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Chai W, Wu Y, Li X, Zeng S, Cheng Y, Jiang W, Pan Q, Xia X, Chen G. Relationships between degree of polymerization and activities: A study on condensed tannins from the bark of Ficus altissima. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133306. [PMID: 38909729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Condensed tannins were isolated from the bark of Ficus altissima and fractionated into four subcomponents on a Sephadex LH-20 column with 60 %, 80 %, 100 % methanol, and 70 % acetone, separately. Their structures were characterized by MALDI-TOF MS coupled with HPLC-ESI-MS and confirmed to be polymers of B-type procyanidin glucosides, procyanidins, and prodelphinidin glucosides. The degree of polymerization (DP) of these polymers was as high as 21, and the mDPs of the four subcomponents were calculated as 2.4, 6.6, 10.5 and 13.4, respectively. They competitively or noncompetitively suppressed the activities of tyrosinase and α-glucosidase through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. And they also showed a powerful antioxidative activity. Correlation analyses verified that the anti-tyrosinase capacity exhibited a significant positive correlation (R2monophenolase = 0.9167 and R2diphenolase = 0.9302) with mDP within the methanol-water system, and the anti-α-glucosidase activity also showed a significant positive correlation with the mDP (R2 = 0.9187). In contrast, the antioxidant capability showed a significant negative correlation with the mDP (R2DPPH = 0.9258, R2ABTS = 0.9372). This study confirmed that condensed tannins from the bark of F. altissima were desirable anti-tyrosinase, anti-α-glucosidase, and antioxidant agents, and elucidated the relationships of their mDP (molecular weight) and activities, which provided a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of these polymers in the food, cosmetics, medicine and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Chai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
| | - Yifeng Wu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Shanmei Zeng
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Wumei Jiang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Qiuxia Pan
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Xiaolei Xia
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Guanghua Chen
- Jiangxi Guangya Food Co., Ltd, Le 'an, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 330022, China
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2
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Jiang SL, Hu ZY, Sui HY, Huang T, Han L, Hu CM, Xu XT, Shi JH, Chu C. Comprehending the inhibition mechanism of indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds on α-glucosidase: Spectral and theoretical approaches. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133489. [PMID: 38964679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase and control the concentration of blood glucose. In this paper, the characteristics of three indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds with different inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase as well as the interaction with α-glucosidase were studied by experiments and computational simulation techniques. Enzyme kinetic and spectral experiments showed that the indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds were able to inhibit enzyme activity through mixed inhibition dominated by competitive inhibition, and during the binding reaction, indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase through static quenching and an aggregation of the indole-based bis-acylhydrazone with α-glucosidase produces a stable complex with a molar ratio of 1:1, and the combination of indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds could lead to slight change in the conformation of α-glucosidase. The theoretical simulation demonstrated that the stability of the complex systems was positively correlated with the inhibitory activity of indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds, and the indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compounds occupied the active site in the multi-ligand system, resulting in a significant decrease in the binding ability of starch to active amino acids. These results suggested that indole-based bis-acylhydrazone compound was expected to be a new type of α-glucosidase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Liang Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Zhe-Ying Hu
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Huan-Yu Sui
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Teng Huang
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liang Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chun-Mei Hu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Jie-Hua Shi
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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3
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Sadeghi M, Miroliaei M, Ghanadian M. Drug repurposing for diabetes mellitus: In silico and in vitro investigation of DrugBank database for α-glucosidase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132164. [PMID: 38729474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The process of developing novel compounds/drugs is arduous, time-intensive, and financially burdensome, characterized by a notably low success rate and relatively high attrition rates. To alleviate these challenges, compound/drug repositioning strategies are employed to predict potential therapeutic effects for DrugBank-approved compounds across various diseases. In this study, we devised a computational and enzyme inhibitory mechanistic approach to identify promising compounds from the pool of DrugBank-approved substances targeting Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Molecular docking analyses were employed to validate the binding interaction patterns and conformations of the screened compounds within the active site of α-glucosidase. Notably, Asp352 and Glu277 participated in interactions within the α-glucosidase-ligand complexes, mediated by conventional hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, respectively. The stability of the docked complexes (α-glucosidase-compounds) was scrutinized through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Subsequent in vitro analyses assessed the therapeutic potential of the repositioned compounds against α-glucosidase. Kinetic studies revealed that "Forodesine" exhibited a lower IC50 (0.24 ± 0.04 mM) compared to the control, and its inhibitory pattern corresponds to that of competitive inhibitors. In-depth in silico secondary structure content analysis detailed the interactions between Forodesine and α-glucosidase, unveiling significant alterations in enzyme conformation upon binding, impacting its catalytic activity. Overall, our findings underscore the potential of Forodesine as a promising candidate for DM treatment through α-glucosidase inhibition. Further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies is imperative to confirm the therapeutic benefits of Forodesine in conformational diseases such as DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sadeghi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehran Miroliaei
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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4
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Jiang TT, Zhai LL, Wang ZJ, Wang XY, Li JN, Zhai YJ, Li D, Han WB. Polyketides with α-glucosidase inhibitory and neuroprotective activities from Aspergillus versicolor associated with Pedicularis sylvatica. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4179-4189. [PMID: 38716654 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00316k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus versicolor, an endophytic fungus associated with the herbal medicine Pedicularis sylvatica, produced four new polyketides, aspeversins A-D (1-2 and 5-6) and four known compounds, O-methylaverufin (2), aversin (3), varilactone A (7) and spirosorbicillinol A (8). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, and their absolute configurations were determined by calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and Mo2(AcO)4-induced CD data. Compound 5 was found to exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 25.57 μM. An enzyme kinetic study indicated that 5 was a typical uncompetitive inhibitor toward α-glucosidase, which was supported by a molecular docking study. Moreover, compounds 1-3 and 5 also improved the cell viability of PC12 cells on a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced Parkinson's disease model, indicating their neuroprotective potential as antiparkinsonian agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang-Liang Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zi-Jue Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Nan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Jie Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ding Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Bo Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wu S, Dong C, Zhang M, Cheng Y, Cao X, Yang B, Li C, Peng X. Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effect of Red Yeast Rice: Perspectives from the Inhibition of α-Glucosidase and the Anti-Glycation Capability by Ankaflavin and Monascin. Foods 2024; 13:1573. [PMID: 38790873 PMCID: PMC11120408 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Red yeast rice dietary supplements have been proven to ameliorate hyperglycemia, but the mechanism was unclear. In this work, ankaflavin (AK) and monascin (MS), as typical pigments derived from red yeast rice, were found to exert noteworthy inhibitory ability against α-glucosidase, with an IC50 of 126.5 ± 2.5 and 302.6 ± 2.5 μM, respectively, compared with acarbose (IC50 = 341.3 ± 13.6 μM). They also exhibited mixed-type inhibition of α-glucosidase in vitro and caused fluorescence quenching through the static-quenching process. Molecular-docking studies indicated that AK and MS bind to amino acid residues outside the catalytic center, which induces structural changes in the enzyme, thus influencing its catalytic activity. The anti-glycation ability of Monascus-fermented products was evaluated, and they exhibited a high inhibition rate of 87.1% in fluorescent advanced glycation end-product formation at a concentration of 0.2 mg mL-1, while aminoguanidine showed a rate of 75.7% at the same concentration. These results will be significant in broadening the application scope of Monascus pigments, especially AK and MS, in treating type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.W.)
| | - Changyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.W.)
| | - Meihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.W.)
| | - Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.W.)
| | - Xiaobo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.W.)
| | - Benxu Yang
- Tianjin Lida Food Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300393, China
| | - Chao Li
- Tianjin Food Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300074, China
| | - Xin Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Xu Z, Hileuskaya K, Kraskouski A, Yang Y, Huang Z, Zhao Z. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity and intestinal glucose transport to assess the in vivo anti-hyperglycemic potential of dodecyl-acylated phlorizin and polydatin derivatives. Food Funct 2024; 15:4785-4804. [PMID: 38511466 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05233h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
A diet containing natural active compounds that can inhibit the hydrolytic activity of α-glucosidase on carbohydrates and intestinal glucose absorption is an effective means of controlling postprandial hyperglycemia. Phlorizin and polydatin as phenolic glycosides have a high affinity for the catalytic site of α-glucosidase, but exhibited unsatisfactory competitive inhibitory capacity, with an IC50 of 0.97 and >2 mM, respectively. However, dodecyl-acylated derivatives of phlorizin and polydatin exerted α-glucosidase inhibitory capacity, with an IC50 of 55.10 and 70.95 μM, respectively, which were greatly enhanced and much stronger than that of acarbose with an IC50 of 2.46 mM. The SPR assay suggested the high affinity of dodecyl phlorizin and dodecyl polydatin to α-glucosidase with equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) values of 12.0 and 7.9 μM, respectively. Both dodecyl phlorizin and dodecyl polydatin reduced the catalytic ability of α-glucosidase by reversible noncompetitive and uncompetitive mixed inhibition, which bind noncovalently to the allosteric site 2 through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, thereby inducing the secondary structure unfolding and intrinsic fluorescence quenching of α-glucosidase. Confocal microscopy detection visually showed significant inhibitory effects on FITC-labeled glucose uptake in intestinal Caco-2 cells by phlorizin, polydatin, dodecyl phlorizin and dodecyl polydatin. In addition, based on the differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayer model, dodecyl phlorizin and dodecyl polydatin suppressed intestinal glucose transport more effectively than phlorizin and polydatin, suggesting that they were promising in vivo hypoglycemic active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Kseniya Hileuskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Aliaksandr Kraskouski
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Yujiao Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhe Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhengang Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Li Y, Wang X, Guo X, Wei L, Cui H, Wei Q, Cai J, Zhao Z, Dong J, Wang J, Liu J, Xia Z, Hu Z. Rapid screening of the novel bioactive peptides with notable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity by UF-LC-MS/MS combined with three-AI-tool from black beans. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130982. [PMID: 38522693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to propose a rapid method to screen the bioactive peptides with anti-α-glucosidase activity instead of traditional multiple laborious purification and identification procedures. 242 peptides binding to α-glycosidase were quickly screened and identified by bio-affinity ultrafiltration combined with LC-MS/MS from the double enzymatic hydrolysate of black beans. Top three peptides with notable anti-α-glucosidase activity, NNNPFKF, RADLPGVK and FLKEAFGV were further rapidly screened and ranked by the three artificial intelligence tools (three-AI-tool) BIOPEP database, PeptideRanker and molecular docking from the 242 peptides. Their IC50 values were in order as 4.20 ± 0.11 mg/mL, 2.83 ± 0.03 mg/mL, 1.32 ± 0.09 mg/mL, which was opposite to AI ranking, for the hydrophobicity index of the peptides was not included in the screening criteria. According to the kinetics, FT-IR, CD and ITC analyses, the binding of the three peptides to α-glucosidase is a spontaneous and irreversible endothermic reaction that results from hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, which mainly changes the α-helix structure of α-glucosidase. The peptide-activity can be evaluated vividly by AFM in vitro. In vivo, the screened FLKEAFGV and RADLPGVK can lower blood sugar levels as effectively as acarbose, they are expected to be an alternative to synthetic drugs for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinlei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xumeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lulu Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haichen Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingkai Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Ningxiahong Gouqi Industry Company Limited, Zhongwei 755100, China
| | - Jianfang Dong
- Ningxiahong Gouqi Industry Company Limited, Zhongwei 755100, China
| | - Jiashu Wang
- Ningxiahong Gouqi Industry Company Limited, Zhongwei 755100, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Ningxiahong Gouqi Industry Company Limited, Zhongwei 755100, China
| | - Zikun Xia
- Hanyin County Inspection and Testing Center, China
| | - Zhongqiu Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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8
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Abudurexiti A, Abdurahman A, Zhang R, Zhong Y, Lei Y, Qi S, Hou W, Ma X. Screening of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet Extracts and Study of Interaction Mechanisms. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19401-19417. [PMID: 38708260 PMCID: PMC11064185 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet (CGB) extract has an α-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 59.34 ± 0.07 μg/mL, positive control drug acarbose IC50 = 126.1 ± 0.02 μg/mL), but the precise enzyme inhibitors implicated in this process are not known. The screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in CGB extracts was conducted by bioaffinity ultrafiltration, and six potential inhibitors (quercetin, lactucin, 3-O-methylquercetin, hyperoside, lactucopicrin, and isochlorogenic acid B) were screened as the precise inhibitors. The binding rate calculations and evaluation of enzyme inhibitory effects showed that lactucin and lactucopicrin exhibited the greatest inhibitory activities. Next, the inhibiting effects of the active components of CGB, lactucin and lactucopicrin, on α-glucosidase and their mechanisms were investigated through α-glucosidase activity assay, enzyme kinetics, multispectral analysis, and molecular docking simulation. The findings demonstrated that lactucin (IC50 = 52.76 ± 0.21 μM) and lactucopicrin (IC50 = 17.71 ± 0.64 μM) exhibited more inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase in comparison to acarbose (positive drug, IC50 = 195.2 ± 0.30 μM). Enzyme kinetic research revealed that lactucin inhibits α-glucosidase through a noncompetitive inhibition mechanism, while lactucopicrin inhibits it through a competitive inhibition mechanism. The fluorescence results suggested that lactucin and lactucopicrin effectively reduce the fluorescence of α-glucosidase by creating lactucin-α-glucosidase and lactucopicrin-α-glucosidase complexes through static quenching. Furthermore, the circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses revealed that the interaction between lactucin or lactucopicrin and α-glucosidase resulted in a modification of the α-glucosidase's conformation. The findings from molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations offer further confirmation that lactucopicrin has a robust binding affinity for certain residues located within the active cavity of α-glucosidase. Furthermore, it has a greater affinity for α-glucosidase compared to lactucin. The results validate the suppressive impact of lactucin and lactucopicrin on α-glucosidase and elucidate their underlying processes. Additionally, they serve as a foundation for the structural alteration of sesquiterpene derived from CGB, with the intention of using it for the management of diabetic mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Yewei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Yi Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Shuwen Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xin Jiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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9
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Czubinski J, Dwiecki K. Effect of different oligomerization assemblies of γ-conglutin on its interaction behavior with vitexin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3381-3391. [PMID: 38100295 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several different factors underlie the molecular mechanisms of phenolic compound-protein interactions. They include the environmental conditions. In the case of γ-conglutin, pH conditions translate directly into the adoption of two distinct oligomeric assemblies, i.e. hexameric (pH 7.5) or monomeric (pH 4.5). This paper reports research on the pH-dependent oligomerization of γ-conglutin in terms of its ability to form complexes with a model flavonoid (vitexin). RESULTS Fluorescence-quenching thermodynamic measurements indicate that hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, and van der Waals interactions are the main driving forces involved in the complex formation. The interaction turned out to be a spontaneous and exothermic process. Assessment of structural composition (secondary structure changes and arrangement/dynamics of aromatic amino acids), molecular size, and the thermal stability of the different oligomeric forms showed that γ-conglutin in a monomeric state was less affected by vitexin during the interaction. CONCLUSION The data show precisely how environmental conditions might influence phenolic compound-protein complex formation directly. This knowledge is essential for the preparation of food products containing γ-conglutin. The results can contribute to a better understanding of the detailed fate of this unique health-promoting lupin seed protein after its intake. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Czubinski
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dwiecki
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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10
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Zhang F, Liu J, Chen Z, Wang E, Li C, Cheng J, Shen J, Xu Z. Multienzyme cascades analysis of α-glucosidase by oxygen deficient MoO 3-x. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1293:342271. [PMID: 38331555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the enzymatic cascade reactions during the cellular process are widely used for fabricating robust biosensors and they have attracted extensive attention in analyzing various clinical biomarkers. The enzymatic cascades analysis is commonly based on the peroxidase (POD)/oxidase coupled system. However, the requirement of harsh acidic environment, poor stability and interference from the oxidase further limit their analytical practicability. Herein, novel chromogenic nanomaterials with H2O2 sensitive features are urgently required to replace the POD nanozyme in enzymatic cascades based bioanalysis. RESULTS Herein, oxygen deficient MoO3-x with H2O2 sensitive features and near-infrared (NIR) absorption band have been ultra-fast synthesized and utilized for the enzymatic cascades analysis of α-Glucosidase's activity, and inhibitors screening. With the addition of 4-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside, the simultaneous presence of α-Glucosidase and glucose oxidase (GOx) would fade their dark blue color and decrease the NIR absorption. The α-Glucosidase's activity can be analyzed by the absorption at 770 nm, and their limit of detection is 8 × 10-5 U/mL, indicating the superior performance of the proposed colorimetric assay. Moreover, this proposed α-Glucosidase assay is further utilized for inhibitors screening. Moreover, the activity of α-Glucosidase can also be analyzed by the smartphone and microplate reader through the agarose-based colorimetric portable kit. SIGNIFICANCE This MoO3-x involved enzymatic cascades assay would facilitate for the development of bio-analysis related to H2O2 generation or consumption. Moreover, this bio-analysis strategy will contribute to the development of other H2O2 sensitive chromogenic nanomaterials for the analysis of certain biomolecules and biological enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxian Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Zhi Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Erjing Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Cao Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China
| | - Jiaji Cheng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
| | - Jie Shen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Ziqiang Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, College of Health Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, PR China.
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11
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Gan T, Xing Q, Li N, Deng Z, Pan C, Liu X, Zheng L. Protective Effect of Vitexin Against IL-17-Induced Vascular Endothelial Inflammation Through Keap1/Nrf2-Dependent Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300331. [PMID: 38299432 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Vitexin, a C-glycosylated flavonoid, is abundant in food sources and has potential health-beneficial properties. However, the targets for its beneficial effects remain largely unknown. This study aims to establish an in vitro cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation and explore the antiinflammatory mechanism of vitexin. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-dose TNFα and IL-17 are combined to establish a cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation. Cell-based studies show that low-dose TNFα (1 ng mL-1) alone has a slight effect, but its combination with IL-17 can potently induce protein expression of inflammatory cytokines, leading to an inflammatory state. However, the vascular inflammation caused by low-dose TNF plus IL-17 does not lead to oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) does not involved in developing this inflammation. Vitexin can be absorbed by human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells to increase the Nrf2 protein level and attenuate inflammation. In addition, the antiinflammatory effect of vitexin is blocked by the knockdown of Nrf2. Further localized surface plasmon resonance, drug affinity responsive target stability, and molecular docking demonstrate that vitexin can directly interact with Keap1 to disrupt Keap1-Nrf2 interaction and thus activate Nrf2. Treatment of mice with a bolus oral gavage of vitexin (100 mg kg-1 body weight) or a high-fat diet supplemented with vitexin (5 mg kg-1 body weight per day) for 12 weeks confirms the rapid increase in blood vitexin levels and subsequent incorporation into blood vessels to activate Nrf2 and ameliorate inflammation in vivo. CONCLUSION The findings provide a reliable cell model of vascular low-grade inflammation and indicate Nrf2 protein as the potential target of vitexin to inhibit vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Qian Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Changxuan Pan
- Inspection and Quarantine and Epidemic Prevention and Control Center of Daxing District Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Beijing, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Xiaoru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China
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12
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Jiang J, Fan H, Zhou J, Qin J, Qin Z, Chen M, Shen Y, Liu X. In vitro inhibitory effect of five natural sweeteners on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Food Funct 2024; 15:2234-2248. [PMID: 38318730 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05234f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A promising and efficacious approach to manage diabetes is inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. Therefore, the inhibitory activities of five natural sweeteners (mogrosides (Mog), stevioside (Ste), glycyrrhizinic acid (GA), crude trilobatin (CT), and crude rubusoside (CR)) against α-glucosidase and α-amylase and their interactions were evaluated in vitro using enzyme kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and molecular docking. The inhibitor sequence was CT > GA > Ste, as GA competitively inhibited α-glycosidase activity while CT and Ste exhibited mixed inhibitory effects. Compared to a positive control acarbose, the inhibitory activity of CT was higher. For α-amylase, the mixed inhibitors CT, CR, and Mog and the competitive inhibitor Ste effectively inhibited the enzyme, with the following order: CT > CR > Ste > Mog; nevertheless, the inhibitors were slightly inferior to acarbose. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra depicted that GA, CT, and CR bound to the hydrophobic cavity of α-glucosidase or α-amylase and changed the polarity of the hydrophobic amino acid-based microenvironment and structure of the polypeptide chain backbone. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that GA, CT, and CR could disrupt the secondary structure of α-glucosidase or α-amylase, which decreased enzyme activity. GA, trilobatin and rubusoside bound to amino acid residues through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, changing the conformation of enzyme molecules to decrease the enzymatic activity. Thus, CT, CR and GA exhibit promising inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase and α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiequn Jiang
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Heliang Fan
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jingkai Qin
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongyi Qin
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mei Chen
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Light and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Deep Processing and Safety Control for Specialty Agricultural Products in Guangxi Universities, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530004, China
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Yang QQ, He SB, Zhang YL, Li M, You XH, Xiao BW, Yang L, Yang ZQ, Deng HH, Chen W. A colorimetric sensing strategy based on chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles for quick detection of α-glucosidase activity and inhibitor screening. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05198-9. [PMID: 38358531 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase (α-Glu) is implicated in the progression and pathogenesis of type II diabetes (T2D). In this study, we developed a rapid colorimetric technique using platinum nanoparticles stabilized by chitosan (Ch-PtNPs) to detect α-Glu activity and its inhibitor. The Ch-PtNPs facilitate the conversion of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into oxidized TMB (oxTMB) in the presence of dissolved O2. The catalytic hydrolysis of 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid (AA-2G) by α-Glu produces ascorbic acid (AA), which reduces oxTMB to TMB, leading to the fading of the blue color. However, the presence of α-Glu inhibitors (AGIs) hinders the generation of AA, allowing Ch-PtNPs to re-oxidize colorless TMB back to blue oxTMB. This unique phenomenon enables the colorimetric detection of α-Glu activity and AGIs. The linear range for α-Glu was found to be 0.1-1.0 U mL-1 and the detection limit was 0.026 U mL-1. Additionally, the half-maximal inhibition value (IC50) for acarbose, an α-Glu inhibitor, was calculated to be 0.4769 mM. Excitingly, this sensing platform successfully detected α-Glu activity in human serum samples and effectively screened AGIs. These promising findings highlight the potential application of the proposed strategy in clinical diabetes diagnosis and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qin Yang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Shao-Bin He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Min Li
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Xiu-Hua You
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Bo-Wen Xiao
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Hao-Hua Deng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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14
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Kukavica B, Škondrić S, Trifković T, Mišić D, Gašić U, Topalić-Trivunović L, Savić A, Velemir A, Davidović-Plavšić B, Šešić M, Lukić N. Comparative polyphenolic profiling of five ethnomedicinal plants and their applicative potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117377. [PMID: 37939910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The medicinal plants Salvia officinalis, Trifolium pratense, Agrimonia eupatoria, Cichorium intybus and Vinca minor are traditionally used for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, including diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common diseases nowadays, often accompanied by oxidative stress and microbial infections. The aim of our work was to examine the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of ethanol extracts of five medicinal plants for the purpose of their possible use in the treatment of T2D. MATERIALS AND METHODS The polyphenolic profile of the plant extracts was analyzed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography with a diode array detector configured with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC/DAD/(-)HESI-MS2). In vitro antidiabetic activity of extracts was determined by measuring the percentage of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by different spectrophotometric methods, while the antimicrobial activity was determined by agar dilution and disc diffusion methods. RESULTS A. eupatoria extract contains the highest percentage of flavonoids (94%, with isoquercetin, vitexin, and rutin as the most abundant) in relation to the concentration of total phenolic compounds and exhibits excellent antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity. S. officinalis extract contains 60% flavonoids (predominately cirsimaritin and epigallocatechin gallate) and 40% phenolic acids (with rosmarinic acid being the most abundant from this group) and exhibits weak antidiabetic activity, significant antioxidant activity, and excellent antibacterial activity. A 45% percentage of flavonoids (with isoquercetin as the most abundant one) and 55% of phenolic acids (with ferulic acid as the most abundant) were measured in the extract of T. pratense, which had excellent antidiabetic activity but weaker antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. A similar percentage of flavonoids (52%, with epigallocatechin gallate in the highest concentration) and phenolic acids (48%, with chlorogenic acid as the most abundant) was measured in the extract of C. intybus which showed moderate antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The extract of V. minor was the richest in phenolic acids (80%, with the most abundant chlorogenic acid), which resulted in weaker antidiabetic and antioxidant activities (except for Fe2+ chelating ability) and antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSION The results indicate that specific phenolic compounds are responsible for the different biological activities of the plant extracts. Among the investigated plants, the extract of A. eupatoria has the greatest potential for applications in the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Kukavica
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Siniša Škondrić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Tanja Trifković
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Danijela Mišić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" Natonal Institute of Republic of Serbia, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Gašić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" Natonal Institute of Republic of Serbia, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ljiljana Topalić-Trivunović
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, Vojvode Stepe Stepanovića 75, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Aleksandar Savić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, Vojvode Stepe Stepanovića 75, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Ana Velemir
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, Vojvode Stepe Stepanovića 75, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Biljana Davidović-Plavšić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Milica Šešić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Nataša Lukić
- University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg 2, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Forestry, Bulevar vojvode Stepe Stepanovića 75a, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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15
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Xu X, Cao Q, Yuan J, Tong P, Li X, Yang A, Wu Z, Liu X, Chen H, Gao J. Shedding light on the interaction of ovalbumin and resveratrol: structure, digestibility, transport, and allergenicity assessment of OVA-RES complexes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1645-1655. [PMID: 37850306 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between food allergens and plant polyphenols has become a safe and effective management strategy to prevent food allergies. Ovalbumin (OVA) is the most abundant allergen in egg whites. Resveratrol (RES) is a plant polyphenol that is abundant in red grapes, berries, and peanuts, and has an anti-allergic effect on allergy-related immune cells. However, there is little information about the effect of RES on the allergenicity of OVA. In this study, the effect of RES on the allergenicity of OVA was investigated. RESULTS Molecular docking and spectroscopic studies indicated that the addition of RES changed the structure of OVA. The digestion and transfer rate of OVA-RES were effectively improved with an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model and Caco-2 cell model, especially when the molar ratio of OVA-RES was 1:20. Meanwhile, the KU812 cell degranulation assay proved that the potential allergenicity was remarkably decreased while the molar ratios of OVA-RES were increased to 1:20. Furthermore, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces were the dominating forces to stabilize the OVA-RES complexes. CONCLUSION All the findings demonstrated that the potential allergenicity of OVA was reduced when interacting with RES, and RES can be a potential food material for preparing a hypoallergenic protein, especially for egg allergy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Anshu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Food Allergy, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhai Y, Zhao X, Lv M, Yu S, Xiao H, Song Y. Inhibitory mechanism of chrysin and diosmetin to α-glucosidase: insights from kinetics, multispectroscopy and molecular docking investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38289727 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is a promising method to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. The inhibitory effect and interaction of chrysin and diosmetin on α-glucosidase were studied in this study. The results of inhibition kinetics showed that chrysin and diosmetin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity with IC50 value of 26.445 ± 1.406 μmol L-1 and 18.380 ± 1.264 μmol L-1, respectively. Further research revealed that chrysin exhibited a mixed-type inhibitory pattern against α-glucosidase, while diosmetin was noncompetitive inhibitory with Ki value of (2.6 ± 0.04) ×10-4 mol L-1. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both chrysin and diosmetin could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, the maximum emission wavelength of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) were not moved by chrysin, but red shifted by diosmetin. UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) measurements showed that the secondary structure and microenvironment of α-glucosidase were changed by chrysin and diosmetin. Further analysis of molecular docking showed that chrysin and diosmetin could bind with α-glucosidase and might cause the decrease of α-glucosidase activity. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that the stability of chrysin (or diosmetin)-α-glucosidase complex system was changed during binding process. In conclusion, chrysin and diosmetin are good α-glucosidase inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhan Zhai
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxing Lv
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Xiao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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17
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Shi W, Han W, Liao Y, Wen J, Zhang G. Inhibition mechanism of fisetin on acetylcholinesterase and its synergistic effect with galantamine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123452. [PMID: 37769468 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors produced by natural sources is of great significance for the prevention and therapy of Alzheimer's disease and has been widely concerned. In this study, fisetin, a flavonoid compound of plant origin, displayed a mixed inhibition mode on AChE (IC50 = 8.88 ± 0.14 μM). Fluorescence spectra analysis revealed that fisetin statically quenched AChE fluorescence, and the ground state complex was formed by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Circular dichroism assays showed that fisetin induced AChE structure loosened with a decrease in α-helix structure (from 20.6 % to 19.5 %). Computer simulation exhibited that fisetin bound to both the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and the catalytic active site (CAS) and increased the stability of the AChE. Interestingly, the combination of fisetin and galantamine enhanced the binding affinity between AChE and galantamine and induced AChE structure further loosened, while the inhibition mode was still the mixed type. The heatmap analysis indicated that galantamine (0.2 μM) combined with fisetin (2.25 μM) had a significant synergy on AChE inhibition, probably because fisetin binding at the PAS-AChE induced conformation changes of the gorge and CAS, which enhanced galantamine binding affinity with CAS, and a further loose structure of AChE was induced by the mixture, so finally the interaction between the substrate and AChE was strongly affected. This work may offer a theoretical reference for the functional research of fisetin as a potential AChE inhibitor and an enhanced supplement for galantamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wenxin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yijing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Liu L, Wang Z, Yap PL, Zhang Q, Ni Y, Losic D. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by curcumin loaded on ZnO@rGO nanocarrier for potential treatment of diabetes mellitus. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4668. [PMID: 38286596 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) is an acidic polyphenol with some effects on α-glucosidase (α-Glu), but Cur has disadvantages such as being a weak target, lacking passing the blood-brain barrier and having low bioavailability. To enhance the curative effect of Cur, the hybrid composed of ZnO nanoparticles decorated on rGO was used to load Cur (ZnO@rGO-Cur). The use of the multispectral method and enzyme inhibition kinetics analysis certify the inhibitory effect and interaction mechanism of ZnO@rGO-Cur with α-Glu. The static quenching of α-Glu with both Cur and ZnO@rGO-Cur is primarily driven by hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions. The conformation-changing ability by binding to the neighbouring phenolic hydroxyl group of Cur increased their ability to alter the secondary structure of α-Glu, resulting in the inhibition of enzyme activity. The inhibition constant (Ki, Cur > Kis,ZnO@rGO-Cur ) showed that the inhibition effect of ZnO@rGO-Cur on α-Glu was larger than that of Cur. The CCK-8 experiments proved that ZnO@rGO nanocomposites have good biocompatibility. These results suggest that the therapeutic potential of ZnO@rGO-Cur composite is an emerging nanocarrier platform for drug delivery systems for the potential treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pei Lay Yap
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Qiulan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongnian Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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19
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Mirabile S, D’Angelo V, Germanò MP, Pouramin Arabi S, Parisi V, Raimondo FM, Rosa E. Chemical Profile and Health-Promoting Activities of Crataegus laciniata (Rosaceae) Flowers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:34. [PMID: 38202342 PMCID: PMC10781097 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we focused our attention on Crataegus laciniata Ucria (Rosaceae), which is wild growing in western Sicily (Italy). The chemical profile of the C. laciniata flower's (CLF) ethanolic (70%) extract showed the presence of both C-flavonoid and O-flavonoid derivatives. Beyond the main metabolites, like hyperoside and vitexin, there are several luteolin derivates, in addition to catechin and epicatechin dimers or trimers. Regarding the antioxidant activities, CLF showed a strong ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals and a good Fe3+-reducing antioxidant power. The investigation into the key enzymes in diabetes showed strong inhibition on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, whereas the skin-whitening properties are linked to inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Moreover, we employed Danio rerio (zebrafish) for toxicity assessment, as it represents an ideal in vivo model due to its high correlation with humans in response to pharmaceutical and cosmetic testing. Zebrafish embryos exposed to CLF (25-100 µg/mL) showed marked depigmentation compared to phenylthiourea (PTU), in addition to a high survival percentage and the absence of malformations. In conclusion, this experimental study outlines that C. laciniata flowers could be a potential source of bioactive compounds for application in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Mirabile
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.M.); (V.D.)
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (S.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Shiva Pouramin Arabi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.P.A.); (V.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.P.A.); (V.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Francesco Maria Raimondo
- PLANTA/Centro autonomo di Ricerca, Documentazione e Formazione, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.P.A.); (V.P.); (E.R.)
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20
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Li YJ, Liang CC, Jin L, Chen J. Inhibition mechanisms of four ellagitannins from terminalia chebula fruits on acetylcholinesterase by inhibition kinetics, spectroscopy and molecular docking analyses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123115. [PMID: 37453379 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the development of natural AChE inhibitors as candidates has played a significant role in drug discovery. In this study, the inhibition mechanisms of four ellagitannins, punicalagin, chebulinic acid, geraniin and corilagin, from Terminalia chebula fruits on AChE were investigated systematically by a combination of inhibition kinetics, multi-spectroscopic methods and molecular docking. The kinetic results showed that punicalagin, chebulinic acid and geraniin exhibited strong reversible inhibitory effects on AChE in an uncompetitive manner with the IC50 values of 0.43, 0.50, and 0.51 mM, respectively, while corilagin inhibited AChE activity in a mixed type with the IC50 value of 0.72 mM. The results of fluorescence and UV-vis spectra and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) revealed that four ellagitannins could significantly quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of AChE though a static quenching along with non-radiative energy transfer. Thermodynamic analyses showed that values of ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were negative, indicating that all binding processes were spontaneous, and the hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces might make a great contribution to the formation of inhibitor-AChE complexes. The synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectra studies suggested that four ellagitannins could lead to alterations in the micro-environment and secondary structure of AChE, and thus the conformational change of AChE. Moreover, molecular docking demonstrated that four ellagitannins could interacted with main amino acid residues of AChE with affinity energies ranging from -9.9 to -8.7 kJ/mol, and further confirmed the above experimental results. This study provided valuable findings for the potential application of four ellagitannins as promising candidates in the exploration of natural AChE inhibitors for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cai-Cai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ling Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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21
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Xiao S, Zhang P, Zhang G, Li W, Lin H, Hu X. Inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 activation by apigenin and chrysin via competition for sites and conformational changes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126415. [PMID: 37598817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling is crucial for initiating and coordinating the immune response against infections, and is proved as a vital target for inflammatory diseases. Herein, TLR4 with sufficient amount and functional activity was generated by heterologous expression and used to investigate the mechanism of apigenin (Api)/chrysin (Chr) inhibition of TLR4 activation. The results demonstrated that Api/Chr exhibited a strong fluorescence quenching effect through a static quenching and a high binding affinity (Ka > 105 L·mol-1) with TLR4, indicating the potential of Api/Chr as a TLR4 inhibitor. Additionally, the binding of Api/Chr induced a loose and unstable conformation of TLR4 with evidence like the decreased hydrophobicity of the tryptophan microenvironment, decreased α-helix content and increased free sulfhydryl content, resulting in reduced stability of the TLR4. The computer simulations revealed that Api/Chr occupied the myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) binding region, preventing MD-2 from binding to TLR4. Furthermore, the accuracy of the binding site between Api/Chr and TLR4 was confirmed through genetic mutations. Overall, the mechanism by which Api/Chr inhibited TLR4 activation was elucidated at the macroscopic and molecular levels, providing the worthful information concerning the future therapeutic application of Api/Chr as a natural TLR4 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Haowen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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22
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Kaliaperumal K, Zhang L, Gao L, Xiong Q, Liang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang J. Insight into the Inhibitory Mechanisms of Hesperidin on α-Glucosidase through Kinetics, Fluorescence Quenching, and Molecular Docking Studies. Foods 2023; 12:4142. [PMID: 38002199 PMCID: PMC10670601 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The α-glucosidase inhibitor is of interest to researchers due to its association with type-II diabetes treatment by suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia. Hesperidin is a major flavonoid in orange fruit with diverse biological properties. This paper evaluates the effects of hesperidin on α-glucosidase through inhibitory kinetics, fluorescence quenching, and molecular docking methods for the first time. The inhibition kinetic analysis shows that hesperidin reversibly inhibited the α-glucosidase activity with an IC50 value of 18.52 μM and the inhibition was performed in an uncompetitive type. The fluorescence quenching studies indicate that the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase was quenched via a static quenching process and only one binding site was present between the hesperidin and α-glucosidase. The interaction between them was spontaneous and mainly driven by hydrogen bonds, as well as hydrophobic forces. Furthermore, the molecular docking results suggest that hesperidin might bond to the entrance or outlet part of the active site of α-glucosidase through a network of five hydrogen bonds formed between hesperidin and the four amino acid residues (Trp709, Arg422, Asn424, and Arg467) of α-glucosidase and the hydrophobic effects. These results provide new insight into the inhibitory mechanisms of hesperidin on α-glucosidase, supporting the potential application of a hesperidin-rich orange product as a hypoglycemic functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaravel Kaliaperumal
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
- Unit of Biomaterials Research, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Linyan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Liangliang Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Qin Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yan Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yueming Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341003, China; (K.K.); (L.Z.); (L.G.); (Q.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.J.)
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23
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Pu Y, Chen L, He X, Cao J, Jiang W. Soluble polysaccharides decrease inhibitory activity of banana condensed tannins against porcine pancreatic lipase. Food Chem 2023; 418:136013. [PMID: 36989646 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of soluble polysaccharides (SPs) (arabic gum, dextran and pectin from citrus) on the binding between banana condensed tannins (BCTs) and pancreatic lipase (PL) was studied from variant aspects. Molecular docking simulations predicted that BCTs strongly bound SPs and PL through non-covalent interactions. The experimental results showed that SPs reduced the inhibition of BCTs on PL, and the IC50 value increased. However, the addition of SPs did not change the inhibitory type of BCTs on PL, which all were non-competitive inhibition. BCTs quenched PL fluorescence through static quenching mechanism and changed the secondary structure of PL. The addition of SPs alleviated the trending. The effect of SPs on the binding of BCTs-PL was mainly due to the strong non-covalent interaction between SPs and BCTs. This study emphasized that attention should be paid to the counteracting effects of polysaccharides and polyphenols in dietary intake to maximize their respective roles.
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24
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Peng X, Hu X, Liu K, Gong D, Zhang G. Exploring inhibitory effect and mechanism of hesperetin-Cu (II) complex against protein glycation. Food Chem 2023; 416:135801. [PMID: 36870150 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formed in protein glycosylation is crucial for minimizing diabetic complications. Herein, the anti-glycation potential of hesperetin-Cu (II) complex was investigated. Hesperetin-Cu (II) complex strongly inhibited three stages glycosylation products in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fructose model, especially for the inhibition of AGEs (88.45%), which was stronger than hesperetin (51.76%) and aminoguanidine (22.89%). Meanwhile, hesperetin-Cu (II) complex decreased the levels of BSA carbonylation and oxidation products. 182.50 µg/mL of hesperetin-Cu (II) complex inhibited 66.71% β-crosslinking structures of BSA, and scavenged 59.80% superoxide anions and 79.76% hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, after incubating with methylglyoxal for 24 h, hesperetin-Cu (II) complex removed 85.70% methylglyoxal. The mechanisms of protein antiglycation by hesperetin-Cu (II) complex may be through protecting structure, trapping methylglyoxal, scavenging free radicals and interacting with BSA. This study may contribute to the development of hesperetin-Cu (II) complex as a functional food additive against protein glycation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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25
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Fei X, Yan Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Gong D, Zhang G. Protocatechuic acid and gallic acid improve the emulsion and thermal stability of whey protein by covalent binding. Food Res Int 2023; 170:113000. [PMID: 37316070 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the impacts of gallic acid (GA)/protocatechuic acid (PA) on the structural and functional characteristics of whey proteins (WP) through covalent binding. To this purpose, the covalent complexes of WP-PA and WP-GA at different concentration gradients were prepared by the alkaline method. SDS-PAGE indicated that PA/GA was cross-linked by covalent bonds. The decreased contents of free amino and sulfhydryl groups suggested that WP formed covalent bonds with PA/GA by amino and sulfhydryl groups, and the structure of WP became slightly looser after covalent modification by PA/GA. When the concentration of GA was added up to 10 mM, the structure of WP was slightly loosened with a reduction of α-helix content by 2.3% and an increase in random coil content by 3.0%. The emulsion stability index of WP increased by 14.9 min after interaction with GA. Moreover, the binding of WP and 2-10 mM PA/GA increased the denaturation temperature by 1.95 to 19.87 °C, indicating the improved thermal stability of the PA/GA-WP covalent complex. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of WP was increased with increasing GA/PA concentration. This work may offer worthful information for enhancing the functional properties of WP and the application of the PA/GA-WP covalent complexes in food emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuzhong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Langhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China.
| | - Zhaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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26
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Xue H, Luo X, Tu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang G. Amelioration of ovalbumin gel properties by EGCG via protein aggregation, hydrogen, and van der Waals force. Food Chem 2023; 422:136248. [PMID: 37126957 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-modified ovalbumin gel (EMOG) was investigated. Results indicated that, with the increase of EGCG concentration from 0% to 0.05%, the opacity, hardness, and cohesiveness of EMOG increased significantly from 0.058 to 0.133, 321.0 g to 377.6 g, and 0.879 to 0.951, respectively, while the soluble protein, surface hydrophobicity, and free sulfhydryl decreased significantly by 41.74%, 28.26%, and 39.36%, respectively. Moreover, EGCG promoted the formation of dense and stable microstructures of EMOG, changed the expansion rate, and improved the stability of EMOG. Moreover, the results of silico simulation showed that EGCG would insert into ovalbumin and interact with the amino acids through van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds, leading to a compact and stable protein structure. In this paper, the mechanism of modification of ovalbumin by EGCG was elucidated at the macro and micro levels, providing insights into the action of polyphenols and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xue
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoqiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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27
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Shao Z, Tian Y, Liu S, Chu X, Mao W. Anti-Diabetic Activity of a Novel Exopolysaccharide Produced by the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Penicillium janthinellum N29. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050270. [PMID: 37233464 DOI: 10.3390/md21050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine microorganisms often produce exopolysaccharides with novel structures and diverse biological activities due to their specific marine environment. The novel active exopolysaccharides from marine microorganisms have become an important research area in new drug discovery, and show enormous development prospects. In the present study, a homogeneous exopolysaccharide from the fermented broth of the mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium janthinellum N29, designated as PJ1-1, was obtained. The results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses showed that PJ1-1 was a novel galactomannan with a molecular weight of about 10.24 kDa. The backbone of PJ1-1 was composed of →2)-α-d-Manp-(1→, →4)-α-d-Manp-(1→, →3)-β-d-Galf-(1→ and →2)-β-d-Galf-(1→ units with partial glycosylation at C-3 of →2)-β-d-Galf-(1→ unit. PJ1-1 had a strong hypoglycemic activity in vitro, evaluated using the assay of α-glucosidase inhibition. The anti-diabetic effect of PJ1-1 in vivo was further investigated using mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. The results indicated that PJ1-1 markedly reduced blood glucose level and improved glucose tolerance. Notably, PJ1-1 increased insulin sensitivity and ameliorated insulin resistance. Moreover, PJ1-1 significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, enhanced the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and alleviated dyslipidemia. These results revealed that PJ1-1 could be a potential source of anti-diabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuling Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
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Zhang J. Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons possess inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase: An in vitro study using multispectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122366. [PMID: 36689906 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-glucosidase (GAA) activity can be affected by exogenous substances. Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are typical metabolites of PAHs that can enter the body through various routes. The effects of 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNap) and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) on GAA activity and the potential mechanisms were investigated viamultispectroscopic methods and molecular docking. First-order derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry was successfully applied to analyze the fluorescence quenching of GAA in the GAA-1-OHNap and GAA-1-OHPyr systems. 1-OHNap and 1-OHPyr had strong inhibitory effects on GAA activity. GAA could bind with 1-OHNap and 1-OHPyr in 1:1 mode with binding constants of 3.97 × 104 and 9.42 × 104 L/mol at 298 K. Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds played pivotal roles in the interactions. 1-OHNap was located closer to the active site of GAA than 1-OHPyr. This work suggests that the disturbance of glycometabolism by exogenous pollutants in the human body is worthy of attention and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health (Fujian Province University), Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363105, PR China.
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29
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Li H, Yang J, Wang M, Ma X, Peng X. Studies on the inhibition of α-glucosidase by biflavonoids and their interaction mechanisms. Food Chem 2023; 420:136113. [PMID: 37054519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Biflavonoids are a kind of polyphenol compounds with numerous biological functions. However, the potential inhibitory activities of biflavonoids on α-glucosidase are yet unknown. Here, the inhibitory effects of two biflavonoids (amentoflavone and hinokiflavone) on α-glucosidase and their interaction mechanisms were explored using multispectral approaches and molecular docking. The results showed that the inhibitory activities of biflavonoids were much better compared with monoflavonoid (apigenin) and acarbose, and the order of inhibition ability was hinokiflavone > amentoflavone > apigenin > acarbose. These flavonoids were noncompetitive inhibitors of α-glucosidase and showed synergistic inhibition effects with acarbose. Additionally, they could statically quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, and form the non-covalent complexes with enzyme primarily through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The binding of flavonoids changed the conformational structure of α-glucosidase, therefore impairing the enzyme activity. The findings suggested that biflavonoids could be considered as potential hypoglycemic functional foods in diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jichen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Xiangzhao Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, PR China.
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30
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Han L, Wang H, Cao J, Li Y, Jin X, He C, Wang M. Inhibition mechanism of α-glucosidase inhibitors screened from Tartary buckwheat and synergistic effect with acarbose. Food Chem 2023; 420:136102. [PMID: 37060666 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat has been shown to provide a good antihyperglycemic effect. However, it is unclear which active compounds play a key role in attenuating postprandial hyperglycemia. Presently, acetone extract from the hull of Tartary buckwheat had the best effect for α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.02 mg/mL). Twelve potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from Tartary buckwheat were screened and identified by the combination of ultrafiltration and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Myricetin and quercetin exhibited the highest anti-α-glucosidase activity with IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. These inhibitors manifested different types of inhibition manners against α-glucosidase via direct interaction with the amino acid residues. The results of structure-activity relationships indicated that an increase in the number of -OH on the B-ring greatly strengthened α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but glucoside and rutinoside replacement on the C-ring obviously weakened this influence. Furthermore, a synergistic effect was observed between inhibitors with different inhibition manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Junwei Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Institute of Functional Food of Shanxi, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Xiying Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Caian He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
| | - Min Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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31
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Peng X, Liu K, Hu X, Gong D, Zhang G. Hesperetin-Cu(II) complex as potential α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitor: Inhibition mechanism and molecular docking. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 290:122301. [PMID: 36603279 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity is an effective way for controlling postprandial blood glucose-related diabetes. The study found that hesperetin-Cu(II) complex (Hsp-Cu(II)) exhibited a stronger inhibitory ability on α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to hesperetin (Hsp), with smaller IC50 values of Hsp-Cu(II) (60.3 ± 0.9 µM for α-amylase; 1.25 ± 0.03 µM for α-glucosidase) than Hsp (115.6 ± 1.1 µM for α-amylase; 55.2 ± 0.1 µM for α-glucosidase). Interestingly, Hsp-Cu(II) and acarbose exerted a synergistic effect on inhibition of α-glucosidase. The binding affinities of Hsp-Cu(II) to α-amylase and α-glucosidase were strong with the Ka values (binding constant) in the magnitude order of 105, which was 9 times larger than Hsp. After interacting, Hsp-Cu(II) reduced α-helix contents of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, resulting in a looser conformation of these two enzymes. Molecular simulations manifested that Hsp-Cu(II) bound to the active center of enzymes driven by hydrogen bonds and interacted with the key catalytic amino acids (α-amylase: Gln63, Asp300 and His305; α-glucosidase: Tyr158, Asp215, Glu277 and Glu411), altering the conformation of enzymes, blocking the entrance of substrates, ultimately reducing the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase. This study has demonstrated that Hsp-Cu(II) may be a promising candidate of functional nutritional additive and medicine for the prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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32
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Wen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Pan Q, Bai Q, Zhu D, Chai W. Inhibition of albendazole and 2-(2-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole against tyrosinase: mechanism, structure-activity relationship, and anti-browning effect. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2824-2837. [PMID: 36641547 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosinase is the key enzyme involved in enzymatic browning of plant-derived foods. Inhibition of tyrosinase activity contributes to the control of food browning. Due to safety regulations or other issues, most identified tyrosinase inhibitors are not suitable for practical use. Therefore, it is necessary to search for novel tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, the anti-tyrosinase activity and mechanism of albendazole and 2-(2-aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole (2-2-A-1HB) were investigated through ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectra, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The anti-browning effect of albendazole on fresh-cut apples was then elucidated. RESULTS Albendazole and 2-2-A-1HB were both efficient tyrosinase inhibitors with IC50 of 51 ± 1.5 and 128 ± 1.3 μmol L-1 , respectively. Albendazole suppressed tyrosinase non-competitively and formed tyrosinase-albendazole complex statically. Hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction were major driving forces in stabilizing the tyrosinase-albendazole complex. While 2-2-A-1HB inhibited the enzyme competitively and quenched its intrinsic fluorescence through a static mechanism, it generated strong binding affinity with tyrosinase through hydrophobic interaction. MD simulations further validated that albendazole/2-2-A-1HB could form stable complexes with tyrosinase and loosened its basic framework structure, leading to a change in secondary structure and conformation. In addition, albendazole could delay the browning of fresh-cut apples by inhibiting the activity of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and reducing the oxidation of phenolic compounds. CONCLUSION This research might provide a deep view of tyrosinase inhibition by benzimidazole derivatives and a theoretical basis for developing albendazole as a potential fresh-keeping agent. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Wen
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuxia Pan
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuhan Bai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Du Zhu
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiming Chai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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33
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Liu H, Zheng C, Li Z, Xia X, Jiang D, Wang W, Zhang R, Xiang X. Inhibitory mechanism of phenolic compounds in rapeseed oil on α-amylase and α-glucosidase: Spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 289:122251. [PMID: 36542921 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing naturally active components to control α-amylase/α-glucosidase activity is highly desired for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes. Rapeseed oil is rich in active phenolic compounds and seed oil is a major source of liposoluble inhibitors to these enzymes. However, it remains unclear about the interaction of phenolic compounds in rapeseed oil with α-amylase/α-glucosidase. This study found that the important phenolic compounds from rapeseed oil (Sinapic acid, SA; canolol, CAO; canolol dimer, CAO dimer) possessed effective inhibition performance against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. CAO showed the lowest and highest inhibitory effect, respectively. In the kinetics studies, the inhibition mechanism of SA/CAO/CAO dimer against α-glucosidase was non-competitive, exhibiting a different way from α-amylase. Fluorescence quenching spectra implied that the static processes were responsible for the spontaneous binding between the compounds and enzymes. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) displayed these compounds-induced conformation alterations of α-amylase/α-glucosidase. Molecular docking revealed that SA/CAO/CAO dimer decreased the catalytic efficiency of α-amylase/α-glucosidase through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic force, or π-π interaction. Molecular dynamics matched well with the experimental and docking results regarding the inhibitory behaviors and interactions toward α-amylase/α-glucosidase. These results demonstrated the potential benefits of phenolic compounds from rapeseed oil in antidiabetic-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chang Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xia
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ruiying Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xia Xiang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China.
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34
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Shi G, Shi C, Luo Y, Hong H, Zhang J, Li Y, Tan Y. Interaction and phase behavior of whey protein and propylene glycol alginate complex condensates. Food Chem 2023; 404:134556. [PMID: 36444012 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Whey protein (WP) is ubiquitously applied in food products, but its sensitivity to food processing conditions has limited its application. Herein, we chose propylene glycol alginate (PGA) to combine with WP to enhance its stability. The ideal ratio of WP/PGA for coacervation was 3:1, and the soluble complex and insoluble complex were formed at pH 5.2 (pHc) and pH 4.4 (pHφ1) at this ratio, respectively. The UV absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, and XRD results revealed that the interaction between PGA and WP changed the tertiary conformation of WP. The FTIR and molecular docking results suggested electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions were all involved in the formation of WP-PGA complexes, and the thermal stability of WP was improved based on the DSC results. These findings supported PGA to keep dairy products stable and transparent at the isoelectric point and WP-PGA complexes could be applied in encapsulating bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Shi
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Sfety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Ce Shi
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Yongkang Luo
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Sfety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hui Hong
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Sfety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Center of Food Colloids and Delivery for Functionality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiaran Zhang
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Sfety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Sfety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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35
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New Insights into the Inhibition of Hesperetin on Polyphenol Oxidase: Inhibitory Kinetics, Binding Characteristics, Conformational Change and Computational Simulation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040905. [PMID: 36832979 PMCID: PMC9957399 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory activity of hesperetin on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and their interaction characteristics were investigated using multiple spectroscopic methods and computational simulation. Hesperetin, a mixed inhibitor, reversibly inhibited PPO activity, and its half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values on monophenolase and diphenolase were 80.8 ± 1.4 μM and 776.0 ± 15.5 μM, respectively. Multivariate curve resolution-alternate least squares (MCR-ALS) analysis suggested PPO interacted with hesperetin and formed PPO-hesperetin complex. Hesperetin statically quenched PPO's endogenous fluorescence, and hydrophobic interactions mainly drove their binding. Hesperetin affected the polarity of the microenvironment around the Trp residues in PPO, but had no effect on that around Tyr residues. Circular dichroism (CD) results showed that hesperetin increased α-helix content and decreased β-fold and random coil contents, thus tightening PPO's structure. Molecular docking showed that hesperetin entered the hydrophobic cavity of PPO, bound near the dinuclear copper active center, interacted with Val283, Phe264, His85, Asn260, Val248, and His263 via hydrophobic interactions, formed hydrogen bonds with Met280, His89, and His259 residues and also interacted with Phe292, His61, Phe90, Glu256, His244, Asn260, Phe264, and Gly281 via van der Waals forces. The molecular dynamics simulation results also demonstrated that the addition of hesperetin reduced the stability and hydrophobicity of PPO and increased PPO's structural denseness. Thus, the inhibition of hesperetin on PPO may be because hesperetin bound near the active center of PPO, interacted with the surrounding residues, occupied the binding site for substrate, and induced the changes in PPO's secondary structure, thus inhibiting the catalytic activity of PPO. This study may provide novel views for the inhibition of hesperetin on PPO and theoretical guidance for developing flavonoids as new and efficient PPO inhibitors.
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36
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Dong X, Wan C, Huang A, Xu H, Lei H. Novel Umami Peptides from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Interaction with Umami Receptor T1R1/T1R3. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040703. [PMID: 36832778 PMCID: PMC9955199 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Umami peptides are important taste components of foods. In this study, umami peptides from Hypsizygus marmoreus hydrolysate were purified through ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, and RP-HPLC, and then identified using LC-MS/MS. The binding mechanism of umami peptides with the receptor, T1R1/T1R3, was investigated using computational simulations. Five novel umami peptides were obtained: VYPFPGPL, YIHGGS, SGSLGGGSG, SGLAEGSG, and VEAGP. Molecular docking results demonstrated that all five umami peptides could enter the active pocket in T1R1; Arg277, Tyr220, and Glu301 were key binding sites; and hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction were critical interaction forces. VL-8 had the highest affinity for T1R3. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that VYPFPGPL (VL-8) could be steadily packed inside the binding pocket of T1R1 and the electrostatic interaction was the dominant driving force of the complex (VL-8-T1R1/T1R3) formation. Arg residues (151, 277, 307, and 365) were important contributors to binding affinities. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of umami peptides in edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongjie Lei
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-029-87092486
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37
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Yang Y, Zhang P, Huang Z, Zhao Z. Phenolics from Sterculia nobilis Smith pericarp by-products delay carbohydrate digestion by uncompetitively inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Wang H, Zhang H, Zhang X, Yin Y, Ding G, Tang X, Hou P, Sun S, Wang W. Identification of coniferyl ferulate as the bioactive compound behind the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Chuanxiong Rhizome. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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39
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Zhang G, Zhu M, Liao Y, Gong D, Hu X. Action mechanisms of two key xanthine oxidase inhibitors in tea polyphenols and their combined effect with allopurinol. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7195-7208. [PMID: 35727856 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tea polyphenols have been reported to have the effect of lowering uric acid. However, there are few studies on the inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms of specific catechins on the urate-metabolizing enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO). In this research, multiple spectroscopic methods and computer simulations were used to determine the inhibitory ability and mechanisms of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and gallocatechin gallate (GCG) on XO. RESULTS Herein, EGCG and GCG reversibly inhibited XO activity in a mixed manner, with IC50 values of 40.50 ± 0.32 and 33.60 ± 0.53 μmol L-1 , and also decreased the superoxide anion radical (O2 - ) of the catalytic system by reducing the XO molecule and inhibiting the formation of uric acid. The combination of EGCG or GCG with allopurinol showed synergistic inhibition on XO. The binding of EGCG or GCG to XO with moderate affinity formed a stable complex by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The presence of EGCG and GCG made the structure of XO more stable and compact. The two inhibitors bound to the vicinity of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in XO, hindering the entry of substrate; thus the activity of XO was suppressed. CONCLUSION Both EGCG and GCG are excellent natural XO inhibitors, and inhibited the activity of XO by occupying the channel of the substrate to enter the active center and interfering with the dual substrate reaction catalyzed by XO. These findings provide a scientific basis for the application of catechins in dietary supplements and medicines with lowering uric acid effects. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Miao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yijing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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40
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Exploring the Inhibition of Quercetin on Acetylcholinesterase by Multispectroscopic and In Silico Approaches and Evaluation of Its Neuroprotective Effects on PC12 Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227971. [PMID: 36432070 PMCID: PMC9699400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the inhibitory mechanism of quercetin in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and its neuroprotective effects on β-amyloid25-35-induced oxidative stress injury in PC12 cells. Quercetin inhibited AChE in a reversible mixed manner with an IC50 of 4.59 ± 0.27 µM. The binding constant of quercetin with AChE at 25 °C was (5.52 ± 0.05) × 104 L mol-1. Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces were the main interactions in forming the stable quercetin-AChE complex. Computational docking revealed that quercetin was dominant at the peripheral aromatic site in AChE and induced enzymatic allosterism; meanwhile, it extended deep into the active center of AChE and destabilized the hydrogen bond network, which caused the constriction of the gorge entrance and prevented the substrate from entering the enzyme, thus resulting in the inhibition of AChE. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation emphasized the stability of the quercetin-AChE complex and corroborated the previous findings. Interestingly, a combination of galantamine hydrobromide and quercetin exhibited the synergistic inhibition effect by binding to different active sites of AChE. In a β-amyloid25-35-induced oxidative stress injury model in PC12 cells, quercetin exerted neuroprotective effects by increasing the glutathione level and reducing the malondialdehyde content and reactive oxygen species levels. These findings may provide novel insights into the development and application of quercetin in the dietary treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Liu K, Zeng N, Pan J, Gong D, Zhang G. Synthesis, characterization, toxicity evaluation and inhibitory effect of hesperitin-copper (Ⅱ) complex on xanthine oxidase. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Shi R, Zhou N, Zhang H, Gong M, Han L. Bioaffinity ultrafiltration coupled with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for screening potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from pomegranate peel. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014862. [PMID: 36330141 PMCID: PMC9623087 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel (PoP) contains plenty of bioactive compounds and exhibits strong activity to prevent postprandial hyperglycaemia and improve diabetes mellitus. Presently, bioaffinity ultrafiltration coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) is employed to screen and identify the efficient α-glucosidase inhibitors in PoP and the detailed inhibitory mechanisms are further investigated. The results show that many substances, including ellagic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and resveratrol in PoP reveal strong activity to inhibit α-glucosidase and ellagic acid (EA) is screened as the most effective compound. Further research indicates that EA plays a competitive and reversible inhibition role against α-glucosidase with the value of Ki was 6.24 × 105 mol/L. EA also directly interacts with the amino acids of α-glucosidase mainly via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds, thereby, influencing the secondary structure and stability of α-glucosidase. Finally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of EA is further confirmed to significantly reduce postprandial blood glucose in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujie Shi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nong Zhou
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Gong
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Han
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Kashtoh H, Baek KH. Recent Updates on Phytoconstituent Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors: An Approach towards the Treatment of Type Two Diabetes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11202722. [PMID: 36297746 PMCID: PMC9612090 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder marked by unusually high plasma glucose levels, which can lead to serious consequences such as retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and cardiovascular disease. One of the most efficient ways to reduce postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) in diabetes mellitus, especially insulin-independent diabetes mellitus, is to lower the amount of glucose that is absorbed by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes in the digestive system, such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase. α-Glucosidase is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the final stage of carbohydrate digestion. As a result, α-glucosidase inhibitors can slow D-glucose release from complex carbohydrates and delay glucose absorption, resulting in lower postprandial plasma glucose levels and control of PPHG. Many attempts have been made in recent years to uncover efficient α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources to build a physiologic functional diet or lead compound for diabetes treatment. Many phytoconstituent α-glucosidase inhibitors have been identified from plants, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, glycosides and others. The current review focuses on the most recent updates on different traditional/medicinal plant extracts and isolated compounds' biological activity that can help in the development of potent therapeutic medications with greater efficacy and safety for the treatment of type 2 diabetes or to avoid PPHG. For this purpose, we provide a summary of the latest scientific literature findings on plant extracts as well as plant-derived bioactive compounds as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors with hypoglycemic effects. Moreover, the review elucidates structural insights of the key drug target, α-glucosidase enzymes, and its interaction with different inhibitors.
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Miller N, Joubert E. Critical Assessment of In Vitro Screening of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Plants with Acarbose as a Reference Standard. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1078-1091. [PMID: 34662924 DOI: 10.1055/a-1557-7379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial hyperglycemia is treated with the oral antidiabetic drug acarbose, an intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitor. Side effects of acarbose motivated a growing number of screening studies to identify novel α-glucosidase inhibitors derived from plant extracts and other natural sources. As "gold standard", acarbose is frequently included as the reference standard to assess the potency of these candidate α-glucosidase inhibitors, with many outperforming acarbose by several orders of magnitude. The results are subsequently used to identify suitable compounds/products with strong potential for in vivo efficacy. However, most α-glucosidase inhibitor screening studies use enzyme preparations obtained from nonmammalian sources (typically Saccharomyces cerevisiae), despite strong evidence that inhibition data obtained using nonmammalian α-glucosidase may hold limited value in terms of identifying α-glucosidase inhibitors with actual in vivo hypoglycemic potential. The aim was to critically discuss the screening of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors from plant sources, emphasizing inconsistencies and pitfalls, specifically where acarbose was included as the reference standard. An assessment of the available literature emphasized the cruciality of stating the biological source of α-glucosidase in such screening studies to allow for unambiguous and rational interpretation of the data. The review also highlights the lack of a universally adopted screening assay for novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and the commercial availability of a standardized preparation of mammalian α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Miller
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest & Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest & Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Sadeghi M, Sheikhi M, Miroliaei M. Control of eriocitrin release from pH-sensitive gelatin-based microgels to inhibit α-glucosidase: an experimental and computational study. Food Funct 2022; 13:10055-10068. [PMID: 36093798 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00824f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase is among the intestinal epithelial enzymes that produce absorbable glucose in the final stage of glycan catabolism. It leads to an increase in blood glucose levels as a result of high glucose uptake in diabetic patients. However, inhibition of this essential biochemical process can be a useful therapeutic approach to diabetes mellitus (DM). Eriocitrin (ER) is an abundant "flavanone glycoside" in citrus fruits with rich antioxidant properties whose effects on α-Glu inhibition in the small intestine remain to be determined. Herein, pH-sensitive microgels (MGs) were designed based on cross-linked methacrylate with acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AAc) (molar ratio 70 : 30 of AAc : AM) as a controlled release system for sustained delivery of ER into the small intestine. The presence of amide and acrylate in MGs and the mechanical resistance were determined using FT-IR spectroscopy, rheology, and viscoelastometry. In vitro experiments showed that MGs could protect ER against diffusion in the gastric location and adjust its release in the intestinal milieu. The intestinal α-Glu activity was inhibited by ER (IC50 value of 12.50 ± 0.73 μM) in an uncompetitive dose-dependent manner. The presence of ER altered the structure of α-Glu and reduced the hydrophobic pockets of the enzyme. Molecular docking analysis along with molecular dynamics simulation displayed that ER-α-Glu formation is directed by hydrogen binding with Asp69, Asp215, Glu411, Asp307, and Tyr347 residues. Moreover, in vivo assessment showed that rat blood glucose concentration decreased after ER administration compared with the control group. The results highlight that ER-loaded-MGs can be considered as a useful releasing strategy in treating DM via α-Glu inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sadeghi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Sheikhi
- Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Miroliaei
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
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Sun XL, Xiang ZM, Xie YR, Zhang N, Wang LX, Wu YL, Zhang DY, Wang XJ, Sheng J, Zi CT. Dimeric-(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the EGFR signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110084. [PMID: 35970427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most general malignant tumors. The overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a common marker in NSCLC, and it plays an important role in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. At present, drugs developed with EGFR as a target suffer from drug resistance, so it is necessary to study new compounds for the treatment of NSCLC. The active substance in green tea is EGCG, which has anti-cancer effects. In this study, we synthesized dimeric-(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (prodelphinidin B-4-3,3‴-di-O-gallate, PBOG), and explored the effect of PBOG on lung cancer cells. PBOG can inhibit the proliferation and migration of NCI-H1975 cells, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit cell cycle progression. In addition, PBOG can bind to the EGFR ectodomain protein and change the secondary structure of the protein. At the same time, PBOG decreases the expression of EGFR and downstream protein phosphorylation. Animal experiments confirmed that PBOG can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation. Collectively, our study results show that PBOG may induce a decrease in intracellular phosphorylated EGFR expression by binding to the EGFR ectodomain protein, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle progression, thus providing a new strategy to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ze-Min Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yin-Rong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li-Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Dong-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Li N, Qiu L, Song H, Xiao T, Luo T, Deng Z, Zheng L. Inhibition mechanism of oligopeptides from soft-shelled turtle egg against α-glucosidase and their gastrointestinal digestive properties. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14328. [PMID: 35894555 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptides derived from egg protein hydrolysate have potential hypoglycemic benefits by inhibiting α-glucosidase. Herein, fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking were performed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanism of the oligopeptides ARDASVLK and HNKPEVEVR from soft-shelled turtle eggs. Gastrointestinal digestion characteristics of the two oligopeptides were further determined by LC-QTOF-MS/MS. The static fluorescence quenching of α-glucosidase by ARDASVLK and HNKPEVEVR indicated the formation of a stable α-glucosidase-peptide complex, mainly driven by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. ARDASVLK and HNKPEVEVR could easily insert into the active pocket of α-glucosidase (docking scores of -157.1 and -158.4, respectively), thereby inhibiting enzyme activity by preventing substrate binding and inducing enzymatic conformation change. After gastrointestinal digestion, 14.3% and 30.4% of ARDASVLK and HNKPEVEVR were maintained intact, respectively, and their digestive products (mainly DASVLK and HNKPEVEV) still showed high inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase (about 35% inhibition). This study sheds light on the mechanism of oligopeptides derived from soft-shelled turtle eggs as a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor for diabetes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Oligopeptides from egg protein hydrolysate have potential hypoglycemic properties by inhibiting α-glucosidase. This study has provided insights into the inhibitory mechanism of oligopeptides from soft-shelled turtle egg on α-glucosidase. Interestingly, despite the fact that the oligopeptides are largely degraded during gastrointestinal digestion, their digestive metabolites displayed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Because α-glucosidase is highly expressed in small intestine brush border, our findings support the possibility of these oligopeptides as an attractive health-benefit compound to control glucose without being absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells, unlike other enzyme inhibitors such as ACE inhibitors, which have poor oral bioavailability. This study may facilitate the applications of oligopeptides from soft-shelled turtle egg as α-glucosidase inhibitors and food functional ingredients for the therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Leyun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China.,Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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Han L, Song J, Yan C, Wang C, Wang L, Li W, Du Y, Li Q, Liang T. Inhibitory activity and mechanism of calycosin and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside on α-glucosidase: Spectroscopic and molecular docking analyses. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li Y, Yuan Z, Gao Y, Bao Z, Sun N, Lin S. Mechanism of trypsin activation by pulsed electric field treatment revealed based on chemical experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Food Chem 2022; 394:133477. [PMID: 35728469 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment exhibits different effects on trypsin; however, the mechanism of enzyme activation remains unclear. Herein, chemical experiments combined with molecular dynamics simulations revealed the mechanism of trypsin activation by PEF treatment at the molecular level. The results indicated that compared with the values at 0 kV/cm, the enzyme activity, Vmax, and Kcat at 20 kV/cm increased by 9.30%, 4.74%, and 4.30%, respectively, and Km decreased by 11.14%, indicating an improved interaction between the enzyme and substrate. The simulation results revealed that PEF treatment increased the number of molecular hydrogen bonds and the solvent-accessible surface area, while decreasing the rotation radius and random coil content by 5.00% and 3.37%, respectively. Molecular docking indicated that PEF treatment altered the active center and increased the affinity between the enzyme and substrate. The simulation results were consistent with those of the spectroscopic experiments conducted on trypsin after PEF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinli Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zihan Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuanhong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhijie Bao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Songyi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning Province, China.
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Uuh Narvaez JJ, Segura Campos MR. Combination therapy of bioactive compounds with acarbose: A proposal to control hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14268. [PMID: 35662051 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease with a high impact on public health and social welfare. Hyperglycemia is a characteristic of T2D that leads to different complications. Acarbose (ACB) reduces hyperglycemia by inhibiting α-amylase (AMY) and α-glucosidase (GLU) enzymes. However, ACB causes low adherence to treatment by patients with diabetes due to its side effects. Consequently, reducing the side effects produced by ACB without compromising its efficacy is a challenge in treating T2D. Bioactive compounds (BC) are safe and could decrease the side effects compared to antidiabetic drugs such as ACB. Nevertheless, their efficacy alone concerning that drug is unknown. The scientific advances have been directed toward searching for new approaches, such as combination therapies between BC and ACB. This review analyzes the combined therapy of BC (extracts or isolates) with ACB in inhibiting AMY and GLU as a proposal to control hyperglycemia in T2D. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Postprandial hyperglycemia is one most typical signs of type 2 diabetes, and it can have significant consequences, including cardiovascular problems. Acarbose has side effects that lead to the abandonment of treatment. Bioactive compounds in extracts or isolated forms have become a viable option for controlling hyperglycemia without side effects, but their administration alone is insufficient. The scientific advances of acarbose/bioactive compound combination therapy as a proposal for controlling hyperglycemia in T2D were analyzed. The findings suggested that bioactive compounds combined with acarbose are effective when they function synergistically or additively; however, they are not recommended in therapy when they have an antagonistic effect.
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