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Hu Y, Zhang Y, Cui X, Wang D, Hu Y, Wang C. Structure-function relationship and biological activity of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131701. [PMID: 38643920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry (Latin name "Morus alba L.") is a perennial deciduous tree in the family of Moraceae, widely distributed around the world. In China, mulberry is mainly distributed in the south and the Yangtze River basin. Its leaves can be harvested 3-6 times a year, which has a great resource advantage. Mulberry leaves are regarded as the homology of medicine and food traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Polysaccharides, as its main active ingredients, have various effects, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory. This review summarizes the research progress in the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and structure-function relationship of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves in the last decade, hoping to provide a reference for the subsequent development and market application of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexian Hu
- College of Biology, Food & Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Biology, Food & Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xiaoao Cui
- College of Biology, Food & Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- College of Biology, Food & Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yong Hu
- Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Chuyan Wang
- College of Biology, Food & Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Berry Processing and Resource Comprehensive Utilization, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
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Maria VL, Santos J, Prodana M, Cardoso DN, Morgado RG, Amorim MJB, Barreto A. Toxicity mechanisms of plastic nanoparticles in three terrestrial species: antioxidant system imbalance and neurotoxicity. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:299-313. [PMID: 38807536 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2358781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The detrimental impacts of plastic nanoparticles (PNPs) are a worldwide concern, although knowledge is still limited, in particular for soil mesofauna. This study investigates the biochemical impact of 44 nm polystyrene PNPs on three soil models-Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta), Folsomia candida (Collembola) and Porcellionides pruinosus (Isopoda). Exposure durations of 3, 7 and 14 days (d) were implemented at two concentrations (1.5 and 300 mg kg-1 PNPs). Results revealed PNPs impact on the activities of the glutathione-dependent antioxidative enzyme, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and on the neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) for all three species. Catalase (CAT) played a minor role, primarily evident in F. candida at 300 mg kg-1 PNPs (CAT and GST response after 14 d), with no lipid peroxidation (LPO) increase. Even with the antioxidant defence, P. pruinosus was the most sensitive species for lipid oxidative damage (LPO levels increased after 7 d exposure to 300 mg kg-1 PNPs). Significant AChE inhibitions were measured already after 3 d to both PNP concentrations in F. candida and E. crypticus, respectively. Significant AChE inhibitions were also found in P. pruinosus but later (7 d). Overall, the toxicity mechanisms of PNPs involved antioxidant imbalance, being (mostly) the glutathione-associated metabolism part of that defence system. Neurotoxicity, linked to AChE activities, was evident across all species. Sensitivity to PNPs varied: P. pruinosus > F. candida ≅ E. crypticus. This pioneering study on PNPs toxicity in soil invertebrates underscores its environmental relevance, shedding light on altered biochemical responses, that may compromise ecological roles and soil ecosystem fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera L Maria
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Santos
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marija Prodana
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui G Morgado
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Angela Barreto
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Yılmaz G, Özdemir F. Novel Anti-tumor Strategy for Breast Cancer: Synergistic Role of Oleuropein with Paclitaxel Therapeutic in MCF-7 Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:224-234. [PMID: 38629155 PMCID: PMC10909830 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206284107231120063630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The side effects of conventional therapeutics pose a problem for cancer treatment. Recently, combination treatments with natural compounds have attracted attention regarding limiting the side effects of treatment. Oleuropein is a natural polyphenol in olives that has antioxidant and anticancer effects. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the oxidative stress effect of a combination of Paclitaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent, and Oleuropein in the MCF-7 cell line. METHODS The xCELLigence RTCA method was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of Oleuropein and Paclitaxel in the MCF-7 cell line. The Total Oxidant and Total Antioxidant Status were analyzed using a kit. The Oxidative Stress Index was calculated by measuring Total Oxidant and Total Antioxidant states. The levels of superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde, which are oxidative stress markers, were also measured by ELISA assay kit. RESULTS As a result of the measurement, IC50 doses of Oleuropein and Paclitaxel were determined as 230 μM and 7.5 μM, respectively. Different percentages of combination ratios were generated from the obtained IC50 values. The effect of oxidative stress was investigated at the combination rates of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% which were determined to be synergistic. In terms of the combined use of Oleuropein and Paclitaxel on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense increased, and Oxidative Stress Index levels decreased. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that the doses administered to the Oleuropein+Paclitaxel combination group were lower than those administered to groups using one agent alone (e.g. Paclitaxel), the results of which reduce the possibility of administering toxic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Yılmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Filiz Özdemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Schaich KM. Epoxides: an underestimated lipid oxidation product. Free Radic Res 2023:1-48. [PMID: 38124354 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2277142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Immense gains in understanding of mechanisms and effects of lipid oxidation have been achieved in the nearly 90 years over which lipid oxidation has been an active research focus. Even so, the substantial questions still being raised about lipid oxidation in this special issue show clearly that missing pieces remain and must be considered for full accounting of this important reaction in any system. In this context, epoxides are spotlighted as a critical overlooked product of lipid autoxidation - underestimated in analysis, underestimated in presence as a functionally active and competitive intermediate and product of lipid oxidation, and underestimated in potential contributions to impact of lipid oxidation on other molecules and cell functions. Logical reasons for ignoring or not finding epoxides are offered in historical development of lipid oxidation knowledge. Reactions generating lipid epoxides in autoxidation are reviewed, limitations in detecting and tracking epoxides are outlined to explain why epoxides may not be detected when they should be present, and justifications for increased research and analysis of epoxides are argued. The main goal is to provide a context for recognizing epoxides as critical products that must be accounted for in determining the state rather than extent of lipid oxidation and in tracking its consequences in oils, foods, personal care products, and tissues. A secondary goal is to stimulate new research using contemporary analyses to fill in the gaps of knowledge about epoxide formation, structure, and reactions in lipid autoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Schaich
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Peng J, Wang H. Regulation mechanisms underlying tail resorption in Bufo gargarizans metamorphosis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 47:101113. [PMID: 37517282 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Anurans have been excellent organisms for studying amphibian metamorphosis. Tail resorption is a remarkable event that occurs during amphibian metamorphosis. Although tail resorption has been previously studied in other anurans like Xenopus laevis and Rana chensinensis, there is no report on Bufo gargarizans. This paper thus explored the mechanism of tail resorption during metamorphosis in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles through some biological research methods. Histological results showed that the tail tissues of tadpoles gradually degraded as metamorphosis progressed. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to examine the expression level and functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the tail. In addition, we analyzed the mRNA expression levels of genes related to tail resorption by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We also speculated on three pathways that participate in the regulation of tail resorption based on the above results. The present study might provide a theoretical basis and novel insights for further research of complex molecular mechanisms of tail resorption in amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Jufang Peng
- Basic Experimental Teaching Center, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China.
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Chaiyana W, Jiamphun S, Bezuidenhout S, Yeerong K, Krueathanasing N, Thammasorn P, Jittasai P, Tanakitvanicharoen S, Tima S, Anuchapreeda S. Enhanced Cosmeceutical Potentials of the Oil from Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer by Nanoemulsions. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2955-2972. [PMID: 37293575 PMCID: PMC10246574 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s406864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to extract the oil from Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer, evaluate its potential for cosmeceutical applications, and develop nanoemulsions to promote the cosmeceutical capabilities of the oil. Methods G. bimaculatus oil was produced by the cold pressing method. Its fatty acid compositions were assessed by fatty acid methyl ester/gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities of the oil were investigated in terms of radical scavengers, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The whitening effects were investigated through anti-tyrosinase activities, whilst the anti-aging effects were investigated through inhibition against collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase. The irritant effects were investigated by the hen's egg chorio-allantoic membrane test and the cytotoxicity assay in immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes and human foreskin fibroblast cells. The nanoemulsions were developed, characterized, and evaluated for their stability and cosmeceutical properties. Results G. bimaculatus oil, rich in linoleic acid (31.08 ± 0.00%), oleic acid (30.44 ± 0.01%), palmitic acid (24.80 ± 0.01%), and stearic acid (7.61 ± 0.00%), demonstrated promising cosmeceutical properties in terms of antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-skin ageing activities. Besides, the oil was safe since it induced no irritation or cytotoxicity. G. bimaculatus oil was successfully developed into nanoemulsions, and F1, composed of 1% w/w G. bimaculatus oil, 1.12% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.88% w/w sorbitan oleate, and 97% w/w DI water, had the smallest internal droplet size (53.8 ± 0.6 nm), the narrowest polydispersity index (0.129 ± 0.010), and a pronounced zeta potential (-28.23 ± 2.32 mV). All cosmeceutical activities of the oil were significantly enhanced after incorporation in the nanoemulsions (p < 0.001), particularly the whitening effects. Conclusion G. bimaculatus oil nanoemulsion was an attractive cosmeceutical formulation with potent whitening effects, along with antioxidant and anti-aging properties. Therefore, nanoemulsion technology was found to be an effective strategy for improving the cosmeceutical properties of G. bimaculatus oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sudarat Jiamphun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suchanan Bezuidenhout
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kankanit Yeerong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nutnicha Krueathanasing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pattiya Thammasorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pipat Jittasai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Singkome Tima
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Chen S, Wu H, Chen C, Wang D, Yang Y, Zhou Z, Zhu R, He X, Pan Y, Li C. The prognostic prediction of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients based on surface-enhanced Raman measurements of pre-treatment saliva. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122150. [PMID: 36459721 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent dental diseases, and the patients with periodontitis often suffer from refractory periodontitis or recurrence of disease due to improper or inadequate treatment. In clinical practice, the early and accurate assessment of post-treatment prognosis in periodontitis patients is always very important in order to implement timely interventions. In this study, a pre-treatment saliva SERS based prognostic protocol was explored to predict the prognosis of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients. According to the biomolecular analysis, significant differences in the levels of ascorbic acid, uric acid and glutathione are observed between good prognosis group and poor prognosis group, which are expected to serve as potential prognostic markers. Furthermore, high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity can also be achieved by using the proposed prognostic model. The excellent performance of the proposed method has demonstrated its potential for fast, accurate, and non-invasive prognostic prediction of periodontal non-surgery therapy in periodontitis patients, even at the time before implementing treatment, thus is expected to benefit timely and rational guidance on clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Daheng Wang
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaru Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, China
| | - Ruochen Zhu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China.
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Synthesis, structural characterization and study of antioxidant and anti-PrP Sc properties of flavonoids and their rhenium(I)-tricarbonyl complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:235-247. [PMID: 36695886 PMCID: PMC9981504 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at the synthesis and initial biological evaluation of novel rhenium-tricarbonyl complexes of 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin), 3,7,4΄-trihydroxyflavone (resokaempferol), 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) and 4΄,5,7-trihydroxyflavonone (naringenin) as neuroprotective and anti-PrP agents. Resokaempferol was synthesized from 2,2΄,4-trihydroxychalcone by H2O2/NaOH. The rhenium-tricarbonyl complexes of the type fac-[Re(CO)3(Fl)(sol)] were synthesized by reacting the precursor fac-[Re(CO)3(sol)3]+ with an equimolar amount of the flavonoids (Fl) quercetin, resokaempferol, chrysin and naringenin and the solvent (sol) was methanol or water. The respective Re-flavonoid complexes were purified by semi-preparative HPLC and characterized by spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the structure of Re-chrysin was elucidated by X-ray crystallography. Initial screening of the neuroprotective properties of these compounds included the in vitro assessment of the antioxidant properties by the DPPH assay as well as the anti-lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid in the presence of AAPH and their ability to inhibit soybean lipoxygenase. From the above studies, it was concluded that the complexes' properties are mainly correlated with the structural characteristics and the presence of the flavonoids. The flavonoids and their respective Re-complexes were also tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the formation and aggregation of the amyloid-like abnormal prion protein, PrPSc, by employing the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay with recombinant PrP seeded with cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. All the compounds blocked de novo abnormal PrP formation and aggregation.
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Hybridization of Aminoadamantanes with Cinnamic Acid Analogues and Elucidation of Their Antioxidant Profile. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7582587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of seventeen cinnamic acid hybrids (4ai–ci) were obtained through an amidation of aminoadamantanes (amantadine, rimantadine, and memantine) with mixed anhydride generated from different substituted cinnamic acid and ethyl chloroformate. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and HRMS were used for the confirmation of the structures of the synthesized hybrids. Moreover, the antioxidant profiles of amides were estimated as per five different in vitro methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid cation radical (ABTS⁺), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay, and inhibition of Fe(III)/asc induced lipid peroxidation (LP) in brain homogenate. For comparison, caffeic acid (CaffA), known as a potent naturally occurring antioxidant, was used as a reference compound in our study. The results revealed that the most prominent antioxidant activity was demonstrated by compound 4b2, with excellent CUPRAC, FRAP, scavenging ABTS+˙ potential, and inhibition of Fe/asc–induced LP, followed by 4c6 > 4a6 > CaffA > 4c5 and 4a5 > 4a7. Overall, the results suggest that the hybrids (4b2, 4c6, and 4a6) consisting of a caffeoyl moiety and lipophilic adamantane core endow the molecules with the higher antioxidant activity than their parent compound (caffeic acid), especially against LP. Thus, these promising antioxidants could have beneficial effects in various pathological conditions, where oxidative stress is implicated.
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Zhao Z, Cui D, Wu G, Ren H, Zhu X, Xie W, Zhang Y, Yang L, Peng W, Lai C, Huang Y, Li H. Disrupted gut microbiota aggravates working memory dysfunction induced by high-altitude exposure in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1054504. [PMID: 36439863 PMCID: PMC9684180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1054504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The widely accepted microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA) hypothesis may be essential for explaining the impact of high-altitude exposure on the human body, especially brain function. However, studies on this topic are limited, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether high-altitude-induced working memory dysfunction could be exacerbated with gut microbiota disruption. Methods and results C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, high-altitude exposed (HAE), and high-altitude exposed with antibiotic treatment (HAE-A). The HAE and HAE-A groups were exposed to a low-pressure oxygen chamber (60-65 kPa) simulating the altitude of 3,500-4,000 m for 14 days, The air pressure level for the control group was maintained at 94.5 kPa. Antibiotic water (mixed with 0.2 g/L of ciprofloxacin and 1 g/L of metronidazole) was provided to the HAE-A group. Based on the results of the novel object test and P300 in the oddball behavioral paradigm training test, working memory dysfunction was aggravated by antibiotic treatment. We determined the antioxidant capacity in the prefrontal cortex and found a significant negative influence (p < 0.05) of disturbed gut microbiota on the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The same trend was also observed in the apoptosis-related functional protein content and mRNA expression levels in the prefrontal cortex, especially the levels of bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. The high-altitude environment and antibiotic treatment substantially affected the richness and diversity of the colonic microbiota and reorganized the composition and structure of the microbial community. S24-7, Lachnospiraceae, and Lactobacillaceae were the three microbial taxa with the most pronounced differences under the stimulation by external factors in this study. In addition, correlation analysis between colonic microbiota and cognitive function in mice demonstrated that Helicobacteraceae may be closely related to behavioral results. Conclusion Disrupted gut microbiota could aggravate working memory dysfunction induced by high-altitude exposure in mice, indicating the existence of a link between high-altitude exposure and MGBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dejun Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guosong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Ximei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Xie
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Weiqi Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baiyun Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
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Sun N, Zhu B, Xin J, Li L, Gan B, Cao X, Fang J, Pan K, Jing B, Zeng Y, Lv C, Zhao L, Zeng D, Xu P, Wang H, Ni X. Psychoactive Effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 on Preventing Memory Dysfunction Induced by Acute Ethanol Exposure Through Modulating Intestinal Microenvironment and Improving Alcohol Metabolic Level. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847468. [PMID: 35432260 PMCID: PMC9011001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative effects of ethanol (EtOH) abuse on the body have been widely reported in recent years. Building on the microbiota-gut-brain axis hypothesis, our study aimed to demonstrate the potential psychobiotic role of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 in the preventive effects of acute EtOH intake on memory impairment. We also determined whether L. johnsonii BS15 intake could effectively improve resistance to acute drinking and alleviate the adverse effects of EtOH. Male mice were fed L. johnsonii BS15 orally with (Probiotic group) or without (Control and Alcohol groups) daily dose of 0.2 × 109 CFU/ml per mouse for 28 days. Gavage with L. johnsonii BS15 significantly modified the ileal microbial ecosystem (assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing) in favor of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, indicating the ability of BS15 to restore the gut microbiota. The acute EtOH exposure model (7 g/kg EtOH per mice) was established by gavage, which was administered to the alcohol and probiotic groups on day 28 of the experiment. The L. johnsonii BS15 intake effectively reduced alcohol unconsciousness time, blood alcohol concentration, and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Meanwhile, the improvement of ethanol resistance time and the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in the liver were shown by BS15 in acute alcohol-induced mice. We found that acute EtOH exposure reduced the exploration ratio (assessed by the novel object recognition test), escape latency, number of errors (assessed by passive avoidance test), and spontaneous exploration (assessed by T-maze test) in mice, which were obviously improved by L. johnsonii BS15. In the hippocampus, L. johnsonii BS15 significantly reversed the decrease in antioxidant capacity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) and mRNA expression of memory-related functional proteins of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclic ampresponse element binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampal tissue after acute EtOH exposure. In conclusion, L. johnsonii BS15 intake appears as a promising psychoactive therapy to ameliorate alcohol-mediated memory impairment by increasing EtOH metabolic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, The School of Life Sciences and Technology, Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxin Li
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baoxing Gan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, The School of Life Sciences and Technology, Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Demirci-Çekiç S, Özkan G, Avan AN, Uzunboy S, Çapanoğlu E, Apak R. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114477. [PMID: 34920302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced during normal metabolism in human body. These species can be both radical and non-radical and have varying degrees of reactivity. Although they have some important functions in the human body, such as contributing to signal transmission and the immune system, their presence must be balanced by the antioxidant defense system. The human body has an excellent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system in addition to different non-enzymatic antioxidants having small molecular masses. An extrinsic source of antioxidants are foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, mostly rich in polyphenols. When the delicate biochemical balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed in favor of oxidants, "oxidative stress" conditions emerge, under which reactive species can cause oxidative damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and DNA. This oxidative damage is often associated with cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Because reactive species are extremely short-lived, it is almost impossible to measure their concentrations directly. Although there are certain methods such as ESR / EPR that serve this purpose, they have some disadvantages and are quite costly systems. Therefore, products generated from oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA are often used to quantify the extent of oxidative damage rather than direct measurement of reactive species. These oxidative damage products are usually known as biomarkers. Determination of the concentrations of these biomarkers and changes in the concentration of protective antioxidants can provide useful information for avoiding certain diseases and keep healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Demirci-Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Neslihan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Uzunboy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Vedat Dalokay St. No. 112, Cankaya, 06670 Ankara, Turkey.
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13
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Yu G, Wang Y, Zhao J. Inhibitory effect of mitoquinone against the α-synuclein fibrillation and relevant neurotoxicity: possible role in inhibition of Parkinson's disease. Biol Chem 2021; 403:253-263. [PMID: 34653323 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies have reported that interaction of α-synuclein amyloid species with neurons is a crucial mechanistic characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) and small molecules can downregulate the neurotoxic effects induced by protein aggregation. However, the exact mechanism(s) of these neuroprotective effects by small molecules remain widely unknown. In the present study, α-synuclein samples in the amyloidogenic condition were aged for 120 h with or without different concentrations of mitoquinone (MitoQ) as a quinone derivative compound and the amyloid characteristics and the relevant neurotoxicity were evaluated by Thioflavin T (ThT)/Nile red fluorescence, Congo red absorption, circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase-9/-3 activity assays. Results clearly showed the capacity of MitoQ on the inhibition of the formation of α-synuclein fibrillation products through modulation of the aggregation pathway by an effect on the kinetic parameters. Also, it was shown that α-synuclein samples aged for 120 h with MitoQ trigger less neurotoxic effects against SH-SY5Y cells than α-synuclein amyloid alone. Indeed, co-incubation of α-synuclein with MitoQ reduced the membrane leakage, oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress, modifications of macromolecules, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Yu
- Department of Neurology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, 471009, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qingzhou People's Hospital, Weifang, 262500, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, 712000, China
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Wang H, He S, Xin J, Zhang T, Sun N, Li L, Ni X, Zeng D, Ma H, Bai Y. Psychoactive Effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii Against Restraint Stress-Induced Memory Dysfunction in Mice Through Modulating Intestinal Inflammation and permeability-a Study Based on the Gut-Brain Axis Hypothesis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:662148. [PMID: 34122081 PMCID: PMC8189558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.662148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Though the underlying mechanism remains elusive, a close relationship between psychological stress and intestinal inflammation has been widely accepted. Such a link is very important to set the basis for our understanding of the critical role of gut-brain axis (GBA) in homeostatic processes in health and disease. Probiotics that could confer benefits to mental health through GBA are referred to as "psychobiotics". This study aimed to further determine whether a potential psychobiotic strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 could prevent memory dysfunction in mice induced by psychological stress through modulating the gut environment, including intestinal inflammation and permeability. Memory dysfunction in mice was induced by restraint stress (RS), one of the most commonly utilized models to mimic psychological stress. The mice were randomly categorized into three groups including no stress (NS), restraint stress (RS), and probiotic (RS-P) and administered with either phosphate buffered saline (NS and RS groups) or L. johnsonii BS15 (RS-P group) every day from day 1-28. From days 22-28, the mice in RS and RS-P groups were subjected to RS each day. Results revealed that BS15-pretreatment enhanced the performance of RS-induced mice during three different behavioral tests for memory ability and positively modulated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by attenuating the serum corticosterone level. In the hippocampus, L. johnsonii BS15 positively modulated the memory-related functional proteins related to synaptic plasticity, increased neurotransmitter levels, and prevented RS-induced oxidative stress and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. In the intestines, L. johnsonii BS15 protected the RS-induced mice from damaged gut barrier by enhancing the mRNA levels of tight junction proteins and exerted beneficial effects on the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels reduced by RS. These findings provided more evidence to reveal the psychoactive effect of L. johnsonii BS15 against memory dysfunction in RS-induced mice by modulating intestinal inflammation and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunhui He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianxin Li
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hu TG, Zou YX, Li EN, Liao ST, Wu H, Wen P. Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structural, rheological, and functional properties of mulberry leaf polysaccharide. Food Chem 2021; 355:129608. [PMID: 33799260 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structural, rheological, and functional properties of mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MLP) were characterized in this study. The enzymatic hydrolysis of MLP raised the carbonyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups from 7.21 ± 0.86 to 10.08 ± 0.28 CO/100 Glu, 9.40 ± 0.13 to 17.55 ± 0.34 COOH/100 Glu, and 5.71 ± 0.33 to 8.14 ± 0.24 OH/100 Glu, respectively. Meanwhile, an increase in thixotropic performance and structure-recovery capacities were observed in hydrolyzed MLP, while the molecular weight, surface tension, apparent viscosity, and thermal stability were decreased. An improved antioxidant activity of MLP was also achieved after the enzymatic degradation. Moreover, the hydrolyzed MLP showed greater ability to promote the growths of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus and the production of acetic acid, butyric acid, and lactic acid. The results demonstrate that enzymatic modification is a useful approach for polysaccharide processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Gen Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, China; Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zou
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, China
| | - Er-Na Li
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China
| | - Sen-Tai Liao
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, China.
| | - Peng Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Lee ES, Kim HM, Lee SH, Ha KB, Bae YS, Lee SJ, Moon SH, Lee EY, Lee JH, Chung CH. APX-115, a pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, protects development of diabetic nephropathy in podocyte specific NOX5 transgenic mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:92-101. [PMID: 33011273 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are comprised of different isoforms, NOX1 to 5 and Duox1 and 2, and they trigger diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Recently, it was shown that, compared to the other isoforms, the expression of NOX5 was increased in the patients with DN and, NOX5 has been suggested to be important in the development of therapeutic agents. The effect of pan-NOX inhibition by APX-115 has also been investigated in type 2 diabetic mice. However, since NOX5 is absent in mice, we evaluated the effect of pan-NOX inhibition by APX-115 in Nox5 transgenic mouse. Wild type and renal podocyte specific NOX5 transgenic mice (NOX5 pod+) were fed with high-fat diet (60% kcal fat) and treated with APX-115 (60 mg/kg) by oral gavage for 14 weeks. APX-115 significantly improved pancreatic beta cell function by decreased fasting blood glucose levels and increased insulin levels. Further, the total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and urinary albumin/creatinine levels were also significantly decreased by APX-115 treatment. Increased NOX5 mRNA expressions, increased desmin levels, and reduced podocin protein expressions in the kidney of NOX5 pod + mice were also significantly restored to normal levels by APX-115 treatment. Moreover, APX-115 inhibited the expression of inflammation-related proteins such as TRAF6. Collectively, these data suggest that APX-115 might be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of DN because of its pan-NOX inhibitory activity, including its NOX5 inhibitory activity, and also owing to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Hong Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kyung Bong Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Lee
- Aptabio Therapeutics Inc., Yongin, South Korea
| | | | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
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17
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Wang QH, Kuang N, Hu WY, Yin D, Wei YY, Hu TJ. The effect of Panax notoginseng saponins on oxidative stress induced by PCV2 infection in immune cells: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e61. [PMID: 32735098 PMCID: PMC7402940 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are bioactive substances extracted from P. notoginseng that are widely used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and interstitial diseases. PNS have the functions of scavenging free radicals, anti-inflammation, improving blood supply for tissue and so on. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PNS on the oxidative stress of immune cells induced by porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection in vitro and in vivo. Methods Using an oxidative stress model of PCV2 infection in a porcine lung cell line (3D4/2 cells) and mice, the levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), total glutathione (T-GSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) were determined to evaluate the regulatory effects of PNS on oxidative stress. Results PNS treatment significantly reduced the levels of NO and ROS, the content of GSSG and the activities of XOD, MPO, and iNOS (p < 0.05), while significantly increasing GSH and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in infected 3D4/2 cells (p < 0.05).Similarly, in the in vivo study, PNS treatment significantly decreased the level of ROS in spleen lymphocytes of infected mice (p < 0.05), increased the levels of GSH and T-GSH (p < 0.05), significantly decreased the GSSG level (p < 0.05), and decreased the activities of XOD, MPO, and iNOS. Conclusions PNS could regulate the oxidative stress of immune cells induced by PCV2 infection in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Hua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Na Kuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Wen Yue Hu
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dan Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Ying Yi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Ting Jun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
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Cobley JN. Mechanisms of Mitochondrial ROS Production in Assisted Reproduction: The Known, the Unknown, and the Intriguing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E933. [PMID: 33003362 PMCID: PMC7599503 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The consensus that assisted reproduction technologies (ART), like in vitro fertilization, to induce oxidative stress (i.e., the known) belies how oocyte/zygote mitochondria-a major presumptive oxidative stressor-produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) with ART being unknown. Unravelling how oocyte/zygote mitochondria produce ROS is important for disambiguating the molecular basis of ART-induced oxidative stress and, therefore, to rationally target it (e.g., using site-specific mitochondria-targeted antioxidants). I review the known mechanisms of ROS production in somatic mitochondria to critique how oocyte/zygote mitochondria may produce ROS (i.e., the unknown). Several plausible site- and mode-defined mitochondrial ROS production mechanisms in ART are proposed. For example, complex I catalyzed reverse electron transfer-mediated ROS production is conceivable when oocytes are initially extracted due to at least a 10% increase in molecular dioxygen exposure (i.e., the intriguing). To address the term oxidative stress being used without recourse to the underlying chemistry, I use the species-specific spectrum of biologically feasible reactions to define plausible oxidative stress mechanisms in ART. Intriguingly, mitochondrial ROS-derived redox signals could regulate embryonic development (i.e., their production could be beneficial). Their potential beneficial role raises the clinical challenge of attenuating oxidative damage while simultaneously preserving redox signaling. This discourse sets the stage to unravel how mitochondria produce ROS in ART, and their biological roles from oxidative damage to redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Cobley
- Redox Biology Group, Institute for Health Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
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Wang H, Sun Y, Xin J, Zhang T, Sun N, Ni X, Zeng D, Bai Y. Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 Prevents Psychological Stress-Induced Memory Dysfunction in Mice by Modulating the Gut-Brain Axis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1941. [PMID: 32903531 PMCID: PMC7438410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers are attempting to harness the advantages of the gut–brain axis to prevent neurocognitive disorders by enhancing intestinal health. In this study, four groups of ICR mice were orally gavaged with either phosphate-buffered saline (control and CW groups) or the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 (P and PW group; daily amounts of 2 × 108 colony-forming units) for 28 days. From days 22 to 28, the mice in the CW and PW groups were subjected to water-avoidance stress (WAS). The issue of whether psychological stress–induced memory dysfunction can be prevented via L. johnsonii BS15 pretreatment to modulate the gut–brain axis was investigated. Results show that L. johnsonii BS15 enhanced gut development by increasing villus height in the jejunum and ileum as well as villus height:crypt depth ratio in the ileum. L. johnsonii BS15 increased the activities of digestive enzymes, including trypsin and lipase in the jejunum and ileum. The intestinal goblet cell number was also increased by L. johnsonii BS15 pretreatment. Moreover, L. johnsonii BS15 balanced the gut microbiota by increasing the log10 DNA gene copies of Lactobacillus spp. and L. johnsonii and decreasing that of Enterobacteriaceae in the cecum. L. johnsonii BS15 also exerted preventive effects on intestinal permeability WAS by modulating diamine oxidase and D-lactate levels in the serum and mRNA expression levels of the tight junction proteins claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 in the jejunum and ileum. L. johnsonii BS15 pretreatment modulated inflammatory factors, specifically tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-10. L. johnsonii BS15 pretreatment improved their performance in two behavioral tests, namely the novel object and T-maze tests. This result indicates that psychological stress–induced memory dysfunction possibly could be prevented through the gut–brain axis. In addition, L. johnsonii BS15 exerted beneficial effects on the hippocampus by modulating memory-related functional proteins, especially those related to synaptic plasticity, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and stem cell factor. Moreover, L. johnsonii BS15 recovered antioxidant capacity and exerted protective effects on mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis in the hippocampus. Collectively, the modulation of the gut–brain axis by L. johnsonii BS15 could be considered a promising non-invasive treatment modality for psychological stress–induced memory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Microecology Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Microecology Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Microecology Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Microecology Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Kim J, Baek S, Hee Choi N, Kwon SH, Hui Lee S, Pa Lee K. Protective Effect of Korean Hedyotis diffusa Extract Against Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis in Mice. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.291.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ribeiro DA, Camilo CJ, de Fátima Alves Nonato C, Rodrigues FFG, Menezes IRA, Ribeiro-Filho J, Xiao J, de Almeida Souza MM, da Costa JGM. Influence of seasonal variation on phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity of Secondatia floribunda A. DC. (Apocynaceae). Food Chem 2020; 315:126277. [PMID: 32004983 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Nhu TQ, Bich Hang BT, Cornet V, Oger M, Bach LT, Anh Dao NL, Thanh Huong DT, Quetin-Leclercq J, Scippo ML, Phuong NT, Kestemont P. Single or Combined Dietary Supply of Psidium guajava and Phyllanthus amarus Extracts Differentially Modulate Immune Responses and Liver Proteome in Striped Catfish ( Pangasianodon hyphophthalmus). Front Immunol 2020; 11:797. [PMID: 32431710 PMCID: PMC7214933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Guava Psidium guajava L (Pg) and bhumi amla Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn (Pa) are well-known plants in traditional medicine. However, the capacity of these plants for improving the immune system of aquatic species has received less attention so far. This study aimed to investigate the effects of single supply or mixture of Pg and Pa extracts on immune responses, disease resistance and liver proteome profiles in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Fish were fed diets including basal diet 0% or one of three doses of each plant extract, either alone or in mixture, 0.08, 0.2, or 0.5% Pg, Pa or mixture (Pg:Pa, v/v) for 6 weeks. The immune parameters (respiratory burst activity (RBA); nitric oxide synthase (NOS), total immunoglobulin, lysozyme, and complement activities) were examined at W3, W6 post-feeding, and after challenge test. The growth parameters and the challenge test with Edwardsiella ictaluri were done at W6. The liver proteome profiles were analyzed in W6 at 0.08 and 0.5% of each extract. The results showed that extract-based diets significantly improved growth parameters in the Pg0.2 group compared to control. The cellular immune responses in spleen and the humoral immune responses in plasma were significantly improved in a dose and time-dependent manner. Diets supplemented with single Pg and Pa extracts, and to lesser extent to combined extracts, could significantly decrease the mortality of striped catfish following bacterial infection compared to control. The proteomic results indicated that some pathways related to immune responses, antioxidant and lipid metabolism were enriched in liver at W6. Several proteins (i.e., CD8B, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, PDIA3, CASP8, TUBA1C, CCKAR, GNAS, GRIN2D, PLCG1, PRKCA, SLC25A5, VDAC2, ACTN4, GNAI2, LCK, CARD9, NLRP12, and NLRP3) were synergistically upregulated in mixture of Pg and Pa-based diets compared to control and single dietary treatments. Taken together, the results revealed that single Pg and Pa extracts at 0.2 and 0.5% and their mixture at 0.08 and 0.5% have the potential to modulate the immune mechanisms and disease resistance of striped catfish. Moreover, the combination of Pg and Pa in diets suggested positive synergistic effects liver proteome profile related to immune system processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Quynh Nhu
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.,College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Bich Hang
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Mathilde Oger
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Le Thi Bach
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Le Anh Dao
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Thanh Huong
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health, Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Li Y, Huang J, Lu J, Ding Y, Jiang L, Hu S, Chen J, Zeng Q. The role and mechanism of Asian medicinal plants in treating skin pigmentary disorders. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112173. [PMID: 31445129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chloasma, senile plaques, vitiligo and other pigmentary disorders seriously affect patients' appearance and life quality. Medicinal plant is the product of long-term medical practice worldwide, with the advantages of outstanding curative properties and less side effects. Recently, research were made to explore the value of medicinal plants in the treatment of pigmentary disorders, and remarkable results were achieved. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review outlines the current understanding of the role and potential mechanisms of medicinal plants (including active ingredients, extracts and prescriptions) in pigmentary disorders, especially Chinese medicinal plants, provides the preclinical evidence for the clinical benefits. This study hopes to provide comprehensive information and reliable basis for exploring new therapeutic strategies of plant drugs in the treatment of skin pigmented diseases. METHODS The literature information was obtained from the scientific databases (up to Oct, 2017), mainly from the PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases, and was to identify the experimental studies on the regulating melanogenesis role of the active agents from herbal medicine and the involved mechanisms. The search keywords for such work included: "pigmentary" or "pigmentation", "melanogenesis", and "traditional Chinese medicine" or "Chinese herbal medicine", "herb", "medicinal plant". RESULTS We summarized the function of medicinal plants involved in melanogenesis, especially Chinese medicine. It was reported that the active ingredients, extracts, or prescriptions of medicinal plants can regulate the expression of genes related to melanogenesis by affecting the signaling pathways such as MAPK and PKA, thereby regulating pigment synthesis. Some of them can promote melanogenesis (such as isoliquiritigenin, geniposide; Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.; the Bairesi complex prescription, etc.). While others have the opposite effect (such as biochanin A, Gomisin N; Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Nardostachys chinensis Bat.; Sanbaitang, etc.). CONCLUSION Asian medicinal plants, especially their active ingredients, have multilevel effects on melanogenesis by regulating melanogenesis-related genes or signaling pathways. They are of great clinical value for the treatment of skin pigmentary disorders. However, the experimental effect, safety, and functional mechanism of the medicinal plants require further determination before studying their clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Jianyun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Yufang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Shuanghai Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China.
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, PR China.
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Kouzi O, Pontiki E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D. 2-Arylidene-1-indandiones as Pleiotropic Agents with Antioxidant and Inhibitory Enzymes Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E4411. [PMID: 31816866 PMCID: PMC6930570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Indandiones are a relatively new group of compounds presenting a wide range of biological activities. The synthesis of these compounds was performed via a Knoevenagel reaction between an aldehyde and 1,3-indandione and were obtained with a yield up to 54%. IR, 1H-Nucleic Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, LC/MS ESI+ and elemental analysis were used for the confirmation of the structures of the novel derivatives. Lipophilicity values of compounds were calculated theoretically and experimentally by reversed chromatography method as values RM. The novel derivatives were studied through in vitro and in vivo experiments for their activity as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents and as inhibitors of lipoxygenase, trypsin, and thrombin. The inhibition of the carrageenin-induced paw edema (CPE) was also determined for representative structures. In the above series of experiments, we find that all the compounds showed moderate to satisfying interaction with the stable DPPH free radical in relation to the concentration and the time 2-arylidene-1-indandione (10) was the strongest. We observed moderate or very low antioxidant activities for selected compounds in the decolorization assay with ABTS+•. Most of the compounds showed high anti-lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid induced by AAPH.2-arylidene-1-indandione (7) showed a strongly inhibited soybean LOX. Only 2-arylidene-1-indandione (3) showed moderate scavenging activity of superoxide anion, whereas 2-arylidene-1-indandione (8) and 2-arylidene-1-indandione (9) showed very strong inhibition on proteolysis. 2-arylidene-1-indandione (8) highly inhibited serine protease thrombin. 2-arylidene-1-indandiones (7, 8 and 9) can be used as lead multifunctional molecules. The compounds were active for the inhibition of the CPE (30-57%) with 2-arylidene-1-indandione (1) being the most potent (57%). According to the predicted results a great number of the derivatives can cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), act in CNS and easily transported, diffused, and absorbed. Efforts are conducted a) to correlate quantitatively the in vitro/in vivo results with the most important physicochemical properties of the structural components of the molecules and b) to clarify the correlation of actions among them to propose a possible mechanism of action. Hydration energy as EHYDR and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) better describe their antioxidant profile whereas the lipophilicity as RM values governs the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. Docking studies are performed and showed that soybean LOX oxidation was prevented by blocking into the hydrophobic domain the substrates to the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (O.K.); (E.P.)
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Ścibior A, Kurus J. Vanadium and Oxidative Stress Markers - In Vivo Model: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5456-5500. [PMID: 30621554 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190108112255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review article is an attempt to summarize the current state of knowledge of the impact of Vanadium (V) on Oxidative Stress (OS) markers in vivo. It shows the results of our studies and studies conducted by other researchers on the influence of different V compounds on the level of selected Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/Free Radicals (FRs), markers of Lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. It also presents the impact of ROS/peroxides on the activity of antioxidant enzymes modulated by V and illustrates the mechanisms of the inactivation thereof caused by this metal and reactive oxygen metabolites. It also focuses on the mechanisms of interaction of V with some nonenzymatic compounds of the antioxidative system. Furthermore, we review the routes of generation of oxygen-derived FRs and non-radical oxygen derivatives (in which V is involved) as well as the consequences of FR-mediated LPO (induced by this metal) together with the negative/ positive effects of LPO products. A brief description of the localization and function of some antioxidant enzymes and low-molecular-weight antioxidants, which are able to form complexes with V and play a crucial role in the metabolism of this element, is presented as well. The report also shows the OS historical background and OS markers (determined in animals under V treatment) on a timeline, collects data on interactions of V with one of the elements with antioxidant potential, and highlights the necessity and desirability of conducting studies of mutual interactions between V and antioxidant elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ścibior
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Faculty of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kurus
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Faculty of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Wang X, Zheng R, Yao Q, Liang Z, Wu M, Wang H. Effects of fluoride on the histology, lipid metabolism, and bile acid secretion in liver of Bufo gargarizans larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113052. [PMID: 31465901 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In our study, Bufo gargarizans (B. gargarizans) larvae were exposed to control, 0.5, 5, 10 and 50 mg/L of NaF from Gs 26 to 42. At Gs 42, we evaluated the changes of liver histology and the mRNA levels of target genes in liver. In addition, we also examined the composition and content of fatty acids. Histological analysis revealed that fluoride caused liver injury, such as the increase of number of melanomacrophage centres, atrophy of nucleus, dilation of bile canaliculus, and decrease of quantity, degradation and deposition of lipid droplets. The results of RT-qPCR indicated that exposure to 5, 10 and 50 mg/L of NaF significantly decreased the transcript levels of genes related to fatty acid synthesis (FASN, FAE, MECR, KAR and TECR) in liver. Besides, mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (ECHS1, HADHA, SCP2, CPT2, ACAA1 and ACAA2) and oxidative stress (SOD, GPx, MICU1 and HSP90) was significantly downregulated in 0.5, 5, 10 and 50 mg/L of NaF treatment groups. Also, in the relative expression of genes associated with synthesis and secretion of bile acid, BSEP significantly increased at 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/L of NaF while HSD3B7 significantly reduced in 0.5, 5, 10 and 50 mg/L of NaF. Finally, the fatty acid extraction and GC-MS analysis showed that the content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was decreased and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was increased in all fluoride treatment groups. Taken together, the present results indicated that fluoride-induced the histological alterations of liver might be linked to the disorder of lipid metabolism, oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Rui Zheng
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Qiong Yao
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Zhijia Liang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Minyao Wu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China.
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The selenium-containing compound 3-((4-chlorophenyl)selanyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole reverses depressive-like behavior induced by acute restraint stress in mice: modulation of oxido-nitrosative stress and inflammatory pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2867-2880. [PMID: 30610349 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Stress-induced alterations in oxidative and inflammatory parameters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Based on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the selenium-containing compound 3-((4-chlorophenyl)selanyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole (CMI), we assessed its ability to reverse depression-like behavioral alterations, neuroinflammation, and oxidative imbalance induced by acute restraint stress. METHODS Mice submitted to restraint for 240 min received CMI (1 or 10 mg/kg, orally) 10 min after the end of the stress induction. Behavioral and biochemical tests were carried out after further 30 min. RESULTS Restraint-induced depression-like behavior in the tail suspension test (TST), splash test, and new object exploration test was reversed by CMI. None of the treatments evoked locomotor alteration. In addition, CMI abrogated restraint-induced increases in plasma levels of corticosterone and in markers of oxidative stress and impaired superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC). CMI also blocked stress-induced downregulation of mRNA levels of glucocorticoid receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis alpha, indoelamine-2,3-dioxygenase, and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in PFC and HC. CONCLUSIONS These preclinical results indicate that administration of selenium-containing compounds might help to treat depression associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Kundu T, Bhattacharjee B, Hazra S, Ghosh AK, Bandyopadhyay D, Pramanik A. Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Pyrrolobenzoxazine Scaffold as a Potent Antioxidant. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6315-6329. [PMID: 31246452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of mitochondrial oxidative stress-mediated diseases is an important pharmaceutical objective in recent biomedical research. In this context, a series of novel pyrrolobenzoxazines (PyBs) framework with enormous diversity (compounds 5a-w) was synthesized by employing a low-temperature greener pathway, and antioxidant property of the synthesized compounds was successfully demonstrated on preclinical model goat heart mitochondria, in vitro. Copper-ascorbate (Cu-As) was utilized as an oxidative stress generator. Out of screened PyBs, the compound possessing -OH and -OMe groups on benzene nucleus along with pyrrolobenzoxazine core moiety (compound 5w) displayed magnificent antioxidant property with a minimum effective dose of 66 μM during the biochemical assessment. The ameliorative effect of synthesized pyrrolobenzoxazine moiety on levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme, activities of Krebs cycle and respiratory chain enzymes, mitochondrial morphology, and Ca2+ permeability of mitochondrial membrane was investigated in the presence of Cu-As. Furthermore, the binding mode of Cu-As by compound 5w was explored successfully using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Kundu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
| | - Bharati Bhattacharjee
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress, and Free Radical Biology Laboratory , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
| | - Subhenjit Hazra
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
| | - Arnab K Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress, and Free Radical Biology Laboratory , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Oxidative Stress, and Free Radical Biology Laboratory , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
| | - Animesh Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A. P. C. Road , Kolkata - 700 009 , India
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Present and future invasion perspectives of an alien shrimp in South Atlantic coastal waters: an experimental assessment of functional biomarkers and thermal tolerance. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-01921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Lutein prevents corticosterone-induced depressive-like behavior in mice with the involvement of antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 179:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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31
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Madeira D, Mendonça V, Madeira C, Gaiteiro C, Vinagre C, Diniz MS. Molecular assessment of wild populations in the marine realm: Importance of taxonomic, seasonal and habitat patterns in environmental monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:250-263. [PMID: 30447573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Scientists are currently faced with the challenge of assessing the effects of anthropogenic stressors on aquatic ecosystems. Cellular stress response (CSR) biomarkers are ubiquitous and phylogenetically conserved among metazoans and have been successfully applied in environmental monitoring but they can also vary according to natural biotic and abiotic factors. The reported variability may thus limit the wide application of biomarkers in monitoring, imposing the need to identify variability levels in the field. Our aim was to carry out a comprehensive in situ assessment of the CSR (heat shock protein 70 kDa, ubiquitin, antioxidant enzymes) and oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) in wild populations across marine taxa by collecting fish, crustaceans, mollusks and cnidarians during two different seasons (spring and summer) and two habitat types (coast and estuary). CSR end-point patterns were different between taxa with mollusks having higher biomarker levels, followed by the cnidarians, while fish and crustaceans showed lower biomarker levels. The PCA showed clear clusters related to mobility/sessile traits with sessile organisms showing greater levels (>2-fold) of CSR proteins and oxidative damage. Mean intraspecific variability in the CSR measured by the coefficient of variation (% CV) (including data from all seasons and sites) was elevated (35-94%). Overall, there was a seasonal differentiation in biomarker patterns across taxonomic groups, especially evident in fish and cnidarians. A differentiation in biomarker patterns between habitat types was also observed and associated with phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation. Overall, specimens collected in the estuary had lower biomarker levels when compared to specimens collected in the coast. This work highlights the importance of assessing baseline biomarker levels across taxa, seasons and habitats prior to applying biomarker analyses in environmental monitoring. Selecting bioindicator species, defining sampling strategies, and identifying confounding factors are crucial preliminary steps that ensure the success of biomarkers as powerful tools in biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Madeira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa Mendonça
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Madeira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário S Diniz
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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de Lucca L, Jantsch LB, Vendrame SA, Stein CDS, Klein VCG, Soares KB, Gallarreta FMP, Moresco RN, Gonçalves TDLG. Longitudinal Study of Delta-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity and Oxidative Profile in Healthy Pregnant Women. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9010018. [PMID: 30634529 PMCID: PMC6359676 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterized by changes in various organs, triggering changes in the use of energy substrates and increased oxygen consumption. In addition, gestation is an oxidative event that can be assessed by the relationship between free radicals and antioxidants produced by the body. Excessive production of free radicals has detrimental effects such as damage to enzymes, carbohydrates, and DNA. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status and antioxidant responses throughout pregnancy through a longitudinal study. Reactive oxygen species were analyzed by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide, the antioxidant system through vitamin C, sulfhydryl groups, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing ability of plasma as well as enzymes such as catalase and delta-aminolevulinate-dehydratase in pregnant women in the three gestational trimesters (n = 30). According to the results, the markers of oxidative damage showed significant differences in the different gestational trimesters where they were increased in the second trimester when compared to the first trimester. The antioxidant defenses responded differently in each gestational trimester, suggesting a response pattern to try to combat the damage caused by free radicals, in order to stabilize the increase of oxidative stress caused in the second gestational trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidiane de Lucca
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Bigolin Jantsch
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Silmara Ana Vendrame
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Stein
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Karina Biaggio Soares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
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Multi-Target Cinnamic Acids for Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Modeling Studies. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010012. [PMID: 30577525 PMCID: PMC6337588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex phenomenon that results as a healing response of organisms to different factors, exerting immune signaling, excessive free radical activity and tissue destruction. Lipoxygenases and their metabolites e.g., LTB4, are associated with allergy, cell differentiation and carcinogenesis. Lipoxygenase 12/15 has been characterized as a mucosal-specific inhibitor of IgA and a contributor to the development of allergic sensitization and airway inflammation. Development of drugs that interfere with the formation or effects of these metabolites would be important for the treatment of various diseases like asthma, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer and blood vessel disorders. In this study we extended our previous research synthesizing a series of multi-target cinnamic acids from the corresponding aldehydes with suitable 4-OH/Br substituted phenyl acetic acid by Knoevenagel condensation. The final products 1i, 3i, 3ii, 4i, 6i, 6ii, and 7i were obtained in high yields (52–98%) Their structures were verified spectrometrically, while their experimentally lipophilicity was determined as RM values. The novel derivatives were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using DPPH, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and ABTS+•, anti-lipid peroxidation and soybean lipoxygenase inhibition assays. The compounds presented medium interaction with DPPH (30–48% at 100 µM). In contrast all the synthesized derivatives strongly scavenge OH radicals (72–100% at 100 µM), ABTS+• (24–83% at 100 µM) and presented remarkable inhibition (87–100% at 100 µM) in linoleic acid peroxidation (AAPH). The topological polar surface of the compounds seems to govern the superoxide anion scavenging activity. Molecular docking studies were carried out on cinnamic acid derivative 3i and found to be in accordance with experimental biological results. All acids presented interesting lipoxygenase inhibition (IC50 = 7.4–100 µM) with compound 3i being the most potent LOX inhibitor with IC50 = 7.4 µM combining antioxidant activities. The antioxidant results support the LOX inhibitory activities. The recorded in vitro results highlight compound 3i as a lead compound for the design of new potent lipoxygenase inhibitors for the treatment of asthma, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer and blood vessel disorders.
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Rocha-Santos C, Bastos FF, Dantas RF, Hauser-Davis RA, Rodrigues LC, Cunha Bastos VLF, Cunha Bastos J. Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in blood and liver from a hypoxia-tolerant fish under oxygen deprivation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:604-611. [PMID: 30081344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver enzyme activities can be employed as biomarkers, but liver can only be obtained with death of the specimen. On the other hand, blood withdrawal is a non-lethal procedure. Accordingly, the hypothesis of this study is to verify if glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in blood parallel those in the liver of the hypoxia-tolerant fish, Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu), submitted to hypoxia conditions. GPX was assayed with H2O2 in cytosols from both liver and erythrocytes and exhibited no significant variation, either in erythrocytes or in liver, when comparing pacus under normoxia with those under hypoxia (42 h). GST activity with chloro-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), an artificial substrate suitable for almost all GST isoenzymes, was compared to activity with 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4-HNE), a physiological endogenous substrate. GST activity with CDNB did not change in liver or in erythrocyte cytosols in pacus under hypoxia compared to those under normoxia. On the other hand, a significant decrease in erythrocyte activity with 4-HNE was observed after 42 h of hypoxia in both erythrocytes and liver, which may be a response to increased lipid oxidation in erythrocytes. Erythrocyte GST activity was 3-fold higher with 4-HNE than with CDNB, indicating that 4-HNE is a more appropriate substrate to determine GST activity in pacu erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rocha-Santos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Leopoldo de Meis, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bl.D Ss.05, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - F F Bastos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R F Dantas
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Bioquímica de Proteínas e Peptídeos, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R A Hauser-Davis
- Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH), ENSP, FIOCRUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, CEP: 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L C Rodrigues
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - V L F Cunha Bastos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J Cunha Bastos
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Departamento de Bioquímica, Av. Manoel de Abreu 444, CEP 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Sousa FSS, Birmann PT, Balaguez R, Alves D, Brüning CA, Savegnago L. α-(phenylselanyl) acetophenone abolishes acute restraint stress induced-comorbid pain, depression and anxiety-related behaviors in mice. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:112-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Camargo A, Dalmagro AP, Rikel L, da Silva EB, Simão da Silva KAB, Zeni ALB. Cholecalciferol counteracts depressive-like behavior and oxidative stress induced by repeated corticosterone treatment in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:451-461. [PMID: 29981295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most frequent neuropsychiatric diseases in the western world and its physiological causes are not yet fully understood. Since the available antidepressants failed to provide a complete illness remission, the diversification of the therapy in the management of depression could be a useful contribution. The present study aimed to investigate the cholecalciferol capability to revert depressive-like behavior induced by chronic corticosterone (CORT) treatment in mice and its implication on the oxidative stress modulation. Sixty minutes after having orally received different doses of cholecalciferol, adult male mice were evaluated in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests, whereas in the seven-day treatment they were only tested in tail suspension. Additionally, for 21 days, the animals received CORT (20 mg/kg, p.o.) and cholecalciferol or fluoxetine, once a day for the last 7-days of the CORT treatment. Moreover, the markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl and nitrite levels were assessed in the plasma and brain's mice after the splash and tail suspension tests. It was observed that corticosterone treatment resulted in depressive-like behavior with established oxidative stress in mice, while cholecalciferol ameliorated both, behavioral (immobility time and grooming latency) and biochemical (protein carbonyl and nitrite levels) changes induced by CORT model, suggesting that cholecalciferol has antidepressant-like effect with the involvement of the oxidative stress modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Camargo
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dalmagro
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rikel
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Elizia Barbosa da Silva
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-000 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kathryn Ana Bortolini Simão da Silva
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Bertarello Zeni
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903 Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Effect of an In Vitro Digestion on the Antioxidant Capacity of a Microfiltrated Blackberry Juice (Rubus adenotrichos). BEVERAGES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages4020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Changes in the intracellular thiol-disulfide balance are considered major determinants in the redox status/signaling of the cell. Cellular signaling is very sensitive to both exogenous and intracellular redox status and respond to many exogenous pro-oxidative or oxidative stresses. Redox status has dual effects on upstream signaling systems and downstream transcription factors. Redox signaling pathways use reactive oxygen species (ROS) to transfer signals from different sources to the nucleus to regulate such functions as growth, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are activated by numerous cellular stresses and ligand-receptor bindings. An imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant system, either resulting from excessive ROS/reactive nitrogen species production and/or antioxidant system impairment, leads to oxidative stress. Glutathione (GSH) is known to play a critical role in the cellular defense against unregulated oxidative stress in mammalian cells and involvement of large molecular antioxidants include classical antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR). Cadmium (Cd), a potent toxic heavy metal, is a widespread environmental contaminant. It is known to cause renal dysfunction, hepatic toxicity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic effects depending on the dose, route, and duration of exposure. This review examines the signaling pathways and mechanisms of activation of transcription factors by Cd-induced oxidative stress thus representing an important basis for understanding the mechanisms of Cd effect on the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïd Nemmiche
- LSTPA Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of SNV, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria
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Zeni ALB, Camargo A, Dalmagro AP. Ferulic acid reverses depression-like behavior and oxidative stress induced by chronic corticosterone treatment in mice. Steroids 2017; 125:131-136. [PMID: 28733038 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Corticosterone (CORT) treatment has been evidenced to develop a depression-like state in animals, that mimic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysregulation implicated in the development of depression. The present study aimed to examine the ferulic acid (FA), a natural phenolic compound, antidepressant and antioxidant activities on the CORT chronic model. Mice orally treated with 20mg/kg of CORT for 21days were connsidered control group, while mice treated with FA (1mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10mg/kg) for the last week of CORT treatment, as drug groups. Three weeks of CORT treatment resulted in depressive-like behavior, as indicated by the increase on the immobility time in the tail suspension test, grooming in the splash test and an increase in the oxidative stress markers in the brain. It was observed that FA ameliorated the behavioral and oxidative stress alterations induced by CORT, which may plausibly suggest a mode of action for the FA antidepressant effect. The involvement of FA repairing the stress caused by HPA-axis dysfunction evidenced that this phenolic acid could be further investigated as a novel potential agent to improve the management of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Bertarello Zeni
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dalmagro
- Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP 89030-903, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Peperidou A, Pontiki E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Voulgari E, Avgoustakis K. Multifunctional Cinnamic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2017; 22:E1247. [PMID: 28757554 PMCID: PMC6152057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research to discover potential new multitarget agents led to the synthesis of 10 novel derivatives of cinnamic acids and propranolol, atenolol, 1-adamantanol, naphth-1-ol, and (benzylamino) ethan-1-ol. The synthesized molecules were evaluated as trypsin, lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation inhibitors and for their cytotoxicity. Compound 2b derived from phenoxyphenyl cinnamic acid and propranolol showed the highest lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition (IC50 = 6 μΜ) and antiproteolytic activity (IC50 = 0.425 μΜ). The conjugate 1a of simple cinnamic acid with propranolol showed the higher antiproteolytic activity (IC50 = 0.315 μΜ) and good LOX inhibitory activity (IC50 = 66 μΜ). Compounds 3a and 3b, derived from methoxylated caffeic acid present a promising combination of in vitro inhibitory and antioxidative activities. The S isomer of 2b also presented an interesting multitarget biological profile in vitro. Molecular docking studies point to the fact that the theoretical results for LOX-inhibitor binding are identical to those from preliminary in vitro study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Peperidou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Eleni Pontiki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
| | - Efstathia Voulgari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26504, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Avgoustakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio Patras 26504, Greece.
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Meristem Plant Cells as a Sustainable Source of Redox Actives for Skin Rejuvenation. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7020040. [PMID: 28498360 PMCID: PMC5485729 DOI: 10.3390/biom7020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, aggressive advertisement claimed a “magic role” for plant stem cells in human skin rejuvenation. This review aims to shed light on the scientific background suggesting feasibility of using plant cells as a basis of anti-age cosmetics. When meristem cell cultures obtained from medicinal plants are exposed to appropriate elicitors/stressors (ultraviolet, ultrasound ultraviolet (UV), ultrasonic waves, microbial/insect metabolites, heavy metals, organic toxins, nutrient deprivation, etc.), a protective/adaptive response initiates the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Highly bioavailable and biocompatible to human cells, low-molecular weight plant secondary metabolites share structural/functional similarities with human non-protein regulatory hormones, neurotransmitters, pigments, polyamines, amino-/fatty acids. Their redox-regulated biosynthesis triggers in turn plant cell antioxidant and detoxification molecular mechanisms resembling human cell pathways. Easily isolated in relatively large quantities from contaminant-free cell cultures, plant metabolites target skin ageing mechanisms, above all redox imbalance. Perfect modulators of cutaneous oxidative state via direct/indirect antioxidant action, free radical scavenging, UV protection, and transition-metal chelation, they are ideal candidates to restore photochemical/redox/immune/metabolic barriers, gradually deteriorating in the ageing skin. The industrial production of plant meristem cell metabolites is toxicologically and ecologically sustainable for fully “biological” anti-age cosmetics.
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Pohanka M, Martinkova P, Brtnicky M, Kynicky J. Changes in the oxidative stress/anti-oxidant system after exposure to sulfur mustard and antioxidant strategies in the therapy, a review. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:408-416. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1320695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pohanka
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Martinkova
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindrich Kynicky
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Umeno A, Biju V, Yoshida Y. In vivo ROS production and use of oxidative stress-derived biomarkers to detect the onset of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and diabetes. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:413-427. [PMID: 28372523 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1315114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breakthroughs in biochemistry have furthered our understanding of the onset and progression of various diseases, and have advanced the development of new therapeutics. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous in biological systems. ROS can be formed non-enzymatically by chemical, photochemical and electron transfer reactions, or as the byproducts of endogenous enzymatic reactions, phagocytosis, and inflammation. Imbalances in ROS homeostasis, caused by impairments in antioxidant enzymes or non-enzymatic antioxidant networks, increase oxidative stress, leading to the deleterious oxidation and chemical modification of biomacromolecules such as lipids, DNA, and proteins. While many ROS are intracellular signaling messengers and most products of oxidative metabolisms are beneficial for normal cellular function, the elevation of ROS levels by light, hyperglycemia, peroxisomes, and certain enzymes causes oxidative stress-sensitive signaling, toxicity, oncogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Although the underlying mechanisms of these diseases are manifold, oxidative stress caused by ROS is a major contributing factor in their onset. This review summarizes the relationship between ROS and oxidative stress, with special reference to recent advancements in the detection of biomarkers related to oxidative stress. Further, we will introduce biomarkers for the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes, with a focus on our recent work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Umeno
- a Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Takamatsu , Kagawa , Japan
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- a Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Takamatsu , Kagawa , Japan.,b Laboratory of Molecular Photonics, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10 , Kita Ward, Sapporo , Japan
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- a Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Takamatsu , Kagawa , Japan
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Thakare VN, Dhakane VD, Patel BM. Attenuation of acute restraint stress-induced depressive like behavior and hippocampal alterations with protocatechuic acid treatment in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:401-413. [PMID: 27785705 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (PCA), a phenolic compound, exhibits neuroprotective effects through improving endogenous antioxidant enzymatic and nonezymatic system. Based on the role of oxidative stress in modulating depressive disorders and the relationship between neuroprotective and antioxidant potential of PCA, we studied if its antidepressant like effect is associated by modulation of cerebral cortex and hippocampal antioxidant alterations. Acute restraint stress (ARS) is known to induce depressive like behavior by neuronal oxidative damage in mice. Swiss albino mice subjected to ARS exhibited an increased immobility time in forced swim test, elevated serum corticosterone and produced oxidative stress dependent alterations in cerebral cortex and hippocampus mainly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduced catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Treatment with PCA was able to prevent stress induced immobility time in forced swim test without altering locomotor activity in mice. Further, PCA treatment attenuated the elevation of serum corticosterone, lipid peroxidation and restored enzymatic antioxidants in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in ARS mice. Altogether, the experimental findings demonstrate the notion that PCA exhibit antidepressant like activity might be related, at least in part, to its capability of modulating antioxidant defense system and oxidative damage induced by ARS in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in mice and thus maintain the pro-/anti-oxidative homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu N Thakare
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Maharashtra, 410401, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India
| | - Valmik D Dhakane
- Research and Development, Astec Life Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
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Sun D, Jin X, Shi B, Su J, Tong M, Yan S. Dietary Yucca schidigera extract improved growth performance and liver antioxidative function in broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1302826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dengsheng Sun
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Binlin Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Junling Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Manman Tong
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Sumei Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Bagheri F, Khori V, Alizadeh AM, Khalighfard S, Khodayari S, Khodayari H. Reactive oxygen species-mediated cardiac-reperfusion injury: Mechanisms and therapies. Life Sci 2016; 165:43-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state. Nutr J 2016; 15:71. [PMID: 27456681 PMCID: PMC4960740 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 994] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable interest has risen in the idea that oxidative/nitrosative stress is mediated in the etiology of numerous human diseases. Oxidative/Nitrosative stress is the result of an disequilibrium in oxidant/antioxidant which reveals from continuous increase of Reactive Oxygen and Reactive Nitrogen Species production. The aim of this review is to emphasize with current information the importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular responce against oxidative/nitrosative stress, which would be helpful in enhancing the knowledge of any biochemist, pathophysiologist, or medical personnel regarding this important issue. Products of lipid peroxidation have commonly been used as biomarkers of oxidative/nitrosative stress damage. Lipid peroxidation generates a variety of relatively stable decomposition end products, mainly α, β-unsaturated reactive aldehydes, such as malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 2-propenal (acrolein) and isoprostanes, which can be measured in plasma and urine as an indirect index of oxidative/nitrosative stress. Antioxidants are exogenous or endogenous molecules that mitigate any form of oxidative/nitrosative stress or its consequences. They may act from directly scavenging free radicals to increasing antioxidative defences. Antioxidant deficiencies can develop as a result of decreased antioxidant intake, synthesis of endogenous enzymes or increased antioxidant utilization. Antioxidant supplementation has become an increasingly popular practice to maintain optimal body function. However, antoxidants exhibit pro-oxidant activity depending on the specific set of conditions. Of particular importance are their dosage and redox conditions in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergul Belge Kurutas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Avsar Campus, Kahramanmaras, 46050, Turkey.
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48
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Kim HS, Chin KB. Effects of Drying Temperature on Antioxidant Activities of Tomato Powder and Storage Stability of Pork Patties. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:51-60. [PMID: 27499664 PMCID: PMC4973938 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of oven-dried tomato powder (OTP) as affected by drying temperature and the effect of OTP on the product quality of pork patties. Three OTP products were obtained by drying of fresh tomato at 60, 80 and 100℃ oven until constant weight was obtained. Total phenolic content of three kinds of OTPs ranged from 1.95 to 5.94 g/100 g. The highest amount of total phenolic compound was observed in OTP dried at 100℃. Antioxidant activity of three kinds of OTPs was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging activity, iron chelating ability, reducing power and measurement of lipid peroxide in linoleic acid emulsion system. In all parameters, OTP at 100℃ showed the higher antioxidant activity than other temperatures (p<0.05). Based on the model study, the physicochemical properties, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of pork patties containing 1% OTP were measured. Redness of pork patties were increased with the addition of OTPs (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values of raw pork patties containing OTPs were lower than those of control (CTL) until 7 d of storage, regardless of drying temperatures (p<0.05). Peroxide values of pork patties made with OTP (1%) were lower than those of CTL until the end of storage time (p<0.05). However, no antimicrobial activities were observed among the treatments (p>0.05). Therefore, OTPs could be used as a natural antioxidant in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Sang Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Functional Food Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Koo Bok Chin
- Department of Animal Science and Functional Food Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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49
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Korkina L. Metabolic and redox barriers in the skin exposed to drugs and xenobiotics. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:377-88. [PMID: 26854731 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1149569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing exposure of human skin to environmental and occupational hazards, to numerous skin care/beauty products, and to topical drugs led to a biomedical concern regarding sustainability of cutaneous chemical defence that is essential for protection against intoxication. Since skin is the largest extra-hepatic drug/xenobiotic metabolising organ where redox-dependent metabolic pathways prevail, in this review, publications on metabolic processes leading to redox imbalance (oxidative stress) and its autocrine/endocrine impact to cutaneous drug/xenobiotic metabolism were scrutinised. AREAS COVERED Chemical and photo-chemical skin barriers contain metabolic and redox compartments: their protective and homeostatic functions. The review will examine the striking similarity of adaptive responses to exogenous chemical/photo-chemical stressors and endogenous toxins in cutaneous metabolic and redox system; the role(s) of xenobiotics/drugs and phase II enzymes in the endogenous antioxidant defence and maintenance of redox balance; redox regulation of interactions between metabolic and inflammatory responses in skin cells; skin diseases sharing metabolic and redox problems (contact dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, and vitiligo) EXPERT OPINION Due to exceptional the redox dependence of cutaneous metabolic pathways and interaction of redox active metabolites/exogenous antioxidants with drug/xenobiotic metabolism, metabolic tests of topical xenobiotics/drugs should be combined with appropriate redox analyses and performed on 3D human skin models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Korkina
- a Scientific Direction, Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations 'NANOLAB' , Moscow , Russia
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50
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Nikitina D, Chen Z, Vallis K, Poll A, Ainsworth P, Narod SA, Kotsopoulos J. Relationship between Caffeine and Levels of DNA Repair and Oxidative Stress in Women with and without a BRCA1 Mutation. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2015; 8:174-84. [PMID: 26670362 DOI: 10.1159/000439110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee consumption has been associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk among women with a BRCA1 mutation. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether major contributors of caffeine intake are associated with a reduction in DNA damage and/or oxidative stress in women with and without a BRCA1 mutation. METHODS Coffee, tea, soda and total caffeine consumption was collected by a dietary history questionnaire, and DNA repair capacity in lymphocytes was assessed by the comet assay (tail moments), micronucleus test (per 1,000 binucleated cells) and analysis of γ-H2AX staining (nuclear foci). The thiobarbituric acid-malondialdehyde and DTNB assays were used to estimate serum lipid peroxidation (µmol/l) and protein oxidation (µmol/l), respectively. RESULTS Among all women, high levels of caffeine and caffeinated coffee intake were associated with significantly lower levels of micronuclei (138.50 vs. 97.67, p = 0.04, and 138.12 vs. 97.70, p = 0.04). There was no significant relationship between caffeine, coffee, tea and soda intake and the other markers of DNA repair capacity and oxidative stress among all women and in analyses stratified by BRCA1 mutation status. CONCLUSION The chemopreventive effects of coffee and/or caffeine may be associated with improved capacity to efficiently repair DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Nikitina
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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