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Yao J, Zeng J, Tang H, Shi Q, Li X, Tan J, Cheng Y, Li T, He J, Zhang Y. Preparation of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides and their protective effect on acute oxidative stress injury of Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127427. [PMID: 37838122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
This research enhanced the extraction procedure for Auricularia auricula crude polysaccharides by utilizing a modified Fenton reagent as a solvent, and obtained A. auricula polysaccharides (AAPs-VH) via alcohol precipitation and deproteinization. The HPLC profile revealed that the purified AAPs-VH using Sepharose 6FF was mainly a heteropolysaccharide, consisting primarily of mannose, glucuronic acid, glucose, and xylose. The Mw and Mn of the purified AAPs-VH were 87.646 kDa and 48.854 kDa, respectively. The FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the purified AAPs-VH belonged to pyranose and were mainly formed by (1 → 3)-linked-β-D glucan formation. In vivo experiments conducted with Caenorhabditis elegans, AAPs-VH was found to notably influence the lifespan, improve the antioxidant system, and decrease the level of cell apoptosis. This might be achieved by up-regulating the expression of genes in the IIS and TOR pathways. The study concludes that the modified Fenton reagent can increase Auricularia auricula polysaccharide solubleness and active sites, which may be an essential prompt for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Jiangying Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Huinan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Qianwen Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Jingjing Tan
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yirui Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Tianyuan Li
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Jiyuan He
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China.
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2
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Li Q, Xiao M, Li N, Cai W, Zhao C, Liu B, Zeng F. Application of
Caenorhabditis elegans
in the evaluation of food nutrition: A review. EFOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quancen Li
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Meifang Xiao
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Na Li
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
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Mikami T, Yamauchi H. Preconditioning with whole-body or regional hyperthermia attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage in rodents. Physiol Res 2022; 71:125-134. [PMID: 34505524 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate whether hyperthermia before exercise protects against exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage. Two hyperthermia protocols were evaluated. In the first, male ICR mice were exposed to 30 min of whole-body heat in an environmental chamber at an ambient temperature of 42 °C. Heat-exposed and non-heat-exposed mice subsequently completed 60 min of downhill running on a treadmill, 24 h after exposure. Heat exposure significantly increased HSP70 and HSP25 content in the soleus muscle compared to controls. Plasma creatine kinase, muscle beta-glucuronidase, and histochemical (hematoxylin and eosin stain) analysis demonstrated that muscle damage was lower in the heat-exposed mice than in the non-heat-exposed mice. In the second, the effect of regional heating of the legs, by microwave diathermy, on the prevention of exercise-induced muscle damage was evaluated in male Wistar rats. Microwave-treated and non-microwave-treated rats again completed the running protocol 24 h after exposure. Microwave diathermy increased the muscle temperature to 40 °C, significantly increased HSP70 and HSP25 content in the soleus muscle, and significantly attenuated exercise-induced muscle damage. Therefore, hyperthermia before exercise increases skeletal muscle HSPs and attenuates the risk of exercise-induced muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mikami
- Department of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Medical School, Mushasino, Tokyo, Japan.
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Qiao X, Zhang Y, Ye A, Zhang Y, Xie T, Lv Z, Shi C, Wu D, Chu B, Wu X, Zhang W, Wang P, Liu GH, Wang CC, Wang L, Chen C. ER reductive stress caused by Ero1α S-nitrosation accelerates senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 180:165-178. [PMID: 35033630 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in aging has attracted much attention; however, the role of reductive stress in aging remains largely unknown. Here, we report that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) undergoes reductive stress during replicative senescence, as shown by specific glutathione and H2O2 fluorescent probes. We constructed an ER-specific reductive stress cell model by ER-specific catalase overexpression and observed accelerated senescent phenotypes accompanied by disrupted proteostasis and a compromised ER unfolded protein response (UPR). Mechanistically, S-nitrosation of the pivotal ER sulfhydryl oxidase Ero1α led to decreased activity, therefore resulting in reductive stress in the ER. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase decreased the level of Ero1α S-nitrosation and decreased cellular senescence. Moreover, the expression of constitutively active Ero1α restored an oxidizing state in the ER and successfully rescued the senescent phenotypes. Our results uncover a new mechanism of senescence promoted by ER reductive stress and provide proof-of-concept that maintaining the oxidizing power of the ER and organelle-specific precision redox regulation could be valuable future geroprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingmin Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aojun Ye
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhenyu Lv
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chang Shi
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongli Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Boyu Chu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xun Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ping Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chih-Chen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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5
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Penna F, Ballarò R, Costelli P. The Redox Balance: A Target for Interventions Against Muscle Wasting in Cancer Cachexia? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:542-558. [PMID: 32037856 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The management of cancer patients is frequently complicated by the occurrence of a complex syndrome known as cachexia. It is mainly characterized by muscle wasting, a condition that associates with enhanced protein breakdown and with negative energy balance. While the mechanisms underlying cachexia have been only partially elucidated, understanding the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in cancer hosts is mandatory to design new targeted therapeutic strategies. Indeed, most of cancer patients will experience cachexia during the course of their disease, and about 25% of cancer-related deaths are due to this syndrome, rather than to the tumor itself. Recent Advances: Compelling evidence suggests that an altered redox homeostasis likely contributes to cancer-induced muscle protein depletion, directly or indirectly activating the intracellular degradative pathways. In addition, oxidative stress impinges on both mitochondrial number and function; the other way round, altered mitochondria lead to enhanced redox imbalance, creating a vicious loop that eventually results in negative energy metabolism. Critical Issues: The present review focuses on the possibility that pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies able to restore a physiologic redox balance could be useful components of treatment schedules aimed at counteracting cancer-induced muscle wasting. Future Directions: Exercise and the use of exercise mimetic drugs represent the most promising approaches capable of reinforcing the muscle antioxidant defenses of cancer patients. The results from ongoing and new clinical trials are needed to validate the preclinical studies and provide effective therapies for cancer cachexia. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 33, 542-558.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ballarò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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6
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Zhang M, Wang D, Xu X, Xu W. Evaluation of antioxidant property of heat shock protein 90 from duck muscle. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:724-733. [PMID: 32777911 PMCID: PMC7961265 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct antioxidative effect of 90 Kda heat shock protein (Hsp90) obtained from duck muscle. METHODS The interaction of Hsp90 with phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids was studied with surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and their further oxidation in the presence of Hsp90 was evaluated with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The scavenging effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) was measured, and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in combination with 5-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) was utilized to determine the abilities of Hsp90 in scavenging hydroxyl and PTIO radicals. RESULTS SPR showed Hsp90 could bind with both phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids, and prevent their further oxidation by the TBARS assay. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity increased with Hsp90 concentration, and could reach 27% and 20% respectively at the protein concentration of 50 μM. The EPR spectra demonstrated Hsp90 could directly scavenge ·OH and PTIO· radicals. CONCLUSION This suggests that Hsp90, a natural antioxidant in meat, may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, and may have potential use in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Zhang
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Daoying Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xinglian Xu
- Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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7
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Hui H, Xin A, Cui H, Jin H, Yang X, Liu H, Qin B. Anti-aging effects on Caenorhabditis elegans of a polysaccharide, O-acetyl glucomannan, from roots of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Cotton. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:846-852. [PMID: 32229205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The anti-aging activities on Caenorhabditis elegans of a polysaccharide, O-acetyl glucomannan (LPR), purified from roots of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Cotton, were assessed by observing the mean lifespan, reproduction, pharyngeal pumping and stress response on nematodes. Additionally, the fluorescence intensity of lipofuscin and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. Also the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by the kit method. The results showed that LPR effectively delayed the aging of C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentration reached 4 mg/mL, LPR extended the mean lifespan of C. elegans by up to 40%, 61% (P < 0.01) and 50% (P < 0.05) under normal, thermal and oxidative stress culture conditions, respectively. Moreover, LPR remarkably increased the reproduction duration of the nematodes at a concentration of 1 mg/L, and significantly decreased the ROS and lipofuscin level of C. elegans in three dosage groups. Further study illustrated that LPR at 4 mg/mL strongly increased the activity of SOD and CAT by 39.03% (P < 0.01) and 41.89% (P < 0.05), and decreased the lipid peroxidation of MDA level in C. elegans by 52.59% (P < 0.005) compared to a control. It was inferred that LPR provided stress resistance to heat and oxidation, and prolonged the lifespan of wild type N2 C. elegans mainly by elevating the function of nematode antioxidant defense systems and by scavenging free radicals. These findings provided evidence for the anti-aging properties of this polysaccharide from L. davidii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, PR China
| | - Aiyi Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, PR China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Haoyue Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Bo Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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8
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Yoshikawa M, Hosokawa M, Miyashita K, Fujita T, Nishino H, Hashimoto T. Fucoxanthinol attenuates oxidative stress-induced atrophy and loss in myotubes and reduces the triacylglycerol content in mature adipocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2703-2711. [PMID: 32180086 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The combination of sarcopenia and obesity (i.e., sarcopenic obesity) is more strongly associated with disability and metabolic/cardiovascular diseases than obesity or sarcopenia alone. Therefore, countermeasures that simultaneously suppress fat gain and muscle atrophy to prevent an increase in sarcopenic obesity are warranted. The aim of this study was to investigate the simultaneous effects of fucoxanthinol (FXOH) on fat loss in mature adipocytes and the inhibition of atrophy and loss in myotubes induced by oxidative stress. C2C12 myotubes were treated with FXOH for 24 h and further incubated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 h. The area of myosin heavy chain-positive myotubes and the ROS concentration were measured. Mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with FXOH for 72 h. The triacylglycerol (TG) content and glycerol and fatty acid (FA) release were biochemically measured. The myotube area was smaller in H2O2-treated cells than that in control cells. However, FXOH protected against the H2O2-induced decreases in myotube area. Further, the ROS concentration was significantly higher in the FXOH-treated cells compared with that in the control cells, although it was significantly lower than that in the H2O2-treated cells. On the other hand, in the mature adipocytes, the TG content was significantly decreased by FXOH treatment compared to that in the control. Moreover, FXOH treatment significantly increased glycerol and FA release compared with that of the control. These results suggest that FXOH inhibits H2O2-induced atrophy and loss in myotubes and activates lipolysis and decreases the TG content in mature adipocytes. Accordingly, FXOH has the potential to exert anti-sarcopenic obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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9
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Neuromuscular Diseases Due to Chaperone Mutations: A Review and Some New Results. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041409. [PMID: 32093037 PMCID: PMC7073051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and the nervous system depend on efficient protein quality control, and they express chaperones and cochaperones at high levels to maintain protein homeostasis. Mutations in many of these proteins cause neuromuscular diseases, myopathies, and hereditary motor and sensorimotor neuropathies. In this review, we cover mutations in DNAJB6, DNAJB2, αB-crystallin (CRYAB, HSPB5), HSPB1, HSPB3, HSPB8, and BAG3, and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which they cause neuromuscular disease. In addition, previously unpublished results are presented, showing downstream effects of BAG3 p.P209L on DNAJB6 turnover and localization.
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10
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Scalabrin M, Pollock N, Staunton CA, Brooks SV, McArdle A, Jackson MJ, Vasilaki A. Redox responses in skeletal muscle following denervation. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101294. [PMID: 31450104 PMCID: PMC6831873 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown a significant increase in the mitochondrial generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other peroxides in recently denervated muscle fibers. The mechanisms for generation of these peroxides and how the muscle responds to these peroxides are not fully established. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of denervation on the muscle content of proteins that may contribute to mitochondrial peroxide release and the muscle responses to this generation. Denervation of the tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in mice was achieved by surgical removal of a small section of the peroneal nerve prior to its entry into the muscle. An increase in mitochondrial peroxide generation has been observed from 7 days and sustained up to 21 days following denervation in the TA muscle fibers. This increased peroxide generation was reduced by incubation of skinned fibers with inhibitors of monoamine oxidases, NADPH oxidases or phospholipase A2 enzymes and the muscle content of these enzymes together with peroxiredoxin 6 were increased following denervation. Denervated muscle also showed significant adaptations in the content of several enzymes involved in the protection of cells against oxidative damage. Morphological analyses indicated a progressive significant loss of muscle mass in the TA muscle from 7 days up to 21 days following denervation due to fiber atrophy but without fiber loss. These results support the possibility that, at least initially, the increase in peroxide production may stimulate adaptations in an attempt to protect the muscle fibers, but that these processes are insufficient and the increased peroxide generation over the longer term may activate degenerative and atrophic processes in the denervated muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Scalabrin
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Natalie Pollock
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Caroline A Staunton
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anne McArdle
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Malcolm J Jackson
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Aphrodite Vasilaki
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, UK.
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11
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Hentilä J, Nissinen TA, Korkmaz A, Lensu S, Silvennoinen M, Pasternack A, Ritvos O, Atalay M, Hulmi JJ. Activin Receptor Ligand Blocking and Cancer Have Distinct Effects on Protein and Redox Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle and Liver. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1917. [PMID: 30713500 PMCID: PMC6345696 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting in cancer cachexia can be alleviated by blocking activin receptor type 2 (ACVR2) ligands through changes in protein synthesis/degradation. These changes in cellular and protein metabolism may alter protein homeostasis. First, we elucidated the acute (1–2 days) and 2-week effects of blocking ACVR2 ligands by soluble activin receptor 2B (sACVR2B-Fc) on unfolded protein response (UPR), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and redox balance in a healthy mouse skeletal muscle. Second, we examined UPR, autophagy and redox balance with or without sACVR2B-Fc administration in muscle and liver of C26 tumor-bearing mice. The indicators of UPR and HSPs were not altered 1–2 days after a single sACVR2B-Fc administration in healthy muscles, but protein carbonyls increased (p < 0.05). Two weeks of sACVR2B-Fc administration increased muscle size, which was accompanied by increased UPR markers: GRP78 (p < 0.05), phosphorylated eIF2α (p < 0.01) and HSP47 (p < 0.01). Additionally, protein carbonyls and reduced form of glutathione increased (GSH) (p < 0.05). On the other hand, C26 cancer cachexia manifested decreased UPR markers (p-eIF2α, HSP47, p-JNK; p < 0.05) and antioxidant GSH (p < 0.001) in muscle, whereas the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione increased (GSSG/GSH; p < 0.001). Administration of sACVR2B-Fc prevented the decline in GSH and increased some of the UPR indicators in tumor-bearing mice. Additionally, autophagy markers LC3II/I (p < 0.05), Beclin-1 (p < 0.01), and P62 (p < 0.05) increased in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Finally, indicators of UPR, PERK, p-eIF2α and GRP78, increased (p < 0.05), whereas ATF4 was strongly decreased (p < 0.01) in the liver of tumor-bearing mice while sACVR2B-Fc had no effect. Muscle GSH and many of the altered UPR indicators correlated with tumor mass, fat mass and body mass loss. In conclusion, experimental cancer cachexia is accompanied by distinct and tissue-specific changes in proteostasis. Muscle hypertrophy induced by blocking ACVR2B ligands may be accompanied by the induction of UPR and increased protein carbonyls but blocking ACVR2B ligands may upregulate antioxidant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Hentilä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuuli A Nissinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ayhan Korkmaz
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mika Silvennoinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Pasternack
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Ritvos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mustafa Atalay
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha J Hulmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Pérez S, Rius-Pérez S, Tormos AM, Finamor I, Nebreda ÁR, Taléns-Visconti R, Sastre J. Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver. Redox Biol 2018; 16:276-284. [PMID: 29567616 PMCID: PMC5952885 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-out mice. Liver-specific p38α deficiency triggered a dramatic down-regulation of the mRNAs of the key antioxidant enzymes glutamate cysteine ligase, superoxide dismutase 1, superoxide dismutase 2, and catalase in young mice, which seems mediated by the lack of p65 recruitment to their promoters. Nrf-2 nuclear levels did not change significantly in the liver of young mice upon p38α deficiency, but nuclear levels of phospho-p65 and PGC-1α decreased in these mice. p38α-dependent activation of NF-κB seems to occur through classical IκB Kinase and via ribosomal S6 kinase1 and AKT in young mice. However, unexpectedly the long-term deficiency in p38α triggers a compensatory up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes via NF-κB activation and recruitment of p65 to their promoters. In conclusion, p38α MAPK maintains the expression of antioxidant genes in liver of young animals via NF-κΒ under basal conditions, whereas its long-term deficiency triggers compensatory up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes through NF-κΒ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain
| | - Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain
| | - Ana M Tormos
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain
| | - Isabela Finamor
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain
| | - Ángel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Taléns-Visconti
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain
| | - Juan Sastre
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Spain.
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13
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Haramizu S, Asano S, Butler DC, Stanton DA, Hajira A, Mohamed JS, Alway SE. Dietary resveratrol confers apoptotic resistance to oxidative stress in myoblasts. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 50:103-115. [PMID: 29053994 PMCID: PMC5694367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to muscle cell death in aging and disuse. We have previously found that resveratrol can reduce oxidative stress in response to aging and hindlimb unloading in rodents in vivo, but it was not known if resveratrol would protect muscle stem cells during repair or regeneration when oxidative stress is high. To test the protective role of resveratrol on muscle stem cells directly, we treated the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line with moderate (100 μM) or very high (1 mM) levels of H2O2 in the presence or absence of resveratrol. The p21 promoter activity declined in myoblasts in response to high ROS, and this was accompanied a greater nuclear to cytoplasmic translocation of p21 in a dose-dependent matter in myoblasts as compared to myotubes. Apoptosis, as indicated by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling, was greater in C2C12 myoblasts as compared to myotubes (P<.05) after treatment with H2O2. Caspase-9, -8 and -3 activities were elevated significantly (P<.05) in myoblasts treated with H2O2. Myoblasts were more susceptible to ROS-induced oxidative stress than myotubes. We treated C2C12 myoblasts with 50 μM of resveratrol for periods up to 48 h to determine if myoblasts could be rescued from high-ROS-induced apoptosis by resveratrol. Resveratrol reduced the apoptotic index and significantly reduced the ROS-induced caspase-9, -8 and -3 activity in myoblasts. Furthermore, Bcl-2 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were partially rescued in myoblasts by resveratrol treatment. Similarly, muscle stem cells isolated from mouse skeletal muscles showed reduced Sirt1 protein abundance with H2O2 treatment, but this could be reversed by resveratrol. Reduced apoptotic susceptibility in myoblasts as compared to myotubes to ROS is regulated, at least in part, by enhanced p21 promoter activity and nuclear p21 location in myotubes. Resveratrol confers further protection against ROS by improving Sirt1 levels and increasing antioxidant production, which reduces mitochondrial associated apoptotic signaling, and cell death in myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Haramizu
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Shinichi Asano
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - David C Butler
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - David A Stanton
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Ameena Hajira
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Junaith S Mohamed
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Stephen E Alway
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Dept. Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV.
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14
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The small heat shock protein Hsp27: Present understanding and future prospects. J Therm Biol 2017; 69:149-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Nielsen JL, Aagaard P, Prokhorova TA, Nygaard T, Bech RD, Suetta C, Frandsen U. Blood flow restricted training leads to myocellular macrophage infiltration and upregulation of heat shock proteins, but no apparent muscle damage. J Physiol 2017; 595:4857-4873. [PMID: 28481416 DOI: 10.1113/jp273907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Muscular contractions performed using a combination of low external loads and partial restriction of limb blood flow appear to induce substantial gains in muscle strength and muscle mass. This exercise regime may initially induce muscular stress and damage; however, the effects of a period of blood flow restricted training on these parameters remain largely unknown. The present study shows that short-term, high-frequency, low-load muscle training performed with partial blood flow restriction does not induce significant muscular damage. However, signs of myocellular stress and inflammation that were observed in the early phase of training and after the training intervention, respectively, may be facilitating the previously reported gains in myogenic satellite cell content and muscle hypertrophy. The present results improve our current knowledge about the physiological effects of low-load muscular contractions performed under blood flow restriction and may provide important information of relevance for future therapeutic treatment of muscular atrophy. ABSTRACT Previous studies indicate that low-load muscle contractions performed under local blood flow restriction (BFR) may initially induce muscle damage and stress. However, whether these factors are evoked with longitudinal BFR training remains unexplored at the myocellular level. Two distinct study protocols were conducted, covering 3 weeks (3 wk) or one week (1 wk). Subjects performed BFR exercise (100 mmHg, 20% 1RM) to concentric failure (BFRE) (3 wk/1 wk), while controls performed work-matched (LLE) (3 wk) or high-load (HLE; 70% 1RM) (1 wk) free-flow exercise. Muscle biopsies (3 wk) were obtained at baseline (Pre), 8 days into the intervention (Mid8), and 3 and 10 days after training cessation (Post3, Post10) to examine macrophage (M1/M2) content as well as heat shock protein (HSP27/70) and tenascin-C expression. Blood samples (1 wk) were collected before and after (0.1-24 h) the first and last training session to examine markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase), oxidative stress (total antibody capacity, glutathione) and inflammation (monocyte chemotactic protein-1, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor α). M1-macrophage content increased 108-165% with BFRE and LLE at Post3 (P < 0.05), while M2-macrophages increased (163%) with BFRE only (P < 0.01). Membrane and intracellular HSP27 expression increased 60-132% at Mid8 with BFRE (P < 0.05-0.01). No or only minor changes were observed in circulating markers of muscle damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. The amplitude, timing and localization of the above changes indicate that only limited muscle damage was evoked with BFRE. This study is the first to show that a period of high-frequency, low-load BFR training does not appear to induce general myocellular damage. However, signs of tissue inflammation and focal myocellular membrane stress and/or reorganization were observed that may be involved in the adaptation processes evoked by BFR muscle exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob L Nielsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, and SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Aagaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, and SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tatyana A Prokhorova
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, and SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tobias Nygaard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune D Bech
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Suetta
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Frandsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, and SDU Muscle Research Cluster (SMRC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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16
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Comparative proteomic analysis of liver antioxidant mechanisms in Megalobrama amblycephala stimulated with dietary emodin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40356. [PMID: 28084435 PMCID: PMC5233964 DOI: 10.1038/srep40356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a toxicological endpoint that correlates with the nutrition status of fish through cellular damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. In order to understand the antioxidant mechanism induced by dietary emodin in Megalobrama amblycephala liver, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the proteome alteration under emodin administration. 27 altered protein spots were separated under 30 mg kg-1 emodin stimulation based on 2-DE, and were all successfully identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF, representing 17 unique proteins. These proteins were functionally classified into antioxidant, metabolism, cytoskeleton, chaperone, signal transduction and cofactor groups. Network interaction and Gene Ontology annotation indicated 10 unique proteins were closely related to antioxidation and directly regulated by each other. Compared with the control group, administration of 30 mg kg-1 emodin significantly increased the antioxidant-related mRNA expressions of GPx1, GSTm and HSP70, but decreased the mRNA expressions of GAPDH and Sord, which was consistent with the protein expression. Nevertheless, Pgk1 and Aldh8a1 were up- and down-regulated, and ALDOB was down- and up-regulated at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. These results revealed that the altered proteins enhanced antioxidation via complex regulatory mechanisms, and 30 mg kg-1 emodin was a suitable immunostimulant for M. amblycephala.
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17
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Hwang YS, Ko MH, Kim YM, Park YH, Ono T, Han JY. The avian-specific small heat shock protein HSP25 is a constitutive protector against environmental stresses during blastoderm dormancy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36704. [PMID: 27827412 PMCID: PMC5101479 DOI: 10.1038/srep36704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) range in size from 12 to 42 kDa and contain an α-crystalline domain. They have been proposed to play roles in the first line of defence against various stresses in an ATP-independent manner. In birds, a newly oviposited blastoderm can survive several weeks in a dormant state in low-temperature storage suggesting that blastoderm cells are basically tolerant of environmental stress. However, sHSPs in the stress-tolerant blastoderm have yet to be investigated. Thus, we characterised the expression and function of sHSPs in the chicken blastoderm. We found that chicken HSP25 was expressed especially in the blastoderm and was highly upregulated during low-temperature storage. Multiple alignments, phylogenetic trees, and expression in the blastoderms of Japanese quail and zebra finch showed homologues of HSP25 were conserved in other avian species. After knockdown of chicken HSP25, the expression of pluripotency marker genes decreased significantly. Furthermore, loss of function studies demonstrated that chicken HSP25 is associated with anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and pro-autophagic effects in chicken blastoderm cells. Collectively, these results suggest avian HSP25 could play an important role in association with the first line of cellular defences against environmental stress and the protection of future embryonic cells in the avian blastoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mee Hyun Ko
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tamao Ono
- Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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18
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Ueda S, Kokaji Y, Simizu S, Honda K, Yoshino KI, Kamisoyama H, Shirai Y, Yamanoue M. Chicken heat shock protein HSPB1 increases and interacts with αB-crystallin in aged skeletal muscle. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1867-75. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1061419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
International trading markets of meat require the animal’s age information to prevent cross-contamination of ineligible meat products. Individual livestock age is either evaluated from physiological features or verified by breeding history. However, it remains impossible to perform age verification on meat when a suspicion of error occurred in the importing country. To investigate an age-related protein in skeletal muscle of livestock, we compared protein expression among chicken pectoralis major of different ages. Results indicated that the level of expression of chicken HSPB1, one of the small heat shock proteins, was increased in aged muscles. On the other hand, other heat shock proteins, heat shock factors, and myosin heavy chain isoform did not change the expression levels in aged chicken muscle. In addition, we identified that αB-crystallin interacted with HSPB1 in aged chicken muscle. These results suggest that HSPB1 protein forms complexes with αB-crystallin in aged chicken muscle and suppose to become the candidate of age-related bio-marker for verifying the age of chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ueda
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kokaji
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Simizu
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Honda
- Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yoshino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamisoyama
- Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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19
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Wang X, Wu Q, Wan D, Liu Q, Chen D, Liu Z, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Martínez MA, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fumonisins: oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:81-101. [PMID: 26419546 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisins (FBs) are widespread Fusarium toxins commonly found as corn contaminants. FBs could cause a variety of diseases in animals and humans, such as hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatocarcinogenic and cytotoxic effects in mammals. To date, almost no review has addressed the toxicity of FBs in relation to oxidative stress and their metabolism. The focus of this article is primarily intended to summarize the progress in research associated with oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for FB-induced toxicity as well as the metabolism. The present review showed that studies have been carried out over the last three decades to elucidate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress as a result of FBs treatment and have correlated them with various types of FBs toxicity, indicating that oxidative stress plays critical roles in the toxicity of FBs. The major metabolic pathways of FBs are hydrolysis, acylation and transamination. Ceramide synthase, carboxylesterase FumD and aminotransferase FumI could degrade FB1 and FB2. The cecal microbiota of pigs and alkaline processing such as nixtamalization can also transform FB1 into metabolites. Most of the metabolites of FB1 were less toxic than FB1, except its partial (pHFB1) metabolites. Further understanding of the role of oxidative stress in FB-induced toxicity will throw new light on the use of antioxidants, scavengers of ROS, as well as on the blind spots of metabolism and the metabolizing enzymes of FBs. The present review might contribute to reveal the toxicity of FBs and help to protect against their oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Wan
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - María Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Aránzazu Martínez
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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20
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Dhanwani R, Khan M, Lomash V, Rao PVL, Ly H, Parida M. Characterization of chikungunya virus induced host response in a mouse model of viral myositis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92813. [PMID: 24667237 PMCID: PMC3965460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While a number of studies have documented the persistent presence of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in muscle tissue with primary fibroblast as the preferable cell target, little is known regarding the alterations that take place in muscle tissue in response to CHIKV infection. Hence, in the present study a permissive mouse model of CHIKV infection was established and characterized in order to understand the pathophysiology of the disease. The two dimensional electrophoresis of muscle proteome performed for differential analysis indicated a drastic reprogramming of the proteins from various classes like stress, inflammation, cytoskeletal, energy and lipid metabolism. The roles of the affected proteins were explained in relation to virus induced myopathy which was further supported by the histopathological and behavioural experiments proving the lack of hind limb coordination and other loco-motor abnormalities in the infected mice. Also, the level of various pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-6, MCP-1, Rantes and TNF-α was significantly elevated in muscles of infected mice. Altogether this comprehensive study of characterizing CHIKV induced mouse myopathy provides many potential targets for further evaluation and biomarker study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Dhanwani
- Department of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, India
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Department of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, India
| | - Vinay Lomash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, India
| | | | - Hinh Ly
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, Minnestoa, United States of America
| | - Manmohan Parida
- Department of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior, India
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21
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Dubińska-Magiera M, Jabłońska J, Saczko J, Kulbacka J, Jagla T, Daczewska M. Contribution of small heat shock proteins to muscle development and function. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:517-30. [PMID: 24440355 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigations undertaken over the past years have led scientists to introduce the concept of protein quality control (PQC) systems, which are responsible for polypeptide processing. The PQC system monitors proteostasis and involves activity of different chaperones such as small heat shock proteins (sHSPs). These proteins act during normal conditions as housekeeping proteins regulating cellular processes, and during stress conditions. They also mediate the removal of toxic misfolded polypeptides and thereby prevent development of pathogenic states. It is postulated that sHSPs are involved in muscle development. They could act via modulation of myogenesis or by maintenance of the structural integrity of signaling complexes. Moreover, mutations in genes coding for sHSPs lead to pathological states affecting muscular tissue functioning. This review focuses on the question how sHSPs, still relatively poorly understood proteins, contribute to the development and function of three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dubińska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Jabłońska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Jagla
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U384, Faculté de Medecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
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22
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Lomiwes D, Farouk M, Wiklund E, Young O. Small heat shock proteins and their role in meat tenderness: A review. Meat Sci 2014; 96:26-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Huey KA, Hilliard CA, Hunt CR. Effect of HSP25 loss on muscle contractile function and running wheel activity in young and old mice. Front Physiol 2013; 4:398. [PMID: 24427142 PMCID: PMC3875868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an adverse decline in muscle function, often manifesting as decreased strength and increased muscle fatigability that negatively affects the overall health of the elderly. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a family of stress inducible proteins known to protect cells from damage, are highly induced in muscle cells following exercise, but both basal and inducible levels decline with age. Utilizing young and old mice lacking HSP25 (Hsp25−/−) we tested the hypothesis that HSP25 is required to maintain normal muscle function and that age related decreases in HSP25 directly contribute to declining muscle function. Running wheel distances over 14 days for young Hsp25−/− mice were significantly lower than for the corresponding Hsp25+/+ genotype (81238 vs. 33956 AUC, respectively). While older groups both ran significantly less than young groups, in aged mice HSP25 loss did not lead to any additional decrease. Significantly lower myofibrillar (contractile) protein levels in young Hsp25−/− vs. Hsp25+/+ (15.7 ± 0.2 vs. 13.4 ± 0.3 mg/mg muscle) mice suggests HSP25 loss was associated with greater muscle breakdown during voluntary wheel running. In vivo, plantarflexor maximal isometric force was significantly decreased in aged vs. young mice, but the loss of HSP25 had no effect on either group. However, plantarflexor fatigability over 10 contractions was significantly higher in young Hsp25−/− vs. Hsp25+/+ mice (59 ± 3 vs. 49 ± 4% of initial force, respectively) but no similar effect of genotype was detected in the older groups. There was no difference in muscle caspase-3 activity between Hsp25−/− and Hsp25+/+ mice, whether young or old, but there was a significant genotype independent increase in activity with age. Overall, the results suggest that the absence of HSP25 primarily contributes to muscle fatigue resistance, rather than maximal force production, and that this effect is most evident in young compared to older mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Huey
- Muscle Physiology Lab, Department of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical, and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Drake University, Des Moines IA, USA
| | - Carolyn A Hilliard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO, USA
| | - Clayton R Hunt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis MO, USA
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Fittipaldi S, Dimauro I, Mercatelli N, Caporossi D. Role of exercise-induced reactive oxygen species in the modulation of heat shock protein response. Free Radic Res 2013; 48:52-70. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.835047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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25
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Cobalt triggers necrotic cell death and atrophy in skeletal C2C12 myotubes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 271:196-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Sakurai T, Kudo M, Umemura A, He G, Elsharkawy AM, Seki E, Karin M. p38α inhibits liver fibrogenesis and consequent hepatocarcinogenesis by curtailing accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Cancer Res 2012; 73:215-24. [PMID: 23271722 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) develop in the context of severe liver fibrosis and cirrhosis caused by chronic liver inflammation, which also results in accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we examined whether the stress-activated protein kinase p38α (Mapk14) controls ROS metabolism and development of fibrosis and cancer in mice given thioacetamide to induce chronic liver injury. Liver-specific p38α ablation was found to enhance ROS accumulation, which appears to be exerted through the reduced expression of antioxidant protein HSP25 (Hspb1), a mouse homolog of HSP27. Its reexpression in p38α-deficient liver prevents ROS accumulation and thioacetamide-induced fibrosis. p38α deficiency increased expression of SOX2, a marker for cancer stem cells and the liver oncoproteins c-Jun (Jun) and Gankyrin (Psmd10) and led to enhanced thioacetamide-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. The upregulation of SOX2 and c-Jun was prevented by administration of the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole. Intriguingly, the risk of human HCC recurrence is positively correlated with ROS accumulation in liver. Thus, p38α and its target HSP25/HSP27 appear to play a conserved and critical hepatoprotective function by curtailing ROS accumulation in liver parenchymal cells engaged in oxidative metabolism of exogenous chemicals. Augmented oxidative stress of liver parenchymal cells may explain the close relationship between liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Sakurai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Ohnohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan
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27
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Dimauro I, Pearson T, Caporossi D, Jackson MJ. In vitro susceptibility of thioredoxins and glutathione to redox modification and aging-related changes in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:2017-27. [PMID: 23022873 PMCID: PMC3657158 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (Trx's) regulate redox signaling and are localized to various cellular compartments. Specific redox-regulated pathways for adaptation of skeletal muscle to contractions are attenuated during aging, but little is known about the roles of Trx's in regulating these pathways. This study investigated the susceptibility of Trx1 and Trx2 in skeletal muscle to oxidation and reduction in vitro and the effects of aging and contractions on Trx1, Trx2, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) 1 and 2 contents and nuclear and cytosolic Trx1 and mitochondrial Trx2 redox potentials in vivo. The proportions of cytosolic and nuclear Trx1 and mitochondrial Trx2 in the oxidized or reduced forms were analyzed using redox Western blotting. In myotubes, the mean redox potentials were nuclear Trx1, -251 mV; cytosolic Trx1, -242mV; mitochondrial Trx2, -346mV, data supporting the occurrence of differing redox potentials between cell compartments. Exogenous treatment of myoblasts and myotubes with hydrogen peroxide or dithiothreitol modified glutathione redox status and nuclear and cytosolic Trx1, but mitochondrial Trx2 was unchanged. Tibialis anterior muscles from young and old mice were exposed to isometric muscle contractions in vivo. Aging increased muscle contents of Trx1, Trx2, and TrxR2, but neither aging nor endogenous ROS generated during contractions modified Trx redox potentials, although oxidation of glutathione and other thiols occurred. We conclude that glutathione redox couples in skeletal muscle are more susceptible to oxidation than Trx and that Trx proteins are upregulated during aging, but do not appear to modulate redox-regulated adaptations to contractions that fail during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dimauro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” 00194 Rome, Italy
| | - Timothy Pearson
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3 GA, UK
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” 00194 Rome, Italy
| | - Malcolm J. Jackson
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3 GA, UK
- Corresponding author. Fax: +44 (0) 151706580.
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28
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Avenatti R. The intersection of inflammation, insulin resistance and ageing: implications for the study of molecular signalling pathways in horses. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/cep12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation-associated insulin resistance contributes to chronic disease in humans and other long-lived species, such as horses. Insulin resistance arises due to an imbalance among molecular signalling mediators in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in the aged and obese. The mammalian heat shock protein response has received much attention as an avenue for attenuating inflammatory mediator signalling and for contributing to preservation and restoration of insulin signalling in metabolically important tissues. Data on heat shock proteins and inflammatory signalling mediators in untrained and aged horses are lacking, and horses represent an untapped resource for studying the mediator imbalance contributing to insulin resistance in a comparative model.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.C. Avenatti
- Rutgers Equine Science Center, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 57 U.S. Highway 1, New Brunswick, NJ 08850, USA
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29
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Mymrikov EV, Seit-Nebi AS, Gusev NB. Large potentials of small heat shock proteins. Physiol Rev 2011; 91:1123-59. [PMID: 22013208 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00023.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern classification of the family of human small heat shock proteins (the so-called HSPB) is presented, and the structure and properties of three members of this family are analyzed in detail. Ubiquitously expressed HSPB1 (HSP27) is involved in the control of protein folding and, when mutated, plays a significant role in the development of certain neurodegenerative disorders. HSPB1 directly or indirectly participates in the regulation of apoptosis, protects the cell against oxidative stress, and is involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton. HSPB6 (HSP20) also possesses chaperone-like activity, is involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, has pronounced cardioprotective activity, and seems to participate in insulin-dependent regulation of muscle metabolism. HSPB8 (HSP22) prevents accumulation of aggregated proteins in the cell and participates in the regulation of proteolysis of unfolded proteins. HSPB8 also seems to be directly or indirectly involved in regulation of apoptosis and carcinogenesis, contributes to cardiac cell hypertrophy and survival and, when mutated, might be involved in development of neurodegenerative diseases. All small heat shock proteins play important "housekeeping" roles and regulate many vital processes; therefore, they are considered as attractive therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V Mymrikov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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30
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Meador BM, Huey KA. Statin-associated changes in skeletal muscle function and stress response after novel or accustomed exercise. Muscle Nerve 2011; 44:882-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Nutrition, sirtuins and aging. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 1:85-93. [PMID: 18850202 DOI: 10.1007/bf02829950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Beyond our inherited genetic make-up environmental factors are central for health and disease and finally determine our life span. Amongst the environmental factors nutrition plays a prominent role in affecting a variety of degenerative processes that are linked to aging. The exponential increase of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in industrialized nations as a consequence of a long-lasting caloric supernutrition is an expression of this environmental challenge that also affects aging processes. The most consistent effects along the environmental factors that slow down aging - from simple organisms to rodents and primates - have been observed for caloric restriction. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, sirtuins (silencing information regulators) have been identified to mediate as "molecular sensors" the effects of caloric restriction on aging processes. Sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases that are activated when e.g. cell energy status is low and the NAD(+) over NADH ratio is high. As a consequence transcription rates of a variety of genes including that of the apoptosis inducing p(53) gene are reduced. Moreover, in C. elegans, sirtuins were shown to interact with proteins of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling cascade of which several members are known to extend life span of the nematodes when mutated. Downstream targets of this pathway include genes that encode antioxidative enzymes such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD) whose transcription is activated when receptor activation by insulin/IGF is low or when sirtuins are active and the ability of cells to resist oxidative damage appears to determine their life span. Amongst dietary factors that activate sirtuins are certain polyphenols such as quercetin and resveratrol. Whereas their ability to affect life span has been demonstrated in simple organisms, their efficacy in mammals awaits proof of principle.
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32
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Chung SH, Calafiore M, Plane JM, Pleasure DE, Deng W. Apoptosis inducing factor deficiency causes reduced mitofusion 1 expression and patterned Purkinje cell degeneration. Neurobiol Dis 2011; 41:445-57. [PMID: 20974255 PMCID: PMC3014456 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration in mitochondrial dynamics has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) plays a key role in multiple cellular and disease processes. Using immunoblotting and flow cytometry analysis with Harlequin mutant mice that have a proviral insertion in the AIF gene, we first revealed that mitofusion 1 (Mfn1), a key mitochondrial fusion protein, is significantly diminished in Purkinje cells of the Harlequin cerebellum. Next, we investigated the cerebellar pathology of Harlequin mice in an age-dependent fashion, and identified a striking process of progressive and patterned Purkinje cell degeneration. Using immunohistochemistry with zebrin II, the most studied compartmentalization marker in the cerebellum, we found that zebrin II-negative Purkinje cells first started to degenerate at 7 months of age. By 11 months of age, almost half of the Purkinje cells were degenerated. Subsequently, most of the Purkinje cells disappeared in the Harlequin cerebellum. The surviving Purkinje cells were concentrated in cerebellar lobules IX and X, where these cells were positive for heat shock protein 25 and resistant to degeneration. We further showed that the patterned Purkinje cell degeneration was dependent on caspase but not poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation, and confirmed the marked decrease of Mfn1 in the Harlequin cerebellum. Our results identified a previously unrecognized role of AIF in Purkinje cell degeneration, and revealed that AIF deficiency leads to altered mitochondrial fusion and caspase-dependent cerebellar Purkinje cell loss in Harlequin mice. This study is the first to link AIF and mitochondrial fusion, both of which might play important roles in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyuk Chung
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817
| | - Marco Calafiore
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817
| | - Jennifer M. Plane
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817
| | - David E. Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817
| | - Wenbin Deng
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California 95817
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33
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Nonaka K, Akiyama J, Tatsuta N, Iwata A. Thermal Preconditioning Attenuates Exercise-induced Muscle Injury in Mice. J Phys Ther Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.23.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nonaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University
- Health Welfare Laboratory, Kibi International University
| | | | - Naomi Tatsuta
- Health Welfare Laboratory, Kibi International University
| | - Akira Iwata
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University
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Strauss M, Rada A, Tejero F, Hermoso T. Heat stress in rat adriamycin cardiomyopathy: heat shock protein 25 and Myosin accumulation. J Toxicol Pathol 2010; 23:235-43. [PMID: 22272033 PMCID: PMC3234633 DOI: 10.1293/tox.23.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia on adriamycin cardiomyopathy and
its relationship with heat shock protein induction and myosin accumulation,
female Sprague-Dawley rats (21–24 days) were randomized into four groups: the
control, adriamycin, temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. Adriamycin
was injected i.v. at a dose of 27 mg/Kg (0.1 ml). The rats were exposed to a
temperature of 45ºC for 35 min, followed by a recovery (1 h) at room temperature
prior to adriamycin treatment. Body weight was recorded weekly. The thickness of
the ventricular wall and percentage of cellular damage were biometrically and
ultrastructurally evaluated, respectively. Heat shock protein 25 and myosin
accumulation were determined through Western blot analysis. The determinations
were carried out monthly until the third month after treatment. At eight and
twelve weeks after treatment, the thickness of the ventricular wall seemed to
decrease in the adriamycin-treated rats in relation to the other groups. An
electron microscopic analysis of the adriamycin group’s left ventricular wall
samples, showed more sarcomeric changes and loss of myofibrils than the control,
temperature and temperature-adriamycin groups. At 24 hours after treatment with
adriamycin, higher levels of heat shock protein 25 and myosin were observed
(week 0) in the temperature-adriamycin group than in the control and adriamycin
groups (4, 8 and 12 weeks). Hyperthermia was confirmed by a multivariate
approach to induce heat shock protein 25 and myosin, which would strengthen
cardiac-sarcomeric myosin arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Strauss
- Sección de Biología Celular, Instituto de Medicina
Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A,
Venezuela
| | - Alegna Rada
- Sección de Biología Celular, Instituto de Medicina
Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A,
Venezuela
| | - Félix Tejero
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad
de Ciencias. Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela
| | - Tomás Hermoso
- Sección de Bioquímica de Parásitos, Instituto de
Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela,
Caracas 1041A, Venezuela
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Morris JK, Bomhoff GL, Stanford JA, Geiger PC. Neurodegeneration in an animal model of Parkinson's disease is exacerbated by a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2010; 299:R1082-90. [PMID: 20702796 PMCID: PMC2957375 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00449.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous clinical studies supporting a link between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Parkinson's disease (PD), the clinical literature remains equivocal. We, therefore, sought to address the relationship between insulin resistance and nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) in a preclinical animal model. High-fat feeding in rodents is an established model of insulin resistance, characterized by increased adiposity, systemic oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia. We subjected rats to a normal chow or high-fat diet for 5 wk before infusing 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle. Our goal was to determine whether a high-fat diet and the resulting peripheral insulin resistance would exacerbate 6-OHDA-induced nigrostriatal DA depletion. Prior to 6-OHDA infusion, animals on the high-fat diet exhibited greater body weight, increased adiposity, and impaired glucose tolerance. Two weeks after 6-OHDA, locomotor activity was tested, and brain and muscle tissue was harvested. Locomotor activity did not differ between the groups nor did cholesterol levels or measures of muscle atrophy. High-fat-fed animals exhibited higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values and attenuated insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in fast-twitch muscle, indicating decreased insulin sensitivity. Animals in the high-fat group also exhibited greater DA depletion in the substantia nigra and the striatum, which correlated with HOMA-IR and adiposity. Decreased phosphorylation of HSP27 and degradation of IκBα in the substantia nigra indicate increased tissue oxidative stress. These findings support the hypothesis that a diet high in fat and the resulting insulin resistance may lower the threshold for developing PD, at least following DA-specific toxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Morris
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, 66160, USA
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36
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Meador BM, Huey KA. Statin-associated myopathy and its exacerbation with exercise. Muscle Nerve 2010; 42:469-79. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.21817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Zhang X, Min X, Li C, Benjamin IJ, Qian B, Zhang X, Ding Z, Gao X, Yao Y, Ma Y, Cheng Y, Liu L. Involvement of reductive stress in the cardiomyopathy in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of heat shock protein 27. Hypertension 2010; 55:1412-7. [PMID: 20439823 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cardiac diseases, which has been well demonstrated, whereas the role of reductive stress has been poorly investigated. We and others have shown previously that heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) plays a role as an antioxidant. To investigate whether overexpression of Hsp27 could lead to reductive stress and result in cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice with different expression levels of Hsp27. We observed that transgenic mice with high levels of Hsp27 developed cardiomyopathy. The myopathic hearts were under reductive stress, which was evidenced by an increased ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione and a decreased level of reactive oxygen species. In addition, upregulated glutathione peroxidase 1 and decreased iron content were revealed in the myopathic hearts. More importantly, inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 1 significantly attenuated the development of cardiomyopathy. The data indicate that the Hsp27-induced cardiomyopathy could be attributed to, at least in part, upregulation of glutathione peroxidase 1. Our findings suggest that reductive stress plays an important role in the development of cardiomyopathy and that Hsp27 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of patients with cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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38
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Zhu Y, Zhu J, Wan X, Zhu Y, Zhang T. Gene expression of sHsps, Hsp40 and Hsp60 families in normal and abnormal embryonic development of mouse forelimbs. Toxicol Lett 2010; 193:242-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lack of maternal Heat Shock Factor 1 results in multiple cellular and developmental defects, including mitochondrial damage and altered redox homeostasis, and leads to reduced survival of mammalian oocytes and embryos. Dev Biol 2010; 339:338-53. [PMID: 20045681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 12/12/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) is a transcription factor whose loss of function results in the inability of Hsf1(-/-) females to produce viable embryos, as a consequence of early developmental arrest. We previously demonstrated that maternal HSF1 is required in oocytes to regulate expression of chaperones, in particular Hsp90alpha, and is essential for the progression of meiotic maturation. In the present work, we used comparative morphological and biochemical analytic approaches to better understand how Hsf1(-/-) oocytes undergo irreversible cell death. We found that the metaphase II arrest in mature oocytes, cortical granule exocytosis and formation of pronuclei in zygotes were all impaired in Hsf1(-/-) mutants. Although oogenesis generated fully grown oocytes in follicles, intra-ovarian Hsf1(-/-) oocytes displayed ultrastructural abnormalities and contained dysfunctional mitochondria as well as elevated oxidant load. Finally, the apoptotic effector, caspase-3, was activated in most mutant oocytes and embryos, reflecting their commitment to apoptosis. In conclusion, our study shows that early post-ovulation events are particularly sensitive to oxidant insult, which abrogates the developmental competence of HSF1-depleted oocytes. They also reveal that Hsf1 knock-out mice constitute a genetic model that can be used to evaluate the importance of redox homeostasis in oocytes.
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40
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Tucker NR, Ustyugov A, Bryantsev AL, Konkel ME, Shelden EA. Hsp27 is persistently expressed in zebrafish skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues but dispensable for their morphogenesis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2009; 14:521-33. [PMID: 19238587 PMCID: PMC2728285 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-009-0105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive expression of Hsp27 has been demonstrated in vertebrate embryos, especially in developing skeletal and cardiac muscle. Results of several previous studies have indicated that Hsp27 could play a role in the development of these tissues. For example, inhibition of Hsp27 expression has been reported to cause defective development of mammalian myoblasts in vitro and frog embryos in vivo. In contrast, transgenic mice lacking Hsp27 develop normally. Here, we examined the distribution of Hsp27 protein in developing and adult zebrafish and effects of suppressing Hsp27 expression using phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMO) on zebrafish development. Consistent with our previous analysis of hsp27 messenger RNA expression, we detected the protein Hsp27 in cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle of both embryonic and adult zebrafish. However, embryos lacking detectable Hsp27 after injection of antisense hsp27 PMO exhibited comparable heart beat rates to that of control embryos and cardiac morphology was indistinguishable in the presence or absence of Hsp27. Loss of Hsp27 also had no effect on the structure of the skeletal muscle myotomes in the developing embryo. Finally, embryos injected with antisense hsp27 and scrambled control PMO displayed equal motility. We conclude that Hsp27 is dispensable for zebrafish morphogenesis but could play a role in long-term maintenance of heart and muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Tucker
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Alexey Ustyugov
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Anton L. Bryantsev
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Michael E. Konkel
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Eric. A. Shelden
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
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41
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Luo SW, Zhang C, Zhang B, Kim CH, Qiu YZ, Du QS, Mei L, Xiong WC. Regulation of heterochromatin remodelling and myogenin expression during muscle differentiation by FAK interaction with MBD2. EMBO J 2009; 28:2568-82. [PMID: 19661918 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a major cell adhesion-activated tyrosine kinase, has an important function in cell adhesion and migration. Here, we report a new signalling of FAK in regulating chromatin remodelling by its interaction with MBD2 (methyl CpG-binding protein 2), underlying FAK regulation of myogenin expression and muscle differentiation. FAK interacts with MBD2 in vitro, in myotubes, and in isolated muscle fibres. Such an interaction, increased in myotubes exposed to oxidative stress, enhances FAK nuclear localization. The nuclear FAK-MBD2 complexes alter heterochromatin reorganization and decrease MBD2 association with HDAC1 (histone deacetylase complex 1) and methyl CpG site in the myogenin promoter, thus, inducing myogenin expression. In line with this view are observations that blocking FAK nuclear localization by expressing dominant negative MBD2 or suppression of FAK expression by its miRNA in C2C12 cells attenuates myogenin induction and/or impairs muscle-terminal differentiation. Together, these results suggest an earlier unrecognized role of FAK in regulating chromatin remodelling that is important for myogenin expression and muscle-terminal differentiation, reveal a new mechanism of MBD2 regulation by FAK family tyrosine kinases, and provide a link between cell adhesion and chromatin remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wen Luo
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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42
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Morton JP, Kayani AC, McArdle A, Drust B. The Exercise-Induced Stress Response of Skeletal Muscle, with Specific Emphasis on Humans. Sports Med 2009; 39:643-62. [DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200939080-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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43
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Yu J, Tang S, Bao E, Zhang M, Hao Q, Yue Z. The effect of transportation on the expression of heat shock proteins and meat quality of M. longissimus dorsi in pigs. Meat Sci 2009; 83:474-8. [PMID: 20416675 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of different transport times on meat quality and the correlation between meat quality and Hsp expression in M. longissimus dorsi (LD) of pigs. After transportation for 1h, 2h or 4h, respectively, blood plasma creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased. The LD meat from 1h and 2h transported pigs had lower initial and ultimate pH values (pHi and pHu, respectively), higher drip loss and L(∗) values compared to controls, indicating a higher likelihood of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) meat. Meat quality was lower after 2h compared to 1h or 4h of transport. All four Hsps tested (alpha-B-crystalline, Hsp27, Hsp70 and Hsp90) by ELISA in the LD tissue of pigs tended to decrease after transportation. One possible mechanism resulting in poor meat quality in the LD after transport seems to be a decline in Hsp expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimian Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
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44
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Swindell WR. Heat shock proteins in long-lived worms and mice with insulin/insulin-like signaling mutations. Aging (Albany NY) 2009; 1:573-7. [PMID: 20157538 PMCID: PMC2806032 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock
proteins (HSPs) have proven to be effective tools for extending
invertebrate lifespan, and inC. elegans daf-2 mutants,
longevity resulting from loss of insulin / insulin-like signals is at least
partly dependent upon elevated HSP expression. In mice, inhibition of the
orthologous growth hormone / insulin-like growth factor I (GH / IGF-I)
pathway has similar pro-longevity effects. A recent study, however,
suggests that loss of GH / IGF-I signals in long-lived mice does not
broadly elevate HSP expression, but in fact decreases HSP expression in
many tissue types, such as liver and kidney. The contribution of chaperones
to the longevity of long-lived mice with altered GH / IGF-I signals may therefore
differ from that described in C. elegans daf-2 mutants. This result,
in combination with other recent findings, underscores the possibility that
systemic overexpression of chaperones will have dissimilar effects on
longevity in vertebrate and invertebrate systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- University of Michigan, Departments of Pathology and Geriatrics, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA.
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45
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Da Silva-Azevedo L, Jähne S, Hoffmann C, Stalder D, Heller M, Pries AR, Zakrzewicz A, Baum O. Up-regulation of the peroxiredoxin-6 related metabolism of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle of mice lacking neuronal nitric oxide synthase. J Physiol 2008; 587:655-68. [PMID: 19047200 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2008.164947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Although neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) plays a substantial role in skeletal muscle physiology, nNOS-knockout mice manifest an only mild phenotypic malfunction in this tissue. To identify proteins that might be involved in adaptive responses in skeletal muscle of knockout mice lacking nNOS, 2D-PAGE with silver-staining and subsequent tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed using extracts of extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) derived from nNOS-knockout mice in comparison to C57Bl/6 control mice. Six proteins were significantly (P < or = 0.05) more highly expressed in EDL of nNOS-knockout mice than in that of C57 control mice, all of which are involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These included prohibitin (2.0-fold increase), peroxiredoxin-3 (1.9-fold increase), Cu(2+)/Zn(2+)-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD; 1.9-fold increase), heat shock protein beta-1 (HSP25; 1.7-fold increase) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (2.6-fold increase). A significantly higher expression (4.1-fold increase) and a pI shift from 6.5 to 5.9 of peroxiredoxin-6 in the EDL of nNOS-knockout mice were confirmed by quantitative immunoblotting. The concentrations of the mRNA encoding five of these proteins (the exception being prohibitin) were likewise significantly (P < or = 0.05) higher in the EDL of nNOS-knockout mice. A higher intrinsic hydrogen peroxidase activity (P < or = 0.05) was demonstrated in EDL of nNOS-knockout mice than C57 control mice, which was related to the presence of peroxiredoxin-6. The treatment of mice with the chemical NOS inhibitor L-NAME for 3 days induced a significant 3.4-fold up-regulation of peroxiredoxin-6 in the EDL of C57 control mice (P < or = 0.05), but did not alter its expression in EDL of nNOS-knockout mice. ESR spectrometry demonstrated the levels of superoxide to be 2.5-times higher (P < or = 0.05) in EDL of nNOS-knockout mice than in C57 control mice while an in vitro assay based on the emission of 2,7-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence disclosed the concentration of ROS to be similar in both strains of mice. We suggest that the up-regulation of proteins that are implicated in the metabolism of ROS, particularly of peroxiredoxin-6, within skeletal muscles of nNOS-knockout mice functionally compensates for the absence of nNOS in scavenging of superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Da Silva-Azevedo
- Department of Physiology, Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
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46
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Morris JK, Zhang H, Gupte AA, Bomhoff GL, Stanford JA, Geiger PC. Measures of striatal insulin resistance in a 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 2008; 1240:185-95. [PMID: 18805403 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Clinical evidence has shown a correlation between Parkinson's disease (PD) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), as abnormal glucose tolerance has been reported in >50% of PD patients. The development of insulin resistance and the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons are both mediated by oxidative mechanisms, and oxidative stress is likely a mechanistic link between these pathologies. Although glucose uptake in neuronal tissues is primarily non-insulin dependent, proteins involved in insulin signaling, such as insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), are present in the basal ganglia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether nigrostriatal DA depletion affects measures of insulin resistance in the striatum. Six weeks after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) infusion into the medial forebrain bundle, rats were classified as having either partial (20-65%) or severe (90-99%) striatal DA depletion. Increased IRS2 serine phosphorylation, a marker of insulin resistance, was observed in the DA-depleted striatum. Additionally, severe depletion resulted in decreased total IRS2, indicating possible degradation of the protein. Decreased phosphorylation of AKT and expression of the kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha (GSK3-alpha) was also measured in the striatum of severely DA-depleted animals. Finally, expression of heat shock protein 25 (Hsp25), which is protective against oxidative damage and can decrease stress kinase activity, was decreased in the striatum of lesioned rats. Together, these results support the hypothesis that nigrostriatal DA depletion impairs insulin signaling in the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Morris
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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47
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Sakurai T, He G, Matsuzawa A, Yu GY, Maeda S, Hardiman G, Karin M. Hepatocyte necrosis induced by oxidative stress and IL-1 alpha release mediate carcinogen-induced compensatory proliferation and liver tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2008; 14:156-65. [PMID: 18691550 PMCID: PMC2707922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte I kappaB kinase beta (IKK beta) inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by suppressing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and liver damage, whereas JNK1 activation promotes ROS accumulation, liver damage, and carcinogenesis. We examined whether hepatocyte p38 alpha, found to inhibit liver carcinogenesis, acts similarly to IKK beta in control of ROS metabolism and cell death. Hepatocyte-specific p38 alpha ablation enhanced ROS accumulation and liver damage, which were prevented upon administration of an antioxidant. In addition to elevated ROS accumulation, hepatocyte death, augmented by loss of either IKK beta or p38 alpha, was associated with release of IL-1 alpha. Inhibition of IL-1 alpha action or ablation of its receptor inhibited carcinogen-induced compensatory proliferation and liver tumorigenesis. IL-1 alpha release by necrotic hepatocytes is therefore an important mediator of liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Sakurai
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0723, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Guobin He
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0723, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA
| | - Atsushi Matsuzawa
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0723, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA
| | - Guann-Yi Yu
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0723, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA
| | - Shin Maeda
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Institute for Adult Disease, Asahi Life Foundation, 1-6-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0723, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA
- Correspondence: E-mail: ; Phone: (858) 534-1361; Fax: (858) 534-8158
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48
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Brown DD, Christine KS, Showell C, Conlon FL. Small heat shock protein Hsp27 is required for proper heart tube formation. Genesis 2008; 45:667-78. [PMID: 17987658 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The small heat shock protein Hsp27 has been shown to be involved in a diverse array of cellular processes, including cellular stress response, protein chaperone activity, regulation of cellular glutathione levels, apoptotic signaling, and regulation of actin polymerization and stability. Furthermore, mutation within Hsp27 has been associated with the human congenital neuropathy Charcot-Marie Tooth (CMT) disease. Hsp27 is known to be expressed in developing embryonic tissues; however, little has been done to determine the endogenous requirement for Hsp27 in developing embryos. In this study, we show that depletion of XHSP27 protein results in a failure of cardiac progenitor fusion resulting in cardia bifida. Furthermore, we demonstrate a concomitant disorganization of actin filament organization and defects in myofibril assembly. Moreover, these defects are not associated with alterations in specification or differentiation. We have thus demonstrated a critical requirement for XHSP27 in developing cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Brown
- Department of Biology, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280, USA
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49
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Huang L, Min JN, Masters S, Mivechi NF, Moskophidis D. Insights into function and regulation of small heat shock protein 25 (HSPB1) in a mouse model with targeted gene disruption. Genesis 2007; 45:487-501. [PMID: 17661394 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian small heat shock protein (sHSPs) family is comprised of 10 members and includes HSPB1, which is proposed to play an essential role in cellular physiology, acting as a molecular chaperone to regulate diverse cellular processes. Whilst differential roles for sHSPs are suggested for specific tissues, the relative contribution of individual sHSP family members in cellular and organ physiology remains unclear. To address the function of HSPB1 in vivo and determine its tissue-specific expression during development and in the adult, we generated knock-in mice where the coding sequence of hspb1 is replaced by a lacZ reporter gene. Hspb1 expression marks myogenic differentiation with specific expression first confined to developing cardiac muscles and the vascular system, and later in skeletal muscles with specific expression at advanced stages of myoblast differentiation. In the adult, hspb1 expression was observed in other tissues, such as stratified squamous epithelium of skin, oronasal cavity, tongue, esophagus, and uterine cervix but its expression was most prominent in the musculature. Interestingly, in cardiac muscle hsbp1 expression was down-regulated during the neonatal period and maintained to a relatively low steady-level throughout adulthood. Despite this widespread expression, hspb1-/- mice were viable and fertile with no apparent morphological abnormalities in tissues under physiological conditions. However, at the cellular level and under stress conditions (heat challenge), HSPB1 act synergistically with the stress-induced HSPA1 (HSP70) in thermotolerance development, protecting cells from apoptosis. Our data thus indicate a nonessential role for HSPB1 in embryonic development and for maintenance of tissues under physiological conditions, but also shows that it plays an important role by acting synergistically with other HSPs during stress conditions to exert cytoprotection and anti-apoptotic effects.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Blastocyst
- Blotting, Southern
- Blotting, Western
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Crosses, Genetic
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Mammalian/radiation effects
- Etoposide/pharmacology
- Female
- Fever
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gene Targeting
- Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- Heat-Shock Proteins/physiology
- Integrases/metabolism
- Lac Operon/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Chaperones
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Radiation, Ionizing
- beta-Galactosidase
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Center for Molecular Chaperones/Radiobiology and Cancer Virology, Medical College of Georgia, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, CN3143, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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50
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Diathermy treatment increases heat shock protein expression in female, but not male skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 102:319-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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