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Cao H, Zhao L, Yuan Y, Liao C, Zeng W, Li A, Huang Q, Zhao Y, Fan Y, Jiang L, Song D, Li S, Zhang B. Lipoamide Attenuates Hypertensive Myocardial Hypertrophy Through PI3K/Akt-Mediated Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10488-9. [PMID: 38334841 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The process of myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension can lead to excessive activation of oxidative stress. Lipoamide (ALM) has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ALM on hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as well as explore its underlying mechanisms. We evaluated the effects of ALM on spontaneously hypertensive rats and rat cardiomyocytes treated with Ang II. We found that ALM was not effective in lowering blood pressure in SHR, but it attenuated hypertension-mediated cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hypertrophy in rats. After that, in cultured H9C2 cells stimulated with Ang II, ALM increased the expression of antioxidant proteins that were decreased in the Ang II group. ALM also alleviated cell hypertrophy and the accumulation of ROS, while LY294002 partially abrogated these effects. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ALM could alleviate oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy, potentially through the activation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Cao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Ultrasound Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yao Yuan
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Ultrasound Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Weidan Zeng
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Aiyue Li
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Quanfeng Huang
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yueyao Zhao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yubing Fan
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Liu Jiang
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Sha Li
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Ultrasound Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.
- Department of Ultrasound Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.
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Kim MJ, Cho YK, Jung HN, Kim EH, Lee MJ, Jung CH, Park JY, Kim HK, Lee WJ. Association Between Insulin Resistance and Myosteatosis Measured by Abdominal Computed Tomography. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:3100-3110. [PMID: 37401630 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle, termed myosteatosis, is a key factor in developing insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to evaluate the association between insulin resistance and myosteatosis in a large Asian population. METHODS A total of 18 251 participants who had abdominal computed tomography were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to quartiles of Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The total abdominal muscle area (TAMA) at the L3 vertebral level was segmented into normal-attenuation muscle area (NAMA), low-attenuation muscle area (LAMA), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). The absolute values of TAMA, NAMA, LAMA, and IMAT and the ratios of NAMA/BMI, LAMA/BMI, and NAMA/TAMA were used as myosteatosis indices. RESULTS The absolute values of TAMA, NAMA, LAMA, and IMAT appeared to increase with higher HOMA-IR levels, and LAMA/BMI showed a similar upward trend. Meanwhile, the NAMA/BMI and NAMA/TAMA index showed downward trends. As HOMA-IR levels increased, the odds ratios (ORs) of the highest quartile of NAMA/BMI and NAMA/TAMA index decreased and that of LAMA/BMI increased. Compared with the lowest HOMA-IR group, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) in the highest HOMA-IR group for the lowest NAMA/TAMA quartile were 0.414 (0.364-0.471) in men and 0.464 (0.384-0.562) in women. HOMA-IR showed a negative correlation with NAMA/BMI (r = -0.233 for men and r = -0.265 for women), and NAMA/TAMA index (r = -0.211 for men and r = -0.214 for women), and a positive correlation with LAMA/BMI (r = 0.160 for men and r = 0.119 for women); P was less than .001 for all. CONCLUSION In this study, a higher HOMA-IR level was significantly associated with a high risk of myosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Lee
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Yeol Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Kyu Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Supruniuk E, Górski J, Chabowski A. Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020501. [PMID: 36830059 PMCID: PMC9952836 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in maximal force or power generated in response to contractile activity, and it is a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal injuries. One of the many stressors imposed on skeletal muscle through exercise is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which intensifies as a function of exercise intensity and duration. Exposure to ROS/RNS can affect Na+/K+-ATPase activity, intramyofibrillar calcium turnover and sensitivity, and actin-myosin kinetics to reduce muscle force production. On the other hand, low ROS/RNS concentrations can likely upregulate an array of cellular adaptative responses related to mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose transport and muscle hypertrophy. Consequently, growing evidence suggests that exogenous antioxidant supplementation might hamper exercise-engendering upregulation in the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), peroxisome-proliferator activated co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Ultimately, both high (exercise-induced) and low (antioxidant intervention) ROS concentrations can trigger beneficial responses as long as they do not override the threshold range for redox balance. The mechanisms underlying the two faces of ROS/RNS in exercise, as well as the role of antioxidants in muscle fatigue, are presented in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(85)-748-55-85
| | - Jan Górski
- Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Łomża, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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Jannatifar R, Asa E, Sahraei SS, Verdi A, Piroozmanesh H. N‐acetyl‐
l
‐cysteine and alpha lipoic acid are protective supplement on human sperm parameters in cryopreservation of asthenoteratozoospermia patients. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14612. [DOI: 10.1111/and.14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Jannatifar
- Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
- Rooya Infertility Treatment Center Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
| | - Elham Asa
- Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
- Rooya Infertility Treatment Center Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
| | - Seyedeh Saeideh Sahraei
- Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
- Rooya Infertility Treatment Center Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
| | - Atefeh Verdi
- Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
- Rooya Infertility Treatment Center Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
| | - Hamid Piroozmanesh
- Department of Reproductive Biology Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
- Rooya Infertility Treatment Center Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR) Qom Iran
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Alpha-Lipoic Acid Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Regulating Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:879-891. [PMID: 35930219 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As a widely used anti-tumor anthracycline, the accumulation of Doxorubicin (DOX) in body causes irreparable cardiomyocyte damage and therefore is limited in clinical application. Strategies to prevent from DOX-associated cardiotoxicity are urgent for patients who undergo DOX-based chemotherapy. Since oxidative stress injury being the major reason for myocardial toxicity of DOX, here we demonstrated that, Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which is a reductive agent, plays a cardioprotective role in attenuating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression. In vivo, the beneficial effect of ALA was evidenced by increased survival rate, mechanical contraction, and oxidative phosphorylation, while decreased reactive oxidative species (ROS) and apoptosis. In vitro, PDK4 overexpression remarkably increased DOX-induced apoptosis and ROS production in H9C2 cells. Notably, the protective effect of ALA was abrogated by PDK4 overexpression. We further used PDK4 knockout mice to identify the role of PDK4 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Results elicited that PDK4 deficiency showed a consistent effect in protecting DOX cardiotoxicity as ALA treatment, which was evidenced by restored redox homeostasis and mitochondrial metabolism, finally inhibited myocardial injury. In conclusion, the cardioprotective role of ALA against DOX cardiotoxicity was dependent on PDK4-mediated regulation of oxidative stress and mitochondria metabolism.
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Liu Q, Li W, Zhang J, Zhao L, Ji C, Zhang J, Huang S, Ma Q. Lipoamide Alleviates Oxidized Fish Oil-Induced Host Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Damage in the Oviduct of Laying Hens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:875769. [PMID: 35498723 PMCID: PMC9040665 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.875769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish oil (FO) is an important source of lipid in functional food and aquafeeds. However, the harmful effects of oxidized fish oil (OFO) on host metabolism and reproductive health are not yet clear. In addition, lipoamide (LAM) has been widely studied as an agent for alleviating various diseases associated with oxidative disruption. Therefore, in the current study, to investigate the effects of LAM in alleviating OFO-induced decline in reproductive performance and oxidative damage to the oviduct in laying hens. We constructed a 1% fresh FO model, a 1% OFO model, and a LAM model with 1% OFO (OFO + LAM) added at 100 mg/kg to explore the antioxidant effect of LAM. Herein, these results were evaluated by breeding performance, immune responses, estrogen, and antioxidant indices of serum samples, as well as the number of follicles and antioxidant parameters of oviducts. From the results, compared with the FO group, OFO significantly decreased the egg-laying rate, increased the contents of total protein (TP) and inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and interferon γ (INF-γ)], and reduced the concentrations of anti-oxidation [total antioxidant (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA)] in serum samples, as well as reduced the levels of anti-oxidation indexes in oviduct tissues (p < 0.05). Of note, the supplementation of LAM could significantly increase the laying performance, improve the levels of serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM), serum estrogen [progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2)], and serum antioxidant parameters (T-AOC, T-SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, GR, CAT, and HRSA) and decrease the concentrations of serum inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and INF-γ) in laying hens following OFO administration (p < 0.05). In addition, LAM could dramatically increase the contents of antioxidant factors (p < 0.05) in oviducts and enhance the secretion capacity of the uterine part. Taken together, OFO caused host metabolic dysfunction, oxidative damage, uterine morphological abnormalities, and alterations of ovarian function. These results suggested that LAM administration could alleviate host metabolic dysfunctions and inflammatory damage, and then ameliorate oxidative damage in the oviduct induced by OFO, ultimately improving reproductive function.
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Maciejczyk M, Żebrowska E, Nesterowicz M, Supruniuk E, Choromańska B, Chabowski A, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Zalewska A. α-Lipoic Acid Reduces Ceramide Synthesis and Neuroinflammation in the Hypothalamus of Insulin-Resistant Rats, While in the Cerebral Cortex Diminishes the β-Amyloid Accumulation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2295-2312. [PMID: 35422650 PMCID: PMC9005076 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress underlies metabolic diseases and cognitive impairment; thus, the use of antioxidants may improve brain function in insulin-resistant conditions. We are the first to evaluate the effects of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on redox homeostasis, sphingolipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and β-amyloid accumulation in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Methods The experiment was conducted on male cmdb/outbred Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks with intragastric administration of ALA (30 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. Pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory enzymes, oxidative stress, sphingolipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and β-amyloid level were assessed in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex using colorimetric, fluorimetric, ELISA, and HPLC methods. Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD test. Results ALA normalizes body weight, food intake, glycemia, insulinemia, and systemic insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed rats. ALA treatment reduces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and xanthine oxidase activity, increases ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and thiol levels in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. In addition, it decreases myeloperoxidase, glucuronidase, and metalloproteinase-2 activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) levels, while in the cerebral cortex ALA reduces β-amyloid accumulation. In both brain structures, ALA diminishes ceramide synthesis and caspase-3 activity. ALA improves systemic oxidative status and reduces insulin-resistant rats’ serum cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Conclusion ALA normalizes lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in insulin-resistant rats. At the brain level, ALA primarily affects hypothalamic metabolism. ALA improves redox homeostasis by decreasing the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes, enhancing total antioxidant potential, and reducing protein and lipid oxidative damage in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed rats. ALA also reduces hypothalamic inflammation and metalloproteinases activity, and cortical β-amyloid accumulation. In both brain structures, ALA diminishes ceramide synthesis and neuronal apoptosis. Although further study is needed, ALA may be a potential treatment for patients with cerebral complications of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: Mateusz Maciejczyk, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza Street, Bialystok, Poland, Email
| | - Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Miłosz Nesterowicz
- Students Scientific Club “Biochemistry of Civilization Diseases” at the Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Choromańska
- 1st Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Experimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Jeffrey S, Isaac Samraj P, Sundara Raj B. Therapeutic Benefits of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation in Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. J Diet Suppl 2021; 19:566-586. [PMID: 34939534 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.2020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Elevated oxidative stress is a common denominator between pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and diabetes complications, prompting the use of antioxidant compounds in diabetes therapy. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), has been investigated for its role as a potent antioxidant in diabetes treatment and the results from clinical trials indicate improved glucose metabolism, reduced oxidative stress, improved endothelial dysfunction, a decline in platelet reactivity and moderate improvements to weight loss yet conflicting data regarding insulin metabolism. ALA inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), chelates divalent transient metal ions and induces the expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This narrative review explores the results from clinical trials investigating the role of ALA in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jeffrey
- Endeavour College of Natural Health, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Behin Sundara Raj
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Okdahl T, Brock C. Molecular Aspects in the Potential of Vitamins and Supplements for Treating Diabetic Neuropathy. Curr Diab Rep 2021; 21:31. [PMID: 34448953 PMCID: PMC8397661 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-021-01397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss and provide evidence-based data on dietary supplements as part of treating diabetic neuropathy RECENT FINDINGS: Few randomized controlled trials are available, but some have shown beneficial efficacy of various dietary supplements on objective primary endpoints including nerve conduction velocities and axon potentials as well as subjective patient-reported outcomes. No medical cure for diabetic neuropathy exists, and prevention is therefore crucial. Tight glucose control slows the progression of nerve damage in diabetes, but an unmet clinical need for effective interventions is warranted. Consequently, a growing number of patients turn to dietary supplements proposed to possess neuroprotective properties. However, the postulated effects are often not evidence-based as they have not been tested scientifically. Taken together, this review will focus on dietary supplements investigated in clinical trials for their potential capabilities in targeting the molecular mechanisms involved in the underlying pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Okdahl
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christina Brock
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Filtration of Active Components with Antioxidant Activity Based on the Differing Antioxidant Abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus through UPLC/MS Coupling with Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5547976. [PMID: 34335821 PMCID: PMC8321731 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5547976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to filter active components with antioxidant activities based on the differing antioxidant abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (SSF) and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF). First, the antioxidant activity of SSF and SCF was evaluated through the DPPH free radical scavenging method and compared with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. Next, components of SSF and SCF were detected by employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QEO/MS) technology, and differential compounds were screened out as potential antioxidant compounds by using Compound Discover 3.1 Software. After that step, in order to verify the antioxidant compounds, the network method was applied. Biological targets were searched in the GeneCards database, and that related to antioxidant ability were selected in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Finally, the pharmacology network was constructed. Results showed that SSF and SCF possessed different compounds and antioxidant abilities. A total of 14 differential compounds such as γ-schizandrin, schisandrin B, schisandrin, and tigloylgomisin H between them were screened out and identified. Twenty targets associated with antioxidant activity contained MAP2K1, MAPK8, RPS6KB1, PRKCB, HIF1A, and so on were investigated. Thirty-six pathways contained HIF-1 signaling pathways, choline metabolism in cancer, serotonergic synapse, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and so on related to the above twenty targets were identified. The pharmacology network analysis indicated that the differential components may be helpful in treating various diseases, especially cancer, by exerting antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study provided a novel method for identifying active components with antioxidant activity in SSF and SCF, and this method may be applicable for the filtration of bioactive components in other herbs.
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11
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Roy P, Tomassoni D, Traini E, Martinelli I, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Cifani C, Amenta F, Tayebati SK. Natural Antioxidant Application on Fat Accumulation: Preclinical Evidence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060858. [PMID: 34071903 PMCID: PMC8227384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity represents one of the most important challenges in the contemporary world that must be overcome. Different pathological consequences of these physical conditions have been studied for more than 30 years. The most nagging effects were found early in the cardiovascular system. However, later, its negative impact was also investigated in several other organs. Damage at cellular structures due to overexpression of reactive oxygen species together with mechanisms that cause under-production of antioxidants leads to the development of obesity-related complications. In this view, the negative results of oxidant molecules due to obesity were studied in various districts of the body. In the last ten years, scientific literature has reported reasonable evidence regarding natural and synthetic compounds' supplementation, which showed benefits in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in animal models of obesity. This article attempts to clarify the role of oxidative stress due to obesity and the opposing role of antioxidants to counter it, reported in preclinical studies. This analysis aims to clear-up different mechanisms that lead to the build-up of pro-oxidants during obesity and how various molecules of different origins hinder this phenomenon, behaving as antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Proshanta Roy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (P.R.); (D.T.)
| | - Enea Traini
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.T.); (I.M.); (M.V.M.D.B.); (C.C.); (F.A.)
| | - Ilenia Martinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.T.); (I.M.); (M.V.M.D.B.); (C.C.); (F.A.)
| | | | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.T.); (I.M.); (M.V.M.D.B.); (C.C.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.T.); (I.M.); (M.V.M.D.B.); (C.C.); (F.A.)
| | - Seyed Khosrow Tayebati
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (E.T.); (I.M.); (M.V.M.D.B.); (C.C.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Diane A, Mahmoud N, Bensmail I, Khattab N, Abunada HA, Dehbi M. Alpha lipoic acid attenuates ER stress and improves glucose uptake through DNAJB3 cochaperone. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20482. [PMID: 33235302 PMCID: PMC7687893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and failure of the heat shock response (HSR) are fundamental hallmarks of insulin resistance (IR); one of the early core metabolic aberrations that leads to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The antioxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) has been shown to attenuate metabolic stress and improve insulin sensitivity in part through activation of the heat shock response (HSR). However, these studies have been focused on a subset of heat shock proteins (HSPs). In the current investigation, we assessed whether ALA has an effect on modulating the expression of DNAJB3/HSP40 cochaperone; a potential therapeutic target with a novel role in mitigating metabolic stress and promoting insulin signaling. Treatment of C2C12 cells with 0.3 mM of ALA triggers a significant increase in the expression of DNAJB3 mRNA and protein. A similar increase in DNAJB3 mRNA was also observed in HepG2 cells. We next investigated the significance of such activation on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and glucose uptake. ALA pre-treatment significantly reduced the expression of ER stress markers namely, GRP78, XBP1, sXBP1 and ATF4 in response to tunicamycin. In functional assays, ALA treatment abrogated significantly the tunicamycin-mediated transcriptional activation of ATF6 while it enhanced the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and Glut4 translocation. Silencing the expression of DNAJB3 but not HSP72 abolished the protective effect of ALA on tunicamycin-induced ER stress, suggesting thus that DNAJB3 is a key mediator of ALA-alleviated tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Furthermore, the effect of ALA on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is significantly reduced in C2C12 and HepG2 cells transfected with DNAJB3 siRNA. In summary, our results are supportive of an essential role of DNAJB3 as a molecular target through which ALA alleviates ER stress and improves glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Diane
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Naela Mahmoud
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ilham Bensmail
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Namat Khattab
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan A Abunada
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Dehbi
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar. .,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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13
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Zilliox LA, Russell JW. Is there cardiac autonomic neuropathy in prediabetes? Auton Neurosci 2020; 229:102722. [PMID: 33011523 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Although there is considerably more data showing an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and autonomic neuropathy, accumulating evidence indicates that cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is common in persons with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Furthermore, CAN may occur early after a metabolic insult and obesity, especially among mean, and seems to play an important role in the early pathogenesis of CAN. Autonomic symptoms are common in subjects with IGT. In addition to defects in CAN, in subjects with IGT, there is impaired sudomotor function and abnormalities of endothelial peripheral vasoreactivity. At the present time, the only interventions that may be effective in preventing or reversing IGT associated autonomic neuropathy are lifestyle improvement. These include a tailored diet and exercise program. Other approaches that may be beneficial include modulation of oxidative stress and improvement of metabolic regulation in subjects with IGT. Interventions are most likely to be effective early in the course of disease and therefore it is extremely important to have early diagnosis of IGT and autonomic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Zilliox
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland and Maryland VA Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - James W Russell
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland and Maryland VA Healthcare System, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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14
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Diaz-Vegas A, Sanchez-Aguilera P, Krycer JR, Morales PE, Monsalves-Alvarez M, Cifuentes M, Rothermel BA, Lavandero S. Is Mitochondrial Dysfunction a Common Root of Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases? Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5807952. [PMID: 32179913 PMCID: PMC7255501 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is implicated as a major contributing factor for a number of noncommunicable chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes. Here, we discuss the role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular and whole-organism homeostasis, the mechanisms that promote mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of this phenomenon in noncommunicable chronic diseases. We also review the state of the art regarding the preclinical evidence associated with the regulation of mitochondrial function and the development of current mitochondria-targeted therapeutics to treat noncommunicable chronic diseases. Finally, we give an integrated vision of how mitochondrial damage is implicated in these metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Aguilera
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Monsalves-Alvarez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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15
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Zhang R, Fan Z. Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as a “turn off-on” fluorescence sensor based on the redox reaction mechanism for the sensitive detection of dopamine and alpha lipoic acid. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Yu Q, Xia Z, Liong EC, Tipoe GL. Chronic aerobic exercise improves insulin sensitivity and modulates Nrf2 and NF‑κB/IκBα pathways in the skeletal muscle of rats fed with a high fat diet. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4963-4972. [PMID: 31702809 PMCID: PMC6854540 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the ameliorative effects of chronic aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rat skeletal muscle. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6–9 per group) were divided into four groups: i) Rats fed with normal chow; ii) exercise rats fed with normal chow + exercise (run on a rotarod for 30 min per day from 9–12 weeks); iii) rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD); iv) rats fed with an HFD + exercise. All HFD rats were fed with an HFD consisting of 30% fat from fish oil throughout the study for 12 weeks. Exercise decreased the levels of hepatic lipogenic markers carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, fat-specific protein 27 and liver X receptor and improved systemic glucose and insulin intolerance in the NASH animal model. The beneficial effects may have been mediated partly via the tripartite motif-containing family protein 72 (TRIM72)/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, accompanied with an upregulation of glucose transporter 4 in the skeletal muscle. The exercise regimen activated the master regulator of antioxidant enzymes, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, with upregulation of superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] expression and a corresponding decrease in kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 expression, but failed to decrease the levels of the oxidative marker malondialdehyde in the HFD rat skeletal muscle. Chronic exercise decreased the expression of the inflammation marker NF-κB, followed by a decrease in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, as verified by a corresponding increase in the level of NF-κB inhibitor α expression. Exercise may exert its beneficial effects by improving muscle insulin sensitivity via the TRIM72/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, contributing to the improvement of systemic insulin intolerance, and finally leading to decreased hepatic lipogenesis during NASH. The attenuation of insulin resistance by exercise may be partly achieved through a decrease in the level of inflammation and an increased antioxidant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyun Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Emily Chiu Liong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - George Lim Tipoe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
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Salehi B, Berkay Yılmaz Y, Antika G, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Fawzi Mahomoodally M, Lobine D, Akram M, Riaz M, Capanoglu E, Sharopov F, Martins N, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Insights on the Use of α-Lipoic Acid for Therapeutic Purposes. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080356. [PMID: 31405030 PMCID: PMC6723188 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid (ALA, thioctic acid) is an organosulfur component produced from plants, animals, and humans. It has various properties, among them great antioxidant potential and is widely used as a racemic drug for diabetic polyneuropathy-associated pain and paresthesia. Naturally, ALA is located in mitochondria, where it is used as a cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Despite its various potentials, ALA therapeutic efficacy is relatively low due to its pharmacokinetic profile. Data suggests that ALA has a short half-life and bioavailability (about 30%) triggered by its hepatic degradation, reduced solubility as well as instability in the stomach. However, the use of various innovative formulations has greatly improved ALA bioavailability. The R enantiomer of ALA shows better pharmacokinetic parameters, including increased bioavailability as compared to its S enantiomer. Indeed, the use of amphiphilic matrices has capability to improve ALA bioavailability and intestinal absorption. Also, ALA's liquid formulations are associated with greater plasma concentration and bioavailability as compared to its solidified dosage form. Thus, improved formulations can increase both ALA absorption and bioavailability, leading to a raise in therapeutic efficacy. Interestingly, ALA bioavailability will be dependent on age, while no difference has been found for gender. The present review aims to provide an updated on studies from preclinical to clinical trials assessing ALA's usages in diabetic patients with neuropathy, obesity, central nervous system-related diseases and abnormalities in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Yakup Berkay Yılmaz
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Gizem Antika
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | | | - Devina Lobine
- Department of Health Sciences; Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Turkey
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
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18
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Hou Y, Li X, Peng S, Yao J, Bai F, Fang J. Lipoamide Ameliorates Oxidative Stress via Induction of Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway in PC12 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8227-8234. [PMID: 31299148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases are not fully understood yet. However, an increasing amount of evidence has suggested that these disorders are related to oxidative stress. We reported herein that lipoamide (LM), a neutral amide derivative of lipoic acid (LA), could resist oxidative stress-mediated neuronal cell damage. LM is more potent than LA in alleviating hydrogen peroxide- or 6-hydroxydopamine-induced PC12 cell injury. Our results reveal that LM promotes the nuclear accumulation of NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), following with the activation of expression of Nrf2-governed antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Notably, silencing Nrf2 gene annuls the protection of LM, which demonstrates that Nrf2 is engaged in this cytoprotection. Our findings suggest that LM might be used as a potential therapeutic candidate for oxidative stress-related neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Juan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Feifei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
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19
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El Gayar MH, Aboromia MM, Ibrahim NA, Abdel Hafiz MH. Effects of ginger powder supplementation on glycemic status and lipid profile in newly diagnosed obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Effects of ginger supplementation on anthropometric, glycemic and metabolic parameters in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:119-125. [PMID: 31275882 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the worldwide most chronic endocrine disorders. The disease can also lead to several other chronic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases and cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ginger powder on biochemical and anthropometric parameters in patients with MetS. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 37 patients with MetS. We supplemented the individuals with MetS with either 2 g per day ginger powder or placebo for 12 weeks. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After 12 weeks of treatment, the levels of triglyceride (TG), FBS, and insulin resistance were significantly improved in the patients receiving ginger in compare to the placebo group (P < 0·05). Moreover, significant changes were observed in terms of weight, waist circumference, LDL, HDL, total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and energy intake between the groups. Conclusion In general, our findings demonstrated that the ginger supplementation offers beneficial effects on patients with MetS, at least, in part due to the modulatory effects on TG, FBS, and insulin resistance.
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21
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Ahuja S, Uniyal A, Akhtar A, Sah SP. Alpha lipoic acid and metformin alleviates experimentally induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficit by modulation of TLR2 signalling. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:614-623. [PMID: 31176103 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is commonly found to be co-morbid with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In obese diabetic patients, TLR-2 receptor induced inflammation leads to the development of insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, the IR is considered to be the most important cause for promoting cognitive decline which is evident in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease related dementia (ADRD). METHODS In this study, the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA) has been examined in rodent model of zymosan induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficits, targeting at TLR-2 signalling. TLR-2 agonist, Zymosan initiates inflammatory cascade, resulting in IR and cognitive dysfunction. Zymosan (50 mg/kg ip) was given to mice on 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd day to induce IR which was confirmed by hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidimea, increased glycated haemoglobin and HOMA-IR. Further the cognitive performance was assessed in Morris water maze revealing cognitive deficit in zymosan treated mice. RESULTS Daily treatment with ALA for 28 days (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, ip) significantly improved insulin sensitivity and cognitive performance in mice by decreasing insulin resistance, corticosterone, IL-6 levels, acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in liver, cortex and hippocampus. ALA also increased adiponectin level and reduced body weight. Combination of ALA (100 mg/kg, ip) with metformin (100 mg/kg, ip) exhibited a potentiating effect in improving cognitive performance and insulin signalling. CONCLUSION The findings of the study supported the hypothesis that TLR-2 induced inflammation leads to insulin resistance and cognitive impairment and provides an evidence for the therapeutic effect of ALA in IR and ADRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Ahuja
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
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22
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Zheng GH, Shan Q, Mu JJ, Wang YJ, Zhang ZF, Fan SH, Hu B, Li MQ, Xie J, Chen P, Wu DM, Lu J, Zheng YL. Purple Sweet Potato Color Attenuates Kidney Damage by Blocking VEGFR2/ROS/NLRP3 Signaling in High-Fat Diet-Treated Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5189819. [PMID: 30805082 PMCID: PMC6360596 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5189819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Our preliminary data showed that VEGFR2 upregulation promoted renal ROS overproduction in high-fat diet- (HFD-) treated mice. Given that ROS-induced NLRP3 activation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic kidney injury, we evaluate whether VEGFR2 upregulation induces type 2 diabetic kidney injury via ROS-mediated NLRP3 activation and further explore the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that VEGFR2 knockdown decreased ROS overproduction, blocked NLRP3-dependent inflammation, and alleviated kidney damage in HFD-treated mice. Treatment with α-lipoic acid, a scavenger of ROS, lowered ROS overproduction and alleviated NLRP3-triggered kidney injury of HFD-treated mice. Collectively, the VEGFR2/ROS/NLRP3 signal is a critical therapeutic strategy for the kidney injury of HFD-treated mice. Purple sweet potato color (PSPC), a natural anthocyanin, can exert renal protection by inhibiting ROS in HFD-treated mice. Here, we provide a novel mechanism of PSPC against renal damage in HFD-treated mice by downregulating VEGFR2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Mu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shao-Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweet Potato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweet Potato Research Center, Xuzhou, 221131 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
- College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
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23
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Takami M, Aoi W, Terajima H, Tanimura Y, Wada S, Higashi A. Effect of dietary antioxidant-rich foods combined with aerobic training on energy metabolism in healthy young men. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 64:79-85. [PMID: 30705516 PMCID: PMC6348409 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.18-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although supplementation with several antioxidants has been suggested to improve aerobic metabolism during exercise, whether dietary foods containing such antioxidants can exert the metabolic modulation is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intake of the specific antioxidant-rich foods coupled with exercise training on energy metabolism. Twenty young healthy, untrained men were assigned to antioxidant and control groups: participants in the antioxidant group were encouraged to consume foods containing catechin, astaxanthin, quercetin, glutathione, and anthocyanin. All participants performed cycle training at 60% maximum oxygen consumption for 30 min, 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Maximum work load was significantly increased by training in both groups, while oxygen consumption during exercise was significantly increased in the antioxidant group only. There were positive correlations between maximum work load and fat/carbohydrate oxidations in the antioxidant group. Carbohydrate oxidation during rest was significantly higher in the post-training than that in the pre-training only in the antioxidant group. More decreased levels of serum insulin and HOMA-IR after training were observed in the antioxidant group than in the control group. This study suggests that specific antioxidant-rich foods could modulate training-induced aerobic metabolism of carbohydrate and fat during rest and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Takami
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Hitomi Terajima
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Yuko Tanimura
- Faculty of Human Health, Aichi-Toho University, 3-11 Heiwagaoka, Meito-ku, Nagoya 465-8515, Japan
| | - Sayori Wada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Akane Higashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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EL-Maddawy ZK, Abd El Naby WSH. Effects of ivermectin and its combination with alpha lipoic acid on expression of IGFBP-3 and HSPA1 genes and male rat fertility. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z. K. EL-Maddawy
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Alexandria University; Edfina Egypt
| | - W. S. H. Abd El Naby
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering in department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Alexandria University; Edfina Egypt
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Liu Z, Patil I, Sancheti H, Yin F, Cadenas E. Effects of Lipoic Acid on High-Fat Diet-Induced Alteration of Synaptic Plasticity and Brain Glucose Metabolism: A PET/CT and 13C-NMR Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5391. [PMID: 28710347 PMCID: PMC5511189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is accompanied by insulin resistance and compromised brain synaptic plasticity through the impairment of insulin-sensitive pathways regulating neuronal survival, learning, and memory. Lipoic acid is known to modulate the redox status of the cell and has insulin mimetic effects. This study was aimed at determining the effects of dietary administration of lipoic acid on a HFD-induced obesity model in terms of (a) insulin signaling, (b) brain glucose uptake and neuronal- and astrocytic metabolism, and (c) synaptic plasticity. 3-Month old C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups exposed to their respective treatments for 9 weeks: (1) normal diet, (2) normal diet plus lipoic acid, (3) HFD, and (4) HFD plus lipoic acid. HFD resulted in higher body weight, development of insulin resistance, lower brain glucose uptake and glucose transporters, alterations in glycolytic and acetate metabolism in neurons and astrocytes, and ultimately synaptic plasticity loss evident by a decreased long-term potentiation (LTP). Lipoic acid treatment in mice on HFD prevented several HFD-induced metabolic changes and preserved synaptic plasticity. The metabolic and physiological changes in HFD-fed mice, including insulin resistance, brain glucose uptake and metabolism, and synaptic function, could be preserved by the insulin-like effect of lipoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Ishan Patil
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Harsh Sancheti
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Fei Yin
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA.
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Sengani M, V DR. Identification of potential antioxidant indices by biogenic gold nanoparticles in hyperglycemic Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 50:11-19. [PMID: 28110133 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial factor in diabetes, where the abnormal metabolic ambience leads to hyperglycemia resulting in the onset of several vascular complications. Under homeostasis, innate antioxidants efficiently inhibit the oxidative stress, thereby restrain further progression of diabetes. In the present study, a potential antioxidant marker was identified from hepatic tissue of diabetic Wistar rats after oral administration of biogenic gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Diabetic animals treated with GNPs showed increase in insulin level and subsequently reduced the concentration of blood glucose level to normal. Further, GNPs favoured to retain the hepatic enzymatic markers, serum lipid levels and followed by renal biochemical profile in the rats. In addition, GNPs treated rats displayed an elevated level of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase enzymatic activity. Consequently, GNPs treated rats showed diminished level of histological injury in the hepatic, renal, and pancreatic tissues. Taken together, these results suggested that among the several antioxidant enzymes, catalase elucidated the highest area under curve (AUC) with 0.80 accomplished by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Collectively, our findings enlighten that GNPs treated rat able to alleviate the hyperglycemic condition due to the enzymatic activity of catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manimegalai Sengani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Devi Rajeswari V
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
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Adikwu E, Nelson B, Atuboyedia Obianime W. Beneficial effects of melatonin and alpha lipoic acid on lopinavir/ ritonavir-induced alterations in serum lipid and glucose levels of male albino rats. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2016. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2016.62.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) has been associated with alterations in serum lipid and glucose levels. This study was designed to investigate the effects of melatonin (MT) and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on LPV/r-induced changes in serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and glucose (GL) levels in male albino rats. Rats in group A1 (placebo control) and group A2 (solvent control) were orally treated with normal saline and 1% ethanol respectively. Groups B-F contained 15 rats each which were divided into 3 groups of 5 rats each. Rats in group B were orally treated with MT (10 mg kg-1/day), ALA (10 mg kg-1/day) and a combination of MT and ALA, accordingly. Rats in group C were orally treated with 22.9/5.71, 45.6/11.4 and 91.4/22.9 mg kg-1/day of LPV/r, accordingly. Rats in groups D-F were orally treated with MT (10 mg kg-1/ day), ALA (10 mg kg-1/day) and combined doses of ALA and MT before oral treatment with 22.9/5.71, 45.6/11.4 and 91.4/22.9 mg kg-1/day of LPV/r, accordingly. All rats were treated for 30 days and at the end of the drug treatment, the serum levels of lipid fractions and glucose were evaluated. Treatment with MT and ALA significantly (p<0.05) decreased baseline serum levels of TG, TC, VLDL-C, LDL-C and GL, but these parameters were significantly (p<0.05) increased in a dose-dependent manner in LPV/r-treated rats when compared to placebo control. Administration of MT and ALA prior to treatment with LPV/r significantly (p<0.05) decreased serum levels of TG, TC, VLDL-C, LDL-C and GL when compared to LPV/r-treated rats. However, decreases obtained in rats pretreated with combined doses of MT and ALA were significantly (p<0.05) different when compared to their individual doses. This study showed that MT and ALA can serve as remedies for LPV/r-induced alterations in serum lipid and glucose levels.
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Ghiasi R, Ghadiri Soufi F, Somi MH, Mohaddes G, Mirzaie Bavil F, Naderi R, Alipour MR. Swim Training Improves HOMA-IR in Type 2 Diabetes Induced by High Fat Diet and Low Dose of Streptozotocin in Male Rats. Adv Pharm Bull 2015; 5:379-84. [PMID: 26504760 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2015.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin resistance plays a key role in the onset and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. In this study, we evaluated the effect of swim training on insulin resistance in diabetic rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10): sedentary control (Con), sedentary diabetic (Dia), swim trained control (Exe) and swim trained diabetic (Dia+Exe) rats. Diabetes was induced by high fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p). In trained groups, one week after the induction of diabetes, animals were subjected to swimming (60 min/5 days a week) for 10 weeks. At the end of training, fasting blood sugar (FBS), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting/basal insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, insulin resistance index, homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG,) total cholesterol (TCh), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in blood were measured. RESULTS Swimming significantly improved OGTT (P<0.01) and HOMA-IR (P<0.01). Swim training also significantly decreased FBS (p<0.01), fasting/basal insulin (P<0.01), HbA1C (p<0.01), TG (P<0.05), and TCh (P<0.05) levels. It also significantly increased HDL (p<0.05) level. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that swim training improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes caused by high fat diet in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafigheh Ghiasi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Ghadiri Soufi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaie Bavil
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alipour
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Najafi R, Sharifi AM, Hosseini A. Protective effects of alpha lipoic acid on high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:731-8. [PMID: 25404528 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia plays an important role in the development of diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) against high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells as a suitable in vitro model for studying neuronal functions. PC12 cells were treated with high glucose (25 mg/ml for 24 h) in the absence and presence of ALA (100 μM for 24 h). The viability of PC12 cells was estimated by using MTT assay. The expression of pro- apoptotic Bax, anti- apoptotic Bcl-2 and caspase 3 protein were evaluated by western blotting. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined with 2,7-dichlorodihydro- fluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA). Biochemical markers of oxidative stress were assessed by using the total antioxidant power (TAP), lipid peroxidation (LPO), ADP/ATP ratio, activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Pretreatment of PC12 cells with ALA, significantly improved high glucose-induced toxicity by increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD in the PC12 cell. It also increased the concentrations of TAP. An elevated level of cell death and ROS in high glucose conditions, diminished with ALA treatment. Over expression of Bax and caspase 3 protein, elevation of ADP/ATP ratio and LPO level in high glucose- treated PC12 cells, were significantly reduced by ALA. It was concluded that ALA attenuates neurotoxicity induced by high glucose in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Najafi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
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30
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Exercise and oxidative stress: potential effects of antioxidant dietary strategies in sports. Nutrition 2015; 31:916-22. [PMID: 26059364 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals are produced during aerobic cellular metabolism and have key roles as regulatory mediators in signaling processes. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and an adequate antioxidant defense. This adverse condition may lead to cellular and tissue damage of components, and is involved in different physiopathological states, including aging, exercise, inflammatory, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. In particular, the relationship between exercise and oxidative stress is extremely complex, depending on the mode, intensity, and duration of exercise. Regular moderate training appears beneficial for oxidative stress and health. Conversely, acute exercise leads to increased oxidative stress, although this same stimulus is necessary to allow an up-regulation in endogenous antioxidant defenses (hormesis). Supporting endogenous defenses with additional oral antioxidant supplementation may represent a suitable noninvasive tool for preventing or reducing oxidative stress during training. However, excess of exogenous antioxidants may have detrimental effects on health and performance. Whole foods, rather than capsules, contain antioxidants in natural ratios and proportions, which may act in synergy to optimize the antioxidant effect. Thus, an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals through a varied and balanced diet remains the best approach to maintain an optimal antioxidant status. Antioxidant supplementation may be warranted in particular conditions, when athletes are exposed to high oxidative stress or fail to meet dietary antioxidant requirements. Aim of this review is to discuss the evidence on the relationship between exercise and oxidative stress, and the potential effects of dietary strategies in athletes. The differences between diet and exogenous supplementation as well as available tools to estimate effectiveness of antioxidant intake are also reported. Finally, we advocate the need to adopt an individualized diet for each athlete performing a specific sport or in a specific period of training, clinically supervised with inclusion of blood analysis and physiological tests, in a comprehensive nutritional assessment.
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31
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Ghose A, Kundu R, Toumeh A, Hornbeck C, Mohamed I. A review of obesity, insulin resistance, and the role of exercise in breast cancer patients. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:197-202. [PMID: 25625592 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.990569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most common female malignancy in the world, has a strong association with obesity and insulin resistance. The importance of these risk factors goes up significantly in patients already affected by this cancer as they negatively affect the prognosis, recurrence rate, and survival by various mechanisms. The literature on the role of physical activity and aerobic exercise on modifying the above risks is debatable with data both for and against it. In this article, we have reviewed the risks of obesity and insulin resistance in breast cancer patients and the controversy associated with the impact of exercise. Ultimately, we have concluded that a randomized control trial is necessary with an individualized aerobic exercise program for a minimum duration of 20 wk on breast cancer patients, who are undergoing or recently completed chemotherapy, to study its effects on insulin resistance, weight, and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Ghose
- a Department of Hematology/Oncology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio , USA
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Jana K, Dutta A, Chakraborty P, Manna I, Firdaus SB, Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay R, Chakravarty B. Alpha-lipoic acid andN-acetylcysteine protects intensive swimming exercise-mediated germ-cell depletion, pro-oxidant generation, and alteration of steroidogenesis in rat testis. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:833-50. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine; Bose Institute; Calcutta Improvement Trust Scheme VIIM; Kolkata India
| | - Ananya Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine; Bose Institute; Calcutta Improvement Trust Scheme VIIM; Kolkata India
| | | | - Indranil Manna
- Department of Physiology; Midnapore College; Midnapore India
| | - Syed Benazir Firdaus
- Department of Physiology; Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology; Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory; University of Calcutta; Kolkata India
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El-Beshbishy HA, Mariah RA, Al-Azhary NM, Aly HAA, Ozbak HA, Baghdadi HH. Influence of lipoic acid on testicular toxicity induced by bi-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 71:26-32. [PMID: 24912129 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bi-n-butyl phthalate (BNBP) is an environmental pollutant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) against testicular dysfunction associated with the intake of to BNBP- intoxicated rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each, and received medication orally for 14 days. Group I rats received 0.5 ml corn oil. Group II rats received LA (20 mg/kg B.W./day). Group III rats received BNBP (250 mg/kg B.W./day). Group IV rats received LA 24h prior to BNBP intake. Testes weight, cauda sperm count and sperm motility were decreased significantly by 18.15%, 13.83% and 13.5%, respectively, after BNBP treatment. Significant increase by 12.1%, 10.20% and 11.51%, respectively, was observed in LA-BNBP rats. Significant increase by 1.53%, 1.5% and 1.8%, for serum follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and total antioxidant status, respectively, were observed in LA-BNBP rats. Testicular lipid peroxides and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme were significantly decreased by 1.5 and 1.6 folds, respectively, in LA-BNBP rats were decreased after BNBP treatment. Testicular superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase enzymes were significantly increased in LA-BNBP rats. LA-BNBP rats, decreased the damage to seminiferous tubules produced by BNBP intake. In conclusion, LA mitigated BNBP-induced testicular toxicity through antioxidant mechanism and by direct free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Beshbishy
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11751, Egypt.
| | - Reham A Mariah
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Nevin M Al-Azhary
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hamdy A A Aly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt; Pharmacology &Toxicology Department, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani A Ozbak
- Medical Laboratories Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam H Baghdadi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
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Kaur B, Henry J. Micronutrient status in type 2 diabetes: a review. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2014; 71:55-100. [PMID: 24484939 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800270-4.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by significant losses of important micronutrients due to metabolic basis of the disease and its complications. Evidence of changes in trace mineral and vitamin metabolism as a consequence of type 2 diabetes is reviewed in this chapter. This review is not a meta-analysis but an overview of the micronutrient status, metabolic needs, and potential micronutrient requirements in type 2 diabetics. This chapter will not concentrate on vitamin D and type 2 diabetes as this is a topic that has been extensively reviewed before. The less well-known micronutrients notably zinc, magnesium, chromium, copper, manganese, iron, selenium, vanadium, B-group vitamins, and certain antioxidants are assessed. While some evidence is available to demonstrate the positive influence of micronutrient supplementation on glycemic control, much remains to be investigated. Additional research is necessary to characterize better biomarkers of micronutrient status and requirements in type 2 diabetics. The optimal level of micronutrient supplementation to achieve glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetics remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kaur
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jeyakumar Henry
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
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35
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Vitamins: the good, the bad, and the ugly. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014; 15:229-31. [PMID: 24598476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
Exercise leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via several sources in the skeletal muscle. In particular, the mitochondrial electron transport chain in the muscle cells produces ROS along with an elevation in the oxygen consumption during exercise. Such ROS generated during exercise can cause oxidative modification of proteins and affect their functionality. Many evidences have been suggested that some muscle proteins, i.e., myofiber proteins, metabolic signaling proteins, and sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins can be a targets modified by ROS generated due to exercise. We detected the modification of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) by Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine (HEL), one of the lipid peroxides, in exercised muscles, while the antioxidant astaxanthin reduced this oxidative stress-induced modification. Exercise-induced ROS may diminish CPT I activity caused by HEL modification, leading to a partly limited lipid utilization in the mitochondria. This oxidative protein modification may be useful as a potential biomarker to examine the oxidative stress levels, antioxidant compounds, and their possible benefits in exercise.
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Aoi W, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T. Role of oxidative stress in impaired insulin signaling associated with exercise-induced muscle damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:1265-1272. [PMID: 24075894 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major tissue that utilizes blood glucose. A single bout of exercise improves glucose uptake in skeletal muscle through insulin-dependent and insulin-independent signal transduction mechanisms. However, glucose utilization is decreased in muscle damage induced by acute, unaccustomed, or eccentric exercise. The decrease in glucose utilization is caused by decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in damaged muscles with inhibition of the membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4 through phosphatidyl 3-kinase/Akt signaling. In addition to inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and peroxynitrate can induce degradation or inactivation of signaling proteins through posttranslational modification, thereby resulting in a disturbance in insulin signal transduction. In contrast, treatment with factors that attenuate oxidative stress in damaged muscle suppresses the impairment of insulin sensitivity. Muscle-damaging exercise may thus lead to decreased endurance capacity and muscle fatigue in exercise, and it may decrease the efficiency of exercise therapy for metabolic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Aoi
- Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan.
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Arshad MS, Anjum FM, Khan MI, Shahid M. Wheat germ oil and α-lipoic acid predominantly improve the lipid profile of broiler meat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:11158-11165. [PMID: 24191686 DOI: 10.1021/jf4041029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In response to recent assertions that synthetic antioxidants may have the potential to cause toxic effects and to consumers' increased attention to consuming natural products, the poultry industry has been seeking sources of natural antioxidants, alone or in combination with synthetic antioxidants that are currently being used by the industry. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of α-lipoic acid, α-tocopherol, and wheat germ oil on the status of antioxidant enzymes, fatty acid profile, and serum biochemical profile of broiler blood. One-day-old (180) broiler birds were fed six different feeds varying in their antioxidant content: no addition (T1), natural α-tocopherol (wheat germ oil, T2), synthetic α-tocopherol (T3), α-lipoic acid (T4), α-lipoic acid together with natural α-tocopherol (T5), and α-lipoic acid together with synthetic α-tocopherol (T6). The composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the breast and leg meat was positively influenced by the different dietary supplements. The content of fatty acid was significantly greater in broilers receiving T2 both in breast (23.92%) and in leg (25.82%) meat, whereas lower fatty acid levels was found in broilers receiving diets containing T6 in the breast (19.57%) and leg (21.30%) meat. Serum total cholesterol (113.42 mg/dL) and triglycerides (52.29 mg/dL) were lowest in the group given natural α-tocopherol and α-lipoic acid. Wheat germ oil containing natural α-tocopherol alone or with α-lipoic acid was more effective than synthetic α-tocopherol in raising levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase while lowering plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides and raising high-density lipoprotein and plasma protein significantly. It was concluded that the combination of wheat germ oil and α-lipoic acid is helpful in improving the lipid profile of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture , Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Huang Z, Wan X, Liu J, Deng W, Chen A, Liu L, Liu J, Wei G, Li H, Fang D, Li Y. Short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion combined with insulin sensitizers rosiglitazone, metformin, or antioxidant α-lipoic acid in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Technol Ther 2013; 15:859-69. [PMID: 23991629 PMCID: PMC3781121 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2013.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has been proved effective in improving metabolic control and β-cell function, thus inducing long-term drug-free remission. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate whether CSII in combination with rosiglitazone, metformin, or α-lipoic acid separately brings about extra benefits. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred sixty patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomized to one of four treatment groups: CSII alone, CSII in combination with rosiglitazone or metformin for 3 months, or CSII with α-lipoic acid intravenous infusion for 2 weeks. Duration of CSII treatment was identical in the four groups. Glucose and lipid profiles, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indices, acute insulin response (AIR), intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) level, and malondialdehyde level were compared before and after intervention. RESULTS The near-normoglycemia rate at the third month in CSII alone and that in combination with rosiglitazone, metformin, or α-lipoic acid was 72.5%, 87.5%, 90%, and 75%, respectively (metformin group vs. CSII alone, P=0.045). The metformin group achieved euglycemia in a shorter time (2.6 ± 1.3 vs. 3.7 ± 1.8 days, P=0.020) with less daily insulin dosage and was more powerful in lowering total cholesterol, increasing AIR and HOMA β-cell function, whereas reduction of IMCL in the soleus was more obvious in the rosiglitazone group but not in the metformin group. The efficacy of combination with α-lipoic acid was similar to that of CSII alone. CONCLUSIONS Short-term CSII in combination with rosiglitazone or metformin is superior to CSII alone, yet the efficacy of the two differs in some way, whereas that with α-lipoic acid might not have an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Mahluji S, Attari VE, Mobasseri M, Payahoo L, Ostadrahimi A, Golzari SEJ. Effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on plasma glucose level, HbA1c and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:682-6. [PMID: 23496212 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.775223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Zingiber officinale on some biochemical parameters in type 2 diabetic (DM2) patients. In a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial, 64 patients with DM2 were assigned to ginger or placebo groups (receiving 2 g/d of each). A 3 d diet record, anthropometric measurements and concentrations of fasting blood glucose (FPG), HbA1c, lipid profile (including total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein) and also the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined before and after 2 months of intervention. Ginger supplementation significantly lowered the levels of insulin (11.0 ± 2.3 versus 12.1 ± 3.3; p = 0.001), LDL-C (67.8 ± 27.2 versus 89.2 ± 24.9; p = 0.04), TG (127.7 ± 43.7 versus 128.2 ± 37.7; p = 0.03) and the HOMA index (3.9 ± 1.09 versus 4.5 ± 1.8; p = 0.002) and increased the QUICKI index (0.313 ± 0.012 versus 0.308 ± 0.012; p = 0.005) in comparison to the control group; while, there were no significant changes in FPG, TC, HDL-C and HbA1c (p > 0.05). In summary, ginger supplementation improved insulin sensitivity and some fractions of lipid profile in DM2 patients. Therefore it may be considered as a useful remedy to reduce the secondary complications of DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Mahluji
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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41
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El-Beshbishy HA, Aly HAA, El-Shafey M. Lipoic acid mitigates bisphenol A-induced testicular mitochondrial toxicity in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 29:875-87. [PMID: 22623521 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712446728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide. BPA is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in manufacturing plastic baby bottles and lining of food cans. In this study, we investigated the BPA-induced testicular oxidative stress and perturbation of mitochondrial marker enzymes in male albino rats and its amelioration by α-lipoic acid (LA). Rats were administered a dose of BPA (10 mg/kg body weight) orally for 14 days. This resulted in decreased testes weight, total testicular protein content, testicular enzymes such as acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and decline in activities of marker mitochondrial enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidase and NADH dehydrogenase. The serum testosterone and total antioxidant status were reduced. Besides, it also affected the activities of testicular antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. BPA also caused lipid peroxidation and decrease in reduced glutathione content of mitochondria. The co-administration of LA (20 mg/kg body weight; orally for 14 days) together with BPA resulted in restoration of the mitochondrial marker enzyme activities and increasing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of mitochondria. The obtained results demonstrated that LA has a potential role in mitigating BPA-induced mitochondrial toxicity through antioxidant mechanism or by direct free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Beshbishy
- 1Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Harding SV, Rideout TC, Jones PJH. Evidence for Using Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Reducing Lipoprotein and Inflammatory Related Atherosclerotic Risk. J Diet Suppl 2012; 9:116-27. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2012.683136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott V. Harding
- 1Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London,
London, UK
| | - Todd C. Rideout
- 2Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo,
Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Peter J. H. Jones
- 3Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Muoio DM, Neufer PD. Lipid-induced mitochondrial stress and insulin action in muscle. Cell Metab 2012; 15:595-605. [PMID: 22560212 PMCID: PMC3348508 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between mitochondrial energetics, lipid balance, and muscle insulin sensitivity has remained a topic of intense interest and debate for decades. One popular view suggests that increased oxidative capacity benefits metabolic wellness, based on the premise that it is healthier to burn fat than glucose. Attempts to test this hypothesis using genetically modified mouse models have produced contradictory results and instead link muscle insulin resistance to excessive fat oxidation, acylcarnitine production, and increased mitochondrial H(2)O(2)-emitting potential. Here, we consider emerging evidence that insulin action in muscle is driven principally by mitochondrial load and redox signaling rather than oxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Muoio
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Aoi W, Naito Y, Tokuda H, Tanimura Y, Oya-Ito T, Yoshikawa T. Exercise-induced muscle damage impairs insulin signaling pathway associated with IRS-1 oxidative modification. Physiol Res 2011; 61:81-8. [PMID: 22188104 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Strenuous exercise induces delayed-onset muscle damage including oxidative damage of cellular components. Oxidative stress to muscle cells impairs glucose uptake via disturbance of insulin signaling pathway. We investigated glucose uptake and insulin signaling in relation to oxidative protein modification in muscle after acute strenuous exercise. ICR mice were divided into sedentary and exercise groups. Mice in the exercise group performed downhill running exercise at 30 m/min for 30 min. At 24 hr after exercise, metabolic performance and insulin-signaling proteins in muscle tissues were examined. In whole body indirect calorimetry, carbohydrate utilization was decreased in the exercised mice along with reduction of the respiratory exchange ratio compared to the rested control mice. Insulin-stimulated uptake of 2-deoxy-[(3)H]glucose in damaged muscle was decreased after acute exercise. Tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and phosphatidyl-3-kinase/Akt signaling were impaired by exercise, leading to inhibition of the membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4. We also found that acute exercise caused 4-hydroxy-nonenal modification of IRS-1 along with elevation of oxidative stress in muscle tissue. Impairment of insulin-induced glucose uptake into damaged muscle after strenuous exercise would be related to disturbance of insulin signal transduction by oxidative modification of IRS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Aoi
- Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.
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45
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McNeilly AM, Davison GW, Murphy MH, Nadeem N, Trinick T, Duly E, Novials A, McEneny J. Effect of α-lipoic acid and exercise training on cardiovascular disease risk in obesity with impaired glucose tolerance. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:217. [PMID: 22107734 PMCID: PMC3268114 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are more susceptible than healthy individuals to oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease. This randomised controlled investigation was designed to test the hypothesis that α-lipoic acid supplementation and exercise training may elicit favourable clinical changes in obese subjects with IGT. All data were collected from 24 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) IGT patients. Following participant randomisation into two groups, fasting venous blood samples were obtained at baseline, and before and following intervention. The first group consisted of 12 participants who completed a 12 week control phase followed by 12 weeks of chronic exercise at 65% HRmax for 30 minutes a day, 5 days per week, while ingesting 1 gram per day of α-lipoic acid for 12 weeks. The second group consisted of 12 participants who completed the same 12 week control phase, but this was followed by 12 weeks of 1 gram per day of α-lipoic acid supplementation only (no exercise). The main findings show a comparatively greater rate of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in the group consisting of α-lipoic acid only (p < 0.05 vs. pre intervention), although total oxidant status was lower post intervention (p < 0.05 vs. baseline) in this group. However, exercise and α-lipoic acid in combination attenuates LDL oxidation. Furthermore, in the α-lipoic acid supplement plus exercise training group, total antioxidant capacity was significantly increased (p < 0.05 vs. baseline and pre intervention). Body fat percentage and waist and hip circumference decreased following exercise training (p < 0.05 vs. post intervention). There were no selective treatment differences for a range of other clinical outcomes including glycaemic regulation (p > 0.05). These findings report that α-lipoic acid ingestion may increase the atherogenicity of LDL when ingested in isolation of exercise, suggesting that in IGT the use of this antioxidant treatment does not ameliorate metabolic disturbances, but instead may detrimentally contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and development of CVD. However, when α-lipoic acid is combined with exercise, this atherogenic effect is abolished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M McNeilly
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, BT37 OQB, UK
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Ozdoğan S, Kaman D, Simşek BÇ. Effects of coenzyme Q10 and α-lipoic acid supplementation in fructose fed rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 50:145-51. [PMID: 22448096 PMCID: PMC3303477 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid and coenzyme Q10 on plasma levels of lipids, asymmetric dimethylarginine, oxidative stress in fructose fed rats which provide a model of dietary-induced insulin resistance and to evaluate vascular changes developing in these rats by histologically. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 did not receive any medication and served as a control. Group 2 received a regular diet and water ad libitum and fructose was administered as % 10 solution in drinking water. Group 3 received α-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg/day) i.p. for 5 weeks and Group 4 received coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg/day) i.p. for 5 weeks. For determination of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine, glutathione and malondialdehyde levels, high-performance liquid chromatography system was used. Homeostatic model assessment as a measure of insulin resistance was calculated. Lipid profile measurements were determined using enzymatic assay on an Auto analyzer. The high fructose diet was significantly associated with an increase in levels of plasma LDL, VLDL and total cholesterol and decrease in level of HDL cholesterol. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine, malondialdehyde and glutathione levels were also increase in these rats. α-lipoic acid or coenzyme Q10 supplementation was found to have some positive effect on these parameters. These findings were also demonstrated by morphological observation of the aorta. We demonstrated that administration of α-lipoic acid and coenzyme Q10 notably suppresses oxidative and nitrative stress, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance developing in fructose fed rats, a model of metabolic syndrome (MS). These positive effects of α-lipoic acid or coenzyme Q10 can be attributed to its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Ozdoğan
- Department of Biochemistry, Firat University Firat Medical Center, Firat University Medical Hospital, 23100, Elazig, Turkey
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Henriksen EJ, Diamond-Stanic MK, Marchionne EM. Oxidative stress and the etiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:993-9. [PMID: 21163347 PMCID: PMC3071882 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The condition of oxidative stress arises when oxidant production exceeds antioxidant activity in cells and plasma. The overabundance of oxidants is mechanistically connected to the multifactorial etiology of insulin resistance, primarily in skeletal muscle tissue, and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes. Two important mechanisms for this oxidant excess are (1) the mitochondrial overproduction of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide ion under conditions of energy surplus and (2) the enhanced activation of cellular NADPH oxidase via angiotensin II receptors. Several recent studies are reviewed that support the concept that direct exposure of mammalian skeletal muscle to an oxidant stress (including hydrogen peroxide) results in stimulation of the serine kinase p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and that the engagement of this stress-activated p38 MAPK signaling is mechanistically associated with diminished insulin-dependent stimulation of insulin signaling elements and glucose transport activity. The beneficial interactions between the antioxidant α-lipoic acid and the advanced glycation end-product inhibitor pyridoxamine that ameliorate oxidant stress-associated defects in whole-body and skeletal-muscle insulin action in the obese Zucker rat, a model of prediabetes, are also addressed. Overall, this review highlights the importance of oxidative stress in the development of insulin resistance in mammalian skeletal muscle tissue, at least in part via a p38-MAPK-dependent mechanism, and indicates that interventions that reduce this oxidative stress and oxidative damage can improve insulin action in insulin-resistant animal models. Strategies to prevent and ameliorate oxidative stress remain important in the overall treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Henriksen
- Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721-0093, USA.
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48
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Amom Z, Zakaria Z, Mohamed J, Azlan A, Bahari H, Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin M, Aris Moklas M, Osman K, Asmawi Z, Kamal Nik Hassan M. Lipid lowering effect of antioxidant alpha-lipoic Acid in experimental atherosclerosis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 43:88-94. [PMID: 18818758 PMCID: PMC2533724 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.2008051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. In the present study, a protective activity of alpha-lipoic acid; a metabolic antioxidant in hypercholesterolemic-induced animals was investigated. Eighteen adult male New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit were segregated into three groups labelled as group N, HCD and ALA (n = 6). Group N (normal control) was fed with normal chow, the rest (HCD and ALA) were fed with 100 g/head/day of 1% cholesterol rich diet to induce hypercholesterolemia. Four point two mg/body weight of alpha lipoic acid was concomintantly supplemented to the ALA group. Drinking water was given ad-libitum. The study was designed for 10 weeks. Blood sampling was taken from the ear lobe vein at the beginning, week 5 and week 10. Plasma was prepared for lipid profile estimation and microsomal lipid peroxidation index indicated with malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and the aorta were excised for intimal lesion analysis. The plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were found to be significantly low in ALA group compared to that of the HCD group (p<0.05). Similarly, low level of MDA (p<0.05) in ALA group was observed compared to that of the HCD group showing a significant reduction of lipid peroxidation activity. Histomorphometric intimal lesion analysis of the aorta showing less of atheromatous plaque formation in alpha lipoic acid supplemented group (p<0.05) compared to HCD group. These findings suggested that alpha lipoic acid posses a dual lipid lowering and anti-atherosclerotic properties indicated with low plasma TC and LDL levels and reduction of athero-lesion formation in hypercholesterolemic-induced rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkhairi Amom
- Department of Human Anatomy, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dietary exercise as a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome: effects on skeletal muscle function. J Nutr Metab 2011; 2011:676208. [PMID: 21773023 PMCID: PMC3136207 DOI: 10.1155/2011/676208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle can cause metabolic syndrome to develop. Metabolic syndrome is associated with metabolic function in the skeletal muscle, a major consumer of nutrients. Dietary exercise, along with an adequate diet, is reported to be one of the major preventive therapies for metabolic syndrome; exercise improves the metabolic capacity of muscles and prevents the loss of muscle mass. Epidemiological studies have shown that physical activity reduces the risk of various common diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer; it also helps in reducing visceral adipose tissue. In addition, laboratory studies have demonstrated the mechanisms underlying the benefits of single-bout and regular exercise. Exercise regulates the expression/activity of proteins associated with metabolic and anabolic signaling in muscle, leading to a change in phenotype. The extent of these changes depends on the intensity, the duration, and the frequency of the exercise. The effect of exercise is also partly due to a decrease in inflammation, which has been shown to be closely related to the development of various diseases. Furthermore, it has been suggested that several phytochemicals contained in natural foods can improve nutrient metabolism and prevent protein degradation in the muscle.
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50
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The effects of lipoic acid supplementation on blood glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations in pony mares. J Equine Vet Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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