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Haider FU, Zulfiqar U, Ain NU, Mehmood T, Ali U, Ramos Aguila LC, Li Y, Siddique KHM, Farooq M. Managing antimony pollution: Insights into Soil-Plant system dynamics and remediation Strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142694. [PMID: 38925521 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly concerned about antimony (Sb) in ecosystems and the environment. Sb primarily enters the environment through anthropogenic (urbanization, industries, coal mining, cars, and biosolid wastes) and geological (natural and chemical weathering of parent material, leaching, and wet deposition) processes. Sb is a hazardous metal that can potentially harm human health. However, no comprehensive information is available on its sources, how it behaves in soil, and its bioaccumulation. Thus, this study reviews more than 160 peer-reviewed studies examining Sb's origins, geochemical distribution and speciation in soil, biogeochemical mechanisms regulating Sb mobilization, bioavailability, and plant phytotoxicity. In addition, Sb exposure effects plant physio-morphological and biochemical attributes were investigated. The toxicity of Sb has a pronounced impact on various aspects of plant life, including a reduction in seed germination and impeding plant growth and development, resulting from restricted essential nutrient uptake, oxidative damages, disruption of photosynthetic system, and amino acid and protein synthesis. Various widely employed methods for Sb remediation, such as organic manure and compost, coal fly ash, biochar, phytoremediation, microbial-based bioremediation, micronutrients, clay minerals, and nanoremediation, are reviewed with a critical assessment of their effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and suitability for use in agricultural soils. This review shows how plants deal with Sb stress, providing insights into lowering Sb levels in the environment and lessening risks to ecosystems and human health along the food chain. Examining different methods like bioaccumulation, bio-sorption, electrostatic attraction, and complexation actively works to reduce toxicity in contaminated agricultural soil caused by Sb. In the end, the exploration of recent advancements in genetics and molecular biology techniques are highlighted, which offers valuable insights into combating Sb toxicity. In conclusion, the findings of this comprehensive review should help develop innovative and useful strategies for minimizing Sb absorption and contamination and thus successfully managing Sb-polluted soil and plants to reduce environmental and public health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Ain
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Department Sensors and Modeling, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Umed Ali
- Department of Agriculture, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi 82000, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yuelin Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman.
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Wadood A, Hameed A, Akram S, Ghaffar M. Unraveling the impact of water deficit stress on nutritional quality and defense response of tomato genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1403895. [PMID: 38957600 PMCID: PMC11217520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1403895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Water deficit stress triggers various physiological and biochemical changes in plants, substantially affecting both overall plant defense response and thus nutritional quality of tomatoes. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant defense response and nutritional quality of different tomato genotypes under water deficit stress. In this study, six tomato genotypes were used and subjected to water deficit stress by withholding water for eight days under glass house conditions. Various physiological parameters from leaves and biochemical parameters from tomato fruits were measured to check the effect of antioxidant defense response and nutritional value. Multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) was used for the selection of genotypes with improved defense response and nutritional value under water deficit stress condition. Results indicated that all physiological parameters declined under stress conditions compared to the control. Notably, NBH-362 demonstrated resilience to water deficit stress, improving both defense response and nutritional quality which is evident by an increase in proline (16.91%), reducing sugars (20.15%), total flavonoids (10.43%), superoxide dismutase (24.65%), peroxidase (14.7%), and total antioxidant capacity (29.9%), along with a decrease in total oxidant status (4.38%) under stress condition. Overall, the findings suggest that exposure to water deficit stress has the potential to enhance the nutritional quality of tomatoes. However, the degree of this enhancement is contingent upon the distinct genetic characteristics of various tomato genotypes. Furthermore, the promising genotype (NBH-362) identified in this study holds potential for future utilization in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Wadood
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba Akram
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Ghaffar
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Silva IP, Costa MGC, Costa-Pinto MFF, Silva MAA, Coelho Filho MA, Fancelli M. Volatile compounds in citrus in adaptation to water deficit and to herbivory by Diaphorina citri: How the secondary metabolism of the plant is modulated under concurrent stresses. A review. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112157. [PMID: 38871029 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Citrus plants are grown in diverse regions of the world, from subtropical to semi-arid and humid tropical areas. Through mechanisms essential for their survival, they adapt to the environmental conditions to which they are subjected. Although there is vast literature on adaptation of citrus plants to individual stresses, plant responses to interaction among different types of stresses have not been clearly examined. Abiotic or biotic stresses, or a combination of these stresses, result in reorganization of plant energy resources for defense, whether it be for resistance, tolerance, or prevention of stress. Plants generally respond to these stress factors through production of secondary metabolites, such as volatile compounds, derived from different biosynthesis and degradation pathways, which are released through distinct routes. Volatile compounds vary among plant species, meeting the specific needs of the plant. Simultaneous exposure to the stress factors of water deficit and herbivory leads to responses such as qualitative and quantitative changes in the emission of secondary metabolites, and compounds may accumulate within the leaves or predispose the plant to more quickly respond to the stress brought about by the herbivore. The genetic makeup of citrus plants can contribute to a better response to stress factors; however, studies on the emission of volatile compounds in different citrus genotypes under simultaneous stresses are limited. This review examines the effects of abiotic stress due to water deficit and biotic stress due to herbivory by Diaphorina citri in citrus plants and examines their connection with volatile compounds. A summary is made of advances in knowledge regarding the performance of volatile compounds in plant defense against both stress factors, as well as the interaction between them and possible findings in citrus plants. In addition, throughout this review, we focus on how genetic variation of the citrus species is correlated with production of volatile compounds to improve stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiara Pereira Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Márcio Gilberto Cardoso Costa
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Monique Ayala Araújo Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
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Zhou J, Li J, Liang E, Qi M, Huang Y, Zhang L. Transcriptomic Analysis Under Drought and Salt Stress Provides Insight into Genes Putatively Involved in Ginsenoside Biosynthesis in Panax japonicus Meyer. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10845-y. [PMID: 38836961 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Panax japonicus Meyer, a perennial herb of the dicotyledonaceae family Araliaceae, is a rare folk traditional Chinese medicine, known as "the king of herbal medicine" in China. To understand the genes involved in secondary pathways under drought and salt stress, the transcriptomic analysis of P. japonicus is of vital importance. The transcriptome of underground rhizomes, stems, and leaves under drought and salt stress in P. japonicus were performed using the Illumina HiSeq platform. After de novo assembly of transcripts, expression profiling and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed. Furthermore, putative functions of identified DEGs correlated with ginsenoside in P. japonicus were explored using Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. A total of 221,804 unigenes were obtained from the transcriptome of P. japonicus. The further analysis revealed that 10,839 unigenes were mapped to 91 KEGG pathways. Furthermore, a total of two metabolic pathways of P. japonicus in response to drought and salt stress related to triterpene saponin synthesis were screened. The sesquiterpene and triterpene metabolic pathways were annotated and finally putatively involved in ginsenoside content and correlation analysis of the expression of these genes were analyzed to identify four genes, β-amyrin synthase, isoprene synthase, squalene epoxidase, and 1-deoxy-D-ketose-5-phosphate synthase, respectively. Our results paves the way for screening highly expressed genes and mining genes related to triterpenoid saponin synthesis. It also provides valuable references for the study of genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis and signal pathway of P. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, China
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - E Liang
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Minjie Qi
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Yuanshe Huang
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, China.
- Innovation Center for Efficient Agriculture of Guizhou Mountain Characteristics, Anshun University, Anshun, China.
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Koim-Puchowska B, Kamiński P, Puchowski P, Ossowska A, Wieloch M, Labudda M, Tkaczenko H, Barczak T, Woźniak A, Kurhaluk N. Can Environmental Stressors Determine the Condition of Ecological Plant Groups? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1550. [PMID: 38891357 PMCID: PMC11174637 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
There is still a need to investigate the relationships between glycophytes and halophytes and the many biotic and abiotic factors in their natural environments. Therefore, we study the effects of the type of environment on the ecophysiological responses and condition of the glycophyte Elder Sambucus nigra L., the macrophyte Common Reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., the facultative halophyte Weeping Alkaligrass Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl, and the obligate halophyte Common Glasswort Salicornia europaea L. in a saline-disturbed anthropogenic region of central Poland. We analyzed the effects of salinity, acidity, and soil organic matter on shoot length, lipoperoxidation, and proline in roots and green parts, and evaluated plant responses to environmental disturbance, which allowed for the comparison of adaptation strategies. The studies were carried out in (1) "sodium production" (near sodium factories), (2) "anthropogenic environments" (waste dumps, agroecosystems, calcium deposits, post-production tanks), (3) "wetland environments" (near river channels and riparian areas), and (4) "control" (natural, unpolluted environments). Green parts of plants are better suited to indicate environmental stress than roots. Their higher structural MDA membrane damage is related to the transport of toxic ions to the shoots by a rapid transpiration stream in the xylem. We found high salinity to be the main factor inducing growth and found it to be correlated with the high pH effect on proline increase in glycophytes (Elder, Reed) and Weeping Alkaligrass, in contrast to Common Glasswort. We suggest that proline accumulation allows osmotic adjustment in the green parts of reeds and alkaligrasses, but may have another function (in Elder). Common Glasswort accumulates large amounts of Na+, which is energetically more effective than proline accumulation for osmotic adjustment. Organic matter affects plant growth and proline levels, but soil salinity and pH alter nutrient availability. Plant distribution along the salinity gradient indicates that Elder is the most salt-sensitive species compared to Reed, Alkaligrass, and Glasswort. Salinity and the lack of control of thick reeds, which compete with other plant groups, affect the distribution of halophytes in saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Koim-Puchowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Ks. J. Poniatowski St. 12, PL 85-671 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Division of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Piotr Puchowski
- Government Forestry in Toruń, Zamrzenica Forestry District, Zamrzenica 1A, PL 89-510 Bysław, Poland;
| | - Anna Ossowska
- Division of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Monika Wieloch
- Division of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, PL 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Halina Tkaczenko
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22 B, PL 76-200 Słupsk, Poland; (H.T.); (N.K.)
| | - Tadeusz Barczak
- Department of Biology and Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Hetmańska St. 33, PL 85-039 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicz St. 24, PL 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Natalia Kurhaluk
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22 B, PL 76-200 Słupsk, Poland; (H.T.); (N.K.)
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Baba Y, Cimen A, Birinci Yildirim A, Ucar Turker A. How does water stress affect the bioaccumulation of galanthamine and lycorine, growth performance, phenolic content and defense enzyme activities in summer snowflake ( Leucojum aestivum L.)? PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:775-790. [PMID: 38846456 PMCID: PMC11150218 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Leucojum aestivum L. is an Amaryllidaceae bulbous plant with two alkaloids that have remarkable medicinal potential: galanthamine and lycorine. Although the presence of galanthamine in L. aestivum has commercial value for the pharmaceutical industry and the effect of water stress (WS) applications on secondary metabolite enhancement is well established in a variety of plants, no studies have been carried out to reveal the effectiveness of WS on this beneficial medicinal plant. Objective of the study was to investigate the effects of eight different WS treatments [Control, waterlogging (WL) condition, and drought stress conditions (water deficiency generated by water deficit irrigation-WDI 25%, 50%, and 75%- and polyethylene glycol-PEG 6000 15%, 30%, and 45%-)] on growth parameters, alkaloid levels (galanthamine and lycorine), non-enzymatic antioxidant activities (total phenol-flavonoid content and free radical scavenging activity), and enzymatic antioxidant activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] of L. aestivum in a pot experiment. Based on the findings, maximum increases in growth parameters were obtained with PEG-induced WS treatments. Moderate water deficiency (50% WDI) produced the highest levels of galanthamine and lycorine, total phenol-flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity, along with moderately elevated CAT activity in the bulbs. All WS treatments resulted in increased CAT activity in the bulbs. It was observed that bulbs had higher SOD and CAT activities under WL conditions had lower fresh weights and were close to control in terms of alkaloid levels, total phenol-flavonoid content, and free radical scavenging activity. When all of the outcomes were taken into account, it can be concluded that moderate water-deficit stress (50% WDI) was regarded as the most effective treatment for increasing the pharmaceutical value of L. aestivum. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Baba
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Ayca Cimen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Arzu Birinci Yildirim
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Arzu Ucar Turker
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14030 Bolu, Türkiye
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Mian NH, Azeem M, Ali Q, Mahmood S, Akram MS. Alpha lipoic acid mitigates adverse impacts of drought stress on growth and yield of mungbean: photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidative defense mechanism. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17191. [PMID: 38699184 PMCID: PMC11064871 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Exogenous use of potential organic compounds through different modes is a promising strategy for the induction of water stress tolerance in crop plants for better yield. Aims The present study aimed to explore the potential role of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in inducing water stress tolerance in mungbean lines when applied exogenously through various modes. Methods The experiment was conducted in a field with a split-plot arrangement, having three replicates for each treatment. Two irrigation regimes, including normal and reduced irrigation, were applied. The plants allocated to reduced irrigation were watered only at the reproductive stage. Three levels of ALA (0, 0.1, 0.15 mM) were applied through different modes (seed priming, foliar or priming+foliar). Key results ALA treatment through different modes manifested higher growth under reduced irrigation (water stress) and normal irrigation. Compared to the other two modes, the application of ALA as seed priming was found more effective in ameliorating the adverse impacts of water stress on growth and yield associated with their better content of leaf photosynthetic pigments, maintenance of plant water relations, levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants, improved activities of enzymatic antioxidants, and decreased lipid peroxidation and H2O2 levels. The maximum increase in shoot fresh weight (29% and 28%), shoot dry weight (27% and 24%), 100-grain weight (24% and 23%) and total grain yield (20% and 21%) in water-stressed mungbean plants of line 16003 and 16004, respectively, was recorded due to ALA seed priming than other modes of applications. Conclusions Conclusively, 0.1 and 0.15 mM levels of ALA as seed priming were found to reduce the adverse impact of water stress on mungbean yield that was associated with improved physio-biochemical mechanisms. Implications The findings of the study will be helpful for the agriculturalists working in arid and semi-arid regions to obtain a better yield of mungbean that will be helpful to fulfill the food demand in those areas to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Ali
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Mahmood
- Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Mascellani Bergo A, Leiss K, Havlik J. Twenty Years of 1H NMR Plant Metabolomics: A Way Forward toward Assessment of Plant Metabolites for Constitutive and Inducible Defenses to Biotic Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:8332-8346. [PMID: 38501393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Metabolomics has become an important tool in elucidating the complex relationship between a plant genotype and phenotype. For over 20 years, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been known for its robustness, quantitative capabilities, simplicity, and cost-efficiency. 1H NMR is the method of choice for analyzing a broad range of relatively abundant metabolites, which can be used for both capturing the plant chemical profile at one point in time and understanding the pathways that underpin plant defense. This systematic Review explores how 1H NMR-based plant metabolomics has contributed to understanding the role of various compounds in plant responses to biotic stress, focusing on both primary and secondary metabolites. It clarifies the challenges and advantages of using 1H NMR in plant metabolomics, interprets common trends observed, and suggests guidelines for method development and establishing standard procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mascellani Bergo
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czechia
| | - Kirsten Leiss
- Business Unit Greenhouse Horticulture, Wageningen University & Research, 2665MV Bleiswijk, Netherlands
| | - Jaroslav Havlik
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czechia
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Maleki M, Shojaeiyan A, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A. Differential responses of two fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) landraces pretreated with melatonin to prolonged drought stress and subsequent recovery. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38429697 PMCID: PMC10908034 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought impairs growth, disturbs photosynthesis, and induces senescence in plants, which results in crop productivity reduction and ultimately jeopardizes human food security. The objective of this study was to determine major parameters associated with drought tolerance and recovery ability of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), by examining differential biochemical and phenological responses and underlying enzyme activities as well as melatonin roles during drought stress and re-watering for two contrasting landraces. Moreover, the relative expression of three key genes involved in the biosynthesis pathway of diosgenin, including SQS, CAS, and BG, was investigated. RESULTS Depending on the conditions, drought stress enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the osmoregulating compounds, non-enzymatic antioxidants, hydrogen peroxide content, and lipid peroxidation levels in most cases. Severe drought stress accelerated flowering time in Shushtar landrace (SHR) but had no significant effects on Varamin (VR). Pretreatment with melatonin delayed flowering time in SHR and caused high drought resistance in this landrace. Furthermore, melatonin significantly enhanced drought adaptability in VR by improving plant recovery ability. DISCUSSION Based on our results plants' responses to drought stress and melatonin pretreatment were completely landrace-specific. Drought stress caused an increase in the relative expression of CAS gene and ultimately the accumulation of steroidal saponins in SHR. Melatonin compensated for the decrease in biomass production due to drought stress and finally increased steroidal saponins performance in SHR. Our study showed that melatonin can improve drought stress and recovery in fenugreek, but different factors such as genotype, melatonin concentration, and plant age should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Maleki
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolali Shojaeiyan
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Moroldo M, Blanchet N, Duruflé H, Bernillon S, Berton T, Fernandez O, Gibon Y, Moing A, Langlade NB. Genetic control of abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites in sunflower. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:199. [PMID: 38378469 PMCID: PMC10877922 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiotic stresses in plants include all the environmental conditions that significantly reduce yields, like drought and heat. One of the most significant effects they exert at the cellular level is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which cause extensive damage. Plants possess two mechanisms to counter these molecules, i.e. detoxifying enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants, which include many classes of specialized metabolites. Sunflower, the fourth global oilseed, is considered moderately drought resistant. Abiotic stress tolerance in this crop has been studied using many approaches, but the control of specialized metabolites in this context remains poorly understood. Here, we performed the first genome-wide association study using abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites as molecular phenotypes in sunflower. After analyzing leaf specialized metabolites of 450 hybrids using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we selected a subset of these compounds based on their association with previously known abiotic stress-related quantitative trait loci. Eventually, we characterized these molecules and their associated genes. RESULTS We putatively annotated 30 compounds which co-localized with abiotic stress-related quantitative trait loci and which were associated to seven most likely candidate genes. A large proportion of these compounds were potential antioxidants, which was in agreement with the role of specialized metabolites in abiotic stresses. The seven associated most likely candidate genes, instead, mainly belonged to cytochromes P450 and glycosyltransferases, two large superfamilies which catalyze greatly diverse reactions and create a wide variety of chemical modifications. This was consistent with the high plasticity of specialized metabolism in plants. CONCLUSIONS This is the first characterization of the genetic control of abiotic stress-related specialized metabolites in sunflower. By providing hints concerning the importance of antioxidant molecules in this biological context, and by highlighting some of the potential molecular mechanisms underlying their biosynthesis, it could pave the way for novel applications in breeding. Although further analyses will be required to better understand this topic, studying how antioxidants contribute to the tolerance to abiotic stresses in sunflower appears as a promising area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moroldo
- UMR LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - Nicolas Blanchet
- UMR LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Harold Duruflé
- UMR LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
- UMR BioForA, INRAE, ONF, Orléans, 45075, France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- UMR BFP, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- UMR MYCSA, INRAE, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Thierry Berton
- UMR BFP, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Olivier Fernandez
- UMR BFP, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- USC RIBP, INRAE, Université de Reims, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR BFP, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Annick Moing
- UMR BFP, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nicolas B Langlade
- UMR LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
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Sharma N, Koul M, Joshi NC, Dufossé L, Mishra A. Fungal-Bacterial Combinations in Plant Health under Stress: Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of the Filamentous Fungus Serendipita indica and the Actinobacterium Zhihengliuella sp. ISTPL4 under In Vitro Arsenic Stress. Microorganisms 2024; 12:405. [PMID: 38399809 PMCID: PMC10892705 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal-bacterial combinations have a significant role in increasing and improving plant health under various stress conditions. Metabolites secreted by fungi and bacteria play an important role in this process. Our study emphasizes the significance of secondary metabolites secreted by the fungus Serendipita indica alone and by an actinobacterium Zhihengliuella sp. ISTPL4 under normal growth conditions and arsenic (As) stress condition. Here, we evaluated the arsenic tolerance ability of S. indica alone and in combination with Z. sp. ISTPL4 under in vitro conditions. The growth of S. indica and Z. sp. ISTPL4 was measured in varying concentrations of arsenic and the effect of arsenic on spore size and morphology of S. indica was determined using confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The metabolomics study indicated that S. indica alone in normal growth conditions and under As stress released pentadecanoic acid, glycerol tricaprylate, L-proline and cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valine). Similarly, d-Ribose, 2-deoxy-bis(thioheptyl)-dithioacetal were secreted by a combination of S. indica and Z. sp. ISTPL4. Confocal studies revealed that spore size of S. indica decreased by 18% at 1.9 mM and by 15% when in combination with Z. sp. ISTPL4 at a 2.4 mM concentration of As. Arsenic above this concentration resulted in spore degeneration and hyphae fragmentation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated an increased spore size of S. indica in the presence of Z. sp. ISTPL4 (18 ± 0.75 µm) compared to S. indica alone (14 ± 0.24 µm) under normal growth conditions. Our study concluded that the suggested combination of microbial consortium can be used to increase sustainable agriculture by combating biotic as well as abiotic stress. This is because the metabolites released by the microbial combination display antifungal and antibacterial properties. The metabolites, besides evading stress, also confer other survival strategies. Therefore, the choice of consortia and combination partners is important and can help in developing strategies for coping with As stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India; (N.S.); (N.C.J.)
| | - Monika Koul
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India;
| | - Naveen Chandra Joshi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India; (N.S.); (N.C.J.)
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chemistry and Biotechnology of Natural Products, CHEMBIOPRO, Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Arti Mishra
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India;
- Umeå Plant Science Center, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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12
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Rehman A, Khan S, Sun F, Peng Z, Feng K, Wang N, Jia Y, Pan Z, He S, Wang L, Qayyum A, Du X, Li H. Exploring the nano-wonders: unveiling the role of Nanoparticles in enhancing salinity and drought tolerance in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1324176. [PMID: 38304455 PMCID: PMC10831664 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1324176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants experience diverse abiotic stresses, encompassing low or high temperature, drought, water logging and salinity. The challenge of maintaining worldwide crop cultivation and food sustenance becomes particularly serious due to drought and salinity stress. Sustainable agriculture has significant promise with the use of nano-biotechnology. Nanoparticles (NPs) have evolved into remarkable assets to improve agricultural productivity under the robust climate alteration and increasing drought and salinity stress severity. Drought and salinity stress adversely impact plant development, and physiological and metabolic pathways, leading to disturbances in cell membranes, antioxidant activities, photosynthetic system, and nutrient uptake. NPs protect the membrane and photosynthetic apparatus, enhance photosynthetic efficiency, optimize hormone and phenolic levels, boost nutrient intake and antioxidant activities, and regulate gene expression, thereby strengthening plant's resilience to drought and salinity stress. In this paper, we explored the classification of NPs and their biological effects, nanoparticle absorption, plant toxicity, the relationship between NPs and genetic engineering, their molecular pathways, impact of NPs in salinity and drought stress tolerance because the effects of NPs vary with size, shape, structure, and concentration. We emphasized several areas of research that need to be addressed in future investigations. This comprehensive review will be a valuable resource for upcoming researchers who wish to embrace nanotechnology as an environmentally friendly approach for enhancing drought and salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rehman
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Sana Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fenlei Sun
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Keyun Feng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhaoe Pan
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shoupu He
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Supercomputer Center in Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Xiongming Du
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hongge Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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13
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Narayan OP, Kumar P, Yadav B, Dua M, Johri AK. Sulfur nutrition and its role in plant growth and development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2030082. [PMID: 35129079 PMCID: PMC10730164 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur is one of the essential nutrients that is required for the adequate growth and development of plants. Sulfur is a structural component of protein disulfide bonds, amino acids, vitamins, and cofactors. Most of the sulfur in soil is present in organic matter and hence not accessible to the plants. Anionic form of sulfur (SO42-) is the primary source of sulfur for plants that are generally present in minimal amounts in the soil. It is water-soluble, so readily leaches out of the soil. Sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds act as signaling molecules in stress management as well as normal metabolic processes. They also take part in crosstalk of complex signaling network as a mediator molecule. Plants uptake sulfate directly from the soil by using their dedicated sulfate transporters. In addition, plants also use the sulfur transporter of a symbiotically associated organism like bacteria and fungi to uptake sulfur from the soil especially under sulfur depleted conditions. So, sulfur is a very important component of plant metabolism and its analysis with different dimensions is highly required to improve the overall well-being of plants, and dependent animals as well as human beings. The deficiency of sulfur leads to stunted growth of plants and ultimately loss of yield. In this review, we have focused on sulfur nutrition, uptake, transport, and inter-organismic transfer to host plants. Given the strong potential for agricultural use of sulfur sources and their applications, we cover what is known about sulfur impact on the plant health. We identify opportunities to expand our understanding of how the application of soil microbes like AMF or other root endophytic fungi affects plant sulfur uptake and in turn plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paras Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenakshi Dua
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar Johri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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14
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Brunet-Loredo A, López-Belchí MD, Cordero-Lara K, Noriega F, Cabeza RA, Fischer S, Careaga P, Garriga M. Assessing Grain Quality Changes in White and Black Rice under Water Deficit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4091. [PMID: 38140418 PMCID: PMC10748231 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an essential diet component for a significant portion of the population worldwide. Due to the high water demand associated with rice production, improving water use efficiency and grain quality is critical to increasing the sustainability of the crop. This species includes rice varieties with diverse pigmentation patterns. Grain quality, including industrial, nutritional, and functional quality traits, of two black rice genotypes and a commercial white rice cultivar were evaluated in different locations and under different water regimes. Flooding produced higher grain weight compared to alternate wetting and drying irrigation. A high correlation was found between grain color, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity. The black rice genotypes showed higher TPC levels and antioxidant capacity, mainly due to higher levels of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. The phenolic profile varied between whole and polished grains, while mineral composition was influenced by location and irrigation regime. In turn, the environment influenced grain quality in terms of industrial and nutritional characteristics, with significant differences in quality between whole and polished grains. This study provides valuable information on the genotype-environment relationship in rice and its effect on grain quality, which could contribute to selecting genotypes for an appropriate environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloysha Brunet-Loredo
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - María Dolores López-Belchí
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Karla Cordero-Lara
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Regional Research Center Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - Felipe Noriega
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Ricardo A. Cabeza
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Talca, Avenida Lircay s/n, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Susana Fischer
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Paula Careaga
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Miguel Garriga
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepcion, Avenida Vicente Mendez, 595, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (A.B.-L.); (M.D.L.-B.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
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15
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Matías J, Rodríguez MJ, Cruz V, Calvo P, Granado-Rodríguez S, Poza-Viejo L, Fernández-García N, Olmos E, Reguera M. Assessment of the changes in seed yield and nutritional quality of quinoa grown under rainfed Mediterranean environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1268014. [PMID: 38023922 PMCID: PMC10662129 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is considered a serious threat to agriculture and food security. It is linked to rising temperatures and water shortages, conditions that are expected to worsen in the coming decades. Consequently, the introduction of more drought-tolerant crops is required. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has received great attention worldwide due to the nutritional properties of its seeds and its tolerance to abiotic stress. In this work, the agronomic performance and seed nutritional quality of three quinoa varieties were studied during two consecutive years (2019-2020) under three water environmental conditions of Southwestern Europe (irrigated conditions, fresh rainfed, and hard rainfed) with the goal of determining the impact of rainfed conditions on this crop performance. High precipitations were recorded during the 2020 growing season resulting in similar grain yield under irrigation and fresh rainfed conditions. However, in 2019, significant yield differences with penalties under water-limiting conditions were found among the evaluated environmental conditions. Furthermore, nutritional and metabolomic differences were observed among seeds harvested from different water environments including the progressive accumulation of glycine betaine accompanied by an increase in saponin and a decrease in iron with water limitation. Generally, water-limiting environments were associated with increased protein contents and decreased yields preserving a high nutritional quality despite particular changes. Overall, this work contributes to gaining further knowledge about how water availability affects quinoa field performance, as it might impact both seed yield and quality. It also can help reevaluate rainfed agriculture, as water deficit can positively impact the nutritional quality of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Matías
- Agrarian Research Institute “La Orden-Valdesequera” of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain
| | - María José Rodríguez
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Verónica Cruz
- Agrarian Research Institute “La Orden-Valdesequera” of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Patricia Calvo
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Laura Poza-Viejo
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nieves Fernández-García
- Department of Abiotic Stress and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - Enrique Olmos
- Department of Abiotic Stress and Plant Pathology, CEBAS-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Reguera
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Shirokova AV, Dmitriev LB, Belopukhov SL, Dmitrieva VL, Danilova IL, Kharchenko VA, Pekhova OA, Myagkih EF, Tsitsilin AN, Gulevich AA, Zhuravleva EV, Kostanchuk YN, Baranova EN. The Accumulation of Volatile Compounds and the Change in the Morphology of the Leaf Wax Cover Accompanied the "Anti-Aging" Effect in Anethum graveolens L. Plants Sprayed with 6-Benzylaminopurine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15137. [PMID: 37894818 PMCID: PMC10606700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are of commercial importance for medicine, food, cosmetics, the perfume industry, and agriculture. In plants, EOs, like the wax cover, serve as protection against abiotic stresses, such as high temperatures and water deficiency. The use of spraying with exogenous hormones of aromatic plants affects the accumulation and composition of volatile compounds, as well as tolerance to abiotic stress. As a result of cytokinin treatment with 6-BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) (200 mg L-l) of Anetum graveolens L. "Uzory" and "Rusich" varieties, several responses to its action were revealed: a change in the division of leaf blades, inhibition of flowering, an increase in the content of EO and its main components α-phellandrene and p-cymene in leaves, and limonene in umbels and fruits. It was revealed that the increased accumulation of EO in dill leaves was longer with sufficient moisture. In contrast, under conditions of heat and water deficiency, the effect of 6-BAP treatment on accumulations of the EO in leaves was short-lived and did not appear on umbels and fruits. The study of the cytokinin effect on a fine structure of a wax cover on the adaxial side of leaves by scanning electron microscopy revealed a change in its elements (from amorphous layers with scales to thin tubules), which probably increased the sensitivity of leaves to water deficiency and, consequently, led to a decrease in the biosynthetic activity of leaf tissue. Thus, 6-BAP had an impact on the adaptive properties of dill plants, prolonging the "youth" of vegetative organs and the ability to EO biosynthesis under conditions of sufficient moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Shirokova
- Genetic and Cytology Laboratory, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSVC), Selektsionnaya 14, VNIISSOK Village, 143072 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev B. Dmitriev
- Department of Chemistry, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A.Timiryazev (RSAU-MTAA), Timiryazevskaya 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia; (L.B.D.); (S.L.B.); (V.L.D.)
| | - Sergey L. Belopukhov
- Department of Chemistry, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A.Timiryazev (RSAU-MTAA), Timiryazevskaya 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia; (L.B.D.); (S.L.B.); (V.L.D.)
| | - Valeria L. Dmitrieva
- Department of Chemistry, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Agricultural Academy Named after K.A.Timiryazev (RSAU-MTAA), Timiryazevskaya 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia; (L.B.D.); (S.L.B.); (V.L.D.)
| | - Irina L. Danilova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Agricultural of Crimea’, Kievskaya 150, 295493 Simferopol, Russia; (I.L.D.); (O.A.P.); (E.F.M.)
| | - Viktor A. Kharchenko
- Selection and Seed Poduction of Green Spice-Flavoring and Flower Crops Laboratory Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSVC), Selektsionnaya 14, 143072 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga A. Pekhova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Agricultural of Crimea’, Kievskaya 150, 295493 Simferopol, Russia; (I.L.D.); (O.A.P.); (E.F.M.)
| | - Elena F. Myagkih
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Agricultural of Crimea’, Kievskaya 150, 295493 Simferopol, Russia; (I.L.D.); (O.A.P.); (E.F.M.)
| | - Andrey N. Tsitsilin
- Botanical Garden of All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Grina 7/1, 117216 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander A. Gulevich
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.G.); (E.N.B.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Zhuravleva
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Belgorod Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 308001 Belgorod, Russia;
| | - Yulia N. Kostanchuk
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Institute of Agricultural of Crimea’, Kievskaya 150, 295493 Simferopol, Russia; (I.L.D.); (O.A.P.); (E.F.M.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.G.); (E.N.B.)
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Inal B, Mirzapour M, Tufekci ED, Rustemoglu M, Kaba A, Albalawi MA, Alalawy AI, Sakran M, Alqurashi M, Ditta A. Drought-Induced miRNA Expression Correlated with Heavy Metal, Phenolic Acid, and Protein and Nitrogen Levels in Five Chickpea Genotypes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35746-35754. [PMID: 37810661 PMCID: PMC10552140 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a prime stress, drastically affecting plant growth, development, and yield. Plants have evolved various physiological, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms to cope with drought. Investigating specific biochemical pathways related to drought tolerance mechanisms of plants through biotechnology approaches is one of the quickest and most effective strategies for enhancing crop production. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) are the principal post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in plants during plant growth under biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, five different chickpea genotypes (İnci, Hasan bey, Arda, Seçkin, and Diyar 95) were grown under normal and drought stress. We recorded the expression levels of microRNAs in these genotypes and found differential expression (miRNA396, miR408, miRNA414, miRNA528, and miRNA1533) under contrasting conditions. Results revealed that miRNA414 and miRNA528 considerably increased in all genotypes under drought stress, and expression levels of miRNA418, miRNA1533, and miRNA396 (except for the Seçkin genotype) were found to be higher under the watered conditions. These genotypes were also investigated for heavy metal, phenolic acid, protein, and nitrogen concentrations under normal and drought stress conditions. The Arda genotype showed a significant increase in nitrogen (5.46%) and protein contents (28.3%), while protein contents were decreased in the Hasan bey and Seçkin genotypes subjected to drought stress. In the case of metals, iron was the most abundant element in all genotypes (İnci = 15.4 ppm, Hasan bey = 29.6 ppm, Seçkin = 37.8 ppm, Arda = 26.3 ppm, and Diyar 95 = 40.8 ppm) under normal conditions. Interestingly, these results were related to miRNA expression in the chickpea genotypes and hint at the regulation of multiple pathways under drought conditions. Overall, the present study will help us to understand the miRNA-mediated regulation of various pathways in chickpea genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behcet Inal
- Faculty
of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey
| | - Mohsen Mirzapour
- Faculty
of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey
| | - Ebru Derelli Tufekci
- Food
and Agriculture Vocational High School, Department of Field Crops, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri 18100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Rustemoglu
- Faculty
of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Sirnak University, Sirnak 73000, Turkey
| | - Adem Kaba
- Faculty
of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey
| | - Marzough Aziz Albalawi
- Department
of Chemistry, University College at Alwajh, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel I. Alalawy
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 73000, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Sakran
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 73000, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry
Section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta31527,Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alqurashi
- Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif
University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Allah Ditta
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir
Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir (U), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18000, Pakistan
- School
of Biological Sciences, The University of
Western Australia, 35
Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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18
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Chandrashekar HK, Singh G, Kaniyassery A, Thorat SA, Nayak R, Murali TS, Muthusamy A. Nanoparticle-mediated amelioration of drought stress in plants: a systematic review. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:336. [PMID: 37693636 PMCID: PMC10491566 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress remains one of the most detrimental environmental constraints that hampers plant growth and development resulting in reduced yield and leading to economic losses. Studies have highlighted the beneficial role of carbon-based nanomaterials (NMs) such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), graphene, fullerene, and metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag, Au, Cu, Fe2O3, TiO2, and ZnO) in plants under unfavorable conditions such as drought. NPs help plants cope with drought by improving plant growth indices and enhancing biomass. It improves water and nutrient uptake and utilization. It helps retain water by altering the cell walls and regulating stomatal closure. The photosynthetic parameters in NP-treated plants reportedly improved with the increase in pigment content and rate of photosynthesis. Due to NP exposure, the activation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants has reportedly improved. These antioxidants play a significant role in the defense system against stress. Studies have reported the accumulation of osmolytes and secondary metabolites. Osmolytes scavenge reactive oxygen species, which can cause oxidative stress in plants. Secondary metabolites are involved in the water retention process, thus improving plant coping strategies with stress. The deleterious effects of drought stress are alleviated by reducing malondialdehyde resulting from lipid peroxidation. Reactive oxygen species accumulation is also controlled with NP treatment. Furthermore, NPs have been reported to regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes and the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin, which help plants defend against drought stress. This study reviewed 72 journal articles from 192 Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed papers. In this review, we have discussed the impact of NP treatment on morphological, physio-biochemical, and molecular responses in monocot and dicot plants under drought conditions with an emphasis on NP uptake, transportation, and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsha K. Chandrashekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Gunjan Singh
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Arya Kaniyassery
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Sachin Ashok Thorat
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Roopa Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Thokur Sreepathy Murali
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
| | - Annamalai Muthusamy
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
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19
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Amoah JN, Adu-Gyamfi MO, Kwarteng AO. Effect of drought acclimation on antioxidant system and polyphenolic content of Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1577-1589. [PMID: 38076760 PMCID: PMC10709255 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of climate change-induced drought stress on global food security and environmental sustainability is a serious concern. While previous research has highlighted the potential benefits of drought hardening in improving plants' ability to withstand drought, the exact underlying physiological mechanisms in millet plants (Setaria italica L.) have not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought hardening on antioxidant defense and polyphenol accumulation in different millet genotypes ('PI 689680' and 'PI 662292') subjected to different treatments: control (unstressed), drought acclimation (two stress episodes with recovery), and non-acclimation (single stress episode with no recovery). The results showed that drought stress led to higher levels of polyphenols and oxidative damage, as indicated by increased phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin levels. Non-acclimated (NA) plants experienced more severe oxidative damage and inhibition of enzymes associated with the ascorbate glutathione cycle compared to drought-acclimated plants. NA plants also exhibited a significant reduction in photosynthesis and tissue water content. The expression of genes related to antioxidants and polyphenol synthesis was more pronounced in non-acclimated plants. The study demonstrated that drought hardening not only prepared plants for subsequent drought stress but also mitigated damage caused by oxidative stress in plant physiology. Drought-acclimated (DA) plants displayed improved drought tolerance, as evidenced by better growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant defense, polyphenol accumulation, and gene expression related to antioxidants and polyphenol synthesis. In conclusion, the research advocates for the use of drought hardening as an effective strategy to alleviate the negative impacts of drought-induced metabolic disturbances in millet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01366-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph N. Amoah
- Centre for Carbon, Water, and Food, University of Sydney, 380 Werombi Road, Brownlow Hill, Camden, NSW 2570 Australia
| | | | - Albert Owusu Kwarteng
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kimberly Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
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20
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Zhang X, Wang H, Chen Y, Huang M, Zhu S. The Over-Expression of Two R2R3-MYB Genes, PdMYB2R089 and PdMYB2R151, Increases the Drought-Resistant Capacity of Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13466. [PMID: 37686270 PMCID: PMC10487491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The R2R3-MYB genes in plants play an essential role in the drought-responsive signaling pathway. Plenty of R2R3-MYB S21 and S22 subgroup genes in Arabidopsis have been implicated in dehydration conditions, yet few have been covered in terms of the role of the S21 and S22 subgroup genes in poplar under drought. PdMYB2R089 and PdMYB2R151 genes, respectively belonging to the S21 and S22 subgroups of NL895 (Populus deltoides × P. euramericana cv. 'Nanlin895'), were selected based on the previous expression analysis of poplar R2R3-MYB genes that are responsive to dehydration. The regulatory functions of two target genes in plant responses to drought stress were studied and speculated through the genetic transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. PdMYB2R089 and PdMYB2R151 could promote the closure of stomata in leaves, lessen the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), enhance the activity of the peroxidase (POD) enzyme, and shorten the life cycle of transgenic plants, in part owing to their similar conserved domains. Moreover, PdMYB2R089 could strengthen root length and lateral root growth. These results suggest that PdMYB2R089 and PdMYB2R151 genes might have the potential to improve drought adaptability in plants. In addition, PdMYB2R151 could significantly improve the seed germination rate of transgenic Arabidopsis, but PdMYB2R089 could not. This finding provides a clue for the subsequent functional dissection of S21 and S22 subgroup genes in poplar that is responsive to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Haoran Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Minren Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education of China, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Sheng Zhu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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21
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Melash AA, Bogale AA, Bytyqi B, Nyandi MS, Ábrahám ÉB. Nutrient management: as a panacea to improve the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L.) under the changing climatic conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1232675. [PMID: 37701803 PMCID: PMC10493400 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing human population and the changing climate, which have given rise to frequent drought spells, pose a serious threat to global food security, while identification of high-yielding drought-tolerant genotypes coupled with nutrient management remains a proficient approach to cope with these challenges. An increase in seasonal temperature, recurring drought stress, and elevated atmospheric CO2 are alarmingly affecting durum wheat production, productivity, grain quality, and the human systems it supports. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide can improve wheat grain yield in a certain amount, but the right amount of nutrients, water, and other required conditions should be met to realize this benefit. Nutrients including nitrogen, silicon, and sulfur supply could alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stress by enhancing antioxidant defense and improving nitrogen assimilation, although the effects on plant tolerance to drought stress varied with nitrogen ionic forms. The application of sewage sludge to durum wheat also positively impacts its drought stress tolerance by triggering high accumulation of osmoregulators, improving water retention capacity in the soil, and promoting root growth. These beneficial effect of nutrients contribute to durum wheat ability to withstand and recover from abiotic stress conditions, ultimately enhance its productivity and resilience. While these nutrients can provide benefits when applied in appropriate amounts, their excessive use can lead to adverse environmental consequences. Advanced technologies such as precision nutrient management, unmanned aerial vehicle-based spraying, and anaerobic digestion play significant roles in reducing the negative effects associated with nutrients like sewage sludge, zinc, nanoparticles and silicon fertilizers. Hence, nutrient management practices offer significant potential to enhance the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat. Through implementing tailored nutrient management strategies, farmers, breeders, and agronomists can contribute to sustainable durum wheat production, ensuring food security and maintaining the economic viability of the crop under the changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Agezew Melash
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Assefa Bogale
- Institute of Crop Production, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bekir Bytyqi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhoja Sylivester Nyandi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Babett Ábrahám
- Faculty of Agricultural, Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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22
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Valarmathi R, Mahadeva Swamy HK, Appunu C, Suresha GS, Mohanraj K, Hemaprabha G, Mahadevaiah C, Ulaganathan V. Comparative transcriptome profiling to unravel the key molecular signalling pathways and drought adaptive plasticity in shoot borne root system of sugarcane. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12853. [PMID: 37553413 PMCID: PMC10409851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane root system comprises of superficial sett roots as well as deeply-penetrating shoot borne roots (SBR) with latter being the permanent root system. In sugarcane, the healthy SBR contributes to a better crop yield and it also helps to produce multiple ratoon crops after the harvest. There is a dearth of in-depth knowledge on SBR system architecture and its functional role in modern day commercial hybrids. A comprehensive phenotypic, anatomical and whole transcriptome profiling, conducted between the commercial sugarcane hybrids and a wild germplasm Erianthus, found a developmental delay in both initiation and establishment of the SBR in commercial hybrid compared to Erianthus. The SBR system in Erianthus proved to be an extensive drought-adaptive root system architecture that significantly contributes to drought tolerance. On the other hand, SBRs in the commercial hybrids showed an irreversible collapse and damage of the root cells under drought stress. The outcomes from the comparative analysis of the transcriptome data showed a significant upregulation of the genes that regulate important stress signalling pathways viz., sugar, calcium, hormone signalling and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in the SBRs of Erianthus. It was found that through these key signalling pathways, Erianthus SBRs triggered the downstream signalling cascade to impart physiological responses like osmoprotection, modification of the cell walls, detoxification of reactive oxygen species, expression of drought responsive transcription factors, maintenance of cell stability and lateral root development. The current study forms a basis for further exploration of the Shoot Borne Root system as a valuable breeding target to develop drought tolerant sugarcane genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Valarmathi
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India.
| | - H K Mahadeva Swamy
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - C Appunu
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - G S Suresha
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - K Mohanraj
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - G Hemaprabha
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - C Mahadevaiah
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
| | - V Ulaganathan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India
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23
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Saadaoui W, Tarchoun N, Msetra I, Pavli O, Falleh H, Ayed C, Amami R, Ksouri R, Petropoulos SA. Effects of drought stress induced by D-Mannitol on the germination and early seedling growth traits, physiological parameters and phytochemicals content of Tunisian squash ( Cucurbita maximaDuch.) landraces. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1215394. [PMID: 37600166 PMCID: PMC10432687 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1215394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Drought stress is one of the most devastating environmental stressors, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Considering the major constraints that drought stress poses to crop production and the consequent yield losses in food crops, breeding for climate-resilient crops is an efficient means to mitigate stress conditions. Materials and methods This study aimed at evaluating the response of four squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne) landraces to drought stress at germination and at plant stage. Drought stress was induced by different concentrations of D-mannitol (-0.24, -0.47 and -0.73 MPa). The tested parameters at germination stage included germination percentage, seedling vigor index, seed water absorbance and seedling growth potential. At the plant stage, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids content, chlorophyll fluorescence, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis activity and several biomarkers, namely malondialdehyde, proline, total phenols content, total flavonoids content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were evaluated in both roots and leaves. Results and discussion Our results indicate a magnitude of drought stress effects reflected via repression of germination and seedling growth as well as adjustments in physiological functions at later growth stages, in a genotype depended manner. Among landraces, "751" and "746" showed better performance, as evidenced by higher seed germination and seedling growth potential even at high stress levels (-0.47 and - 0.73 MPa), whereas "747" was the most sensitive landrace to drought stress at both tested stages. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of squash landraces selection for the identification of elite genotypes with increased tolerance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Saadaoui
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Neji Tarchoun
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Insaf Msetra
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ourania Pavli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Hanen Falleh
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chadha Ayed
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Roua Amami
- Research Laboratory LR21AGR05, High Agronomic Institute of ChottMariem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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24
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Sapakhova Z, Raissova N, Daurov D, Zhapar K, Daurova A, Zhigailov A, Zhambakin K, Shamekova M. Sweet Potato as a Key Crop for Food Security under the Conditions of Global Climate Change: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2516. [PMID: 37447081 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Sweet potato is one of the most economically important crops for addressing global food security and climate change issues, especially under conditions of extensive agriculture, such as those found in developing countries. However, osmotic stress negatively impacts the agronomic and economic productivity of sweet potato cultivation by inducing several morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Plants employ many signaling pathways to respond to water stress by modifying their growth patterns, activating antioxidants, accumulating suitable solutes and chaperones, and making stress proteins. These physiological, metabolic, and genetic modifications can be employed as the best indicators for choosing drought-tolerant genotypes. The main objective of sweet potato breeding in many regions of the world, especially those affected by drought, is to obtain varieties that combine drought tolerance with high yields. In this regard, the study of the physiological and biochemical features of certain varieties is important for the implementation of drought resistance measures. Adapted genotypes can be selected and improved for particular growing conditions by using suitable tools and drought tolerance-related selection criteria. By regulating genetics in this way, the creation of drought-resistant varieties may become cost-effective for smallholder farmers. This review focuses on the drought tolerance mechanisms of sweet potato, the effects of drought stress on its productivity, its crop management strategies for drought mitigation, traditional and molecular sweet potato breeding methods for drought tolerance, and the use of biotechnological methods to increase the tolerance of sweet potato to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zagipa Sapakhova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurgul Raissova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Dias Daurov
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Kuanysh Zhapar
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainash Daurova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Andrey Zhigailov
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Kabyl Zhambakin
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Malika Shamekova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
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25
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Pirona R, Frugis G, Locatelli F, Mattana M, Genga A, Baldoni E. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the gene regulatory networks involved in leaf and root response to osmotic stress in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1155797. [PMID: 37332696 PMCID: PMC10272567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1155797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major horticultural crop that is cultivated worldwide and is characteristic of the Mediterranean agricultural system. It represents a key component of the diet of billion people and an important source of vitamins and carotenoids. Tomato cultivation in open field often experiences drought episodes, leading to severe yield losses, since most modern cultivars are sensitive to water deficit. Water stress leads to changes in the expression of stress-responsive genes in different plant tissues, and transcriptomics can support the identification of genes and pathways regulating this response. Methods Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of two tomato genotypes, M82 and Tondo, in response to a PEG-mediated osmotic treatment. The analysis was conducted separately on leaves and roots to characterize the specific response of these two organs. Results A total of 6,267 differentially expressed transcripts related to stress response was detected. The construction of gene co-expression networks defined the molecular pathways of the common and specific responses of leaf and root. The common response was characterized by ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways, and by the interconnection between ABA and JA signaling. The root-specific response concerned genes involved in cell wall metabolism and remodeling, whereas the leaf-specific response was principally related to leaf senescence and ethylene signaling. The transcription factors representing the hubs of these regulatory networks were identified. Some of them have not yet been characterized and can represent novel candidates for tolerance. Discussion This work shed new light on the regulatory networks occurring in tomato leaf and root under osmotic stress and set the base for an in-depth characterization of novel stress-related genes that may represent potential candidates for improving tolerance to abiotic stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Pirona
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Roma, Italy
| | - Franca Locatelli
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Mattana
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Genga
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Milano, Italy
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26
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Lu Y, Bu Q, Chuan M, Cui X, Zhao Y, Zhou DX. Metabolic regulation of the plant epigenome. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1001-1013. [PMID: 36705504 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin modifications shape the epigenome and are essential for gene expression reprogramming during plant development and adaptation to the changing environment. Chromatin modification enzymes require primary metabolic intermediates such as S-adenosyl-methionine, acetyl-CoA, alpha-ketoglutarate, and NAD+ as substrates or cofactors. The availability of the metabolites depends on cellular nutrients, energy and reduction/oxidation (redox) states, and affects the activity of chromatin regulators and the epigenomic landscape. The changes in the plant epigenome and the activity of epigenetic regulators in turn control cellular metabolism through transcriptional and post-translational regulation of metabolic enzymes. The interplay between metabolism and the epigenome constitutes a basis for metabolic control of plant growth and response to environmental changes. This review summarizes recent advances regarding the metabolic control of plant chromatin regulators and epigenomes, which are involved in plant adaption to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qing Bu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Mingli Chuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cui
- Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAE, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dao-Xiu Zhou
- Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAE, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Mishra D, Chitara MK, Upadhayay VK, Singh JP, Chaturvedi P. Plant growth promoting potential of urea doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles in finger millet ( Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) under drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1137002. [PMID: 37255562 PMCID: PMC10225717 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1137002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a leading threat that impinges on plant growth and productivity. Nanotechnology is considered an adequate tool for resolving various environmental issues by offering avant-garde and pragmatic solutions. Using nutrients in the nano-scale including CaP-U NPs is a novel fertilization strategy for crops. The present study was conducted to develop and utilize environment-friendly urea nanoparticles (NPs) based nano-fertilizers as a crop nutrient. The high solubility of urea molecules was controlled by integrating them with a matrix of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP NPs). CaP NPs contain high phosphorous and outstanding biocompatibility. Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were used to characterize the fabricated NPs. FE-SEM determined no areas of phase separation in urea and calcium phosphate, indicating the successful formation of an encapsulated nanocomposite between the two nano matrices. TEM examination confirmed a fiber-like structure of CaP-U NPs with 15 to 50 nm diameter and 100 to 200 nm length. The synthesized CaP-U NPs and bulk urea (0.0, 0.1% and 0.5%) were applied by foliar sprays at an interval of 15 days on pre-sowed VL-379 variety of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.), under irrigated and drought conditions. The application of the CaP-U NPs significantly enhanced different plant growth attributes such as shoot length (29.4 & 41%), root length (46.4 & 51%), shoot fresh (33.6 & 55.8%) and dry weight (63 & 59.1%), and root fresh (57 & 61%) and dry weight (78 & 80.7%), improved pigment system (chlorophyll) and activated plant defense enzymes such as proline (35.4%), superoxide dismutase (47.7%), guaiacol peroxidase (30.2%), ascorbate peroxidase (70%) under both irrigated and drought conditions. Superimposition of five treatment combinations on drought suggested that CaP-U NPs at 0.5 followed by 0.1% provided the highest growth indices and defense-related enzymes, which were significantly different. Overall, our findings suggested that synthesized CaP-U NPs treatment of finger millet seeds improved plant growth and enzymatic regulation, particularly more in drought conditions providing insight into the strategy for not only finger millet but probably for other commercial cereals crops which suffer from fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (U.K.), India
| | - Manoj Kumar Chitara
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Viabhav Kumar Upadhayay
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Jagat Pal Singh
- Department of Physics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (U.K.), India
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Abbey L, Ofoe R, Wang Z, Chada S. How Central Carbon Metabolites of Mexican Mint ( Plectranthus amboinicus) Plants Are Impacted under Different Watering Regimes. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040539. [PMID: 37110197 PMCID: PMC10141017 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are sessile, and their ability to reprogram their metabolism to adapt to fluctuations in soil water level is crucial but not clearly understood. A study was performed to determine alterations in intermediate metabolites involved in central carbon metabolism (CCM) following exposure of Mexican mint (Plectranthus amboinicus) to varying watering regimes. The water treatments were regular watering (RW), drought (DR), flooding (FL), and resumption of regular watering after flooding (DHFL) or after drought (RH). Leaf cluster formation and leaf greening were swift following the resumption of regular watering. A total of 68 key metabolites from the CCM routes were found to be significantly (p < 0.01) impacted by water stress. Calvin cycle metabolites in FL plants, glycolytic metabolites in DR plants, total tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites in DR and DHFL plants, and nucleotide biosynthetic molecules in FL and RH plants were significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) metabolites were equally high in all the plants except DR plants. Total Calvin cycle metabolites had a significantly (p < 0.001) strong positive association with TCA cycle (r = 0.81) and PPP (r = 0.75) metabolites. Total PPP metabolites had a moderately positive association with total TCA cycle metabolites (r = 0.68; p < 0.01) and a negative correlation with total glycolytic metabolites (r = -0.70; p < 0.005). In conclusion, the metabolic alterations of Mexican mint plants under different watering regimes were revealed. Future studies will use transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to identify genes and proteins that regulate the CCM route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lord Abbey
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Raphael Ofoe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Zijing Wang
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Sparsha Chada
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
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Aleosfoor M, Zahediannezhad M, Minaei K, Fekrat L, Razi H. Effects of drought stress and plant cultivar type on demographic characteristics of the rose-grain aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Hemiptera: Aphididae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 113:196-211. [PMID: 36258274 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485322000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a substantial threat to cereal production under global climatic change scenarios, albeit its aftermath on arthropod pests is yet contentious. To address this issue, demographic characteristics of Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were studied on one drought-susceptible wheat cultivar and one drought-tolerant wheat cultivar under different water treatments. Some physiological and biochemical features of wheat cultivars including leaf soluble sugar and proline contents and antioxidant enzymes activities were also investigated. Significant differences occurred in the developmental period, survival, and fecundity of M. dirhodum between wheat cultivars under various water treatments. The impact of intermediate and severe water stress on M. dirhodum was neutral and negative for the tolerant cultivar and negative for the water-susceptible cultivar, respectively. Under severe water stress, on both wheat cultivars, the aphids had low net reproductive rates and finite and intrinsic rates of increase in comparison with those reared on unstressed plants. In total, drought resulted in lower growth of population and reduced survival of aphids. Hence, in the context of projected climatic changes, acute water deficiency could probably result in reducing the abundance and menace of outburst of M. dirhodum. However, it should be noted that the potential likelihood of M. dirhodum eruptions can be drastically affected by the degree of drought intensity and host plant cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Aleosfoor
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahediannezhad
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kambiz Minaei
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lida Fekrat
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hooman Razi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Martins-Gomes C, Steck J, Keller J, Bunzel M, Santos JA, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Acetylcholinesterase, and Anti-α-Glucosidase Activity of Thymus carnosus Extracts: A Three-Year Study on the Impact of Annual Variation and Geographic Location. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030668. [PMID: 36978915 PMCID: PMC10045533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymus carnosus Boiss. is a near-threatened species, and, as for many species, its potential for medicinal purposes may be lost if measures towards plant protection are not taken. A way of preserving these species is to increase knowledge about their medicinal properties and economic potential. Thus, with the objective of studying the potentiality of introducing T. carnosus as a crop, the stability of the phytochemical profile of T. carnosus was studied during a period of three years by comparing the phytochemical profile of extracts obtained from plants harvested in two different edaphoclimatic locations, as well as by comparing the respective bioactivities, namely, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiaging, and neuroprotective activities. It was reported, for the first time, the effect of annual variation and geographic location in the phytochemical composition of aqueous decoction and hydroethanolic extracts of T. carnosus. In addition, the presence of two salvianolic acid B/E isomers in T. carnosus extracts is here described for the first time. Despite the variations in phytochemical composition, according to harvesting location or year, T. carnosus extracts maintain high antioxidant activity, assessed by their capacity to scavenge ABTS•+, •OH , NO•, O2•- radicals, as well as to prevent β-carotene bleaching. All extracts presented significant potential to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase, denoting neuroprotective, anti-aging, and anti-diabetic potential. In conclusion, the vegetative stage and location of harvest are key factors to obtain the maximum potential of this species, namely, a phytochemical profile with health benefit bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jan Steck
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Judith Keller
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - João A Santos
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Technology, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (ECVA), UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, ECVA, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Dobesova M, Kolackova M, Pencik O, Capal P, Chaloupsky P, Svec P, Ridoskova A, Motola M, Cicmancova V, Sopha H, Macak JM, Richtera L, Adam V, Huska D. Transcriptomic hallmarks of in vitro TiO 2 nanotubes toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106419. [PMID: 36807021 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more accessible transcriptomic approaches have provided a new and deeper understanding of environmental toxicity. The present study focuses on the transcriptomic profiles of green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to new industrially promising material, TiO2 nanotubes (NTs), as an example of a widely used one-dimensional nanomaterial. The first algal in vitro assay included 2.5 and 7.5 mg/L TiO2 NTs, resulting in a dose-dependent negative effect on biological endpoints. At a working concentration of 7.5 mg/L, RNA-sequencing showed a mainly negative effect on the cells. In summary, the results indicated metabolic disruption, such as ATP loss, damage to mitochondria and chloroplasts, loss of solutes due to permeated membranes, and cell wall damage. Moreover, apoptosis-induced transcripts were detected. Interestingly, reactivation of transposons was observed. In signalling and transcription pathways, including chromatin remodelling and locking, the annotated genes were downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Dobesova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Pencik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Capal
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Slechtitelu 241/27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Chaloupsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Svec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Ridoskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Cicmancova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Sopha
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan M Macak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Park YJ, Kwon DY, Koo SY, Truong TQ, Hong SC, Choi J, Moon J, Kim SM. Identification of drought-responsive phenolic compounds and their biosynthetic regulation under drought stress in Ligularia fischeri. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1140509. [PMID: 36860897 PMCID: PMC9968736 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1140509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ligularia fischeri, a leafy edible plant found in damp shady regions, has been used as an herbal medicine and is also consumed as a horticultural crop. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes, especially those involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, induced by severe drought stress in L. fischeri plants. A distinguishing characteristic of L. fischeri is a color change from green to purple due to anthocyanin biosynthesis. We chromatographically isolated and identified two anthocyanins and two flavones upregulated by drought stress using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses in this plant for the first time. In contrast, all types of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) and flavonol contents were decreased under drought stress. Further, we performed RNA sequencing to examine the molecular changes in these phenolic compounds at the transcriptome level. In an overview of drought-inducible responses, we identified 2,105 hits for 516 distinct transcripts as drought-responsive genes. Moreover, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis accounted for the greatest number of both up- and downregulated DEGs by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. We identified 24 meaningful DEGs based on the regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes. Potential drought-responsive genes included upregulated flavone synthase (LfFNS, TRINITY DN31661 c0 g1 i1) and anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase (LfA5GT1, TRINITY DN782 c0 g1 i1), which could contribute to the high levels of flavones and anthocyanins under drought stress in L. fischeri. In addition, the downregulated shikimate O-hydroxycinnamolytransferase (LfHCT, TRINITY DN31661 c0 g1 i1) and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate/shikimate transferase (LfHQT4, TRINITY DN15180 c0 g1 i1) genes led to a reduction in CQAs. Only one or two BLASTP hits for LfHCT were obtained for six different Asteraceae species. It is possible that the HCT gene plays a crucial role in CQAs biosynthesis in these species. These findings expand our knowledge of the response mechanisms to drought stress, particularly regarding the regulation of key phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes in L. fischeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji Park
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Song Yi Koo
- Natural Product Informatics Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - To Quyen Truong
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Hong
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Moon
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cheng P, Yue Q, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Khan A, Yang X, He J, Wang S, Shen W, Qian Q, Du W, Ma F, Zhang D, Guan Q. Application of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves fruit quality and rootstock drought tolerance in apple. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153890. [PMID: 36571915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) plays a multifaceted role in plant growth, fruit quality, and tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, its physiological roles and mechanisms in the fruit quality and response to long-term drought stress in apple remain unelucidated. To investigate the effect of GABA on apple fruit quality and drought tolerance, we sprayed exogenous GABA on apple cultivar "Cripps Pink" and irrigated rootstock M.9-T337 with GABA, respectively. Results showed that exogenous GABA could effectively improve the fruit quality of "Cripps Pink", including increased sugar-to-acid ratio, flesh firmness, pericarp malleability, and GABA content, as well as reduced fruit acidity. In addition, pretreatment of M.9-T337 plants with GABA improved their tolerance to both long- and short-term drought stress. Specifically, 1 mM exogenous GABA increased the net photosynthetic rate, relative leaf water content, root-to-shoot ratio, and water use efficiency under long-term drought stress, and delayed the increased of the relative electrolyte leakage under short-term drought stress. RNA-seq analysis identified 1271 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between nontreated and GABA-pretreated plants under short-term drought stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of these DEGs revealed that GABA may enhance plant drought resistance by upregulating the expression of genes related to "Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites", "MAPK signaling pathway", "Glutathione metabolism", and "Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms". In conclusion, these results revealed that exogenous GABA can improve fruit quality and enhance drought tolerance in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengda Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qianyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yutian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Xinyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jieqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shicong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wanshan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Dehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Cui X, Zhang P, Chen C, Zhang J. VyUSPA3, a universal stress protein from the Chinese wild grape Vitis yeshanensis, confers drought tolerance to transgenic V. vinifera. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:181-196. [PMID: 36318328 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
VyUSPA3 from the Chinese wild grape Vitis yeshanensis interacts with ERF105, PUB24 and NF-YB3, and overexpression of the VyUSPA3 gene in V. vinifera cv. 'Thompson Seedless' confers drought tolerance. Drought is a major abiotic stress factor that seriously affects the growth and yield of grapevine. Although many drought-related genes have been identified in Arabidopsis and other plants, the functions of only a few of their counterparts have been revealed in grape. Here, a universal stress protein (USP) A from the Chinese wild grape Vitis yeshanensis, VyUSPA3, was identified and its function was subsequently characterized by overexpressing or silencing the VyUSPA3 gene in V. vinifera cv. 'Thompson Seedless' via Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. After 21 d of the drought treatment, most leaves of the untransformed (UT) 'Thompson Seedless' lines wilted, yet UT lines were less damaged compared to the RNAi-VyUSPA3 lines, nonetheless, the OE-VyUSPA3 lines were mostly unaffected. Meanwhile, OE-VyUSPA3 lines showed smaller stomatal aperture, more developed roots, higher leaf relative water content, proline content, and antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as lower malondialdehyde, H2O2 and O2•- accumulation than UT lines, but this response pattern was reversed in the RNAi-VyUSPA3 lines. Besides, the transcript levels of four drought-related genes (RD22, RD29B, DREB2A, and NCED1) in OE-VyUSPA3 lines were greater than those in the RNAi-VyUSPA3 and UT lines. In addition, a yeast two-hybrid assay and a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay confirmed that VyUSPA3 interacted with ERF105, PUB24, and NF-YB3, respectively. This study revealed that VyUSPA3 improved drought tolerance in transgenic grapevines possibly through interaction with the hormone signaling, ubiquitination system, ethylene-responsive element binding factor and nuclear factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Cui
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Pingying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Chengcheng Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China
| | - Jianxia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, 712100, Yangling, China.
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Abiala M, Sadhukhan A, Muthuvel J, Shekhawat RS, Yadav P, Sahoo L. Rhizosphere Priestia species altered cowpea root transcriptome and enhanced growth under drought and nutrient deficiency. PLANTA 2022; 257:11. [PMID: 36515736 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Priestia species isolated from the cowpea rhizosphere altered the transcriptome of cowpea roots by colonization and enhanced nutrient uptake, antioxidant mechanisms, and photosynthesis, protecting cowpea from drought and nutrient deficiency. Cowpea is a significant grain legume crop primarily grown in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and South America. Drought and nutrient deficiency affect the growth and yield of cowpea. To address this challenge, we studied the phyto-beneficial effects of stress-tolerant rhizobacteria on the biomass yield of cowpea under water- and nutrient-deficit conditions. Among the bacteria isolated, two rhizobacillus genotypes, C8 (Priestia filamentosa; basonym: Bacillus filamentosus) and C29 (Priestia aryabhattai; basonym: Bacillus aryabhattai) were evaluated for the improvement of seed germination and growth of cowpea under stress. Our study revealed that C8 protected cowpea from stress by facilitating phosphorus and potassium uptake, protecting it from oxidative damage, reducing transpiration, and enhancing CO2 assimilation. A 17% increase in root biomass upon C8 inoculation was concomitant with the induction of stress tolerance genes in cowpea roots predominantly involved in growth and metabolic processes, cell wall organization, ion homeostasis, and cellular responses to phosphate starvation. Our results indicate a metabolic alteration in cowpea root triggered by P. filamentosa, leading to efficient nutrient reallocation in the host plant. We propose inoculation with P. filamentosa as an effective strategy for improving the yield of cowpea in low-input agriculture, where chemical fertilization and irrigation are less accessible to resource-poor farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Abiala
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayer City, Ogun State, Nigeria.
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Ayan Sadhukhan
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jothi Muthuvel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rajveer Singh Shekhawat
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Wu R, Xu B, Shi F. Leaf transcriptome analysis of Medicago ruthenica revealed its response and adaptive strategy to drought and drought recovery. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:562. [PMID: 36460952 PMCID: PMC9716755 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is one of the main causes of losses in forage crop yield and animal production. Medicago ruthenica (L.) cv. Zhilixing is a high-yielding alfalfa cultivar also known for its high tolerance to drought. We analyzed the transcriptome profile of this cultivar throughout drought stress and recovery and we were able to describe its phased response through the expression profiles of overlapping gene networks and drought-specific genes. RESULTS The ABA and auxin signal transduction pathways are overlapping pathways in response to drought and drought recovery in forage crops. Medicago ruthenica (L.) cv. Zhilixing adopts different strategies at different degrees of drought stress. On the 9th day of drought, transcriptional regulations related to osmoregulation are enhanced mainly through increased activities of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, while photosynthetic activities were reduced to slow down growth. With drought prolonging, on the 12th day of drought, the synthesis of proline and other stored organic substances was suppressed in general. After recovery, Medicago ruthenica synthesizes flavonoids through the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway to remove accumulated ROS and repair the oxidative damage from water stress. In addition, the regulation of circadian rhythm seems to accelerate the drought recovery process. CONCLUSIONS Medicago ruthenica adapts to drought by regulating the osmoregulatory system and photosynthesis, which appears to involve the ABA and auxin signaling pathways as key regulators. Furthermore, the synthesis of flavonoids and the regulation of the circadian rhythm can accelerate the recovery process. These results enriched our knowledge of molecular responses to drought and drought recovery in Medicago ruthenica and provide useful information for the development of new legume forage grass varieties with improved adaptability to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fengling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
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Mu DW, Feng NJ, Zheng DF, Zhou H, Liu L, Chen GJ, Mu B. Physiological mechanism of exogenous brassinolide alleviating salt stress injury in rice seedlings. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20439. [PMID: 36443368 PMCID: PMC9705366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinolide (BR) is a sterol compound, which can regulate plant seed germination, flowering, senescence, tropism, photosynthesis, stress resistance, and is closely related to other signaling molecules. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of soaking with BR to regulate growth quality at rice seedling stage under salt stress. Results demonstrated that salt stress increases the contents of ROS, MDA, Na+ and ABA, reduces the the SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv), the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fo) and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), reduces the biomass production and inhabits plant growth. All of these responses were effectively alleviated by BR soaking treatment. Soaking with BR could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and the contents of ascorbic acid, glutathione as well as soluble protein and proline, while BR soaking treatment inhibited the accumulation of ROS and reduced the content of MDA. BR soaking significantly reduced the contents of Na+ and increased the contents of K+ and Ca2+, indicating that soaking with BR is beneficial to the excretion of Na+, the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ and the maintenance of ion balance in rice seedlings under salt stress. BR also maintained endogenous hormone balance by increasing the contents of indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin (ZT), salicylic acid (SA), and decreasing the ABA content. Soaking with BR significantly increased the SPAD value, Pn and Tr and enhanced the Fm, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of rice seedlings under NaCl stress, protected the photosythetic system of plants, and improved their biomass. It is suggested that BR was beneficial to protect membrane lipid peroxidation, the modulation of antioxidant defense systems, ion balance and endogenous hormonal balance with imposition to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-wei Mu
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China
| | - Nai-jie Feng
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China ,grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XShenzhen Reseach Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108 Guangdong China
| | - Dian-feng Zheng
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China ,grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XShenzhen Reseach Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108 Guangdong China
| | - Hang Zhou
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China
| | - Ling Liu
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China
| | - Guan-jie Chen
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China
| | - BaoMing Mu
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjaing, 524088 Guangdong China
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Mishra AK, Sudalaimuthuasari N, Hazzouri KM, Saeed EE, Shah I, Amiri KMA. Tapping into Plant-Microbiome Interactions through the Lens of Multi-Omics Techniques. Cells 2022; 11:3254. [PMID: 36291121 PMCID: PMC9600287 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the pivotal role of root exudates in the rhizosphere, especially the interactions between plants and microbes and between plants and plants. Root exudates determine soil nutrient mobilization, plant nutritional status, and the communication of plant roots with microbes. Root exudates contain diverse specialized signaling metabolites (primary and secondary). The spatial behavior of these metabolites around the root zone strongly influences rhizosphere microorganisms through an intimate compatible interaction, thereby regulating complex biological and ecological mechanisms. In this context, we reviewed the current understanding of the biological phenomenon of allelopathy, which is mediated by phytotoxic compounds (called allelochemicals) released by plants into the soil that affect the growth, survival, development, ecological infestation, and intensification of other plant species and microbes in natural communities or agricultural systems. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS), such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, have opened the possibility of better understanding the effects of secreted metabolites on the composition and activity of root-associated microbial communities. Nevertheless, understanding the role of secretory metabolites in microbiome manipulation can assist in designing next-generation microbial inoculants for targeted disease mitigation and improved plant growth using the synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) tool. Besides a discussion on different approaches, we highlighted the advantages of conjugation of metabolomic approaches with genetic design (metabolite-based genome-wide association studies) in dissecting metabolome diversity and understanding the genetic components of metabolite accumulation. Recent advances in the field of metabolomics have expedited comprehensive and rapid profiling and discovery of novel bioactive compounds in root exudates. In this context, we discussed the expanding array of metabolomics platforms for metabolome profiling and their integration with multivariate data analysis, which is crucial to explore the biosynthesis pathway, as well as the regulation of associated pathways at the gene, transcript, and protein levels, and finally their role in determining and shaping the rhizomicrobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naganeeswaran Sudalaimuthuasari
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled M. Hazzouri
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Esam Eldin Saeed
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iltaf Shah
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry), College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled M. A. Amiri
- Khalifa Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Singh DP, Bisen MS, Shukla R, Prabha R, Maurya S, Reddy YS, Singh PM, Rai N, Chaubey T, Chaturvedi KK, Srivastava S, Farooqi MS, Gupta VK, Sarma BK, Rai A, Behera TK. Metabolomics-Driven Mining of Metabolite Resources: Applications and Prospects for Improving Vegetable Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012062. [PMID: 36292920 PMCID: PMC9603451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable crops possess a prominent nutri-metabolite pool that not only contributes to the crop performance in the fields, but also offers nutritional security for humans. In the pursuit of identifying, quantifying and functionally characterizing the cellular metabolome pool, biomolecule separation technologies, data acquisition platforms, chemical libraries, bioinformatics tools, databases and visualization techniques have come to play significant role. High-throughput metabolomics unravels structurally diverse nutrition-rich metabolites and their entangled interactions in vegetable plants. It has helped to link identified phytometabolites with unique phenotypic traits, nutri-functional characters, defense mechanisms and crop productivity. In this study, we explore mining diverse metabolites, localizing cellular metabolic pathways, classifying functional biomolecules and establishing linkages between metabolic fluxes and genomic regulations, using comprehensive metabolomics deciphers of the plant’s performance in the environment. We discuss exemplary reports covering the implications of metabolomics, addressing metabolic changes in vegetable plants during crop domestication, stage-dependent growth, fruit development, nutri-metabolic capabilities, climatic impacts, plant-microbe-pest interactions and anthropogenic activities. Efforts leading to identify biomarker metabolites, candidate proteins and the genes responsible for plant health, defense mechanisms and nutri-rich crop produce are documented. With the insights on metabolite-QTL (mQTL) driven genetic architecture, molecular breeding in vegetable crops can be revolutionized for developing better nutritional capabilities, improved tolerance against diseases/pests and enhanced climate resilience in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjaya Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Mansi Singh Bisen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Renu Shukla
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhawan, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Ratna Prabha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sudarshan Maurya
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Yesaru S. Reddy
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Prabhakar Mohan Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Nagendra Rai
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Tribhuwan Chaubey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mohammad Samir Farooqi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland’s Rural College, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Birinchi K. Sarma
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
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Shree B, Jayakrishnan U, Bhushan S. Impact of key parameters involved with plant-microbe interaction in context to global climate change. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1008451. [PMID: 36246210 PMCID: PMC9561941 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have a critical influence on climate change that directly or indirectly impacts plant and microbial diversity on our planet. Due to climate change, there is an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme environmental events such as temperature rise, drought, and precipitation. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2, CH4, NOx, water vapor, increase in global temperature, and change in rainfall patterns have impacted soil–plant-microbe interactions, which poses a serious threat to food security. Microbes in the soil play an essential role in plants’ resilience to abiotic and biotic stressors. The soil microbial communities are sensitive and responsive to these stressors. Therefore, a systemic approach to climate adaptation will be needed which acknowledges the multidimensional nature of plant-microbe-environment interactions. In the last two scores of years, there has been an enhancement in the understanding of plant’s response to microbes at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels due to the availability of techniques and tools. This review highlights some of the critical factors influencing plant-microbe interactions under stress. The association and response of microbe and plants as a result of several stresses such as temperature, salinity, metal toxicity, and greenhouse gases are also depicted. New tools to study the molecular complexity of these interactions, such as genomic and sequencing approaches, which provide researchers greater accuracy, reproducibility, and flexibility for exploring plant-microbe–environment interactions under a changing climate, are also discussed in the review, which will be helpful in the development of resistant crops/plants in present and future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Shree
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | | | - Shashi Bhushan
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
- *Correspondence: Shashi Bhushan,
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Hlihor RM, Roșca M, Hagiu-Zaleschi L, Simion IM, Daraban GM, Stoleru V. Medicinal Plant Growth in Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils: Responses to Metal Stress and Induced Risks to Human Health. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10090499. [PMID: 36136464 PMCID: PMC9504071 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Accelerating heavy metal pollution is a hot issue due to a continuous growth in consumerism and increased activities in various global industries. Soil contamination with heavy metals has resulted in their incorporation into the human food web via plant components. Accumulation and amplification of heavy metals in human tissues through the consumption of medicinal plants can have hazardous health outcomes. Therefore, in this critical review we aim to bring together published information on this subject, with a special highlight on the knowledge gaps related to heavy metal stress in medicinal plants, their responses, and human health related risks. In this respect, this review outlines the key contamination sources of heavy metals in plants, as well as the absorption, mobilization and translocation of metal ions in plant compartments, while considering their respective mechanisms of detoxification. In addition, this literature review attempts to highlight how stress and defensive strategies operate in plants, pointing out the main stressors, either biotic or abiotic (e.g., heavy metals), and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stress answers. Finally, in our research, we further aim to capture the risks caused by heavy metals in medicinal plants to human health through the assessment of both a hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Maria Hlihor
- Department of Horticultural Technologies, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Roșca
- Department of Horticultural Technologies, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Hagiu-Zaleschi
- Department of Horticultural Technologies, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Isabela Maria Simion
- Department of Horticultural Technologies, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriel Mihăiță Daraban
- Department of Organic, Biochemical and Food Engineering, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Stoleru
- Department of Horticultural Technologies, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
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Ethylene Signaling under Stressful Environments: Analyzing Collaborative Knowledge. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172211. [PMID: 36079592 PMCID: PMC9460115 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene is a gaseous plant growth hormone that regulates various plant developmental processes, ranging from seed germination to senescence. The mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signaling involve multistep mechanisms representing different control levels to regulate its production and response. Ethylene is an established phytohormone that displays various signaling processes under environmental stress in plants. Such environmental stresses trigger ethylene biosynthesis/action, which influences the growth and development of plants and opens new windows for future crop improvement. This review summarizes the current understanding of how environmental stress influences plants’ ethylene biosynthesis, signaling, and response. The review focuses on (a) ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in plants, (b) the influence of environmental stress on ethylene biosynthesis, (c) regulation of ethylene signaling for stress acclimation, (d) potential mechanisms underlying the ethylene-mediated stress tolerance in plants, and (e) summarizing ethylene formation under stress and its mechanism of action.
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Nanobiotechnological Approaches to Enhance Drought Tolerance in Catharanthus roseus Plants Using Salicylic Acid in Bulk and Nanoform. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165112. [PMID: 36014352 PMCID: PMC9412284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought has a detrimental effect on crop production, affecting economically important plants’ growth rates and development. Catharanthus roseus is an important medicinal plant that produces many pharmacologically active compounds, some of which have significant antitumor activity. The effect of bulk salicylic acid (SA) and salicylic acid nanoparticles (SA-NPs) were evaluated on water-stressed Catharanthus roseus plants. The results showed that SA and SA-NPs alleviated the negative effects of drought in the treated plants by increasing their shoot and root weights, relative water content, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, and total alkaloids percentage. From the results, a low concentration (0.05 mM) of SA-NPs exerted positive effects on the treated plants, while the best results of the bulk SA were recorded after using the highest concentration (0.1 mM). Both treatments increased the expression level of WRKY1, WRKY2, WRKY40, LEA, and MYC2 genes, while the mRNA level of MPKK1 and MPK6 did not show a significant change. This study discussed the importance of SA-NPs in the induction of drought stress tolerance even when used in low concentrations, in contrast to bulk SA, which exerts significant results only at higher concentrations.
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Mandal S, Ghorai M, Anand U, Samanta D, Kant N, Mishra T, Rahman MH, Jha NK, Jha SK, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Kumar M, Radha, Prasanth DA, Mane AB, Gopalakrishnan AV, Biswas P, Proćków J, Dey A. Cytokinin and abiotic stress tolerance -What has been accomplished and the way forward? Front Genet 2022; 13:943025. [PMID: 36017502 PMCID: PMC9395584 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.943025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
More than a half-century has passed since it was discovered that phytohormone cytokinin (CK) is essential to drive cytokinesis and proliferation in plant tissue culture. Thereafter, cytokinin has emerged as the primary regulator of the plant cell cycle and numerous developmental processes. Lately, a growing body of evidence suggests that cytokinin has a role in mitigating both abiotic and biotic stress. Cytokinin is essential to defend plants against excessive light exposure and a unique kind of abiotic stress generated by an altered photoperiod. Secondly, cytokinin also exhibits multi-stress resilience under changing environments. Furthermore, cytokinin homeostasis is also affected by several forms of stress. Therefore, the diverse roles of cytokinin in reaction to stress, as well as its interactions with other hormones, are discussed in detail. When it comes to agriculture, understanding the functioning processes of cytokinins under changing environmental conditions can assist in utilizing the phytohormone, to increase productivity. Through this review, we briefly describe the biological role of cytokinin in enhancing the performance of plants growth under abiotic challenges as well as the probable mechanisms underpinning cytokinin-induced stress tolerance. In addition, the article lays forth a strategy for using biotechnological tools to modify genes in the cytokinin pathway to engineer abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The information presented here will assist in better understanding the function of cytokinin in plants and their effective investigation in the cropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- CytoGene Research & Development LLP, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipu Samanta
- Department of Botany, Dr. Kanailal Bhattacharyya College, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Nishi Kant
- School of Health and Allied Science, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Tulika Mishra
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Abhijit Bhagwan Mane
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidhyalaya (affiliated to Shivaji University Kolhapur), Ramanandnagar (Burli), Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Protha Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Koza NA, Adedayo AA, Babalola OO, Kappo AP. Microorganisms in Plant Growth and Development: Roles in Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolites Secretion. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081528. [PMID: 36013946 PMCID: PMC9415082 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Crops aimed at feeding an exponentially growing population are often exposed to a variety of harsh environmental factors. Although plants have evolved ways of adjusting their metabolism and some have also been engineered to tolerate stressful environments, there is still a shortage of food supply. An alternative approach is to explore the possibility of using rhizosphere microorganisms in the mitigation of abiotic stress and hopefully improve food production. Several studies have shown that rhizobacteria and mycorrhizae organisms can help improve stress tolerance by enhancing plant growth; stimulating the production of phytohormones, siderophores, and solubilizing phosphates; lowering ethylene levels; and upregulating the expression of dehydration response and antioxidant genes. This article shows the secretion of secondary metabolites as an additional mechanism employed by microorganisms against abiotic stress. The understanding of these mechanisms will help improve the efficacy of plant-growth-promoting microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntombikhona Appear Koza
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Afeez Adesina Adedayo
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Correspondence: (O.O.B.); (A.P.K.); Tel.: +27-18-389-2568 (O.O.B.); +27-11-559-3182 (A.P.K.); Fax: +27-11-559-2605 (O.O.B.)
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Molecular Biophysics and Structural Biology Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- Correspondence: (O.O.B.); (A.P.K.); Tel.: +27-18-389-2568 (O.O.B.); +27-11-559-3182 (A.P.K.); Fax: +27-11-559-2605 (O.O.B.)
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Plant Nutrition for Human Health: A Pictorial Review on Plant Bioactive Compounds for Sustainable Agriculture. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Is there any relationship between plant nutrition and human health? The overall response to this question is very positive, and a strong relationship between the nutrition of plants and humans has been reported in the literature. The nutritional status of edible plants consumed by humans can have a negative or positive impact on human health. This review was designed to assess the importance of plant bioactive compounds for human health under the umbrella of sustainable agriculture. With respect to the first research question, it was found that plant bioactives (e.g., alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids) have a crucial role in human health due to their therapeutic benefits, and their potentiality depends on several factors, including botanical, environmental, and clinical attributes. Plant bioactives could be produced using plant tissue culture tools (as a kind of agro-biotechnological method), especially in cases of underexploited or endangered plants. Bioactive production of plants depends on many factors, especially climate change (heat stress, drought, UV radiation, ozone, and elevated CO2), environmental pollution, and problematic soils (degraded, saline/alkaline, waterlogged, etc.). Under the previously mentioned stresses, in reviewing the literature, a positive or negative association was found depending on the kinds of stress or bioactives and their attributes. The observed correlation between plant bioactives and stress (or growth factors) might explain the importance of these bioactives for human health. Their accumulation in stressed plants can increase their tolerance to stress and their therapeutic roles. The results of this study are in keeping with previous observational studies, which confirmed that the human nutrition might start from edible plants and their bioactive contents, which are consumed by humans. This review is the first report that analyzes this previously observed relationship using pictorial presentation.
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Martins S, Silva E, Brito C, Martins-Gomes C, Gonçalves A, Arrobas M, Rodrigues MÂ, Correia CM, Nunes FM. Zeolites and Biochar Modulate Olive Fruit and Oil Polyphenolic Profile. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071332. [PMID: 35883822 PMCID: PMC9311664 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil degradation processes and climate change threaten the sustainability of Mediterranean rainfed olive orchards, with repercussions on crop yield and quality of olives, olive oil and olive by-products. Using soil amendments can enhance soil fertility for sustained environmental quality and plant performance. For two years, we evaluated, under rainfed conditions, the effects of a fertilizer compound (FC) and its combination with zeolites (ZL) and biochar (BC) amendments on soil moisture, yield, fruit and oil polyphenols and quality indices. The polyphenolic composition was strongly influenced by treatments, although no effects were observed on crop yield. ZL improved soil moisture (average increase of 26.3% compared to FC), fruit fatty acid composition (increase of 12.4% in oleic/linoleic ratio in 2018) and oil quality, BC enhanced the concentrations of polyphenols with high nutritional value (average annual increase of 25.6, 84.8 and 11.6% for 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, oleuropein and rutin, respectively). In contrast, olive oil from FC fruits showed the poorest quality, with oxidation and hydrolytic breakdown signals. The applied soil amendments appear to be a promising sustainable strategy to implement in olive rainfed orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Martins
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.); (C.M.-G.)
| | - Ermelinda Silva
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.); (C.M.-G.)
- Association BLC3—Technology and Innovation Campus, Centre Bio R&D Unit, Rua Comendador Emílio Augusto Pires, 14, Edifício SIDE UP, 5340-257 Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal
| | - Cátia Brito
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.); (C.M.-G.)
| | - Carlos Martins-Gomes
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.); (C.M.-G.)
- CQ-VR—Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Gonçalves
- MORE—Collaborative Laboratory Mountains of Research, Brigantia Ecopark, 5300-358 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Margarida Arrobas
- CIMO—Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.Â.R.)
| | - Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues
- CIMO—Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.Â.R.)
| | - Carlos M. Correia
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (S.M.); (E.S.); (C.B.); (C.M.-G.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.C.); (F.M.N.)
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- CQ-VR—Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.C.); (F.M.N.)
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Computational Metabolomics Tools Reveal Metabolic Reconfigurations Underlying the Effects of Biostimulant Seaweed Extracts on Maize Plants under Drought Stress Conditions. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060487. [PMID: 35736420 PMCID: PMC9231236 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses causing severe damage and losses in economically important crops worldwide. Drought decreases the plant water status, leading to a disruptive metabolic reprogramming that negatively affects plant growth and yield. Seaweed extract-based biostimulants show potential as a sustainable strategy for improved crop health and stress resilience. However, cellular, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms governing the agronomically observed benefits of the seaweed extracts on plants are still poorly understood. In this study, a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics approach combined with computational metabolomics strategies was applied to unravel the molecular ‘stamps’ that define the effects of seaweed extracts on greenhouse-grown maize (Zea mays) under drought conditions. We applied mass spectral networking, substructure discovery, chemometrics, and metabolic pathway analyses to mine and interpret the generated mass spectral data. The results showed that the application of seaweed extracts induced alterations in the different pathways of primary and secondary metabolism, such as phenylpropanoid, flavonoid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acids pathways. These metabolic changes involved increasing levels of phenylalanine, tryptophan, coumaroylquinic acid, and linolenic acid metabolites. These metabolic alterations are known to define some of the various biochemical and physiological events that lead to enhanced drought resistance traits. The latter include root growth, alleviation of oxidative stress, improved water, and nutrient uptake. Moreover, this study demonstrates the use of molecular networking in annotating maize metabolome. Furthermore, the results reveal that seaweed extract-based biostimulants induced a remodeling of maize metabolism, subsequently readjusting the plant towards stress alleviation, for example, by increasing the plant height and diameter through foliar application. Such insights add to ongoing efforts in elucidating the modes of action of biostimulants, such as seaweed extracts. Altogether, our study contributes to the fundamental scientific knowledge that is necessary for the development of a biostimulants industry aiming for a sustainable food security.
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Opačić N, Radman S, Fabek Uher S, Benko B, Voća S, Šic Žlabur J. Nettle Cultivation Practices-From Open Field to Modern Hydroponics: A Case Study of Specialized Metabolites. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040483. [PMID: 35214816 PMCID: PMC8878654 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Conventional agricultural production faces numerous challenges due to the pronounced effects of climate change, particularly global warming, and drought more than ever before in history, with the primary concern being to produce adequate yields and high-quality, nutritious plant material. Likewise, people are increasingly looking for new sources of food and are becoming aware of the importance of a varied diet and its connection to health. In this sense, stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) stands out as a valuable species that is neglected as a food source, as it has a significant content of specialized metabolites, and thus has an extremely high potential for use both nutritionally and pharmacologically, but is still traditionally collected from natural habitats, so it can be of questionable quality and undefined chemical composition. Therefore, sustainable agricultural practices are increasingly shifting to modern hydroponic cultivation methods in greenhouses. The advantage lies in the easier management and control of a number of factors during cultivation (air temperature and relative humidity, balanced and rational fertilization, minimization of nitrate uptake, etc.), ensuring better conditions for the growth and development of nettle according to its needs. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the technology of stinging nettle cultivation in the field and to show the possibilities of cultivation with modern hydroponic techniques to obtain a final product of consistent and uniform quality, high content of specialized metabolites and significant nutritional value. Research on this topic is still sparse but will certainly increase in the future. Therefore, this review provides all the necessary data for such future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Opačić
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.O.); (S.F.U.); (B.B.)
| | - Sanja Radman
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.O.); (S.F.U.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sanja Fabek Uher
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.O.); (S.F.U.); (B.B.)
| | - Božidar Benko
- Department of Vegetable Crops, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.O.); (S.F.U.); (B.B.)
| | - Sandra Voća
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.); (J.Š.Ž.)
| | - Jana Šic Žlabur
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.V.); (J.Š.Ž.)
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Massarioli AP, Sartori AGDO, Juliano FF, dos Santos RC, Ramos JPC, de Lima LM, de Alencar SM. Optimizing Procedures for Antioxidant Phenolics Extraction from Skin and Kernel of Peanuts with Contrasting Levels of Drought Tolerance. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030449. [PMID: 35159599 PMCID: PMC8834250 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peanut is an affordable legume known for its nutritional value and phenolic content. The kernel and skin of 14 peanut genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance had their phenolic profiles determined and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity evaluated. Firstly, temperature and % EtOH to extract antioxidant phenolic compounds were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized extraction conditions, 60 °C and 35% EtOH for kernels and 40 °C and 60% EtOH for skins, were further adopted, and phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). As a result, phenolic acids and glycosidic/non-glycosidic flavonoids were found. Principal component analysis was conducted, and the pairwise score plot of the skin extracts based on individual phenolic compounds showed a trend of genotype clustering based not only on drought tolerance but also on botanical type of germplasm. Therefore, our results demonstrate the status quo for antioxidant phenolic compounds of peanut genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance grown under natural field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adna P. Massarioli
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, Brazil; (A.P.M.); (A.G.d.O.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Alan G. de O. Sartori
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, Brazil; (A.P.M.); (A.G.d.O.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Fernanda F. Juliano
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, Brazil; (A.P.M.); (A.G.d.O.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Roseane C. dos Santos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Algodão), Campina Grande CEP 58428-095, Brazil; (R.C.d.S.); (J.P.C.R.); (L.M.d.L.)
| | - Jean Pierre C. Ramos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Algodão), Campina Grande CEP 58428-095, Brazil; (R.C.d.S.); (J.P.C.R.); (L.M.d.L.)
| | - Liziane Maria de Lima
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Algodão), Campina Grande CEP 58428-095, Brazil; (R.C.d.S.); (J.P.C.R.); (L.M.d.L.)
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba CEP 13418-900, Brazil; (A.P.M.); (A.G.d.O.S.); (F.F.J.)
- Correspondence:
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