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Nunes BV, Silva VDM, Ramos ALCC, Coelho T, de Melo AC, Ferreira RMDSB, Augusti R, de Lucena RFP, Melo JOF, de Araújo RLB. Investigating the Chemical Profile of Underexplored Parts of Dipteryx alata (Baru) Using the PS-MS Technique. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1833. [PMID: 38999672 PMCID: PMC11243931 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), a fruit native to the Cerrado biome, is well-known for its almonds, which are extensively exploited and exported. Unfortunately, the remaining parts of this fruit are often discarded. This study investigates the fixed chemical constituents of the baru, including the bark, pulp, endocarp, and almonds, using the PS-MS technique in positive and negative ionization modes. Notably, this research presents the first chemical profile of baru almonds in both their raw and roasted states. The analysis identified 57 compounds reported for the first time in a baru and 24 common compounds. The majority of these compounds are classified as flavonoids. In both ionization modes, the peel exhibited a higher proportion of phenolic compounds, although the chemical compounds varied among the peel, pulp, almond, and endocarp. These findings highlight the perspective of bioeconomy and biotechnology. By staggering baru fruit production alongside extractivists, we can optimize the utilization of all parts of the fruit. Furthermore, given the knowledge of the biological properties of flavonoids and the baru composition, we recommend additional studies to analyze their potential in preventing chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Vieira Nunes
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Campus Belo Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (B.V.N.); (A.L.C.C.R.); (R.L.B.d.A.)
| | - Viviane Dias Medeiros Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Sete Lagoas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Sete Lagoas 36307-352, MG, Brazil; (V.D.M.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Ana Luiza Coeli Cruz Ramos
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Campus Belo Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (B.V.N.); (A.L.C.C.R.); (R.L.B.d.A.)
| | - Talvane Coelho
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Sete Lagoas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Sete Lagoas 36307-352, MG, Brazil; (V.D.M.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Angelita Cristine de Melo
- Curso de Farmácia, Campus Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Sete Lagoas 36307-352, MG, Brazil;
| | | | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química, Campus Belo Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Júlio Onésio Ferreira Melo
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Campus Sete Lagoas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Sete Lagoas 36307-352, MG, Brazil; (V.D.M.S.); (T.C.)
| | - Raquel Linhares Bello de Araújo
- Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Campus Belo Horizonte, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (B.V.N.); (A.L.C.C.R.); (R.L.B.d.A.)
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Kim MJ, Choi HS, Shin H, Lee JH, Kim NS, Kim H. Simultaneous Detection Method of 11 Respiratory Drug Substances Including Theobromine, Oxymetazoline, etc. in Adulterated Dietary Supplements Using Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis. J Chromatogr Sci 2024:bmae044. [PMID: 38935431 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the demand for respiratory disease-related products has surged due to the influence of coronavirus disease 2019, prompting warnings about illegal dietary supplements containing unauthorized substances. Additionally, adulterated dietary supplements are continuously detected in open markets, posing significant public health safety problem. In this study, we developed and validated an analytical method for 11 respiratory drug substances using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and proposed optimal conditions for LC-quadrupole time-of-flight MS (LC-QTOF-MS) to determine the fragmentation patterns of each substance. This method underwent thorough validation considering specificity, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, stability, etc. All results met international guidelines. These validated methods were applied to 52 dietary supplements advertised for treating respiratory diseases and enhancing respiratory function, among which one sample was found to contain 313.7 mg/g of theobromine. This determination was made by comparing the product ion ratios with the standards and subsequent quantification. To re-confirm the detected substances, their fragmentation patterns were compared with those of the standards using LC-QTOF-MS. In conclusion, the mass-based information, coupled with the LC-ESI-MS/MS method development, can be successfully applied to rapidly identify 11 respiratory drug substances in illegal dietary supplements used for respiratory disease treatment. The developed simultaneous detection method contributes to public health and safety improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Kim
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Seong Choi
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Shin
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Sook Kim
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Kim
- Advanced Analysis Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osongeup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-700, Republic of Korea
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Tega DU, Campos Oliveira LF, Ferreira PC, Soldera BB, Nascimento HDL, Eberlin MN, Sussulini A. Caffeine quantification in dietary supplements using high-throughput on-line solid phase extraction coupled to Venturi easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2678-2683. [PMID: 38623781 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Caffeine is present in a large number of beverages and is an additive used in dietary supplements. Therefore, the concern about its quality and safety for consumers has been increasing and hence requires faster and simpler analytical methods to determine the caffeine amount. The high-throughput analysis is an appropriate solution to pharmaceuticals, bioanalysis, forensic and food laboratory routines. In this sense, Venturi easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (V-EASI-MS), a specific ambient ionization source, is suitable to enable direct analysis of sample solutions in real time and is appropriate to be coupled to liquid chromatography (LC). The development of an on-line solid phase extraction system coupled to V-EASI-MS optimizes the advantages of LC-MS hyphenation by enhancing the figures of merit of the analytical method according to AOAC guidelines and simultaneously minimizing the runtime analysis to 1.5 min per sample, as well as sample preparation steps and solvent consumption, which is currently a challenge for quantitative applications of ambient ionization MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ulisses Tega
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luan Felipe Campos Oliveira
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Patrick Cesar Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Beatriz Soldera
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Heliara Dalva Lopes Nascimento
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação 930, 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies (MackGraphe), Rua da Consolação 896, 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Sussulini
- Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica (INCTBio), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Talarico IR, Bartella L, Rocio-Bautista P, Di Donna L, Molina-Diaz A, Garcia-Reyes JF. Paper spray mass spectrometry profiling of olive oil unsaponifiable fraction for commercial categories classification. Talanta 2024; 267:125152. [PMID: 37688893 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
A new method for a fast molecular profiling of olive oil unsaponifiable fraction has been developed. This approach, based on paper spray mass spectrometry, allows obtaining MS data with only a few minutes of analysis and without significant solvent and disposable consumption. Tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry experiments have been performed to identify the main ions detected. The MS data coming from the analyses of sixty-three samples of three different olive oil categories: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), virgin olive oil (VOO), and pomace olive oil (POO), have been used to test the discriminative potential. Both unsupervised (PCA and HCA) and supervised (kNN and LDA) chemometric procedures have been applied with good results in prediction. The same approach was tested using direct infusion mass spectrometry data to confirm the ability of paper spray fingerprinting to classify different olive oils correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Rosita Talarico
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, Agrinfra Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy
| | - Lucia Bartella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, Agrinfra Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy.
| | - Priscilla Rocio-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas S/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Leonardo Di Donna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, Agrinfra Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12/D, Rende, CS, I-87036, Italy
| | - Antonio Molina-Diaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas S/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan F Garcia-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas S/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain; University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
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Sánchez M, Laca A, Laca A, Díaz M. Cocoa Bean Shell: A By-Product with High Potential for Nutritional and Biotechnological Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051028. [PMID: 37237894 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa bean shell (CBS) is one of the main solid wastes derived from the chocolate industry. This residual biomass could be an interesting source of nutrients and bioactive compounds due to its high content in dietary fibres, polyphenols and methylxanthines. Specifically, CBS can be employed as a raw material for the recovery of, for example, antioxidants, antivirals and/or antimicrobials. Additionally, it can be used as a substrate to obtain biofuels (bioethanol or biomethane), as an additive in food processing, as an adsorbent and, even, as a corrosion-inhibiting agent. Together with the research on obtaining and characterising different compounds of interest from CBS, some works have focused on the employment of novel sustainable extraction methods and others on the possible use of the whole CBS or some derived products. This review provides insight into the different alternatives of CBS valorisation, including the most recent innovations, trends and challenges for the biotechnological application of this interesting and underused by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sánchez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Amanda Laca
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adriana Laca
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Cortez D, Quispe-Sanchez L, Mestanza M, Oliva M, Yoplac I, Torres C, Chavez SG. Changes in bioactive compounds during fermentation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) harvested in Amazonas-Peru. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100494. [PMID: 37095830 PMCID: PMC10121394 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) is the main raw material for the production of chocolate; it is considered the food of the gods, as it possesses a diversity of bioactive compounds beneficial to human health. The abundance of bioactive compounds, among others, is conditioned by the post-harvest processing of cocoa beans, and fermentation is a major step in this regard. Consequently, this research evaluated the changes in phenolic compounds and methylxanthines occurred in the fermentation of Criollo and CCN-51 cocoa beans, varieties of great commercial interest for the cocoa-growing areas of Peru. For this purpose, samples were taken every 12 h of cocoa beans under fermentation for 204 h in which phenols (gallic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and epicatechin) and methylxanthines (theobromine, caffeine and theophylline) were quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC); total polyphenols by Folin Ciocalteu; antioxidant capacity by DPPH free radical capture method; total anthocyanins; pH; titratable acidity; and fermentation rate of beans. We found that during fermentation, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and methylxanthines of cocoa beans decreased; on the other hand, the anthocyanin content increased slightly. Indeed, at distinctly degree, fermentation influences bioactive compounds in cocoa beans, depending on the variety cultivated.
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Paper Spray Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Assessing Oleic, Linoleic and Linolenic Acid Content in Edible Vegetable Oils. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids exert several beneficial effects on human health, some of which are also certified by recent European and U.S. regulations. The goal of the presented work was to develop an innovative methodology to evaluate their content in edible vegetable oils, in order to increase the value of oils from a nutraceutical perspective. The protocol is based on the use of paper spray ionization coupled with tandem mass spectrometry experiments, which allowed the recording of data very quickly and with high specificity. All investigated compounds gained a good linear relation (r2 higher than 0.98). Accuracy values are near 100% for all concentration levels examined, and the repeatability and reproducibility data result lower than 15%, highlighting the consistence of the methodology. The developed approach was successfully applied for the analysis of different real samples, and its robustness was confirmed by comparing the results obtained with those coming from the classical and official methodology.
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Wang M, Wang Z, Zhang J, Fei T, Zhang J. Synthesis and Properties of Bio-renewable Ionic Salts Derived from Theophylline as Green Hypergolic Fuels. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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9
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Sun Y, Fu Y, Chen R, Zhang Y, Liao T, Xi H, Sun S, Cheng Z. Profiling of volatile and non-volatile compounds in Dianhong by a combined approach of static headspace GC-MS and UPLC-MS. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2022.2136761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Sun
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rirong Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Company, Kunming, China
| | - Tougen Liao
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Company, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Cheng
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Yang H, Ma Y, Zhou L, Lin J, Hou Y, Yu B, Wang Y. Association of Coffee and Tea Consumption with Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Respiratory Disease, and their Comorbidity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200419. [PMID: 36281921 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Since associations between coffee and tea consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic respiratory disease (CRD) remain controversial. This study aims to investigate the separate and combined associations of coffee and tea consumption with CVD, CRD, and their comorbidity. METHODS AND RESULTS Within the UK Biobank, 390 039 participants (56.2 ± 8.1 years) free of CVD and CRD are included. Coffee and tea consumption are self-reported at baseline. During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 31126 CVD, 34132 CRD, and 6071 CVD-CRD comorbidity cases are identified. J-shaped associations between coffee and tea consumption with CVD, CRD, and CVD-CRD comorbidity are observed (p for nonlinearity <0.001). Compared with neither coffee nor tea consumption, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of combined consumption of moderate coffee and tea (each 2-3 cups per day) are 0.88 (0.81-0.96) for CVD, 0.78 (0.72-0.84) for CRD, and 0.74 (0.61-0.91) for CVD-CRD comorbidity. CONCLUSION Moderate consumption of coffee and tea separately or in combination are associated with lower risks of CVD, CRD, and their comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Chen
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lihui Zhou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yabing Hou
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bin Yu
- International Exchanges Department & International Education College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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Easy, rapid and high-throughput analytical sensing platform for theobromine quantification in chocolate and cocoa products based on batch injection analysis with amperometric detection. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Use of pulp, peel, and seed of Annona crassiflora Mart. in elaborating extracts for fingerprint analysis using paper spray mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Ronzheimer A, Schreiner T, Morlock GE. Multiplex planar bioassay detecting estrogens, antiestrogens, false-positives and synergists as sharp zones on normal phase. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 103:154230. [PMID: 35724612 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytoestrogens are found in many plants used in traditional medicines. Increasingly, plant extracts (botanicals) are also being added to foods or marketed as dietary supplements. Especially such powder formulations are susceptible to adulteration and falsification, given the global processing chain. To detect estrogen-like compounds in such multicomponent mixtures, non-target screening for hormonally active or endocrine disrupting compounds in plant products is becoming more important. Unfortunately, the current planar yeast estrogen screen (pYES) is prone to zone diffusion on the normal-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (NP-HPTLC) plate due to long incubation times in the aqueous bioassay. PURPOSE The present study aimed to reduce zone diffusion on NP plates, which provides the basis for extending pYES to a multiplex bioassay, offering 4 different biological activity principles, followed by targeted identification of active zones. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The reduction of substance diffusion via a polyisobutyl methacrylate polymer coating was studied. After successful zone fixation (fix), a multiplex bioassay was developed, in which a 17β-estradiol-strip was applied along each sample track to detect synergists and antagonists (A), and for verification (V), a 4-methyl umbelliferone-strip to exclude false-positives. After multiplex bioassay screening of 68 botanicals, the zones with hormonal activities were heart-cut eluted to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-DAD-HESI-HRMS/MS). RESULTS The separated substances were successfully fixed by the chromatogram coating. The zone sharpness (achieved after the bioassay) made it possible to add two strips, the 17β-estradiol-strip for antagonistic and synergistic, and the 4-methyl umbelliferone-strip for false-positive effect detection, resulting in a multiplex bioassay. Using the 12D hyphenation NP-HPTLCfix-UV/Vis/FLD-pYAVES-FLD heart-cut RP-HPLC-DAD-HESI-HRMS/MS, it was possible to obtain information on estrogens, antiestrogens, false-positives, and synergists, and (tentatively) assign 17 hormonally active compounds, of which only 7 have been known to affect the human estrogen receptor, while another 4 had structural similarity to common phytoestrogens and antiestrogens. CONCLUSIONS The streamlined 12D hyphenation including a multiplex bioassay has been shown to differentiate hormonal effects, leading to new insights and better understanding. It can generally be used to identify unknown hormonally active compounds in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ronzheimer
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Nutritional Science, Chair of Food Science, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - T Schreiner
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Nutritional Science, Chair of Food Science, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - G E Morlock
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Nutritional Science, Chair of Food Science, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Almeida Soares DD, Pereira I, Carlos Pereira Sousa J, Alves Bernardo R, Costa Simas R, Gontijo Vaz B, Rodrigues Chaves A. Bisphenol determination in UHT milk and packaging by paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 400:134014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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15
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Ramalho RR, Pereira I, da S. Lima G, dos Santos GF, Maciel LI, Simas RC, Vaz BG. Fumonisin B1 analysis in maize by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Paper Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MIP-PSI-MS). J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Agudelo C, Acevedo S, Carrillo-Hormaza L, Galeano E, Osorio E. Chemometric Classification of Colombian Cacao Crops: Effects of Different Genotypes and Origins in Different Years of Harvest on Levels of Flavonoid and Methylxanthine Metabolites in Raw Cacao Beans. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072068. [PMID: 35408468 PMCID: PMC9000445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of chemical markers in raw cacao beans in two clones (introduced and regional) in Colombia over several years. Multivariate statistical methods were used to analyze the flavanol monomers (epicatechin and catechin), flavanol oligomers (procyanidins) and methylxanthine alkaloids (caffeine and theobromine) of cocoa samples. The results identified genotype as the main factor contributing to cacao chemistry, although significant differences were not observed between universal and regional clones in PCA. The univariate analysis allowed us to establish that EET-96 had the highest contents of both flavanol monomers (13.12 ± 2.30 mg/g) and procyanidins (7.56 ± 4.59 mg/g). In addition, the geographic origin, the harvest conditions of each region and the year of harvest may contribute to major discrepancies between results. Turbo cocoa samples are notable for their higher flavanol monomer content, Chigorodó cocoa samples for the presence of both types of polyphenol (monomer and procyanidin contents) and the Northeast cocoa samples for the higher methylxanthine content. We hope that knowledge of the heterogeneity of the metabolites of interest in each clone will contribute to the generation of added value in the cocoa production chain and its sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Agudelo
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 0500100, Colombia; (C.A.); (S.A.); (L.C.-H.); (E.G.)
| | - Susana Acevedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 0500100, Colombia; (C.A.); (S.A.); (L.C.-H.); (E.G.)
| | - Luis Carrillo-Hormaza
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 0500100, Colombia; (C.A.); (S.A.); (L.C.-H.); (E.G.)
- Bioingred, Spin-Off Universidad de Antioquia, Itagüí 055412, Colombia
| | - Elkin Galeano
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 0500100, Colombia; (C.A.); (S.A.); (L.C.-H.); (E.G.)
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 0500100, Colombia; (C.A.); (S.A.); (L.C.-H.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +57-4-219-6590
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17
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UHPLC-MS Characterization, and Antioxidant and Nutritional Analysis of Cocoa Waste Flours from the Peruvian Amazon. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030595. [PMID: 35326245 PMCID: PMC8945284 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) is a food product used worldwide and a key raw material for chocolate manufacturing. Cocoa possesses bioactive compounds such as methylxanthines, flavonoids, procyanidins, and related molecules with medicinal or health-promoting properties. Cocoa shell and pod husk have been proposed as a by-product with several interesting bioactivities, and the gummy residue or glue (a sticky, gluey by-product known as “mucilage” in Spanish) is used to produce liquors and is eaten as a food in Perú. However, little is known about the chemical composition and bioactivity of flours made from Peruvian cocoa ecotype wastes such as those from the vein and pod husk of the fruits. This study aimed to characterize the in vitro antioxidant properties and nutritional values of flours made from the waste from a special ecotype of cocoa (CCN-51). The chemical fingerprinting was performed using UHPLC–HESI orbitrap mass spectrometry and allowed the detection of 51 compounds. GC-FID was used for the determination of individual fatty acid contents, and the antioxidant activity was assessed by several assays (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS). The flours obtained were composed of a good amount of dietary fiber, carbohydrates, and minerals, as well as several bioactive polyphenolic compounds, fatty acids, and amino acids with nutraceutical properties, making the flours a rich and promising food as well as a good source for the preparation of functional foods or nutraceuticals.
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18
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García-Díez E, López-Oliva ME, Caro-Vadillo A, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Pérez-Jiménez J, Ramos S, Martín MÁ. Supplementation with a Cocoa-Carob Blend, Alone or in Combination with Metformin, Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy, Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Zucker Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020432. [PMID: 35204314 PMCID: PMC8869324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the main causes of mortality among diabetic patients, with oxidative stress and inflammation major contributors to its development. Dietary flavonoids show strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, although their potential additive outcomes in combination with antidiabetic drugs have been scarcely explored. The present study investigates the cardioprotective effects of a cocoa–carob blend (CCB) diet, rich in flavonoids, alone or in combination with metformin, in the development of DCM. Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF) were fed with a CCB rich-diet or a control diet, with or without metformin for 12 weeks. Glucose homeostasis, cardiac structure and function, and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were analysed. CCB improved glucose homeostasis, and mitigated cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in ZDF rats. Mechanistically, CCB counteracted oxidative stress in diabetic hearts by down-regulating NADPH oxidases, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and modulating the sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)/ nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway, overall improving antioxidant defence. Moreover, CCB suppressed inflammatory and fibrotic reactions by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines. Noteworthy, several of these effects were further improved in combination with metformin. Our results demonstrate that CCB strongly prevents the cardiac remodelling and dysfunction observed in diabetic animals, highlighting its potential, alone or in adjuvant therapy, for treating DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Díez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alicia Caro-Vadillo
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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19
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Ekin S, Yildirim S, Akkoyun MB, Gok HN, Arihan O, Oto G, Akkoyun T, Basbugan Y, Aslan S. Theophylline attenuates bleomycin-induced oxidative stress in rats: The role of IL-6, NF-κB, and antioxidant enzymes. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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20
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Chemical and Skincare Property Characterization of the Main Cocoa Byproducts: Extraction Optimization by RSM Approach for Development of Sustainable Ingredients. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247429. [PMID: 34946510 PMCID: PMC8709444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylxanthines and polyphenols from cocoa byproducts should be considered for their application in the development of functional ingredients for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. Different cocoa byproducts were analyzed for their chemical contents, and skincare properties were measured by antioxidant assays and anti-skin aging activity. Musty cocoa beans (MC) and second-quality cocoa beans (SQ) extracts showed the highest polyphenol contents and antioxidant capacities. In the collagenase and elastase inhibition study, the highest effect was observed for the SQ extract with 86 inhibition and 36% inhibition, respectively. Among cocoa byproducts, the contents of catechin and epicatechin were higher in the SQ extract, with 18.15 mg/100 g of sample and 229.8 mg/100 g of sample, respectively. Cocoa bean shells (BS) constitute the main byproduct due to their methylxanthine content (1085 mg of theobromine and 267 mg of caffeine/100 g of sample). Using BS, various influencing factors in the extraction process were investigated by response surface methodology (RSM), before scaling up separations. The extraction process developed under optimized conditions allows us to obtain almost 2 g/min and 0.2 g/min of total methylxanthines and epicatechin, respectively. In this way, this work contributes to the sustainability and valorization of the cocoa production chain.
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21
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Nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors for detection of narrow therapeutic index drugs. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:411. [PMID: 34741213 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a comprehensive review is presented on the quantitative determination of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) by nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors. NTIDs have a narrow index between their effective doses and those at which they produce adverse toxic effects. Therefore, accurate determination of these drugs is very important for clinicians to provide a clear judgment about drug therapy for patients. Routine analytical techniques have limitations such as being expensive, laborious, and time-consuming, and need a skilled user and therefore the nano/(bio)sensing technology leads to high interest.
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22
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Cinar ZÖ, Atanassova M, Tumer TB, Caruso G, Antika G, Sharma S, Sharifi-Rad J, Pezzani R. Cocoa and cocoa bean shells role in human health: An updated review. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Jean-Marie E, Bereau D, Robinson JC. Benefits of Polyphenols and Methylxanthines from Cocoa Beans on Dietary Metabolic Disorders. Foods 2021; 10:2049. [PMID: 34574159 PMCID: PMC8470844 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Theobroma cacao L. is an ancestral cultivated plant which has been consumed by various populations throughout history. Cocoa beans are the basic material occurring in the most consumed product in the world, namely chocolate. Their composition includes polyphenols, methylxanthines, lipids and other compounds that may vary qualitatively and quantitatively according to criteria such as variety or culture area. Polyphenols and methylxanthines are known as being responsible for many health benefits, particularly by preventing cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies emphasized their positive role in dietary metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and weight gain. After a brief presentation of cocoa bean, this review provides an overview of recent research activities highlighting promising strategies which modulated and prevented gastro-intestinal metabolism dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean-Charles Robinson
- Laboratoire COVAPAM, UMR Qualisud, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France; (E.J.-M.); (D.B.)
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24
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Mazzotti F, Bartella L, Talarico IR, Napoli A, Di Donna L. High-throughput determination of flavanone-O-glycosides in citrus beverages by paper spray tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2021; 360:130060. [PMID: 34022518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A fast and accurate methodology for the quantification of the most abundant flavanone glycosides in citrus beverages has been developed. The approach relies on the use of paper spray mass spectrometry, which allows to record data in few minutes and without sample pre-treatment. The experiments have been carried out in Multiple Reaction Monitoring scan mode, in order to obtain the best specificity and sensitivity. The analytical parameters were all satisfactory. The results coming from the analysis of real samples were compared to the data obtained by the commonly used chromatographic method, proving the robustness of the proposed approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Mazzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, AGRINFRA Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Lucia Bartella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, AGRINFRA Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Ines Rosita Talarico
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, AGRINFRA Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Anna Napoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Leonardo Di Donna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; QUASIORA Laboratory, AGRINFRA Research Net, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/D, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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25
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R R, P T, D N, J W. Polypyrrole and enzyme free cholesterol flakes based composite: Selective determination of theophylline. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 199:114065. [PMID: 33848914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we demonstrated the non-enzymatic theophylline (TP) detection using nanostructured Polypyrrole (Ppy) and Cholesterol (Ch) flakes coordinated nanocomposite coated on Glassy Carbon Electrode. The higher active surface area and good mechanical stability of the Ppy integrated Ch composite exhibited better oxidation towards TP. The electron transfer across hydrogen bonding is of fundamental importance in enhancing the biochemical process in this biosensor system. Further, the scan rate analysis confirmed the quasi-reversible diffusion controlled electrochemical process. The differential pulse voltammetry report of the electrocatalyst shows a linear response of TP in the concentration range 1μM - 1 mM with detection limit of 720 nM (S/N = 3σ/b). The proposed electrochemical sensor exhibited intriguing sensing properties with good selectivity, reproducibility towards TP detection without any surface fouling. The overall analysis confirmed that the prepared nanocomposite modified electrode has quantified better accuracy towards target molecule without the aid of any bio receptors and binders in tea leaves and human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya R
- Polymer Electronics Lab, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thivya P
- Polymer Electronics Lab, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nathiya D
- Polymer Electronics Lab, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Wilson J
- Polymer Electronics Lab, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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26
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Lemarcq V, Van de Walle D, Monterde V, Sioriki E, Dewettinck K. Assessing the flavor of cocoa liquor and chocolate through instrumental and sensory analysis: a critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5523-5539. [PMID: 33605811 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1887076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The performance of appropriate instrumental and/or sensory analyses is essential to gain insights into the flavor profile of cocoa products. This three-part review is compiled of an overview of the most commonly used instrumental techniques to study cocoa liquor and chocolate flavor, their perception by a trained panel and the potential relationship between them. Each part is the result of a thorough literature study, principally focusing on the assumptions, features and limitations of these techniques. Reviewing of the literature revealed that cocoa matrix effects and methodology restraints were not always considered when instrumentally analyzing cocoa flavor. With respect to sensory analyses, various studies lacked reporting of accomplished trainings and performance of panelists. Moreover, a discrepancy was noticed in the descriptive flavor lexicon employed. Finally, when linking instrumental and sensory data, linear modeling is regularly applied, which might not always be appropriate. This review paper addresses the challenges associated with flavor assessment, intending to incite researchers to critically study cocoa flavor and apply standardized protocols and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Lemarcq
- Food Structure and Function Research Group (FSF), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davy Van de Walle
- Food Structure and Function Research Group (FSF), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cacaolab BV, Desteldonk, Belgium
| | - Viena Monterde
- Food Structure and Function Research Group (FSF), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eleni Sioriki
- Food Structure and Function Research Group (FSF), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Dewettinck
- Food Structure and Function Research Group (FSF), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cacaolab BV, Desteldonk, Belgium
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27
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Amador VS, Moreira JS, Augusti R, Orlando RM, Piccin E. Direct coupling of paper spray mass spectrometry and four-phase electroextraction sample preparation. Analyst 2021; 146:1057-1064. [PMID: 33331369 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01699c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel coupling between a four-phase electroextraction (EE) system and paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) for the extraction, pre-concentration, and direct analysis of target compounds in different samples. The approach, EE-PS-MS, is based on the sorption of analytes directly on the tip of a triangular-shaped chromatographic paper, with subsequent prompt analysis by PS-MS. Thus, no off-line extraction step is required before the PS analysis, improving the protocol efficiency and reducing the analysis time. In addition to functioning as a porous material to absorb the target compounds, the chromatographic paper also served as the support for one of the aqueous phases of the optimized four-phase electroextraction system. Extraction conditions, such as the composition of the donor and organic phases, applied electric potential, and extraction time, were optimized. Three different applications, involving biofluid, food, and water quality analysis, were evaluated as a proof-of-concept. These applications involved the determination of (i) cocaine and lidocaine in saliva, (ii) malachite green in tap water, and (iii) bisphenol A (BPA) in red wine. When compared with direct PS-MS, the novel EE-PS-MS protocol improved the sensitivities by factors ranging from 14 to 110, depending on the analyte and the sample. The electroextraction procedures were performed on a laboratory-built 66-well plate, which offered the functionality of simultaneous sample handling and, most importantly, improved analytical throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Silva Amador
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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28
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Aquino A, Mayrink Alves Pereira G, Dossi N, Piccin E, Augusti R. Reagent-Pencil and Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry: A Convenient Combination for Selective Analyses in Complex Matrixes. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:281-288. [PMID: 33176096 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments on fieldable miniature mass spectrometers require efforts to produce easy-to-use and portable alternative tools to assist in point-of-care analysis. In this paper, the reagent-pencil (RP) technology, which has been used for solvent-free deposition of reagents in paper-based microfluidics, was combined with paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS). In this approach, named RP-PS-MS, the PS triangular piece of paper was written with the reagent pencil, consisting of mixtures of graphite and bentonite (used as a support) and a reactive compound, and allowed to react with a given analyte from a sample matrix selectively. We conducted typical applications as proof-of-principles to verify the methodology's general usefulness in detecting small organic molecules in distinct samples. Hence, various aldehydes (2-furaldehyde, valeraldehyde, and benzaldehyde) in spiked cachaça samples (an alcoholic drink produced from fermentation/distillation of sugarcane juice) were promptly detected using a reagent pencil doped with 4-aminophenol (the reactive compound). Similarly, we recognized typical ginsenosides and triacylglycerols (TAGs) in ginseng aqueous infusions and soybean oil samples, respectively, using lithium chloride as the reactive compound. The results indicate that the reagent-pencil methodology is compatible with PS-MS and provides an easy and fast way to detect target analytes in complex samples. The advantage over the usual solution-based deposition of reagents lies in the lack of preparation or carrying different specific solutions for special applications, which can simplify operation, especially in point-of-care analysis with fieldable mass spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Aquino
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mayrink Alves Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, I-33100, Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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29
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Nia NA, Foroughi MM, Jahani S. Simultaneous determination of theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine using a modified electrode with petal-like MnO2 nanostructure. Talanta 2021; 222:121563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Battistini A, Materazzi S. Development of a "single-click" analytical platform for the detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43394-43399. [PMID: 35519692 PMCID: PMC9058129 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07142k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an innovative screening platform is developed and validated for the on site detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil, for food safety control of commercial products. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that permits processing samples in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click the early detection of a residual amount of cannabinoids in oil, including cannabidiol (CBD), the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Simulated samples were realized to instruct the platform and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using partial least square regression algorithms. Once calibrated, the platform was used to predict samples acquired in the market and on websites. Validation of the system was achieved by comparing results with those obtained from GC-MS analyses and a good correlation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
| | - Alfredo Battistini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di Politiche e Bioeconomia via Pò 14 00198 Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
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Duan Y, Wang A, Ding Y, Li L, Duan D, Lin J, Yu C, Liu J. Fabrication of poly-sulfosalicylic acid film decorated pure carbon fiber as electrochemical sensing platform for detection of theophylline. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113663. [PMID: 33053505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we integrated the superiority of good conductivity, large surface area of carbon fibers and the catalytic property, good biocompatibility of polymer sulfosalicylic acid to construct a novel electrochemical sensor to detect theophylline in drug analysis. The morphology of nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The polymerization between monomers was observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The composite between carbon material and polymer was verified by Raman spectrum. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the concentration of theophylline (0.6∼137 μM) and the peak current value revealed a good linear relationship and the limit of detection as low as 0.2 μM. In addition, the proposed sensor exhibits repeatability, stability and ease of selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Anqing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yaping Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Dingding Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chenhong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jiayifan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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Bartella L, Di Donna L, Napoli A, Sindona G, Mazzotti F. Paper spray tandem mass spectrometry: A rapid approach for the assay of parabens in cosmetics and drugs. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4526. [PMID: 32567096 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A fast methodology for the assay of parabens in drug and cosmetic preparations has been presented. The procedure developed is based on paper spray tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution approach. For each investigated paraben, the corresponding labeled standard has been used in order to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the analyses. The MS experiments have been performed under MRM conditions, monitoring the transitions [M-H]- → m/z 92 and [M-H]- → m/z 98, respectively, for each analyte and the corresponding labeled internal standard. The quantitative assay has been performed using a calibration curve built from 2 to 15 mg/L. The method accuracy, in all case near 100%, was evaluated using fortified samples at two concentration levels, which are representative of the lower and the higher portion of calibration curve. The good values of LOQ, LOD, and reproducibility confirm the consistency of the developed approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Bartella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, I87036, Italy
| | - Leonardo Di Donna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, I87036, Italy
| | - Anna Napoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, I87036, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sindona
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, I87036, Italy
| | - Fabio Mazzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, Arcavacata di Rende, I87036, Italy
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A split aptamer sensing platform for highly sensitive detection of theophylline based on dual-color fluorescence colocalization and single molecule photobleaching. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 166:112461. [PMID: 32745928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A new split aptamer sensing platform is developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of theophylline based on single molecule photobleaching (SMPB) technique. The sensing system contains two probes. One is formed by one streptavidin and four biotinylated RNA fragments labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Each biotinylated RNA fragment contains two repeating aptamer fragments. The other probe is the complementary aptamer fragment labelled with Cy5 dye. The existence of theophylline can trigger the first probe to bind as many as eight Cy5-labelled probes. The average combined number depends on the theophylline concentration and can be measured by SMPB technique. In the sensing system, the dual-color fluorescence colocalization is performed by the red fluorophore (Cy5) and green fluorophore (FITC), in which the red fluorophore is utilized for quantitative counting of photobleaching steps, while the green fluorophore serves as a counting reference to increase detection efficiency. On basis of the principle, an ultra-sensitive sensing platform of theophylline is created with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.092 nM. This work provides not only a highly sensitive method for theophylline detection but also a novel perspective for the applications of SMPB technology to construct biosensors.
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Valverde García D, Pérez Esteve É, Barat Baviera JM. Changes in cocoa properties induced by the alkalization process: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2200-2221. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damián Valverde García
- Departamento de Tecnología de AlimentosUniversitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Édgar Pérez Esteve
- Departamento de Tecnología de AlimentosUniversitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
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Kilele JC, Chokkareddy R, Rono N, Redhi GG. A novel electrochemical sensor for selective determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical formulations. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Díaz-Liñán MC, García-Valverde MT, López-Lorente AI, Cárdenas S, Lucena R. Silver nanoflower-coated paper as dual substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and ambient pressure mass spectrometry analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3547-3557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Moura ACM, Lago IN, Cardoso CF, dos Reis Nascimento A, Pereira I, Vaz BG. Rapid monitoring of pesticides in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during pre-harvest intervals by paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 310:125938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Solvent and temperature effect of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) coupled with ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC-PDA) for the determination of methyl xanthines in commercial tea and coffee. Food Chem 2019; 311:126021. [PMID: 31864182 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methyl xanthines (MX), known for its psychostimulant effect, occurs mostly in tea and coffee samples. However most of the market available products does not mention the proper amount and quality of MX present where, its consumption in high amount may pose health risks. AIM OF THE STUDY To develop and validate a fast, efficient and reliable method of MX extraction along with a sensitive, rapid and precise method for simultaneous analysis of MX i.e. Theobromine (TB), Theophylline (TH) and Caffeine (C), with application in commercial tea and coffee samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) was utilized for the first time to extract MX, whereas UHPLC-DAD was applied in order to quantify MX. RESULTS ASE resulted a high extract yield (940.22 ± 192.28 mg/g) with optimized conditions of temperature (100 °C) and solvent (MeOH). UHPLC-DAD showed retention time (min) of 1.51 (TB), 1.81 (TH), 2.30 (C) with r2 values (0.980-0.988). Average MX (μg/mL) was as; TB (14.73 ± 20.9), TH (32.05 ± 55.5), C (121.87 ± 32.3). The method application in commercial samples showed a high extract yield with MX concentration (mg/g) as; TB (0.13-0.38), TH (0-0.55), C (7.14-11.20). Temperature and solvent variation showed important correlation with samples in terms of extraction yield. CONCLUSION ASE-UHPLC/DAD revealed a fast and sensitive method of MX extraction, quantification and quality determination in market available tea and coffee samples.
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High-throughput determination of vitamin E in extra virgin olive oil by paper spray tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2885-2890. [PMID: 30899998 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil provides an important intake of α-tocopherol, which is part of vitamin E complex. A fast analytical method for its quantification, based on paper spray mass spectrometry, has been developed. The methodology possesses the ability to record mass spectra without sample preparation or preseparation steps. The experiments were performed in Multiple Reaction Monitoring scan mode; in particular, the transitions m/z 429 → m/z 163 for α-tocopherol and m/z 435 → m/z 169 for the labeled internal standard were monitored, in order to obtain the greatest specificity and the best sensitivity. The accuracy of the method was tested analyzing spiked samples prepared at concentrations within the dynamic range of the calibration curve, which returned values near 100%. Furthermore, good values of LOQ and LOD were obtained, demonstrating that this approach can be applied for a rapid screening of tocopherols in different vegetable oils. The results were compared with analyses performed by traditional chromatographic methods. Graphical abstract.
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