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He H, Li M, Qiu Y, Wu Z, Wu L. Washed microbiota transplantation improves sleep quality in patients with sleep disorder by the gut-brain axis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1415167. [PMID: 38979127 PMCID: PMC11228149 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1415167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical impact of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) from healthy donors in sleep disorder (SD) patients is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of WMT in SD patients. Methods The clinical data were collected from patients with different indications receiving 1-3 courses of WMT, divided into two groups by 7 points of PSQI scale. The score of PQSI and SF-36 scale was used to assess the improvement in sleep quality and life quality among patients with sleep disorders following WMT. Finally, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on fecal samples of patients with sleep disorders before and after WMT. Results WMT significantly improved sleep quality in patients with sleep disorder in the short and medium term. WMT significantly improved sleep latency, sleep time and total score in the short term. WMT significantly improved sleep quality and total score in the medium term. In terms of sleep quality and sleep latency, the improvement value also increased with the increase of treatment course, and the improvement effect of multiple treatment course was better than that of single and double treatment course. In the total score, the improvement effect of double and multiple treatment was better than that of single treatment. WMT also improved quality of life in the sleep disorder group. WMT significantly improved general health, vitality, social function and mental health in the short term. WMT significantly improved role-physical, general health, vitality, and mental health in the medium term. WMT regulated the disturbed gut microbiota in patients with sleep disorders. In the normal sleep group, WMT had no effect on the decline of sleep quality in the short, medium and long term, and had an improving effect on the quality of life. Conclusion WMT could significantly improve sleep quality and life quality in patients with sleep disorders with no adverse events. The improvement in sleep quality resulting from WMT could lead to an overall enhancement in life quality. WMT could be a potentially effective treatment for patients with sleep disorders by regulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin He
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Deyang T, Baig MAI, Dolkar P, Hediyal TA, Rathipriya AG, Bhaskaran M, PandiPerumal SR, Monaghan TM, Mahalakshmi AM, Chidambaram SB. Sleep apnoea, gut dysbiosis and cognitive dysfunction. FEBS J 2024; 291:2519-2544. [PMID: 37712936 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are becoming increasingly common, and their distinct effects on physical and mental health require elaborate investigation. Gut dysbiosis (GD) has been reported in sleep-related disorders, but sleep apnoea is of particular significance because of its higher prevalence and chronicity. Cumulative evidence has suggested a link between sleep apnoea and GD. This review highlights the gut-brain communication axis that is mediated via commensal microbes and various microbiota-derived metabolites (e.g. short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and trimethyl amine N-oxide), neurotransmitters (e.g. γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, glutamate and dopamine), immune cells and inflammatory mediators, as well as the vagus nerve and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This review also discusses the pathological role underpinning GD and altered gut bacterial populations in sleep apnoea and its related comorbid conditions, particularly cognitive dysfunction. In addition, the review examines the preclinical and clinical evidence, which suggests that prebiotics and probiotics may potentially be beneficial in sleep apnoea and its comorbidities through restoration of eubiosis or gut microbial homeostasis that regulates neural, metabolic and immune responses, as well as physiological barrier integrity via the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenzin Deyang
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Md Awaise Iqbal Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Phurbu Dolkar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Tousif Ahmed Hediyal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Mahendran Bhaskaran
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Frederic and Mary Wolf Center, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, OH, USA
| | - Seithikuruppu R PandiPerumal
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Arehally M Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- SIG-Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Neurosciences Research (BBRC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
- SIG-Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Neurosciences Research (BBRC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
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Bock JM, Johnson S, Kashyap PC, Somers VK, Cheung J. Impact of PAP on the gut microbiome in OSA: A pilot study. Sleep Med 2024; 118:39-42. [PMID: 38599014 PMCID: PMC11131366 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Microbes within the gastrointestinal tract have emerged as modulators of the host's health. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent partial, or complete, airway closure during sleep and is associated with increased risk of non-communicable diseases as well as dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Thus, we investigated if improving nocturnal airway patency via positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy improves gut microbial diversity in recently diagnosed patients with moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥15.0 events/hr). PATIENTS/METHODS Eight subjects (3 F, 56±9yrs, 33.5 ± 7.7 kg/m2, 45.0 ± 38.4 events/hr) provided stool samples before, and two months after, PAP therapy (mean adherence of 95 ± 6%, residual apnea-hypopnea index of 4.7 ± 4.6 events/hr). RESULTS While the Shannon diversity index tended to increase following PAP (3.96 ± 0.52 to 4.18 ± 0.56, p = 0.08), there were no changes in the Observed (1,088 ± 237 to 1,136 ± 289, p = 0.28) nor Inverse-Simpson (22.4 ± 12.99 to 26.6 ± 18.23, p = 0.28) alpha diversity indices. There were also no changes in beta diversity assessed using the Bray-Curtis (p = 0.98), Jaccard (p = 0.99), WUniFrac (p = 0.98), GUniFrac (p = 0.98), or UniFrac (p = 0.98) methods. No changes in differential abundance taxa were found using a false discovery rate threshold of <0.20. CONCLUSIONS Our data are the first to report that PAP therapy may not offset, or reverse, gut dysbiosis in patients with OSA. Accordingly, interventions which improve gut microbial health should be explored as potential adjunctive treatment options in patients with OSA to reduce their risk of developing non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Bock
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN, 55905, United States
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN, 55905, United States
| | - Purna C Kashyap
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN, 55905, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN, 55905, United States
| | - Virend K Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW Rochester, MN, 55905, United States
| | - Joseph Cheung
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road Jacksonville, FL, 32224, United States.
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Dong M, Liang X, Zhu T, Xu T, Xie L, Feng Y. Reoxygenation Mitigates Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:517-530. [PMID: 38812701 PMCID: PMC11135559 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s454297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep breathing disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as its standard treatment. However, the effects of intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation (IH/R) on weight regulation in obesity and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Gut microbiota has gained attention for its strong association with various diseases. This study aims to explore the combined influence of IH and obesity on gut microbiota and to investigate the impact of reoxygenation on IH-induced alterations. Methods Diet-induced obese (DIO) rats were created by 8-week high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and randomly assigned into three groups (n=15 per group): normoxia (NM), IH (6% O2, 30 cycles/h, 8 h/day, 4 weeks), or hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR, 2-week IH followed by 2-week reoxygenation) management. After modeling and exposure, body weight and biochemical indicators were measured, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results DIO rats in the IH group showed increased weight gain (p=0.0016) and elevated systemic inflammation, including IL-6 (p=0.0070) and leptin (p=0.0004). Moreover, IH rats exhibited greater microbial diversity (p<0.0167), and significant alterations in the microbial structure (p=0.014), notably the order Clostridiales, accompanied by an upregulation of bile acid metabolism predicted pathway (p=0.0043). Reoxygenation not only improved IH-exacerbated obesity, systemic inflammation, leptin resistance, and sympathetic activation, but also showed the potential to restore IH-induced microbial alterations. Elevated leptin levels were associated with Ruminococcaceae (p=0.0008) and Clostridiales (p=0.0019), while body weight was linked to Blautia producta (p=0.0377). Additionally, the abundance of Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with leptin levels (p=0.0006) and weight (p=0.0339). Conclusion IH leads to gut dysbiosis and metabolic disorders, while reoxygenation therapy demonstrates a potentially protective effect by restoring gut homeostasis and mitigating inflammation. It highlights the potential benefits of CPAP in reducing metabolic risk among obese patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Dong
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xili Liang
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhu
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Xu
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Yan Y, Zheng X, Liu G, Shi G, Li C, Chen H, He X, Lin K, Deng Z, Zhang H, Li WG, Chen H, Tong X, Zhu Z. Gut microbiota-derived cholic acid mediates neonatal brain immaturity and white matter injury under chronic hypoxia. iScience 2024; 27:109633. [PMID: 38638560 PMCID: PMC11025012 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia, common in neonates, disrupts gut microbiota balance, which is crucial for brain development. This study utilized cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) patients and a neonatal hypoxic rat model to explore the association. Both hypoxic rats and CCHD infants exhibited brain immaturity, white matter injury (WMI), brain inflammation, and motor/learning deficits. Through 16s rRNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis, a reduction in B. thetaiotaomicron and P. distasonis was identified, leading to cholic acid accumulation. This accumulation triggered M1 microglial activation and inflammation-induced WMI. Administration of these bacteria rescued cholic acid-induced WMI in hypoxic rats. These findings suggest that gut microbiota-derived cholic acid mediates neonatal WMI and brain inflammation, contributing to brain immaturity under chronic hypoxia. Therapeutic targeting of these bacteria provides a non-invasive intervention for chronic hypoxia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Songjiang Hospital and Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotions and Affective Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guocheng Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtong Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kana Lin
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Guang Li
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Tong
- Songjiang Hospital and Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotions and Affective Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Reveles KR, Hickmott AJ, Strey KA, Mustoe AC, Arroyo JP, Power ML, Ridenhour BJ, Amato KR, Ross CN. Developing the Common Marmoset as a Translational Geroscience Model to Study the Microbiome and Healthy Aging. Microorganisms 2024; 12:852. [PMID: 38792682 PMCID: PMC11123169 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging data support associations between the depletion of the healthy gut microbiome and aging-related physiological decline and disease. In humans, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used successfully to restore gut microbiome structure and function and to treat C. difficile infections, but its application to healthy aging has been scarcely investigated. The marmoset is an excellent model for evaluating microbiome-mediated changes with age and interventional treatments due to their relatively shorter lifespan and many social, behavioral, and physiological functions that mimic human aging. Prior work indicates that FMT is safe in marmosets and may successfully mediate gut microbiome function and host health. This narrative review (1) provides an overview of the rationale for FMT to support healthy aging using the marmoset as a translational geroscience model, (2) summarizes the prior use of FMT in marmosets, (3) outlines a protocol synthesized from prior literature for studying FMT in aging marmosets, and (4) describes limitations, knowledge gaps, and future research needs in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. Reveles
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
| | - Alexana J. Hickmott
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Kelsey A. Strey
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
| | - Aaryn C. Mustoe
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Michael L. Power
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA;
| | - Benjamin J. Ridenhour
- Department of Mathematics and Statistical Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA;
| | - Katherine R. Amato
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
| | - Corinna N. Ross
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.J.H.); (A.C.M.); (J.P.A.); (C.N.R.)
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Li S, Fang F, Yin Y, Wang Q. Recent progresses in gut microbiome mediates obstructive sleep apnea-induced cardiovascular diseases. FASEB Bioadv 2024; 6:118-130. [PMID: 38585431 PMCID: PMC10995711 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2023-00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifactorial sleep disorder with a high prevalence in the general population. OSA is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly hypertension, and is linked to worse outcomes. Although the correlation between OSA and CVDs is firmly established, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Continuous positive airway pressure is primary treatment for OSA reducing cardiovascular risk effectively, while is limited by inadequate compliance. Moreover, alternative treatments for cardiovascular complications in OSA are currently not available. Recently, there has been considerable attention on the significant correlation between gut microbiome and pathophysiological changes in OSA. Furthermore, gut microbiome has a significant impact on the cardiovascular complications that arise from OSA. Nevertheless, a detailed understanding of this association is lacking. This review examines recent advancements to clarify the link between the gut microbiome, OSA, and OSA-related CVDs, with a specific focus on hypertension, and also explores potential health advantages of adjuvant therapy that targets the gut microbiome in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Haifen Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Shuai Li
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Fan Fang
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Yanran Yin
- Shanxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's HospitalThe Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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Yan C, Liu Z, Xie W, Zhang T, Zhang J, Li G, Xu X, Ye L, Gong J. Cornuside protects against ischemic stroke in rats by suppressing the IL-17F/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway via the brain-gut axis. Exp Neurol 2024; 373:114672. [PMID: 38169196 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological disease with limited therapeutic options; thus, it is particularly important to find effective treatments. Restoration of gut microflora diversity is an important factor in the treatment of ischemic stroke, but the mechanism remains unclear. Cornuside is known for its unique anti-inflammatory and circulation-promoting effects; however, whether it can effectively treat ischemic stroke and its therapeutic mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we used a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion model (MCAO/R) to mimic ischemic stroke in humans and to assess the cerebral protective effects of cornuside in rats with ischemic stroke. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing, we explored the cornuside mechanism in the brain-gut axis that confers protection against ischemic stroke. In conclusion, cornuside can inhibit the IL-17F/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway by improving the dysregulation of intestinal microflora, and reduce intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation, which treated ischemic stroke rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Waner Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Hearing Disorders in Shandong, Department of human anatomy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jiyao Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Lei Ye
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 263003, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Andersen ML, Gozal D, Pires GN, Tufik S. Exploring the potential relationships among obstructive sleep apnea, erectile dysfunction, and gut microbiota: a narrative review. Sex Med Rev 2023; 12:76-86. [PMID: 37385976 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor sleep quality is closely associated with comorbidities affecting a multitude of organ systems. Among the sleep disorders in the population, there has recently been an increase in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has particularly affected men. The intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation associated with OSA can result in the manifestation or aggravation of a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including the impairment of reproductive function in men and women. In this context, erectile dysfunction (ED) is of particular concern. Other consequences of OSA are changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota, with the resultant dysbiosis having potentially harmful consequences that promote downstream exacerbation of various comorbidities. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aims to explore the potential relationships among ED, gut microbiota, and OSA. METHODS A search of the relevant literature was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases. RESULTS Sleep is important for regulating the body's functions, and sleep deprivation can negatively affect health. OSA can damage organic functions, including reproductive function, and can lead to ED. Restoring the microbiota and improving sleep can help to improve sexual function or reverse ED and enhance other associated conditions mediated through the gut-brain axis relationship. Probiotics and prebiotics can be used as supportive strategies in the prevention and treatment of OSA, as they help to reduce systemic inflammation and improve intestinal barrier function. CONCLUSION A good diet, a healthy lifestyle, and proper bowel function are essential in controlling depression and several other pathologies. Modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics and prebiotics can provide a viable strategy for developing new therapeutic options in treating many conditions. A better understanding of these a priori unrelated phenomena would foster our understanding of the effects of OSA on human fertility and how changes in gut microbiota may play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
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10
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Li X, Wang F, Gao Z, Huang W, Zhang X, Liu F, Yi H, Guan J, Wu X, Xu H, Yin S. Melatonin attenuates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in mice. Microbiol Res 2023; 276:127480. [PMID: 37659335 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) triggers subclinical intestinal barrier disruption prior to systemic low-grade inflammation. Increasing evidence suggests therapeutic effects of melatonin on systemic inflammation and gut microbiota remodelling. However, whether and how melatonin alleviates CIH-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH C57BL/6 J mice and Caco-2 cell line were treated. We evaluated gut barrier function spectrophotometrically using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled dextran. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect morphological changes in the mechanical barrier. Western blotting (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed the expression of tight junctions, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels. 16 S rRNA analysis of the colonic contents microflora. Flow cytometry was used to detect cytokines and Th17 cells with and without melatonin supplementation. KEY RESULTS We found that CIH could induce colonic mucosal injury, including reduction in the number of goblet cells and decrease the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. CIH could decrease the abundance of the beneficial genera Clostridium, Akkermansia, and Bacteroides, while increasing the abundance of the pathogenic genera Desulfovibrio and Bifidobacterium. Finally, CIH facilitated Th17 differentiation via the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in vitro and elevated the circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine in vivo. Melatonin supplementation ameliorated CIH-induced intestinal mucosal injury, gut microbiota dysbiosis, enteric Th17 polarization, and systemic low-grade inflammation reactions mentioned-above. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Melatonin attenuated CIH-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by regulating gut flora dysbiosis, mucosal epithelium integrity, and Th17 polarization via STAT3 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhenfei Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hongliang Yi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Central Laboratory of Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Xuhui Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Caobao Road 8, Shanghai 200235, China.
| | - Huajun Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Shankai Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Otorhinolaryngology Institute of Shanghai JiaoTong University, Yishan Road 600, Shanghai 200233, China
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11
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Yan W, Jiang M, Hu W, Zhan X, Liu Y, Zhou J, Ji J, Wang S, Tai J. Causality Investigation between Gut Microbiota, Derived Metabolites, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4544. [PMID: 37960197 PMCID: PMC10648878 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have highlighted the important associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and gut microbiota and related metabolites. Nevertheless, the establishment of causal relationships between these associations remains to be determined. Multiple mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to genetically predict the causative impact of 196 gut microbiota and 83 metabolites on OSA. Two-sample MR was used to assess the potential association, and causality was evaluated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) methods. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was employed to ascertain the causal independence between gut microbiota and the metabolites linked to OSA. Additionally, Cochran's Q test, the MR Egger intercept test and the MR Steiger test were used for the sensitivity analyses. The analysis of the 196 gut microbiota revealed that genus_Ruminococcaceae (UCG009) (PIVW = 0.010) and genus_Subdoligranulum (PIVW = 0.041) were associated with an increased risk of OSA onset. Conversely, Family_Ruminococcaceae (PIVW = 0.030), genus_Coprococcus2 (PWM = 0.025), genus_Eggerthella (PIVW = 0.011), and genus_Eubacterium (xylanophilum_group) (PIVW = 0.001) were negatively related to the risk of OSA. Among the 83 metabolites evaluated, 3-dehydrocarnitine, epiandrosterone sulfate, and leucine were determined to be potential independent risk factors associated with OSA. Moreover, the reverse MR analysis demonstrated a suggestive association between OSA exposure and six microbiota taxa. This study offers compelling evidence regarding the potential beneficial or detrimental causative impact of the gut microbiota and its associated metabolites on OSA risk, thereby providing new insights into the mechanisms of gut microbiome-mediated OSA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiheng Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China; (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (W.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (W.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (W.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China; (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Ji
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China;
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; (W.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.)
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12
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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13
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Baldanzi G, Sayols-Baixeras S, Theorell-Haglöw J, Dekkers KF, Hammar U, Nguyen D, Lin YT, Ahmad S, Holm JB, Nielsen HB, Brunkwall L, Benedict C, Cedernaes J, Koskiniemi S, Phillipson M, Lind L, Sundström J, Bergström G, Engström G, Smith JG, Orho-Melander M, Ärnlöv J, Kennedy B, Lindberg E, Fall T. OSA Is Associated With the Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Potential in the Population-Based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study. Chest 2023; 164:503-516. [PMID: 36925044 PMCID: PMC10410248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OSA is a common sleep-breathing disorder linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent upper airway obstruction and hypoxia, hallmarks of OSA, have been shown in animal models to induce substantial changes to the gut microbiota composition, and subsequent transplantation of fecal matter to other animals induced changes in BP and glucose metabolism. RESEARCH QUESTION Does OSA in adults associate with the composition and functional potential of the human gut microbiota? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We used respiratory polygraphy data from up to 3,570 individuals 50 to 64 years of age from the population-based Swedish Cardiopulmonary bioimage Study combined with deep shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples to identify cross-sectional associations between three OSA parameters covering apneas and hypopneas, cumulative sleep time in hypoxia, and number of oxygen desaturation events with gut microbiota composition. Data collection about potential confounders was based on questionnaires, onsite anthropometric measurements, plasma metabolomics, and linkage with the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. RESULTS We found that all three OSA parameters were associated with lower diversity of species in the gut. Furthermore, in multivariable-adjusted analysis, the OSA-related hypoxia parameters were associated with the relative abundance of 128 gut bacterial species, including higher abundance of Blautia obeum and Collinsella aerofaciens. The latter species was also independently associated with increased systolic BP. Furthermore, the cumulative time in hypoxia during sleep was associated with the abundance of genes involved in nine gut microbiota metabolic pathways, including propionate production from lactate. Finally, we observed two heterogeneous sets of plasma metabolites with opposite association with species positively and negatively associated with hypoxia parameters, respectively. INTERPRETATION OSA-related hypoxia, but not the number of apneas/hypopneas, is associated with specific gut microbiota species and functions. Our findings lay the foundation for future research on the gut microbiota-mediated health effects of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Baldanzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergi Sayols-Baixeras
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenny Theorell-Haglöw
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Koen F Dekkers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hammar
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Diem Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Louise Brunkwall
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christian Benedict
- Molecular Neuropharmacology (Sleep Science Lab), Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Cedernaes
- Department of Medical Sciences, Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Cell Biology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sanna Koskiniemi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Gustav Smith
- The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Kennedy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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14
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Li L, Liang T, Jiang T, Li Y, Yang L, Wu L, Yang J, Ding Y, Wang J, Chen M, Zhang J, Xie X, Wu Q. Gut microbiota: Candidates for a novel strategy for ameliorating sleep disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37477274 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2228409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to evaluate the feasibility of treating sleep disorders using novel gut microbiota intervention strategies. Multiple factors can cause sleep disorders, including an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Studies of the microbiome-gut-brain axis have revealed bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and gut microbes, providing a more comprehensive understanding of mood and behavioral regulatory patterns. Changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolites can stimulate the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems, which regulate the release of neurotransmitters and alter the activity of the central nervous system, ultimately leading to sleep disorders. Here, we review the main factors affecting sleep, discuss possible pathways and molecular mechanisms of the interaction between sleep and the gut microbiota, and compare common gut microbiota intervention strategies aimed at improving sleep physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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15
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Badran M, Puech C, Barrow MB, Runion AR, Gozal D. Solriamfetol enhances wakefulness and improves cognition and anxiety in a murine model of OSA. Sleep Med 2023; 107:89-99. [PMID: 37137196 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common consequence of OSA and is associated with cognitive deficits and anxiety. Modafinil (MOD) and Solriamfetol (SOL) are potent wake-promoting agents clinically used to improve wakefulness in OSA patients with EDS. METHODS Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to either IH or room air (RA) controls during the light phase for 16 weeks. Both groups were then randomly assigned to receive once-daily intraperitoneal injections of SOL (200 mg/kg), MOD (200 mg/kg) or vehicle (VEH) for 9 days while continuing IH exposures. Sleep/wake activity was assessed during the dark (active) phase. Novel object recognition (NOR), elevated-plus maze test (EPMT), and forced swim test (FST) were performed before and after drug treatment. RESULTS IH exposure increased dark phase sleep percentage and reduced wake bouts lengths and induced cognitive deficits and anxiogenic effects. Both SOL and MOD treatments decreased sleep propensity under IH conditions, but only SOL promoted improvements in NOR performance (explicit memory) and reduced anxiety-like behaviors. CONCLUSION Chronic IH, a hallmark feature of OSA, induces EDS in young adult mice that is ameliorated by both SOL and MOD. SOL, but not MOD, significantly improves IH-induced cognitive deficits and promotes anxiolytic effects. Thus, SOL could potentially benefit OSA patients beyond EDS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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16
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Puech C, Badran M, Runion AR, Barrow MB, Cataldo K, Gozal D. Cognitive Impairments, Neuroinflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Mice Exposed to Chronic Sleep Fragmentation during the Daylight Period. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9880. [PMID: 37373028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF). In murine models, chronic SF can impair endothelial function and induce cognitive declines. These deficits are likely mediated, at least in part, by alterations in Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Male C57Bl/6J mice were randomly assigned to SF or sleep control (SC) conditions for 4 or 9 weeks and in a subset 2 or 6 weeks of normal sleep recovery. The presence of inflammation and microglia activation were evaluated. Explicit memory function was assessed with the novel object recognition (NOR) test, while BBB permeability was determined by systemic dextran-4kDA-FITC injection and Claudin 5 expression. SF exposures resulted in decreased NOR performance and in increased inflammatory markers and microglial activation, as well as enhanced BBB permeability. Explicit memory and BBB permeability were significantly associated. BBB permeability remained elevated after 2 weeks of sleep recovery (p < 0.01) and returned to baseline values only after 6 weeks. Chronic SF exposures mimicking the fragmentation of sleep that characterizes patients with OSA elicits evidence of inflammation in brain regions and explicit memory impairments in mice. Similarly, SF is also associated with increased BBB permeability, the magnitude of which is closely associated with cognitive functional losses. Despite the normalization of sleep patterns, BBB functional recovery is a protracted process that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kylie Cataldo
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, 400 N Keene St., Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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17
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Puech C, Badran M, Barrow MB, Runion AR, Gozal D. Solriamfetol improves chronic sleep fragmentation-induced increases in sleep propensity and ameliorates explicit memory in male mice. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad057. [PMID: 36866452 PMCID: PMC10413435 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition characterized by episodes of partial or complete breath cessation during sleep that induces sleep fragmentation (SF). One of the frequent manifestations of OSA is the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with cognitive deficits. Solriamfetol (SOL) and modafinil (MOD) are wake-promoting agents commonly prescribed to improve wakefulness in OSA patients with EDS. This study aimed to assess the effects of SOL and MOD in a murine model of OSA characterized by periodic SF. Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to either control sleep (SC) or SF (mimicking OSA) during the light period (06:00 h to 18:00 h) for 4 weeks, which consistently induces sustained excessive sleepiness during the dark phase. Both groups were then randomly assigned to receive once-daily intraperitoneal injections of SOL (200 mg/kg), MOD (200 mg/kg), or vehicle for 1 week while continuing exposures to SF or SC. Sleep/wake activity and sleep propensity were assessed during the dark phase. Novel Object Recognition test, Elevated-Plus Maze Test, and Forced Swim Test were performed before and after treatment. SOL or MOD decreased sleep propensity in SF, but only SOL induced improvements in explicit memory, while MOD exhibited increased anxiety behaviors. Chronic SF, a major hallmark of OSA, induces EDS in young adult mice that is mitigated by both SOL and MOD. SOL, but not MOD, significantly improves SF-induced cognitive deficits. Increased anxiety behaviors are apparent in MOD-treated mice. Further studies aiming to elucidate the beneficial cognitive effects of SOL are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
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18
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Munir SS, Sert Kuniyoshi FH, Singh P, Covassin N. Is the Gut Microbiome Implicated in the Excess Risk of Hypertension Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea? A Contemporary Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040866. [PMID: 37107242 PMCID: PMC10135363 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The pathogenesis of elevated blood pressure (BP) in OSA is multifactorial, including sympathetic overdrive, vascular aberrations, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. Among the mechanisms potentially involved in OSA-induced hypertension, the role of the gut microbiome is gaining increasing attention. Perturbations in the diversity, composition, and function of the gut microbiota have been causally linked to numerous disorders, and robust evidence has identified gut dysbiosis as a determinant of BP elevation in various populations. In this brief review, we summarize the current body of literature on the implications of altered gut microbiota for hypertension risk in OSA. Data from both preclinical models of OSA and patient populations are presented, and potential mechanistic pathways are highlighted, along with therapeutic considerations. Available evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may promote the development of hypertension in OSA and may thus be a target for interventions aimed at attenuating the adverse consequences of OSA in relation to cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanah S. Munir
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Fatima H. Sert Kuniyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- ResMed Science Center, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Prachi Singh
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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19
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Mashaqi S, Rangan P, Saleh AA, Abraham I, Gozal D, Quan SF, Parthasarathy S. Biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 69:101774. [PMID: 37028145 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on gut barrier dysfunction as represented by the following biomarkers: zonulin, lipopolysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and lactic acid. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restrictions from inception to October 2022. The analysis of all outcomes was performed using a random-effects model. We included eight studies (seven cross sectional and one case control) in the final quantitative synthesis with a total of 897 patients. We concluded that OSA was associated with higher levels of gut barrier dysfunction biomarkers [Hedges' g = 0.73 (95%CI 0.37-1.09, p < 0.01). Biomarker levels were positively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index [r = 0.48 (95%CI 0.35-0.6, p < 0.01)] and oxygen desaturation index [r = 0.30 (95%CI 0.17-0.42, p < 0.01)], and negatively correlated with the nadir oxygen desaturation values [r = -0.45 (95%CI - 0.55 - - 0.32, p < 0.01). Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that OSA is associated with gut barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, OSA severity appears to be correlated with higher biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022333078.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mashaqi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, 1625 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
| | - Pooja Rangan
- Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Ahlam A Saleh
- Health Sciences Library, The University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Ivo Abraham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, USA.
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20
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Sánchez-de-la-Torre M, Cubillos C, Veatch OJ, Garcia-Rio F, Gozal D, Martinez-Garcia MA. Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1061. [PMID: 36831404 PMCID: PMC9953831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and a higher incidence or severity of cancer. This relationship appears to be dependent on a myriad of factors. These include non-modifiable factors, such as age and gender; and modifiable or preventable factors, such as specific comorbidities (especially obesity), the use of particular treatments, and, above all, the histological type or location of the cancer. Heterogeneity in the relationship between OSA and cancer is also related to the influences of intermittent hypoxemia (a hallmark feature of OSA), among others, on metabolism and the microenvironment of different types of tumoral cells. The hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α), a molecule activated and expressed in situations of hypoxemia, seems to be key to enabling a variety of pathophysiological mechanisms that are becoming increasingly better recognized. These mechanisms appear to be operationally involved via alterations in different cellular functions (mainly involving the immune system) and molecular functions, and by inducing modifications in the microbiome. This, in turn, may individually or collectively increase the risk of cancer, which is then, further modulated by the genetic susceptibility of the individual. Here, we provide an updated and brief review of the different pathophysiological pathways that have been identified and could explain the relationship between OSA and cancer. We also identify future challenges that need to be overcome in this intriguing field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre
- Group of Precision Medicine in Chronic Diseases, Respiratory Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa María, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Cubillos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Group of Respiratory Diseases, Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivia J. Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Francisco Garcia-Rio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Group of Respiratory Diseases, Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Miguel Angel Martinez-Garcia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Department, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Pneumology Department, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46012 Valencia, Spain
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21
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Badran M, Khalyfa A, Ericsson AC, Puech C, McAdams Z, Bender SB, Gozal D. Gut microbiota mediate vascular dysfunction in a murine model of sleep apnoea: effect of probiotics. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2200002. [PMID: 36028255 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00002-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic prevalent condition characterised by intermittent hypoxia (IH), and is associated with endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease (CAD). OSA can induce major changes in gut microbiome diversity and composition, which in turn may induce the emergence of OSA-associated morbidities. However, the causal effects of IH-induced gut microbiome changes on the vasculature remain unexplored. Our objective was to assess if vascular dysfunction induced by IH is mediated through gut microbiome changes. METHODS Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was conducted on C57BL/6J naïve mice for 6 weeks to receive either IH or room air (RA) faecal slurry with or without probiotics (VSL#3). In addition to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of their gut microbiome, FMT recipients underwent arterial blood pressure and coronary artery and aorta function testing, and their trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and plasma acetate levels were determined. Finally, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to IH, IH treated with VSL#3 or RA for 6 weeks, and arterial blood pressure and coronary artery function assessed. RESULTS Gut microbiome taxonomic profiles correctly segregated IH from RA in FMT mice and the normalising effect of probiotics emerged. Furthermore, IH-FMT mice exhibited increased arterial blood pressure and TMAO levels, and impairments in aortic and coronary artery function (p<0.05) that were abrogated by probiotic administration. Lastly, treatment with VSL#3 under IH conditions did not attenuate elevations in arterial blood pressure or CAD. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiome alterations induced by chronic IH underlie, at least partially, the typical cardiovascular disturbances of sleep apnoea and can be mitigated by concurrent administration of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badran
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Aaron C Ericsson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- University of Missouri Metagenomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Clementine Puech
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zachary McAdams
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutics Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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22
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Lee J, Kang J, Kim Y, Lee S, Oh CM, Kim T. Integrated analysis of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in response to sleep deprivation and diet-induced obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117259. [PMID: 36896179 PMCID: PMC9990496 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep deprivation (SD) and obesity are common in modern societies. SD and obesity frequently coexist, but research on the combined consequences of SD and obesity has been limited. In this study, we investigated the gut microbiota and host responses to SD and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. In addition, we attempted to identify key mediators of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups based on whether they were sleep deprived and whether they were fed a standard chow diet (SCD) or HFD. We then performed fecal microbiome shotgun sequencing, gut transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing, and brain mRNA expression analysis using the nanoString nCounter Mouse Neuroinflammation Panel. RESULTS The gut microbiota was significantly altered by the HFD, whereas the gut transcriptome was primarily influenced by SD. Sleep and diet are both important in the inflammatory system of the brain. When SD and the HFD were combined, the inflammatory system of the brain was severely disrupted. In addition, inosine-5' phosphate may be the gut microbial metabolite that mediates microbiota-gut-brain interactions. To identify the major drivers of this interaction, we analyzed the multi-omics data. Integrative analysis revealed two driver factors that were mostly composed of the gut microbiota. We discovered that the gut microbiota may be the primary driver of microbiota-gut-brain interactions. DISCUSSION These findings imply that healing gut dysbiosis may be a viable therapeutic target for enhancing sleep quality and curing obesity-related dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibeom Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- Department of School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Sunjae Lee, ; Chang-Myung Oh, ; Tae Kim,
| | - Chang-Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Sunjae Lee, ; Chang-Myung Oh, ; Tae Kim,
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Sunjae Lee, ; Chang-Myung Oh, ; Tae Kim,
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23
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The Role of Gut Bacteriome in Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122457. [PMID: 36557710 PMCID: PMC9781820 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body contains a very complex and dynamic ecosystem of bacteria. The bacteriome interacts with the host bi-directionally, and changes in either factor impact the entire system. It has long been known that chronic airway diseases are associated with disturbances in the lung bacteriome. However, less is known about the role of gut bacteriome in the most common respiratory diseases. Here, we aim to summarise the evidence concerning the role of the intestinal bacteriome in the pathogenesis and disease course of bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. Furthermore, we discuss the consequences of an altered gut bacteriome on the most common comorbidities of these lung diseases. Lastly, we also reflect on the therapeutic potential of influencing the gut microbiome to improve disease outcomes.
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24
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Liu W, Du Q, Zhang H, Han D. The gut microbiome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children. Sleep Med 2022; 100:462-471. [PMID: 36252415 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children has become a major public health problem that affects the physical and mental growth of children. OSAS can result in adverse outcomes during growth and development, inhibiting the normal development of the metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune systems. OSAS is characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway, and prolonged obstruction that causes intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation in children. The human microbiota is a complex community that is in dynamic equilibrium in the human body. Intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation induced by childhood OSAS alter the composition of the gut microbiome. At the same time, changes in the gut microbiome affect sleep patterns in children through immunomodulatory and metabolic mechanisms, and induce further comorbidities, such as obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. This article discusses recent progress in research into the mechanisms of OSAS-induced changes in the gut microbiota and its pathophysiology in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Liu
- Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Clinical Lab in Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Du
- Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Clinical Lab in Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Clinical Lab in Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dingding Han
- Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Clinical Lab in Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China; Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Farré R, Almendros I, Martínez-García MÁ, Gozal D. Experimental Models to Study End-Organ Morbidity in Sleep Apnea: Lessons Learned and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214430. [PMID: 36430904 PMCID: PMC9696027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep apnea (SA) is a very prevalent sleep breathing disorder mainly characterized by intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation, with ensuing systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune deregulation. These perturbations promote the risk of end-organ morbidity, such that SA patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular, neurocognitive, metabolic and malignant disorders. Investigating the potential mechanisms underlying SA-induced end-organ dysfunction requires the use of comprehensive experimental models at the cell, animal and human levels. This review is primarily focused on the experimental models employed to date in the study of the consequences of SA and tackles 3 different approaches. First, cell culture systems whereby controlled patterns of intermittent hypoxia cycling fast enough to mimic the rates of episodic hypoxemia experienced by patients with SA. Second, animal models consisting of implementing realistic upper airway obstruction patterns, intermittent hypoxia, or sleep fragmentation such as to reproduce the noxious events characterizing SA. Finally, human SA models, which consist either in subjecting healthy volunteers to intermittent hypoxia or sleep fragmentation, or alternatively applying oxygen supplementation or temporary nasal pressure therapy withdrawal to SA patients. The advantages, limitations, and potential improvements of these models along with some of their pertinent findings are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 1964603 Madrid, Spain
- Institut Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.F.); (D.G.)
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 1964603 Madrid, Spain
- Institut Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel-Ángel Martínez-García
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 1964603 Madrid, Spain
- Pneumology Department, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Correspondence: (R.F.); (D.G.)
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26
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Puech C, Badran M, Runion AR, Barrow MB, Qiao Z, Khalyfa A, Gozal D. Explicit memory, anxiety and depressive like behavior in mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, or both during the daylight period. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2022; 13:100084. [PMID: 36254342 PMCID: PMC9568859 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and highly prevalent condition characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation (SF), and can lead to a vast array of end-organ morbidities, particularly affecting cardiovascular, metabolic and neurobehavioral functioning. OSA can induce cognitive and behavioral and mood deficits. Male C57Bl/6J 8-week-old mice were housed in custom-designed cages with a silent motorized mechanical sweeper traversing the cage floor at 2-min intervals (SF) during daylight for four weeks. Sleep control (SC) consisted of keeping sweeper immobile. IH consisted of cycling FiO2 21% 90 seconds-6.3% 90s or room air (RA; FiO2 21%) for sixteen weeks and combined SF-IH was conducted for nine weeks. Open field novel object recognition (NOR) testing, elevated-plus maze test (EPMT), and forced swimming test (FST) were performed. SF induced cognitive NOR performance impairments in mice along with reduced anxiety behaviors while IH induced deficits in NOR performance, but increased anxiety behaviors. SF-IH induced impaired performance in NOR test of similar magnitude to IH or SF alone. Combined SF-IH exposures did not affect anxiety behaviors. Thus, both SF an IH altered cognitive function while imposing opposite effects on anxiety behaviors. SF-IH did not magnify the detrimental effects of isolated SF or IH and canceled out the effects on anxiety. Based on these findings, the underlying pathophysiologic processes underlying IH and SF adverse effects on cognitive function appear to differ, while those affecting anxiety counteract each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Puech
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Badran
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra R Runion
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Max B Barrow
- Undergraduate Student Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zhuanhong Qiao
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Child Health Research Institute, Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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27
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Inoue M, Matsumura K, Sugimori N, Hamazaki K, Tsuchida A, Inadera H. Dietary intake of yogurt and cheese in children at age 1 year and sleep duration at age 1 and 3 years: the Japan Environment and Children's Study. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:624. [PMID: 36319988 PMCID: PMC9623995 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03633-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported that 1-year-old infants born to mothers who regularly consumed fermented food during pregnancy had a lower risk of sleep deprivation. However, it is not known if these positive effects are enhanced when infants themselves eat fermented foods or the long-term effects of such consumption. In this study, we examined the association between the frequency of fermented food intake during the child’s weaning period and sleep deprivation at age 1 and 3 years. Methods This birth cohort study used data from a nationwide, government-funded study called the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), covering 65,210 mother-child pairs. We examined the association between infants’ consumption of fermented foods at 1 year of age and sleep deprivation at 1 and 3 years of age. Results There was no association between yogurt or cheese intake and sleep duration at age 1; at age 3, there was no group difference, although a trend test showed that yogurt intake at age 1 was significantly associated with sleep duration at age 3. There was also no association between the frequency of cheese intake and inadequate sleep duration at age 3. Conclusion Frequency of children’s yogurt and cheese intake at age 1 was not associated with sleep duration at age 1 or 3. However, a trend test showed a significant association between the frequency of yogurt intake at age 1 and sleep duration at age 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Inoue
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan
| | - Kenta Matsumura
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XToyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-8555 Toyama City, Toyama Japan
| | - Narumi Sugimori
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XToyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-8555 Toyama City, Toyama Japan ,grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa 3-39-22, 371-8511 Maebashi, Gunma Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XToyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-8555 Toyama City, Toyama Japan
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-0194 Toyama City, Toyama Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XToyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, 930-8555 Toyama City, Toyama Japan
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Multiomics Analysis Reveals Aberrant Metabolism and Immunity Linked Gut Microbiota with Insomnia. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0099822. [PMID: 36190400 PMCID: PMC9602994 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00998-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that insomnia is related to gut microbiota. Previous research suggests that immunity and metabolism are also associated with insomnia. However, to our knowledge, the integration of these factors has not been investigated in insomnia. Here, we explored the correlations across gut microbiota, serum metabolism, and inflammatory factors in insomnia. Our results showed that the composition and structure of gut microbiota and metabolism in insomnia patients were different from healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus crispatus were significantly increased in insomniacs. There were five metabolic pathways in insomniacs (glycerophospholipid metabolism; glutathione metabolism; nitrogen metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis) significantly different between the two groups. Moreover, we found that IL-1β levels were significantly higher in insomnia patients while TNF-α was significantly reduced. We further identified that the changes in the level of IL-1β and TNF-α were associated with some specific bacteria and metabolites, such as Prevotella amnii, Prevotella buccalis, Prevotella timonensis, and Prevotella colorans. Mediation analysis further determined that the immune factors and metabolites could mediate the relationship between gut microbes and insomnia. IMPORTANCE Our study indicated that systematic inflammation and metabolites might be a pathway linking the gut microbiome with insomnia. These findings provide new insights and a better understanding of gut microbiota's role in insomnia as well as potential novel microbiome-related etiologies for insomnia.
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Huang X, Chen X, Gong X, Xu Y, Xu Z, Gao X. Characteristics of salivary microbiota in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A prospective study with polysomnography. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:945284. [PMID: 36105146 PMCID: PMC9465092 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.945284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of salivary microbiota of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to assess longitudinal alterations in salivary microbiota before and after adenotonsillectomy.MethodsA set of cross-sectional samples consisted of 36 OSA children (17 boys and 19 girls, 7.47 ± 2.24 years old) and 22 controls (9 boys and 13 girls, 7.55 ± 2.48 years old) were included in the study, among which eight OSA children (five boys and three girls, 8.8 ± 2.0 years old) who underwent treatment of adenotonsillectomy were followed up after 1 year. Saliva samples were collected, and microbial profiles were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis based on 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsIn cross-sectional samples, the OSA group had higher α-diversity as estimated by Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, Pielou_e, and observed species as compared with the control group (p < 0.05). β-Diversity based on the Bray–Curtis dissimilarities (p = 0.004) and Jaccard distances (p = 0.001) revealed a significant separation between the OSA group and control group. Nested cross-validated random forest classifier identified the 10 most important genera (Lactobacillus, Escherichia, Bifidobacterium, Capnocytophaga, Bacteroidetes_[G-7], Parvimonas, Bacteroides, Klebsiella, Lautropia, and Prevotella) that could differentiate OSA children from controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed a significantly higher abundance of genera such as Prevotella (p = 0.027), Actinomyces (p = 0.015), Bifidobacterium (p < 0.001), Escherichia (p < 0.001), and Lactobacillus (p < 0.001) in the OSA group, among which Prevotella was further corroborated in longitudinal samples. Prevotella sp_HMT_396 was found to be significantly enriched in the OSA group (p = 0.02) with significantly higher levels as OSA severity increased (p = 0.014), and it had a lower abundance in the post-treatment group (p = 0.003) with a decline in each OSA child 1 year after adenotonsillectomy.ConclusionsA significantly higher microbial diversity and a significant difference in microbial composition and abundance were identified in salivary microbiota of OSA children compared with controls. Meanwhile, some characteristic genera (Prevotella, Actinomyces, Lactobacillus, Escherichia, and Bifidobacterium) were found in OSA children, among which the relationship between Prevotella spp. and OSA is worth further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Gao,
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Gao,
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The microbiota-gut-brain axis in sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 65:101691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mediterranean Diet on Sleep: A Health Alliance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142998. [PMID: 35889954 PMCID: PMC9318336 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a plant-based, antioxidant-rich, unsaturated fat dietary pattern that has been consistently associated with lower rates of noncommunicable diseases and total mortality, so that it is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Clinical trials and mechanistic studies have demonstrated that the Mediterranean diet and its peculiar foods and nutrients exert beneficial effects against inflammation, oxidative stress, dysmetabolism, vascular dysfunction, adiposity, senescence, cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and tumorigenesis, thus preventing age-associated chronic diseases and improving wellbeing and health. Nocturnal sleep is an essential physiological function, whose alteration is associated with health outcomes and chronic diseases. Scientific evidence suggests that diet and sleep are related in a bidirectional relationship, and the understanding of this association is important given their role in disease prevention. In this review, we surveyed the literature concerning the current state of evidence from epidemiological studies on the impact of the Mediterranean diet on nighttime sleep quantity and quality. The available studies indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with adequate sleep duration and with several indicators of better sleep quality. Potential mechanisms mediating the effect of the Mediterranean diet and its foods and nutrients on sleep are described, and gap-in-knowledge and new research agenda to corroborate findings are discussed.
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang K, Lu X, Yuan G, Yang H, Guo H, Zhu Z, Wang T, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Zhang Z. The Component and Functional Pathways of Gut Microbiota Are Altered in Populations with Poor Sleep Quality - A Preliminary Report. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 71:241-250. [PMID: 35716170 PMCID: PMC9252145 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2022-021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of genome sequencing, many researchers have investigated the mechanism by which the intestinal microbiota influences sleep across the brain-gut axis. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and sleep disorder remains unclear. Thus, we studied the difference in gut microbiota composition between poor sleep quality- and normal populations, which helps set the ground for future research. The recruited college students provided baseline information and stool samples and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We compared the two groups’ gut microbiota composition and functional differentiation by using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The main bacterial difference and the most critical effect were mainly concentrated within Tenericutes and Elusimicrobia. Compared with the healthy control group, some functions of the gut microbiota were impaired in the poor sleep quality group, such as butanoate metabolism and propanoate metabolism. Bacterial taxa with significant differences raised the possibility for future diagnosis and treatment of sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Gut microbiome and daytime function in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychosom Res 2022; 157:110787. [PMID: 35344817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is underscored by daytime dysfunction-associated features, including mood disturbances, impaired cognition, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness. Importantly, the gut-brain axis may represent a potential mechanistic link between MDD and daytime dysfunction. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the gut microbiome composition and daytime dysfunction in Chinese patients with MDD. METHODS We enrolled 36 patients with MDD and 45 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Daytime function including emotion, fatigue, and sleepiness were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to characterize the gut microbiota in stool samples. RESULTS The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) OTU255, OUT363 were positively correlated with HAMD and HAMA. OTU244, OTU542 and OTU221 were positively correlated with ESS, HAMD and HAMA. OTU725 and OTU80 were positively correlated with FSS, ESS, HAMD and HAMA, while OTU423 and OTU502 were negatively correlated with all above. Flavonifractor positively correlated with fatigue in patients with MDD and all individuals simultaneously. The correlation between gut microbiome and daytime function was different in MDD and HCs. CONCLUSIONS We identified several OTUs associated with the severity of fatigue, depression, daytime sleepiness and anxiety in all individuals. Our results revealed the differences in microbiome found between patients with MDD and HCs. These findings provide insights into the potential microbiota changes that occur in MDD, and will enable the development of specific therapeutic strategies for targeting the various symptoms of depression.
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Mashaqi S, Kallamadi R, Matta A, Quan SF, Patel SI, Combs D, Estep L, Lee-Iannotti J, Smith C, Parthasarathy S, Gozal D. Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for COVID-19 Severity-The Gut Microbiome as a Common Player Mediating Systemic Inflammation via Gut Barrier Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:1569. [PMID: 35563874 PMCID: PMC9101605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel corona virus that is now known as (SARS-CoV-2) has killed more than six million people worldwide. The disease presentation varies from mild respiratory symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome and ultimately death. Several risk factors have been shown to worsen the severity of COVID-19 outcomes (such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity). Since many of these risk factors are known to be influenced by obstructive sleep apnea, this raises the possibility that OSA might be an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. A shift in the gut microbiota has been proposed to contribute to outcomes in both COVID-19 and OSA. To further evaluate the potential triangular interrelationships between these three elements, we conducted a thorough literature review attempting to elucidate these interactions. From this review, it is concluded that OSA may be a risk factor for worse COVID-19 clinical outcomes, and the shifts in gut microbiota associated with both COVID-19 and OSA may mediate processes leading to bacterial translocation via a defective gut barrier which can then foster systemic inflammation. Thus, targeting biomarkers of intestinal tight junction dysfunction in conjunction with restoring gut dysbiosis may provide novel avenues for both risk detection and adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mashaqi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Rekha Kallamadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; (R.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Abhishek Matta
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; (R.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Stuart F. Quan
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Salma I. Patel
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Daniel Combs
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Lauren Estep
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Joyce Lee-Iannotti
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA;
| | - Charles Smith
- The Intermountain Healthcare, Merrill Gappmayer Family Medicine Center, Provo, UT 84604, USA;
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
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Abstract
Healthy development and function of essentially all physiological systems and organs, including the brain, require exposure to the microbiota of our mothers and of the natural environment, especially in early life. We also know that some infections, if we survive them, modulate the immune system in relevant ways. If we study the evolution of the immune and metabolic systems, we can understand how these requirements developed and the nature of the organisms that we need to encounter. We can then begin to identify the mechanisms of the beneficial effects of these exposures. Against this evolutionary background, we can analyze the ways in which the modern urban lifestyle, particularly for individuals experiencing low socioeconomic status (SES), results in deficient or distorted microbial exposures and microbiomes. Thus, an evolutionary approach facilitates the identification of practical solutions to the growing scandal of health disparities linked to inequality.
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Su J, Meng Y, Fang Y, Sun L, Wang M, Liu Y, Zhao C, Dai L, Ouyang S. Role of raphe magnus 5-HT 1A receptor in increased ventilatory responses induced by intermittent hypoxia in rats. Respir Res 2022; 23:42. [PMID: 35241072 PMCID: PMC8892800 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intermittent hypoxia induces increased ventilatory responses in a 5-HT-dependent manner. This study aimed to explore that effect of raphe magnus serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1A) receptor on the increased ventilatory responses induced by intermittent hypoxia. Methods Stereotaxic surgery was performed in adult male rats, and acute and chronic intermittent hypoxia models were established after recovery from surgery. The experimental group received microinjections of 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) into the raphe magnus nucleus (RMg). Meanwhile, the control group received microinjections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid instead of 8-OH-DPAT. Ventilatory responses were compared among the different groups of oxygen status. 5-HT expressions in the RMg region were assessed by immunohistochemistry after chronic intermittent hypoxia. Results Compared with the normoxia group, the acute intermittent hypoxia group exhibited higher ventilatory responses (e.g., shorter inspiratory time and higher tidal volume, frequency of breathing, minute ventilation, and mean inspiratory flow) (P < 0.05). 8-OH-DPAT microinjection partly weakened these changes in the acute intermittent hypoxia group. Further, compared with the acute intermittent hypoxia group, rats in chronic intermittent hypoxia group exhibited higher measures of ventilatory responses after 1 day of intermittent hypoxia (P < 0.05). These effects peaked after 3 days of intermittent hypoxia treatment and then decreased gradually. Moreover, these changes were diminished in the experimental group. 5-HT expression in the RMg region increased after chronic intermittent hypoxia, which was consistent with the changing trend of ventilatory responses. While activation of the 5-HT1A receptor in the RMg region alleviated this phenomenon. Conclusions The results indicate that RMg 5-HT1A receptor, via changing the expression level of 5-HT in the RMg region, is involved in the modulation of the increased ventilatory responses induced by intermittent hypoxia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-01970-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Su
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yang Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yifei Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Linge Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunling Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Songyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Gawlik-Kotelnicka O, Margulska A, Gabryelska A, Sochal M, Białasiewicz P, Strzelecki D. “Leaky Gut” as a Keystone of the Connection between Depression and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome? A Rationale and Study Design. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020152. [PMID: 35208226 PMCID: PMC8878827 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depression are highly comorbid. Immune alterations, oxidative stress or microbiota dysfunction have been proposed as some mechanisms underlying this association. The aim of the proposed study is to assess the severity and profile of OSA and depressive symptoms in the context of serum microbiota metabolites, biomarkers of intestinal permeability, inflammation and oxidative stress in adult patients diagnosed with OSA syndrome. The study population consists of 200 subjects. An apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥ 5/hour is used for the diagnosis. Depressive symptoms are assessed with Beck Depression Inventory. Measured serum markers are: tumour necrosis factor–alpha and interleukin-6 for inflammation, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration for oxidative stress, zonulin, calprotectin, lipopolisaccharide-binding protein and intestinal fatty acids-binding protein for intestinal permeability. All of the above will be measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations between clinical symptoms profile and severity and the above markers levels will be tested. It would be valuable to seek for overlap indicators of depression and OSA to create this endophenotype possible biomarkers and form new prophylactic or therapeutic methods. The results may be useful to establish a subpopulation of patients sensitive to microbiota therapeutic interventions (probiotics, prebiotics, and microbiota transplantation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-603819776
| | | | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
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Dong Y, Wang P, Lin J, Han C, Jiao J, Zuo K, Chen M, Yang X, Cai J, Jiang H, Guo X, Li J. Characterization of fecal metabolome changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:575-586. [PMID: 34534066 PMCID: PMC8804979 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea or hypopnea of the upper airway, leading to increased negative intrathoracic pressure, sleep fragmentation, intermittent hypoxia during sleep, and increased risk for morbidity and mortality of affected patients. The gut microbiome plays a key role in OSA pathogenesis, and fecal metabolic profiling reflects the gut microbial functional readout and mediates host-microbiome interactions. METHODS Herein, we conducted a cohort study to explore fecal metabolic signatures distinguishing OSA (44 patients) from healthy controls (22 healthy controls) by untargeted gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Significant metabolic signatures were detected in stool samples of patients with OSA: 246 metabolites of 24 ontology classes were identified, and 48 metabolites of 6 ontology classes were shifted. An enrichment of arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and 11Z-eicosenoic acid and reduction in stearic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, gluconic acid, and α-hyodeoxycholic acid were observed in stool samples from patients with OSA. Fecal variance resulted in alterations in potential metabolic activities and was thereby strongly associated with host phenotypes, such as pulse blood oxygen saturation and apnea-hypopnea index. The prediction model based on feces metabolomics was established to distinguish OSA from healthy controls with high accuracy. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the metabolomic signatures of patients with OSA in feces, and the findings provide evidence of an association between metabolome and OSA. CITATION Dong Y, Wang P, Lin J, et al. Characterization of fecal metabolome changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(2):575-586.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dong
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Lin
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunming Han
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jiao
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zuo
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mulei Chen
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - He Jiang
- The International Curriculum Centre, The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiheng Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;,Address correspondence to: Jing Li, PhD, Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100020; Tel: 86-10-85231937; ; and Xiheng Guo, MD, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100020; Tel: 86-10-85231545;
| | - Jing Li
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Address correspondence to: Jing Li, PhD, Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, 8th Gongtinanlu Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, 100020; Tel: 86-10-85231937; ; and Xiheng Guo, MD, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 100020; Tel: 86-10-85231545;
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The interplay between Sleep and Gut Microbiota. Brain Res Bull 2022; 180:131-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Editorial: Intermittent hypoxia. Exp Neurol 2021; 348:113951. [PMID: 34955452 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Pacheco AP, Cedernaes J, Benedict C. Gut microbiome as a therapeutic target in the treatment of sleep disorders: where we are. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 60:101547. [PMID: 34571476 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André P Pacheco
- Department of Neuroscience (Sleep Science, BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Christian Benedict
- Department of Neuroscience (Sleep Science, BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Olson CA, Iñiguez AJ, Yang GE, Fang P, Pronovost GN, Jameson KG, Rendon TK, Paramo J, Barlow JT, Ismagilov RF, Hsiao EY. Alterations in the gut microbiota contribute to cognitive impairment induced by the ketogenic diet and hypoxia. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1378-1392.e6. [PMID: 34358434 PMCID: PMC8429275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Many genetic and environmental factors increase susceptibility to cognitive impairment (CI), and the gut microbiome is increasingly implicated. However, the identity of gut microbes associated with CI risk, their effects on CI, and their mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that a carbohydrate-restricted (ketogenic) diet potentiates CI induced by intermittent hypoxia in mice and alters the gut microbiota. Depleting the microbiome reduces CI, whereas transplantation of the risk-associated microbiome or monocolonization with Bilophila wadsworthia confers CI in mice fed a standard diet. B. wadsworthia and the risk-associated microbiome disrupt hippocampal synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and gene expression. The CI is associated with microbiome-dependent increases in intestinal interferon-gamma (IFNg)-producing Th1 cells. Inhibiting Th1 cell development abrogates the adverse effects of both B. wadsworthia and environmental risk factors on CI. Together, these findings identify select gut bacteria that contribute to environmental risk for CI in mice by promoting inflammation and hippocampal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Olson
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Correspondence to: ,
| | - Alonso J. Iñiguez
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Grace E. Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Geoffrey N. Pronovost
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kelly G. Jameson
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tomiko K. Rendon
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jorge Paramo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jacob T. Barlow
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91108, USA
| | - Rustem F. Ismagilov
- Division of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91108, USA
| | - Elaine Y. Hsiao
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA,Correspondence to: ,
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Neroni B, Evangelisti M, Radocchia G, Di Nardo G, Pantanella F, Villa MP, Schippa S. Relationship between sleep disorders and gut dysbiosis: what affects what? Sleep Med 2021; 87:1-7. [PMID: 34479058 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sleep plays a fundamental role in maintaining good psycho-physical health, it can influence hormone levels, mood, and weight. Recent studies, focused on the interconnection between intestinal microbiome and sleep disorders, have shown the growing importance of a healthy and balanced intestinal microbiome for the hosts health. Normally, gut microbiota and his host are linked by mutualistic relationship, that in some conditions, can be compromised by shifts in microbiota's composition, called dysbiosis. Both sleep problems and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome can lead to metabolic disorders and, in this review, we will explore what is present in literature on the link between sleep pathologies and intestinal dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Neroni
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Radocchia
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Nardo
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pantanella
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Villa
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Sen P, Molinero-Perez A, O'Riordan KJ, McCafferty CP, O'Halloran KD, Cryan JF. Microbiota and sleep: awakening the gut feeling. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:935-945. [PMID: 34364787 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various lifestyle and environmental factors are known to influence sleep. Increasingly, evidence points to a role for the microbiota in regulating brain and behaviour. This article explores how the microbiota-gut-brain axis affects sleep directly and indirectly. We summarize the possible molecular mechanisms underlying sleep-microbiome interactions and discuss how various factors interact with the gut microbiota to influence sleep. Furthermore, we present the current evidence of alterations of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in various sleep disorders and pathologies where comorbid sleep disturbances are common. Since manipulating the gut microbiota could potentially improve sleep, we outline ways in which this can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paromita Sen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Cian P McCafferty
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ken D O'Halloran
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Early-Stage Metabolic Dysfunction Independently of Adipose Tissue Deregulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081233. [PMID: 34439481 PMCID: PMC8388878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies demonstrated a link between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the development of insulin resistance. However, the main event triggering insulin resistance in OSA remains to be clarified. Herein, we investigated the effect of mild and severe chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on whole-body metabolic deregulation and visceral adipose tissue dysfunction. Moreover, we studied the contribution of obesity to CIH-induced dysmetabolic states. Experiments were performed in male Wistar rats submitted to a control and high-fat (HF) diet. Two CIH protocols were tested: A mild CIH paradigm (5/6 hypoxic (5% O2) cycles/h, 10.5 h/day) during 35 days and a severe CIH paradigm (30 hypoxic (5% O2) cycles, 8 h/day) during 15 days. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia, insulin sensitivity, weight, and fat mass were assessed. Adipose tissue hypoxia, inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and metabolism were investigated. Mild and severe CIH increased insulin levels and induced whole-body insulin resistance in control animals, effects not associated with weight gain. In control animals, CIH did not modify adipocytes perimeter as well as adipose tissue hypoxia, angiogenesis, inflammation or oxidative stress. In HF animals, severe CIH attenuated the increase in adipocytes perimeter, adipose tissue hypoxia, angiogenesis, and dysmetabolism. In conclusion, adipose tissue dysfunction is not the main trigger for initial dysmetabolism in CIH. CIH in an early stage might have a protective role against the deleterious effects of HF diet on adipose tissue metabolism.
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Almendros I, Basoglu ÖK, Conde SV, Liguori C, Saaresranta T. Metabolic dysfunction in OSA: Is there something new under the sun? J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13418. [PMID: 34152053 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of patients with obstructive sleep apnea is challenging healthcare systems worldwide. Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxaemia, episodes of apnea and hypopnea, and fragmented sleep. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are common in obstructive sleep apnea, also in lean patients. Further, comorbidity burden is not unambiguously linked to the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. There is a growing body of evidence revealing diverse functions beyond the conventional tasks of different organs such as carotid body and gut microbiota. Chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep loss due to sleep fragmentation are associated with insulin resistance. Indeed, carotid body is a multi-sensor organ not sensoring only hypoxia and hypercapnia but also acting as a metabolic sensor. The emerging evidence shows that obstructive sleep apnea and particularly chronic intermittent hypoxia is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut dysbiosis seems to be an important factor in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea and its consequences. The impact of sleep fragmentation and intermittent hypoxia on the development of metabolic syndrome may be mediated via altered gut microbiota. Circadian misalignment seems to have an impact on the cardiometabolic risk in obstructive sleep apnea. Dysfunction of cerebral metabolism is also related to hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. Therefore, obstructive sleep apnea may alter cerebral metabolism and predispose to neurocognitive impairment. Moreover, recent data show that obstructive sleep apnea independently predicts impaired lipid levels. This mini-review will provide novel insights into the mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea combining recent evidence from basic, translational and clinical research, and discuss the impact of positive airway pressure treatment on metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Özen K Basoglu
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Silvia V Conde
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tarja Saaresranta
- Division of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Sleep Research Centre, Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Clinical Allergology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Chuang HH, Hsu JF, Chuang LP, Chiu CH, Huang YL, Li HY, Chen NH, Huang YS, Chuang CW, Huang CG, Lai HC, Lee LA. Different Associations between Tonsil Microbiome, Chronic Tonsillitis, and Intermittent Hypoxemia among Obstructive Sleep Apnea Children of Different Weight Status: A Pilot Case-Control Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060486. [PMID: 34071547 PMCID: PMC8227284 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tonsil microbiome is associated with chronic tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children, and the gut microbiome is associated with host weight status. In this study, we hypothesized that weight status may be associated with clinical profiles and the tonsil microbiome in children with OSA. We prospectively enrolled 33 non-healthy-weight (cases) and 33 healthy-weight (controls) pediatric OSA patients matched by the proportion of chronic tonsillitis. Differences in the tonsil microbiome between the non-healthy-weight and healthy-weight subgroups and relationships between the tonsil microbiome and clinical variables were investigated. Non-healthy weight was associated with significant intermittent hypoxemia (oxygen desaturation index, mean blood saturation (SpO2), and minimal SpO2) and higher systolic blood pressure percentile, but was not related to the tonsil microbiome. However, chronic tonsillitis was related to Acidobacteria in the non-healthy-weight subgroup, and oxygen desaturation index was associated with Bacteroidetes in the healthy-weight subgroup. In post hoc analysis, the children with mean SpO2 ≤ 97% had reduced α and β diversities and a higher abundance of Bacteroidetes than those with mean SpO2 > 97%. These preliminary findings are novel and provide insights into future research to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and develop personalized treatments for pediatric OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch and Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Obesity Institute, Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Jen-Fu Hsu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Li-Pang Chuang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Li
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (C.-G.H.); (H.-C.L.)
| | - Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (C.-G.H.); (H.-C.L.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chih Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (C.-G.H.); (H.-C.L.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-F.H.); (L.-P.C.); (C.-H.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.-Y.L.); (N.-H.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3328-1200 (ext. 3968)
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Cai Y, Juszczak HM, Cope EK, Goldberg AN. The Microbiome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2021; 44:6168416. [PMID: 33705556 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has highlighted important associations between obstructive sleep apnea and the microbiome. Although the intricacies of the pathophysiologic mechanisms are not well understood, available evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between OSA and microbiota composition. Sleep fragmentation, intermittent hypoxia, and intermittent hypercapnia all play significant roles in altering the microbiome, and initial evidence has shown that alterations of the microbiota affect sleep patterns. Animal model evidence strongly supports the idea that the microbiome mediates disease states associated with OSA including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and obesity. The majority of evidence focuses on changes in the gut microbiome, which may result from OSA as well as contribute to sleep pattern changes, OSA-related CVD, and obesity. Meanwhile, a developing body of work suggests changes in the upper airway microbiome may be associated with OSA and periodontitis-related oral cavity microbiome changes may have significance in OSA-related CVD. Lastly, while evidence is limited, several studies suggest there may be a role for treatment of OSA and OSA-related comorbidities through alteration of the microbiome with probiotics, prebiotics, and microbiota transplantation. These early animal and human studies begin to characterize the interrelationships of the microbiome and OSA and may lead to new avenues for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hailey M Juszczak
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily K Cope
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Andrew N Goldberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Khalyfa A, Ericsson A, Qiao Z, Almendros I, Farré R, Gozal D. Circulating exosomes and gut microbiome induced insulin resistance in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia: Effects of physical activity. EBioMedicine 2021; 64:103208. [PMID: 33485839 PMCID: PMC7910674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiota (GM) contribute to obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), promotes IR and alters GM. Since circulating exosomes are implicated in IR, we examined the effects of IH and physical activity (PA) in mice on GM, colonic epithelium permeability, systemic IR, and plasma exosome cargo, and exosome effects on visceral white adipose tissues (vWAT) IR. Methods C57BL/6 mice were exposed to IH or room air (RA) for 6 weeks with and without PA (n = 12/group), and GM and systemic IR changes were assessed, as well as the effects of plasma exosomes on naïve adipocyte insulin sensitivity. Fecal microbiota transfers (FMT) were performed in naïve mice (n = 5/group), followed by fecal 16S rRNA sequencing, and systemic IR and exosome-induced effects on adipocyte insulin sensitivity were evaluated. Findings Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) ordinates revealed B-diversity among IH and FMT recipients that accounted for 64% principal component 1 (PC1) and 12.5% (PC2) of total variance. Dominant microbiota families and genera in IH-exposed and FMT-treated were preserved, and IH-exposed GM and IH-FMT induced increased gut permeability. Plasma exosomes from IH-exposed and IH-FMT mice decreased pAKT/AKT responses to exogenous insulin in adipocytes vs. IH+PA or RA FMT-treated mice (p = 0.001). Interpretation IH exposures mimicking OSA induce changes in GM, increase gut permeability, and alter plasma exosome cargo, the latter inducing adipocyte dysfunction (increased IR). Furthermore, these alterations improved with PA. Thus, IH leads to perturbations of a singular GM-circulating exosome pathway that disrupts adipocyte homeostasis resulting in metabolic dysfunction, as reflected by IR. Funding This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health grants HL130984 and HL140548 and University of Missouri Tier 2 grant. The study has not received any funding or grants from pharmaceutical or other industrial corporations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, 400N. Keene Street, Suite 010, MO 65201, United States.
| | - Aaron Ericsson
- University of Missouri Metagenomics Center, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, MO 65201, United States
| | - Zhuanghong Qiao
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, 400N. Keene Street, Suite 010, MO 65201, United States
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, 400N. Keene Street, Suite 010, MO 65201, United States.
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