1
|
Wang S, Wang P, Wang D, Shen S, Wang S, Li Y, Chen H. Postbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: efficacy, mechanism, and therapeutic implications. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39007163 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most challenging diseases in the 21st century, and more than 10 million people around the world suffer from IBD. Because of the limitations and adverse effects associated with conventional IBD therapies, there has been increased scientific interest in microbial-derived biomolecules, known as postbiotics. Postbiotics are defined as the preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confer a health benefit on the host, comprising inactivated microbial cells, cell fractions, metabolites, etc. Postbiotics have shown potential in enhancing IBD treatment by reducing inflammation, modulating the immune system, stabilizing intestinal flora and maintaining the integrity of intestinal barriers. Consequently, they are considered promising adjunctive therapies for IBD. Recent studies indicate that postbiotics offer distinctive advantages, including spanning clinical (safe origin), technological (easy for storage and transportation) and economic (reduced production costs) dimensions, rendering them suitable for widespread applications in functional food/pharmaceutical. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the definition, classification and applications of postbiotics, with an emphasis on their biological activity in both the prevention and treatment of IBD. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | | | - Shiqi Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zou P, Ma S, Yuan Y, Ma J, Yang X, Hu X, Meng Q, Jing C, Li Y. A glucomannan produced by Bacillus velezensis HY23 and its growth promoting effect on soybeans under salt stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133474. [PMID: 38945338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The Bacillus genus is widely distributed in nature, has bacteriostatic and growth-promoting activities, and has broad application potential in agriculture. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was extracted and purified from Bacillus velezensis HY23. Structural characterisation of the EPS was performed by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Methylation analysis showed that the EPS of HY23 was composed of mannose and glucose at a ratio of 82:18 and was identified as glucomannan. Combined with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, EPS from HY23 had a backbone of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → and →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → branched at C-6 with terminal α-(3-O-Me)-D-Manp-(1 → and →6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → residues as the side chain. A certain amount of β-D-Glcp residues were also present in backbone. Moreover, EPS significantly improved the nitrogen-fixing activity and salt resistance of soybean seedlings by regulating the antioxidant pool and expression of ion transporters. These findings indicate that EPS from B. velezensis HY23 is a potential biostimulant for enhancing plant resistance to salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zou
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Siqi Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xihao Hu
- Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Changliang Jing
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline-alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological Breeding, Qingdao 266101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu L, Du Y, Du Y, Yan W, Li Y, Cui K, Li Z, Yu P, Zhang W, Feng J, Ma W, Zhao H. Exopolysaccharide from Weissella confusa J4-1 inhibits colorectal cancer via induction of cell cycle arrest. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127625. [PMID: 37884233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS), a bioproduct of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has various health-promoting biological activities that may be beneficial for cancer therapy. This in vivo and in vitro study aimed to elucidate the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) capacity of a homopolysaccharide EPS obtained from Weissella confusa J4-1 (EPSJ4-1) isolated from the faeces of healthy infants. We confirmed that EPSJ4-1 contained glucose and effectively suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. EPSJ4-1 treatment significantly retarded the growth of HT-29 tumour xenografts without causing cytotoxicity to normal organs. EPSJ4-1 exerts an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in CRC cells. Furthermore, EPSJ4-1 upregulated p21 levels and downregulated mutant p53 and cyclin kinase 2 levels. This is the first study to demonstrate the antitumour effects of EPS from W. confusa on CRC via cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration and invasion, suggesting that EPSJ4-1 has the potential to be developed as a nutraceutical or pharmaceutical drug to prevent and treat CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yurong Du
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yabing Du
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Weiliang Yan
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kang Cui
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 451464, China
| | - Pu Yu
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - WanCun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wang Ma
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Huan Zhao
- Oncology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prajapati N, Patel J, Singh S, Yadav VK, Joshi C, Patani A, Prajapati D, Sahoo DK, Patel A. Postbiotic production: harnessing the power of microbial metabolites for health applications. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1306192. [PMID: 38169918 PMCID: PMC10758465 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1306192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics, which are bioactive substances derived from the metabolic processes of beneficial microbes, have received considerable attention in the field of microbiome science in recent years, presenting a promising path for exploration and innovation. This comprehensive analysis looks into the multidimensional terrain of postbiotic production, including an extensive examination of diverse postbiotic classes, revealing their sophisticated mechanisms of action and highlighting future applications that might significantly affect human health. The authors thoroughly investigate the various mechanisms that support postbiotic production, ranging from conventional fermentation procedures to cutting-edge enzyme conversion and synthetic biology approaches. The review, as an acknowledgment of the field's developing nature, not only highlights current achievements but also navigates through the problems inherent in postbiotic production. In order to successfully include postbiotics in therapeutic interventions and the production of functional food ingredients, emphasis is given to critical elements, including improving yields, bolstering stability, and assuring safety. The knowledge presented herein sheds light on the expanding field of postbiotics and their potential to revolutionize the development of novel therapeutics and functional food ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Prajapati
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinil Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Energy and Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Knowledge Corridor, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Chinmayi Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anil Patani
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Dharmendra Prajapati
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bamigbade G, Ali AH, Subhash A, Tamiello-Rosa C, Al Qudsi FR, Esposito G, Hamed F, Liu SQ, Gan RY, Abu-Jdayil B, Ayyash M. Structural characterization, biofunctionality, and environmental factors impacting rheological properties of exopolysaccharide produced by probiotic Lactococcus lactis C15. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17888. [PMID: 37857676 PMCID: PMC10587178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) possess distinctive rheological and physicochemical properties and innovative functionality. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical, bioactive, and rheological properties of an EPS secreted by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis C15. EPS-C15 was found to have an average molecular weight of 8.8 × 105 Da and was identified as a hetero-EPS composed of arabinose, xylose, mannose, and glucose with a molar ratio of 2.0:2.7:1.0:21.3, respectively. The particle size and zeta potential represented 311.2 nm and - 12.44 mV, respectively. FITR exhibited that EPS-C15 possessed a typical polysaccharide structure. NMR displayed that EPS-C15 structure is → 3)α-d-Glcvi (1 → 3)α-d-Xylv (1 → 6)α-d-Glciv(1 → 4)α-d-Glc(1 → 3)β-d-Man(1 → 2)α-d-Glci(1 → . EPS-C15 scavenged DPPH and ABTS free radicals with 50.3% and 46.4% capacities, respectively. Results show that the antiproliferative activities of EPS-C15 revealed inhibitions of 49.7% and 88.1% against MCF-7 and Caco-2 cells, respectively. EPS-C15 has antibacterial properties that inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (29.45%), Salmonella typhimurium (29.83%), Listeria monocytogenes (30.33%), and E. coli O157:H7 (33.57%). The viscosity of EPS-C15 decreased as the shear rate increased. The rheological properties of the EPS-C15 were affected by changes in pH levels and the addition of salts. EPS-C15 is a promising biomaterial that has potential applications in various industries, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gafar Bamigbade
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, UAE
| | - Abdelmoneim H Ali
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Athira Subhash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, UAE
| | - Camila Tamiello-Rosa
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, UAE
| | - Farah R Al Qudsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 21121, Jordan
| | - Gennaro Esposito
- Science Division - New York University Abu Dhabi, NYUAD Campus, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fathalla Hamed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), PO Box 1555, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Shao-Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138669, Singapore
| | - Basim Abu-Jdayil
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu L, Ye G, Qi X, Yang Y, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Du R, Ge J, Ping W. Purification, characterization and probiotic proliferation effect of exopolysaccharides produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HDC-01 isolated from sauerkraut. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210302. [PMID: 37440877 PMCID: PMC10333699 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HDC-01 was isolated from sauerkraut, and the structure, properties and biological activity of the studied EPS were assessed. The molecular weight of the isolated EPS is 2.505 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results showed that the EPS was composed of glucose/glucopyranose subunits linked by an α-(1 → 6) glycosidic bond and contained an α-(1 → 3) branching structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the EPS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the isolated EPS had a smooth and compact surface with several protrusions of varying lengths and irregularly shaped material. Moreover, the studied EPS showed good thermal stability, water holding capacity, and milk coagulation ability and promoted the growth of probiotics. L. plantarum EPS may be used as prebiotics in the fields of food and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Guangbin Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xintong Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Bosen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunye Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Renpeng Du
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Wenxiang Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education and Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region and Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province and School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lou X, Xue J, Shao R, Mo C, Wang F, Chen G. Postbiotics as potential new therapeutic agents for sepsis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad022. [PMID: 37334140 PMCID: PMC10271603 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the main cause of death in critically ill patients and gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in sepsis. On the one hand, sepsis leads to the destruction of gut microbiota and induces and aggravates terminal organ dysfunction. On the other hand, the activation of pathogenic gut flora and the reduction in beneficial microbial products increase the susceptibility of the host to sepsis. Although probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation preserve gut barrier function on multiple levels, their efficacy in sepsis with intestinal microbiota disruptions remains uncertain. Postbiotics consist of inactivated microbial cells or cell components. They possess antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Microbiota-targeted therapy strategies, such as postbiotics, may reduce the incidence of sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis by regulating gut microbial metabolites, improving intestinal barrier integrity and changing the composition of the gut microbiota. They offer a variety of mechanisms and might even be superior to more conventional 'biotics' such as probiotics and prebiotics. In this review, we present an overview of the concept of postbiotics and summarize what is currently known about postbiotics and their prospective utility in sepsis therapy. Overall, postbiotics show promise as a viable adjunctive therapy option for sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Lou
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jinfang Xue
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ruifei Shao
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chunyan Mo
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fuping Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 157 Jinbi Road, Xishan District, Kunming 650034, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hu G, Wang Y, Xue R, Liu T, Zhou Z, Yang Z. Effects of the Exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HMX2 on the Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microbiota of Juvenile Turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102051. [PMID: 37238869 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (HMX2) was isolated from Chinese Northeast Sauerkraut. Its effects on juvenile turbot were investigated by adding different concentrations of HMX2-EPS (C: 0 mg/kg, H1: 100 mg/kg, H2: 500 mg/kg) to the feed. Compared with the control group, HMX2-EPS significantly improved the growth performance of juvenile turbot. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes, and immune-related enzymes were significantly increased. HMX2-EPS could also increase the secretion of inflammatory factors and enhance the immune response of turbot by regulating the IFN signal transduction pathway and exhibit stronger survival rates after the A. hydrophila challenge. Moreover, HMX2-EPS could improve the diversity of intestinal microbiota in juvenile fish, increase the abundance of potential probiotics, and reduce the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. The function of gut microbes in metabolism and the immune system could also be improved. All results showed better effects with high concentrations of HMX2-EPS. These results indicated that HMX2-EPS supplementation in the diet could promote growth, improve antioxidant activity, digestive capacity, and immunity capacity, and actively regulate the intestinal microbiota of juvenile turbot. In conclusion, this study might provide basic technical and scientific support for the application of L. plantarum in aquatic feed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gege Hu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Tongji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zengjia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, Jiang G, Tian Y. Biological activities and applications of exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria: a mini-review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:155. [PMID: 37039945 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are naturally occurring high-molecular-weight carbohydrates that have been widely studied for their biological activities, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer and gut microbiota regulation activities. Polysaccharides are abundant in nature and can be derived from animals, plants, algae, and microorganisms, but among polysaccharides with potential uses, EPSs from microorganisms have the advantages of a short production cycle, high yield, and independence of production from season and climate and thus have broad prospects. While the safety of the producing microorganism can represent a problem in application of microbial EPSs, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used by humans for thousands of years, and they and their products are generally recognized as safe. This makes LAB excellent sources for exopolysaccharides. EPS-producing LAB are readily found in nature. Through screening of strains, optimization of culture conditions, and improvement of the growth medium, the yield of EPSs from LAB can be increased and the scope of application broadened. This review summarizes EPSs from LAB in terms of structure, function and applications, as well as yield optimization, and introduces recent research on the biological activities and practical applications of LAB EPSs, aiming to provide references for researchers in related areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Guangyang Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong J, Liu DM, Huang YY. Exopolysaccharides from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: isolation, purification, structure–function relationship, and application. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-023-04237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
|
11
|
Chioma Mgbodile F, Nwagu TNT. Probiotic therapy, African fermented foods and food-derived bioactive peptides in the management of SARS-CoV-2 cases and other viral infections. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 38:e00795. [PMID: 37041970 PMCID: PMC10066861 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The current paper focuses on the impact of probiotics, African fermented foods and bioactive peptides on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection severity and related viral infections. Using probiotics or bioactive peptides as therapeutic adjuncts appears superior to standard care alone. Probiotics play critical roles in innate and adaptive immune modulation by balancing the gut microbiota to combat viral infections, secondary bacterial infections and microbial dysbiosis. African fermented foods contain abundant potential probiotic microorganisms such as the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Saccharomyces, and Bacillus. More so, fermented food-derived bioactive peptides play vital roles in preventing cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, lung injury, diabetes, and other COVID-19 comorbidities. Regularly incorporating potential probiotics and bioactive peptides into diets should enable a build-up of the benefits in the body system that may result in a better prognosis, especially in COVID-19 patients with underlying complexities. Despite the reported therapeutic potentials of probiotics and fermented foods, numerous setbacks exist regarding their application in disease management. These shortfalls underscore an evident need for more studies to evaluate the specific potentials of probiotics and traditional fermented foods in ameliorating SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
Collapse
|
12
|
Song Y, Li S, Gong H, Yip RCS, Chen H. Biopharmaceutical applications of microbial polysaccharides as materials: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124259. [PMID: 37003381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological characteristics of natural polymers make microbial polysaccharides an excellent choice for biopharmaceuticals. Due to its easy purifying procedure and high production efficiency, it is capable of resolving the existing application issues associated with some plant and animal polysaccharides. Furthermore, microbial polysaccharides are recognized as prospective substitutes for these polysaccharides based on the search for eco-friendly chemicals. In this review, the microstructure and properties of microbial polysaccharides are utilized to highlight their characteristics and potential medical applications. From the standpoint of pathogenic processes, in-depth explanations are provided on the effects of microbial polysaccharides as active ingredients in the treatment of human diseases, anti-aging, and drug delivery. In addition, the scholarly developments and commercial applications of microbial polysaccharides as medical raw materials are also discussed. The conclusion is that understanding the use of microbial polysaccharides in biopharmaceuticals is essential for the future development of pharmacology and therapeutic medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yige Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Shuxin Li
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hao Gong
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Giordani B, Naldi M, Croatti V, Parolin C, Erdoğan Ü, Bartolini M, Vitali B. Exopolysaccharides from vaginal lactobacilli modulate microbial biofilms. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:45. [PMID: 36890519 PMCID: PMC9993704 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exopolysaccharides (EPS) secreted by beneficial lactobacilli exert a plethora of positive activities, but little is known about their effects on biofilms of opportunistic vaginal pathogens and especially on biofilms of lactobacilli themselves. Here, the EPS produced by six vaginal lactobacilli, belonging to Lactobacillus crispatus (BC1, BC4, BC5) and Lactobacillus gasseri (BC9, BC12, BC14) species were isolated from cultural supernatants and lyophilized. RESULTS Lactobacillus EPS were chemically characterized in terms of monosaccharide composition by liquid chromatography (LC) analysis coupled to UV and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Moreover, the ability of EPS (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/mL) to stimulate the biofilm formation of lactobacilli and to inhibit the formation of pathogens' biofilms was evaluated by crystal violet (CV) staining and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Isolated EPS (yields 133-426 mg/L) were heteropolysaccharides mainly composed of D-mannose (40-52%) and D-glucose (11-30%). For the first time we demonstrated that Lactobacillus EPS were able to stimulate in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05) the formation of biofilms of ten strains belonging to L. crispatus, L. gasseri and Limosilactobacillus vaginalis species, in terms of cell viability (84-282% increase at 1 mg/mL) and especially biofilm biomass (40-195% increase at 1 mg/mL), quantified with MTT assay and CV staining, respectively. EPS released from L. crispatus and L. gasseri were found to better stimulate the biofilms of the same producer species rather than that of other species, including producing strains themselves and other strains. Conversely, the biofilm formation of bacterial (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus agalactiae) and fungal (Candida spp.) pathogens was inhibited. The anti-biofilm activity was dose-dependent and was more marked for L. gasseri-derived EPS (inhibition up to 86%, 70%, and 58% at 1 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL, and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively), whilst L. crispatus-derived EPS resulted overall less efficient (inhibition up to 58% at 1 mg/mL and 40% at 0.5 mg/mL) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lactobacilli-derived EPS favour the biofilm formation of lactobacilli preventing, at the same time, that of opportunistic pathogens. These results support the possible employment of EPS as postbiotics in medicine as a therapeutic/preventive strategy to counteract vaginal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Giordani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vanessa Croatti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carola Parolin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Vitali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cho Y, Han HT, Kim TR, Sohn M, Park YS. Immunostimulatory activity of Lactococcus lactis LM1185 isolated from Hydrangea macrophylla. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:497-506. [PMID: 36911332 PMCID: PMC9992465 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis LM1185 was isolated from Hydrangea macrophylla. Strain LM1185 showed 50.5% of acid tolerance at pH 2.5 for 2 h and 30.4% of 0.3% (w/v) bile salt tolerance for 24 h. The antioxidant activity of this strain was measured at 99.4% of 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity. When RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with strain LM1185, there was no observed cytotoxicity. This strain showed high nitric oxide production and mRNA expression levels of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The nuclear factor-kB signaling pathway was activated by this strain resulting in the production of iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 determined by western blotting. The present results indicated that L. lactis subsp. lactis LM1185 could be used as potential probiotics and may play a crucial role in the immunostimulatory effect on macrophages. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01199-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjeong Cho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Tak Han
- Center for Research and Development, LACTOMASON, Jinju, 52840 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-rahk Kim
- Center for Research and Development, LACTOMASON, Jinju, 52840 Republic of Korea
| | - Minn Sohn
- Center for Research and Development, LACTOMASON, Jinju, 52840 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seo Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bai J, Wang S, Xu F, Dong M, Wang J, Sun X, Xiao G. L. reuteri JMR-01 adjuvant 12C 6+ irradiation exerts anti-colon carcinoma effects by modulating the gut microbiota in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:779-790. [PMID: 36731457 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2142979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics such as Lactobacillus could modulate the intestinal microbiota and have been considered as an effective strategy for ameliorating colon carcinoma. Nevertheless, its efficiency remains the biggest challenge. METHODS We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri JMR-01 adjuvant 12C6+ irradiation on CT-26 syngeneic mouse models. Meanwhile, intestinal flora and innate immunity were examined to outline mechanisms. RESULTS Anti-proliferation effect of live probiotic combined with inactivated probiotic JMR-01 (LP + IP) on CT-26 reached a maximum of 39.55% among other experiment groups at 24 h when the ratio of cell to CFU was 1:1 in vitro. These activities have been fully validated in vivo, tumor-bearing mice treated by 12C6+ irradiation combining with living and inactivated probiotics JMR-01 (IR + LP + IP) for 50-day held the highest survival rate (71.4%) and complete remission rate (14.3%). We also demonstrated significant fluctuation in gut microbiota, including the decreased abundance of Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium perfringens related to tumorigenesis and development, and the increased abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium closely associated with health restoration in fecal of mice treated with JMR-01 LP + IP adjuvant 12C6+ irradiation (IR + LP + IP). Similarly, the decreasing nitroreductase activities and increasing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations were observed in IR + LP + IP group compared with tumor control group, which further confirmed the changes of gut microbiota. Additionally, we found that the strongest stimulation index of splenocyte (2.47) and the phagocytosis index peritoneal macrophage (3.68) were achieved by LP + IP compared with single live JMR-01 (LP) and inactivated JMR-01 (IP). CONCLUSIONS JMR-01 LP + IP adjuvant 12C6+ irradiation could mitigate cancer progression by modulating innate immunity as well as intestinal flora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bai
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China.,College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shuyang Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China.,College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China.,College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Miaoyin Dong
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xisi Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China.,College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guoqing Xiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China.,College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, Chen K, Ning M, Wang X, Wang Z, Yue Y, Yuan Y, Yue T. Intake of Pro- and/or Prebiotics as a Promising Approach for Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200474. [PMID: 36349520 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer, posing a serious threat to human life. It is widely believed that dietary factors may be crucial modifiers of CRC risk, with pro-and/or prebiotics being especially promising. In this review, a synthesis of CRC prevention and treatment of strategies relying on usage of pro- and/or prebiotics supplements is given, as well as discuss mechanisms underlying the contribution of pro-and/or prebiotics to the suppression of colonic carcinogenesis. Furthermore, a framework for personalizing such supplements according to the composition of an individual's gut microbiome is suggested. Various factors including diversity of one's intestinal microflora, integrity of their intestinal barrier, and the presence of mutagenic/carcinogenic/genotoxic and beneficial compounds are known to have a prominent influence on the development of CRC; thus, clarifying the role of pro- and/or prebiotics will yield valuable insight toward optimizing interventions for enhanced patient outcomes in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mengge Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhouli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Xi'an Gaoxin No.1 High School, Xi'an, 71000, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang S, Xu X, Peng Q, Ma L, Qiao Y, Shi B. Exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria, as an alternative to antibiotics, on regulation of intestinal health and the immune system. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2023; 13:78-89. [PMID: 37025257 PMCID: PMC10070398 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Over-use or misuse of antibiotics in livestock and poultry production contributes to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance in animals and has negative ecological effects. Exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria (LAB-EPS) are a class of biological macromolecules which are secreted by lactic acid bacteria to the outside of the cell wall during their growth and metabolism. Numerous studies demonstrated that LAB-EPS have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities and are able to regulate intestinal health and the immune system in livestock. They are biodegradable, nontoxic and bio-compatible, which are considered as ideal alternatives to antibiotics. This review aims to discuss and summarize recent research findings of LAB-EPS on regulation of intestinal health and the immune system in animals, and thus provide scientific justification for commercial applications of LAB-EPS in livestock.
Collapse
|
18
|
Du R, Yu L, Sun M, Ye G, Yang Y, Zhou B, Qian Z, Ling H, Ge J. Characterization of Dextran Biosynthesized by Glucansucrase from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides and Their Potential Biotechnological Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020275. [PMID: 36829833 PMCID: PMC9952297 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucansucrase was purified from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. The glucansucrase exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 30 °C. Ca2+ significantly promoted enzyme activity. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was synthesized by this glucansucrase in vitro and purified. The molecular weight of the EPS was 3.083 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the main structure of glucan was 97.3% α-(1→6)-linked D-glucopyranose units, and α-(1→3) branched chain accounted for 2.7%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of dextran showed that its surface was smooth and flaky. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of dextran revealed a chain-like microstructure with many irregular protuberances in aqueous solution. The results showed that dextran had good thermal stability, water holding capacity, water solubility and emulsifying ability (EA), as well as good antioxidant activity; thus it has broad prospects for development in the fields of food, biomedicine, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Du
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liansheng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guangbin Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bosen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhigang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongzhi Ling
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-0451-86609134 (H.L.); Fax: +86-0451-86608046 (J.G.)
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-0451-86609134 (H.L.); Fax: +86-0451-86608046 (J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Meng F, Lyu Y, Zhao H, Lyu F, Bie X, Lu Y, Zhao M, Chen Y, Lu Z. LsrR-like protein responds to stress tolerance by regulating polysaccharide biosynthesis in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1193-1203. [PMID: 36436601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their biological functions, polysaccharides assist Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in resisting harsh conditions. To enhance the polysaccharide biosynthesis and increase the survival of L. plantarum in gut environment. We analyzed the transcriptional regulators that regulated the polysaccharide biosynthesis. A new transcriptional inhibitor, LsrR (UniProtKB: Q88YH7), had been identified, which repressed polysaccharide synthesis by binding to the polysaccharide synthesis promoter cps4A-J (Pcps4A-J). The EPSs and CPSs production of L. plantarum 163 was reduced by 42 % and 36 % (p < 0.05), respectively, when lsrR was overexpressed. Furthermore, alkaline shock proteins Asp2 and Asp1, heat shock protein Hsp3, and an autoinducer-2 (AI-2) related quorum-sensing regulator Rrp6 recovered the synthesis of polysaccharides to 50, 33, 55, and 60 %, respectively, by inhibiting the LsrR activity. This suggested that LsrR regulates polysaccharide synthesis in response to external stress signals such as pH, temperature, and AI-2 concentration. Finally, we showed that polysaccharides increased the survival rate of L. plantarum (Lp163-ΔlsrR) by 2.1 times during lyophilization and enhanced its tolerance to pH 2.0 and 0.2 % bile salts by 15.3 and 60 times due to increased capsular thickness and enhanced the autoaggregation. We provide critical data regarding Lactobacillus survival during preservative lyophilization and under gastrointestinal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanqiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunbin Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, 3 Wenyuan Road, Xianlin University Town, Nanjing 21003, China
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kaur N, Dey P. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Emerging Bioactive Macromolecules: From Fundamentals to Applications. Res Microbiol 2022; 174:104024. [PMID: 36587857 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular carbohydrate polymers forming capsules or slimy coating around the cells. EPS can be secreted by various bacterial genera that can help bacterial cells in attachment, environmental adaptation, stress tolerance and are an integral part of microbial biofilms. Several gut commensals (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) produce EPS that possess diverse bioactivities. Bacterial EPS also has extensive commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Owing to the structural and functional diversity, genetic and metabolic engineering strategies are currently employed to increase EPS production. Therefore, the current review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of bacterial exopolysaccharides, including their classification, source, biosynthetic pathways, and functions in the microbial community. The review also provides an overview of the diverse bioactivities of microbial EPS, including immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer properties. Since several gut microbes are EPS producers and gut microbiota helps maintain a functional gut barrier, emphasis has been given to the intestinal-level bioactivities of the gut microbial EPS. Collectively, the review provides a comprehensive overview of microbial bioactive exopolysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hamidi M, Okoro OV, Rashidi K, Salami MS, Mirzaei Seveiri R, Samadian H, Shavandi A. Evaluation of two fungal exopolysaccharides as potential biomaterials for wound healing applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:49. [PMID: 36542187 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are mostly produced by bacteria and fungi and have potential use in the production of biomedical products such as nutraceuticals and in tissue engineering applications. The present study investigated the in vitro biological activities and in vivo wound healing effects of EPSs produced from a Sclerotium-forming fungus (Sclerotium glucanicum DSM 2159) and a yeast (Rhodosporidium babjevae), denoted as scleroglucan (Scl) and EPS-R, respectively. EPS yields of 0.9 ± 0.07 g/L and 1.11 ± 0.4 g/L were obtained from S. glucanicum and R. babjevae, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the EPSs were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Further investigations of the biological properties showed that both EPSs were cytocompatible toward the human fibroblast cell line and demonstrated hemocompatibility. Favorable wound healing capacities of the EPSs (10 mg/mL) were also established via in vivo tests. The present study therefore showed that the EPSs produced by S. glucanicum and R. babjevae have the potential use as biocompatible components for the promotion of dermal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Salami
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Characterization of Novel Exopolysaccharides from Enterococcus hirae WEHI01 and Its Immunomodulatory Activity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213538. [DOI: 10.3390/foods11213538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) from probiotic Enterococcus hirae WEHI01 was isolated and purified by anion exchange chromatography and gel chromatography, the results of which show that the EPS consists of four fractions, namely I01-1, I01-2, I01-3, and I01-4. As the main purification components, I01-2 and I01-4 were preliminarily characterized for their structure and their immunomodulatory activity was explored. The molecular weight of I01-2 was 2.28 × 104 Da, which consists mainly of galactose, and a few other sugars including glucose, arabinose, mannose, xylose, fucose, and rhamnose, while the I01-4 was composed of galactose only and has a molecular weight of 2.59 × 104 Da. Furthermore, the results of an evaluation of immunomodulatory activity revealed that I01-2 and I01-4 could improve the viability of macrophage cells, improve phagocytosis, boost NO generation, and encourage the release of cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results imply that I01-2 and I01-4 could improve macrophage-mediated immune responses and might be useful in the production of functional food and medications.
Collapse
|
23
|
Khan R, Shah MD, Shah L, Lee PC, Khan I. Bacterial polysaccharides-A big source for prebiotics and therapeutics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1031935. [PMID: 36407542 PMCID: PMC9671505 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1031935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial polysaccharides are unique due to their higher purity, hydrophilic nature, and a finer three-dimensional fibrous structure. Primarily, these polymers provide protection, support, and energy to the microorganism, however, more recently several auxiliary properties of these biopolymers have been unmasked. Microbial polysaccharides have shown therapeutic abilities against various illnesses, augmented the healing abilities of the herbal and Western medicines, improved overall health of the host, and have exerted positive impact on the growth of gut dwelling beneficial bacteria. Specifically, the review is discussing the mechanism through which bacterial polysaccharides exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. In addition, they are holding promising application in the 3D printing. The review is also discussing a perspective about the metagenome-based screening of polysaccharides, their integration with other cutting-edge tools, and synthetic microbiome base intervention of polysaccharides as a strategy for prebiotic intervention. This review has collected interesting information about the bacterial polysaccharides from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Up to our knowledge, this is the first of its kind review article that is summarizing therapeutic, prebiotics, and commercial application of bacterial polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raees Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Dawood Shah
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Luqman Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Ping-Chin Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang X, Tian J, Zhang X, Tang N, Rui X, Zhang Q, Dong M, Li W. Characterization and Immunological Activity of Exopolysaccharide from Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GL1 Isolated from Tibetan Kefir Grains. Foods 2022; 11:3330. [PMID: 36359942 PMCID: PMC9656536 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Two exopolysaccharide fractions (GL1-E1 and GL1-E2) of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GL1 were isolated with the molecular weights of 3.9 × 105 Da and 8.2 × 105 Da, respectively. Both fractions possessed mannose, glucose, and galactose in molar ratios of 1.16:1.00:0.1, and 3.81:1.00:0.12, respectively. A structural arrangement of two fractions was proposed by methylation, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. The backbone of GL1-E1 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp(1→, and →6)-α-D-Galp(1→ with α-D-Glcp at branching point. The backbone of GL1-E2 consisted of →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Manp(1→, →6)-α-D-Galp(1→, and →4)-β-D-Manp(1→, and the side chain also consisted of α-D-Manp residue. In addition, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated that both GL1-E1 and GL1-E2 had good thermal stability. Furthermore, the two fractions could promote the viability of RAW264.7 cells and exert an immunomodulatory role by enhancing phagocytosis, increasing nitric oxide (NO) release and promoting the expression of cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu Y, Liu Q, Zhao J, Zhang H, Zhai Q, Chen W. Strain-specific regulative effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal barrier dysfunction are associated with their capsular polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1343-1352. [PMID: 36126811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is integral to the host's defense, and disrupting its integrity contributes to gut and systemic diseases. Lactobacillus plantarum has been widely reported to exhibit a protective effect on the gut barrier. However, the strain-specific mechanism of this bacterium's function remains unclear. This study characterized the regulative effects of 55 L. plantarum strains on the intestinal barrier using TNF-α-induced Caco-2 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis animal model and found that the regulative effect is strain-specific. Comparative genomic analysis suggested that the ability of L. plantarum to regulate the intestinal barrier is exerted in part by genes encoding proteins associated with polysaccharide synthesis. This observation was verified using surface protein/capsular polysaccharides separation experiments. Structural analysis of capsular polysaccharides showed that molecular weight and mole ratios of monosaccharide compositions may play important roles in strain-specific protective effects on the gut barrier. This study identified different effects of L. plantarum strains on intestinal barrier dysfunction and proved that this regulative ability relies on the characteristic of the capsular polysaccharides of the strains. Thus, our data provided genetic targets and molecular for screening L. plantarum strains with the ability to protect the gut barrier, and suggested the capsular polysaccharides of L. plantarum may be explored as a potential functional food component against intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research, Institute Wuxi Branch, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Al-Nabulsi AA, Jaradat ZW, Qudsi F, Elsalem L, Osaili TM, Olaimat AN, Esposito G, Liu SQ, Ayyash MM. Characterization and bioactive properties of exopolysaccharides produced by Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from labaneh. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
27
|
Exopolysaccharides of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Production, Purification and Health Benefits towards Functional Food. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142938. [PMID: 35889895 PMCID: PMC9319976 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are capable of synthesising metabolites known as exopolysaccharides (EPS) during fermentation. Traditionally, EPS plays an important role in fermented dairy products through their gelling and thickening properties, but they can also be beneficial to human health. This bioactivity has gained attention in applications for functional foods, which leads them to have prebiotic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-tumour, cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity activity. Understanding the parameters and conditions is crucial to optimising the EPS yields from LAB for applications in the food industry. This review provides an overview of the functional food market together with the biosynthesis of EPS. Factors influencing the production of EPS as well as methods for isolation, characterisation and quantification are reviewed. Finally, the health benefits associated with EPS are discussed.
Collapse
|
28
|
Anionic exopolysaccharide from Cryptococcus laurentii 70766 as an alternative for alginate for biomedical hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:370-380. [PMID: 35613678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are widely used polysaccharides for biomaterials engineering, which functional properties depend on guluronic and mannuronic acid as the building blocks. In this study, enzymatically crosslinked hydrogels based on sodium alginate (Na-Alg) and the exopolysaccharide (EPS) derived from Cryptococcus laurentii 70766 with glucuronic acid residues were synthesized and characterized as a new potential source of polysaccharide for biomaterials engineering. The EPS was extracted (1.05 ± 0.57 g/L) through ethanol precipitation. Then the EPS and Na-Alg were functionalized with tyramine hydrochloride to produce enzymatically crosslinked hydrogels in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and H2O2. Major characteristics of the hydrogels such as gelling time, swelling ratio, rheology, cell viability, and biodegradability were studied. The swelling ratio and degradation profile of both hydrogels showed negative values, indicating an increased crosslinking degree and a lower water uptake percentage. The EPS hydrogel showed similar gelation kinetics compared to the Alg hydrogel. The EPS and its hydrogel were found cytocompatible. The results indicate the potential of EPS from C. laurentii 70766 for biomedical engineering due to its biocompatibility and degradability. Further studies are needed to confirm this EPS as an alternative for Alg in tissue engineering applications, particularly in the development of wound dressing products.
Collapse
|
29
|
Xu W, Cao F, Zhao M, Fu X, Yin S, Sun Y, Valencak TG, Ren D. Macrophage activation by exopolysaccharides from Streptococcus thermophilus fermented milk through TLRs-mediated NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108875. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
30
|
Hamidi M, Valentine Okoro O, Ianiri G, Jafari H, Rashidi K, Ghasemi S, Castoria R, Palmieri D, Delattre C, Pierre G, Mirzaei M, Nie L, Samadian H, Shavandi A. Exopolysaccharide from the yeast Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV for skin wound healing. J Adv Res 2022; 46:61-74. [PMID: 35760297 PMCID: PMC10105244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high-value functional biomaterials mainly produced by bacteria and fungi, with nutraceutical, therapeutic and industrial potentials. OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize and assess the biological properties of the EPS produced by the yeast Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV. METHODS After extracting the yeast's DNA and its molecular identification, the EPS from P. terrestris PT22AV strain was extracted and its physicochemical properties (structural, morphological, monosaccharide composition and molecular weight) were characterized. The EPS's in vitro biological activities and in vivo wound healing potential were also evaluated. RESULTS The obtained EPS was water-soluble and revealed an average molecular weight (Mw) of 202 kDa. Mannose and glucose with 97% and 3% molar percentages, respectively, constituted the EPS. In vitro antibacterial activity analysis of the extracted EPS exhibited antibacterial activity (>80%) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. The EPS showed cytocompatibility against the human fibroblast and macrophage cell lines and the animal studies showed a dose-dependent wound healing capacity of the EPS with higher wound closure at 10 mg/mL compared to negative and positive control after 14 days. CONCLUSION The EPS from P. terrestris PT22AV could serve as a promising source of biocompatible macromolecules with potential for skin wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Ianiri
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Hafez Jafari
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghasemi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Raffaello Castoria
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Davide Palmieri
- Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mahta Mirzaei
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen L, Gu Q, Zhou T. Statistical Optimization of Novel Medium to Maximize the Yield of Exopolysaccharide From Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ZFM216 and Its Immunomodulatory Activity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924495. [PMID: 35719166 PMCID: PMC9201479 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional media used for the fermentation of Lactobacilli always contain carbohydrate polymers, which interfere with the analysis of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by the bacteria. In this investigation, a novel medium formulation that could avoid such interference was successfully developed. The beef extract, yeast extract, and peptone used in this formulation were subjected to the removal of polysaccharides before use. The factors affecting the EPS production were optimized by a single factor test, Plackett–Burman design, and Box–Behnken design. The optimum formula was ascertained as: 7.5 g L–1 yeast extract, 12.5 g L–1 beef extract, 10 g L–1 peptone, 21.23 g L–1 maltose, 5.51 g L–1 yeast nitrogen base, 2 g L–1 K2HPO4, 5 g L–1 anhydrous sodium acetate, 2 g L–1 ammonium citrate, 0.58 g L–1 MgSO4⋅7H2O, 0.25 g L–1 MnSO4⋅H2O, and 1 mL L–1 Tween 80. The initial pH of the medium was 6.5. The optimized conditions for fermentation of the strain to produce EPS were as follows: seed size 1%, culture temperature 37°C, and culture time 20 h. Optimum results showed that EPS yield was 496.64 ± 3.15 mg L–1, being 76.70% higher than that of unoptimized conditions (281.07 ± 5.90 mg L–1). The EPS was mainly comprised of glucose and guluronic acid, with a weight average molecular weight of 19.9 kDa; it was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV analysis. EPS was found to significantly enhance the phagocytic capacity, promote the NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 secretion, and improve mRNA expression of cytokines in RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating its considerable immunomodulatory activity. Western bolt and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the EPS was able to increase p65 nuclear translocation in the macrophages, indicating that EPS enhanced immunity via the NF-κB signaling pathway. EPS investigated in this work has potential as an attractive functional food supplement candidate for the hypoimmunity population.
Collapse
|
32
|
Rajoka MSR, Mehwish HM, Kitazawa H, Barba FJ, Berthelot L, Umair M, Zhu Q, He Z, Zhao L. Techno-functional properties and immunomodulatory potential of exopolysaccharide from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MM89 isolated from human breast milk. Food Chem 2022; 377:131954. [PMID: 34973591 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An exopolysaccharide, designated as MM89-EPS, was isolated from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MM89. It was comprised of glucose and mannose molecules with an average molecular weight of 138 kDa. FTIR and NMR spectra showed that MM89-EPS had characteristic polysaccharide functional groups. MM89-EPS displayed excellent water solubility and capacities to retain water and oil due to its porous structure. MM89-EPS exhibited no significant cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 cells and showed strong immunomodulatory activity by increasing phagocytosis, acid phosphatase activity, and cytokine production in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, an in vivo study revealed that splenic indices, intestinal IgA levels, serum cytokine levels, and lymphocyte proliferation were increased in an MM89-EPS-treated cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model. To summarize, our results indicate that MM89-EPS can efficiently enhance the immunostimulatory activity of immune cells and an immunosuppressed mouse model. Hence, MM89-EPS may be use as a potential source of immunomodulatory agent in various food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan.
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 València, Spain.
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
| | - Muhammad Umair
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Qinchang Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Zhendan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China.
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pourjafar H, Ansari F, Sadeghi A, Samakkhah SA, Jafari SM. Functional and health-promoting properties of probiotics' exopolysaccharides; isolation, characterization, and applications in the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8194-8225. [PMID: 35266799 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2047883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular sugar metabolites/polymers of some slim microorganisms and, a wide variety of probiotics have been broadly investigated for their ability to produce EPS. EPS originated from probiotics have potential applications in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetology, wastewater treatment, and textiles industries, nevertheless slight is recognized about their function. The present review purposes to comprehensively discuss the structure, classification, biosynthesis, extraction, purification, sources, health-promoting properties, techno-functional benefits, application in the food industry, safety, toxicology, analysis, and characterization methods of EPS originated from probiotic microorganisms. Various studies have shown that probiotic EPS used as stabilizers, emulsifiers, gelling agents, viscosifiers, and prebiotics can alter the nutritional, texture, and rheological characteristics of food and beverages and play a major role in improving the quality of these products. Numerous studies have also proven the beneficial health effects of probiotic EPS, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antibiofilm, antiulcer, and antitoxin activities. Although the use of probiotic EPS has health effects and improves the organoleptic and textural properties of food and pharmaceutical products and there is a high tendency for their use in related industries, the production yield of these products is low and requires basic studies to support their products in large scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Ansari
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shohre Alian Samakkhah
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary of Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technology, Amol, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
In situ exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 and its effect on gel properties of Sayram ketteki yoghurt. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:314-323. [PMID: 35278514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In order to study the mechanism of high viscosity of Sayram ketteki yoghurt, the growth, acidification properties, in situ exopolysaccharides (EPS) production of Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 in milk medium were investigated. The microstructure of the yoghurt was analyzed. The characteristics of in situ EPS produced by this strain in yoghurt were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) analysis. The amount of in situ EPS produced could be up to 689.47 mg/L. The micrographs of Sayram ketteki yoghurt demonstrated that the in situ EPS secreted by ropy L. helveticus MB2-1 were closely connected with proteins, effectively filling the three-dimensional network structure of casein clusters, thereby resulting in high viscosity of yoghurt. Besides, the molecular weight of in situ EPS was 9.34 × 104 Da, and the in situ EPS was determined to be a new heteropolysaccharide, containing fucose, which made it unique. Moreover, the set yoghurts added with in situ EPS were demonstrated fine effects on the texture improvement. These results illustrated that L. helveticus MB2-1 could be set as a good starter and the in situ EPS could be considered as a probiotic stabilizer substitute for fermented dairy products.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kim JH, Kim DH, Jo S, Cho MJ, Cho YR, Lee YJ, Byun S. Immunomodulatory functional foods and their molecular mechanisms. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1-11. [PMID: 35079119 PMCID: PMC8787967 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system comprises a complex group of processes that provide defense against diverse pathogens. These defenses can be divided into innate and adaptive immunity, in which specific immune components converge to limit infections. In addition to genetic factors, aging, lifestyle, and environmental factors can influence immune function, potentially affecting the susceptibility of the host to disease-causing agents. Chemical compounds in certain foods have been shown to regulate signal transduction and cell phenotypes, ultimately impacting pathophysiology. Research has shown that the consumption of specific functional foods can stimulate the activity of immune cells, providing protection against cancer, viruses, and bacteria. Here, we review a number of functional foods reported to strengthen immunity, including ginseng, mushrooms, chlorella, and probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum). We also discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the activity of various types of immune cells. Identifying immune-enhancing functional foods and understanding their mechanisms of action will support new approaches to maintain proper health and combat immunological diseases. Evidence is building to support the idea that specific ‘functional foods’ can stimulate the activity of cells and signaling systems of the immune system to provide protection against cancer, viruses and bacteria. Sanguine Byun and colleagues at Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea, review research into a range of functional foods, foods thought to have health benefits beyond their nutritional value. These include ginseng, mushrooms, the green algae called Chlorella and the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum. They also consider individual components of foods such as poly-gamma-glutamate, a natural polymer made by bacteria. A wide body of research is revealing diverse molecular mechanisms through which biochemicals in functional foods can modulate different aspects of the immune system. These include effects on both non-specific innate immunity and adaptive immunity, which targets specific invading pathogens and diseased cells.
Collapse
|
36
|
Khani N, Abedi Soleimani R, Noorkhajavi G, Abedi Soleimani A, Abbasi A, Homayouni Rad A. Postbiotics as Potential Promising Tools for SARS‐COV‐2 Disease Adjuvant Therapy. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:4097-4111. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Khani
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences Nutrition Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Roya Abedi Soleimani
- Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences Nutrition Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ghasem Noorkhajavi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Azar Abedi Soleimani
- Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Student Research Committee Department of Food Science and Technology National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Aziz Homayouni Rad
- Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences Nutrition Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jurášková D, Ribeiro SC, Silva CCG. Exopolysaccharides Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria: From Biosynthesis to Health-Promoting Properties. Foods 2022; 11:156. [PMID: 35053888 PMCID: PMC8774684 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has attracted particular interest in the food industry. EPS can be considered as natural biothickeners as they are produced in situ by LAB and improve the rheological properties of fermented foods. Moreover, much research has been conducted on the beneficial effects of EPS produced by LAB on modulating the gut microbiome and promoting health. The EPS, which varies widely in composition and structure, may have diverse health effects, such as glycemic control, calcium and magnesium absorption, cholesterol-lowering, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. In this article, the latest advances on structure, biosynthesis, and physicochemical properties of LAB-derived EPS are described in detail. This is followed by a summary of up-to-date methods used to detect, characterize and elucidate the structure of EPS produced by LAB. In addition, current strategies on the use of LAB-produced EPS in food products have been discussed, focusing on beneficial applications in dairy products, gluten-free bakery products, and low-fat meat products, as they positively influence the consistency, stability, and quality of the final product. Highlighting is also placed on reports of health-promoting effects, with particular emphasis on prebiotic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, anti-biofilm, antimicrobial, anticancer, and drug-delivery activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Celia C. G. Silva
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal; (D.J.); (S.C.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mirashrafi S, Moravejolahkami AR, Balouch Zehi Z, Hojjati Kermani MA, Bahreini-Esfahani N, Haratian M, Ganjali Dashti M, Pourhossein M. The efficacy of probiotics on virus titres and antibody production in virus diseases: A systematic review on recent evidence for COVID-19 treatment. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:1-8. [PMID: 34857182 PMCID: PMC8539817 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS There are some studies indicating the effects of probiotic-containing foods or supplements on viral diseases. We aimed to conduct a rapid review of probiotics with specific emphasis on their potential for early administration in patients at greater risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science up to February 2021 to identify interventional and observational studies documenting the effects of probiotics strains on interleukins, virus titers, and antibody production with a focus on probiotic-containing foods (PROSPERO Registration ID. CRD42020181453) RESULTS: From a total of 163 records, 21 studies were classified into three domains based on the efficacy of probiotics on 1) the level of interleukins (n = 7), 2) virus titers (n = 2), and 3) interferon (IFN) and antibody production (n = 12). The suppuration of pro-inflammatory interleukins and type I INF production seemed to be the main anti-viral effect of probiotics. Nine studies also indicated the beneficial effects of probiotics and fermented foods on viral diseases. CONCLUSION Based on evidence, some probiotic strains may be useful in viral infections; randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Mirashrafi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Moravejolahkami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding author. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar-Jerib Ave, Isfahan, Iran. P.O. Box 81746-73461. Fax: +98(31)36681378
| | - Zakiyeh Balouch Zehi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nimah Bahreini-Esfahani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Haratian
- Department of Nutrition, Vice Chancellor of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Marjan Ganjali Dashti
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Meraj Pourhossein
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding author. Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar-Jerib Ave, Isfahan, Iran. P.O. Box 81746-73461. Fax: +1 519 721. 7430
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cao F, Liang M, Liu J, Liu Y, Renye JA, Qi PX, Ren D. Characterization of an exopolysaccharide (EPS-3A) produced by Streptococcus thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01 isolated from traditional yak yogurt. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:1331-1343. [PMID: 34673108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yak yogurt, one of the naturally fermented dairy products prepared by local herdsmen in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, contains a diverse array of microorganisms. We isolated and identified a novel Streptococcus thermophilus strain, ZJUIDS-2-01, from the traditional yak yogurt. We further purified and carried out detailed structural, physiochemical, and bioactivity studies of an exopolysaccharide (EPS-3A) produced by S. thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of EPS-3A was estimated to be 1.38 × 106 Da by High-Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC). The monosaccharide analysis established its composition to be glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, and rhamnose in a ratio of 5.2:2.5:6.4:1.0. The molecular structure of EPS-3A was determined by the combination of permethylation analysis, FT-IR, and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The ζ-potential measurements indicated that EPS-3A had a pKa value of ~4.40. The DSC yielded a melting point (Tm) of 80.4 °C and enthalpy change (ΔH) of 578 J/g for EPS-3A, comparable to those of the xanthan gum (XG), a commercial EPS. EPS-3A exhibited better O/W emulsion stability and flocculating capacity than XG. Furthermore, it also demonstrated similar antioxidant activity to XG and promising in vitro antibacterial properties. This work evidenced that EPS-3A derived from S. thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01 holds the potential for food and industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiwei Cao
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - John A Renye
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Phoebe X Qi
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kaur S, Thukral SK, Kaur P, Samota MK. Perturbations associated with hungry gut microbiome and postbiotic perspectives to strengthen the microbiome health. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
41
|
Pandey M, Bhati A, Priya K, Sharma KK, Singhal B. Precision Postbiotics and Mental Health: the Management of Post-COVID-19 Complications. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 14:426-448. [PMID: 34806151 PMCID: PMC8606251 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The health catastrophe originated by COVID-19 pandemic construed profound impact on a global scale. However, a plethora of research studies corroborated convincing evidence conferring severity of infection of SARS-CoV-2 with the aberrant gut microbiome that strongly speculated its importance for development of novel therapeutic modalities. The intense exploration of probiotics has been envisaged to promote the healthy growth of the host, and restore intestinal microecological balance through various metabolic and physiological processes. The demystifying effect of probiotics cannot be defied, but there exists a strong skepticism related to their safety and efficacy. Therefore, molecular signature of probiotics termed as "postbiotics" are of paramount importance and there is continuous surge of utilizing postbiotics for enhancing health benefits, but little is explicit about their antiviral effects. Therefore, it is worth considering their prospective role in post-COVID regime that pave the way for exploring the pastoral vistas of postbiotics. Based on previous research investigations, the present article advocates prospective role of postbiotics in alleviating the health burden of viral infections, especially SARS-CoV-2. The article also posits current challenges and proposes a futuristic model describing the concept of "precision postbiotics" for effective therapeutic and preventive interventions that can be used for management of this deadly disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muskan Pandey
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201312, India
| | - Archana Bhati
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201312, India
| | - Kumari Priya
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201312, India
| | - K K Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Barkha Singhal
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201312, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Recent Advances in the Production of Exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Lactobacillus spp. and Its Application in the Food Industry: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132212429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) show remarkable properties in various food applications. In this review paper, EPS composition, structural characterization, biosynthesis pathways, and recent advancements in the context of application of EPS-producing Lactobacillus spp. in different food industries are discussed. Various chemical and physical properties of Lactobacillus EPS, such as the structural, rheological, and shelf-life enhancement of different food products, are mentioned. Moreover, EPSs play a characteristic role in starter culture techniques, yogurt production, immunomodulation, and potential prebiotics. It has been seen that the wastes of fermented and non-fermented products are used as biological food for EPS extraction. The main capabilities of probiotics are the use of EPS for technological properties such as texture and flavor enhancement, juiciness, and water holding capacities of specific food products. For these reasons, EPSs are used in functional and fermented food products to enhance the healthy activity of the human digestive system as well as for the benefit of the food industry to lower product damage and increase consumer demand. Additionally, some pseudocereals such as amaranth and quinoa that produce EPS also play an important role in improving the organoleptic properties of food-grade products. In conclusion, more attention should be given to sustainable extraction techniques of LAB EPS to enhance structural and functional use in the developmental process of food products to meet consumer preferences.
Collapse
|
43
|
Chaisuwan W, Phimolsiripol Y, Chaiyaso T, Techapun C, Leksawasdi N, Jantanasakulwong K, Rachtanapun P, Wangtueai S, Sommano SR, You S, Regenstein JM, Barba FJ, Seesuriyachan P. The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Preventing Viruses. Front Nutr 2021; 8:772033. [PMID: 34805253 PMCID: PMC8602887 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.772033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections may cause serious human diseases. For instance, the recent appearance of the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, has spread globally and is a serious public health concern. The consumption of healthy, proper, functional, and nutrient-rich foods has an important role in enhancing an individual's immune system and preventing viral infections. Several polysaccharides from natural sources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi have been considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration. They are safe, low-toxicity, biodegradable, and have biological activities. In this review, the bioactive polysaccharides derived from various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae were evaluated. Antiviral mechanisms of these polysaccharides were discussed. Finally, the potential use of microbial and algal polysaccharides as an antiviral and immune boosting strategy was addressed. The microbial polysaccharides exhibited several bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. Some microbes are able to produce sulfated polysaccharides, which are well-known to exert a board spectrum of biological activities, especially antiviral properties. Microbial polysaccharide can inhibit various viruses using different mechanisms. Furthermore, these microbial polysaccharides are also able to modulate immune responses to prevent and/or inhibit virus infections. There are many molecular factors influencing their bioactivities, e.g., functional groups, conformations, compositions, and molecular weight. At this stage of development, microbial polysaccharides will be used as adjuvants, nutrient supplements, and for drug delivery to prevent several virus infections, especially SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Worraprat Chaisuwan
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gangalla R, Gattu S, Palaniappan S, Ahamed M, Macha B, Thampu RK, Fais A, Cincotti A, Gatto G, Dama M, Kumar A. Structural Characterisation and Assessment of the Novel Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RK3 Exopolysaccharide on the Improvement of Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease Mice. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172842. [PMID: 34502882 PMCID: PMC8434388 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RK3 was isolated from a sugar mill effluent-contaminated soil and utilised to generate a potential polysaccharide with anti-Alzheimer's activity. Traditional and molecular methods were used to validate the strain. The polysaccharide produced by B. amyloliquefaciens RK3 was purified, and the yield was estimated to be 10.35 gL-1. Following purification, the polysaccharide was structurally and chemically analysed. The structural analysis revealed the polysaccharide consists of α-d-mannopyranose (α-d-Manp) and β-d-galactopyranose (β-d-Galp) monosaccharide units connected through glycosidic linkages (i.e., β-d-Galp(1→6)β-d-Galp (1→6)β-d-Galp(1→2)β-d-Galp(1→2)[β-d-Galp(1→6)]β-d-Galp(1→2)α-d-Manp(1→6)α-d-Manp (1→6)α-d-Manp(1→6)α-d-Manp(1→6)α-d-Manp). The scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy imaging of polysaccharides emphasise their compactness and branching in the usual tubular heteropolysaccharide structure. The purified exopolysaccharide significantly impacted the plaques formed by the amyloid proteins during Alzheimer's disease. Further, the results also highlighted the potential applicability of exopolysaccharide in various industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Gangalla
- Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, India;
| | - Sampath Gattu
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India;
| | - Sivasankar Palaniappan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (R.K.T.)
| | - Maqusood Ahamed
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Baswaraju Macha
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, India;
| | - Raja Komuraiah Thampu
- Department of Microbiology, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, India;
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (R.K.T.)
| | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Alberto Cincotti
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Gatto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Murali Dama
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (G.G.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Aitzhanova A, Oleinikova Y, Mounier J, Hymery N, Leyva Salas M, Amangeldi A, Saubenova M, Alimzhanova M, Ashimuly K, Sadanov A. Dairy associations for the targeted control of opportunistic Candida. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:143. [PMID: 34328568 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal and antibacterial activities of twenty-six combinations of lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, acetic acid bacteria and dairy yeasts inoculated in whey and milk were investigated. Associations including acetic acid bacteria were shown to suppress growth of the opportunistic yeast Candida albicans in well-diffusion assays. The protective effect of milk fermented with the two most promising consortia was confirmed in Caco-2 cell culture infected with C. albicans. Indeed, these fermented milks, after heat-treatment or not, suppressed lactate dehydrogenase release after 48 h while significant increase in LDH release was observed in the positive control (C. albicans alone) and with fermented milk obtained using commercial yogurt starter cultures. The analysis of volatile compounds in the cell-free supernatant using solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed accumulation of significant amount of acetic acid by the consortium composed of Lactobacillus delbrueckii 5, Lactobacillus gallinarum 1, Lentilactobacillus parabuchneri 3, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 33-4, Acetobacter syzygii 2 and Kluyveromyces marxianus 19, which corresponded to the zone of partial inhibition of C. albicans growth during well-diffusion assays. Interestingly, another part of anti-Candida activity, yielding small and transparent inhibition zones, was linked with the consortium cell fraction. This study showed a correlation between anti-Candida activity and the presence of acetic acid bacteria in dairy associations as well as a significant effect of two dairy associations against C. albicans in a Caco-2 cell model. These two associations may be promising consortia for developing functional dairy products with antagonistic action against candidiasis agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Aitzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Oleinikova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jérôme Mounier
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Nolwenn Hymery
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Marcia Leyva Salas
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, Univ Brest, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Alma Amangeldi
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Margarita Saubenova
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mereke Alimzhanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi ave., 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Kazhybek Ashimuly
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Amankeldy Sadanov
- Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbay Batyr str., 105, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Prete R, Alam MK, Perpetuini G, Perla C, Pittia P, Corsetti A. Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods. Foods 2021; 10:1653. [PMID: 34359523 PMCID: PMC8305620 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used in the food industry, mainly for the production of dairy products, are able to synthetize exopolysaccharides (EPS). EPS play a central role in the assessment of rheological and sensory characteristics of dairy products since they positively influence texture and organoleptic properties. Besides these, EPS have gained relevant interest for pharmacological and nutraceutical applications due to their biocompatibility, non-toxicity and biodegradability. These bioactive compounds may act as antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, antimicrobial and prebiotic agents. This review provides an overview of exopolysaccharide-producing LAB, with an insight on the factors affecting EPS production, their dairy industrial applications and health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Prete
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (R.P.); (M.K.A.); (P.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Mohammad Khairul Alam
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (R.P.); (M.K.A.); (P.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Giorgia Perpetuini
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (R.P.); (M.K.A.); (P.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Carlo Perla
- Dalton Biotecnologie srl, Spoltore, 65010 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Paola Pittia
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (R.P.); (M.K.A.); (P.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Aldo Corsetti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (R.P.); (M.K.A.); (P.P.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
The Conditioned Medium of Lactobacillus rhamnoides GG Regulates Microglia/Macrophage Polarization and Improves Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3376496. [PMID: 34337004 PMCID: PMC8289592 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3376496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnoides, a human intestinal colonizer, can act through various pathways to induce microglia/macrophages to produce cytokines and to polarize microglia/macrophages to different phenotypes to reduce the inflammatory response. In this article, we evaluated the treatment potential of the Lactobacillus rhamnoides GG conditioned medium (LGG-CM) in rat model with SCI (acute spinal cord injury), including functional, neurophysiological, and histological outcomes and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms. In our experiment, LGG-CM (30 mg/kg) was injected directly into the injury site in rats immediately after SCI. Measured by the BBB scale (Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale) and inclined plane test, rats in the LGG-CM-treated group showed better locomotor scores. Moreover, compared to the vehicle treatment group, LGG-CM increased the mRNA level of the M2 marker (CD206), and decreased that of the M1 marker (iNOS). Western blot assays showed that LGG-CM-treated SCI rats had a higher grayscale ratio of p65 and a lower ratio of p-IκBα/IκBα. Our study shows that local injection of LGG-CM after acute SCI can inhibit inflammatory responses and improve motor function recovery. These effects may be related with the inhibition to the NF-κB (The nuclear factor-kappa B) signal pathway which leads to M2 microglia/macrophage polarization.
Collapse
|
48
|
Xu W, Li C, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Ya M, Guo L. A snapshot study of the microbial community dynamics in naturally fermented cow's milk. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2053-2065. [PMID: 33841823 PMCID: PMC8020932 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural fermentation of milk is a prerequisite in the production of traditional dairy products and is considered a bioresource of fermentative microorganisms and probiotics. To understand the microbial dynamics during distinct fermentative phases, the roles of different microbes, and the relationship between bacteria and fungi, microbial community dynamics was investigated by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Natural, static fermentation of milk induces the formation of the underlying curds and the superficial sour cream (Zuohe in the Mongolian language). From an overall perspective, viable LAB increased remarkably. Yeast showed an initial increase in their abundance (from 0 hr to 24 hr), which was followed by a decrease, and mold was detected at the later stages of fermentation (after 68 hr). The observed trends in microbiota variation suggest an antagonistic interaction between bacteria (LAB) and fungi (yeast and mold). The beneficial bacterial and fungal genus and species (e.g., Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Dipodascus, Lactococcus lacti, Dipodascus australiensis) are gradually increased in concentration, and the potentially detrimental microbial genus and species (e.g., Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Mortierella, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Fusarium solani) decrease during the decline of bacterial and fungi diversity from natural fermentation. The study of microbial community dynamics could make a great contribution to understand the mechanism of natural fermentation of milk and the formation of curds and Zuohe, and to discover the potentially fermentative microbes for industrial starter cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Liang Xu
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| | - Chun‐Dong Li
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| | - Yuan‐Sheng Guo
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| | - Mei Ya
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| | - Liang Guo
- Xilingol Vocational CollegeXilin Gol Institute of BioengineeringXilin Gol Food Testing and Risk Assessment CenterXilinhotChina
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liang Y, Liu C, Yan S, Wang P, Wu B, Jiang C, Li X, Liu Y, Li X. A novel polysaccharide from plant fermentation extracts and its immunomodulatory activity in macrophage RAW264.7 cells. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1874884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Yan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binbin Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengzi Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Feng X, Zhang H, Lai PFH, Xiong Z, Ai L. Structure characterization of a pyruvated exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus plantarum AR307. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:113-120. [PMID: 33621574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A pyruvated exopolysaccharide designated as LPE-1 was isolated and purified from the fermentation broth of Lactobacillus plantarum AR307 and characterized for its chemical structure. The results indicated that LPE-1 contained galactopyranose (Galp) and glucopyranose (Glcp) at a molar ratio of 2: 1. The weight-averaged molecular weight (Mw) of LPE-1 was 605 kDa, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.57, intrinsic viscosity ([ƞ]) of 3.28 dL/g, Mark-Houwink-Sakurada exponent α of 0.65 and gyration of radius (Rg) of 36.10 nm. The results of GC-MS and NMR revealed that pyruvate (Pyr) was found to form cyclic ketals at O-4 and O-6 position of terminal galactopyranose (T-Galp). The backbone of LPE-1 was identified to be consisted of 1,4-β-D-Glcp (23.19%), 1,4-α-D-Glcp (11.38%) and 1,4,6-β-D-Galp (12.05%), branched by 1,6-β-D-Galp (38.88%) at O-6 position of 1,4,6-β-D-Galp residue and terminated by T-β-D-Galp (5.60%) or T-β-D-(4,6-Pyr)-Galp (8.90%). A possible structural unit was proposed for LPE-1 as follows: where Galp* is either T-β-D-(4,6-Pyr)-Galp or T-β-D-Galp. The presence of pyruvate group in LPE-1 would play an important role in improving the viscosity and plasticity of dairy products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowan Feng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Phoency F H Lai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| |
Collapse
|