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Zhang L, Wei J, Liu X, Li D, Pang X, Chen F, Cao H, Lei P. Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:990-1008. [PMID: 38989933 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapidly aging human population, age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and the functions of astrocytes. The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function. This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function, mainly through the vagus nerve, immune responses, circadian rhythms, and microbial metabolites. Finally, this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota-astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota-astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline, aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingge Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dai Li
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Tianjin Neurological Institution, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lei
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Kearns R, Dooley J, Matthews M, McNeilly A. "Do probiotics mitigate GI-induced inflammation and perceived fatigue in athletes? A systematic review". J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2388085. [PMID: 39193818 PMCID: PMC11360638 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2388085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue and gastrointestinal (GI) distress are common among athletes with an estimated 30-90% of athletes participating in marathons, triathlons, or similar events experiencing GI complaints. Intense exercise can lead to increased intestinal permeability, potentially allowing members of the gut microbiota to permeate into the bloodstream, resulting in an inflammatory response and cascade of performance-limiting outcomes. Probiotics, through their capacity to regulate the composition of the gut microbiota, may act as an adjunctive therapy by enhancing GI and immune function while mitigating inflammatory responses. This review investigates the effectiveness of probiotic supplementation on fatigue, inflammatory markers, and exercise performance based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study design) framework. A comprehensive search was conducted in Sportdiscus, PubMed, and Scopus databases, and the screening of titles, abstracts, and full articles was performed based on pre-defined eligibility criteria. Of the 3505 records identified, 1884 were screened using titles and abstracts, of which 450 studies were selected for full-text screening. After final screening, 13 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included for review. The studies contained 513 participants, consisting of 351 males and 115 females, however, two studies failed to mention the sex of the participants. Among the participants, 246 were defined as athletes, while the remaining participants were classified as recreationally active (n = 267). All trials were fully described and employed a double- or triple-blind placebo-controlled intervention using either a single probiotic strain or a multi-strain synbiotic (containing both pro- and pre-biotics). RESULTS This review assesses the effects of daily probiotic supplementation, ranging from 13 to 90 days, on physical performance and physiological markers in various exercise protocols. Ten studies reported improvements in various parameters, such as, enhanced endurance performance, improved anxiety and stress levels, decreased GI symptoms, and reduced upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). Moreover, despite no improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2), several studies demonstrated that probiotic supplementation led to amelioration in lactate, creatine kinase (CK), and ammonia concentrations, suggesting beneficial effects on mitigating exercise-induced muscular stress and damage. CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation, specifically at a minimum dosage of 15 billion CFUs daily for a duration of at least 28 days, may contribute to the reduction of perceived or actual fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.P. Kearns
- Ulster University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - J.S.G. Dooley
- Ulster University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - M. Matthews
- Ulster University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - A.M. McNeilly
- Ulster University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
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Ma Y, Guo T, Ding J, Dong Z, Ren Y, Lu C, Zhao Y, Guo X, Cao G, Li B, Gao P. RNA-seq analysis of small intestine transcriptional changes induced by starvation stress in piglets. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2295931. [PMID: 38147885 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2295931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Piglets may experience a variety of stress injuries, but the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying these injuries are not well understood. In this study, we analysed the ileum of Large White (LW) and Mashen (MS) piglets at different times of starvation using chemical staining and transcriptome analysis. The intestinal barrier of piglets was damaged after starvation stress, but the intestinal antistress ability of MS piglets was stronger than LW piglets. A total of 8021 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in two breeds. Interestingly, the immune capacity (CHUK, TLR3) of MS piglets increased significantly after short-term starvation stress, while energy metabolism (NAGS, PLA2G12B, AGCG8) was predominant in LW piglets. After long-term starvation stress, the level of energy metabolism (PLIN5, PLA2G12B) was significantly increased in MS piglets. The expression of immune (HLA-DQB1, IGHG4, COL3A1, CD28, LAT) and disease (HSPA1B, MINPPI, ADH1C, GAL3ST1) related genes were significantly increased in two breeds of piglets. These results suggest that short-term stress mainly enhances immunity and energy metabolism in piglets, while long-term starvation produces greater stress on piglets, making it difficult for them to compensate for the damage to their bodies through self-regulation. This information can help improve the stress resistance of piglets through molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Ma
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Tong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianqin Ding
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiling Dong
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yifei Ren
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang Lu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Bugao Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Kearns R. The Kynurenine Pathway in Gut Permeability and Inflammation. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02135-x. [PMID: 39256304 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a crucial communication network linking the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS). The gut microbiota significantly influences metabolic, immune, and neural functions by generating a diverse array of bioactive compounds that modulate brain function and maintain homeostasis. A pivotal mechanism in this communication is the kynurenine pathway, which metabolises tryptophan into various derivatives, including neuroactive and neurotoxic compounds. Alterations in gut microbiota composition can increase gut permeability, triggering inflammation and neuroinflammation, and contributing to neuropsychiatric disorders. This review elucidates the mechanisms by which changes in gut permeability may lead to systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, with a focus on the kynurenine pathway. We explore how probiotics can modulate the kynurenine pathway and reduce neuroinflammation, highlighting their potential as therapeutic interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders. The review integrates experimental data, discusses the balance between neurotoxic and neuroprotective kynurenine metabolites, and examines the role of probiotics in regulating inflammation, cognitive development, and gut-brain axis functions. The insights provided aim to guide future research and therapeutic strategies for mitigating GI complaints and their neurological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Kearns
- Ulster University, Life and Health Sciences, Newry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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Caspani G, Ruffell SGD, Tsang W, Netzband N, Rohani-Shukla C, Swann JR, Jefferies WA. Mind over matter: the microbial mindscapes of psychedelics and the gut-brain axis. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107338. [PMID: 39111558 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Psychedelics have emerged as promising therapeutics for several psychiatric disorders. Hypotheses around their mechanisms have revolved around their partial agonism at the serotonin 2 A receptor, leading to enhanced neuroplasticity and brain connectivity changes that underlie positive mindset shifts. However, these accounts fail to recognise that the gut microbiota, acting via the gut-brain axis, may also have a role in mediating the positive effects of psychedelics on behaviour. In this review, we present existing evidence that the composition of the gut microbiota may be responsive to psychedelic drugs, and in turn, that the effect of psychedelics could be modulated by microbial metabolism. We discuss various alternative mechanistic models and emphasize the importance of incorporating hypotheses that address the contributions of the microbiome in future research. Awareness of the microbial contribution to psychedelic action has the potential to significantly shape clinical practice, for example, by allowing personalised psychedelic therapies based on the heterogeneity of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Caspani
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, East Mall, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Gordon & Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Simon G D Ruffell
- Psychae Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - WaiFung Tsang
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King'sCollege London, Department of Psychology, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Nigel Netzband
- University of West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Cyrus Rohani-Shukla
- Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, 12 University Rd, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, East Mall, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Gordon & Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
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Ghafouri-Taleghani F, Tafreshi AS, Doost AH, Tabesh M, Abolhasani M, Amini A, Saidpour A. Effects of Probiotic Supplementation Added to a Weight Loss Program on Anthropometric Measures, Body Composition, Eating Behavior, and Related Hormone Levels in Patients with Food Addiction and Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Obes Surg 2024; 34:3181-3194. [PMID: 39117856 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Weight regain after metabolic bariatric surgery is a common problem. Food addiction is an eating disorder that can be one of the reasons for weight regain in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation with a weight loss program and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on anthropometric measures, eating behavior, food addiction, and related hormone levels, in patients with food addiction and weight regain after metabolic bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on patients with food addiction and weight regain after metabolic bariatric surgery. Participants (n = 50) received a weight loss program and CBT plus probiotic, or placebo for 12 weeks. Then, anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, eating behavior, and food addiction were assessed. RESULTS Weight and body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly in the probiotic group compared to placebo (p = 0.008, p = 0.001, respectively). Fat mass was significantly decreased in the probiotic group (p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant improvement was observed in the probiotic group's eating behavior and food addiction compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001). Serum levels of leptin decreased significantly (p = 0.02), and oxytocin serum levels increased significantly (p = 0.008) in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION Adding probiotic supplements to the weight loss program and CBT is superior to the weight loss program and CBT alone in improving weight loss, eating behavior, and food addiction in patients with food addiction and weight regain after metabolic bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ghafouri-Taleghani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | | | - Azita Hekmat Doost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Mastaneh Tabesh
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1136746911, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1136746911, Iran
| | - Amin Amini
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1971653313, Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
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Zhang P, Jin W, Lyu Z, Lyu X, Li L. Study on the mechanism of gut microbiota in the pathogenetic interaction between depression and Parkinson 's disease. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111001. [PMID: 38852651 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Depression and Parkinson's disease share pathogenetic characteristics, meaning that they can impact each other and exacerbate their respective progression. From a pathogenetic perspective, depression can develop into Parkinson's disease and is a precursor symptom of Parkinson's disease; Parkinson's disease is also often accompanied by depression. From a pharmacological perspective, the use of antidepressants increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, and therapeutic medications for Parkinson's disease can exacerbate symptoms of depression. Therefore, identifying how Parkinson's disease and depression impact each other in their development is key to formulating preventive measures and targeted treatment. One commonality in the pathogenesis of depression and Parkinson's disease are alterations in the gut microbiota, with mechanisms interacting in neural, immune inflammatory, and neuroendocrine pathways. This paper reviews the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of depression and Parkinson's disease; conducts a study of the relationship between both conditions and medication; and suggests that dysregulated gut microbiota may be a key factor in explaining the relationship between Parkinson's disease and depression. Finally, on the basis of these findings, this article hopes to provide suggestions that new ideas for the prevention and treatment of depression and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wei Jin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zhaoshun Lyu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xinxuan Lyu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China.
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Kim Y, Lim J, Oh J. Taming neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The protective role of phytochemicals through the gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117277. [PMID: 39126772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, primarily affecting memory and logical thinking, attributed to amyloid-β plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal loss and brain atrophy. Neuroinflammation, a hallmark of AD, involves the activation of microglia and astrocytes in response to pathological changes, potentially exacerbating neuronal damage. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, crucial for maintaining brain health. Phytochemicals, natural compounds found in plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, such as flavonoids, curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin, have emerged as potential modulators of this axis, suggesting implications for AD prevention. Intake of phytochemicals influences the gut microbial composition and its metabolites, thereby impacting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. Consumption of phytochemical-rich foods may promote a healthy gut microbiota, fostering the production of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective substances. Early dietary incorporation of phytochemicals offers a non-invasive strategy for modulating the gut-brain axis and potentially reducing AD risk or delaying its onset. The exploration of interventions targeting the gut-brain axis through phytochemical intake represents a promising avenue for the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies against AD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsu Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisun Oh
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea.
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Qin Z, He X, Gao Q, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Qin N, Wang C, Huang B, Shi Y, Liu C, Wang S, Zhang H, Li Y, Shi H, Tian X, Song L. Postweaning sodium citrate exposure induces long-lasting and sex-dependent effects on social behaviours in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 242:173807. [PMID: 38925482 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2024.173807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postweaning is a pivotal period for brain development and individual growth. As an important chemical used in medicines, foods and beverages, sodium citrate (SC) is commonly available. Although some effects of SC exposure on individual physiology have been demonstrated, the potential long-lasting effects of postweaning dietary SC exposure on social behaviours are still elusive. METHODS Both postweaning male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to SC through drinking water for a total of 3 weeks. A series of behavioural tests, including social dominance test (SDT), social interaction test (SIT), bedding preference test (BPT) and sexual preference test (SPT), were performed in adolescence and adulthood. After these tests, serum oxytocin (OT) levels and gut microbiota were detected. RESULTS The behavioural results revealed that postweaning SC exposure decreased the social dominance of male mice in adulthood and female mice in both adolescence and adulthood. SC exposure also reduced the sexual preference rates of both males and females, while it had no effect on social interaction behaviour. ELISA results indicated that SC exposure decreased the serum OT levels of females but not males. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed a significant difference in β-diversity after SC exposure in both males and females. The correlation coefficient indicated the correlation between social behaviours, OT levels and dominant genera of gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that postweaning SC exposure may have enduring and sex-dependent effects on social behaviours, which may be correlated with altered serum OT levels and gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Qin
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xinyue He
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Huajian Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Na Qin
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Boya Huang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Early Life Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Early Life Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Youdong Li
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Early Life Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Haishui Shi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China; Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Early Life Health Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Li Song
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology (SZX2020013), Hebei Medical University, 050017, China.
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10
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Rong Q, Chen H, Chen Y, Xu M, Chen R, Li C. Potential mechanisms of gut microbiota influence on different types of vertigo: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:297. [PMID: 39192194 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between gut microbiota and vertigo, specifically Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPV) and Vertigo of Central (VC), remains underexplored. AIM AND HYPOTHESES This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between gut microbiota and two types of vertigo, BPV and VC. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the mediation effects of metabolic, inflammatory, and psychological factors on these relationships. We hypothesize that specific taxa of gut microbiota have a causal effect on the risk of developing BPV and VC. The mediation effects of HbA1c, obesity, major depression, and interleukin-18 levels significantly influence the relationships between gut microbiota and vertigo. METHOD Utilizing a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach, this study investigated causal associations between gut microbiota and the two types of vertigo. A network MR assessed mediation effects of HbA1c, major depression, obesity, and interleukin-18 levels, with data sourced from several consortia, including MiBioGen. RESULTS Distinct gut microbiota displayed varying influences on BPV and VC risks. A total of ten taxa affect BPV. Among these, two taxa have an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1, including one class, one order. Conversely, eight taxa have an OR less than 1, encompassing four families, three genera, and one order. The OR for these taxa ranges from 0.693 to 0.930, with p-values between 0.006 and 0.048. For VC, eight taxa were found to have an impact. Five of these taxa exhibit an OR greater than 1, including four genera and one phylum. The OR for these taxa ranges from 1.229 to 2.179, with p-values from 0.000 to 0.046. The remaining three taxa have an OR less than 1, comprising one family and two genera, with an OR range of 0.445 to 0.792 and p-values ranging from 0.013 to 0.050. The mediation analysis for BPV shows that major depression, obesity, and HbA1c are key mediators between specific taxa and BPV. Major depression mediates 28.77% of the effect of family Rhodospirillaceae on BPV. Obesity mediates 13.90% of the effect of class Lentisphaeria/order Victivallales. HbA1c mediates 11.79% of the effect of genus Bifidobacterium, 11.36% of family Bifidobacteriaceae/order Bifidobacteriales. For VC, interleukin-18 levels and major depression are significant mediators. Interleukin-18 levels mediate 6.56% of the effect of phylum Actinobacteria. Major depression mediates 6.51% of the effect of genus Alloprevotella. CONCLUSION The study highlights potential causal links between gut microbiota and vertigo, emphasizing metabolic and psychological mediators. These insights underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting gut health in vertigo management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongwen Rong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road Haikou, Haikou, 570201, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road Haikou, Haikou, 570201, Hainan, China
| | - Yibin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road Haikou, Haikou, 570201, Hainan, China
| | - Minghui Xu
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Ruixue Chen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Changxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road Haikou, Haikou, 570201, Hainan, China.
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11
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Koutsokostas C, Merkouris E, Goulas A, Aidinopoulou K, Sini N, Dimaras T, Tsiptsios D, Mueller C, Nystazaki M, Tsamakis K. Gut Microbes Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1735. [PMID: 39203576 PMCID: PMC11357424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders are influenced by alterations in the gut microbiome. Various diseases have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis, yet there are inconclusive data regarding which microorganisms are associated with each disorder. The aim of our study is to systematically review the recent literature of the past decade to clarify whether the gut microbiome contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Most included studies showed a strong correlation between the relative abundance of certain microorganisms, mainly species of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is speculated that the microorganisms and their byproducts have a significant role in brain protein accumulation, neuro-inflammation, and gut permeability. The estimation of microbial populations could potentially improve clinical outcomes and hinder the progression of the disease. However, further research is needed to include more diseases and larger patient samples and identify specific species and subspecies associated with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koutsokostas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Ermis Merkouris
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Apostolos Goulas
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Konstantina Aidinopoulou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Niki Sini
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Theofanis Dimaras
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (C.K.); (E.M.); (A.G.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (T.D.)
| | | | - Christoph Mueller
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Maria Nystazaki
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, University General Hospital ‘Attikon’, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AB, UK;
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
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12
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Trivedi A, Bose D, Moffat K, Pearson E, Walsh D, Cohen D, Skupsky J, Chao L, Golier J, Janulewicz P, Sullivan K, Krengel M, Tuteja A, Klimas N, Chatterjee S. Gulf War Illness Is Associated with Host Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Is Linked to Altered Species Abundance in Veterans from the BBRAIN Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1102. [PMID: 39200711 PMCID: PMC11354743 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a debilitating condition marked by chronic fatigue, cognitive problems, pain, and gastrointestinal (GI) complaints in veterans who were deployed to the 1990-1991 Gulf War. Fatigue, GI complaints, and other chronic symptoms continue to persist more than 30 years post-deployment. Several potential mechanisms for the persistent illness have been identified and our prior pilot study linked an altered gut microbiome with the disorder. This study further validates and builds on our prior preliminary findings of host gut microbiome dysbiosis in veterans with GWI. Using stool samples and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) data from 89 GW veteran participants (63 GWI cases and 26 controls) from the Boston biorepository, recruitment, and integrative network (BBRAIN) for Gulf War Illness, we found that the host gut bacterial signature of veterans with GWI showed significantly different Bray-Curtis beta diversity than control veterans. Specifically, a higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, decrease in Akkermansia sp., Bacteroides thetaiotamicron, Bacteroides fragilis, and Lachnospiraceae genera and increase in Blautia, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, and Clostridium genera, that are associated with gut, immune, and brain health, were shown. Further, using MaAsLin and Boruta algorithms, Coprococcus and Eisenbergiella were identified as important predictors of GWI with an area under the curve ROC predictive value of 74.8%. Higher self-reported MFI scores in veterans with GWI were also significantly associated with an altered gut bacterial diversity and species abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Blautia. These results suggest potential therapeutic targets for veterans with GWI that target the gut microbiome and specific symptoms of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Trivedi
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Dipro Bose
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Kelly Moffat
- CosmosID, Germantown, MD 20874, USA; (K.M.); (D.W.)
| | | | - Dana Walsh
- CosmosID, Germantown, MD 20874, USA; (K.M.); (D.W.)
| | - Devra Cohen
- Miami VA Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33125, USA;
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;
| | - Jonathan Skupsky
- VA Research and Development, VA Long Beach Health Care, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA;
| | - Linda Chao
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Julia Golier
- J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA;
- Psychiatry Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patricia Janulewicz
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St. T4W, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (P.J.)
| | - Kimberly Sullivan
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St. T4W, Boston, MA 02130, USA; (P.J.)
| | - Maxine Krengel
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Ashok Tuteja
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - Nancy Klimas
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Miami VA Heathcare System, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.T.); (D.B.)
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease, UCI School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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13
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Missiego-Beltrán J, Olalla-Álvarez EM, González-Brugera A, Beltrán-Velasco AI. Implications of Butyrate Signaling Pathways on the Motor Symptomatology of Parkinson's Disease and Neuroprotective Effects-Therapeutic Approaches: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8998. [PMID: 39201684 PMCID: PMC11354563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota alterations, specifically involving short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate, may influence PD pathogenesis and symptomatology. This Systematic Review aims to synthesize current research on the role of butyrate in modulating motor symptoms and its neuroprotective effects in PD, providing insights into potential therapeutic approaches. A systematic literature search was conducted in April 2024 across databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, Wiley, and Web of Science, for studies published between 2000 and 2024. Keywords used were "neuroprotective effects AND butyrate AND (Parkinson disease OR motor symptoms)". Four authors independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, applying inclusion criteria focused on studies investigating butyrate regulation and PD motor symptoms. A total of 1377 articles were identified, with 40 selected for full-text review and 14 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Data extraction was performed on the study population, PD models, methodology, intervention details, and outcomes. Quality assessment using the SYRCLE RoB tool highlighted variability in study quality, with some biases noted in allocation concealment and blinding. Findings indicate that butyrate regulation has a significant impact on improving motor symptoms and offers neuroprotective benefits in PD models. The therapeutic modulation of gut microbiota to enhance butyrate levels presents a promising strategy for PD symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- NBC Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28015 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (E.M.O.-Á.); (A.G.-B.)
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14
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Li T, Yin D, Shi R. Gut-muscle axis mechanism of exercise prevention of sarcopenia. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1418778. [PMID: 39221163 PMCID: PMC11362084 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1418778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia refers to an age-related systemic skeletal muscle disorder, which is characterized by loss of muscle mass and weakening of muscle strength. Gut microbiota can affect skeletal muscle through a variety of mechanisms. Gut microbiota present distinct features among elderly people and sarcopenia patients, including a decrease in microbial diversity, which might be associated with the quality and function of the skeletal muscle. There might be a gut-muscle axis; where gut microbiota and skeletal muscle may affect each other bi-directionally. Skeletal muscle can affect the biodiversity of the gut microbiota, and the latter can, in turn, affect the anabolism of skeletal muscle. This review examines recent studies exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and skeletal muscle, summarizes the effects of exercise on gut microbiota, and discusses the possible mechanisms of the gut-muscle axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rengfei Shi
- School of Health and Exercise, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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15
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Chen CY, Wang YF, Lei L, Zhang Y. Impacts of microbiota and its metabolites through gut-brain axis on pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Life Sci 2024; 351:122815. [PMID: 38866215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by a high rate of recurrence and disability, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. That's why a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of MDD pathology is an urgent task, and some studies have found that intestinal symptoms accompany people with MDD. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system, which was found to have a strong association with the pathogenesis of MDD. Previous studies have focused more on the communication between the gut and the brain through neuroendocrine, neuroimmune and autonomic pathways, and the role of gut microbes and their metabolites in depression is unclear. Metabolites of intestinal microorganisms (e.g., tryptophan, kynurenic acid, indole, and lipopolysaccharide) can participate in the pathogenesis of MDD through immune and inflammatory pathways or by altering the permeability of the gut and blood-brain barrier. In addition, intestinal microbes can communicate with intestinal neurons and glial cells to affect the integrity and function of intestinal nerves. However, the specific role of gut microbes and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of MDD is not well understood. Hence, the present review summarizes how gut microbes and their metabolites are directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Ya Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Lan Lei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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16
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Havton GC, Tai ATC, Vasisht S, Davies DL, Asatryan L. Preclinical Evaluation of Sodium Butyrate's Potential to Reduce Alcohol Consumption: A Dose-Escalation Study in C57BL/6J Mice in Antibiotic-Enhanced Binge-Like Drinking Model. Pharmacology 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39134007 DOI: 10.1159/000540882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In our earlier efforts to establish gut-brain axis during alcohol use disorder (AUD), we have demonstrated that supplementation of C57BL/6J male mice with 8 mg/mL sodium butyrate, a major short-chain fatty acid, in drinking water reduced ethanol intake and neuroinflammatory response in antibiotic (ABX)-enhanced voluntary binge-like alcohol consumption model, drinking in the dark (DID). METHODS To further evaluate the preclinical potential of SB, we have set a dose-escalation study in C57BL/6J male mice to test effects of ad libitum 20 mg/mL SB and 50 mg/mL SB and their combinations with ABX in the DID procedure for 4 weeks. Effects of these SB concentrations on ethanol consumption and bodily parameters were determined for the duration of the treatments. At the end of study, blood, liver, and intestinal tissues were collected to study any potential adverse effects ad to measure blood ethanol concentrations. RESULTS Increasing SB concentrations in the drinking water caused a loss in the protective effect against ethanol consumption and produced adverse effects on body and liver weights, reduced overall liquid intake. The hypothesis that these effects were due to aversion to SB smell/taste at these high concentrations were further tested in a follow up proof-of-concept study with intragastric gavage administration of SB. The higher gavage dose (320 mg/kg) caused reduction in ethanol consumption without any adverse effects. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings added more support for the therapeutic potential of SB in management of AUD, given a proper form of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C Havton
- Titus Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alex T C Tai
- Titus Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Surabhi Vasisht
- Titus Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daryl L Davies
- Titus Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Liana Asatryan
- Titus Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Liu X, Shi X, Zhao H, Hou J, Zhao W, Ding W. Association of gut microbiota with depression post-myocardial infarction: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305428. [PMID: 39121108 PMCID: PMC11315350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression post-myocardial infarction (MI) is becoming more prevalent. The gut-brain axis (GBA), influenced by the gut microbiota, is a critical component in understanding depression post-MI. Despite the well-established connection between gut microbiota and depression post-MI, this relationship remains incompletely understood. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2020 statement. Beginning from inception to October 2023, a systematic search will be conducted across eight electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Clinical Trials Database, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Biomedical Literature Database. Pre-selected studies will be independently assessed by two researchers following a standard inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment protocol. The primary outcome measures are differences in the profile of gut microbiota and rating scale scores for depression. Fixed-effects models will be used when both clinical heterogeneity and statistical heterogeneity are low, otherwise random-effects models will be used. Furthermore, subgroup analyses will be conducted on the depression severity of the participants using the same psychiatric scales employed, study type and geographic region. Random forest plot runs and research-related statistical analyses will be carried out using Rev Man V.5.3 software. EXPECTED RESULTS This study will identify the association between the gut microbiota and the onset of depression post-MI, and provide evidence for the use of probiotics as an adjunctive treatment for depression post-MI. TRIAL REGISTRATION Prospero registration number: CRD42023444026.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Zhao
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiqiu Hou
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhe Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Ding
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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18
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Ceccon M, Kantsjö JB, Ronchi F. Personalized Paths: Unlocking Alzheimer's via the Gut-Brain Axis. Visc Med 2024; 40:194-209. [PMID: 39157730 PMCID: PMC11326767 DOI: 10.1159/000535869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by abnormal protein aggregates in the brain that lead to cognitive decline. While current therapies only treat symptoms, disease-modifying treatments are urgently needed. Studies suggest that the composition of the microbiota is altered in people with AD, suggesting a link between gut bacteria and AD-related brain changes. Summary In our narrative review, we explore various microbial interventions, such as faecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, and diet, as powerful potential treatments. Studies suggest changes in microbiota composition following these interventions, with some beneficial effects on cognitive function. However, the mechanism of action of these microbial interventions is still unknown. Key Message Our aim was to highlight the importance of personalised approaches, taking into account individual metabolic and microbiome profiles. We try to address gaps in current research and emphasise the need for microbiota analysis at different stages of the disease and its integration with clinical parameters and lifestyle information for a comprehensive understanding of AD progression (summarised in online suppl. Fig. 1; for all online suppl. material, see https://doi.org/10.1159/000535869).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ceccon
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology/Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johan B Kantsjö
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology/Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Ronchi
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Disease, and Immunology/Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Taghizadeh Ghassab F, Shamlou Mahmoudi F, Taheri Tinjani R, Emami Meibodi A, Zali MR, Yadegar A. Probiotics and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegeneration: Beneficial effects and mechanistic insights. Life Sci 2024; 350:122748. [PMID: 38843992 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders with a high socioeconomic burden. Although pharmacotherapy is currently the principal therapeutic approach for the management of NDs, mounting evidence supports the notion that the protracted application of available drugs would abate their dopaminergic outcomes in the long run. The therapeutic application of microbiome-based modalities has received escalating attention in biomedical works. In-depth investigations of the bidirectional communication between the microbiome in the gut and the brain offer a multitude of targets for the treatment of NDs or maximizing the patient's quality of life. Probiotic administration is a well-known microbial-oriented approach to modulate the gut microbiota and potentially influence the process of neurodegeneration. Of note, there is a strong need for further investigation to map out the mechanistic prospects for the gut-brain axis and the clinical efficacy of probiotics. In this review, we discuss the importance of microbiome modulation and hemostasis via probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and synbiotics in ameliorating pathological neurodegenerative events. Also, we meticulously describe the underlying mechanism of action of probiotics and their metabolites on the gut-brain axis in different NDs. We suppose that the present work will provide a functional direction for the use of probiotic-based modalities in promoting current practical treatments for the management of neurodegenerative-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Taghizadeh Ghassab
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shamlou Mahmoudi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Taheri Tinjani
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armitasadat Emami Meibodi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yuan X, Chai J, Xu W, Zhao Y. Exploring the Potential of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Major Depression: From Molecular Function to Clinical Therapy. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10326-z. [PMID: 39078446 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a complex and challenging mental health condition with multifaceted etiology. Recent research exploring the gut-brain axis has shed light on the potential influence of gut microbiota on mental health, offering novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. This paper reviews current evidence on the role of prebiotics and probiotics in the context of MDD treatment. Clinical studies assessing the effects of prebiotic and probiotic interventions have demonstrated promising results, showcasing improvements in depression symptoms and metabolic parameters in certain populations. Notably, prebiotics and probiotics have shown the capacity to modulate inflammatory markers, cortisol levels, and neurotransmitter pathways linked to MDD. However, existing research presents varied outcomes, underscoring the need for further investigation into specific microbial strains, dosage optimization, and long-term effects. Future research should aim at refining personalized interventions, elucidating mechanisms of action, and establishing standardized protocols to integrate these interventions into clinical practice. While prebiotics and probiotics offer potential adjunctive therapies for MDD, continued interdisciplinary efforts are vital to harnessing their full therapeutic potential and reshaping the landscape of depression treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jianbo Chai
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Wenqiang Xu
- Harbin Jiarun Hospital, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yonghou Zhao
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China.
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Althubyani AA, Canto S, Pham H, Holger DJ, Rey J. Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity: epidemiology, mechanisms and management strategies - a narrative literature review. Drugs Context 2024; 13:2024-3-3. [PMID: 39072301 PMCID: PMC11281100 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2024-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are amongst the most prescribed medications globally in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity is relatively uncommon; yet, when it occurs, it can lead to severe morbidity ranging from dizziness and confusion to seizure and psychosis. However, the actual incidence rate of these adverse events may be higher due to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis as they are commonly confused with clinical manifestations of different neuropsychiatric conditions. The incidence and mechanism of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity vary between different antibiotic classes and clinical presentation (i.e. neurotoxicity versus psychiatric toxicity). However, the exact mechanism by which antibiotics can cause neuropsychiatric toxicity remains unclear. This article reviews the epidemiology of antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity, explores potential mechanisms of this adverse event, investigates variations in frequency and clinical presentations between different antibiotic classes causing neuropsychiatric toxicity, and discusses management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Althubyani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samantha Canto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, South Florida State Hospital, Pembroke Pines, Florida, USA
| | - Huy Pham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Dana J Holger
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Jose Rey
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Services, South Florida State Hospital, Pembroke Pines, Florida, USA
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22
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Campagnolo M, Weis L, Sandre M, Tushevski A, Russo FP, Savarino E, Carecchio M, Stocco E, Macchi V, De Caro R, Parchi P, Bubacco L, Porzionato A, Antonini A, Emmi A. Immune landscape of the enteric nervous system differentiates Parkinson's disease patients from controls: The PADUA-CESNE cohort. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106609. [PMID: 39048026 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal dysfunction has emerged as a prominent early feature of Parkinson's Disease, shedding new light on the pivotal role of the enteric nervous system in its pathophysiology. However, the role of immune-cell clusters and inflammatory and glial markers in the gut pathogenetic process needs further elucidation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study duodenum tissue samples to characterize PD's enteric nervous system pathology further. Twenty patients with advanced PD, six with early PD, and 18 matched controls were included in the PADUA-CESNE cohort. METHODS Duodenal biopsies from 26 patients with early to advanced stage PD and 18 age-matched HCs were evaluated for the presence of surface markers (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD68+, HLA-DR), presence of misfolded alpha-synuclein and enteric glial alteration (GFAP). Correlation of immulogic pattern and clinical characteristic were analyzed. RESULTS The findings validate that in patients with Parkinson's Disease, the activation and reactive gliosis are linked to the neurodegeneration triggered by the presence of misfolded alpha-synuclein in the enteric nervous system. This process intensifies from the initial to the advanced stages of the disease. The clusters of T- and B-lymphocytes in the enteric system, along with the overall expression of HLA-DR in antigen-presenting cells, exceeded those in the control group. Conversely, no differences in terms of macrophage populations were found. CONCLUSIONS These findings broaden our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the enteric nervous system's involvement in PD and point to the gastrointestinal system as a potential therapeutic target, especially in the early stages of the disease. Moreover, our results propose a role of T- and B-lymphocytes in maintaining inflammation and ultimately influencing alpha-synuclein misfolding and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Campagnolo
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Weis
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Sandre
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aleksandar Tushevski
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Savarino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Miryam Carecchio
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Stocco
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy; Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Piero Parchi
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (ISNB), Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padua Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aron Emmi
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CESNE), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padua Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Dehghan Manshadi M, Setoodeh P, Zare H. Systematic analysis of microorganisms' metabolism for selective targeting. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16446. [PMID: 39014020 PMCID: PMC11252421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective drugs with a relatively narrow spectrum can reduce the side effects of treatments compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics by specifically targeting the pathogens responsible for infection. Furthermore, combating an infectious pathogen, especially a drug-resistant microorganism, is more efficient by attacking multiple targets. Here, we combined synthetic lethality with selective drug targeting to identify multi-target and organism-specific potential drug candidates by systematically analyzing the genome-scale metabolic models of six different microorganisms. By considering microorganisms as targeted or conserved in groups ranging from one to six members, we designed 665 individual case studies. For each case, we identified single essential reactions as well as double, triple, and quadruple synthetic lethal reaction sets that are lethal for targeted microorganisms and neutral for conserved ones. As expected, the number of obtained solutions for each case depends on the genomic similarity between the studied microorganisms. Mapping the identified potential drug targets to their corresponding pathways highlighted the importance of key subsystems such as cell envelope biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, membrane lipid metabolism, and the nucleotide salvage pathway. To assist in the validation and further investigation of our proposed potential drug targets, we introduced two sets of targets that can theoretically address a substantial portion of the 665 cases. We expect that the obtained solutions provide valuable insights into designing narrow-spectrum drugs that selectively cause system-wide damage only to the target microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Dehghan Manshadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Payam Setoodeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
- W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Habil Zare
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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24
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Kiełbik P, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O. The Relationship between Canine Behavioral Disorders and Gut Microbiome and Future Therapeutic Perspectives. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2048. [PMID: 39061510 PMCID: PMC11273744 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine behavioral disorders have become one of the most common concerns and challenging issues among dog owners. Thus, there is a great demand for knowledge about various factors affecting dogs' emotions and well-being. Among them, the gut-brain axis seems to be particularly interesting, especially since in many instances the standard treatment or behavioral therapies insufficiently improve animal behavior. Therefore, to face this challenge, the search for novel therapeutic methods is highly required. Existing data show that mammals' gut microbiome, immune system, and nervous system are in continuous communication and influence animal physiology and behavior. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the most important scientific evidence on the relationship between mental disorders and gut microbiota in dogs, simultaneously presenting comparable outcomes in humans and rodent models. A comprehensive overview of crucial mechanisms of the gut-brain axis is included. This refers especially to the neurotransmitters crucial for animal behavior, which are regulated by the gut microbiome, and to the main microbial metabolites-short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This review presents summarized data on gut dysbiosis in relation to the inflammation process within the organism, as well as the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. All of the above mechanisms are presented in this review in strict correlation with brain and/or behavioral changes in the animal. Additionally, according to human and laboratory animal studies, the gut microbiome appears to be altered in individuals with mental disorders; thus, various strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota are implemented. This refers also to the fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) method, based on transferring the fecal matter from a donor into the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient in order to modulate the gut microbiota. In this review, the possible effects of the FMT procedure on animal behavioral disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Kiełbik
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Su Q, Tang Q, Ma C, Wang K. Advances in the study of the relationship between gut microbiota and erectile dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2024:qeae049. [PMID: 38984896 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, in-depth research has revealed that gut microbiota has an inseparable relationship with erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. OBJECTIVES (1) To review the correlation between gut microbiota and ED from the perspective of its impact on men's mental health, metabolism, immunity, and endocrine regulation and (2) to provide reference to further explore the pathogenesis of ED and the improvement of clinical treatment plans. METHODS PubMed was used for the literature search to identify publications related to ED and gut microbiota. RESULTS Gut microbiota may induce depression and anxiety through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, leading to the occurrence of psychological ED. It may also cause vascular endothelial dysfunction and androgen metabolism disorder by interfering with lipid metabolism, immunity, and endocrine regulation, leading to the occurrence of organic ED. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in the occurrence and development of ED. As a new influencing factor of ED, gut microbiota disorder is expected to become a target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Qizhen Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Chuanyu Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Kenan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
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26
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Zhao Q, Baranova A, Cao H, Zhang F. Gut microbiome and major depressive disorder: insights from two-sample Mendelian randomization. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:493. [PMID: 38977973 PMCID: PMC11232322 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence suggests that alterations in the gut microbiome are closely associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). We aimed to reveal the causal relationships between MDD and various microbial taxa in the gut. METHODS We used the two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to explore the bidirectional causal effects between gut microbiota and MDD. The genome-wide association studies summary results of gut microbiota were obtained from two large consortia, the MibioGen consortium and the Dutch Microbiome Project, which we analyzed separately. RESULTS Our TSMR analysis identified 10 gut bacterial taxa that were protective against MDD, including phylum Actinobacteria, order Clostridiales, and family Bifidobacteriaceae (OR: 0.96 ∼ 0.98). Ten taxa were associated with an increased risk of MDD, including phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, class Actinobacteria, and genus Alistipes (OR: 1.01 ∼ 1.09). On the other hand, MDD may decrease the abundance of 12 taxa, including phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, families Bifidobacteriaceae and Defluviitaleaceae (OR: 0.63 ∼ 0.88). MDD may increase the abundance of 8 taxa, including phylum Bacteroidetes, genera Parabacteroides, and Bacteroides (OR: 1.12 ∼ 1.43). CONCLUSIONS Our study supports that there are mutual causal relationships between certain gut microbiota and the development of MDD suggesting that gut microbiota may be targeted in the treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, 22030, USA
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Hongbao Cao
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, 22030, USA
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Bhardwaj K, Singh AA, Kumar H. Unveiling the Journey from the Gut to the Brain: Decoding Neurodegeneration-Gut Connection in Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2454-2469. [PMID: 38896463 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease, a classical motor disorder affecting the dopaminergic system of the brain, has been as a disease of the brain, but this classical notion has now been viewed differently as the pathology begins in the gut and then gradually moves up to the brain regions. The microorganisms in the gut play a critical role in maintaining the physiology of the gut from maintaining barrier integrity to secretion of microbial products that maintain a healthy gut state. The pathology subsequently alters the normal composition of gut microbes and causes deleterious effects that ultimately trigger strong neuroinflammation and nonmotor symptoms along with characteristic synucleopathy, a pathological hallmark of the disease. Understanding the complex pathomechanisms in distinct and established preclinical models is the primary goal of researchers to decipher how exactly gut pathology has a central effect; the quest has led to many answered and some open-ended questions for researchers. We summarize the popular opinions and some contrasting views, concise footsteps in the treatment strategies targeting the gastrointestinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opposite Air force station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355 Gujarat, India
| | - Aditya A Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opposite Air force station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355 Gujarat, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Opposite Air force station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355 Gujarat, India
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28
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Lonstein JS, Meinhardt TA, Pavlidi P, Kokras N, Dalla C, Charlier TD, Pawluski JL. Maternal probiotic Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 treatment alters postpartum anxiety, cortical monoamines, and the gut microbiome. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 165:107033. [PMID: 38569396 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Peripartum mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) affect 15-20% of peripartum women and are well known to disrupt infant caregiving. A recent study in humans reported that anxiety and depressive symptoms were alleviated by peripartum treatment with the probiotic, Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001. The current study determined the effects of chronic Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) treatment on postpartum affective and caregiving behaviors in a laboratory rodent model. Female rats were given probiotic overnight in their drinking water, or untreated water, from the first day of pregnancy through postpartum day 10. To determine whether the HN001 effects were influenced by a background of stress, half the females underwent chronic variable pregnancy stress and the other half remained undisturbed. The results revealed that, even without pregnancy stress, HN001 reduced postpartum anxiety-related behavior, increased variability in behavioral fragmentation when dams interacted with pups, increased time away from pups, and decreased prefrontal cortex norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). Probiotic plus stress consistently reduced the latency to float in the forced swim test, increased DA and 5-HT turnovers in the prefrontal cortex, increased hippocampal NE, and reduced hypothalamic DA. Fecal microbe alpha and beta diversities were lower postpartum than prepartum, which was prevented by the probiotic treatment and/or stress. Across the entire sample lower postpartum anxiety behavior was associated with lower fecal Bacteroides dorei. This study reveals novel information about how L. rhamnosus HN001 influences postpartum behavior and microbiota-gut-brain physiology in female laboratory rats, with implications for probiotic supplement use by pregnant and postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S Lonstein
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Taryn A Meinhardt
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Pavlina Pavlidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens, Goudi 11527, Greece
| | - Nikos Kokras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens, Goudi 11527, Greece; First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Dalla
- First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Thierry D Charlier
- Universite de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Jodi L Pawluski
- Universite de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes F-35000, France
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29
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Hanna-Jairala I, Drossman DA. Central Neuromodulators in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Why, How, and When. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119:1272-1284. [PMID: 38595149 PMCID: PMC11208063 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is responsive to treatments using central neuromodulators. Central neuromodulators work by enhancing the synaptic transmission of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenalin, and dopamine, achieving a slower regulation or desensitization of their postsynaptic receptors. Central neuromodulators act on receptors along the brain-gut axis, so they are useful in treating psychiatric comorbidities, modifying gut motility, improving central downregulation of visceral signals, and enhancing neurogenesis in patients with IBS. Choosing a central neuromodulator for treating IBS should be according to the pharmacological properties and predominant symptoms. The first-line treatment for pain management in IBS is using tricyclic antidepressants. An alternative for pain management is the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are useful when symptoms of anxiety and hypervigilance are dominant but are not helpful for treating abdominal pain. The predominant bowel habit is helpful when choosing a neuromodulator to treat IBS; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors help constipation, not pain, but may cause diarrhea; tricyclic antidepressants help diarrhea but may cause constipation. A clinical response may occur in 6-8 weeks, but long-term treatment (usually 6-12 months) is required after the initial response to prevent relapse. Augmentation therapy may be beneficial when the therapeutic effect of the first agent is incomplete or associated with side effects. It is recommended to reduce the dose of the first agent and add a second complementary treatment. This may include an atypical antipsychotic or brain-gut behavioral treatment. When tapering central neuromodulators, the dose should be reduced slowly over 4 weeks but may take longer when discontinuation effects occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Hanna-Jairala
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Alcivar, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Douglas A. Drossman
- Center for Education and Practice of Biopsychosocial Care, Drossman Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Asgari R, Bazzazan MA, Karimi Jirandehi A, Yousefzadeh S, Alaei M, Keshavarz Shahbaz S. Peyer's Patch: Possible target for modulating the Gut-Brain-Axis through microbiota. Cell Immunol 2024; 401-402:104844. [PMID: 38901288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the brain form bidirectional nervous, immune, and endocrine communications known as the gut-brain axis. Several factors can affect this axis; among them, various studies have focused on the microbiota and imply that alterations in microbiota combinations can influence both the brain and GI. Also, many studies have shown that the immune system has a vital role in varying gut microbiota combinations. In the current paper, we will review the multidirectional effects of gut microbiota, immune system, and nervous system on each other. Specifically, this review mainly focuses on the impact of Peyer's patches as a critical component of the gut immune system on the gut-brain axis through affecting the gut's microbial composition. In this way, some factors were discussed as proposed elements of missing gaps in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Asgari
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Bazzazan
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ashkan Karimi Jirandehi
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Salar Yousefzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Masood Alaei
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz
- USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical science, Qazvin, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non- Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Costa A, Lucarini E. Treating chronic stress and chronic pain by manipulating gut microbiota with diet: can we kill two birds with one stone? Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38889540 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2365021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Background: Chronic stress and chronic pain are closely linked by the capacity to exacerbate each other, sharing common roots in the brain and in the gut. The strict intersection between these two neurological diseases makes important to have a therapeutic strategy aimed at preventing both to maintain mental health in patients. Diet is an modifiable lifestyle factor associated with gut-brain axis diseases and there is growing interest in its use as adjuvant to main therapies. Several evidence attest the impact of specific diets or nutrients on chronic stress-related disorders and pain with a good degree of certainty. A daily adequate intake of foods containing micronutrients such as amino acids, minerals and vitamins, as well as the reduction in the consumption of processed food products can have a positive impact on microbiota and gut health. Many nutrients are endowed of prebiotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential which make them useful tools helping the management of chronic stress and pain in patients. Dietary regimes, as intermittent fasting or caloric restriction, are promising, although further studies are needed to optimize protocols according to patient's medical history, age and sex. Moreover, by supporting gut microbiota health with diet is possible to attenuate comorbidities such as obesity, gastrointestinal dysfunction and mood disorders, thus reducing healthcare costs related to chronic stress or pain.Objective: This review summarize the most recent evidence on the microbiota-mediated beneficial effects of macro- and micronutrients, dietary-related factors, specific nutritional regimens and dietary intervention on these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Costa
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Chai WH, Ma Y, Li JJ, Guo F, Wu YZ, Liu JW. Immune cell signatures and causal association with irritable bowel syndrome: A mendelian randomization study. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:3094-3104. [PMID: 38898868 PMCID: PMC11185378 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.3094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mucosal barrier's immune-brain interactions, pivotal for neural development and function, are increasingly recognized for their potential causal and therapeutic relevance to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Prior studies linking immune inflammation with IBS have been inconsistent. To further elucidate this relationship, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of 731 immune cell markers to dissect the influence of various immune phenotypes on IBS. Our goal was to deepen our understanding of the disrupted brain-gut axis in IBS and to identify novel therapeutic targets. AIM To leverage publicly available data to perform MR analysis on 731 immune cell markers and explore their impact on IBS. We aimed to uncover immunophenotypic associations with IBS that could inform future drug development and therapeutic strategies. METHODS We performed a comprehensive two-sample MR analysis to evaluate the causal relationship between immune cell markers and IBS. By utilizing genetic data from public databases, we examined the causal associations between 731 immune cell markers, encompassing median fluorescence intensity, relative cell abundance, absolute cell count, and morphological parameters, with IBS susceptibility. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate our findings and address potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy. RESULTS Bidirectional false discovery rate correction indicated no significant influence of IBS on immunophenotypes. However, our analysis revealed a causal impact of IBS on 30 out of 731 immune phenotypes (P < 0.05). Nine immune phenotypes demonstrated a protective effect against IBS [inverse variance weighting (IVW) < 0.05, odd ratio (OR) < 1], while 21 others were associated with an increased risk of IBS onset (IVW ≥ 0.05, OR ≥ 1). CONCLUSION Our findings underscore a substantial genetic correlation between immune cell phenotypes and IBS, providing valuable insights into the pathophysiology of the condition. These results pave the way for the development of more precise biomarkers and targeted therapies for IBS. Furthermore, this research enriches our comprehension of immune cell roles in IBS pathogenesis, offering a foundation for more effective, personalized treatment approaches. These advancements hold promise for improving IBS patient quality of life and reducing the disease burden on individuals and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Chai
- Department of Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of the PLA, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Emergency Trauma Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi-Zhan Wu
- Department of Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Medicine of Xinjiang, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of the PLA, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Qi C, Gou R. Association of dietary saturated fatty acid intake with depression: mediating effects of the dietary inflammation index. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1396029. [PMID: 38946782 PMCID: PMC11211382 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1396029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diet and dietary inflammation play an important role in depression. The aim of this study was to assess the association of SFAs with depression risk and the mediating role of DII. Method Among 22, 478 U.S. adults (≥ 20, years old) according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between dietary intake of SFAs and the risk of depression. Dietary inflammation levels were evaluated using the DII. Mediation analysis was used to investigate the risk of DII and depression. The nonlinear relationship between SFAs and depression was assessed using restricted cubic spline (RCS). Results There was a significant difference in SFA 6.0 dietary intake between depression and non-depression individuals. After adjusting for potential confounders, multifactorial logistic regression results showed that SFA 8.0 (Q3 1.58 (1.09, 2.30), p-value = 0.017; Q4 1.55 (1.00, 2.42), p-value = 0.050) may increase the prevalence factor for depression, SFA 14.0 (Q3 0.67 (0.47, 0.94), p-value = 0.020) may decrease the risk of depression. There were sex and age differences in the effects of different subtypes of SFAs on depression. Dietary intake of SFA 12.0 content showed a nonlinear relationship with the risk of depression (p-value = 0.005). Furthermore, DII was recognized as a mediator of the association between SFAs and the risk of depression. Conclusion The findings suggest that dietary intake of SFAs is associated with the risk of depression in relation to the chain length of SFAs, and this may be due to the mediating effect of DII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijuan Qi
- Zhenyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingyang, Gansu, China
| | - Ruoyu Gou
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Grieneisen L, Hays A, Cook E, Blekhman R, Tecot S. Temporal patterns of gut microbiota in lemurs (Eulemur rubriventer) living in intact and disturbed habitats in a novel sample type. Am J Primatol 2024:e23656. [PMID: 38873762 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a plastic phenotype; gut microbial composition is highly variable across an individual host's lifetime and between host social groups, and this variation has consequences for host health. However, we do not yet fully understand how longitudinal microbial dynamics and their social drivers may be influenced by ecological stressors, such as habitat degradation. Answering these questions is difficult in most wild animal systems, as it requires long-term collections of matched host, microbiome, and environmental trait data. To test if temporal and social influences on microbiome composition differ by the history of human disturbance, we leveraged banked, desiccated fecal samples collected over 5 months in 2004 from two ecologically distinct populations of wild, red-bellied lemurs (Eulemur rubriventer) that are part of a long-term study system. We found that social group explained more variation in microbiome composition than host population membership did, and that temporal variation in common microbial taxa was similar between populations, despite differences in history of human disturbance. Furthermore, we found that social group membership and collection month were both more important than individual lemur identity. Taken together, our results suggest that synchronized environments use can lead to synchronized microbial dynamics over time, even between habitats of varying quality, and that desiccated samples could become a viable approach for studying primate gut microbiota. Our work opens the door for other projects to utilize historic biological sample data sets to answer novel temporal microbiome questions in an ecological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grieneisen
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia-Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Allison Hays
- Laboratory for the Evolutionary Endocrinology of Primates, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Erica Cook
- Laboratory for the Evolutionary Endocrinology of Primates, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ran Blekhman
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stacey Tecot
- Laboratory for the Evolutionary Endocrinology of Primates, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Lawrence DA, Jadhav A, Mondal TK, Carson K, Lee WT, Hogan AH, Herbst KW, Michelow IC, Brimacombe M, Salazar JC. Inflammatory and Autoimmune Aspects of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Prospective Cohort Study. Viruses 2024; 16:950. [PMID: 38932242 PMCID: PMC11209514 DOI: 10.3390/v16060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a potentially life-threatening complication of COVID-19. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to severe disease are poorly understood. This study leveraged clinical samples from a well-characterized cohort of children hospitalized with COVID-19 or MIS-C to compare immune-mediated biomarkers. Our objective was to identify selected immune molecules that could explain, in part, why certain SARS-CoV-2-infected children developed MIS-C. We hypothesized that type-2 helper T cell-mediated inflammation can elicit autoantibodies, which may account for some of the differences observed between the moderate-severe COVID-19 (COVID+) and MIS-C cohort. We enumerated blood leukocytes and measured levels of selected serum cytokines, chemokines, antibodies to COVID-19 antigens, and autoantibodies in children presenting to an academic medical center in Connecticut, United States. The neutrophil/lymphocyte and eosinophil/lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in those in the MIS-C versus COVID+ cohort. IgM and IgA, but not IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain were significantly higher in the MIS-C cohort than the COVID+ cohort. The serum levels of certain type-2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33) were significantly higher in children with MIS-C compared to the COVID+ and SARS-CoV-2-negative cohorts. IgG autoantibodies to brain antigens and pentraxin were higher in children with MIS-C compared to SARS-CoV-19-negative controls, and children with MIS-C had higher levels of IgG anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 (caspr2) compared to the COVID+ and SARS-CoV-19-negative controls. We speculate that autoimmune responses in certain COVID-19 patients may induce pathophysiological changes that lead to MIS-C. The triggers of autoimmunity and factors accounting for type-2 inflammation require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Aishwarya Jadhav
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - Tapan K. Mondal
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - Kyle Carson
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
| | - William T. Lee
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (A.J.); (T.K.M.); (K.C.); (W.T.L.)
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Alexander H. Hogan
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Katherine W. Herbst
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children’s Research Institute, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Ian C. Michelow
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| | - Michael Brimacombe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children’s Research Institute, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Juan C. Salazar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; (I.C.M.); (M.B.); (J.C.S.)
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children’s, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
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Xu M, Kiss AJ, Jones JA, McMurray MS, Shi H. Effect of oral tryptamines on the gut microbiome of rats-a preliminary study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17517. [PMID: 38846751 PMCID: PMC11155674 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psilocybin and related tryptamines have come into the spotlight in recent years as potential therapeutics for depression. Research on the mechanisms of these effects has historically focused on the direct effects of these drugs on neural processes. However, in addition to such neural effects, alterations in peripheral physiology may also contribute to their therapeutic effects. In particular, substantial support exists for a gut microbiome-mediated pathway for the antidepressant efficacy of other drug classes, but no prior studies have determined the effects of tryptamines on microbiota. Methods To address this gap, in this preliminary study, male Long Evans rats were treated with varying dosages of oral psilocybin (0.2 or 2 mg/kg), norbaeocystin (0.25 or 2.52 mg/kg), or vehicle and their fecal samples were collected 1 week and 3 weeks after exposure for microbiome analysis using integrated 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing to determine gut microbiome composition. Results We found that although treatment with neither psilocybin nor norbaeocystin significantly affected overall microbiome diversity, it did cause significant dose- and time-dependent changes in bacterial abundance at the phylum level, including increases in Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria, and decreases in Proteobacteria. Conclusion and Implications These preliminary findings support the idea that psilocybin and other tryptamines may act on the gut microbiome in a dose- and time-dependent manner, potentially identifying a novel peripheral mechanism for their antidepressant activity. The results from this preliminary study also suggest that norbaeocystin may warrant further investigation as a potential antidepressant, given the similarity of its effects to psilocybin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Xu
- Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Andor J. Kiss
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - J. Andrew Jones
- Chemical, Paper, and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | | | - Haifei Shi
- Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
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Guimond AJ, Ke S, Tworoger SS, Huang T, Chan AT, Kubzansky LD, Liu YY. Fulfilled Mind, Healthy Gut? Relationships of Eudaimonic Psychological Well-Being With the Gut Microbiome in Postmenopausal Women. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:398-409. [PMID: 38345311 PMCID: PMC11142870 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eudaimonic facets of psychological well-being (PWB), like purpose in life and sense of mastery, are associated with healthy aging. Variation in the gut microbiome may be one pathway by which mental health influences age-related health outcomes. However, associations between eudaimonic PWB and the gut microbiome are understudied. We examined whether purpose in life and sense of mastery, separately, were associated with features of the gut microbiome in older women. METHODS Participants were from the Mind-Body Study ( N = 206, mean age = 61 years), a substudy of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. In 2013, participants completed the Life Engagement Test and the Pearlin Mastery Scale. Three months later, up to two pairs of stool samples were collected, 6 months apart. Covariates included sociodemographics, depression, health status, and health behaviors. Analyses examined associations of PWB with gut microbiome taxonomic diversity, overall community structure, and specific species/pathways. To account for multiple testing, statistical significance was established using Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p values (i.e., q values ≤0.25). RESULTS We found no evidence of an association between PWB and gut microbiome alpha diversity. In multivariate analysis, higher purpose levels were significantly associated with lower abundance of species previously linked with poorer health outcomes, notably Blautia hydrogenotrophica and Eubacterium ventriosum ( q values ≤0.25). No significant associations were found between PWB and metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer early evidence suggesting that eudaimonic PWB is linked with variation in the gut microbiome, and this might be one pathway by which PWB promotes healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Josee Guimond
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shanlin Ke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yang-Yu Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling, The Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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de Lima AMDL, de Lima Rosa G, Guzzo EFM, Padilha RB, de Araujo MC, da Silva RC, Coitinho AS, Van Der Sand ST. Effect of prednisolone in a kindling model of epileptic seizures in rats on cytokine and intestinal microbiota diversity. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 155:109800. [PMID: 38657485 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures. Epileptic seizures can be initiated and facilitated by inflammatory mechanisms. As the dysregulation of the immune system would be involved in epileptogenesis, it is suggested that anti-inflammatory medications could impact epileptic seizures. These medications could potentially have a side effect by altering the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota. These changes can disrupt microbial homeostasis, leading to dysbiosis and potentially exacerbating intestinal inflammation. We hypothesize that prednisolone may affect the development of epileptic seizures, potentially influencing the diversity of the intestinal microbiota and the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in intestinal tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prednisolone treatment on epileptic seizures and investigate the effect of this drug on the bacterial diversity of the intestinal microbiota and markers of inflammatory processes in intestinal tissue. We used Male Wistar rat littermates (n = 31, 90-day-old) divided into four groups: positive control treated with 2 mg/kg of diazepam (n = 6), negative control treated with 0.9 g% sodium chloride (n = 6), and the remaining two groups were subjected to treatment with prednisolone, with one receiving 1 mg/kg (n = 9) and the other 5 mg/kg (n = 10). All administrations were performed intraperitoneally (i.p.) over 14 days. To induce the chronic model of epileptic seizures, we administered pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) 25 mg/kg i.p. on alternate days. Seizure latency (n = 6 - 10) and TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations from intestinal samples were measured by ELISA (n = 6 per group), and intestinal microbiota was evaluated with intergenic ribosomal RNA (rRNA) spacer (RISA) analysis (n = 6 per group). The prednisolone treatment demonstrated an increase in the latency time of epileptic seizures and TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations compared to controls. There was no statistically significant difference in intestinal microbiota diversity between the different treatments. However, there was a strong positive correlation between microbial diversity and TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations. The administration of prednisolone yields comparable results to diazepam on increasing latency between seizures, exhibiting promise for its use in clinical studies. Although there were no changes in intestinal microbial diversity, the increase in the TNF-α and IL-1β cytokines in intestinal tissue may be linked to immune system signaling pathways involving the intestinal microbiota. Additional research is necessary to unravel the intricacies of these pathways and to understand their implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Muliterno Domingues Lourenço de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Lima Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Edson Fernando Müller Guzzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Bremm Padilha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milena Conci de Araujo
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Simon Coitinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Teresinha Van Der Sand
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2.600, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Xv Y, Chen J, Lin J. Gut microbiota and functional dyspepsia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1377392. [PMID: 38881665 PMCID: PMC11176457 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1377392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have established that alterations in the gut microbiota (GM) constitute an embedded mechanism in functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the specific GM taxa implicated in the pathological process of FD have remained unclear. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was initially conducted to examine the causal relationships between GM and FD, utilizing GWAS data from the MiBioGen Consortium (18,340 cases) and FinnGenn (8,875 cases vs. 320,387 controls). The MR study primarily employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test for heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of causal GM taxa were mapped to genes, which were subsequently assessed for causal relationships with FD employing the same methodology. Results IVW results revealed that the genus Clostridium innocuum group (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.24, P = 0.020) and genus Ruminiclostridium 9 were positively associated with FD risk (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.57, P = 0.028), while the genus Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group tended to exert a negative effect on FD risk (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.98, P = 0.023). Among GM-related genes, a notable association was observed between RSRC1 and increased FD risk (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.20, P < 0.001). In sensitivity analyses, no significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity of the results was found. Conclusions This study furnished evidence for distinct effects of specific GM taxa on FD risk and hinted at a potential biological mechanism, thereby offering theoretical underpinning for future microbiotherapy of FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Xv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang S, Chen D, Ji X, Shen Q, Yu Y, Wu P, Tang G. Multi-omics unveils tryptophan metabolic pathway as a key pathway influencing residual feed intake in Duroc swine. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1403493. [PMID: 38868499 PMCID: PMC11168206 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1403493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The genetic trait of residual feed intake (RFI) holds considerable importance in the swine industry. Recent research indicates that the gut microbiota of pigs plays a pivotal role in the manifestation of the RFI trait. Nevertheless, the metabolic pathways involved in the functioning of these microorganisms remain elusive. Thus, based on the ranking of the RFI trait in Duroc pigs, the present study selected the top 10 and bottom 10 pigs as the experimental subjects. The distribution and metabolite differences of cecal microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. The low RFI cecal group was named LRC, and the high RFI cecal group was named HRC. The results indicate that the LRC group had lower RFI, feed conversion ratio (FCR), average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p < 0.001), and thinner backfat (p < 0.05) compared with the HRC group. We simultaneously recorded the foraging behavior as well, the LRC group had a significant increase in total time spent at the feeder per day (TPD) (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in average feed intake per mins (AFI) and the number of visits to the feeder per day (NVD) compared to the HRC group (p < 0.001). Clostridium_XVIII, Bulleidia, and Intestinimonas were significantly enriched in the LRC group (p < 0.01), while Sutterella, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides were significantly increased in the HRC group (p < 0.01). In the metabolome, we detected 390 (248 metabolites up and 142 down in the LRC compared with HRC), and 200 (97 metabolites up and 103 down in the LRC compared with HRC) differential metabolites in positive and negative ionization modes. The comprehensive analysis found that in the LRC group, Escherichia and Eubacterium in the gut may increase serotonin content, respectively. Bacteroides may deplete serotonin. We suggest that the RFI may be partly achieved through tryptophan metabolism in gut microbes. In individuals with low RFI, gut microbes may enhance feed efficiency by enhancing host synthesis and metabolism of tryptophan-related metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingxian Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Averina OV, Poluektova EU, Zorkina YA, Kovtun AS, Danilenko VN. Human Gut Microbiota for Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5782. [PMID: 38891970 PMCID: PMC11171505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, depressive disorder is spreading rapidly all over the world. Therefore, attention to the studies of the pathogenesis of the disease in order to find novel ways of early diagnosis and treatment is increasing among the scientific and medical communities. Special attention is drawn to a biomarker and therapeutic strategy through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is known that the symbiotic interactions between the gut microbes and the host can affect mental health. The review analyzes the mechanisms and ways of action of the gut microbiota on the pathophysiology of depression. The possibility of using knowledge about the taxonomic composition and metabolic profile of the microbiota of patients with depression to select gene compositions (metagenomic signature) as biomarkers of the disease is evaluated. The use of in silico technologies (machine learning) for the diagnosis of depression based on the biomarkers of the gut microbiota is given. Alternative approaches to the treatment of depression are being considered by balancing the microbial composition through dietary modifications and the use of additives, namely probiotics, postbiotics (including vesicles) and prebiotics as psychobiotics, and fecal transplantation. The bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is under consideration as a promising new-generation probiotic and auxiliary diagnostic biomarker of depression. The analysis conducted in this review may be useful for clinical practice and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Averina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 119333 Moscow, Russia; (E.U.P.); (Y.A.Z.); (A.S.K.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Elena U. Poluektova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 119333 Moscow, Russia; (E.U.P.); (Y.A.Z.); (A.S.K.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Yana A. Zorkina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 119333 Moscow, Russia; (E.U.P.); (Y.A.Z.); (A.S.K.); (V.N.D.)
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Kovtun
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 119333 Moscow, Russia; (E.U.P.); (Y.A.Z.); (A.S.K.); (V.N.D.)
| | - Valery N. Danilenko
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 119333 Moscow, Russia; (E.U.P.); (Y.A.Z.); (A.S.K.); (V.N.D.)
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42
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Chaudhary PP, Kaur M, Myles IA. Does "all disease begin in the gut"? The gut-organ cross talk in the microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:339. [PMID: 38771520 PMCID: PMC11108886 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the body, plays pivotal roles in health and disease. This review explores site-specific microbiomes, their role in maintaining health, and strategies for their upkeep, focusing on oral, lung, vaginal, skin, and gut microbiota, and their systemic connections. Understanding the intricate relationships between these microbial communities is crucial for unraveling mechanisms underlying human health. Recent research highlights bidirectional communication between the gut and distant microbiome sites, influencing immune function, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Alterations in one microbiome can impact others, emphasizing their interconnectedness and collective influence on human physiology. The therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in modulating distant microbiomes offers promising avenues for interventions targeting various disorders. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancements, we can harness the power of the microbiome to revolutionize healthcare, emphasizing microbiome-centric approaches to promote holistic well-being while identifying areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prashant Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mahaldeep Kaur
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ian A Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Li G, Hou Y, Zhang C, Zhou X, Bao F, Yang Y, Chen L, Yu D. Interplay Between Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Overview. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 18:101355. [PMID: 38729523 PMCID: PMC11260867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury is a prevalent severe adverse event in clinical settings, leading to increased medical burdens for patients and presenting challenges for the development and commercialization of novel pharmaceuticals. Research has revealed a close association between gut microbiota and drug-induced liver injury in recent years. However, there has yet to be a consensus on the specific mechanism by which gut microbiota is involved in drug-induced liver injury. Gut microbiota may contribute to drug-induced liver injury by increasing intestinal permeability, disrupting intestinal metabolite homeostasis, and promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. Alterations in gut microbiota were found in drug-induced liver injury caused by antibiotics, psychotropic drugs, acetaminophen, antituberculosis drugs, and antithyroid drugs. Specific gut microbiota and their abundance are associated closely with the severity of drug-induced liver injury. Therefore, gut microbiota is expected to be a new target for the treatment of drug-induced liver injury. This review focuses on the association of gut microbiota with common hepatotoxic drugs and the potential mechanisms by which gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury, providing a more comprehensive reference for the interaction between drug-induced liver injury and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifu Hou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Organ Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changji Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoshi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Furong Bao
- Department of Nursing, Guanghan People's Hospital, Guanghan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Department of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dongke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Feng H, Hu X, Lin Y, Xiao J, Dai C, Hu Z, Feng H, Qin J, Chen L. Dexmedetomidine attenuates acute stress-impaired learning and memory in mice by maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal flora. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:271. [PMID: 38711117 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been used in surgery to improve patients' postoperative cognitive function. However, the role of Dex in stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairment is still unclear. In this study, we tested the role of Dex in anxiety-like behavior and cognitive impairment induced by acute restrictive stress and analyzed the alterations of the intestinal flora to explore the possible mechanism. Behavioral and cognitive tests, including open field test, elevated plus-maze test, novel object recognition test, and Barnes maze test, were performed. Intestinal gut Microbe 16S rRNA sequencing was analyzed. We found that intraperitoneal injection of Dex significantly improved acute restrictive stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, recognition, and memory impairment. After habituation in the environment, mice (male, 8 weeks, 18-23 g) were randomly divided into a control group (control, N = 10), dexmedetomidine group (Dex, N = 10), AS with normal saline group (AS + NS, N = 10) and AS with dexmedetomidine group (AS + Dex, N = 10). By the analysis of intestinal flora, we found that acute stress caused intestinal flora disorder in mice. Dex intervention changed the composition of the intestinal flora of acute stress mice, stabilized the ecology of the intestinal flora, and significantly increased the levels of Blautia (A genus of anaerobic bacteria) and Coprobacillus. These findings suggest that Dex attenuates acute stress-impaired learning and memory in mice by maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizi Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingni Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Ren-Min Central Road, Changsha City, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, No. 161 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.108 Wansong Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, People's Republic of China.
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Mulder RH, Kraaij R, Schuurmans IK, Frances-Cuesta C, Sanz Y, Medina-Gomez C, Duijts L, Rivadeneira F, Tiemeier H, Jaddoe VWV, Felix JF, Cecil CAM. Early-life stress and the gut microbiome: A comprehensive population-based investigation. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:117-127. [PMID: 38402916 PMCID: PMC7615798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress (ELS) has been robustly associated with a range of poor mental and physical health outcomes. Recent studies implicate the gut microbiome in stress-related mental, cardio-metabolic and immune health problems, but research on humans is scarce and thus far often based on small, selected samples, often using retrospective reports of ELS. We examined associations between ELS and the human gut microbiome in a large, population-based study of children. ELS was measured prospectively from birth to 10 years of age in 2,004 children from the Generation R Study. We studied overall ELS, as well as unique effects of five different ELS domains, including life events, contextual risk, parental risk, interpersonal risk, and direct victimization. Stool microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing at age 10 years and data were analyzed at multiple levels (i.e. α- and β-diversity indices, individual genera and predicted functional pathways). In addition, we explored potential mediators of ELS-microbiome associations, including diet at age 8 and body mass index at 10 years. While no associations were observed between overall ELS (composite score of five domains) and the microbiome after multiple testing correction, contextual risk - a specific ELS domain related to socio-economic stress, including risk factors such as financial difficulties and low maternal education - was significantly associated with microbiome variability. This ELS domain was associated with lower α-diversity, with β-diversity, and with predicted functional pathways involved, amongst others, in tryptophan biosynthesis. These associations were in part mediated by overall diet quality, a pro-inflammatory diet, fiber intake, and body mass index (BMI). These results suggest that stress related to socio-economic adversity - but not overall early life stress - is associated with a less diverse microbiome in the general population, and that this association may in part be explained by poorer diet and higher BMI. Future research is needed to test causality and to establish whether modifiable factors such as diet could be used to mitigate the negative effects of socio-economic adversity on the microbiome and related health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa H Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Isabel K Schuurmans
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Carlos Frances-Cuesta
- Microbiome, Nutrition & Health Research Unit. Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbiome, Nutrition & Health Research Unit. Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Charlotte A M Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Cui J, Wang S, Zhai Z, Song X, Qiu T, Yu L, Zhai Q, Zhang H. Induction of autism-related behavior in male mice by early-life vitamin D deficiency: association with disruption of the gut microbial composition and homeostasis. Food Funct 2024; 15:4338-4353. [PMID: 38533674 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00279b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) during early life emerges as a potential risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with autism commonly exhibit lower vitamin D (VD) levels compared to the general population, and VD deficiency is prevalent during pregnancy and lactation. Moreover, gastrointestinal comorbidity, prevalent in ASD patients, correlates closely with disruptions in the gut microbiota and altered intestinal permeability. Therefore, it is fascinating and significant to explore the effects of maternal VD deficiency during pregnancy and lactation on the maturation of the gut microbiota of the offspring and its relevance to autism spectrum disorders. In this study, we established maternal pregnancy and lactation VD-deficient mouse models, employed shotgun macrogenomic sequencing to unveil alterations in the gut microbiome of offspring mice, and observed autism-related behaviours. Furthermore, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) reversed repetitive and anxious behaviours and alleviated social deficits in offspring mice by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing short-chain fatty acid levels in the cecum, along with influencing the concentrations of claudin-1 and occludin in the colon. Our findings confirm that VDD during pregnancy and lactation is a risk factor for autism in the offspring, with disturbances in the structure and function of the offspring's gut microbiota contributing at least part of the effect. The study emphasises the importance of nutrition and gut health early in life. Simultaneously, this study further demonstrates the effect of VDD on ASD and provides potential ideas for early prevention and intervention of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Shumin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zidan Zhai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Song
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Ting Qiu
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University/Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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White AR. The firestorm within: A narrative review of extreme heat and wildfire smoke effects on brain health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171239. [PMID: 38417511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is generating increased heatwaves and wildfires across much of the world. With these escalating environmental changes comes greater impacts on human health leading to increased numbers of people suffering from heat- and wildfire smoke-associated respiratory and cardiovascular impairment. One area of health impact of climate change that has received far less attention is the effects of extreme heat and wildfire smoke exposure on human brain health. As elevated temperatures, and wildfire-associated smoke, are increasingly experienced simultaneously over summer periods, understanding this combined impact is critical to management of human health especially in the elderly, and people with dementia, and other neurological disorders. Both extreme heat and wildfire smoke air pollution (especially particulate matter, PM) induce neuroinflammatory and cerebrovascular effects, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment, however the combined effect of these impacts are not well understood. In this narrative review, a comprehensive examination of extreme heat and wildfire smoke impact on human brain health is presented, with a focus on how these factors contribute to cognitive impairment, and dementia, one of the leading health issues today. Also discussed is the potential impact of combined heat and wildfire smoke on brain health, and where future efforts should be applied to help advance knowledge in this rapidly growing and critical field of health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R White
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia.
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48
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Al-Fakhrany OM, Elekhnawy E. Next-generation probiotics: the upcoming biotherapeutics. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:505. [PMID: 38619680 PMCID: PMC11018693 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent and continuing advances in gut microbiome research have pointed out the role of the gut microbiota as an unexplored source of potentially beneficial probiotic microbes. Along the lines of these advances, both public awareness and acceptance of probiotics are increasing. That's why; academic and industrial research is dedicated to identifying and investigating new microbial strains for the development of next-generation probiotics (NGPs). At this time, there is a growing interest in NGPs as biotherapeutics that alter the gut microbiome and affect various diseases development. In this work, we have focused on some emergent and promising NGPs, specifically Eubacterium hallii, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia spp., Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bacteroides fragilis, as their presence in the gut can have an impact on the development of various diseases. Emerging studies point out the beneficial roles of these NGPs and open up novel promising therapeutic options. Interestingly, these NGPs were found to enhance gastrointestinal immunity, enhance immunotherapy efficacy in cancer patients, retain the intestinal barrier integrity, generate valuable metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids, and decrease complications of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although many of these NGPs are considered promising for the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases, research on humans is still lacking. Therefore, approval of these microbes from regulatory agencies is rare. Besides, some issues limit their wide use in the market, such as suitable methods for the culture and storage of these oxygen-sensitive microbes. The present review goes over the main points related to NGPs and gives a viewpoint on the key issues that still hinder their wide application. Furthermore, we have focused on the advancement in NGPs and human healthiness investigations by clarifying the limitations of traditional probiotic microorganisms, discussing the characteristics of emerging NGPs and defining their role in the management of certain ailments. Future research should emphasize the isolation, mechanisms of action of these probiotics, safety, and clinical efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Momtaz Al-Fakhrany
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Qu B, Zhang XE, Feng H, Yan B, Bai Y, Liu S, He Y. Microbial perspective on the skin-gut axis and atopic dermatitis. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220782. [PMID: 38623584 PMCID: PMC11017189 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing inflammatory skin condition that has become a global health issue with complex etiology and mounting prevalence. The association of AD with skin and gut microbiota has been revealed by virtue of the continuous development of sequencing technology and genomics analysis. Also, the gut-brain-skin axis and its mutual crosstalk mechanisms have been gradually verified. Accordingly, the microbiota-skin-gut axis also plays an important role in allergic skin inflammation. Herein, we reviewed the relationship between the microbiota-skin-gut axis and AD, explored the underlying signaling molecules and potential pathways, and focused on the potential mechanisms of probiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), coagulase-negative staphylococci transplantation, fecal microbiota transplantation, AMPs, and addition of essential fatty acids in alleviating AD, with the aim to provide a new perspective for targeting microbiota in the treatment of allergic skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xue-er Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Haoyue Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Bonan Yan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Bai
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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50
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Proietti E, Rapallo F, Molinari E, Mucci V, Marinelli L, Borgarelli C, Burlando B, Pisciotta L, Demori I. Online Questionnaire with Fibromyalgia Patients Shows Negative Correlations between Disease Severity and Adherence to Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:1078. [PMID: 38613111 PMCID: PMC11013287 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a multidimensional disorder in which intense chronic pain is accompanied by a variety of psychophysical symptoms that impose a burden on the patients' quality of life. Despite the efforts and the recent advancement in research, FM pathogenesis and effective treatment remain unknown. Recently, the possible role of dietary patterns and/or components has been gaining attention. The current study aimed to investigate a potential correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and FM severity in a sample of Italian FM patients. An online survey was designed, composed of customized questions and validated questionnaires with the aim of investigating the intensity and type of pain, the presence of other psychophysical symptoms, the overall impact of FM, general food and lifestyle habits, and adherence to the MedDiet. The collected responses were analyzed for descriptive statistics, linear regression, and propensity score analyses. The results show that, despite considerable use of pharmaceuticals and supplements, FM participants suffered from a high-severity grade disease. However, those with good adherence to the MedDiet experienced a lower pain intensity and overall FM impact. A propensity score analysis indicates a positive influence of the MedDiet against FM severity, thus unveiling the need for well-designed intervention studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of different dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Proietti
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.P.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Fabio Rapallo
- Department of Economics (DIEC), University of Genova, Via Vivaldi, 5, 16126 Genova, Italy;
| | - Elena Molinari
- Clincal Psychology Center, Division of Neurology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Via Mura delle Cappuccine 14, 16128 Genova, Italy;
| | - Viviana Mucci
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia;
| | - Lucio Marinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Largo P. Daneo 3, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Department of Neuroscience, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Consuelo Borgarelli
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.P.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.P.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Department of Internal Medicine, Operative Unit of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy;
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