regardless of treatment duration, OCs robustly increase hepatic mitochondrial H2 O2 levels, likely due to diminished antioxidant capacity, but have no impact on muscle mitochondrial H2 O2 . Furthermore, OC-treated mice had lower adiposity and hepatic triglyceride content compared to control mice despite reduced wheel running, spontaneous physical activity and total energy expenditure. Together, these studies describe tissue-specific effects of OC use on mitochondria as well as variable impacts on markers of metabolic disease susceptibility. KEY POINTS: Oestrogen loss in women increases risk for cardiometabolic diseases, a link that has been partially attributed to negative impacts on mitochondria and energy metabolism. To study the effect of oral combined contraceptives (OCs) on hepatic and skeletal muscle mitochondria and whole-body energy metabolism, we used an animal model of OCs which mimics the human condition of cessation of hormonal cycling in the low oestrogen, high progesterone state. OC-treated mice have increased hepatic mitochondrial oxidative stress and decreased physical activity and energy expenditure, despite displaying lower adiposity and liver fat at this time point. These pre-clinical data reveal tissue-specific effects of OCs that likely underlie the clinical findings of increased cardiometabolic disease in women who use OCs compared to non-users, when matched for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Z Fuller
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Colin S McCoin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, USA.,University of Kansas Diabetes Institute, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Harrison Stierwalt
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Julie Allen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Shivam Gandhi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Center, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Center, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Purevsuren Jambal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, USA.,University of Kansas Diabetes Institute, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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14
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Corciulo C, Scheffler JM, Humeniuk P, Del Carpio Pons A, Stubelius A, Von Mentzer U, Drevinge C, Barrett A, Wüstenhagen S, Poutanen M, Ohlsson C, Lagerquist MK, Islander U. Physiological levels of estradiol limit murine osteoarthritis progression. J Endocrinol 2022; 255:39-51. [PMID: 35993439 PMCID: PMC9513658 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), postmenopausal women are over-represented. The purpose of this study was to determine whether deficiency of female sex steroids affects OA progression and to evaluate the protective effect of treatment with a physiological dose of 17β-estradiol (E2) on OA progression using a murine model. Ovariectomy (OVX) of female mice was used to mimic a postmenopausal state. OVX or sham-operated mice underwent surgery for destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) to induce OA. E2 was administered in a pulsed manner for 2 and 8 weeks. OVX of OA mice did not influence the cartilage phenotype or synovial thickness, while both cortical and trabecular subchondral bone mineral density (BMD) decreased after OVX compared with sham-operated mice at 8 weeks post-DMM surgery. Additionally, OVX mice displayed decreased motor activity, reduced threshold of pain sensitivity, and increased number of T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes compared to sham-operated mice 2 weeks after OA induction. Eight weeks of treatment with E2 prevented cartilage damage and thickening of the synovium in OVX OA mice. The motor activity was improved after E2 replacement at the 2 weeks time point, which was also associated with lower pain sensitivity in the OA paw. E2 treatment protected against OVX-induced loss of subchondral trabecular bone. The number of T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes was reduced by E2 treatment after 8 weeks. This study demonstrates that treatment with a physiological dose of E2 exerts a protective role by reducing OA symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Corciulo
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia M Scheffler
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Piotr Humeniuk
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alicia Del Carpio Pons
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ula Von Mentzer
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christina Drevinge
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aidan Barrett
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Wüstenhagen
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Islander
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Aladhami AK, Unger CA, Hope MC, Cotham WE, Velázquez KT, Enos RT. Augmenting Skeletal Muscle Estrogen Does not Prevent or Rescue Obesity-linked Metabolic Impairments in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6678809. [PMID: 36039699 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We developed a novel mouse model with increased skeletal muscle estrogen content via inducible, skeletal-muscle-specific aromatase overexpression (SkM-Arom↑). We proposed to examine the effect that increased skeletal muscle estrogen both in gonadally intact and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice has on preventing or rescuing high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. METHODS In the prevention experiment, gonadally intact and OVX SkM-Arom↑ mice and littermate controls were fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD for 13 weeks. SkM-Arom↑ was induced at the initiation of dietary treatment. In the intervention experiment, gonadally intact and OVX SkM-Arom↑ mice and littermate controls were fed an HFD for 14 weeks before induction of SkM-Arom↑ for 6 weeks. Glucose tolerance, insulin action, adipose tissue inflammation, and body composition were assessed. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine circulating and skeletal muscle steroid content. RESULTS SkM-Arom↑ significantly increased skeletal muscle 17β-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) in both experiments. Interestingly, this resulted in leakage of estrogens into circulation, producing a physiologically relevant E2 concentration. Consequently, bone mineral density (BMD) was enhanced and adipose tissue inflammation was reduced in the prevention experiment only. However, no benefits were seen with respect to changes in adiposity or metabolic outcomes. CONCLUSION We show that increasing skeletal muscle estrogen content does not provide a metabolic benefit in gonadally intact and OVX female mice in the setting of obesity. However, a chronic physiological concentration of circulating E2 can improve BMD and reduce adipose tissue inflammation independently of a metabolic benefit or changes in adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA
- University of Baghdad, Nursing College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Christian A Unger
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA
| | - Marion C Hope
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA
| | - William E Cotham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Kandy T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, USA
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16
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Moser SE, Brown AM, Clark BC, Arnold WD, Baumann CW. Neuromuscular mechanisms of weakness in a mouse model of chronic alcoholic myopathy. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1636-1647. [PMID: 35869821 PMCID: PMC9804636 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weakness is a common clinical symptom reported in individuals with chronic alcohol use disorder. However, it remains unclear whether low strength in these individuals is directly related to excessive ethanol intake, other deleterious factors (lifestyle, environment, genetics, etc.), or a combination of both. Therefore, we examined whether (and how) ethanol reduces the muscle's force-producing capacity using a controlled in vivo preclinical mouse model of excessive ethanol intake. METHODS To establish whether chronic ethanol consumption causes weakness, C57BL/6 female mice consumed 20% ethanol for 40 weeks (following a 2-week ethanol ramping period), and various measures of muscular force were quantified. Functional measures included all-limb grip strength and in vivo contractility of the left ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors. Once confirmed that mice consuming ethanol were weaker than age-matched controls, we sought to determine the potential neuromuscular mechanisms of muscle dysfunction by assessing neuromuscular excitation, muscle quantity, and muscle quality. RESULTS Mice consuming chronic ethanol were 13 to 16% weaker (p ≤ 0.016) than controls (i.e., mice consuming 100% water) with the negative impact of ethanol on voluntary grip strength (ƞ2 = 0.603) being slightly larger than that of electrically stimulated muscle contractility (ƞ2 = 0.482). Relative to controls, lean mass and muscle wet masses were 9 to 16% lower in ethanol-consuming mice (p ≤ 0.048, ƞ2 ≥ 0.268). No significant changes were observed between groups for indices of neuromuscular excitation at the level of the motor unit, neuromuscular junction, or plasmalemma (p ≥ 0.259, ƞ2 ≤ 0.097), nor was muscle quality altered after 40 weeks of 20% ethanol consumption (p ≥ 0.695, ƞ2 ≤ 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings establish that chronic ethanol consumption in mice induces a substantial weakness in vivo that we interpret to be primarily due to muscle atrophy (i.e., reduced muscle quantity) and possibly, to a lesser degree, loss of central neural drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E. Moser
- Honors Tutorial CollegeOhio UniversityAthensOhioUSA,Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI)Ohio UniversityAthensOhioUSA
| | - Austin M. Brown
- Honors Tutorial CollegeOhio UniversityAthensOhioUSA,Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI)Ohio UniversityAthensOhioUSA
| | - Brian C. Clark
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI)Ohio UniversityAthensOhioUSA,Department of Biomedical SciencesOhio UniversityAthensOhioUSA
| | - W. David Arnold
- Department of NeurologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA,Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA,Department of NeuroscienceThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA,Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Cory W. Baumann
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI)Ohio UniversityAthensOhioUSA,Department of Biomedical SciencesOhio UniversityAthensOhioUSA
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17
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Mechanisms of Estrogen Influence on Skeletal Muscle: Mass, Regeneration, and Mitochondrial Function. Sports Med 2022; 52:2853-2869. [PMID: 35907119 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Human menopause is widely associated with impaired skeletal muscle quality and significant metabolic dysfunction. These observations pose significant challenges to the quality of life and mobility of the aging population, and are of relevance when considering the significantly greater losses in muscle mass and force-generating capacity of muscle from post-menopausal females relative to age-matched males. In this regard, the influence of estrogen on skeletal muscle has become evident across human, animal, and cell-based studies. Beneficial effects of estrogen have become apparent in mitigation of muscle injury and enhanced post-damage repair via various mechanisms, including prophylactic effects on muscle satellite cell number and function, as well as membrane stability and potential antioxidant influences following injury, exercise, and/or mitochondrial stress. In addition to estrogen replacement in otherwise deficient states, exercise has been found to serve as a means of augmenting and/or mimicking the effects of estrogen on skeletal muscle function in recent literature. Detailed mechanisms behind the estrogenic effect on muscle mass, strength, as well as the injury response are beginning to be elucidated and point to estrogen-mediated molecular cross talk amongst signalling pathways, such as apoptotic signaling, contractile protein modifications, including myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation, and the maintenance of muscle satellite cells. This review discusses current understandings and highlights new insights regarding the role of estrogen in skeletal muscle, with particular regard to muscle mass, mitochondrial function, the response to muscle damage, and the potential implications for human physiology and mobility.
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18
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Ignacio DL, Fortunato RS, Silvestre D, Matta L, de Vansconcelos AL, Carvalho DP, Galina A, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Cavalcanti-de-Albuquerque JP. Physical exercise improves mitochondrial function in ovariectomized rats. J Endocrinol 2022; 254:77-90. [PMID: 35635310 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency causes metabolic disorders in humans and rodents, including in part due to changes in energy expenditure. We have shown previously that skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is compromised in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Since physical exercise is a powerful strategy to improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function, we hypothesize that exercise training would counteract the deficiency-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in Ovx rats. We report that exercised Ovx rats, at 60-65% of maximal exercise capacity for 8 weeks, exhibited less fat accumulation and body weight gain compared with sedentary controls. Treadmill exercise training decreased muscle lactate production, indicating a shift to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, reduced soleus muscle mitochondrial oxygen consumption confirmed that estrogen deficiency is detrimental to mitochondrial function. However, exercise restored mitochondrial oxygen consumption in Ovx rats, achieving similar levels as in exercised control rats. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α expression was similar in both groups. Therefore, the mechanisms by which exercise improves mitochondrial oxygen consumption appears to be different in Ovx-exercised and sham-exercised rats. While there was an increase in mitochondrial content in sham-exercised rats, demonstrated by a greater citrate synthase activity, no induction was observed in Ovx-exercised rats. Normalizing mitochondrial respiratory capacity by citrate synthase activity indicates a better oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in the Ovx-exercised group. In conclusion, physical exercise sustains mitochondrial function in ovarian hormone-deficient rats through a non-conventional mitochondrial content-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Leão Ignacio
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Faculdades Integradas IESGO, Formosa, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Silvestre
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Matta
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Pires Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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19
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Impact of the Menstrual Cycle Phases on the Movement Patterns of Sub-Elite Women Soccer Players during Competitive Matches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084465. [PMID: 35457332 PMCID: PMC9025339 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the menstrual cycle phases on the movement patterns of sub-elite women soccer players during competitive matches over three consecutive seasons. Individual movement data were analyzed and compared in eight players from the second French League at the early follicular (EF), late follicular (LF) and mid-luteal (ML) phases of their menstrual cycle, determined by the calendar method. The movement patterns, expressed as meters per minute, were recorded during competitive matches using devices placed on the player’s ankle. Our results showed significantly lower distances covered at moderate and high velocity in the EF phase than in the LF and ML phases (Cohen’s d effect size = 1.03 and 0.79, respectively). The total distance covered during matches and the number of sprints also were reduced during EF compared with LF (d = 0.78 and 0.7, respectively). Overall, the total distance and distance covered at low velocity were significantly lower during the second half-time of the matches (d = 1.51), but no menstrual cycle phase × game period interaction was noted. In conclusion, our study suggests that EF may impact the movement pattern of sub-elite women soccer players during competitive matches, without any modulation of this effect by the playing time. Despite the low sample size, these results can be useful for coaches and support staff to modulate training loads and player rotation during soccer games.
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20
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Jia T, Liu Y, Fan Y, Wang L, Jiang E. Association of Healthy Diet and Physical Activity With Breast Cancer: Lifestyle Interventions and Oncology Education. Front Public Health 2022; 10:797794. [PMID: 35400043 PMCID: PMC8984028 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.797794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cancer statistics suggest that breast cancer (BC) is the most diagnosed cancer in women, with an estimated 2. 3 million new cases reported in 2020. Observational evidence shows a clear link between prevention and development of invasive BC and lifestyle-based interventions such as a healthy diet and physical activity. The recent findings reveal that even minimal amounts of daily exercise and a healthy diet reduced the risk of BC, mitigated the side effects of cancer treatment, and stopped the recurrence of cancer in the survivors. Despite the myriad benefits, the implementation of these lifestyle interventions in at-risk and survivor populations has been limited to date. Given the need to disseminate information about the role of physical activity and nutrition in BC reduction, the review aimed to present the recent scientific outreach and update on associations between the lifestyle interventions and BC outcomes to narrow the gap and strengthen the understanding more clearly. This review covers more direct, detailed, and updated scientific literature to respond to frequently asked questions related to the daily lifestyle-based interventions and their impact on BC risk and survivors. This review also highlights the importance of the oncology provider's job and how oncology education can reduce the BC burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jia
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Enshe Jiang
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21
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Insomnia, Inattention and Fatigue Symptoms of Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126192. [PMID: 34201084 PMCID: PMC8230179 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) has predictable, cyclic, psychological, and somatic symptoms, such as sleep problems. They result in functional impairment, are aggravated in the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, and are resolved by menstruation. The present study evaluated the insomnia, inattention, and fatigue symptoms of PMDD and their fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Methods: A total of 100 women were diagnosed as having PMDD based on psychiatric interviews and a prospective investigation of three menstrual cycles. A total of 96 individuals without PMDD were recruited as controls. Their symptoms, namely insomnia, inattention, and fatigue as well as functional impairment were assessed by using the premenstrual symptoms screening tool, the Pittsburgh insomnia rating scale, the attention and performance self-assessment scale, and the fatigue-assessment scale during both premenstrual and follicular phases. Results: In both the premenstrual and follicular phases, women with PMDD experienced more severe insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue than did women in the control group. A paired t-test demonstrated that women with PMDD had more severe severity insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase. A repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated that the interaction period of PMDD and a menstrual cycle was significantly associated with insomnia, inattentiveness, and fatigue. A further correlation analysis demonstrated that all three symptoms were positively associated with self-reported functional impairment due to PMDD. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that women with PMDD experienced an exacerbation of insomnia, memory problems, difficulty maintaining focus, and fatigue in the premenstrual phase. These symptoms are correlated with PMDD symptoms severity and functional impairment, and as such, they should be evaluated, and interventions should be employed in the late luteal phase of women with PMDD.
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22
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Cabelka CA, Baumann CW, Lindsay A, Norton A, Blixt NC, Le G, Warren GL, Mansky KC, Novotny SA, Lowe DA. Tissue selective effects of bazedoxifene on the musculoskeletal system in female mice. J Endocrinol 2021; 248:181-191. [PMID: 33295882 PMCID: PMC7933086 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The actions of selective estrogen receptor modulators are tissue dependent. The primary objective of the current study was to determine the tissue selective effects of bazedoxifene (BZA) on the musculoskeletal system of ovariectomized (OVX) female mice, focusing on the strengths of muscle-bone pairs in the lower hindlimb. Treatment with BZA after ovariectomy (OVX+BZA) did not prevent body or fat mass gains (P < 0.05). In vivo plantarflexor muscle isometric torque was not affected by treatment with BZA (P = 0.522). Soleus muscle peak isometric, concentric and eccentric tetanic force production were greater in OVX+BZA mice compared to OVX+E2 mice (P ≤ 0.048) with no effect on maximal isometric specific force (P = 0.228). Tibia from OVX+BZA mice had greater cortical cross-sectional area and moment of inertia than OVX mice treated with placebo (P < 0.001), but there was no impact of BZA treatment on cortical bone mineral density, cortical thickness, tibial bone ultimate load or stiffness (P ≥ 0.086). Overall, these results indicate that BZA may be an estrogen receptor agonist in skeletal muscle, as it has previously been shown in bone, providing minor benefits to the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Cabelka
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, The College of St. Scholastica; 940 Woodland Ave, Suite 210, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Cory W. Baumann
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota; 420 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Andrew Norton
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota; School of Dentistry, Room 16-146 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nick C. Blixt
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota; 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St.SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gengyun Le
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gordon L. Warren
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University; P.O. Box 4019, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota; School of Dentistry, Room 16-146 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Susan A. Novotny
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare, 200 University Avenue East, Saint Paul, MN 55101, USA
| | - Dawn A. Lowe
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota; MMC 388, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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23
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Samad N, Nguyen HH, Scott D, Ebeling PR, Milat F. Musculoskeletal Health in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Part One: Muscle. Semin Reprod Med 2021; 38:277-288. [PMID: 33418593 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated bone loss and muscle decline coexist in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), but there are significant gaps in our understanding of musculoskeletal health in POI. This article is the first of a two-part review which describes estrogen signaling in muscle and its role in musculoskeletal health and disease. Current evidence regarding the utility of available diagnostic tests and therapeutic options is also discussed. A literature review from January 2000 to March 2020 was conducted to identify relevant studies. Women with POI experience significant deterioration in musculoskeletal health due to the loss of protective effects of estrogen. In addition to bone loss, muscle decay and dysfunction is now increasingly recognized. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of validated tools to assess muscle parameters. There is a growing need to acknowledge bone-muscle codependence to design new therapies which target both muscle and bone, resulting in improved physical performance and reduced morbidity and mortality. More high-quality research and international collaborations are needed to address the deficiencies in our understanding and management of musculoskeletal health in women with POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navira Samad
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanh H Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Western Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frances Milat
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Western Health, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Kwak D, Baumann CW, Thompson LV. Identifying Characteristics of Frailty in Female Mice Using a Phenotype Assessment Tool. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:640-646. [PMID: 30958526 PMCID: PMC7328207 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies are important in identifying the underlying mechanisms contributing to frailty. Frailty studies have mainly focused on male rodents with little directed at female rodents. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to identify the onset and prevalence of frailty across the life span in female mice, and to determine if frailty predicts mortality. Female C57BL/6 (n = 27) mice starting at 17 months of age were assessed across the life span using a frailty phenotype, which included body weight, walking speed, strength, endurance, and physical activity. The onset of frailty occurred at approximately 17 months (1/27 mice), with the prevalence of frailty increasing thereafter. At 17 months, 11.1% of the mice were pre-frail and by 26 months peaked at 36.9%. The percentage of frail mice progressively increased up to 66.7% at 32 months. Non-frail mice lived to 29 months whereas frail/pre-frail mice lived only to 26 months (p = .04). In closing, using a mouse frailty phenotype, we are able to identify that the prevalence of frailty in female mice increases across the life span and accurately predicts mortality. Together, this frailty phenotype has the potential to yield information about the underlying mechanisms contributing to frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Kwak
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cory W Baumann
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - LaDora V Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Baumann CW, Kwak D, Thompson LV. Phenotypic Frailty Assessment in Mice: Development, Discoveries, and Experimental Considerations. Physiology (Bethesda) 2020; 35:405-414. [PMID: 33052773 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00016.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms contributing to the onset of frailty, its progression, and its mortality risk remain unknown. Recently, the two most common human frailty assessments were reverse-translated to mice. Here, we highlight the development of the mouse frailty phenotype, unique discoveries, experimental considerations, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory W Baumann
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Dongmin Kwak
- Division of Sport Science, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - LaDora V Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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26
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Ansdell P, Thomas K, Hicks KM, Hunter SK, Howatson G, Goodall S. Physiological sex differences affect the integrative response to exercise: acute and chronic implications. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:2007-2021. [PMID: 33002256 DOI: 10.1113/ep088548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? We review sex differences within physiological systems implicated in exercise performance; specifically, how they integrate to determine metabolic thresholds and fatigability. Thereafter, we discuss the implications that these sex differences might have for long-term adaptation to exercise. What advances does it highlight? The review collates evidence from recent physiological studies that have investigated sex as a biological variable, demonstrating that the physiological response to equivalent 'dosages' of exercise is not the same in males and females; thus, highlighting the need to research diversity in physiological responses to interventions. ABSTRACT The anatomical and physiological differences between males and females are thought to determine differences in the limits of human performance. The notion of studying sex as a biological variable has recently been emphasized in the biosciences as a vital step in enhancing human health. In this review, we contend that the effects of biological sex on acute and chronic responses must be studied and accounted for when prescribing aerobic exercise, much like any intervention targeting the optimization of physiological function. Emerging evidence suggests that the response of physiological systems to exercise differs between males and females, potentially mediating the beneficial effects in healthy and clinical populations. We highlight evidence that integrative metabolic thresholds during exercise are influenced by phenotypical sex differences throughout many physiological systems. Furthermore, we discuss evidence that female skeletal muscle is more resistant to fatigue elicited by equivalent dosages of high-intensity exercise. How the different acute responses affect the long-term trainability of males and females is considered, with discussion about tailoring exercise to the characteristics of the individual presented within the context of biological sex. Finally, we highlight the influence of endogenous and exogenous sex hormones on physiological responses to exercise in females. Sex is one of many mediating influences on the outcomes of exercise, and with careful experimental designs, physiologists can advance the collective understanding of diversity in physiology and optimize outcomes for both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ansdell
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kevin Thomas
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kirsty M Hicks
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sandra K Hunter
- Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Stuart Goodall
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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27
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Role of Menopausal Transition and Physical Activity in Loss of Lean and Muscle Mass: A Follow-Up Study in Middle-Aged Finnish Women. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051588. [PMID: 32456169 PMCID: PMC7290663 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In midlife, women experience hormonal changes due to menopausal transition. A decrease especially in estradiol has been hypothesized to cause loss of muscle mass. This study investigated the effect of menopausal transition on changes in lean and muscle mass, from the total body to the muscle fiber level, among 47–55-year-old women. Data were used from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study, where 234 women were followed from perimenopause to early postmenopause. Hormone levels (estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone), total and regional body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) scans), physical activity level (self-reported and accelerometer-measured) and muscle fiber properties (muscle biopsy) were assessed at baseline and at early postmenopause. Significant decreases were seen in lean body mass (LBM), lean body mass index (LBMI), appendicular lean mass (ALM), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), leg lean mass and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). Menopausal status was a significant predictor for all tested muscle mass variables, while physical activity was an additional significant contributor for LBM, ALM, ALMI, leg lean mass and relative muscle CSA. Menopausal transition was associated with loss of muscle mass at multiple anatomical levels, while physical activity was beneficial for the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass.
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28
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Fuller KNZ, McCoin CS, Allen J, Bell-Glenn S, Koestler DC, Dorn GW, Thyfault JP. Sex and BNIP3 genotype, rather than acute lipid injection, modulate hepatic mitochondrial function and steatosis risk in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:1251-1261. [PMID: 32240015 PMCID: PMC7272752 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00035.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both lipid oversupply and poor mitochondrial function (low respiration and elevated H2O2 emission) have been implicated in the development of hepatic steatosis and liver injury. Mitophagy, the targeted degradation of low-functioning mitochondria, is critical for maintaining mitochondrial quality control. Here, we used intralipid injection combined with acute (4 day) and chronic (4-7wk) high-fat diets (HFD) to examine whether hepatic mitochondrial respiration would decrease and H2O2 emission would increase with lipid overload. We tested these effects in male and female wild type (WT) mice and mice null for a critical mediator of mitophagy, BCL-2/adenovirus EIB 19-kDa interacting protein knockout (BNIP3 KO) housed at thermoneutral temperatures. Intralipid injection was successful in elevating serum triglycerides and nonesterified fatty acids but had no impact on hepatic mitochondrial respiratory function or H2O2 emission. However, female mice had greater mitochondrial respiration on the acute HFD and lower H2O2 emission across both HFD durations and were protected against hepatic steatosis. Unexpectedly, BNIP3 KO animals had greater hepatic mitochondrial respiration, better coupled respiration, and increased electron chain protein content after the 4-day HFD, compared with WT animals. Altogether, these data suggest that acute lipid overload delivered by a single intralipid bolus does not alter hepatic mitochondrial outcomes, but rather sex and genotype profoundly impact hepatic mitochondrial respiration and H2O2 emission.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study focusing on hepatic mitochondrial respiratory outcomes in response to lipid overload via a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with intralipid injection. Novel findings include no effect of intralipid injection on mitochondrial outcomes of interest despite increased circulating lipid concentrations. However, we report pronounced differences in hepatic mitochondrial respiration, complex protein expression, and H2O2 production by sex and BCL-2/adenovirus EIB 19-kDa interacting protein (BNIP3) genotype. Specifically, female mice had lower H2O2 emission globally and on an acute HFD, females had greater hepatic mitochondrial respiration than males while BNIP3 knockout (KO) animals had greater mitochondrial coupling and complex protein expression than wild-type (WT) animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Z Fuller
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Colin S McCoin
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Julie Allen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shelby Bell-Glenn
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Gerald W Dorn
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, Missouri
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29
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Lowe DA, Kararigas G. Editorial: New Insights into Estrogen/Estrogen Receptor Effects in the Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:141. [PMID: 32265837 PMCID: PMC7096469 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn A. Lowe
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Li X, Fan L, Zhu M, Jiang H, Bai W, Kang J. Combined intervention of 17β-estradiol and treadmill training ameliorates energy metabolism in skeletal muscle of female ovariectomized mice. Climacteric 2019; 23:192-200. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1660639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - L. Fan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - M. Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - H. Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - W. Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - J. Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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31
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Zhong W, Shi X, Yuan H, Bu H, Wu L, Wang R. Effects of Exercise Training on the Autophagy-Related Muscular Proteins Expression in Ovariectomized Rats. Front Physiol 2019; 10:735. [PMID: 31263428 PMCID: PMC6585433 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovariectomy disrupts estrogen production and homeostasis. However, whether exercise training (ET) could counteract the ovariectomy-induced effect on muscular autophagy has remained elusive. This study examined muscular autophagy in ovariectomized (OVX) rats following 8 weeks of swimming ET. Here, 40 6-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operated control (Sham), OVX control (OVX), OVX with 60-min ET (OVX-60ET), 90-min ET (OVX-90ET), and 120-min ET (OVX-120ET) for 6 days/week. According to the results of Western blotting, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins in the OVX gastrocnemius muscle, including mammalian target of rapamycin, uncoordinated 51-like kinase 1, Beclin-1, autophagy-related gene (Atg-7), and microtubule-associated protein light chains 3 were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05), while there was an elevation on the p62 level. ET appreciably mitigated the OVX-induced negative effects on muscle quality and the autophagy pathway, which seemed to be dependent on ET volume. The most optimal outcomes were observed in the OVX-90ET group. The OVX-120 group had an adversely augmented catabolic process associated with gastrocnemius muscle atrophy. In conclusion, the expression levels of autophagy proteins are decreased in OVX rats, which can be appreciably mitigated following 8 weeks of swimming ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiquan Zhong
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Shi
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Honghua Yuan
- Research Facility Center for Morphology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huimin Bu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lianlian Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Renwei Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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32
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Tung YT, Hsu YJ, Chien YW, Huang CC, Huang WC, Chiu WC. Tea Seed Oil Prevents Obesity, Reduces Physical Fatigue, and Improves Exercise Performance in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Ovariectomized Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050980. [PMID: 30862039 PMCID: PMC6429230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is associated with changes in body composition (a decline in lean body mass and an increase in total fat mass), leading to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and heart disease. A healthy diet to control body weight is an effective strategy for preventing and treating menopause-related metabolic syndromes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term feeding of edible oils (soybean oil (SO), tea seed oil (TO), and lard oil (LO)) on female ovariectomized (OVX) mice. SO, TO, and LO comprise mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and saturated fatty acids (SFA), respectively. However, there have been quite limited studies to investigate the effects of different fatty acids (PUFA, MUFA, and SFA) on physiological adaption and metabolic homeostasis in a menopausal population. In this study, 7-week-old female Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice underwent either bilateral laparotomy (sham group, n = 8) or bilateral oophorectomy (OVX groups, n = 24). The OVX mice given a high-fat diet (HFD) were randomly divided into three groups: OVX+SO, OVX+TO, and OVX+LO. An HFD rich in SO, TO, or LO was given to the OVX mice for 12 weeks. Our findings revealed that the body weight and relative tissues of UFP (uterus fatty peripheral) and total fat (TF) were significantly decreased in the OVX+TO group compared with those in the OVX+SO and OVX+LO groups. However, no significant difference in body weight or in the relative tissues of UFP and TF was noted among the OVX+SO and OVX+LO groups. Furthermore, mice given an HFD rich in TO exhibited significantly decreased accumulation of liver lipid droplets and adipocyte sizes of UFP and brown adipose tissue (BAT) compared with those given an HFD rich in SO or LO. Moreover, replacing SO or LO with TO significantly increased oral glucose tolerance. Additionally, TO improved endurance performance and exhibited antifatigue activity by lowering ammonia, blood urea nitrogen, and creatine kinase levels. Thus, tea seed oil (TO) rich in MUFA could prevent obesity, reduce physical fatigue, and improve exercise performance compared with either SO (PUFA)- or LO(SFA)-rich diets in this HFD-induced obese OVX mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Chien
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Chun Chiu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Counts BR, Fix DK, Hetzler KL, Carson JA. The Effect of Estradiol Administration on Muscle Mass Loss and Cachexia Progression in Female Apc Min/+ Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:720. [PMID: 31736871 PMCID: PMC6838005 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial muscle wasting condition characterized by severe body weight and muscle mass loss which is secondary to chronic disease. The mechanistic examination of cachexia has predominately focused on the male phenotype and created significant gaps in understanding cachexia progression in the female. Female hypogonadism can accompany cancer cachexia and is characterized by reduced circulating 17ß-estradiol and uterine atrophy. Estrogen has known functions in skeletal muscle homeostasis involving the regulation of muscle protein turnover, cellular stressors, and oxidative metabolism. However, 17ß-estradiol's ability to regulate cachexia progression in the female is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gonadal function and estradiol administration on muscle mass loss and cachexia progression in female Apc Min/+ mice. Methods: Female C57BL/6 (B6; N = 82) and Apc Min/+ (MIN; N = 88) mice were used in two separate experiments. In experiment 1, mice were sacrificed at either 12 (N = 20) or 20 (N = 41) weeks of age. Body weight and estrous cycle presence was determined weekly. In experiment 2, B6 and MIN mice were randomly allocated to: Control (N = 17), received E2 pellet (E2, N = 18), ovariectomy surgery (OVX; N = 19) or ovariectomy surgery with E2 pellet (OVX + E2; N = 21). 17ß-estradiol was administered through an implanted slow-releasing pellet (0.1 mg). In estrogen and ovariectomy experiments, food intake, and functional outcomes were recorded 1 week prior to sacrifice. Results: We report that E2 administration prevented body weight loss, muscle mass loss, cage inactivity, and grip strength loss associated with cachexia. In skeletal muscle, E2 reduced skeletal muscle AMPK phosphorylation, improved mTORC1 signaling, and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a role for 17ß-estradiol for the prevention of skeletal muscle mass loss in female tumor bearing mice. Furthermore, 17ß-estradiol prevented cachexia's disruption in skeletal muscle signaling involving AMPK and mTORC1, in addition to improving mitochondrial function in female tumor bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany R. Counts
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Dennis K. Fix
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Kimbell L. Hetzler
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James A. Carson
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: James A. Carson
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