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Zhao H, Xu J, Zhong Y, He S, Hao Z, Zhang B, Liu Z, Zhou X. Mammary hydroxylated oestrogen activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in tumor-associated macrophages to promote breast cancer progression and metastasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113034. [PMID: 39226826 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains one of the primary causes of cancer-related death. An imbalance of oestrogen homeostasis and an inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) are vital risk factors for the progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Here, we showed that oestrogen homeostasis was disrupted both in breast cancer patients and in a transgenic MMTV-PyMT mouse model of breast cancer, and significant levels of hydroxylated oestrogen accumulated in the mammary tissues of these patients and mice. We also observed that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were the main population of immune cells present in the breast TME. TAM-dependent tumor metastasis could be triggered by hydroxylated oestrogen via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. Mechanistically, TAM-derived inflammatory cytokines induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in breast tumor cells, leading to breast tumor invasion and metastasis. Conceptually, our study reveals a previously unknown role of hydroxylated oestrogen in the reprogramming of the TME via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in TAMs, which ultimately facilitates breast cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210017 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China
| | - Ya'nan Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China
| | - Shiqing He
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, 221009 Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China.
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 221004 Xuzhou, China.
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Dellalibera-Joviliano R, Garcia ME, Marins M, Fachin ALÚ, Couto LB, Mesquita E, Komoto TT, Silva G, Neto WC, Orlando L, Durand M, França SC, Bestetti RB. Interleukin-12 treatment reduces tumor growth and modulates the expression of CASKA and MIR-203 in athymic mice bearing tumors induced by the HGC-27 gastric cancer cell line. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 263:155625. [PMID: 39393266 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system and due to its poor prognosis, there is an increase in the demand for more effective anticancer therapies. Interleukins are potential anticancer agents which can modulate expression of cancer related genes and have therapeutic effects. Interleukin 12 (IL-12) exhibits potent anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activities and represents the ideal candidate for tumor immunotherapy, due to its ability to activate both innate and adaptive immunities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of IL-12 administration on GC tumor growth induced in the cancer xenograft nude mouse model. Tumor development was analyzed weekly and after 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed for cytokine analysis (IL-4, TNF-alfa, IL-2, INF-gamma, IL-12, IL-10, TGF-beta) by ELISA. The tumor cells in the implanted areas of the animals that developed solid growth of the tumor (anatomopathological analysis was performed). We have also evaluated CASK and miR203 expression, two related cell invasion factors, in the induced tumors after administration of 6 n/kg IL-12. The development of tumor masses was observed in all groups of animals inoculated with HGC-27 neoplastic cells. In animals treated with 6 n/kg IL-12, there was no tumor development confirmed by anatomopathological analysis. Changes in the levels of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were also observed. Our results indicated that miR203 expression was elevated while CASK was downregulated. These results suggest that IL-12 treatment repress the tumor growth by induction of miR203 expression which in turn repress CASK expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo E Garcia
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil.
| | - Mozart Marins
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil; Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Ana L Úcia Fachin
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil; Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Lucélio B Couto
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Edgar Mesquita
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil; Syrian Lebanese Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana T Komoto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Walter Campos Neto
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Orlando
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Marina Durand
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Suzelei C França
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo B Bestetti
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, Ribeirão Preto, SP 2201, Brazil
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Zhang XC, Zhou YW, Wei GX, Luo YQ, Qiu M. Locoregional therapies combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors for liver metastases. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:302. [PMID: 39217341 PMCID: PMC11365172 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have achieved remarkable success in clinical research and practice. Notably, liver metastasis is not sensitive to ICIs. Liver locoregional therapies can cause irreversible damage to tumor cells and release tumor antigens, thereby providing a rationale for immunotherapy treatments in liver metastasis. The combination therapy of ICIs with locoregional therapies is a promising option for patients with liver metastasis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that combining ICIs with locoregional therapies produces a significantly synergistic anti-tumor effect. However, the current evidence for the efficacy of ICIs combined with locoregional therapies remains insufficient. Therefore, we review the literature on the mechanisms of locoregional therapies in treating liver metastasis and the clinical research progress of their combination with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Chen Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Gui-Xia Wei
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Qiao Luo
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Department of Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Kang Q, He L, Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Tan W. Immune-inflammatory modulation by natural products derived from edible and medicinal herbs used in Chinese classical prescriptions. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155684. [PMID: 38788391 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible and medicinal herbs1 (EMHs) refer to a class of substances with dual attribution of food and medicine. These substances are traditionally used as food and also listed in many international pharmacopoeias, including the European Pharmacopoeia, the United States Pharmacopoeia, and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Some classical formulas that are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine include a series of EMHs, which have been shown to be effective with obvious characteristics and advantages. Notably, these EMHs and Chinese classical prescriptions2 (CCPs) have also attracted attention in international herbal medicine research because of their low toxicity and high efficiency as well as the rich body of experience for their long-term clinical use. PURPOSE Our purpose is to explore the potential therapeutic effect of EMHs with immune-inflammatory modulation for the study of modern cancer drugs. STUDY DESIGN In the present study, we present a detailed account of some EMHs used in CCPs that have shown considerable research potential in studies exploring modern drugs with immune-inflammatory modulation. METHODS Approximately 500 publications in the past 30 years were collected from PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using the keywords, such as natural products, edible and medicinal herbs, Chinese medicine, classical prescription, immune-inflammatory, tumor microenvironment and some related synonyms. The active ingredients instead of herbal extracts or botanical mixtures were focused on and the research conducted over the past decade were discussed emphatically and analyzed comprehensively. RESULTS More than ten natural products derived from EMHs used in CCPs are discussed and their immune-inflammatory modulation activities, including enhancing antitumor immunity, regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, lowering the proportion of immunosuppressive cells, inhibiting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, immunosuppressive factors, and inflammatory mediators, are summarized. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the immune-inflammatory modulating role of those EMHs used in CCPs and provide new ideas for cancer treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianming Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Rosati M, Terpos E, Homan P, Bergamaschi C, Karaliota S, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Devasundaram S, Bear J, Burns R, Bagratuni T, Trougakos IP, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Rapid transient and longer-lasting innate cytokine changes associated with adaptive immunity after repeated SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1292568. [PMID: 38090597 PMCID: PMC10711274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytokines and chemokines play an important role in shaping innate and adaptive immunity in response to infection and vaccination. Systems serology identified immunological parameters predictive of beneficial response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in COVID-19 infection-naïve volunteers, COVID-19 convalescent patients and transplant patients with hematological malignancies. Here, we examined the dynamics of the serum cytokine/chemokine responses after the 3rd BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in a cohort of COVID-19 infection-naïve volunteers. Methods We measured serum cytokine and chemokine responses after the 3rd dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNtech) vaccine in COVID-19 infection-naïve individuals by a chemiluminescent assay and ELISA. Anti-Spike binding antibodies were measured by ELISA. Anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies were measured by a pseudotype assay. Results Comparison to responses found after the 1st and 2nd vaccinations showed persistence of the coordinated responses of several cytokine/chemokines including the previously identified rapid and transient IL-15, IFN-γ, CXCL10/IP-10, TNF-α, IL-6 signature. In contrast to the transient (24hrs) effect of the IL-15 signature, an inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine signature (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-1Ra) remained at higher levels up to one month after the 2nd and 3rd booster vaccinations, indicative of a state of longer-lasting innate immune change. We also identified a systemic transient increase of CXCL13 only after the 3rd vaccination, supporting stronger germinal center activity and the higher anti-Spike antibody responses. Changes of the IL-15 signature, and the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine profile correlated with neutralizing antibody levels also after the 3rd vaccination supporting their role as immune biomarkers for effective development of vaccine-induced humoral responses. Conclusion These data revealed that repeated SARS-Cov-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination induces both rapid transient as well as longer-lasting systemic serum cytokine changes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04743388.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Rosati
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Philip Homan
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Cristina Bergamaschi
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Sevasti Karaliota
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Santhi Devasundaram
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Jenifer Bear
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Robert Burns
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Tina Bagratuni
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios A. Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George N. Pavlakis
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Barbara K. Felber
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
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Domínguez-Cejudo MA, Gil-Torralvo A, Cejuela M, Molina-Pinelo S, Salvador Bofill J. Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer: Prognostic and Predictive Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16771. [PMID: 38069096 PMCID: PMC10706312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent tumors among women. Its prognosis and treatment outcomes depend on factors related to tumor cell biology. However, recent studies have revealed the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the development, progression, and treatment response of breast cancer. In this review, we explore the different components of the TME and their relevance as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer. In addition, techniques for assessing the tumor microenvironment, such as immunohistochemistry or gene expression profiling, and their clinical utility in therapeutic decision-making are examined. Finally, therapeutic strategies targeting the TME are reviewed, highlighting their potential clinical benefits. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of the TME in breast cancer and its potential as a clinical tool for better patient stratification and the design of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A. Domínguez-Cejudo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain (S.M.-P.)
- Andalusian—Roche Network Mixed Alliance in Precision Medical Oncology, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Gil-Torralvo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain (S.M.-P.)
- Andalusian—Roche Network Mixed Alliance in Precision Medical Oncology, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Mónica Cejuela
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain (S.M.-P.)
- Andalusian—Roche Network Mixed Alliance in Precision Medical Oncology, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Salvador Bofill
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain (S.M.-P.)
- Andalusian—Roche Network Mixed Alliance in Precision Medical Oncology, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Zajac KK, Malla S, Babu RJ, Raman D, Tiwari AK. Ethnic disparities in the immune microenvironment of triple negative breast cancer and its role in therapeutic outcomes. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6 Suppl 1:e1779. [PMID: 36632988 PMCID: PMC10440847 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) cases surpassed that of lung cancer among women, making it the most common female cancer globally. In spite of recent increases in incidence rates, mortality due to BC has declined since 1989. These declines have been attributed to advancements in treatment modalities as well as increased mammography surveillance. Despite these advances, African American (AA) women are 40% more likely to die from BC than Caucasian women. Multifactorial etiology has been implicated in the disparity of BC mortality rates among AA women. As an example, AA women have a disproportionate incidence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has a poor prognosis and marginal treatment options. Increasingly, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has gained relevance as it relates to primary tumor progression, metastasis and treatment possibilities. The treatment outcomes or pathological complete response (pCR) in TNBC among AA women are affected by differences in TME. The TME of AA women exhibit several variances in acellular and cellular components associated with pro-tumorigenic effects. For example, increased levels of the adipocyte-related hormone, resistin, the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, and the CC chemokine, CCL2, within the TME of AA women gives rise to an increased density of M2 macrophages, also known as tumor-associated macrophages. Elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the TME of AA women increase the vascular density or vascularity, which facilitate aggressive tumor growth and metastasis. Furthermore, a pro-tumorigenic TME is supported by increased levels of the CXC chemokine, CXCL12 that results in the recruitment of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs ). Due to these and other differences in the TME of AA women, precision oncology can target specific aspects of the TME that may contribute to a poorer prognosis. In addition to the discrepancies in the TME, AA women face socio-economic barriers that limit their ability to access state-of-the-art, novel therapies against metastatic TNBC. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of the tumor immune microenvironment, immune-based treatment options for TNBC and their potential to decrease health disparities due to ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsee K. Zajac
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - Saloni Malla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - Ramapuram Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of PharmacyAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhioUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsThe University of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
- Department of Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhioUSA
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Pan D, Li Z, Lin X, Li L. Transcriptome sequencing and miRNA-mRNA network construction in exosome of macrophage M2 in stomach adenocarcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:193. [PMID: 37370118 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the most common histological type of gastric cancer (GC). Macrophages are an essential part of the tumor microenvironment. We attempted to search for potential molecular markers associated with macrophages, which might be helpful for STAD diagnosis and treatment. METHODS Firstly, exosome in macrophages was extracted for RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) (DEmiRNAs). Then, DEmiRNAs and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The miRNAs related to macrophage M2 polarization were obtained by intersecting the DEmiRNAs obtained from the sequencing data and TCGA data. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient method, the mRNAs significantly related to macrophage M2 were screened out, followed by construction of the macrophage M2-miRNA-mRNA network. Subsequently, real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and online datasets were applied to validate the expression of DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs. RESULTS A total of 6 DEmiRNAs were identified in RNA sequencing; 59 DEmiRNAs and 1838 DEmRNAs were identified in TCGA database. Among which, a common miRNA (hsa-miR-133a-3p) associated with the M2 polarization of macrophages was identified. Fifteen common mRNAs were obtained between DEmRNAs and mRNAs targeted by DEmiRNAs. Eventually, a core macrophage M2-1 down-regulated miRNA-7 and up-regulated mRNAs network was constructed, including hsa-miR-133a-3p, SLC39A1, TTYH3, HAVCR2, TPM3, XPO1, POU2F1, and MMP14. The expression of miRNA and mRNAs was in line with the validation results of RT-PCR and online datasets. CONCLUSION In this study, the screening of biomarkers in exosome of macrophage M2 may contribute to the prognosis of STAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Fujian Research Institute of Abdominal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Fujian Research Institute of Abdominal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China
- Fujian Research Institute of Abdominal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Liangqing Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, Fujian Province, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, China.
- Fujian Research Institute of Abdominal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
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Fang W, Yang M, Liu M, Jin Y, Wang Y, Yang R, Wang Y, Zhang K, Fu Q. Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1700. [PMID: 37376148 PMCID: PMC10302687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of biological tissues in medicine is challenging, and 3D bioprinting offers an innovative way to create functional multicellular tissues. One common way in bioprinting is bioink, which is one type of the cell-loaded hydrogel. For clinical application, however, the bioprinting still suffers from satisfactory performance, e.g., in vascularization, effective antibacterial, immunomodulation, and regulation of collagen deposition. Many studies incorporated different bioactive materials into the 3D-printed scaffolds to optimize the bioprinting. Here, we reviewed a variety of additives added to the 3D bioprinting hydrogel. The underlying mechanisms and methodology for biological regeneration are important and will provide a useful basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaile Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
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10
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Wilton J, de Mendonça FL, Pereira-Castro I, Tellier M, Nojima T, Costa AM, Freitas J, Murphy S, Oliveira MJ, Proudfoot NJ, Moreira A. Pro-inflammatory polarization and colorectal cancer modulate alternative and intronic polyadenylation in primary human macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182525. [PMID: 37359548 PMCID: PMC10286830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages are essential cells of the immune system that alter their inflammatory profile depending on their microenvironment. Alternative polyadenylation in the 3'UTR (3'UTR-APA) and intronic polyadenylation (IPA) are mechanisms that modulate gene expression, particularly in cancer and activated immune cells. Yet, how polarization and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells affect 3'UTR-APA and IPA in primary human macrophages was unclear. Methods In this study, we isolated primary human monocytes from healthy donors, differentiated and polarized them into a pro-inflammatory state and performed indirect co-cultures with CRC cells. ChrRNA-Seq and 3'RNA-Seq was performed to quantify gene expression and characterize new 3'UTR-APA and IPA mRNA isoforms. Results Our results show that polarization of human macrophages from naïve to a pro-inflammatory state causes a marked increase of proximal polyA site selection in the 3'UTR and IPA events in genes relevant to macrophage functions. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between differential gene expression and IPA during pro-inflammatory polarization of primary human macrophages. As macrophages are abundant immune cells in the CRC microenvironment that either promote or abrogate cancer progression, we investigated how indirect exposure to CRC cells affects macrophage gene expression and 3'UTR-APA and IPA events. Co-culture with CRC cells alters the inflammatory phenotype of macrophages, increases the expression of pro-tumoral genes and induces 3'UTR-APA alterations. Notably, some of these gene expression differences were also found in tumor-associated macrophages of CRC patients, indicating that they are physiologically relevant. Upon macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization, SRSF12 is the pre-mRNA processing gene that is most upregulated. After SRSF12 knockdown in M1 macrophages there is a global downregulation of gene expression, in particular in genes involved in gene expression regulation and in immune responses. Discussion Our results reveal new 3'UTR-APA and IPA mRNA isoforms produced during pro-inflammatory polarization of primary human macrophages and CRC co-culture that may be used in the future as diagnostic or therapeutic tools. Furthermore, our results highlight a function for SRSF12 in pro-inflammatory macrophages, key cells in the tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Wilton
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA) PhD Program, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Gene Regulation - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes de Mendonça
- Gene Regulation - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pereira-Castro
- Gene Regulation - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Michael Tellier
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Takayuki Nojima
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Angela M. Costa
- Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaime Freitas
- Gene Regulation - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shona Murphy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Jose Oliveira
- Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Alexandra Moreira
- Gene Regulation - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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11
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A Hypoxia Molecular Signature-Based Prognostic Model for Endometrial Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021675. [PMID: 36675190 PMCID: PMC9866886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer has the highest incidence of uterine corpus cancer, the sixth most typical cancer in women until 2020. High recurrence rate and frequent adverse events were reported in either standard chemotherapy or combined therapy. Hence, developing precise diagnostic and prognostic approaches for endometrial cancer was on demand. Four hypoxia-related genes were screened for the EC prognostic model by the univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analysis from the TCGA dataset. QT-PCR and functional annotation analysis were performed. Associations between predicted risk and immunotherapy and chemotherapy responses were investigated by evaluating expressions of immune checkpoint inhibitors, infiltrated immune cells, m6a regulators, and drug sensitivity. The ROC curve and calibration plot indicated a fair predictability of our prognostic nomogram model. NR3C1 amplification, along with IL-6 and SRPX suppressions, were detected in tumor. High stromal score and enriched infiltrated aDCs and B cells in the high-risk group supported the hypothesis of immune-deserted tumor. Hypoxia-related molecular subtypes of EC were then identified via the gene signature. Cluster 2 patients showed a significant sensitivity to Vinblastine. In summary, our hypoxia signature model accurately predicted the survival outcome of EC patients and assessed translational and transcriptional dysregulations to explore targets for precise medical treatment.
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12
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Upregulation of APOC1 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression and Serves as a Potential Therapeutic Target Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:2611105. [PMID: 36908705 PMCID: PMC9995190 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2611105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Approximately 10% of cancer patients worldwide have colorectal cancer (CRC), a prevalent gastrointestinal malignancy with substantial mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this work was to investigate the APOC1 gene's expression patterns in the CRC tumor microenvironment and, using the findings from bioinformatics, to assess the biological function of APOC1 in the development of CRC. Methods The TCGA portal was employed in this investigation to find APOC1 expression in CRC. Its correlation with other genes and clinicopathological data was examined using the UALCAN database. To validate APOC1's cellular location, the Human Protein was employed. In order to forecast the relationship between APOC1 expression and prognosis in CRC patients, the Kaplan-Meier plotter database was used. TISIDB was also employed to evaluate the connection between immune responses and APOC1 expression in CRC. The interactions of APOC1 with other proteins were predicted using STRING. In order to understand the factors that contribute to liver metastasis from CRC, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was done on one patient who had the disease. This procedure included sampling preoperative blood and the main colorectal cancer tissues, surrounding colorectal cancer normal tissues, liver metastatic cancer tissues, and normal liver tissues. Finally, an in vitro knockdown method was used to assess how APOC1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affected CRC cancer cell growth and migration. Results When compared to paracancerous tissues, APOC1 expression was considerably higher in CRC tissues. The clinicopathological stage and the prognosis of CRC patients had a positive correlation with APOC1 upregulation and a negative correlation, respectively. APOC1 proteins are mostly found in cell cytosols where they may interact with APOE, RAB42, and TREM2. APOC1 was also discovered to have a substantial relationship with immunoinhibitors (CD274, IDO1, and IL10) and immunostimulators (PVR, CD86, and ICOS). According to the results of scRNA-seq, we found that TAMs of CRC tissues had considerably more APOC1 than other cell groups. The proliferation and migration of CRC cells were impeded in vitro by APOC1 knockdown in TAMs. Conclusion Based on scRNA-seq research, the current study shows that APOC1 was overexpressed in TAMs from CRC tissues. By inhibiting APOC1 in TAMs, CRC progression was reduced in vitro, offering a new tactic and giving CRC patients fresh hope.
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13
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Glover A, Zhang Z, Shannon-Lowe C. Deciphering the roles of myeloid derived suppressor cells in viral oncogenesis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161848. [PMID: 37033972 PMCID: PMC10076641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenous population of myeloid cells derived from monocyte and granulocyte precursors. They are pathologically expanded in conditions of ongoing inflammation where they function to suppress both innate and adaptive immunity. They are subdivided into three distinct subsets: monocytic (M-) MDSC, polymorphonuclear (or neutrophilic) (PMN-) MDSC and early-stage (e-) MDSC that may exhibit differential function in different pathological scenarios. However, in cancer they are associated with inhibition of the anti-tumour immune response and are universally associated with a poor prognosis. Seven human viruses classified as Group I carcinogenic agents are jointly responsible for nearly one fifth of all human cancers. These viruses represent a large diversity of species, including DNA, RNA and retroviridae. They include the human gammaherpesviruses (Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV), members of the high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), hepatitis B and C (HBV, HCV), Human T cell leukaemia virus (HTLV-1) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Each of these viruses encode an array of different oncogenes that perturb numerous cellular pathways that ultimately, over time, lead to cancer. A prerequisite for oncogenesis is therefore establishment of chronic infection whereby the virus persists in the host cells without being eradicated by the antiviral immune response. Although some of the viruses can directly modulate the immune response to enable persistence, a growing body of evidence suggests the immune microenvironment is modulated by expansions of MDSCs, driven by viral persistence and oncogenesis. It is likely these MDSCs play a role in loss of immune recognition and function and it is therefore essential to understand their phenotype and function, particularly given the increasing importance of immunotherapy in the modern arsenal of anti-cancer therapies. This review will discuss the role of MDSCs in viral oncogenesis. In particular we will focus upon the mechanisms thought to drive the MDSC expansions, the subsets expanded and their impact upon the immune microenvironment. Importantly we will explore how MDSCs may modulate current immunotherapies and their impact upon the success of future immune-based therapies.
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14
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Sarhan D, Eisinger S, He F, Bergsland M, Pelicano C, Driescher C, Westberg K, Benitez II, Humoud R, Palano G, Li S, Carannante V, Muhr J, Önfelt B, Schlisio S, Ravetch JV, Heuchel R, Löhr MJ, Karlsson MCI. Targeting myeloid suppressive cells revives cytotoxic anti-tumor responses in pancreatic cancer. iScience 2022; 25:105317. [PMID: 36310582 PMCID: PMC9615326 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for cancer that aims to promote T cell anti-tumor activity has changed current clinical practice, where some previously lethal cancers have now become treatable. However, clinical trials with low response rates have been disappointing for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). One suggested explanation is the accumulation of dominantly immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Using retrospectively collected tumor specimens and transcriptomic data from PDAC, we demonstrate that expression of the scavenger receptor MARCO correlates with poor prognosis and a lymphocyte-excluding tumor phenotype. PDAC cell lines produce IL-10 and induce high expression of MARCO in myeloid cells, and this was further enhanced during hypoxic conditions. These myeloid cells suppressed effector T and natural killer (NK) cells and blocked NK cell tumor infiltration and tumor killing in a PDAC 3D-spheroid model. Anti-human MARCO (anti-hMARCO) antibody targeting triggered the repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages and activated the inflammasome machinery, resulting in IL-18 production. This in turn enhanced T cell and NK cell functions. The targeting of MARCO thus remodels the TME and represents a rational approach to make immunotherapy more efficient in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhifaf Sarhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, SE-141 521
| | - Silke Eisinger
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fei He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, SE-141 521
| | - Maria Bergsland
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Pelicano
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Driescher
- Department of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kajsa Westberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Itziar Ibarlucea Benitez
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rawan Humoud
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgia Palano
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shuijie Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valentina Carannante
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Muhr
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Önfelt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Schlisio
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey V Ravetch
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rainer Heuchel
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Lab, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias J Löhr
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Lab, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Kumar S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. Chaperone-assisted E3 ligase CHIP: A double agent in cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1521-1555. [PMID: 36157498 PMCID: PMC9485218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a ubiquitin ligase and co-chaperone belonging to Ubox family that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by switching the equilibrium of the folding-refolding mechanism towards the proteasomal or lysosomal degradation pathway. It links molecular chaperones viz. HSC70, HSP70 and HSP90 with ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), acting as a quality control system. CHIP contains charged domain in between N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and C-terminal Ubox domain. TPR domain interacts with the aberrant client proteins via chaperones while Ubox domain facilitates the ubiquitin transfer to the client proteins for ubiquitination. Thus, CHIP is a classic molecule that executes ubiquitination for degradation of client proteins. Further, CHIP has been found to be indulged in cellular differentiation, proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis. Additionally, CHIP can play its dual role as a tumor suppressor as well as an oncogene in numerous malignancies, thus acting as a double agent. Here, in this review, we have reported almost all substrates of CHIP established till date and classified them according to the hallmarks of cancer. In addition, we discussed about its architectural alignment, tissue specific expression, sub-cellular localization, folding-refolding mechanisms of client proteins, E4 ligase activity, normal physiological roles, as well as involvement in various diseases and tumor biology. Further, we aim to discuss its importance in HSP90 inhibitors mediated cancer therapy. Thus, this report concludes that CHIP may be a promising and worthy drug target towards pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Paraganas, West Bengal 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K. Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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16
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Role of HMGB1 in Cutaneous Melanoma: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169327. [PMID: 36012593 PMCID: PMC9409290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that plays a key role in acute and chronic inflammation. It has already been studied in several diseases, among them melanoma. Indeed, HMGB1 is closely associated with cell survival and proliferation and may be directly involved in tumor cell metastasis development thanks to its ability to promote cell migration. This research aims to assess the role of this molecule in the pathogenesis of human melanoma and its potential therapeutic role. The research has been conducted on the PubMed database, and the resulting articles are sorted by year of publication, showing an increasing interest in the last five years. The results showed that HMGB1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of skin cancer, prognosis, and therapeutical response to therapy. Traditional therapies target this molecule indirectly, but future perspectives could include the development of new target therapy against HMGB1, thus adding a new approach to the therapy, which has often shown primary and secondary resistance. This could add a new therapy arm which has to be prolonged and specific for each patient.
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17
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Masaoutis C, Palamaris K, Kokkali S, Levidou G, Theocharis S. Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Implications for Autoimmunity and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147864. [PMID: 35887212 PMCID: PMC9323059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic Epithelial Tumors (TETs) represent a rare tumor family, originating from the epithelial component of the thymus gland. Clinicopathologically, they are segregated into six major subtypes, associated with distinct histological features and clinical outcomes. Their emergence and evolution are accompanied by the generation of a complex tumor microenvironment (TME), dominated by phenotypically and functionally divergent immune cellular subsets, in different maturation states and in analogies that vary significantly among different subtypes. These heterogenous leukocyte populations exert either immune-permissive and tumor-suppressive functions or vice versa, and the dynamic equilibrium established among them either dictates the tumor immune milieu towards an immune-tolerance state or enables the development of a productive spontaneous tumoricidal response. The immunologically “hot” microenvironment, defining a significant proportion of TETs, makes them a promising candidate for the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). A number of phase I and II clinical trials have already demonstrated significant, type-specific clinical efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors, even though substantial limitations in their utilization derive from their immune-mediated adverse effects. Moreover, the completed clinical studies involved relatively restricted patient samples and an expansion in the enrolled cohorts is required, so that more trustworthy conclusions regarding the benefit from ICIs in TETs can be extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Masaoutis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Str., Bld 10, Goudi, GR11527 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (K.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Kostas Palamaris
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Str., Bld 10, Goudi, GR11527 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (K.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Stefania Kokkali
- Oncology Unit, 2nd Department of Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocratio General Hospital of Athens, 114, V. Sofias Str., GR11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Georgia Levidou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Str., Bld 10, Goudi, GR11527 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (K.P.); (G.L.)
- Second Department of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nurenberg, Germany
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Str., Bld 10, Goudi, GR11527 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (K.P.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Lipid metabolism in tumor microenvironment: novel therapeutic targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:224. [PMID: 35790992 PMCID: PMC9254539 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipid molecules have been proposed to play important roles linking obesity/metabolic syndrome and cancers. Studies reveal that aberrant lipid metabolic signaling can reprogram cancer cells and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and poor therapeutic response. Existing evidence indicates that controlling lipid metabolism can be a potential strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. By reviewing the current literature on the lipid metabolism in various cancers, we summarized major lipid molecules including fatty acids and cholesterol as well as lipid droplets and discussed their critical roles in cancer cells and non-cancer in terms of either promoting- or anti-tumorigenesis. This review provides an overview of the lipid molecules in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment, adding to the existing knowledge with lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and cancer associated cells. Comprehensive understanding of the regulatory role of lipid metabolism in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment will provide a new direction for further studies, in a shift away from conventional cancer research. Exploring the lipid-related signaling targets that drive or block cancer development may lead to development of novel anti-cancer strategies distinct from traditional approaches for cancer prevention and treatment.
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19
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Pramanik A, Bhattacharyya S. Myeloid derived suppressor cells and innate immune system interaction in tumor microenvironment. Life Sci 2022; 305:120755. [PMID: 35780842 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex domain that not only contains tumor cells but also a plethora of other host immune cells. By nature, the tumor microenvironment is a highly immunosuppressive milieu providing growing conditions for tumor cells. A major immune cell population that contributes most in the development of this immunosuppressive microenvironment is the MDSC, a heterogenous population of immature cells. Although found in small numbers only in the bone marrow of healthy individuals, they readily migrate to the lymph nodes and tumor site during cancer pathogenesis. MDSC mediated disruption of antitumor T cell activity is a major cause of the immunosuppression at the tumor site, but recent findings have shown that MDSC mediated dysfunction of other major immune cells might also play an important role. In this article we will review how crosstalk with MDSC alters the activity of both conventional and unconventional immune cells that inhibits the antitumor immunity and promotes cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Pramanik
- Immunobiology and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Purulia 723104, West Bengal, India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Immunobiology and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Purulia 723104, West Bengal, India.
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20
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Daoud M, Broxtermann PN, Schorn F, Werthenbach JP, Seeger JM, Schiffmann LM, Brinkmann K, Vucic D, Tüting T, Mauch C, Kulms D, Zigrino P, Kashkar H. XIAP promotes melanoma growth by inducing tumour neutrophil infiltration. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53608. [PMID: 35437868 PMCID: PMC9171690 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of the X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) has been frequently reported in malignant melanoma suggesting that XIAP renders apoptosis resistance and thereby supports melanoma progression. Independent of its anti‐apoptotic function, XIAP mediates cellular inflammatory signalling and promotes immunity against bacterial infection. The pro‐inflammatory function of XIAP has not yet been considered in cancer. By providing detailed in vitro analyses, utilising two independent mouse melanoma models and including human melanoma samples, we show here that XIAP is an important mediator of melanoma neutrophil infiltration. Neutrophils represent a major driver of melanoma progression and are increasingly considered as a valuable therapeutic target in solid cancer. Our data reveal that XIAP ubiquitylates RIPK2, involve TAB1/RIPK2 complex and induce the transcriptional up‐regulation and secretion of chemokines such as IL8, that are responsible for intra‐tumour neutrophil accumulation. Alteration of the XIAP‐RIPK2‐TAB1 inflammatory axis or the depletion of neutrophils in mice reduced melanoma growth. Our data shed new light on how XIAP contributes to tumour growth and provides important insights for novel XIAP targeting strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Daoud
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pia Nora Broxtermann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Schorn
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Paul Werthenbach
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Michael Seeger
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lars M Schiffmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplant Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Brinkmann
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI) and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Mauch
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kulms
- Department of Dermatology, Experimental Dermatology, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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21
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Luo W, Xiang W, Gan L, Che J, Li J, Wang Y, Han L, Gu R, Ye L, Wang R, Zhang X, Xu Y, Dai W, Mo S, Li Q, Cai G. Bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal necroptosis-based molecular classification, tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization, and prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:235. [PMID: 35590418 PMCID: PMC9118791 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Necroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death that is associated with cancer initiation, progression, immunity, and chemoresistance. However, the roles of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been explored comprehensively. Methods In this study, we obtained NRGs and performed consensus molecular subtyping by “ConsensusClusterPlus” to determine necroptosis-related subtypes in CRC bulk transcriptomic data. The ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms were used to evaluate the relative infiltration levels of different cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Single-cell transcriptomic analysis was performed to confirm classification related to NRGs. NRG_score was developed to predict patients’ survival outcomes with low-throughput validation in a patients’ cohort from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Results We identified three distinct necroptosis-related classifications (NRCs) with discrepant clinical outcomes and biological functions. Characterization of TME revealed that there were two stable necroptosis-related phenotypes in CRC: a phenotype characterized by few TME cells infiltration but with EMT/TGF-pathways activation, and another phenotype recognized as immune-excluded. NRG_score for predicting survival outcomes was established and its predictive capability was verified. In addition, we found NRCs and NRG_score could be used for patient or drug selection when considering immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions Based on comprehensive analysis, we revealed the potential roles of NRGs in the TME, and their correlations with clinicopathological parameters and patients’ prognosis in CRC. These findings could enhance our understanding of the biological functions of necroptosis, which thus may aid in prognosis prediction, drug selection, and therapeutics development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03431-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Che
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of CyberKnife Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyu Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Gu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixing Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaobo Mo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guoxiang Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Jiang H, Yu D, Yang P, Guo R, Kong M, Gao Y, Yu X, Lu X, Fan X. Revealing the transcriptional heterogeneity of organ-specific metastasis in human gastric cancer using single-cell RNA Sequencing. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e730. [PMID: 35184420 PMCID: PMC8858624 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deciphering intra- and inter-tumoural heterogeneity is essential for understanding the biology of gastric cancer (GC) and its metastasis and identifying effective therapeutic targets. However, the characteristics of different organ-tropism metastases of GC are largely unknown. METHODS Ten fresh human tissue samples from six patients, including primary tumour and adjacent non-tumoural samples and six metastases from different organs or tissues (liver, peritoneum, ovary, lymph node) were evaluated using single-cell RNA sequencing. Validation experiments were performed using histological assays and bulk transcriptomic datasets. RESULTS Malignant epithelial subclusters associated with invasion features, intraperitoneal metastasis propensity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-induced tumour stem cell phenotypes, or dormancy-like characteristics were discovered. High expression of the first three subcluster-associated genes displayed worse overall survival than those with low expression in a GC cohort containing 407 samples. Immune and stromal cells exhibited cellular heterogeneity and created a pro-tumoural and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Furthermore, a 20-gene signature of lymph node-derived exhausted CD8+ T cells was acquired to forecast lymph node metastasis and validated in GC cohorts. Additionally, although anti-NKG2A (KLRC1) antibody have not been used to treat GC patients even in clinical trials, we uncovered not only malignant tumour cells but one endothelial subcluster, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, T cell-like B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils may contribute to HLA-E-KLRC1/KLRC2 interaction with cytotoxic/exhausted CD8+ T cells and/or natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting novel clinical therapeutic opportunities in GC. Additionally, our findings suggested that PD-1 expression in CD8+ T cells might predict clinical responses to PD-1 blockade therapy in GC. CONCLUSIONS This study provided insights into heterogeneous microenvironment of GC primary tumours and organ-specific metastases and provide support for precise diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Dingyi Yu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Penghui Yang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Rongfang Guo
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gastro‐Intestinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiongfei Yu
- Department of Surgical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐Based Chinese MedicineInnovation Center in Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐Based Chinese MedicineInnovation Center in Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineHangzhouChina
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23
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Vanajothi R, Srikanth N, Vijayakumar R, Palanisamy M, Bhavaniramya S, Premkumar K. HPV-mediated Cervical Cancer: A Systematic review on Immunological Basis, Molecular Biology and Immune evasion mechanisms. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:782-801. [PMID: 34939539 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666211221160632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most frequently transmitted viruses globally, causing several malignancies including cervical cancer. AIM Owing to their unique pathogenicity HPV viruses can persist in the host organism for a longer duration than other virus types, to complete their lifecycle. During its association with the host, HPV causes various pathological conditions affecting the immune system by evading the host immune- mechanisms leading to the progression of various diseases, including cancer. METHOD To date, ~ 150 serotypes were identified, and certain high-risk HPV types are known to be associated with genital warts and cervical cancer. As of now, two prophylactic vaccines are in use for the treatment of HPV infection, however, no effective antiviral drug is available for HPV-associated disease/infections. Numerous clinical and laboratory studies are being investigated to formulate an effective and specific vaccine again HPV infections and associated diseases. RESULT As the immunological basis of HPV infection and associated disease progress persist indistinctly, deeper insights on immune evasion mechanism and molecular biology of disease would aid in developing an effective vaccine. CONCLUSION Thus this review focuses, aiming a systematic review on the immunological aspects of HPV-associated cervical cancer by uncovering immune evasion strategies adapted by HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Vanajothi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620024. India
| | - Natarajan Srikanth
- Department of Integrative Biology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. India
| | - Rajendran Vijayakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952. Saudi Arabia
| | - Manikandan Palanisamy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952. Saudi Arabia
| | - Sundaresan Bhavaniramya
- College of Food and Dairy Technology, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University, Chennai-600052, Tamil Nadu. India
| | - Kumpati Premkumar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620024. India
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24
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The Dog as a Model to Study the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1329:123-152. [PMID: 34664237 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and dynamic disease with an outcome that depends on a strict crosstalk between tumor cells and other components in tumor microenvironment, namely, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, fibroblasts, cancer stem cells, adipocytes, and endothelial cells. Within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages and T-lymphocytes appear to be key effectors during the several steps of tumor initiation and progression. Tumor cells, through the release of a plethora of signaling molecules, can induce immune tolerance, by avoiding immune surveillance, and inhibit immune cells cytotoxic functions. Furthermore, as the tumor grows, tumor microenvironment reveals a series of dysfunctional conditions that potentiate a polarization of harmful humoral Th2 and Th17, an upregulation of Treg cells, and a differentiation of macrophages into the M2 subtype, which contribute to the activation of several signaling pathways involving important tissue biomarkers (COX-2, EGFR, VEGF) implicated in cancer aggressiveness and poor clinical outcomes. In order to maintain the tumor growth, cancer cells acquire several adaptations such as neovascularization and metabolic reprogramming. An extensive intracellular production of lactate and protons is observed in tumor cells as a result of their high glycolytic metabolism. This contributes not only for the microenvironment pH alteration but also to shape the immune response that ultimately impairs immune cells capabilities and effector functions.In this chapter, the complexity of tumor microenvironment, with special focus on macrophages, T-lymphocytes, and the impact of lactate efflux, was reviewed, always trying to demonstrate the strong similarities between data from studies of humans and dogs, a widely proposed model for comparative oncology studies.
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25
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Wedekind H, Walz K, Buchbender M, Rieckmann T, Strasser E, Grottker F, Fietkau R, Frey B, Gaipl US, Rückert M. Head and neck tumor cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation die via apoptosis and are better taken up by M1-like macrophages. Strahlenther Onkol 2021; 198:171-182. [PMID: 34665291 PMCID: PMC8789708 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-021-01856-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is increasing worldwide, especially when triggered by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Radiotherapy has immune-modulatory properties, but the role of macrophages present in HNSCC and having contact with irradiated tumor cells remains unclear. The influence of irradiated (2 × 5Gy) HNSCC cells on the (re-)polarization and phagocytosis of human macrophages, either non-polarized or with a more M1 or M2 phenotype, was therefore investigated. Methods Human monocytes were differentiated with the hematopoietic growth factors M‑CSF (m) or GM-CSF (g) and additionally pre-polarized with either interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 or interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), respectively. Subsequently, they were added to previously irradiated (2 × 5Gy) and mock-treated HPV-positive (UD-SCC-2) and HPV-negative (Cal33) HNSCC cells including their supernatants. Results The HNSCC cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation died via apoptosis and were strongly phagocytosed by M0m and M2 macrophages. M0g and M1 macrophages phagocytosed the tumor cells to a lesser extent. Irradiated HNSCC cells were better phagocytosed by M1 macrophages compared to mock-treated controls. The polarization status of the macrophages was not significantly changed, except for the expression of CD206 on M2 macrophages, which was reduced after phagocytosis of irradiated HPV-negative cells. Further, a significant increase in the uptake of irradiated HPV-positive cells by M0g macrophages when compared to HPV-negative cells was observed. Conclusion HNSCC cells treated with hypofractionated irradiation foster phagocytosis by anti-tumorigenic M1 macrophages. The data provide the first evidence on the impact of the HPV status of HNSCC cells on the modulation of the macrophage response to irradiated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Wedekind
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Walz
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Rieckmann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erwin Strasser
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fridolin Grottker
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Rückert
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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26
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Salemizadeh Parizi M, Salemizadeh Parizi F, Abdolhosseini S, Vanaei S, Manzouri A, Ebrahimzadeh F. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in brain cancer: challenges and therapeutic strategies. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1613-1624. [PMID: 34613567 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The most fatal malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) is glioblastoma. Brain cancer is a 'cold' tumor because of fewer immunoregulatory cells and more immunosuppressive cells. Due to the cold nature of brain cancers, conventional treatments which are used to manage glioma patients show little effectiveness. Glioma patients even showed resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and no significant efficacy. It has been shown that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) account for approximately 30-50% of the tumor mass in glioma. This study aimed to review MDSC function in brain cancer, as well as possible treatments and related challenges. In brain cancer and glioma, several differences in the context of MDSCs have been reported, including disagreements about the MDSC subtype that has the most inhibitory function in the brain, or inhibitory function of regulatory B cells (Bregs). There are also serious challenges in treating glioma patients. In addition to the cold nature of glioma, there are reports of an increase in MDSCs following conventional chemotherapy treatments. As a result, targeting MDSCs in combination with other therapies, such as ICB, is essential, and recent studies with the combination therapy approach have shown promising therapeutic effects in brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shohreh Vanaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Manzouri
- School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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27
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Zhu H, Liu X. Advances of Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis at Early Stage, and Cellular Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Malignancies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:666340. [PMID: 34434889 PMCID: PMC8381364 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.666340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, in 2018, 4.8 million new patients have a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, while 3.4 million people died of such disorders. GI malignancies are tightly relevant to 26% of the world-wide cancer incidence and occupies 35% of all cancer-associated deaths. In this article, we principally investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms of tumorigenesis in five major GI cancers occurring at esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and colorectal region that illustrate high morbidity in Eastern and Western countries. Moreover, through this investigation, we not only emphasize importance of the tumor microenvironment in development and treatment of malignant tumors but also identify significance of M2PK, miRNAs, ctDNAs, circRNAs, and CTCs in early detection of GI cancers, as well as systematically evaluate contribution of personalized precision medicine including cellular immunotherapy, new antigen and vaccine therapy, and oncolytic virotherapy in treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Zhu
- Precision and Personalized Cancer Treatment Center, Division of Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China.,Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Division of Cellular & Biomedical Science, Ciming Boao International Hospital, Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, Qionghai, China
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28
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Chandrasekaran S, Funk CR, Kleber T, Paulos CM, Shanmugam M, Waller EK. Strategies to Overcome Failures in T-Cell Immunotherapies by Targeting PI3K-δ and -γ. Front Immunol 2021; 12:718621. [PMID: 34512641 PMCID: PMC8427697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.718621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K-δ and PI3K-γ are critical regulators of T-cell differentiation, senescence, and metabolism. PI3K-δ and PI3K-γ signaling can contribute to T-cell inhibition via intrinsic mechanisms and regulation of suppressor cell populations, including regulatory T-cells and myeloid derived suppressor cells in the tumor. We examine an exciting new role for using selective inhibitors of the PI3K δ- and γ-isoforms as modulators of T-cell phenotype and function in immunotherapy. Herein we review the current literature on the implications of PI3K-δ and -γ inhibition in T-cell biology, discuss existing challenges in adoptive T-cell therapies and checkpoint blockade inhibitors, and highlight ongoing efforts and future directions to incorporate PI3K-δ and PI3K-γ as synergistic T-cell modulators in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Chandrasekaran
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher Ronald Funk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Troy Kleber
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Chrystal M. Paulos
- Department of Surgery/Microbiology & Immunology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mala Shanmugam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Edmund K. Waller
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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29
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Hot or cold: Bioengineering immune contextures into in vitro patient-derived tumor models. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113791. [PMID: 33965462 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have proven to be tremendously effective for a subset of cancer patients. However, it is difficult to predict the response of individual patients and efforts are now directed at understanding the mechanisms of ICI resistance. Current models of patient tumors poorly recapitulate the immune contexture, which describe immune parameters that are associated with patient survival. In this Review, we discuss parameters that influence the induction of different immune contextures found within tumors and how engineering strategies may be leveraged to recapitulate these contextures to develop the next generation of immune-competent patient-derived in vitro models.
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30
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Tokumaru S, Koizumi T, Sekino Y, Takeuchi N, Nakata S, Miyagawa Y, Kitazawa M, Muranaka F, Nakamura S, Koyama M, Yamamoto Y, Ehara T, Hondo N, Soejima Y. Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Is a Predictive Biomarker of Response to Treatment with Nivolumab for Gastric Cancer. Oncology 2021; 99:632-640. [PMID: 34280933 DOI: 10.1159/000517344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer who have an objective response (OR) to nivolumab monotherapy are expected to have a good long-term prognosis. However, the OR rate for nivolumab treatment is low at 11%, and there is a need for biomarkers to predict the treatment response. This study aimed to analyze the significance of systemic inflammation-related variables and clinicopathologic characteristics as predictive markers of response to nivolumab monotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 71 consecutive patients who received nivolumab monotherapy for unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff values of systemic inflammation-related variables, predictors of treatment response, and other prognostic factors related to nivolumab therapy. We focused on systemic inflammation-related variables measured before nivolumab induction and 2 weeks after its first administration and performed multivariate analysis to assess whether they could be used as prognostic factors. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that a lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) of ≤3.28 after 2 weeks of initial nivolumab treatment (2wLMR) is a statistically significant predictor of treatment response (p = 0.012). The progression-free survival (PFS) rate of patients with liver metastasis was significantly worse than that of the other patients (1-year PFS: 0.0 vs. 24.4%, respectively; p = 0.005). The overall survival (OS) of patients with a low 2wLMR was significantly longer than that in patients with a high 2wLMR (1-year OS: 37.4 vs. 18.9%, respectively; p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Thus, the 2wLMR could be a useful biomarker to predict response to nivolumab treatment and the prognosis of unresectable and recurrent gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Tokumaru
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Koizumi
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Therapy, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sekino
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nagano Municipal Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Nakata
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Nagano Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyagawa
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masato Kitazawa
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Futoshi Muranaka
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Koyama
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takehito Ehara
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nao Hondo
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Soejima
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Lopes-Júnior LC, Veronez LC. Circadian rhythms disruption in cancer. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1951470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health in Sciences. Health Sciences Center at the Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- BSc in Biology., Ph.D. In Immunology. Post-doctoral Fellow at the Department of Childcare and Pediatrics at the Ribeirão PretoMedical School at the University of São Paulo (USP). (FMRP-USP)., Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Munir MT, Kay MK, Kang MH, Rahman MM, Al-Harrasi A, Choudhury M, Moustaid-Moussa N, Hussain F, Rahman SM. Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Multifaceted Regulators of Breast Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6526. [PMID: 34207035 PMCID: PMC8233875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women of Western countries and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The breast tumor microenvironment contains immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and extracellular matrix. Among these cells, macrophages or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major components of the breast cancer microenvironment. TAMs facilitate metastasis of the breast tumor and are responsible for poor clinical outcomes. High TAM density was also found liable for the poor prognosis of breast cancer. These observations make altering TAM function a potential therapeutic target to treat breast cancer. The present review summarizes the origin of TAMs, mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor, and the contributions of TAMs in tumor progression. We have also discussed our current knowledge about TAM-targeted therapies and the roles of miRNAs and exosomes in re-educating TAM function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Tabassum Munir
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Matthew K. Kay
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Min H. Kang
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Fazle Hussain
- Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
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Rangamuwa K, Leong T, Weeden C, Asselin-Labat ML, Bozinovski S, Christie M, John T, Antippa P, Irving L, Steinfort D. Thermal ablation in non-small cell lung cancer: a review of treatment modalities and the evidence for combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2842-2857. [PMID: 34295682 PMCID: PMC8264311 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with approximately 1.6 million cancer related deaths each year. Prognosis is best in patients with early stage disease, though even then five-year survival is only 55% in some groups. Median survival for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is 8–12 months with conventional treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionised the treatment of NSCLC with significant long-term improvements in survival demonstrated in some patients with advanced NSCLC. However, only a small proportion of patients respond to ICI, suggesting the need for further techniques to harness the potential of ICI therapy. Thermal ablation utilizes the extremes of temperature to cause tumour destruction. Commonly used modalities are radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation and microwave ablation (MWA). At present thermal ablation is reserved for curative-intent therapy in patients with localized NSCLC who are unable to undergo surgical resection or stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR). Limited evidence suggests that thermal ablative modalities can upregulate an anticancer immune response in NSCLC. It is postulated that thermal ablation can increase tumour antigen release, which would initiate and upregulated steps in the cancer immunity cycle required to elicit an anticancer immune response. This article will review the current thermal ablative techniques and their ability to modulate an anti-cancer immune response with a view of using thermal ablation in conjunction with ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka Rangamuwa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine (RMH), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tracy Leong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare Weeden
- Personalised Oncology Division, Walter Eliza Hall institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Christie
- Department of Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tom John
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip Antippa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louis Irving
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Steinfort
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine (RMH), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Mortezaee K, Najafi M, Farhood B, Ahmadi A, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. Resveratrol as an Adjuvant for Normal Tissues Protection and Tumor Sensitization. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 20:130-145. [PMID: 31738153 DOI: 10.2174/1568009619666191019143539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most complicated diseases in present-day medical science. Yearly, several studies suggest various strategies for preventing carcinogenesis. Furthermore, experiments for the treatment of cancer with low side effects are ongoing. Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are the most common non-invasive strategies for cancer treatment. One of the most challenging issues encountered with these modalities is low effectiveness, as well as normal tissue toxicity for chemo-radiation therapy. The use of some agents as adjuvants has been suggested to improve tumor responses and also alleviate normal tissue toxicity. Resveratrol, a natural flavonoid, has attracted a lot of attention for the management of both tumor and normal tissue responses to various modalities of cancer therapy. As an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, in vitro and in vivo studies show that it is able to mitigate chemo-radiation toxicity in normal tissues. However, clinical studies to confirm the usage of resveratrol as a chemo-radioprotector are lacking. In addition, it can sensitize various types of cancer cells to both chemotherapy drugs and radiation. In recent years, some clinical studies suggested that resveratrol may have an effect on inducing cancer cell killing. Yet, clinical translation of resveratrol has not yielded desirable results for the combination of resveratrol with radiotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. In this paper, we review the potential role of resveratrol for preserving normal tissues and sensitization of cancer cells in combination with different cancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48175-861, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed E Musa
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
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Zalfa C, Paust S. Natural Killer Cell Interactions With Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment and Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633205. [PMID: 34025641 PMCID: PMC8133367 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of cancer cells, tumor stroma, a mixture of tissue-resident and infiltrating immune cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in fighting tumors, but chronic stimulation and immunosuppression in the TME lead to NK cell exhaustion and limited antitumor functions. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid cells with potent immunosuppressive activity that gradually accumulate in tumor tissues. MDSCs interact with innate and adaptive immune cells and play a crucial role in negatively regulating the immune response to tumors. This review discusses MDSC-mediated NK cell regulation within the TME, focusing on critical cellular and molecular interactions. We review current strategies that target MDSC-mediated immunosuppression to enhance NK cell cytotoxic antitumor activity. We also speculate on how NK cell-based antitumor immunotherapy could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke Paust
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Sun R, Liu J, Nie S, Li S, Yang J, Jiang Y, Cheng W. Construction of miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network and Prognostic Signature in Endometrial Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2363-2378. [PMID: 33854334 PMCID: PMC8039850 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s272222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This bioinformatic study confirmed a new miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and a prognostic signature in endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and Methods We downloaded RNA-seq and miRNA-seq data of EC from the TCGA database, then used EdegR package to screen differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs (DE-miRNAs and DE-mRNAs). Then, we constructed a regulatory network of EC-associated miRNAs and hub genes by Cytoscape, and determined the expression of unexplored miRNAs in EC tissues and normal adjacent tissues by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). A prognostic signature model and a predictive nomogram were constructed. Finally, we explored the association between the prognostic model and the immune cell infiltration. Results A total of 11,531 DE-mRNAs and 236 DE-miRNAs, as well as 275 and 118 candidate DEGs for upregulated and downregulated DE-miRNAs were screened out. The miRNA-mRNA network included 5 downregulated and 13 upregulated DE-miRNAs. qRT-PCR proved that the expression levels of miRNA-18a-5p, miRNA-18b-5p, miRNA-449c-5p and miRNA-1224-5p and their target genes (NR3C1, CTGF, MYC, and TNS1) were consistent with our predictions. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of the hub genes revealed a significant prognostic value of NR3C1, EZH2, AND GATA4, and these genes were closely related to eight types of immune infiltration cells. Conclusion We identified three genes as candidate biomarkers for EC, which may provide a theoretical basis for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sipei Nie
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Targeting Innate Immunity in Cancer Therapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020138. [PMID: 33572196 PMCID: PMC7916062 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of current cancer immunotherapy strategies target and potentiate antitumor adaptive immune responses. Unfortunately, the efficacy of these treatments has been limited to a fraction of patients within a subset of tumor types, with an aggregate response rate of approximately 20% to date across all malignancies. The success of therapeutic inhibition of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), protein death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been limited to “hot” tumors characterized by preexisting T cell infiltration, whereas “cold” tumors, which lack T cell infiltration, have not achieved durable benefit. There are several mechanisms by which “cold” tumors fail to generate spontaneous immune infiltration, which converge upon the generation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The role of the innate immune system in tumor immunosurveillance and generation of antitumor immune responses has been long recognized. In recent years, novel strategies to target innate immunity in cancer therapy have emerged, including therapeutic stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs); the DNA sensing cGAS/STING pathway; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), such as NLRP3; and the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs). In addition, therapeutic modulation of key innate immune cell types, such as macrophages and natural killer cells, has been investigated. Herein, we review therapeutic approaches to activate innate immunity within the TME to enhance antitumor immune responses, with the goal of disease eradication in “cold” tumors. In addition, we discuss rational immune-oncology combination strategies that activate both innate and adaptive immunity, with the potential to enhance the efficacy of current immunotherapeutic approaches.
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de Boniface J, Mao Y, Schmidt-Mende J, Kiessling R, Poschke I. Expression patterns of the immunomodulatory enzyme arginase 1 in blood, lymph nodes and tumor tissue of early-stage breast cancer patients. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:1305-1312. [PMID: 23243594 PMCID: PMC3518503 DOI: 10.4161/onci.21678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginase 1 (ARG1) is an important enzyme in amino acid metabolism that also exerts immunoregulatory function. High ARG1 expression, which is associated with cell cycle arrest and functional unresponsiveness in T cells, has been observed after trauma, infections and in cancer patients. We studied ARG1 expression in early-stage breast cancer patients (stage 1, n = 20; stage 2, n = 23) by multi-parametric flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Despite a low tumor burden, ARG1 expression was significantly increased in blood-derived myeloid cells of breast cancer patients compared with healthy controls. The ARG1hi myeloid population in the blood of cancer patients contained a high frequency of CD14+ cells and was, therefore, distinct from the granulocytic ARG1+ population observed in control individuals. Expression of ARG1 in patient blood cells correlated with tumor grade and was significantly reduced after surgical tumor removal. ARG1+ myeloid cells could also be detected in tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes, where ARG1 expression levels exceeded those measured in the blood. We conclude that even patients with early-stage breast cancer exhibit tumor-related changes of ARG1 expression. The level of ARG1-mediated immunomodulation at this early stage remains to be determined. However, high ARG1 expression is likely to interfere with antitumor T-cell responses and immunotherapeutic interventions, making ARG1 or its downstream effector interesting therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana de Boniface
- Institution of Molecular Medicine and Surgery; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm, Sweden
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Characterization of Macrophages and Osteoclasts in the Osteosarcoma Tumor Microenvironment at Diagnosis: New Perspective for Osteosarcoma Treatment? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030423. [PMID: 33498676 PMCID: PMC7866157 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Due to the great genetic instability of osteosarcoma (OS), a recurrent molecular therapeutic target has not been identified to date. Therefore, characterization of the OS tumor microenvironment (TME) might offer new therapeutic perspectives. The OS2006 trial, originally designed to evaluate the impact of zoledronic acid (ZA, osteoclast-inhibitor) addition to conventional OS-therapies, was ended preliminary due to a negative impact on patient survival. Through retrospective biomarker analysis of the unique biological samples collected during the trial, we demonstrate here that ZA not only acts on harmful osteoclasts but also on protective macrophages, clarifying its detrimental effect. By multiplex immunohistochemistry, applied on additional OS biopsies, an important bipotent macrophage-population (CD168+/CD163+), homogenously distributed throughout OS tumor areas, was identified. These bipotent cells might play a determining role in the evolution of OS and offer a novel therapeutic approach. A clear definition of the macrophage populations present at diagnosis could re-enforce therapeutic decisions. Abstract Biological and histopathological techniques identified osteoclasts and macrophages as targets of zoledronic acid (ZA), a therapeutic agent that was detrimental for patients in the French OS2006 trial. Conventional and multiplex immunohistochemistry of microenvironmental and OS cells were performed on biopsies of 124 OS2006 patients and 17 surgical (“OSNew”) biopsies respectively. CSF-1R (common osteoclast/macrophage progenitor) and TRAP (osteoclast activity) levels in serum of 108 patients were correlated to response to chemotherapy and to prognosis. TRAP levels at surgery and at the end of the protocol were significantly lower in ZA+ than ZA− patients (padj = 0.0011; 0.0132). For ZA+-patients, an increase in the CSF-1R level between diagnosis and surgery and a high TRAP level in the serum at biopsy were associated with a better response to chemotherapy (p = 0.0091; p = 0.0251). At diagnosis, high CD163+ was associated with good prognosis, while low TRAP activity was associated with better overall survival in ZA− patients only. Multiplex immunohistochemistry demonstrated remarkable bipotent CD68+/CD163+ macrophages, homogeneously distributed throughout OS regions, aside osteoclasts (CD68+/CD163−) mostly residing in osteolytic territories and osteoid-matrix-associated CD68−/CD163+ macrophages. We demonstrate that ZA not only acts on harmful osteoclasts but also on protective macrophages, and hypothesize that the bipotent CD68+/CD163+ macrophages might present novel therapeutic targets.
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Yirga A, Oyekunle T, Howard LE, De Hoedt AM, Cooperberg MR, Kane CJ, Aronson WJ, Terris MK, Amling CL, Taioli E, Fowke JH, Klaanssen Z, Freedland SJ, Vidal AC. Monocyte counts and prostate cancer outcomes in white and black men: results from the SEARCH database. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:189-197. [PMID: 33392907 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating inflammatory markers may predict prostate cancer (PC) outcomes. For example, a recent study showed that higher peripheral blood monocyte counts were associated with aggressive PC in Asian men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Herein, we investigated whether peripheral monocyte count can predict long-term PC outcomes after RP in black and white men. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data on 2345 men undergoing RP from 2000 to 2017 at eight Veterans Affairs hospitals. Data on monocyte count within 6 and 12 months prior to surgery were collected. The study outcomes were biochemical recurrence (BCR), castration-resistant PC (CRPC), metastasis, all-cause mortality (ACM), and PC-specific morality (PCSM). Cox-proportional hazard models were used to assess the associations between pre-operative monocyte count and the above-mentioned outcomes accounting for confounders. RESULTS Of 2345 RP patients, 972 (41%) were black and 1373 (59%) were white men. In multivariable analyses, we found no associations between monocyte count and BCR among all men (HR: 1.36, 95%CI 0.90-2.07) or when analyses were stratified by race (HR: 1.30, 95%CI 0.69-2.46, in black men; HR:1.33, 95%CI 0.76-02.33, in white men). Likewise, no overall or race-specific associations were found between monocyte count and CRPC, metastases, ACM, and PCSM, all p ≥ 0.15. Results were similar for monocyte count measured at 12 months prior to RP. CONCLUSION In black and white PC patients undergoing RP, peripheral monocyte count was not associated with long-term PC outcomes. Contrary to what was found in Asian populations, monocyte count was not associated with PC outcomes in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeb Yirga
- Surgery Section, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Taofik Oyekunle
- Surgery Section, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lauren E Howard
- Surgery Section, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Matthew R Cooperberg
- Department of Urology, Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF Helen, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J Kane
- Urology Department, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - William J Aronson
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martha K Terris
- Section of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher L Amling
- Department of Urology, Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Stephen J Freedland
- Center for Integrated Research On Cancer and Lifestyle, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 8631 West 3rd Street Suite 430W, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Adriana C Vidal
- Center for Integrated Research On Cancer and Lifestyle, Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 8631 West 3rd Street Suite 430W, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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La Fleur L, Botling J, He F, Pelicano C, Zhou C, He C, Palano G, Mezheyeuski A, Micke P, Ravetch JV, Karlsson MCI, Sarhan D. Targeting MARCO and IL37R on Immunosuppressive Macrophages in Lung Cancer Blocks Regulatory T Cells and Supports Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function. Cancer Res 2020; 81:956-967. [PMID: 33293426 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The progression and metastatic capacity of solid tumors are strongly influenced by immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accumulation of anti-inflammatory tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) is associated with worse clinical outcome and resistance to therapy. Here we investigated the immune landscape of NSCLC in the presence of protumoral TAMs expressing the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO). MARCO-expressing TAM numbers correlated with increased occurrence of regulatory T cells and effector T cells and decreased natural killer (NK) cells in these tumors. Furthermore, transcriptomic data from the tumors uncovered a correlation between MARCO expression and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL37. In vitro studies subsequently showed that lung cancer cells polarized macrophages to express MARCO and gain an immune-suppressive phenotype through the release of IL37. MARCO-expressing TAMs blocked cytotoxic T-cell and NK-cell activation, inhibiting their proliferation, cytokine production, and tumor killing capacity. Mechanistically, MARCO+ macrophages enhanced regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferation and IL10 production and diminished CD8 T-cell activities. Targeting MARCO or IL37 receptor (IL37R) by antibody or CRISPR knockout of IL37 in lung cancer cell lines repolarized TAMs, resulting in recovered cytolytic activity and antitumoral capacity of NK cells and T cells and downmodulated Treg cell activities. In summary, our data demonstrate a novel immune therapeutic approach targeting human TAMs immune suppression of NK- and T-cell antitumor activities. SIGNIFICANCE: This study defines tumor-derived IL37 and the macrophage scavenger receptor MARCO as potential therapeutic targets to remodel the immune-suppressive microenvironment in patients with lung cancer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/4/956/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnéa La Fleur
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Botling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fei He
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Pelicano
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chikai Zhou
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chenfei He
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgia Palano
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Artur Mezheyeuski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey V Ravetch
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Dhifaf Sarhan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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42
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Yoshida Y, Nagamori T, Ishibazawa E, Kobayashi H, Kure T, Sakai H, Takahashi D, Fujihara M, Azuma H. Contribution of long-chain fatty acid to induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-like cells - induction of MDSC by lipid vesicles (liposome). Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:614-624. [PMID: 33070657 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1837866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Effects of liposomal particles on immune function have not been adequately investigated. Earlier reports indicate that intravenous injection of rats with pegylated liposomes comprising chemically defined specific lipids produces myeloid derived suppressor-cell (MDSC)-like cells in the spleen. OBJECTIVES After liposome injection, we sought a cell surface marker expressed specifically on splenic macrophages. Then we assessed the immunosuppressive activity of macrophages positive for the marker. Furthermore, we investigated whether immunosuppression induction is an immunopharmacological action specific to this pegylated liposome, or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS After using a microarray system to screen genes enhanced by this liposome, we evaluated cell surface expression of gene products using flow cytometry. Liposomes of several kinds, each comprising one type of phospholipid, were prepared and evaluated for their ability to induce T-cell suppression. RESULTS Microarray analysis indicated enhanced B7-H3 expression. Flow cytometry revealed that the B7-H3 molecule was expressed on splenic macrophages after liposome injection. B7-H3+ macrophages were positive for iNOS. Removing B7-H3+ cells restored T-cell proliferation. Similarly to this liposome, various liposomes with different long chain fatty acids induced T-cell suppression when accumulated in the spleen. CONCLUSIONS Immunosuppressive cells induced by this pegylated liposome closely resemble MDSCs, especially B7-H3+ MDSCs. Immunosuppression induction is not a phenomenon specific to this liposome. Accumulation of long chain fatty acid in macrophages by internalization of liposomal nanoparticles might be related to macrophage acquisition of immunosuppressive activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tsunehisa Nagamori
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Emi Ishibazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kobayashi
- Department of Immunopathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kure
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Azuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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43
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Coste A, Karagiannis GS, Wang Y, Xue EA, Lin Y, Skobe M, Jones JG, Oktay MH, Condeelis JS, Entenberg D. Hematogenous Dissemination of Breast Cancer Cells From Lymph Nodes Is Mediated by Tumor MicroEnvironment of Metastasis Doorways. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571100. [PMID: 33194666 PMCID: PMC7649363 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In primary breast tumors, cancer cells hematogenously disseminate through doorways in the vasculature composed of three-cell complexes (known as Tumor MicroEnvironment of Metastasis) comprising a perivascular macrophage, a tumor cell overexpressing the actin-regulatory protein Mammalian Enabled (Mena), and an endothelial cell, all in direct physical contact. It has been previously shown that once tumor cells establish lymph node metastases in patients, TMEM doorways form in the metastatic tumor cell nests. However, it has not been established if such lymph node-TMEM doorways actively transit tumor cells into the peripheral circulation and on to tertiary sites. To address this question in this short report, we used a mouse model of lymph node metastasis to demonstrate that TMEM doorways: (1) exist in tumor-positive lymph nodes of mice, (2) are restricted to the blood vascular endothelium, (3) serve as a mechanism for further dissemination to peripheral sites such as to the lungs, and (4) their activity can be abrogated by a pharmaceutical intervention. Our data suggest that cancer cell dissemination via TMEM doorways is a common mechanism of breast cancer cell dissemination to distant sites and thus the pharmacological targeting of TMEM may be necessary, even after resection of the primary tumor, to suppress cancer cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouchka Coste
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Surgery, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emily A Xue
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mihaela Skobe
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joan G Jones
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maja H Oktay
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Surgery, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Entenberg
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.,Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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44
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Karin N. The Development and Homing of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: From a Two-Stage Model to a Multistep Narrative. Front Immunol 2020; 11:557586. [PMID: 33193327 PMCID: PMC7649122 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.557586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells. Under normal conditions, they differentiate into macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. Under pathological conditions, such as chronic inflammation, or cancer, they tend to maintain their immature state as immature myeloid cells that, within the tumor microenvironment, become suppressor cells and assist tumor escape from immune eradication. MDSC are comprised of two major subsets: monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) and polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC). Monocytic myeloid cells give rise to monocytic cells, whereas PMN-MDSC share similarities with neutrophils. Based on their biological activities, a two-stage model that includes the mobilization of the periphery as myeloid cells and their activation within the tumor microenvironment converting them into suppressor cells was previously suggested by D. Gabrilovich. From the migratory viewpoint, we are suggesting a more complex setup. It starts with crosstalk between the tumor site and the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) at the bone marrow (BM) and secondary lymphatic organs, resulting in rapid myelopoiesis followed by mobilization to the blood. Although myelopoiesis is coordinated by several cytokines and transcription factors, mobilization is selectively directed by chemokine receptors and may differ between M-MDSC and PMN-MDSC. These myeloid cells may then undergo further expansion at these secondary lymphatic organs and then home to the tumor site. Finally, selective homing of T cell subsets has been associated with retention at the target organs directed by adhesion molecules or chemokine receptors. The possible relevance to myeloid cells is still speculative but is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Karin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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45
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Abstract
The Hanahan and Weinberg "hallmarks of cancer" papers provide a useful structure for considering the various mechanisms driving cancer progression, and the same might be useful for wound healing. In this Review, we highlight how tissue repair and cancer share cellular and molecular processes that are regulated in a wound but misregulated in cancer. From sustained proliferative signaling and the activation of invasion and angiogenesis to the promoting role of inflammation, there are many obvious parallels through which one process can inform the other. For some hallmarks, the parallels are more obscure. We propose some new prospective hallmarks that might apply to both cancer and wound healing and discuss how wounding, as in biopsy and surgery, might positively or negatively influence cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy MacCarthy-Morrogh
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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46
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Darmani H, Daoud A. Recent advances in myeloid-derived suppressor cell biology. Front Med 2020; 15:232-251. [PMID: 32876877 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, studying the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in many pathological inflammatory conditions has become a very active research area. Although the role of MDSCs in cancer is relatively well established, their role in non-cancerous pathological conditions remains in its infancy resulting in much confusion. Our objectives in this review are to address some recent advances in MDSC research in order to minimize such confusion and to provide an insight into their function in the context of other diseases. The following topics will be specifically focused upon: (1) definition and characterization of MDSCs; (2) whether all MDSC populations consist of immature cells; (3) technical issues in MDSC isolation, estimation and characterization; (4) the origin of MDSCs and their anatomical distribution in health and disease; (5) mediators of MDSC expansion and accumulation; (6) factors that determine the expansion of one MDSC population over the other; (7) the Yin and Yang roles of MDSCs. Moreover, the functions of MDSCs will be addressed throughout the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Homa Darmani
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ammar Daoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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47
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Zhao J, Li Q, Muktiali M, Ren B, Hu Y, Li D, Li Z, Li D, Xie Y, Tao M, Liang R. Effect of microwave ablation treatment of hepatic malignancies on serum cytokine levels. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:812. [PMID: 32847533 PMCID: PMC7448515 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microwave ablation (MWA) is widely used to treat unresectable primary and secondary malignancies of the liver, and a limited number of studies indicate that ablation can cause not only necrosis at the in situ site but also an immunoreaction of the whole body. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MWA on cytokines in patients who underwent MWA for a hepatic malignancy. Methods Patients admitted to the Oncology Department in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between June 2015 and February 2019 were selected. Peripheral blood was collected from patients with a hepatic malignancy treated with MWA. The levels of cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12 p40, IL-12 p70, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) were detected with a Milliplex® MAP Kit. The comparison times were as follows: before ablation, 24 h after ablation, 15 days after ablation, and 30 days after ablation. Data were analyzed using a paired sample t-tests and Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results A total of 43 patients with hepatic malignancies were assessed. There were significant differences in IL-2, IL-12 p40, IL-12 p70, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α at 24 h after MWA. Significant increases (> 2-fold vs. before ablation) were observed in IL-2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α after MWA. Elevated IL-2 and IL-6 levels after ablation were positively correlated with energy output during the MWA procedure. Conclusions WA treatment for hepatic malignancies can alter the serum levels of several cytokines such as IL-2 and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Lymphatic Hematologic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Merlin Muktiali
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Ren
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingxi Hu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daoming Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rongrui Liang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. .,Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA.
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48
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Bleve A, Durante B, Sica A, Consonni FM. Lipid Metabolism and Cancer Immunotherapy: Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells at the Crossroad. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165845. [PMID: 32823961 PMCID: PMC7461616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression generates a chronic inflammatory state that dramatically influences hematopoiesis, originating different subsets of immune cells that can exert pro- or anti-tumor roles. Commitment towards one of these opposing phenotypes is driven by inflammatory and metabolic stimuli derived from the tumor-microenvironment (TME). Current immunotherapy protocols are based on the reprogramming of both specific and innate immune responses, in order to boost the intrinsic anti-tumoral activity of both compartments. Growing pre-clinical and clinical evidence highlights the key role of metabolism as a major influence on both immune and clinical responses of cancer patients. Indeed, nutrient competition (i.e., amino acids, glucose, fatty acids) between proliferating cancer cells and immune cells, together with inflammatory mediators, drastically affect the functionality of innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as their functional cross-talk. This review discusses new advances on the complex interplay between cancer-related inflammation, myeloid cell differentiation and lipid metabolism, highlighting the therapeutic potential of metabolic interventions as modulators of anticancer immune responses and catalysts of anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Bleve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Barbara Durante
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS–, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)-321-375881; Fax: +39-(0)-321-375821
| | - Francesca Maria Consonni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani, 2-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.B.); (B.D.); (F.M.C.)
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49
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Deng Y, Xu MF, Zhang F, Yu X, Zhang XW, Sun ZG, Wang S. Prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in gallbladder carcinoma patients and the establishment of a prognostic nomogram. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21021. [PMID: 32756087 PMCID: PMC7402783 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and establishment of a prognostic nomogram in post surgical patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of LMR. The correlation between preoperative LMR and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A relevant prognostic nomogram was established.Three hundred fifteen GBC patients were retrospectively enrolled. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cutoff value of LMR was 2.685. Patients were categorized into high-LMR group (n = 143) or low-LMR group (n = 172). Low-LMR value was significantly associated with elderly age, advanced tumor, and the performance of a palliative cholecystectomy. The results of the univariate and multivariate analyses eliminated the degree of tumor differentiation, tumor-node-metastasis stages, surgery types, and LMR as independent predictors of OS. Based on those independent predictors, a predictive nomogram for OS was generated with an accuracy of 0.848.Based on our findings, the predictive nomogram should be included in the routine assessment of GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
| | | | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery
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50
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He W, Reaume M, Hennenfent M, Lee BP, Rajachar R. Biomimetic hydrogels with spatial- and temporal-controlled chemical cues for tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:3248-3269. [PMID: 32490441 PMCID: PMC7323904 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic hydrogels have emerged as the most useful tissue engineering scaffold materials. Their versatile chemistry can recapitulate multiple physical and chemical features to integrate cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules for tissue regeneration. Due to their highly hydrophilic nature hydrogels can recreate nutrient-rich aqueous environments for cells. Soluble regulatory molecules can be incorporated to guide cell proliferation and differentiation. Importantly, the controlled dynamic parameters and spatial distribution of chemical cues in hydrogel scaffolds are critical for cell-cell communication, cell-scaffold interaction, and morphogenesis. Herein, we review biomimetic hydrogels that provide cells with spatiotemporally controlled chemical cues as tissue engineering scaffolds. Specifically, hydrogels with temporally controlled growth factor-release abilities, spatially controlled conjugated bioactive molecules/motifs, and targeting delivery and reload properties for tissue engineering applications are discussed in detail. Examples of hydrogels that possess clinically favorable properties, such as injectability, self-healing ability, stimulus-responsiveness, and pro-remodeling features, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilue He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
- FM Wound Care, LLC, Hancock, MI 49930, USA
| | - Max Reaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Maureen Hennenfent
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Bruce P. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Rupak Rajachar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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