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Tang X, Li H, Wang Y, Zeng L, Long L, Qu Y, Yang H, Zhang X, Li Y, Yu Y, Zhou Q, Luo M. Chronic Fluoride Exposure Induces Ovarian Dysfunction and Potential Association with Premature Ovarian Failure in Female Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3225-3236. [PMID: 37828391 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic fluorosis has been widely investigated for its adverse effects on skeletal and neurological health; however, its impact on reproductive health, especially in females, remains underexplored. In this study, female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to different fluoride concentrations (0.75, 50, and 100 mg/L) in their drinking water for six months. Dental fluorosis and increased urinary fluoride content were observed in fluoride-exposed rats, reflecting fluoride accumulation and exposure levels. Chronic fluorosis resulted in reduced ovary organ coefficient, indicating harmful effects on ovarian tissue. Additionally, the number of ovarian primordial and primary/secondary follicles decreased, while the number of atresia follicles increased. Furthermore, chronic fluorosis led to disrupted estrous cycles. Hormonal analysis revealed altered secretion of estrogen, progesterone, anti-Müllerian hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicular stimulating hormone, and inhibin B in response to fluoride exposure. Ultrastructural observation of ovarian granulosa cells showed evidence of apoptosis, which was further confirmed by flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity was increased, and ATP levels were decreased, suggesting mitochondrial impairment and apoptosis induction. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP15 and GDF9, essential regulators of ovarian function, significantly decreased with increasing fluoride concentration. Furthermore, gene expression analysis identified a panel of premature ovarian failure-related genes that were downregulated in fluoride-exposed rat ovaries. These findings suggest that chronic fluoride exposure may contribute to ovarian dysfunction and possibly the pathogenesis of premature ovarian failure. Understanding the toxicological effects of chronic fluoride exposure on ovarian function is essential for identifying potential environmental risk factors affecting female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ling Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongliang District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajun Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanni Yu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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2
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Guerrero-Arroyo J, Jiménez-Córdova MI, Aztatzi-Aguilar OG, Del Razo LM. Impact of Fluoride Exposure on Rat Placenta: Foetal/Placental Morphometric Alterations and Decreased Placental Vascular Density. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3237-3247. [PMID: 37882978 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic fluoride is a geogenic and anthropogenic contaminant widely distributed in the environment and commonly identified in contaminated groundwater. There is limited information on the effect of fluoride exposure on pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible placental alterations of fluoride exposure in a rat model simulating preconception and pregnancy exposure conditions in endemic areas. Fluoride exposure was administered orally to foetuses of dams exposed to 2.5 and 5 mg fluoride/kg/d. Foetal weight, height, foetal/placental weight ratio, placental zone thickness, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and vascular density in placental tissue were evaluated. The results showed a nonlinear relationship between these outcomes and the dose of fluoride exposure. In addition, a significant increase in the fluoride concentration in placental tissue was observed. The group that was exposed to 2.5 mg fluoride/kg/d had a greater increase in both MDA levels and VEGF-A levels than the higher dose group. A significant increase in the thickness of the placental zones and a decrease in the vascular density of the labyrinth zone area were also observed in the fluoride-exposed groups. In conclusion, the data obtained demonstrate that fluoride exposure results in morpho-structural alterations in the placenta and that non-monotonic changes in MDA, VEGF-A levels and placental foetal weight ratio were at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Guerrero-Arroyo
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360, México City, México
| | - Mónica I Jiménez-Córdova
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360, México City, México
| | - Octavio G Aztatzi-Aguilar
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360, México City, México
| | - Luz M Del Razo
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360, México City, México.
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Fishta A, Thakur R, Sharma KC, Thakur N, Patial B. Effects of Fluoride Toxicity on Female Reproductive System of Mammals: A Meta-Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04203-7. [PMID: 38709367 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Considerable integrative efforts have been made to investigate the effects of fluoride on female reproductive organs since the last years. The ingestion of fluoride causes adverse effects on human health like causing skeletal fluorosis, dental fluorosis, bone fractures, kidney problems, decrease birth rates, weakening of thyroid functionality, and impair intelligence, particularly in children. In this review, we discuss the adverse effects of fluoride on female reproductive organs and presented certain remedies. A total of 53 papers on the effect of fluoride on female reproductive organs, including 6 population surveys were examined. Google Scholar, Google, Research Gate, PubMed, and the International Journal of Fluoride have all been searched for fluoride research papers. Various doses and pathological effects have been described in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Fishta
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Ruhi Thakur
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India.
| | | | - Neha Thakur
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Bhavna Patial
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
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4
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Goin DE, Padula AM, Woodruff TJ, Sherris A, Charbonneau K, Morello-Frosch R. Water Fluoridation and Birth Outcomes in California. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:57004. [PMID: 38752991 PMCID: PMC11098007 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of research on the relationship between water fluoridation and pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVES We assessed whether hypothetical interventions to reduce fluoride levels would improve birth outcomes in California. METHODS We linked California birth records from 2000 to 2018 to annual average fluoride levels by community water system. Fluoride levels were collected from consumer confidence reports using publicly available data and public record requests. We estimated the effects of a hypothetical intervention reducing water fluoride levels to 0.7 ppm (the current level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services) and 0.5 ppm (below the current recommendation) on birth weight, birth-weight-for-gestational age z-scores, gestational age, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, large-for-gestational age, and macrosomia using linear regression with natural cubic splines and G-computation. Inference was calculated using a clustered bootstrap with Wald-type confidence intervals. We evaluated race/ethnicity, health insurance type, fetal sex, and arsenic levels as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS Fluoride levels ranged from 0 to 2.5 ppm , with a median of 0.51 ppm . There was a small negative association on birth weight with the hypothetical intervention to reduce fluoride levels to 0.7 ppm [- 2.2 g ; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 4.4 , 0.0] and to 0.5 ppm (- 5.8 g ; 95% CI: - 10.0 , - 1.6 ). There were small negative associations with birth-weight-for-gestational-age z-scores for both hypothetical interventions (0.7 ppm : - 0.004 ; 95% CI: - 0.007 , 0.000 and 0.5 ppm : - 0.006 ; 95% CI: - 0.013 , 0.000). We also observed small negative associations for risk of large-for-gestational age for both the hypothetical interventions to 0.7 ppm [risk difference ( RD ) = - 0.001 ; 95% CI: - 0.002 , 0.000 and 0.5 ppm (- 0.001 ; 95% CI: - 0.003 , 0.000)]. We did not observe any associations with preterm birth or with being small for gestational age for either hypothetical intervention. We did not observe any associations with risk of preterm birth or small-for-gestational age for either hypothetical intervention. CONCLUSION We estimated that a reduction in water fluoride levels would modestly decrease birth weight and birth-weight-for-gestational-age z-scores in California. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E. Goin
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy M. Padula
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Allison Sherris
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kiley Charbonneau
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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5
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Kumar P, Kumar M, Barnawi AB, Maurya P, Singh S, Shah D, Yadav VK, Kumar A, Kumar R, Yadav KK, Gacem A, Ahmad A, Patel A, Alreshidi MA, Singh V, Yaseen ZM, Cabral-Pinto MMS, Vinayak V, Wanale SG. A review on fluoride contamination in groundwater and human health implications and its remediation: A sustainable approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104356. [PMID: 38158029 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Contamination of drinking water due to fluoride (F-) is a major concern worldwide. Although fluoride is an essential trace element required for humans, it has severe human health implications if levels exceed 1.5 mg. L-1 in groundwater. Several treatment technologies have been adopted to remove fluoride and reduce the exposure risk. The present article highlights the source, geochemistry, spatial distribution, and health implications of high fluoride in groundwater. Also, it discusses the underlying mechanisms and controlling factors of fluoride contamination. The problem of fluoride-contaminated water is more severe in India's arid and semiarid regions than in other Asian countries. Treatment technologies like adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation, electrolysis, electrocoagulation, nanofiltration, coagulation-precipitation, and bioremediation have been summarized along with case studies to look for suitable technology for fluoride exposure reduction. Although present technologies are efficient enough to remove fluoride, they have specific limitations regarding cost, labour intensity, and regeneration requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Abdulwasa Bakr Barnawi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parul Maurya
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Snigdha Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Deepankshi Shah
- Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat 384265, India
| | - Anand Kumar
- School of Management Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar 803116, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462044, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq.
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda 21000, Algeria
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat 384265, India
| | | | - Vipin Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282005, India
| | - Zaher Mundher Yaseen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina M S Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Applied Science, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Shivraj Gangadhar Wanale
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, Maharashtra 431606, India
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6
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Ommati MM, Sabouri S, Sun Z, Zamiri MJ, Retana-Marquez S, Nategh Ahmadi H, Zuo Q, Eftekhari A, Juárez-Rojas L, Asefi Y, Lei L, Cui SG, Jadidi MH, Wang HW, Heidari R. Inactivation of Mst/Nrf2/Keap1 signaling flexibly mitigates MAPK/NQO-HO1 activation in the reproductive axis of experimental fluorosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115947. [PMID: 38215664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Fluoride induced reprotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated reproductive cell death. Hence, the current study evaluated the importance of the MST/Nrf2/MAPK/NQO-HO1 signaling pathway in fluorosis-induced reproductive toxicity. For this purpose, the reproductive toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF) at physiological, biochemical, and intracellular levels was evaluated. In-vivo, NaF at 100 mg/L instigated physiological dysfunction, morphological, stereological, and structural injuries in the gut-gonadal axis of fluorosis mice through weakening the antioxidant signaling, Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1signaling pathway, causing the gut-gonadal barrier disintegrated via oxidative stress-induced inflammation, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and autophagy. Similar trends were also observed in-vitro in the isolated Leydig cells (LCs) challenging with 20 mg/L NaF. Henceforth, activating the cellular antioxidant signaling pathway, Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1, inactivating autophagy and apoptosis, or attenuating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can be the theoretical basis and valuable therapeutic targets for coping with NaF-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Samira Sabouri
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Zilong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | | | - Socorro Retana-Marquez
- Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hassan Nategh Ahmadi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Qiyong Zuo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Nanotechnology and Biochemical Toxicology (NBT) Center, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan
| | - Lizbeth Juárez-Rojas
- Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yaser Asefi
- Department of Genetics, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Lina Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Shu-Gang Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Mohammad Hasan Jadidi
- Comparative Medicine and Animal Resources Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China.
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Elghareeb MM, Elshopakey GE, Rezk S, Ateya A, El-Ashry ES, Shukry M, Ghamry HI, Alotaibi BS, Hashem NMA. Nigella sativa oil restores hormonal levels, and endocrine signals among thyroid, ovarian, and uterine tissues of female Wistar rats following sodium fluoride toxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116080. [PMID: 38147737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the possible prophylactic and therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa L. oil (NSO) against disruption of endocrine signals and injuries in the thyroid gland, ovary, and uterine tissues induced by sodium fluoride (NaF). Twenty-eight mature female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four experimental groups (n = 7/group) as follows: control group; NaF group, orally received NaF (20 mg/kg b.wt.) daily; NSO/NaF, orally received NSO (300 mg/kg b.wt.) two weeks before being given NaF and continued throughout the experiment; and NSO+NaF group orally received NSO concurrently with NaF. Our results indicated that NSO restored hormonal balance and suppressed oxidative damage and inflammation. Moreover, the levels of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase, estrogen (E2), progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were elevated, while prostaglandins F2-α and cortisol levels were decreased in NSO treated groups compared to NaF-intoxicated rats. As well, NSO significantly boosted levels of antioxidant molecules, and lowered lipid peroxidation of examined tissues, unlike NaF-treated group. NSO also up-regulated antioxidant enzymes, anti-apoptotic protein, zona pellucida sperm-binding protein, bone morphogenetic protein, and thyroid stimulating hormone, conversely down-regulated inflammatory cytokines, apoptotic proteins, estrogen receptor-α, estrogen receptor-β, and thyroid stimulating hormone receptors compared to NaF-intoxicated group. Additionally, NSO ameliorated tissue damage of the thyroid gland, ovary, and uterus induced by NaF. -Overall, the prophylactic group (NSO/NaF) performed better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than the treated group almost in all examined tissues, which is reflected by the improvement in the structure of the thyroid, ovarian, and uterine tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Elghareeb
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ateya
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Ashry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
| | - Heba I Ghamry
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nada M A Hashem
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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8
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Dong S, Yang Y, He B, Xu Z, Zhou Z, Wang J, Chen C, Chen Q. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Reproductive Function Through Regulating Reproductive Hormone Level and Circulating SIRT1 in Female Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1825-1836. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s12011-022-03283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2024]
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9
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Zhou J, Sun D, Wei W. Necessity to Pay Attention to the Effects of Low Fluoride on Human Health: an Overview of Skeletal and Non-skeletal Damages in Epidemiologic Investigations and Laboratory Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1627-1638. [PMID: 35661326 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the implementation of water improvement and fluoride reduction plans supported by central and local governments in recent years, areas with high fluoride exposure are being gradually decreased. Therefore, it is of practical importance to study the effect of low fluoride on human health. Epidemiologic investigations and in vivo and in vitro studies based on low fluoride have also confirmed that fluoride not only causes skeletal damage, such as dental fluorosis, but also causes non-skeletal damage involving the cardiovascular system, nervous system, hepatic and renal function, reproductive system, thyroid function, blood glucose homeostasis, and the immune system. This article summarizes the effects of low fluoride on human and animal skeletal and non-skeletal systems. A preliminary exploration of corresponding mechanisms that will help to fully understand the harm of low fluoride on human health was undertaken to provide the basis for establishing new water fluoride standards and help to implement individual guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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10
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Dong S, Yang Y, He B, Xu Z, Zhou Z, Wang J, Chen C, Chen Q. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Reproductive Function Through Regulating Reproductive Hormone Level and Circulating SIRT1 in Female Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1825-1836. [PMID: 35538195 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Fluorosis causes female reproductive dysfunction with reduced fertility without established pathogenesis. To clarify the mechanism, Sprague-Dawley female rats were selected with drinking water containing 0, 50 (low), 100 (moderate), and 150 mg/L (high) sodium fluoride (NaF) for a short (2 months), medium (4 months), and long term (6 months). The water consumption and body weight of female rats were recorded daily. The effect of NaF on the estrous cycle was examined by vaginal smears and recorded in different term treatments. Female and male rats were mated in a 2:1 ratio for 1 week at 2-, 4-, and 6-month treatment time for mating performance and fertility rate. Selected female rats were executed for tissue and blood collection at different treatment terms. Twenty-four-hour urine sample from each female rat was collected using the metabolic cage. The levels of steroid hormones and silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) in serum were measured by appropriate ELISA kits. Body weight of the high NaF group was significantly less during short-term treatment than that of other treatment groups or control group. Urinary fluoride concentration was increased linearly with treatment time. Treatment of NaF significantly decreased steroid hormone level while increased SIRT1 level in the serum. In addition, NaF treatment significantly decreased pregnancy rate. It is concluded that NaF inhibits the secretion of hormone and estradiol (E2) release from the ovary, thereby reducing the rate of pregnant. SIRT1 may be involved in this NaF-induced reproductive dysfunction in female rats through regulating reproductive hormone, FSH, and LH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dong
- Guipei Class s0141, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Biqi He
- Class 0128#, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Xu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Endocrinology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Qun Chen
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76, Yanta Western Road, Shaanxi, 710061, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Li W, Sun Z, Li M, Yue B, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Wang J. Exposure to Fluoride From in Utero to Puberty Alters Gonadal Structure and Steroid Hormone Expression in Offspring Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1261-1273. [PMID: 35445938 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive toxicity of fluoride has been proven by a large number of studies. While the underlying mechanism of reproductive toxicity during pregnancy is still unclear. Hence, in this study, we investigated the effects of fluoride exposure on ovarian and testicular steroid hormone synthesis in young and adult rat offspring. We established a model of fluoride-exposed rat pups from in utero to puberty to explore the mechanisms of fluoride impacts on reproductive toxicity in the offspring. The results showed that NaF exposure did not affect the 3 weeks of age offspring. Whereas the body weight in both sexes significantly decreased, and the ovarian and testicular tissue structures were damaged at 11 weeks of age. In females, the total number of secondary follicles and mature follicles were significantly reduced after NaF exposure. Moreover, estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the females were significantly reduced in the 100 mg/L NaF exposure group. In males, the sperm viability and testosterone (T) were significantly decreased in the NaF exposure groups. Additionally, during steroidogenesis in ovaries and testes, fluoride remarkably decreased the expression levels of genes and proteins, including acute regulatory protein (StAR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), cytochrome P450 17a-hydroxylase (CYP17A1), and cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), while the mRNA levels of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) decreased only in the testes. These results indicated that fluoride exposure disrupted the steroid hormone balance by changing several important steroidogenic-related genes associated with the development of the gonads, and damage the normal structure of the gonads in rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Zilong Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Meiyan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Baijuan Yue
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuhua Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yangfei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China.
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Harper E, Cunningham E, Connolly L. Using in vitro bioassays to guide the development of safer bio-based polymers for use in food packaging. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:936014. [PMID: 36204697 PMCID: PMC9531239 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.936014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum-based polymers traditionally used for plastic packaging production have been shown to leach dangerous chemicals such as bisphenol-A (BPA). Bio-based polymers are potentially safer alternatives, and many can be sustainably sourced from waste streams in the food industry. This study assesses bio-based polymers undergoing food packaging development for migration of endocrine disrupting leachates at the level of estrogen, androgen and progestagen nuclear receptor transcriptional activity. Reporter gene assays were coupled with migration testing, performed using standardised test conditions for storage and temperature. Test samples include nine bio-based polymers and four inorganic waste additives mixed with a traditional petroleum-based polymer, polypropylene. Thermoplastic starch material, polybutylene succinate, polycaprolactone, polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), two polylactic acid (PLA)/PBAT blends, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and eggshell/polypropylene (10:90) presented no significant reduction in metabolic activity or hormonal activity under any test condition. Polypropylene (PP) presented no hormonal activity. Metabolic activity was reduced in the estrogen responsive cell line after 10 days migration testing of eggshell/polypropylene (0.1:99.9) in MeOH at 40°C, and PP in MeOH and dH20. Estrogenic agonist activity was observed after 10 days in poultry litter ash/polypropylene (10:90) in MeOH at 20°C and 40°C, poultry feather based polymer in MeOH and dH2O at 40°C, and eggshell/polypropylene (40:60) and PLA in dH2O at 40°C. Activity was within a range of 0.26-0.50 ng 17β-estradiol equivalents per ml, equating to an estrogenic potency of 3-∼2800 times less than the estrogenic leachate BPA. Poultry litter ash/polypropylene (10:90) in MeOH for 10 days presented estrogenic activity at 20°C and 40°C within the above range and anti-androgenic activity at 40°C. Progestagenic activity was not observed for any of the compounds under any test condition. Interestingly, lower concentrations of eggshell or PP may eliminate eggshell estrogenicity and PP toxicity. Alternatively eggshell may bind and eliminate the toxic elements of PP. Similarly, PLA estrogenic activity was removed in both PLA/PBAT blends. This study demonstrates the benefits of bioassay guidance in the development of safer and sustainable packaging alternatives to petroleum-based plastics. Manipulating the types of additives and their formulations alongside toxicological testing may further improve safety aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Harper
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Eoin Cunningham
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Connolly
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Goodman C, Hall M, Green R, Hornung R, Martinez-Mier EA, Lanphear B, Till C. Maternal fluoride exposure, fertility and birth outcomes: The MIREC cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2022; 7:100135. [PMID: 36644332 PMCID: PMC9837859 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluoride exposure >1.5 mg/L from water has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Little is known, however, about the effect of fluoride at levels consistent with water fluoridation (i.e., 0.7 mg/L) on pregnancy and birth outcomes. We examined the relationship between maternal fluoride exposure, fertility, and birth outcomes in a Canadian pregnancy cohort living in areas where municipal drinking water fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 0.87 mg/L. METHODS Using data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study, we estimated fluoride exposure during pregnancy using three different metrics: (1) maternal urinary fluoride concentrations standardized for specific gravity (MUFSG) and averaged across all three trimesters (N = 1566), (2) water fluoride concentration (N = 1370), and (3) fluoride intake based on self-reported consumption of water, coffee, and tea, adjusted for body weight (N = 1192). Data on fertility, birth weight, gestational age, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age (SGA) were assessed. We used multiple linear regression to examine associations between fluoride exposure, birth weight and gestational age, and logistic regression to examine associations with fertility, preterm birth, and SGA, adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS Median (IQR) MUFSG was 0.50 (0.33-0.76) mg/L, median water fluoride was 0.52 (0.17-0.64) mg/L, and median fluoride intake was 0.008 (0.003-0.013) mg/kg/day. MUFSG, water fluoride concentrations, and fluoride intake were not significantly associated with fertility, birth weight, gestational age, preterm birth, or SGA. Fetal sex did not modify any of the associations. CONCLUSION Fluoride exposure during pregnancy was not associated with fertility or birth outcomes in this Canadian cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Goodman
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Meaghan Hall
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Rivka Green
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Richard Hornung
- Pediatrics and Environmental Health, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christine Till
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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Liu S, Zhao J, Tian WS, Wang JC, Wang HW, Zhou BH. Estrogen deficiency aggravates fluorine ion-induced renal fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in rats. Toxicol Lett 2022; 362:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Essentiality of Trace Elements in Pregnancy, Fertility, and Gynecologic Cancers-A State-of-the-Art Review. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010185. [PMID: 35011060 PMCID: PMC8746721 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological neoplasms pose a serious threat to women's health. It is estimated that in 2020, there were nearly 1.3 million new cases worldwide, from which almost 50% ended in death. The most commonly diagnosed are cervical and endometrial cancers; when it comes to infertility, it affects ~48.5 million couples worldwide and the number is continually rising. Ageing of the population, environmental factors such as dietary habits, environmental pollutants and increasing prevalence of risk factors may affect the reproductive potential in women. Therefore, in order to identify potential risk factors for these issues, attention has been drawn to trace elements. Trace mineral imbalances can be caused by a variety of causes, starting with hereditary diseases, finishing with an incorrect diet or exposure to polluted air or water. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding trace elements imbalances in the case of gynecologic cancers as well as female fertility and during pregnancy.
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Grzegorzewska AK, Grot E, Sechman A. Sodium Fluoride In Vitro Treatment Affects the Expression of Gonadotropin and Steroid Hormone Receptors in Chicken Embryonic Gonads. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040943. [PMID: 33810503 PMCID: PMC8066272 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Effects of in vitro sodium fluoride (NaF) treatment on the mRNA expression of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2), progesterone receptor (PGR), and the immunolocalization of PGRs were examined in gonads of 14-day-old chicken embryos. In the ovary, the NaF treatment significantly increased mRNA levels of all investigated receptors. In the testes, the lowest applied dose of NaF (1.7 mM) significantly decreased the expression of FSHR, ESR1, ESR2, and PGR. Alternatively, the higher NaF dose (7.1 mM) elevated PGR mRNA level in the male gonad. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the NaF exposure increased PGR expression in the ovarian cortex, while it decreased its expression in the testes. Collectively, these data indicate that: (i) NaF may disturb the chicken embryonic development, and (ii) different mechanisms of this toxicant action exist within the female and male gonads. Abstract Sodium fluoride (NaF), in addition to preventing dental decay may negatively affect the body. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a 6 h in vitro treatment of gonads isolated from 14-day-old chicken embryos with NaF at doses of 1.7 (D1), 3.5 (D2), 7.1 (D3), and 14.2 mM (D4). The mRNA expression of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2), progesterone receptor (PGR), and the immunolocalization of progesterone receptors were examined in the tissue. In the ovary, the expression of FSHR and LHR increased following the NaF treatment. In the case of FSHR the highest stimulatory effect was noticed in the D2 group, while the expression of LHR increased in a dose-dependent manner. A gradual increase in ESR1 and PGR mRNA levels was also observed in the ovary following the NaF treatment, but only up to the D3 dose of NaF. The highest ESR2 level was also found in the D3 group. In the testes, the lowest dose of NaF significantly decreased the expression of FSHR, ESR1, ESR2, and PGR. On the other hand, an increase in PGR expression was observed in the D3 group. The expression of LHR in the testes was not affected by the NaF treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that NaF exposure increased progesterone receptor expression in the ovarian cortex, while it decreased its expression in the testes. These results reveal that NaF may disturb the chicken embryonic development and different mechanisms of this toxicant action exist within the females and males.
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Miyata Y, Mukae Y, Harada J, Matsuda T, Mitsunari K, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Sakai H. Pathological and Pharmacological Roles of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Malignant Neoplasms: Therapies Involving Chemical Compounds, Natural Products, and Photosensitizers. Molecules 2020; 25:E5252. [PMID: 33187225 PMCID: PMC7697499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cellular processes. Consequently, oxidative stress also affects etiology, progression, and response to therapeutics in various pathological conditions including malignant tumors. Oxidative stress and associated outcomes are often brought about by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulation of ROS occurs due to dysregulation of homeostasis in an otherwise strictly controlled physiological condition. In fact, intracellular ROS levels are closely associated with the pathological status and outcome of numerous diseases. Notably, mitochondria are recognized as the critical regulator and primary source of ROS. Damage to mitochondria increases mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, which leads to an increased level of total intracellular ROS. However, intracellular ROS level may not always reflect mROS levels, as ROS is not only produced by mitochondria but also by other organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes. Thus, an evaluation of mROS would help us to recognize the biological and pathological characteristics and predictive markers of malignant tumors and develop efficient treatment strategies. In this review, we describe the pathological significance of mROS in malignant neoplasms. In particular, we show the association of mROS-related signaling in the molecular mechanisms of chemically synthesized and natural chemotherapeutic agents and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (Y.M.); (J.H.); (T.M.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (H.S.)
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Mrvelj A, Womble MD. Fluoride-Free Diet Stimulates Pineal Growth in Aged Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:175-183. [PMID: 31713773 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The pineal gland is a naturally calcifying endocrine organ which secretes the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin. Age-related changes of the pineal have been observed, including decreased pinealocyte numbers, increased calcification, and a reduction in melatonin production. Since fluoride is attracted to calcium within the pineal gland, this study sought to examine the effects of a fluoride-free diet on the morphology of the pineal gland of aged male rats (26 months old). All animals had previously been raised on standard fluoridated food and drinking water. These control animals were compared to other animals that were placed on a fluoride-free diet ("fluoride flush") for 4 or 8 weeks. At 4 weeks, pineal glands from fluoride-free animals showed a 96% increase in supporting cell numbers and at 8 weeks a 73% increase in the number of pinealocytes compared to control animals. In contrast, the number of pinealocytes and supporting cells in animals given an initial 4-week fluoride flush followed by a return to fluoridated drinking water (1.2 ppm NaF) for 4 weeks were not different from control animals. Our findings therefore demonstrate that a fluoride-free diet encouraged pinealocyte proliferation and pineal gland growth in aged animals and fluoride treatment inhibited gland growth. These findings suggest that dietary fluoride may be detrimental to the pineal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mrvelj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 1 University Plaza, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Mark D Womble
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 1 University Plaza, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA.
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Liu W, Pu L, Deng B, Xu H, Wang Z, Wang T, Duan R, Wang X, Chen Z. Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia causes deleterious effects on the reproductive system in female rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110511. [PMID: 32679462 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Numerous studies have revealed that hypobaric hypoxia exposure elicited imbalance of homeostasis. However, the effects of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) exposure on the female reproductive system have been rarely reported. This study aims to assess the effects of IHH on rat female reproductive system and explore the corresponding mechanism at the histological, endocrine and molecular levels. METHODS The female rats were randomly divided into control and IHH groups. Multiple pathophysiological parameters, including body weight gain, organ coefficients, estrus cycle, and health signs were measured. Also, the reproductive hormones, hormone receptor mRNA expression and oxidant/antioxidant level were evaluated. RESULTS Significant increases of the heart, liver and lung coefficients were observed after IHH exposure. There were no statistically significant differences in ovarian and uterine coefficients, but changes were found in the morphology of the ovary and uterus. Additionally, the diestrus phase duration was significantly increased during IHH exposure. Furthermore, estrogen increased and the Luteinizing hormone and progesterone decreased after IHH exposure. Altered expression of ER, PR and LHR were also found in the IHH exposed rats. Importantly, IHH exposure significantly repressed the activities of GSH-Px and T-SOD and improved the contents of MDA. CONCLUSIONS Our results evince that IHH exposure caused estrus cycle irregularity. IHH induced oxidative stress along with ovarian and uterine structure damages, reproductive hormone disturbances and unusual expression of hormone receptors, thus suggesting a potential mechanism underlying IHH-induced reproductive system dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Lingling Pu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Bingnan Deng
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Hongbao Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zirou Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Tianhui Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Ruifeng Duan
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Zhaoli Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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Miao LP, Li LL, Zhu MK, Dong XY, Elwan HAM, Zou XT. Excess dietary fluoride affects laying performance, egg quality, tissue retention, serum biochemical indices, and reproductive hormones of laying hens. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6873-6879. [PMID: 31420674 PMCID: PMC8914007 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of excess dietary fluoride (F) on laying performance, egg quality, tissue retention, serum biochemical indices, and serum reproductive hormones of laying hens. A total of 384 Hy-Line Gray hens, 37 wk old, were treated with sodium fluoride added to a corn-soybean meal basal diet at 0, 400, 800, and 1200 mg fluorine/kg feed. The results showed that dietary F levels at 800 and 1200 mg/kg markedly decreased ADFI, laying rate, average egg weight, and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). Dietary F levels at 800 and 1200 mg/kg dramatically decreased the egg quality of albumen height, yolk color, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness, and on the 49th D, 400 mg/kg F group significantly decreased the eggshell strength, compared to those of control group. Fluoride residues in tissues of hens were increased significantly with the increase of dietary F supplemental levels (P < 0.05). Fluoride concentrations were generally high in feces, eggshell, tibia, kidney, and ovary, and the highest in feces, following with eggshell and tibia, lower in kidney and ovary, and the lowest in serum. Serum uric acid levels and alanine aminotransferase activity increased significantly (P < 0.05), and glucose, triglycerides, and phosphorus decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in response to dietary F concentration, compared to those of the control group, respectively. Dietary F supplementation at 1200 mg/kg significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the estrogen concentrations in serum, compared to those of the control group. Concentrations of progesterone in the fluoride-treated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased relative to those of the control group. In conclusion, these results indicated that the excessive ingestion of F has had a detrimental effect on egg laying rate and quality of eggs by damaging the function of the liver, kidney, and ovary of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Miao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - L L Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - M K Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - X Y Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - H A M Elwan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.,Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, 61519 El-Minya, Egypt
| | - X T Zou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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Liu L, Wang M, Li Y, Liu H, Hou C, Zeng Q, Li P, Zhao Q, Dong L, Yu X, Liu L, Zhang S, Wang A. Low-to-moderate fluoride exposure in relation to overweight and obesity among school-age children in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109558. [PMID: 31509932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High fluoride exposure has been related to harmful health effects, but the impacts of low-to-moderate fluoride on child growth and obesity-related outcomes remain unclear. We performed a large-scale cross-sectional study to examine the association between low-to-moderate fluoride in drinking water and anthropometric measures among Chinese school-age children. We recruited 2430 resident children 7-13 years of age, randomly from low-to-moderate fluorosis areas of Baodi District in Tianjin, China. We analyzed the fluoride contents in drinking water and urine samples using the national standardized ion selective electrode method. Multivariable linear and logistic analyses were used to assess the relationships between fluoride exposure and age- and sex-standardized height, weight and body mass index (BMI) z-scores, and childhood overweight/obesity (BMI z-score > 1). In adjusted models, each log unit (roughly 10-fold) increase in urinary fluoride concentration was associated with a 0.136 unit increase in weight z-score (95% CI: 0.039, 0.233), a 0.186 unit increase in BMI z-score (95% CI: 0.058, 0.314), and a 1.304-fold increased odds of overweight/obesity (95% CI: 1.062, 1.602). These associations were stronger in girls than in boys (Pinteraction = 0.016), and children of fathers with lower education levels were more vulnerable to fluoride (Pinteraction = 0.056). Each log unit (roughly 10-fold) increase in water fluoride concentration was associated with a 0.129 unit increase in height z-score (95% CI: 0.005, 0.254), but not with other anthropometric measures. Our results suggest low-to-moderate fluoride exposure is associated with overweight and obesity in children. Gender and paternal education level may modify the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mengwei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Tianjin Baodi District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Changchun Hou
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lixin Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xingchen Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Impact of Cold Exposure on the Reproductive Function in Female Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3674906. [PMID: 30596088 PMCID: PMC6282150 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3674906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Female reproductive system diseases caused by exposure to a cold environment are widely considered as important human health challenges. Although the projection of female reproduction in cold temperature has been studied, a holistic view on the probable effects of cold exposure on the functions of the female reproductive system has not been achieved. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of cold exposure to the functions of the ovary and uterus in female rats. For this purpose, female rats were randomly grouped as follows: (1) the cold group was exposed to -10°C, 4 h per day for 2 weeks, and (2) the normal temperature (23 ± 1°C) group was used as control. Alterations were observed in different parameters, including body weight gain, organ coefficients, estrus cycle, and pathology of the cold-exposed female rats. Similarly, the serum reproductive hormones and mRNA expression were evaluated. Cold exposure induced estrus cycle irregularity and some alterations in the morphology of the ovary. Cold exposure impairs the function of the ovary probably by changing the level of serum LH and increasing LHR expression. Cold exposure induced a significant reduction of uterine epithelium height. Cold exposure causes alterations in the morphology of the uterus probably because of the effect of progesterone, the increase in the PR level, and the decrease in the ER level.
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Zhao WP, Wang HW, Liu J, Tan PP, Lin L, Zhou BH. JNK/STAT signalling pathway is involved in fluoride-induced follicular developmental dysplasia in female mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:88-95. [PMID: 29913403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fluoride (F) intake decreases the development of potential oocytes by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in female mice in our previous study. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of F-induced follicular developmental dysplasia. Pathomorphological changes in the ovary tissues were observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. DNA damage and proliferation in granulosa cells were analysed by TUNEL staining and BrdU measurement. The protein expression of cell proliferation related regulatory factors including JNK, STAT3, STAT5, CDK2, CDK4, PCNA and Ki67 in the ovary tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Results indicated that the structure of granulosa cells in the ovary was seriously damaged by excessive F, evident by the swollen endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria with vacuoles and nucleus shrinkage. F treatment also considerably enhanced the apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells. The number of granulosa cells around the oocyte decreased after F treatment. The expression levels of STAT3, CDK2, CDK4 and Ki67 in the ovary tissues were up-regulated, and STAT5 and PCNA did not change significantly after F treatment, whereas JNK expression was down-regulated with increasing F dose. In summary, changes in the expression levels of JNK, STAT3, STAT5, CDK2, CDK4, PCNA and Ki67 in the JNK/STAT signalling pathway are involved in F-induced follicular dysplasia in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Peng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China
| | - Bian-Hua Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, PR China.
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Zhou YJ, Wang XD, Xiao S, Yu DE, Wang LQ, Wang JH, Zhu HQ. Exposure to beta-cypermethrin impairs the reproductive function of female mice. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 95:385-394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhou BH, Tan PP, Jia LS, Zhao WP, Wang JC, Wang HW. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway involvement in fluoride-induced apoptosis in C2C12 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:297-302. [PMID: 29448197 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanisms of fluoride-induced apoptosis, a fluoride-induced C2C12 skeletal muscle cell (C2C12 cell) model was established in this study, and the viability of the C2C12 cells was measured using an MTT assay. Cell morphological changes were observed via haematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis was monitored through Hoechst staining. The mRNA and protein expression of PI3K, PDK1, AKT1, BAD, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-9 were detected through real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. The results showed that the survival rates of C2C12 cells decreased gradually with an increasing fluoride doses. The C2C12 cell structure was seriously damaged by fluoride, presenting with pyknosis, mitochondrial ridge disruption and swollen endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, the expression of mRNA in PI3K, BAD, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-9 were significantly increased in the fluoride group (P < 0.01), while the expression of PDK1 was markedly decreased (P < 0.01). The expression of protein in BAD, Bcl-2 and Bax were significantly increased in the fluoride group (P < 0.01), while the expression of PDK1 and P-AKT1 was markedly decreased (P < 0.01). In conclusion, fluoride-induced apoptosis in C2C12 cells is related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-Hua Zhou
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China.
| | - Pan-Pan Tan
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China
| | - Liu-Shu Jia
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China
| | - Wen-Peng Zhao
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China
| | - Ji-Cang Wang
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines, Environment and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, PR China.
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Mohammed AT, Ali HA. Impact of subchronic exposure to triclosan and/or fluoride on estrogenic activity in immature female rats: The expression pattern of calbindin-D9k and estrogen receptor α genes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44511 Egypt
| | - Amany T. Mohammed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44511 Egypt
| | - Haytham A. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44511 Egypt
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Duan Q, Jiao J, Chen X, Wang X. Association between water fluoride and the level of children's intelligence: a dose-response meta-analysis. Public Health 2017; 154:87-97. [PMID: 29220711 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Higher fluoride concentrations in water have inconsistently been associated with the levels of intelligence in children. The following study summarizes the available evidence regarding the strength of association between fluoridated water and children's intelligence. STUDY DESIGN Meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically analyzed from November 2016. Observational studies that have reported on intelligence levels in relation to high and low water fluoride contents, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included. Further, the results were pooled using inverse variance methods. The correlation between water fluoride concentration and intelligence level was assessed by a dose-response meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-six studies reporting data on 7258 children were included. The summary results indicated that high water fluoride exposure was associated with lower intelligence levels (standardized mean difference : -0.52; 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.42; P < 0.001). The findings from subgroup analyses were consistent with those from overall analysis. The dose-response meta-analysis suggested a significant association between water fluoride dosage and intelligence (P < 0.001), while increased water fluoride exposure was associated with reduced intelligence levels. CONCLUSIONS Greater exposure to high levels of fluoride in water was significantly associated with reduced levels of intelligence in children. Therefore, water quality and exposure to fluoride in water should be controlled in areas with high fluoride levels in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Duan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - J Jiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Effect of beta-cypermethrin exposure on embryo implantation in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 76:1-11. [PMID: 29253587 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of β-CP on embryo implantation in mice. Forty female mice were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 mice each: one control group and three β-CP treated groups. The control group was administered corn oil only, while the three β-CP-treated groups were given corn oil containing 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg bw d β-CP for 3 months through intragastric administration. The results indicated that the administration of β-CP decreased the rate of embryo implantation (all p < 0.05), E2 level in the serum, and the expression of Homeobox A10 (HoxA10) protein. In addition, β-CP significantly increased ERa and PRA protein expression levels. These results suggest that β-CP can disrupt the balance of E2 and P, influence ERa and PRA expression and their downstream-related molecule Hoxa10, and decrease embryo implantation.
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Carter CJ, Blizard RA. Autism genes are selectively targeted by environmental pollutants including pesticides, heavy metals, bisphenol A, phthalates and many others in food, cosmetics or household products. Neurochem Int 2016; 101:S0197-0186(16)30197-8. [PMID: 27984170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of autism suggests a major environmental influence. Epidemiology has implicated many candidates and genetics many susceptibility genes. Gene/environment interactions in autism were analysed using 206 autism susceptibility genes (ASG's) from the Autworks database to interrogate ∼1 million chemical/gene interactions in the comparative toxicogenomics database. Any bias towards ASG's was statistically determined for each chemical. Many suspect compounds identified in epidemiology, including tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, pesticides, particulate matter, benzo(a)pyrene, heavy metals, valproate, acetaminophen, SSRI's, cocaine, bisphenol A, phthalates, polyhalogenated biphenyls, flame retardants, diesel constituents, terbutaline and oxytocin, inter alia showed a significant degree of bias towards ASG's, as did relevant endogenous agents (retinoids, sex steroids, thyroxine, melatonin, folate, dopamine, serotonin). Numerous other suspected endocrine disruptors (over 100) selectively targeted ASG's including paraquat, atrazine and other pesticides not yet studied in autism and many compounds used in food, cosmetics or household products, including tretinoin, soy phytoestrogens, aspartame, titanium dioxide and sodium fluoride. Autism polymorphisms influence the sensitivity to some of these chemicals and these same genes play an important role in barrier function and control of respiratory cilia sweeping particulate matter from the airways. Pesticides, heavy metals and pollutants also disrupt barrier and/or ciliary function, which is regulated by sex steroids and by bitter/sweet taste receptors. Further epidemiological studies and neurodevelopmental and behavioural research is warranted to determine the relevance of large number of suspect candidates whose addition to the environment, household, food and cosmetics might be fuelling the autism epidemic in a gene-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Carter
- PolygenicPathways, Flat 2, 40 Baldslow Road, Hastings, East Sussex, TN34 2EY, UK.
| | - R A Blizard
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College, London, UK
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Abolaji AO, Adesanoye OA, Awogbindin I, Farombi EO. Endocrine disruption and oxidative stress implications of artemether-lumefantrine combination therapy in the ovary and uterus of rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 35:1173-1182. [PMID: 26811345 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115626580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we evaluated the endocrine disruption effect and oxidative stress implication of therapeutic dose of artemether-lumefantrine combination therapy on the ovary and uterus of rats. In this respect, female rats were divided into four groups: animals were per orally treated with tween 80 (control), artemether (4 mg kg-1 body weight), lumefantrine (24 mg kg-1 body weight) and artemether-lumefantrine (artemether, 4 mg kg-1 body weight and lumefantrine, 24 mg kg-1 body weight). We found that therapeutic doses of the drugs did not change the levels of ovarian hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but increased uterine levels of H2O2 and MDA and reduced ovarian and uterine levels of reduced glutathione. In addition, whilst ovarian glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity reduced in the lumefantrine monotherapy group, uterine GPx increased in the artemether monotherapy as well as the artemether-lumefantrine groups. Furthermore, the drugs reduced ovarian and uterine glutathione- S-transferase and uterine superoxide dismutase activities. The drugs reduced oestrogen level, whereas follicle-stimulating hormone was reduced by lumefantrine and artemether-lumefantrine therapies. Additionally, artemether and lumefantrine monotherapies significantly increased prolactin and progesterone levels compared with the control ( p < 0.05). The results suggest that in the absence of malarial parasite infection, the drugs induced oxidative stress in the ovary and uterus and disrupt hormonal balance in the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Abolaji
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - O A Adesanoye
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - I Awogbindin
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - E O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Li M, Cao J, Chen J, Song J, Zhou B, Feng C, Wang J. Waterborne fluoride exposure changed the structure and the expressions of steroidogenic-related genes in gonads of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 145:365-375. [PMID: 26692514 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fluoride in natural water ecosystem has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on reproductive system in humans and mammals, while the most vulnerable aquatic organisms were ignored. In this study, the effects of waterborne fluoride on growth performance, sex steroid hormone, histological structure, and the transcriptional profiles of sex steroid related genes were examined in both female and male zebrafish exposed to different concentrations of 0.79, 18.60, 36.83 mg L(-1) of fluoride for 30 and 60 d to investigate the effects of fluoride on reproductive system and the underlying toxic mechanisms caused by fluoride. The results showed that the body weight was remarkably decreased, the structure of ovary and testis were serious injured, and the T and E2 levels were significantly reduced in male zebrafish. The transcriptional profiles of steroidogenic related genes displayed phenomenal alterations, the expressions of pgr and cyp19a1a were significantly up-regulated, while the transcriptional levels of er, ar and hsd3β were decreased both in the ovary and testis, and hsd17β8 were down-regulated just in males. Taken together, these results demonstrated that fluoride could significantly inhibit the growth of zebrafish, and notably affect the reproductive system in both sex zebrafish by impairing the structure of ovary and testis, altering steroid hormone levels and steroidogenic genes expression related to the synthesis of sex hormones in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeiYan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Bingrui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Husbandry and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
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Zhou BH, Zhao J, Liu J, Zhang JL, Li J, Wang HW. Fluoride-induced oxidative stress is involved in the morphological damage and dysfunction of liver in female mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 139:504-11. [PMID: 26295688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F), one of the most toxic environmental and industrial pollutants, is known to exert hepatotoxicity. The contribution of oxidative stress to the F tolerance of liver remains largely unknown. In this study, the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of liver were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Oxidative-stress participations was analysed and the mRNA expression levels of catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GSH-Px1), nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) were investigated by real-time PCR. Changes in liver-function parameters were also detected. Results showed that the reactive content of reactive oxygen species increased significantly, whereas SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as total anti-oxidising capability (T-AOC), decreased significantly, with increased nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver and serum after 70days of F treatment. The mRNA expression levels of Cat, GSH-Px1, and SOD were significantly downregulated, whereas NOS2 mRNA expression level was up upregulated, after F treatment for 70days. Light microscopy also revealed that hepatocytes were fused into pieces; cell boundaries were unclear, and nuclei were lightly stained. TEM further showed that hepatocytes were characterised by vague nuclear and mitochondrial membranes, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and aggravated vacuolar degeneration. Activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as the level of total bilirubin in serum increased. Overall, these results indicated that F interfered with the balance of antioxidase activity and morphological changes in liver, which were involved in mouse liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-hua Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Jeffrey Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ji-liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Hong-wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China.
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Abolaji AO, Eteng MU, Ebong PE, Dar A, Farombi EO, Choudhary MI. Artemisia annuaas a possible contraceptive agent: a clue from mammalian rat model. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:2342-6. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.936016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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