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Ding X, Liu Y, Wan S, Yang Y, Liang R, Yang S, Zhang J, Cao X, Zhou M, Chen W. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of PAHs exposure with serum uric acid and hyperuricemia among Chinese urban residents: the potential role of oxidative damage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124664. [PMID: 39098642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
A few studies found polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were associated with serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia (HUA). However, the longitudinal study is vacant, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of urinary PAHs metabolites with SUA levels and HUA risk, and explore the mediating effects of oxidative stress and inflammation. 10 urinary mono-hydroxylated PAHs metabolites and SUA levels were measured among 4047 Chinese urban residents at baseline and 1496 individuals at 6-year follow-up. Biomarkers of oxidative damage and inflammation in urine/plasma were determined at baseline. We adopted generalized linear mixed models and logistic regression to assess the associations of PAHs metabolites with SUA and HUA, weighted quantile sum regression and adaptive elastic net regression to evaluate the overall effects of multi-PAHs mixture, and mediation analysis to estimate the mediating roles of the biomarkers. In the cross-sectional study, each 1-unit increase in the ln-transformed values of 2-OHNa, 2-OHFlu, 4-OHPh, 9-OHPh, 3-OHPh, 2-OHPh, ΣOHNa, ΣOHPh, and ΣOHPAHs was associated with a 4.10-, 3.90-, 6.42-, 7.33-, 4.85-, 5.43-, 4.47-, 7.67-, and 5.22-μmol/L increase in SUA, respectively. Meanwhile, each 1-unit increase in the ln-transformed values of 1-OHNa, 2-OHNa, 4-OHPh, 9-OHPh, 3-OHPh, 2-OHPh, ΣOHNa, ΣOHPh, and ΣOHPAHs was associated with a 17, 14, 15, 22, 14, 19, 18, 27, and 21% increment in HUA risk, respectively. After 6 years, individuals with persistent high level of 9-OHPh had a 12.5 μmol/L increase in SUA compared with those with persistent low level. The overall effects of multi-PAHs mixture on SUA and HUA remain positive. 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine mediated the associations of PAHs metabolites with SUA and HUA, and the mediated proportion ranged from 5.39% to 15.34%. PAHs exposure was associated with the elevated SUA levels and increased HUA risk, and oxidative DNA damage may be one of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Ding
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Shuhui Wan
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yueru Yang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ruyi Liang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Jiake Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiuyu Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 4300230, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Zeidi A, Sayadi MH, Rezaei MR, Banaee M, Gholamhosseini A, Pastorino P, Multisanti CR, Faggio C. Single and combined effects of CuSO 4 and polyethylene microplastics on biochemical endpoints and physiological impacts on the narrow-clawed crayfish Pontastacusleptodactylus. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140478. [PMID: 37865200 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the toxicity of polyethylene microplastics (MPs; <0.02 mm) and CuSO4, alone and in combination, on the freshwater crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus. In this study, the crayfish were exposed to PE-MPs (0.0, 0.5, and 1 mg L-1) and CuSO4·5H2O (0.0, 0.5, and 1 mg L-1) for a period of 28 days. Next, multi-biomarkers, including biochemical, immunological, and oxidative stress indicators were analyzed. Results showed that co-exposure to PE-MPs and CuSO4 resulted in increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT). Triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and albumin content also increased. Although no significant change was observed in lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities in crayfish co-exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 MPs and 0.5 mg L-1 CuSO4, their activities were significantly decreased in other experimental groups. Oxidative stress parameters in hepatopancreas indicated increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, but decreased catalase (CAT), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and cellular total antioxidant (TAC). Results showed that the sub-chronic toxicity of CuSO4 was confirmed. The study confirmed the toxicity of CuSO4 and found that higher concentrations led to more severe effects. Co-exposure to PE-MPs and CuSO4 primarily compromised the endpoints, showing increased toxicity when both pollutants were present in higher concentrations. The activities of POX, LYZ, ALP, GGT, LDH, and CAT were suppressed by both CuSO4 and MPs. However, a synergistic increase was observed in other measured biomarkers in crayfish co-exposed to CuSO4 and MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Zeidi
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sayadi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Rezaei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Amin Gholamhosseini
- Division of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy.
| | - Cristiana Roberta Multisanti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Yang Y, Li S, Zhu Y, Che L, Wu Q, Bai S, Shu G, Zhao X, Guo P, Soaud SA, Li N, Deng M, Li J, El-Sappah AH. Saccharomyces cerevisiae additions normalized hemocyte differential genes expression and regulated crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) oxidative damage under cadmium stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20939. [PMID: 38016989 PMCID: PMC10684557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Because China produces the most crayfish in the world, safe solutions must be improved to mitigate the risks of ongoing heavy metal stressors accumulation. This study aimed to use Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a bioremediation agent to counteract the harmful effect of cadmium (Cd) on crayfish (Procambarus clarkia). Our study used three concentrations of S. cerevisiae on crayfish feed to assess their Cd toxicity remediation effect by measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the biomarkers related to oxidative stress like malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl derivates (PCO), and DNA-protein crosslink (DPC). A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy device was used to determine Cd contents in crayfish. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of lysozyme (LSZ), metallothionein (MT), and prophenoloxidase (proPO) were evaluated before and following the addition of S. cerevisiae. The results indicated that S. cerevisae at 5% supplemented in fundamental feed exhibited the best removal effect, and Cd removal rates at days 4th, 8th, 12th, and 21st were 12, 19, 29.7, and 66.45%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the basal diet of crayfish. The addition of S. cerevisiae increased TAC levels. On the other hand, it decreased MDA, PCO, and DPC, which had risen due to Cd exposure. Furthermore, it increased the expression of proPO, which was reduced by Cd exposure, and decreased the expression of LSZ and MT, acting in the opposite direction of Cd exposure alone. These findings demonstrated that feeding S. cerevisiae effectively reduces the Cd from crayfish and could be used to develop Cd-free crayfish-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Yang
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China.
| | - Shuaidong Li
- College of Morden Agriculture, Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin, 644003, China
| | - Yumin Zhu
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Litao Che
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Qifan Wu
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Shijun Bai
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Guocheng Shu
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Xianming Zhao
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Peng Guo
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Salma A Soaud
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Nianzhen Li
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Mengling Deng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China.
| | - Ahmed H El-Sappah
- School of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China.
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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Wang Z, Yang L, Zhou F, Li J, Wu X, Zhong X, Lv H, Yi S, Gao Q, Yang Z, Zhao P, Wu Y, Wu C, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang L. Integrated comparative transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis provide valuable insights into the response mechanisms of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) to copper stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130820. [PMID: 36860031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the significant limitations of aquaculture worldwide is the prevalence of divalent copper (Cu). Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) are economically important freshwater species adapted to a variety of environmental stimuli, including heavy metal stresses; however, large-scale transcriptomic data of the hepatopancreas of crayfish in response to Cu stress are still scarce. Here, integrated comparative transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analyses were initially applied to investigate gene expression profiles of the hepatopancreas of crayfish subjected to Cu stress for different periods. As a result, 4662 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified following Cu stress. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the "focal adhesion" pathway was one of the most significantly upregulated response pathways following Cu stress, and seven DEGs mapped to this pathway were identified as hub genes. Furthermore, the seven hub genes were examined by quantitative PCR, and each was found to have a substantial increase in transcript abundance, suggesting a critical role of the "focal adhesion" pathway in the response of crayfish to Cu stress. Our transcriptomic data can be a good resource for the functional transcriptomics of crayfish, and these results may provide valuable insights into the molecular response mechanisms underlying crayfish to Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Lianlian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xiaoyin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xueting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - He Lv
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shaokui Yi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Quanxin Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zi Yang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Choufei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Medical and Environmental Application Technologies, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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Castro JM, Bianchi VA, Felici E, De Anna JS, Venturino A, Luquet CM. Effects of Dietary Copper and Escherichia coli Challenge on the Immune Response and Gill Oxidative Balance in the Freshwater Mussel Diplodon chilensis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:154-165. [PMID: 36282013 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a water and sediment pollutant that can be biomagnified by phytoplankton, and it often co-occurs with fecal bacteria. We addressed the combined effects of copper and Escherichia coli on the immune response and gill oxidative balance of the freshwater mussel Diplodon chilensis. Bivalves were sorted into four groups fed with 1) control algae, 2) bacteria (E. coli), 3) copper-enriched algae (Cu2+ ) algae, and 4) copper-enriched algae followed by bacteria (Cu2+ + E. coli). Cellular and humoral immune and cytotoxic variables were analyzed in hemolymph, and detoxifying/antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione S-transferase [GST] and catalase [CAT]) and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]) were studied in gill tissue. The total hemocyte number increased after Cu2+ exposure, independently of the E. coli challenge. The proportion of hyalinocytes significantly diminished in the E. coli and Cu2+ groups but not in Cu2+ + E. coli groups; granulocytes significantly increased with E. coli but not with Cu2+ + E. coli treatments. Phagocytic activity was higher in all treatments than in control mussels. Acid phosphatase activity was increased by E. coli and inhibited by Cu2+ and Cu2+ + E. coli. Both E. coli and Cu2+ but not Cu2+ + E. coli augmented alkaline phosphatase activity. The Cu2+ and Cu2+ + E. coli treatments reduced the lysosomal membrane stability and cell viability. Humoral bacteriolytic and phenol oxidase activities were not affected by any treatment. The Cu2+ treatment induced gill CAT and GST activities and increased TBARS levels. The Cu2+ + E. coli treatment reversed this CAT and GST stimulation and increased the Cu2+ effect on TBARS. Dietary Cu2+ affects bivalves' immunological and oxidative status and impairs defensive responses against bacteria. In turn, E. coli potentiates the gill oxidative effects of Cu2+ . Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:154-165. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Castro
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Virginia A Bianchi
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Emiliano Felici
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Julieta S De Anna
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Andrés Venturino
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Luquet
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, Subsede Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
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MafG-like contribute to copper and cadmium induced antioxidant response by regulating antioxidant enzyme in Procambarus clarkii. Gene 2022; 847:146848. [PMID: 36096331 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins play an important role in Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, which mainly resist the oxidant stress. The members of sMaf have a high homology basic leucine zipper (bZIP) and lack trans activation domain, and could interact with other transcriptional regulatory factors as a molecular chaperone. In this study, a full-length MafG-like gene was cloned from Procambarus Clarkii, designated as PcMafG-like, which consisted of an ORF length of 246 bp encoding 82 amino acids, a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 483 bp, and a 3' UTR of 111 bp. The domain of PcMafG-like had a bZIP-Maf domain that binds to DNA. The cDNA sequence of PcMafG-like was 99 % similar to that of Penaeus vannamei. The mRNA of PcMafG-like was expressed in all tested tissues, and the highest expression was in muscle tissue. Under stimulation of Cu2+ and Cd2+, PcMafG-like was significantly up-regulated in hepatopancreas and gill, and the same result was testified by situ hybridization. The representative antioxidant genes, CAT, GPx and CZ-SOD, were significantly induced by Cu2+; CAT and GPx was induced by Cd2+. PcMafG-dsRNA significantly inhibited the expression of these up-regulated genes, but also inhibited the expression of other detected genes CZ-SOD, GST-θ and GST-1like. The antioxidant effect of PcMafG-like was further verified by oxidative stress markers (T-SOD, CuZnSOD, GPx, CAT, GSH and MDA) kits. Cu2+ and Cd2+ could induce the contents of these oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, CZ-SOD, CAT in Cu2+/Cd2+ treated group, and GSH-Px in Cd2+ group), while interference of PcMafG-like significantly inhibited the up-regulation. Furthermore, hematoxylin-eosin staining experiments showed that the degree of pathological damage was dose-dependent and time-dependent, and the pathological damage was more serious after dsRNA interfered with PcMafG-like. In addition, subcellular localization showed that PcMafG-like gene existed in nucleus. The recombinant protein PcMafG-like was expressed and purified in prokaryotic expression. The affinity analysis of promoter by agarose gel electrophoresis suggested that PcMafG-like could bind with CAT promoter in vitro. This indicated that PcMafG-like could activate antioxidant genes.
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Ahmed SAA, Ibrahim RE, Elshopakey GE, Khamis T, Abdel-Ghany HM, Abdelwarith AA, Younis EM, Davies SJ, Elabd H, Elhady M. Immune-antioxidant trait, growth, splenic cytokines expression, apoptosis, and histopathological alterations of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sub-lethal copper toxicity and fed thyme and/or basil essential oils enriched diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:1006-1018. [PMID: 36379445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted in this study, using 250 Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) (average weight 30.28 ± 0.27 g). The first experiment was conducted to investigate the 96-h lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of copper chloride (CuCl2) using the probit analysis, seventy fish was divided into seven different concentration of CuCl2 (0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 mg/L), the accurate Cu concentrations were (1.23, 5.36, 6.02, 6.98, 7.05, 7.93, 8.12 mg/L Cu). The second experiment was conducted for investigating the effect of dietary supplementation with thyme (Thymus vulgaris, T. vulgaris) and sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum, O. basilicum) essential oils (TEO and BEO respectively) against sub-lethal Cu exposure (1/10 96-h LC50 of CuCl2). About 180 fish was divided into six groups in triplicate (10 fish/replicate, 30 fish/group). Group 1 (C) was kept as a control group with no Cu exposure and was fed the control basal diet. Group 2 (C-Cu) was fed the control basal diet and simultaneously exposed to 1/10 of the 96 h LC50 of CuCl2 (2.574 mg/L) as a sub-lethal concentration of Cu, where the realistic Cu concentration was 3.976 mg/L. Group 3 (TEO) and group 4 (BEO) were fed the diets fortified with 1%TEO and BEO, respectively without exposure to Cu. Group 5 (TEO-Cu) and group 6 (BEO-Cu) were fed the diets fortified with 1%TEO and 1%BEO, respectively, and simultaneously exposed to 1/10 of the 96 h LC50 of CuCl2 (2.574 mg/L). The growth and behavioral performance, immunological response and its related gene expression, antioxidant status, stress biomarker indicators, apoptosis biomarkers, and histopathological alteration were investigated. The results of the first experiment showed that the 96-h LC50 of CuCl2 in O. niloticus was 25.740 mg/L with lower and upper confidence limits of 25.152 and 26.356 mg/L, respectively. The results of the second experiment showed that sub-lethal Cu exposure induced growth retardation (lowered final body weight, total weight gain, and specific growth rate %), behavioral abnormalities (slower swimming activity and feeding performance), immunosuppression (lowered nitric oxide, complement-3, lysozyme, total proteins, albumin, and globulin), and lowering the hepatic antioxidant functions (higher MDA, and lower SOD, CAT, and GPx) in the exposed fish. Furthermore, alteration in the immune-related genes expression (down-regulation of IL-10 and TGF-β and up-regulation of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TRL-4), hepato-renal dysfunction (elevated ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine), and high levels of serum stress indicators (cortisol and glucose) were markedly evident. sub-lethal Cu toxicity induced significant up-regulation of apoptosis biomarkers involving, nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ), Bcl-2 Associated X-protein (BAX), meanwhile, the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was remarkably down-regulated. In addition, apoptosis was also evident by histopathological investigation of branchial, hepatic, and renal sections. TEO and/or BEO dietary supplementation mitigate the destructive impacts of sub-lethal Cu exposure in O. niloticus, depending on the results of our study, it could be concluded that TEO and BEO with a 1% dietary level could be a promising antioxidant, immunostimulant, anti-stress factors, and anti-apoptosis mediators against heavy metal contaminants (Cu) in O. niloticus, providing a solution to the problem of aquatic bodies pollution, consequently aiding in the development of aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa A A Ahmed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Rowida E Ibrahim
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saudi University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed M Younis
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saudi University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon J Davies
- School of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hiam Elabd
- Department of Aquatic Animals Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhady
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
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8
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Yang Z, Lian W, Waiho K, Zhu L, Chen A, Cheng Y, Wang Y. Effects of copper exposure on lipid metabolism and SREBP pathway in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136556. [PMID: 36155024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is not only a common metal pollutant in the aquatic environment but also an essential trace element for aquatic organisms such as the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Cu is known to regulate lipid metabolism yet exert toxic effects if ingested in excess. However, the molecular regulatory roles of Cu in the lipid metabolism of crabs remains unclear. Thus, this study investigated the potential regulatory mechanism of Cu onto lipid metabolism of E. sinensis following acute Cu exposure. Crabs were exposed to environmental concentration of Cu (50 μg/L) for 96 h, and the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) was knocked down by RNA interference (RNAi) to test its effect on Cu exposure. The results showed that RNAi significantly attenuated the Cu exposure-induced increase in lipid synthesis and triglycerides (TG) hydrolysis, while significantly inhibited the Cu exposure-induced decrease in fatty acid β-oxidation, suggesting that SREBP is involved in Cu-induced lipid metabolism. Subsequent analyses of the transcriptome results further revealed potential responsive genes of SREBP that were linked to lipid metabolism and immune regulation. Moreover, Cu may affect lipid metabolism through the TOR-SREBP pathway in E. sinensis. This work provides a reference for exploring the effects of Cu on lipid metabolism disorders in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wan Lian
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Aqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Youji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Feng W, Su S, Song C, Yu F, Zhou J, Li J, Jia R, Xu P, Tang Y. Effects of Copper Exposure on Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy and Immune Response in Different Tissues of Chinese Mitten Crab ( Eriocheir sinensis). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102029. [PMID: 36290752 PMCID: PMC9598082 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High concentrations of copper (Cu2+) pose a great threat to aquatic animals. However, the mechanisms underlying the response of crustaceans to Cu2+ exposure have not been well studied. Therefore, we investigated the alterations of physiological and molecular parameters in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) after Cu2+ exposure. The crabs were exposed to 0 (control), 0.04, 0.18, and 0.70 mg/L of Cu2+ for 5 days, and the hemolymph, hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle were sampled. The results showed that Cu2+ exposure decreased the antioxidative capacity and promoted lipid peroxidation in different tissues. Apoptosis was induced by Cu2+ exposure, and this activation was associated with the mitochondrial and ERK pathways in the hepatopancreas. ER stress-related genes were upregulated in the hepatopancreas but downregulated in the gills at higher doses of Cu2+. Autophagy was considerably influenced by Cu2+ exposure, as evidenced by the upregulation of autophagy-related genes in the hepatopancreas and gills. Cu2+ exposure also caused an immune response in different tissues, especially the hepatopancreas, where the TLR2-MyD88-NF-κB pathway was initiated to mediate the inflammatory response. Overall, our results suggest that Cu2+ exposure induces oxidative stress, ER stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and immune response in E. sinensis, and the toxicity may be implicated following the activation of the ERK, AMPK, and TLR2-MyD88-NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Shengyan Su
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Changyou Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yongkai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-051085554198
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10
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Bautista-Covarrubias JC, Valdez-Soto IE, Aguilar-Juárez M, Arreola-Hernández JO, Soto-Jiménez MF, Soto-Rodríguez SA, López-Sánchez JA, Osuna-Martínez CC, Frías-Espericueta MG. Cadmium and copper mixture effects on immunological response and susceptibility to Vibrio harveyi in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:145-151. [PMID: 36055556 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd2+) and copper (Cu2+) are considered immunotoxic metals and their presence in combination in the aquatic environment may cause effects on shrimp species as Litopenaeus vannamei. Thus, this research evaluates the combined effects of Cd2+ and Cu2+ on shrimp inoculated with Vibrio harveyi bacteria. The experiments were performed at 96-h of exposure to sublethal concentrations of both metals. No mortality was observed in organisms exposed to the sum of Criterion of Continuous Concentration (ΣCCC) in Cd + Cu mixture and those inoculated with V. harveyi. Higher clotting times were recorded in Cd + Cu + V. harveyi treatment at higher metal concentrations. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were recorded in hemocyanin content between shrimp exposed to metals and those experimentally infected. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) total hemocyte count (THC) was recorded at 96 h exposure in the ΣCCC and 10% treatments of Cd + Cu + V. harveyi experiment. Regarding Cd + Cu + V. harveyi bioassay, the highest phenoloxidase (PO) activity was recorded in shrimp inoculated with V. harveyi (0.326 ± 0.031 PO units/mg protein) at 96-h exposure. The lowest PO activity was observed in organisms exposed to Cd + Cu + V. harveyi. Regarding superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, shrimp exposed to higher metal concentrations at 96 h showed the lowest hemolymph activity (6.03 ± 0.62 SOD units/mL). Protein decrease was observed in organisms exposed to metal mixture. The results showed that L. vannamei could be more susceptible to V. harveyi when exposed to Cd + Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Bautista-Covarrubias
- Unidad Académica Escuela Nacional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Bahía de Matanchén. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Tepic, Nayarit, C.P., 63740, Mexico
| | - Iriana Edith Valdez-Soto
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, C.P., 82000, Mexico
| | - Marisela Aguilar-Juárez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, C.P., 82000, Mexico
| | | | - Martín Federico Soto-Jiménez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UNAM. Mazatlán Sinaloa, C.P., 82047, Mexico
| | | | - José Armando López-Sánchez
- Unidad Académica Escuela Nacional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Bahía de Matanchén. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Tepic, Nayarit, C.P., 63740, Mexico
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11
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Tagliaferro M, Rocha C, Marques JC, Gonçalves AMM. Assessment of metal exposure (uranium and copper) in fatty acids and carbohydrate profiles of Calamoceras marsupus larvae (Trichoptera) and Alnus glutinosa leaf litter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155613. [PMID: 35523349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physiological changes were explored in fatty acids (FA) and carbohydrate (CHO) composition in the shredder Calamoceras marsupus larvae (Trichoptera) and leaf litter (C. marsupus food) exposed to copper and uranium under natural and experimental conditions. We measured FA and CHO content in leaf litter and larvae specimens from reference and impacted streams, and exposed for 5 weeks to four realistic environmental concentrations of copper (35 μg L-1 and 70 μg L-1) and uranium (25 μg L-1 and 50 μg L-1). Regarding FA, (1) leaf litter had a reduced polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) content in metal treatments, s (14 to 33% of total FA), compared to natural conditions (≥39% of total FA). Leaf litter exposed to uranium also differed in saturated FA (SFA) composition, with lower values in natural conditions and higher values under low uranium concentrations. (2) C. marsupus had/showed low PUFA content under Cu and U exposure, particularly in high uranium concentrations. Detritivores also decreased in PUFA under exposure to both metals, particularly in high uranium concentrations. On the other hand, (1) microorganisms of the biofilm colonizing leaf litter differed in CHO composition between natural (impacted and reference) and experimental conditions, with glucose and galactose being consistently the most abundant sugars, found in different amounts under copper or uranium exposure; (2) CHO of detritivores showed similar high galactose and fucose concentrations in contaminated streams and high copper treatments, whereas low copper treatment showed distinct CHO profiles, with higher mannose, glucose, arabinose, and fucose concentrations. Our study provides evidence of metal exposure effects on FA and CHO contents at different trophic levels, which might alter the quality of food flow in trophic webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tagliaferro
- IDEA - Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - CONICET), Av, Vélez Sarsfield 299, X5000 JJC Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Rocha
- University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João C Marques
- University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M M Gonçalves
- University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Wang L, Wu N, Zhang Y, Wang G, Pu S, Guan T, Zhu C, Wang H, Li J. Effects of copper on non-specific immunity and antioxidant in the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113465. [PMID: 35364505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The copper, as heavy metal has important impacts on the antioxidant and immune defense systems in aquatic organisms, and the toxic effects of copper can be accumulated and magnified with the food chain, thus posing a threat to food safety as well as ecosystems. This study explored the response of the antioxidant system and non-specific immunity in M. nipponense to copper stress. Low concentration of copper (0.05, 0.1 mg L-1) had positive effects on the non-specific immunity in M. nipponense, while the non-specific immunity in M. nipponense could be affect negatively or even be inhibited by high copper concentration (0.15 mg L-1). Even low concentrations of copper could cause oxidative stress, and high copper concentration (0.15 mg L-1) could induce oxidative damage and even apoptosis, and thus causing damage to the antioxidant defense system in M. nipponense. Low concentration of copper could affect the gill and hepatopancreas structure in M. nipponense, but high level oxidative stress caused by high copper concentration could cause oxidative damage to these tissue, resulting in the destruction of gill and hepatopancreas. This study provides the safety concentration for using copper-containing fish drugs in the actual culture of M. nipponense and provides basic data for the toxicity mechanism of copper to M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Sunyan Pu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Tianyu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chuankun Zhu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Special Aquatic Organisms, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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13
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Liao ZH, Chuang HC, Huang HT, Wang PH, Chen BY, Lee PT, Wu YS, Nan FH. Bioaccumulation of arsenic and immunotoxic effect in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) exposed to trivalent arsenic. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:376-385. [PMID: 35181445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent arsenic (As (III)) contamination in the marine environment can produce adverse effects in crustaceans. The present study investigated the chronic toxicity of As (III) in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) by analyzing the tissue bioaccumulation and non-specific immune responses. Shrimps were exposed to 0 (control), 50, 500, and 2500 μg/L of As (III) for 21 days. The results showed that the hepatopancreas was the main tissue of arsenic accumulation in white shrimp. The cumulative concentration of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic but not arsenobetaine was positively correlated with the exposure concentration. In vitro As (III) treatment (0-2500 μg/L) with haemocytes isolated from healthy shrimp did not cause the cytotoxicity, but this arsenic treatments inhibited the phagocytic rate and O2- production. Moreover, the decrease of total haemocyte count and the inhibition of phagocytic rate, phagocytic index, O2- production and phenoloxidase activity were observed in white shrimp under the exposure of As (III) over a period of 21 days. This study revealed that chronic As (III) stress could disturb arsenic metabolism and immune responses in P. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hao Liao
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chieh Chuang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, No.142, Haijhuan Road., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Ting Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Ying Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsang Lee
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Xue-Fu Road, Neipu Township, Pingtung, 912301, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hua Nan
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2 Beining Road, Zhongzheng District, Keelung City, 202301, Taiwan.
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14
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Yang H, Jiang Y, Lu K, Xiong H, Zhang Y, Wei W. Herbicide atrazine exposure induce oxidative stress, immune dysfunction and WSSV proliferation in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131227. [PMID: 34147975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is considered as a potential environmental endocrine disruptors and exhibits various toxic effects on animals. It has a great impact in the aquatic ecosystems, but there are few studies on its immunotoxicity in crustaceans. In the present study, the Procambarus clarkii were utilized to assess the immune toxicity after 0.5 mg/L and 5 mg/L atrazine exposure. A significant decrease in total hemocytes count (THC) was observed at 5 mg/L atrazine exposure throughout the experiment. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly inhibited, but the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were up-regulated, indicating the potential oxidative stress. The analysis of the integrated biomarker response (IBR) showed the induction of oxidative stress biomarkers and the inhibition of antioxidants. After 5 mg/L atrazine exposure for 144 h, the integrity of crayfish hepatopancreas was destroyed with disappeared connections between tubules and increased liver tubules vacuoles. The relative expression levels of different immune genes in hepatopancreas after atrazine exposure were measured. Most of these genes were suppressed and exhibited a certain dose-dependent effect. The results of crayfish white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) replication shown the amount of virus in muscle was significantly higher and exhibited a higher mortality rate at 5 mg/L group than other groups. The present study determined the impact of atrazine exposure on WSSV outbreaks, and also provide an important basis for further assessing the occurrence of pesticides on diseases of P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yinan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Haoran Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenzhi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Dragičević P, Grbin D, Maguire I, Blažević SA, Abramović L, Tarandek A, Hudina S. Immune Response in Crayfish Is Species-Specific and Exhibits Changes along Invasion Range of a Successful Invader. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1102. [PMID: 34827095 PMCID: PMC8615248 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunity is an important component of invasion success since it enables invaders' adaptation to conditions of the novel environment as they expand their range. Immune response of invaders may vary along the invasion range due to encountered parasites/microbial communities, conditions of the local environment, and ecological processes that arise during the range expansion. Here, we analyzed changes in the immune response along the invasion range of one of the most successful aquatic invaders, the signal crayfish, in the recently invaded Korana River, Croatia. We used several standard immune parameters (encapsulation response, hemocyte count, phenoloxidaze activity, and total prophenoloxidaze) to: i) compare immune response of the signal crayfish along its invasion range, and between species (comparison with co-occurring native narrow-clawed crayfish), and ii) analyze effects of specific predictors (water temperature, crayfish abundance, and body condition) on crayfish immune response changes. Immune response displayed species-specificity, differed significantly along the signal crayfish invasion range, and was mostly affected by water temperature and population abundance. Specific immune parameters showed density-dependent variation corresponding to increased investment in them during range expansion. Obtained results offer baseline insights for elucidating the role of immunocompetence in the invasion success of an invertebrate freshwater invader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Dragičević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Dorotea Grbin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Maguire
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Sofia Ana Blažević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Lucija Abramović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Anita Tarandek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Sandra Hudina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (P.D.); (I.M.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.); (A.T.)
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Rosa JJDS, Martinez CBDR. Short communication: Effects of acute copper exposure on ionic regulation of the freshwater crab Aegla castro. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109106. [PMID: 34126254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aeglids are unique freshwater decapods whose habitats are being impacted by metallic compounds, such as copper (Cu). Thus, we investigated the effects of acute Cu exposure on ionic regulation of Aegla castro. For this, male specimens in intermolt were collected from a reference stream and acclimated for 5 days in laboratory. After which, crabs were exposed to 11 μg L-1 Cu (Cu11) or only to water (CTR) for 24 h. Hemolymph samples were withdrawn for the determination of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ concentrations and the posterior gills removed for the analysis of Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, H+-ATPase, and carbonic anhydrase (CA) activities. Increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ hemolymph concentrations were observed in animals from Cu11, when compared with CTR group. In addition, decreased activity of CA was observed in animals exposed to Cu. In the current study, alterations in Ca2+ and Mg2+concentrations probably indicate that animals activated exoskeleton reabsorption mechanisms, characteristic of the premolt. Therefore, increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in hemolymph may indicate that a biochemical signal associated with the molting cycle was triggered by Cu exposure. Despite the known harmful effects of Cu on osmoregulatory enzymes, here we observed decreased activity only in CA. However, decreased activity of CA could trigger both acid-base imbalance and ionic disruption, since CA provides H+ and HCO3- for intracellular pH maintenance, and underpins Na+ and Cl- for ionic regulation. Therefore, understanding how aeglids respond to metal contamination in laboratory conditions is crucial to assess their potential as an alternative biological model for aquatic ecotoxicology.
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Ikem A, Ayodeji OJ, Wetzel J. Human health risk assessment of selected metal(loid)s via crayfish ( Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) consumption in Missouri. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07194. [PMID: 34169162 PMCID: PMC8207206 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Farmed crustaceans are an important component in addressing the rising animal protein demand. The present study determined the concentrations of fourteen elements (Ag, As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sn, Pb, and Zn) in the edible abdominal muscle of cultured freshwater crayfish species (Faxonius virilis; Procambarus acutus acutus) from Missouri. Also, this paper describes the dietary intake and the human health risks from the consumption of crayfish muscle in the adult population. Overall, 172 animals were captured between February 2017 and January 2018 for assessment. Concentrations of metals (Ag, Be, Cd, Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mo, and Zn) and metalloid (As) in the muscle tissue were determined after microwave-assisted acid digestion by ICP - OES. Health indices (EDI/EWI: estimated daily/weekly intakes; THQ: target hazard quotient; TTHQ: total target hazard quotient; ILCR: incremental lifetime cancer risk; and ∑ILCR: cumulative lifetime cancer risk) were calculated and compared to thresholds. Of all samples, the highest concentrations (mg kg -1 wet weight) of metal(loid)s in muscle were Ag (0.11), As (3.15), Be (0.21), Cd (0.11), Co (0.32), Cr (1.22), Cu (107), Fe (23.0), Mn (8.54), Mo (0.62), Ni (2.65), Pb (1.76), Sn (5.91), and Zn (19.2). In both species, the average As, Cd, and Zn concentrations were below the legal limits. However, the levels of Cu, Pb, and As, in some samples, were in exceedance of the maximum levels. In both species, a significant correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between the carapace length (CL) and animal body weight (BW). In P. acutus, CL, BW, and animal total length were homogenous (p > 0.05) among the sexes. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of As, Be, and Zn in F. virilis, and Be and Cr in P. a. acutus among the genders. Significant inter-species differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the levels of Be, Ni, and Pb and the growth factors. The EDI/EWI values were below the permissible limits. THQ and TTHQ values, being below 1.0, indicated no probabilistic health risk. Regarding carcinogenic risk, only As and Ni indicated cancer risk (ILCR >10-5 and ∑ILCR >10-5) to the adult population. High metals/metalloid exposure from crayfish muscle consumption posed potential health hazards to the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abua Ikem
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
- Cooperative Research Programs, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
| | - Olukayode James Ayodeji
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79416, United States
| | - James Wetzel
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
- Cooperative Research Programs, Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101, United States
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18
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He K, Hain E, Timm A, Blaney L. Bioaccumulation of estrogenic hormones and UV-filters in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142871. [PMID: 33268253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic hormones and organic ultraviolet-filters (UV-filters) have attracted increased attention as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) due to their potent estrogenicity and widespread occurrence in the environment. This study investigated the accumulation of three estrogenic hormones and five UV-filters in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Exposure experiments were conducted for 42 days with a mixture of EDCs at two environmentally-relevant design concentrations (i.e., 500 and 5000 ng L-1). The aqueous-phase EDC concentrations decreased over time and were re-established every two days. Within 14 days of exposure, the five UV-filters were measured at 2.2 to 265 ng g-1 (dry weight) in crayfish tail tissue. Only one estrogenic hormone, 17β-estradiol, was detected in the crayfish at 10.4-13.5 ng g-1. No apparent changes were observed for EDC concentrations in the tail tissue over the next four weeks of exposure. The apparent bioaccumulation factors for the EDCs ranged from 23 L (kg tail tissue, dry weight)-1 for 4-methylbenzylidene camphor to 1050 L (kg tail tissue, dry weight)-1 for 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate. EDC input was stopped after 42 days, and the more hydrophobic UV-filters (i.e., octocrylene, 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate, homosalate) were found to be persistent throughout a 14-d elimination period. A lyticase-assisted yeast estrogen screen demonstrated that the residual estrogenic activity of water samples aligned with (or was lower than) predictions from targeted chemical analysis. These results suggest that the transformation products did not contribute significant estrogenicity, although further analysis of endocrine disruption outcomes in crayfish is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Ethan Hain
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Anne Timm
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 5523 Research Park Drive, Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
| | - Lee Blaney
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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19
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Wei K, Wei Y, Song C. The response of phenoloxidase to cadmium-disturbed hepatopancreatic immune-related molecules in freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:190-198. [PMID: 32058094 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There has been extensive research on local and systemic oxidative stress and immunosuppression in cadmium exposed crustaceans, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Because of multiple functions of epithelial cells, such as storing and detoxifying heavy metals, producing and secreting immune-related molecules (i.e. hemocyanin, NF-κB and CBS/H2S et al.), hepatopancreas may play an important role in immune system. In the present study, as an indication of systemic and local immune status in crayfish Procambarus clarkii, the relationship between PO activities in haemolymph and levels of CBS/H2S/NF-κBp65 in hepatopancreas was evaluated following a 96 h exposure to sub-lethal Cd2+ concentrations (1/40, 1/8 and 1/4 of the 96 h LC50). The results indicated that there was a significant increase in ROS contents accompanied by markedly decreased THC and PO levels (P < 0.01) in a dose- and time- dependent manner. The evolutionarily conserved CBS and NF-κB p65 showed obvious difference (P < 0.01) (including cellular distribution and expression level) between the healthy and pathological conditions based on IHC analysis. Even small change of endogenous H2S content may be closely related to NF-κB p65 level and PO activity (P < 0.01). There was significantly negative correlation (P < 0.05) between PO activity and expression levels of CBS and NF-κB p65. Obviously, crayfish innate immunity was a highly complex network of various cells, molecules, and signaling pathways which operate, at least partly, through small signaling molecules such as H2S. ROS-mediated CBS/H2S/NF-κB pathway probably allowed hepatopancreas to inhibit PO activity under cadmium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Wei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Yue Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changxia Song
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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20
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Hoseini SM, Khalili M, Rajabiesterabadi H, Hoseinifar SH, Doan HV. Effects of dietary monoterpene, myrcene, administration on immune- and health-related genes expression in common carp gill following exposure to copper sulfate. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:438-445. [PMID: 31972293 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the potential benefits of myrcene administration to suppress negative effects of copper exposure on immune-, antioxidant-, tight junction-, stress- and osmoregulatory-related gene expressions in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) gill. Fish were fed with diets containing 0% (control), 0.5% (M0.5) and 1% (M1) myrcene for 6 weeks, and then, exposed to 0.25 mg/L copper for further two weeks. The fish gill samples were taken for gene expression assays after six and eight weeks. The results showed that there were interaction effects of myrcene levels and copper exposure on superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), glutathione reductase (gr), heat shock protein-70 (hsp70), interleukin 1-beta (il1b), interleukin 10 (il10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfa), occludin (occl), caludin 3 (cld3), caludin 7 (cld7), and Na+-K+-ATPase (nka) genes expressions. Overall, the M0.5 treatment had significantly lower antioxidant genes expression, and higher hsp70, cytokines, tight-junction proteins, and nka genes expression, compared to the control treatment, before copper exposure. Copper exposure significantly down-regulated most of the tested genes (except il10), however, the M0.5 treatment had significantly higher antioxidant (except gpx), hsp70, cld7, and nka gene expression compared to the control treatment. The M1 treatment showed fluctuated antioxidant gene expressions, down-regulated gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and occl, and up-regulation of cld3 gene expressions, before copper exposure. After copper exposure, this treatment had significantly higher gr and cat expression compared to the control; moreover, there was a marked up-regulation in il10 gene expression in this treatment, which was the highest value among all treatment combinations. In conclusion, copper exposure significantly down-regulates antioxidant-, inflammatory-, and tight junction-related along with hsp70 and nka genes expression in common carp gills. Pre-treatment with 0.5% myrcene is beneficial to suppress such negative effects, probably due to its antioxidant properties. However, myrcene administration must be done with caution, as higher levels may interfere with antioxidant and immune defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Rajabiesterabadi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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21
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Tang D, Shi X, Guo H, Bai Y, Shen C, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the gills of Procambarus clarkii provides novel insights into the immune-related mechanism of copper stress tolerance. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:32-40. [PMID: 31786343 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The red-swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is the most important economic shrimp species in China, and is an important model crustacean organism in many fields of research. In crustaceans, gills interface directly with the ambient environment and thus play a vital role in the toxicology. In the context of increasing environmental heavy metal pollution, the relationship between copper (Cu2+) stress and the immune response of P. clarkii has recently received considerable attention. However, impact of Cu2+ on the crayfish immune system is still not fully understood. In this study, we used Illumina sequencing technology to perform a transcriptome analysis of the gills of P. clarkii after 24 h of Cu2+ treatment. A total of 37,226,812 unigenes were assembled, and 1943 unigenes were significantly differentially expressed between the control and Cu2+ treatment groups. Functional categorization of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that genes related to antioxidant activity, detoxication, metabolic processes, biosynthetic processes, and immune system processes were differentially regulated during Cu2+ stress. In addition, DEGs in the immune system were classified as being related to the MAPK signaling pathway, purine metabolism, Toll and Imd signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway. Five genes (CuZnSOD, CAT, IDH1, PHYH and DECR2) were significantly up-regulated in the peroxisome pathway, which plays an important role in reacting to oxidative stress. Importantly, qRT-PCR validation of the results for seven genes chosen at random (NDK, ATP6L, ATP5C1, RPS14, RPL22e, CTSF and HSP90A) confirmed the Illumina sequencing results. This study provides a valuable starting point for further studies to elucidate the molecular basis of the immune system's response to Cu2+ stress in crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayun Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Lou F, Gao T, Han Z. Transcriptome analyses reveal alterations in muscle metabolism, immune responses and reproductive behavior of Japanese mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) at different cold temperature. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 32:100615. [PMID: 31419604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low temperature reduction is thought to cause widespread effects on the physical and behavioral traits of marine organisms, which include metabolic processes, immune responses, and reproductive behavior. Crustaceans are generally considered sensitive to temperature reduction due to the lack of efficient regulators. To better understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crustacean exposure to cold stress, Japanese mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) was chosen as a representative crustacean. Transcriptomic responses in O. oratoria from five temperatures (25 °C, 22 °C, 19 °C, 16 °C, and 13 °C) were studied using RNA-seq. A total of 64.91 Gb of clean transcriptomic data were generated in 10 libraries and then spliced into 52,107 unigenes with an average length of 1089 bp and an N50 length of 1872 bp. A total of 14,841 unigenes was annotated in at least one database using Blastx alignment. Compared with the control temperature (25 °C), 7, 21, 58, and 236 unigenes were significantly differentially expressed at 22 °C, 19 °C, 16 °C, and 13 °C, respectively. GO analysis showed that 6, 20, 27, and 35 terms were significantly enriched at 22 °C, 19 °C, 16 °C, and 13 °C, respectively. In addition, 2, 5, 2, and 10 significant pathways were presented at 22 °C, 19 °C, 16 °C, and 13 °C, respectively. Combining NR, GO, and KEGG annotation information, many genes significantly differentially expressed at low temperatures may be associated with metabolic processes, immune response, and reproductive behavior. Additionally, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationship based on 366 orthologous genes and the predicted differentiation time of O. oratoria and P. vannamei range from 212.82 to 365.30 Mya. Furthermore, 16 orthologous genes were identified as PSGs and 30 orthologous genes were identified as FEGs and these adaptive genes were associated with energy metabolism, stress response and immunity, and multiple cellular processing. These results provide fundamental information about molecular mechanisms regulating cold stress response of O. oratoria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Lou
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China; Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Tianxiang Gao
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
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23
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Zhang X, Liu D, Ru S. Cu accumulation, detoxification and tolerance in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 175:201-207. [PMID: 30901637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential metal but potentially toxic to aquatic animals at high levels. The present study investigated physiologically adaptive responses to waterborne Cu2+ exposure (0, 0.03, 0.30, 3.00 mg/L) in a representative species of crustaceans, the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) for 7 d, followed by a 7-d depuration period. The tissue-specific distribution of Cu showed that crayfish hepatopancreas was the primary accumulating site among internal tissues. During Cu2+ exposure, crayfish repressed the expression level of Cu homeostasis genes (Ctr1, Atox1, copper-transporting ATPase 2, MTF-1/2, and MT) in hepatopancreas to inhibit intracellular Cu transporting. Cu2+-exposed crayfish increased activities of GPx and GST, GSH contents, and mRNA expression of antioxidative enzyme genes (Cu/Zn-sod, cat, gpx, gst) to cope with the Cu2+-induced oxidative stress which accompanied by an increased MDA content. Additionally, after a 7-d depuration, crayfish effectively eliminated excess Cu from hepatopancreas by up-regulating expression level of Cu homeostasis genes, and recovered from oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidative enzyme gene expression (Cu/Zn-sod, cat, gpx, gst) and consuming more GSH, which thereby caused a return of the MDA level to the control value. Overall, our study provided new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of cellular Cu homeostasis system and antioxidative system, contributing to Cu detoxification and tolerance ability exhibited by crayfish under Cu2+ stress and after withdrawal of Cu2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong province, China.
| | - Dasheng Liu
- Ecological Society of Shandong, Zhijinshi Jie 12, Jinan 250012, China; Shandong Institute of Environmental Science, Lishan Lu 50, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong province, China.
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24
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Park K, Kim WS, Kwak IS. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals impair the innate immune prophenoloxidase system in the intertidal mud crab, Macrophthalmus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:322-332. [PMID: 30682408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), xenobiotics that interfere with endogenous hormone function, have been studied for their impacts in aquatic environments. However, there is limited information about the potentially hazardous impact of bisphenol A (BPA) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on the marine environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BPA and DEHP on the immune response of the intertidal mud crab, Macrophthalmus japonicus. In order to examine immunological responses involving the prophenoloxidase (proPO) system, mRNA transcript and activity levels of six immune-related genes, including lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP), proPO, phenoloxidase (PO), peroxinectin (PE), serine protease inhibitor (Serpin), and trypsin (Tryp), were assessed in M. japonicus hepatopancreas and gills exposed to BPA or DEHP. Expression of immune genes generally decreased in M. japonicus hepatopancreas and gills exposed to all concentrations of BPA by days 4 and 7. However, at day 1, expression of Serpin and Tryp genes was significantly increased in M. japonicus hepatopancreas and gills exposed to BPA. For DEHP exposure, all genes, with the exception of Serpin, were significantly downregulated in M. japonicus gills. In the hepatopancreas, gene expression of PO, proPO, and LGBP increased at day 1, and then decreased by day 7, while mRNA expression of Serpin and Tryp exhibited up-regulation over all exposure periods. In addition, PE gene expression was upregulated in hepatopancreas at day 7 in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicated that the crab immune responses were perturbed by exposure to BPA, and, in particular, DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 550-749, South Korea
| | - Won-Seok Kim
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 550-749, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 550-749, South Korea.
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Roos-Muñoz S, Voltolina D, Aguilar-Juárez M, Abad-Rosales S, Bautista-Covarrubias JC, Bañuelos-Vargas MI, Soto-Jiménez MF, Frías-Espericueta MG. DNA Damage and Immunological Responses in the Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Exposed to Sublethal Levels of Mercury. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:186-190. [PMID: 30600389 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles were exposed to sublethal levels (2.33-18.03 µg/L) of inorganic mercury. Time of exposure (0, 24 and 168 h) was a source of DNA damage. Mean comet tail length not changed significantly with mercury concentrations and exposure time, and this parameter cannot be used to assess DNA damage in this shrimp. Total hemocyte count showed a trend to decrease according to the increase of mercury concentrations, although no significant difference between treatments with mercury was observed. The phenoloxidase (PO) activity was not influenced by the time of exposure. At the end of the experiment, the PO in organisms exposed to 18.03 µg/L was different from the control. The time of exposure has a more important influence in superoxide dismutase than the concentration of mercury. According to these results, a suitable criterion of water quality for long-term exposure of L. vannamei should be lower than 2 µg/L of mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahi Roos-Muñoz
- Posgrado en Ciencias en Recursos Acuáticos, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. de los Deportes, CP 82017, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Domenico Voltolina
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Laboratorio UAS-CIBNOR, A.P. 1132, CP 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Marisela Aguilar-Juárez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen S/N, Col. Los Pinos, CP 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Juan C Bautista-Covarrubias
- Unidad Académica Escuela Nacional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Bahía de Matanchén Km 12, CP 63776, San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - M Isaura Bañuelos-Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen S/N, Col. Los Pinos, CP 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Martín F Soto-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Joel Montes Camarena S/N, CP 82040, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Martín G Frías-Espericueta
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen S/N, Col. Los Pinos, CP 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Araújo CVM, Pereira KC, Blasco J. Avoidance response by shrimps to a copper gradient: Does high population density prevent avoidance of contamination? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:3095-3101. [PMID: 30255605 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays using the nonforced exposure approach have been shown to be a relevant tool that might complement the traditional ecotoxicological risk assessment. Because the nonforced exposure approach is based on spatial displacement of organisms and the consequent habitat selection processes, the population density might play an important role in the decision to avoid or prefer an ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess if the avoidance response to contamination, measured in a nonforced exposure system, is density-dependent and how determinant contamination could be for the habitat-selection process in comparison with the population density. The freshwater shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii was exposed to a copper gradient in a nonforced exposure system formed by 7 interconnected compartments (total volume 600 mL), which contained different copper concentrations. The density treatments used were 3, 5, and 10 organisms per compartment, corresponding to 0.5, 0.8, and 1.7 organisms per 100 mL, respectively. Clearly, the avoidance response to copper was more intense in the population with the lower density: the highest population density showed the lowest avoidance. The concentrations that triggered an avoidance of 50% of the population were 47, 134, and 163 μg L-1 . In summary, it was observed that shrimps were able to detect and avoid potentially toxic copper concentrations but that the avoidance response was affected by population density. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:3095-3101. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Karyna C Pereira
- Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julián Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia, Cádiz, Spain
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Haque MN, Lee DH, Kim BM, Nam SE, Rhee JS. Dose- and age-specific antioxidant responses of the mysid crustacean Neomysis awatschensis to metal exposure. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 201:21-30. [PMID: 29859404 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne metals can adversely affect an organism's innate defenses through oxidative stress. In the present study, the marine mysid Neomysis awatchensis was exposed to sublethal concentrations (1/10 and 1/5 of the median LC50s) of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn for 48 or 96 h at the juvenile and adult developmental stages, and the dose- and age-specific antioxidant defense system responses were characterized. Metal accumulation and modulation of four key antioxidant biomarkers, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase, and catalase, were measured in juvenile and adult mysids. Based on LC50, level of metal toxicity was dependent on metal concentration, developmental stage, and the exposure duration. Intracellular MDA content was increased in the As-, Cu-, Pb-, and Zn-exposed juvenile mysids after exposure for 48 and/or 96 h, while increases in MDA content were observed in adult mysids following Cu and Zn exposure. Interestingly, GSH content was differentially modulated, where intracellular GSH levels decreased in juvenile mysids following Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exposure, but significantly increased in metal-exposed adult mysids, except for Pb exposure. The catalase and superoxide dismutase activities displayed similar stage-specific increases or decreases as also observed for the different GSH levels, suggesting that the susceptibility to and defense against metal-induced oxidative stress differed based on stage. Modulations in MDA and GSH content and enzymatic activity of the antioxidant defense system indicate that mysid antioxidant defense system factors are intimately connected during control of oxidative imbalances with different capacities at different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Niamul Haque
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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28
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Guo H, Li K, Wang W, Wang C, Shen Y. Effects of Copper on Hemocyte Apoptosis, ROS Production, and Gene Expression in White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 179:318-326. [PMID: 28238057 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper, a common chemical contaminant in aquatic environment, is known to be toxic to aquatic life at high concentrations. In the present study, we evaluated the apoptotic cell ratio and ROS production in hemocytes of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to 1 or 5 mg L-1 Cu for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. The expression changes of antioxidant biomarker genes, i.e., copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) and catalase (CAT), apoptosis-related genes, i.e., caspase-3 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), and a specific biomarker gene of heavy metal pollution, i.e., metallothionein (MT), were also determined in hemocytes. Significant increases in ROS production were observed in both treatment groups at each time points. The apoptotic cell ratios were significantly increased at 6-48 h among shrimp exposed to 1 mg L-1 Cu and at each time points in 5 mg L-1 Cu group. These results indicated that Cu would induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in the hemocyte of L. vannamei. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the relative expression levels of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, caspase-3, IAP, and MT were upregulated in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of these genes in stress response against Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Aquaculture Environment of Zhanjiang, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Zhou Y, Jing W, Dahms HU, Hwang JS, Wang L. Oxidative damage, ultrastructural alterations and gene expressions of hemocytes in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense exposed to cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 138:130-138. [PMID: 28040618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of Cd was tested with the hemocytes of the freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, which were exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.725, 1.450, and 2.900mgL-1 Cd for 7, 14 and 21 d. We investigated the effects of Cd on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative damage of biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl derivates (PCO), and DNA-protein crosslink (DPC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was applied to assess ultrastructural changes of hemocytes. The mRNA expression levels of prophenoloxidase (proPO), lysozyme (LSZ), metallothionein (MT), and the activity of phenoloxidase (PO) were also determined. Our results showed that TAC was inhibited by Cd, resulting in an increase of MDA contents, PCO contents, and DPC levels in hemocytes, respectively. Ultrastructural observations revealed that chromatin condensation, nucleus deformation, mitochondrial dilation, rough endoplasmatic reticulum (rER) degranulation and secondary or tertiary lysosomes were observed in hemocytes of crabs exposed to Cd. Meanwhile, the expression levels of proPO were down-regulated, while the activity of PO was up-regulated in hemocytes. The expression levels of LSZ and MT were up-regulated to some extent. Our findings suggest these parameters could be used as biomarkers in the monitoring of heavy metal pollution and quantitative risk assessments of pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Zhou
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Weixin Jing
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
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Pourmozaffar S, Hajimoradloo A, Miandare HK. Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 60:65-71. [PMID: 27840173 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of various levels of ACV® and Propionic acid (PA) on expression of immune related genes and growth performance in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Three hundred and seventy-five shrimps with an average initial weight of 10.2 ± 0.04 g were collected and acclimatized for two weeks. Five experimental diets including control diet, 0.5% PA diet and 1%, 2% and 4% ACV® diets were applied to feed the shrimps. They were fed 4 times a day with 2.5% of body weight. After 60 days of culture, shrimps fed with ACV® and PA diets showed no significant difference in growth performance. Expression of prophenoloxidase (proPo), lysozyme (Lys), penaeidin-3a (Pen-3a) and Crustin (Cru) genes were determined from hepatopancreas, using the real-time PCR after 15, 30 and 60 days. Expression of Lys and proPo genes was significantly up regulated in shrimps fed with ACV® and PA diets compared to the control group after 30 and 60 days of treatment. After 15 days, Pen-3a gene expression was significantly higher in PA group compared to the control group. Also, shrimps fed with 1% and 4% ACV® and PA diets showed significantly increased expression of Pen-3a after 30 days. In contrast, expression of Cru was significantly down regulated in response to ACV® diets, but, Cru expression in treated shrimps with PA diet was greater than the control group after 30 and 60 days. Overall, the results provided evidence that ACV® could be used as a natural immunostimulant for shrimps in order to adjust and enhance expression of the immune related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Pourmozaffar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamed Kolangi Miandare
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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