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Naghib SM, Ahmadi B, Mikaeeli Kangarshahi B, Mozafari MR. Chitosan-based smart stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for gene delivery and gene therapy: Recent progresses on cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134542. [PMID: 39137858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Recent cancer therapy research has found that chitosan (Ch)-based nanoparticles show great potential for targeted gene delivery. Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, has exceptional properties, making it an ideal carrier for therapeutic genes. These nanoparticles can respond to specific stimuli like pH, temperature, and enzymes, enabling precise delivery and regulated release of genes. In cancer therapy, these nanoparticles have proven effective in delivering genes to tumor cells, slowing tumor growth. Adjusting the nanoparticle's surface, encapsulating protective agents, and using targeting ligands have also improved gene delivery efficiency. Smart nanoparticles based on chitosan have shown promise in improving outcomes by selectively releasing genes in response to tumor conditions, enhancing targeted delivery, and reducing off-target effects. Additionally, targeting ligands on the nanoparticles' surface increases uptake and effectiveness. Although further investigation is needed to optimize the structure and composition of these nanoparticles and assess their long-term safety, these advancements pave the way for innovative gene-focused cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran 1684613114, Iran.
| | - Bahar Ahmadi
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Interdisciplinary Technologies Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Mikaeeli Kangarshahi
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - M R Mozafari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative (ANNI), Monash University LPO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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2
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Liu J, Jiang Y, Chen L, Qian Z, Zhang Y. Associations between HIFs and tumor immune checkpoints: mechanism and therapy. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:2. [PMID: 38165484 PMCID: PMC10761656 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, which activates a variety of signaling pathways to enhance tumor cell growth and metabolism, is among the primary features of tumor cells. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have a substantial impact on a variety of facets of tumor biology, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and improved radiation resistance. HIFs induce hypoxia-adaptive responses in tumor cells. Many academics have presented preclinical and clinical research targeting HIFs in tumor therapy, highlighting the potential applicability of targeted HIFs. In recent years, the discovery of numerous pharmacological drugs targeting the regulatory mechanisms of HIFs has garnered substantial attention. Additionally, HIF inhibitors have attained positive results when used in conjunction with traditional oncology radiation and/or chemotherapy, as well as with the very promising addition of tumor immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs), which are employed in a range of cancer treatments over the past decades, are essential in tumor immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the use of immunotherapy has been severely hampered by tumor resistance and treatment-related toxicity. According to research, HIF inhibitors paired with CPIs may be game changers for multiple malignancies, decreasing malignant cell plasticity and cancer therapy resistance, among other things, and opening up substantial new pathways for immunotherapy drug development. The structure, activation mechanisms, and pharmacological sites of action of the HIF family are briefly reviewed in this work. This review further explores the interactions between HIF inhibitors and other tumor immunotherapy components and covers the potential clinical use of HIF inhibitors in combination with CPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiwen Qian
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Shang Q, Yu X, Sun Q, Li H, Sun C, Liu L. Polysaccharides regulate Th1/Th2 balance: A new strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115976. [PMID: 38043444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) cells have received extensive attention owing to their indispensable roles in anti-tumor immune responses. Th1 and Th2 cells are two key subsets of Th cells that exist in relative equilibrium through the secretion of cytokines that suppress their respective immune response. When the type of cytokine in the tumor microenvironment is altered, this equilibrium may be disrupted, leading to a shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response. Th1/Th2 imbalance is one of the decisive factors in the development of malignant tumors. Therefore, focusing on the balance of Th1/Th2 anti-tumor immune responses may enable future breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy. Polysaccharides can regulate the imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cells and their characteristic cytokine profiles, thereby improving the tumor immune microenvironment. To our knowledge, this study is the most comprehensive assessment of the regulation of the tumor Th1/Th2 balance by polysaccharides. Herein, we systematically summarized the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides in the regulation of Th1 and Th2 cells to provide a new perspective and potential target drugs for improved anti-tumor immunity and delayed tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Shang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Huayao Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China; Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261000, China.
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4
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Li T, Ashrafizadeh M, Shang Y, Nuri Ertas Y, Orive G. Chitosan-functionalized bioplatforms and hydrogels in breast cancer: immunotherapy, phototherapy and clinical perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103851. [PMID: 38092146 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and malignant tumor among women. Chitosan (CS)-based nanoparticles have been introduced into breast cancer therapy as a way to increase the targeted delivery of drugs and genes to the tumor site. CS nanostructures suppress tumorigenesis by enhancing both the targeted delivery of cargo (drug and gene) and its accumulation in tumor cells. The tumor cells internalize CS-based nanoparticles through endocytosis. Moreover, chitosan nanocarriers can also induce phototherapy-mediated tumor ablation. Smart and multifunctional types of CS nanoparticles, including pH-, light- and redox-responsive nanoparticles, can be used to improve the potential for breast cancer removal. In addition, the acceleration of immunotherapy by CS nanoparticles has also been achieved, and there is potential to develop CS-nanoparticle hydrogels that can be used to suppress tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Yuru Shang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology (UIRMI) (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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5
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Bigham A, Taheriazam A, Saghari Y, Mirzaei S, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Karimi-Maleh H, Nazarzadeh Zare E, Sharifi E, Ertas YN, Rabiee N, Sethi G, Shen M. (Nano)platforms in breast cancer therapy: Drug/gene delivery, advanced nanocarriers and immunotherapy. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2115-2176. [PMID: 37165896 DOI: 10.1002/med.21971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most malignant tumor in women, and there is no absolute cure for it. Although treatment modalities including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are utilized for breast cancer, it is still a life-threatening disease for humans. Nanomedicine has provided a new opportunity in breast cancer treatment, which is the focus of the current study. The nanocarriers deliver chemotherapeutic agents and natural products, both of which increase cytotoxicity against breast tumor cells and prevent the development of drug resistance. The efficacy of gene therapy is boosted by nanoparticles and the delivery of CRISPR/Cas9, Noncoding RNAs, and RNAi, promoting their potential for gene expression regulation. The drug and gene codelivery by nanoparticles can exert a synergistic impact on breast tumors and enhance cellular uptake via endocytosis. Nanostructures are able to induce photothermal and photodynamic therapy for breast tumor ablation via cell death induction. The nanoparticles can provide tumor microenvironment remodeling and repolarization of macrophages for antitumor immunity. The stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, including pH-, redox-, and light-sensitive, can mediate targeted suppression of breast tumors. Besides, nanoparticles can provide a diagnosis of breast cancer and detect biomarkers. Various kinds of nanoparticles have been employed for breast cancer therapy, including carbon-, lipid-, polymeric- and metal-based nanostructures, which are different in terms of biocompatibility and delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery and Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yalda Saghari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China
| | | | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingzhi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
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6
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Jia W, Huang Z, Zhou L, Liou YC, Di Virgilio F, Ulrich H, Illes P, Zhang W, Huang C, Tang Y. Purinergic signalling in cancer therapeutic resistance: From mechanisms to targeting strategies. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 70:100988. [PMID: 37413937 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Purinergic signalling, consisting of extracellular purines and purinergic receptors, modulates cell proliferation, invasion and immunological reaction during cancer progression. Here, we focus on current evidence that suggests the crucial role of purinergic signalling in mediating cancer therapeutic resistance, the major obstacle in cancer treatment. Mechanistically, purinergic signalling can modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anti-tumor immunity, thus affecting drug sensitivity of tumor cells. Currently, some agents attempting to target purinergic signalling either in tumor cells or in tumor-associated immune cells are under preclinical or clinical investigation. Moreover, nano-based delivery technologies significantly improve the efficacy of agents targeting purinergic signalling. In this review article, we summarize the mechanisms of purinergic signalling in promoting cancer therapeutic resistance and discuss the potentials and challenges of targeting purinergic signalling in future cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117573, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117573, Singapore
| | | | - Henning Ulrich
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter Illes
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitaet Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Institute of TCM-Based Stress Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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7
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Hu T, Huang Y, Liu J, Shen C, Wu F, He Z. Biomimetic Cell-Derived Nanoparticles: Emerging Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1821. [PMID: 37514008 PMCID: PMC10383408 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy can significantly prevent tumor growth and metastasis by activating the autoimmune system without destroying normal cells. Although cancer immunotherapy has made some achievements in clinical cancer treatment, it is still restricted by systemic immunotoxicity, immune cell dysfunction, cancer heterogeneity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME). Biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles are attracting considerable interest due to their better biocompatibility and lower immunogenicity. Moreover, biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles can achieve different preferred biological effects due to their inherent abundant source cell-relevant functions. This review summarizes the latest developments in biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy, discusses the applications of each biomimetic system in cancer immunotherapy, and analyzes the challenges for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuezhou Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fengbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Ye H, Zhao J, Xu X, Zhang D, Shen H, Wang S. Role of adenosine A2a receptor in cancers and autoimmune diseases. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e826. [PMID: 37102661 PMCID: PMC10091380 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors are P1 class of purinergic receptors that belong to G protein-coupled receptors. There are 4 subtypes of adenosine receptors, namely A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. A2AR has a high affinity for the ligand adenosine. Under pathological conditions or external stimuli, ATP is sequentially hydrolyzed to adenosine by CD39 and CD73. The combination of adenosine and A2AR can increase the concentration of cAMP and activate a series of downstream signaling pathways, and further playing the role of immunosuppression and promotion of tumor invasion. A2AR is expressed to some extent on various immune cells, where it is abnormally expressed on immune cells in cancers and autoimmune diseases. A2AR expression also correlates with disease progression. Inhibitors and agonists of A2AR may be potential new strategies for treatment of cancers and autoimmune diseases. We herein briefly reviewed the expression and distribution of A2AR, adenosine/A2AR signaling pathway, expression, and potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xuejing Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Dagan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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9
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Pang K, Wang W, Qin J, Shi Z, Hao L, Ma Y, Xu H, Wu Z, Pan D, Chen Z, Han C. Role of protein phosphorylation in cell signaling, disease, and the intervention therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e175. [DOI: 10.1002/mco2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical College Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Jia‐Xin Qin
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Zhen‐Duo Shi
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yu‐Yang Ma
- Graduate School Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Hao Xu
- Graduate School Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Zhuo‐Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John's University, Queens New York New York USA
| | - Deng Pan
- Graduate School Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Zhe‐Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences St. John's University, Queens New York New York USA
| | - Cong‐Hui Han
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical College The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Xuzhou Jiangsu China
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10
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Sharma VK, Liu X, Oyarzún DA, Abdel-Azeem AM, Atanasov AG, Hesham AEL, Barik SK, Gupta VK, Singh BN. Microbial polysaccharides: An emerging family of natural biomaterials for cancer therapy and diagnostics. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:706-731. [PMID: 34062265 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides (MPs) offer immense diversity in structural and functional properties. They are extensively used in advance biomedical science owing to their superior biodegradability, hemocompatibility, and capability to imitate the natural extracellular matrix microenvironment. Ease in tailoring, inherent bio-activity, distinct mucoadhesiveness, ability to absorb hydrophobic drugs, and plentiful availability of MPs make them prolific green biomaterials to overcome the significant constraints of cancer chemotherapeutics. Many studies have demonstrated their application to obstruct tumor development and extend survival through immune activation, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest by MPs. Synoptic investigations of MPs are compulsory to decode applied basics in recent inclinations towards cancer regimens. The current review focuses on the anticancer properties of commercially available and newly explored MPs, and outlines their direct and indirect mode of action. The review also highlights cutting-edge MPs-based drug delivery systems to augment the specificity and efficiency of available chemotherapeutics, as well as their emerging role in theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Sharma
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Diego A Oyarzún
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Azeem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Saroj K Barik
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom.
| | - Brahma N Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
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11
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Adibfar S, Masjedi A, Nazer A, Rashidi B, Karpisheh V, Izadi S, Hassannia H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Mohammadi H, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Tarokhian H, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Combined inhibition of EZH2 and CD73 molecules by folic acid-conjugated SPION-TMC nanocarriers loaded with siRNA molecules prevents TNBC progression and restores anti-tumor responses. Life Sci 2022; 309:121008. [PMID: 36179812 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal function or overexpression of CD73 and EZH2 within the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells enhances tumor growth and progression, and in many cases, causes drug resistance. Hence, it seems that silencing the expression of CD73 and EZH2 molecules in breast cancer reduces cancer development and enhances anti-tumor immune responses. METHODS we used siRNA-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIONs) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and functionalized with folic acid for co-delivery of EZH2/CD73 siRNAs to 4 T1 murine cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Combination therapy markedly inhibited cancer cells' proliferation, migration, and viability and induced apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, in vivo administration of this combination therapy promoted tumor regression and induced anti-tumor immune responses. DISCUSSION The findings indicated the CD73/EZH2 factors inhibition by SPION-TMC-FA NPs as a promising therapeutic strategy in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Atefeh Nazer
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bentolhoda Rashidi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hanieh Tarokhian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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12
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Yuan CS, Teng Z, Yang S, He Z, Meng LY, Chen XG, Liu Y. Reshaping hypoxia and silencing CD73 via biomimetic gelatin nanotherapeutics to boost immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 351:255-271. [PMID: 36165836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous hypoxic microenvironment at the tumor site helps to regulate hypoxic inducible factor (HIF-1α), up-regulate downstream CD73-adenosine (CD73-ADO) pathways, and further result in effector T cell function exhaustion, which is regarded as a crucial adverse factor in the poor clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB). How to reshape hypoxic microenvironment and silence CD73 remains a huge challenge to improve ICB therapeutic outcomes. In this study, cancer cell membrane-camouflaged gelatin nanoparticles (CSG@B16F10) were designed to co-deliver oxygen-generating agent catalase (CAT) and CD73siRNA, thus enhancing tumor oxygenation and alleviating CD73-ADO pathway-mediated T cell immunosuppression. The fabricated biomimetic nanoparticles could efficiently achieve immune evading and homologous targeting by virtue of the retention of cancer cell membrane protein. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-responsive gelatin nanoparticles were gradually disintegrated to accelerate the release of payloads. Rapidly released CAT was found to relieve tumor hypoxia by generating endogenous oxygen, while CD73siRNA effectively silenced target gene, synergically inhibiting CD73 protein expression and facilitating T-cell-specific immunity. Upon introduction of CSG@B16F10 in melanoma-bearing mice, PD-L1 checkpoint blockade achieved optimal tumor suppression (∼83%). The enhanced immune efficacy was mainly manifested by enhanced cytotoxic T cell (CTL), reduced regulatory T cells (Tregs), and increased anti-tumor cytokine secretion. This work presents a new paradigm for the ideal design of biomimetic nanoplatforms and the synergistic treatment of hypoxia alleviation and CD73 silence, greatly promising for enhancing clinical immune potency of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Shan Yuan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhuang Teng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Shuang Yang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zheng He
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ling-Yang Meng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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13
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Functionalized chitosan as a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Singh P, Yadav M, Niveria K, Verma AK. Nano-immunotherapeutics: targeting approach as strategic regulation at tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2022.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, which necessitates our consideration related to novel treatment approach. Tumor cells at the tumor microenvironment (TME), regulate a plethora of key mechanistic signaling pathways that obstruct antitumor immune responses by immune suppression, immune resistance or acquired immune tolerance. The present therapeutic regimes are provided independently or in combination, or as immunotherapies for cancer immune targeting. Immunotherapy has altered the arena of oncology and patient care. By using the host immune system, the immunostimulatory molecules can exert a robust, personalized response against the patient’s own tumors. Alternatively, tumors may exploit these strategies to escape immune recognition, and accordingly, such mechanisms represent chances for immunotherapy intervention. Nonetheless, despite promising outcomes from immunotherapies in recurrent and metastatic cancers, immune-therapeutics in clinics has been limited owing to unpredictability in the produced immune response and reported instances of immune-related adverse effects. The unrealized potential of immunotherapies in cancer management maybe due to the obstacles such as heterogeneous nature, multiple targets, patients’ immune response, specificity for cancer or variability in response generation in toxicity levels, delivery and cost related to therapeutics etc. Further revolutionary trends related to immunotherapies are noticeable with slower progress for cancer management. Recent advances in nanomedicine strategize to ameliorate the lacuna of immunotherapy as it relies on the inherent biophysical characteristics of nanocarriers: size, shape, surface charge and multifunctionality and exploiting them as first line therapy for delivery of biomolecules, single checkpoint inhibitors and for imaging of TME. Therefore, nano-assisted immunotherapies can boost the immunotherapeutic approach, overcoming factors that are with imminent potential risks related to it, thereby significantly improving the survival rate associated with it in cancer patients. Nanotechnology is anticipated to overcome the confines of existing cancer immunotherapy and to successfully combine various cancer treatment modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Nano-Biotech Lab, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Monika Yadav
- Nano-Biotech Lab, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Karishma Niveria
- Nano-Biotech Lab, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anita Kamra Verma
- Nano-Biotech Lab, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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15
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Karoon Kiani F, Izadi S, Ansari Dezfouli E, Ebrahimi F, Mohammadi M, Chalajour H, Mortazavi Bulus M, Nasr Esfahani M, Karpisheh V, Mahmoud Salehi Khesht A, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi K, Soleimani A, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Ahmadi M, Hassannia H, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Shahmohammadi Farid S, Hashemi V, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Simultaneous silencing of the A2aR and PD-1 immune checkpoints by siRNA-loaded nanoparticles enhances the immunotherapeutic potential of dendritic cell vaccine in tumor experimental models. Life Sci 2022; 288:120166. [PMID: 34813798 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Following various immunotherapies, lack of proper anti-tumor immune responses is considered a significant problem in novel cancer therapeutic approaches. The expression of inhibitory checkpoint molecules on tumor-infiltrating T cells is one of the main reasons for the ineffectiveness of various immunotherapies. Therefore, we decided to inhibit two of the most important immune checkpoints expressed on tumor-associated T cells, PD-1 and A2aR. Ligation of PD-1 with PD-L1 and A2aR with adenosine significantly suppress T cell responses against tumor cells. Whitin tumors, specific inhibition of these molecules on T cells is of particular importance for successful immunotherapy as well as the elimination of treatment-associated side-effects. Thus, in this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION) nanoparticles (NPs) were covered by chitosan lactate (CL), functionalized with TAT peptide, and loaded with siRNA molecules against PD-1 and A2aR. Appropriate physicochemical properties of the prepared NPs resulted in efficient delivery of siRNA to tumor-derived T cells and suppressed the expression of A2aR and PD-1, ex vivo. T cell functions such as cytokine secretion and proliferation were considerably enhanced by the downregulation of these molecules which led to an increase in their survival time. Interestingly, treatment of CT26 and 4T1 mouse tumors with siRNA-loaded NPs not only inhibited tumor growth but also markedly increased anti-tumor immune responses and survival time. The results strongly support the efficacy of SPION-CL-TAT NPs loaded with anti-PD-1/A2aR siRNAs in cancer therapy and their further development for cancer patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Karoon Kiani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Ebrahimi
- Nanoparticle Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Advanced Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Medical Branch, Iran
| | - Hengameh Chalajour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Mahmoud Salehi Khesht
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Soleimani
- Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Vida Hashemi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Li CY, Qin Z, Mei SH, Hu Y, Wu C. A2 adenosine receptor contributes to the development of cow's milk protein allergy via regulating regulatory T cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1380-1387. [PMID: 35096296 PMCID: PMC8769521 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.57614.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): A2 adenosine receptor (A2AR) is a novel promising target for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. However, its role in the development of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) has not been elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the function of A2AR in CMPA development. Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce allergic responses. The model was assessed by detecting allergic responses and plasma-specific IgE levels. The levels of A2AR were measured by PCR and flow cytometry. The subpopulation of Treg cells was analysed. Results: The mice sensitized and challenged with OVA showed classic allergic symptoms, such as acute allergic skin responses, increased anaphylactic shock symptom scores, and higher levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a. OVA-sensitized mice and CMPA patients showed decreased levels of A2AR and Treg cells. Interestingly, we observed a positive correlation between A2AR expression and Treg levels in CMPA patients. Further study showed that the A2AR agonist CGS21680 blocked OVA-induced allergic reactions, and the A2AR antagonist KW-6002 amplified allergic responses. Interestingly, CGS21680 not only activated the A2AR-mediated signalling pathway but also caused an increase in the population of Treg cells. In contrast, KW-6002 therapy decreased the levels of Tregs in allergic mice. Conclusion: A2AR expression is downregulated in CMPA. The A2AR-mediated pathway negatively regulates the development of CMPA, at least in part, by amplifying the differentiation of Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University), Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University), Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Shao-Hua Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University), Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University), Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University), Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
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17
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Zeng Y, Xiang Y, Sheng R, Tomás H, Rodrigues J, Gu Z, Zhang H, Gong Q, Luo K. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3358-3382. [PMID: 33817416 PMCID: PMC8005658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is an effective antitumor approach through activating immune systems to eradicate tumors by immunotherapeutics. However, direct administration of "naked" immunotherapeutic agents (such as nucleic acids, cytokines, adjuvants or antigens without delivery vehicles) often results in: (1) an unsatisfactory efficacy due to suboptimal pharmacokinetics; (2) strong toxic and side effects due to low targeting (or off-target) efficiency. To overcome these shortcomings, a series of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles have been developed to carry immunotherapeutics to enhance antitumor immune responses with reduced toxicity and side effects. Polysaccharides are a family of natural polymers that hold unique physicochemical and biological properties, as they could interact with immune system to stimulate an enhanced immune response. Their structures offer versatility in synthesizing multifunctional nanocomposites, which could be chemically modified to achieve high stability and bioavailability for delivering therapeutics into tumor tissues. This review aims to highlight recent advances in polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy and propose new perspectives on the use of polysaccharide-based immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zeng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yufan Xiang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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18
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Zeng Y, Xiang Y, Sheng R, Tomás H, Rodrigues J, Gu Z, Zhang H, Gong Q, Luo K. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Bioact Mater 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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19
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Mahmoud Salehi Khesht A, Karpisheh V, Qubais Saeed B, Olegovna Zekiy A, Yapanto LM, Nabi Afjadi M, Aksoun M, Nasr Esfahani M, Aghakhani F, Movahed M, Joshi N, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi K, Hallaj S, Ahmadi M, Dolati S, Mahmoodpoor A, Hashemi V, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Different T cell related immunological profiles in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107828. [PMID: 34091116 PMCID: PMC8162824 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In various pathological conditions, cellular immunity plays an important role in immune responses. Amongimmunecells, T lymphocytes pdomotecellular and humoralresponses as well as innate immunity. Therefore, careful investigation of these cells has a significant impact on accurate knowledge in COVID-19diseasepathogenesis. In current research, the frequency and function of various T lymphocytes involved in immune responses examined in SARS-CoV-2 patients with various disease severity compared to normal subjects. In order to make an accurate comparison among patients with various disease severity, this study was performed on asymptomatic recovered cases (n = 20), ICU hospitalized patients (n = 30), non-ICU hospitalized patients (n = 30), and normal subjects (n = 20). To precisely evaluate T cells activity following purification, their cytokine secretion activity was examined. Similarly, immediately after purification of Treg cells, their inhibitory activity on T cells was investigated. The results showed that COVID-19 patients with severe disease (ICU hospitalized patients) not only had a remarkable increase in Th1 and Th17 but also a considerable decrease in Th2 and Treg cells. More importantly, as the IL-17 and IFN-γ secretion was sharply increased in severe disease, the secretion of IL-10 and IL-4 was decreased. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of Treg cells was reduced in severe disease patients in comparison to other groups. In severe COVID-19 disease, current findings indicate when the inflammatory arm of cellular immunity is significantly increased, a considerable reduction in anti-inflammatory and regulatory arm occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mahmoud Salehi Khesht
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balsam Qubais Saeed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lis M Yapanto
- Department of Aquatic Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Aksoun
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Aghakhani
- Department of Microbiology, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Movahed
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Navneet Joshi
- Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Shahin Hallaj
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Medical Research & Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vida Hashemi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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Hallaj S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Arasteh A, Ghorbani A, Lee D, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Adenosine: The common target between cancer immunotherapy and glaucoma in the eye. Life Sci 2021; 282:119796. [PMID: 34245774 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, is a well-known actor of the immune system and the inflammatory response both in physiologic and pathologic conditions. By acting upon particular, G-protein coupled adenosine receptors, i.e., A1, A2- a & b, and A3 receptors mediate a variety of intracellular and immunomodulatory actions. Several studies have elucidated Adenosine's effect and its up-and downstream molecules and enzymes on the anti-tumor response against several types of cancers. We have also targeted a couple of molecules to manipulate this pathway and get the immune system's desired response in our previous experiences. Besides, the outgrowth of the studies on ocular Adenosine in recent years has significantly enhanced the knowledge about Adenosine and its role in ocular immunology and the inflammatory response of the eye. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, and the recent application of Adenosine and its derivatives has shown the critical role of the adenosine pathway in its pathophysiology. However, despite a very promising background, the phase III clinical trial of Trabodenoson failed to achieve the non-inferiority goals of the study. In this review, we discuss different aspects of the abovementioned pathway in ophthalmology and ocular immunology; following a brief evaluation of the current immunotherapeutic strategies, we try to elucidate the links between cancer immunotherapy and glaucoma in order to introduce novel therapeutic targets for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hallaj
- Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Amin Arasteh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daniel Lee
- Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Salehi Khesht AM, Karpisheh V, Sahami Gilan P, Melnikova LA, Olegovna Zekiy A, Mohammadi M, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Majidi Zolbanin N, Mahmoodpoor A, Hassannia H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Jafari R, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Blockade of CD73 using siRNA loaded chitosan lactate nanoparticles functionalized with TAT-hyaluronate enhances doxorubicin mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:849-863. [PMID: 34245737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs are still one of the first treatment options used in many cancers; however, problems such as cytotoxic side effects on normal cells after systemic administration and resistance to treatment have reduced the use of chemotherapeutics day by day. Targeted delivery of these drugs to the tumor site and sensitization of cancer cells to death induced by chemotherapy drugs are ways that can overcome the limitations of the use of these drugs. In this study, we designed and generated a novel nanocarrier composed of chitosan lactate nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized by HIV-1 derived TAT peptide (Transactivating transcriptional activator) and hyaluronate (HA) to deliver CD73 siRNA and doxorubicin to 4T1 and CT26 cancer cells, both in vivo and in vitro, as a novel combinatorial treatment strategy. The CD73 molecule plays a key role in many cancer cell behaviors such as proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, imunosuppression, and resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, we decided to reduce the side effects of DOX by simultaneously transmitting CD73 siRNA and DOX by CL-TAT-HA NPs, increase the susceptibility of cancer cells to DOX-induced cell death, and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, for the first time. These results indicated that simultaneous transfer of CD73 siRNA and DOX to cancer cells (4 T1 and CT26) increased cell death and inhibited the prolifration and spread of cancer cells. Also, the preferential aggregation of NPs in the tumor microenvironment reduced tumor growh, promoted the survival of tumor-bearing mice, and induced anti-tumor immune responses. These findings indicate that CL-TAT-HA NPs are a good candidate for targeted siRNA/drug delivery to cancer cells and the simultaneous transfer of CD73 siRNA and DOX to cancer cells using this nanocarrier can be used to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mahmoud Salehi Khesht
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Sahami Gilan
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technologies Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Lyubov A Melnikova
- Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mahdis Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Naime Majidi Zolbanin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Medical Research & Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Reza Jafari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Lima BV, Oliveira MJ, Barbosa MA, Gonçalves RM, Castro F. Immunomodulatory potential of chitosan-based materials for cancer therapy: a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3209-3227. [PMID: 33949372 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01984d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (Ch) has recently been used in different studies as a vaccine adjuvant with an ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). This systematic review aims to elucidate the added value of using Ch-based therapies for immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, through the exploration of different Ch-based formulations, their capacity to modulate immune cells in vitro and in vivo, and their translational potential for clinical settings. A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, following both inclusion and exclusion steps. Original articles which focused on the immunomodulatory role of Ch-based formulations in the TME were included, as well as its usage as a delivery vehicle for other immunomodulatory molecules. This review illustrates the added value of Ch-based systems to reshape the TME, through the modulation of immune cells using different Ch formulations, namely solutions, films, gels, microneedles and nanoparticles. Generally, Ch-based formulations increase the recruitment and proliferation of cells associated with pro-inflammatory abilities and decrease cells which exert anti-inflammatory activities. These effects correlated with a decreased tumor weight, reduced metastases, reversion of the immunosuppressive TME and increased survival in vivo. Overall, Ch-based formulations present the potential for immunotherapy in cancer. Nevertheless, clinical translation remains challenging, since the majority of the studies use Ch in formulations with other components, implicating that some of the observed effects could result from the combination of the individual effects. More studies on the use of different Ch-based formulations, complementary to standardization and disclosure of the Ch properties used are required to improve the immunomodulatory effects of Ch-based formulations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz V Lima
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Oliveira
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal and ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Flávia Castro
- i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. and INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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23
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Nano-delivery systems focused on tumor microenvironment regulation and biomimetic strategies for treatment of breast cancer metastasis. J Control Release 2021; 333:374-390. [PMID: 33798666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer metastasis and recurrence accounts for vast majority of breast cancer-induced mortality. Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role at each step of metastasis, evasion of immunosurveillance, and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, TME-targeting alternatives to traditional therapies focused on breast cancer cells are gaining increasing attention. These new therapies involve the use of tumor cells, and key TME components or secreted bioactive molecules as therapeutic targets, alone or in combination. Recently, TME-related nanoparticles have been developed to deliver various agents, such as bioactive ingredients extracted from natural sources or chemotherapeutic agents, genes, proteins, small interfering RNAs, and vaccines; they have shown great therapeutic potential against breast cancer metastasis. Among various types of nanoparticles, biomimetic nanovesicles are a promising means of addressing the limitations of conventional nanocarriers. This review highlights various nanoparticles related to or mediated by TME according to the key TME components responsible for metastasis. Furthermore, TME-related biomimetic nanoparticles against breast cancer metastasis have garnered attention owing to their promising efficiency, especially in payload delivery and therapeutic action. Here, we summarize recent representative studies on nanoparticles related to cancer-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix, endothelial cells, angiogenesis, and immune cells, as well as advanced biomimetic nanoparticles. Future challenges and opportunities in the field are also discussed.
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24
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Allahyari SE, Hajizadeh F, Zekiy AO, Mansouri N, Gilan PS, Mousavi SM, Masjedi A, Hassannia H, Ahmadi M, Mohammadi H, Yousefi M, Izadi S, Zolbanin NM, Jafari R, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Simultaneous inhibition of CD73 and IL-6 molecules by siRNA-loaded nanoparticles prevents the growth and spread of cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:102384. [PMID: 33771704 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of adenosine and interleukin (IL)-6 in the tumor microenvironment have been identified as one of the leading causes of cancer growth. Thus, we decided to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting the production of adenosine and IL-6 in the tumor environment at the same time. For this purpose, we used chitosan-lactate-PEG-TAT (CLP-TAT) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with siRNA molecules against CD73, an adenosine-producing enzyme, and IL-6. Proper physicochemical properties of the produced NPs led to high cell uptake and suppression of target molecules. Administration of these NPs to tumor-bearing mice (4T1 and CT26 models) greatly reduced the size of the tumor and increased the survival of the mice, which was accompanied by an increase in anti-tumor T lymphocyte responses. These findings suggest that combination therapy using siRNA-loaded CLP-TAT NPs against CD73 and IL-6 molecules could be an effective treatment strategy against cancer that needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Emadi Allahyari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Niloofar Mansouri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Sahami Gilan
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technologies Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Amol Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naime Majidi Zolbanin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Joshi N, Hajizadeh F, Ansari Dezfouli E, Zekiy AO, Nabi Afjadi M, Mousavi SM, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Karpisheh V, Mahmoodpoor A, Hassannia H, Dolati S, Mohammadi H, Yousefi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Silencing STAT3 enhances sensitivity of cancer cells to doxorubicin and inhibits tumor progression. Life Sci 2021; 275:119369. [PMID: 33745894 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite extensive efforts to find new treatments, chemotherapy is still one of the first and foremost choices for cancer treatment. The main problems of using these drugs are the resistance of cancer cells and reducing their sensitivity to chemotherapy as well as the side effects of their systemic administration. Because STAT3 plays a very important role in the survival and susceptibility of cancer cells to apoptosis, we hypothesized that suppression of STAT3 expression could induce greater susceptibility to DOX-induced cancer cell death. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used pegylated chitosan lactate nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized by TAT peptide and folate to deliver STAT3 siRNA and DOX to cancer cells simultaneously, both in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that NPs could effectively deliver siRNA and DOX to cancer cells, which was associated with suppression of STAT3 expression and increased induction of DOX-mediated cell death. Concomitant delivery of DOX and STAT3 siRNA also suppressed tumor growth in 4T1 and CT26 cancer models, which was associated with induction of anti-tumor immune responses. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that the use of NPs can be an effective strategy for the targeted delivery of STAT3-specific siRNA/DOX to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Joshi
- Department of Biosciences, Mody University of Science and Technology, Lakshmangarh, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Medical Research & Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Ashrafizadeh M, Delfi M, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Bagherian M, Azami N, Farahani MV, Sharifzadeh SO, Hamzehlou S, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Zarrabi A, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Biomedical application of chitosan-based nanoscale delivery systems: Potential usefulness in siRNA delivery for cancer therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117809. [PMID: 33712155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an emerging and promising strategy in cancer therapy where small interfering RNA (siRNA) system has been deployed for down-regulation of targeted gene and subsequent inhibition in cancer progression; some issues with siRNA, however, linger namely, its off-targeting property and degradation by enzymes. Nanoparticles can be applied for the encapsulation of siRNA thus enhancing its efficacy in gene silencing where chitosan (CS), a linear alkaline polysaccharide derived from chitin, with superb properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability and solubility, can play a vital role. Herein, the potential of CS nanoparticles has been discussed for the delivery of siRNA in cancer therapy; proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance are suppressed by siRNA-loaded CS nanoparticles, especially the usage of pH-sensitive CS nanoparticles. CS nanoparticles can provide a platform for the co-delivery of siRNA and anti-tumor agents with their enhanced stability via chemical modifications. As pre-clinical experiments are in agreement with potential of CS-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, and these carriers possess biocompatibiliy and are safe, further studies can focus on evaluating their utilization in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Farid Hashemi
- PhD Student of Pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bagherian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Azami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Hamzehlou
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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27
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Combined inhibition of CD73 and ZEB1 by Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-targeted nanoparticles inhibits tumor growth. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 197:111421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Bahreyni A, Mohamud Y, Luo H. Emerging nanomedicines for effective breast cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:180. [PMID: 33298099 PMCID: PMC7727246 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to be the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women, putting their life in jeopardy. Cancer immunotherapy is a novel approach with the ability to boost the host immune system to recognize and eradicate cancer cells with high selectivity. As a promising treatment, immunotherapy can not only eliminate the primary tumors, but also be proven to be effective in impeding metastasis and recurrence. However, the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy has faced some limitations including generating weak immune responses due to inadequate delivery of immunostimulants to the immune cells as well as uncontrolled modulation of immune system, which can give rise to autoimmunity and nonspecific inflammation. Growing evidence has suggested that nanotechnology may meet the needs of current cancer immunotherapy. Advanced biomaterials such as nanoparticles afford a unique opportunity to maximize the efficiency of immunotherapy and significantly diminish their toxic side-effects. Here we discuss recent advancements that have been made in nanoparticle-involving breast cancer immunotherapy, varying from direct activation of immune systems through the delivery of tumor antigens and adjuvants to immune cells to altering immunosuppression of tumor environment and combination with other conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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29
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Ghasemi-Chaleshtari M, Kiaie SH, Irandoust M, Karami H, Nabi Afjadi M, Ghani S, Aghaei Vanda N, Ghaderi Sede MJ, Ahmadi A, Masjedi A, Hassannia H, Atyabi F, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Concomitant blockade of A2AR and CTLA-4 by siRNA-loaded polyethylene glycol-chitosan-alginate nanoparticles synergistically enhances antitumor T-cell responses. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:10068-10080. [PMID: 32488862 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules are important immunosuppressive factors in a tumor microenvironment (TME). They can robustly suppress T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses leading to cancer progression. Among the checkpoint molecules, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) is one of the critical inhibitors of anticancer T-cell responses. Besides, the expression of adenosine receptor (A2AR) on tumor-infiltrating T cells potently reduces their function. We hypothesized that concomitant silencing of these molecules in T cells might lead to enhanced antitumor responses. To examine this assumption, we purified T cells from the tumor, spleen, and local lymph nodes of CT26 colon cancer-bearing mice and suppressed the expression of A2AR and CTLA-4 using the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-loaded polyethylene glycol-chitosan-alginate (PCA) nanoparticles. The appropriate physicochemical properties of the produced nanoparticles (NPs; size of 72 nm, polydispersive index [PDI] < 0.2, and zeta potential of 11 mV) resulted in their high efficiency in transfection and suppression of target gene expression. Following the silencing of checkpoint molecules, various T-cell functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine secretion, differentiation, and cytotoxicity were analyzed, ex vivo. The results showed that the generated nanoparticles had optimal physicochemical characteristics and significantly suppressed the expression of target molecules in T cells. Moreover, a concomitant blockade of A2AR and CTLA-4 in T cells could synergistically enhance antitumor responses through the downregulation of PKA, SHP2, and PP2Aα signaling pathways. Therefore, this combination therapy can be considered as a novel promising anticancer therapeutic strategy, which should be further investigated in subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Ghasemi-Chaleshtari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Kiaie
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahzad Irandoust
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadis Karami
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Aghaei Vanda
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Ghaderi Sede
- Department of Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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30
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Rostami N, Nikkhoo A, Khazaei-Poul Y, Farhadi S, Sadat Haeri M, Moghadaszadeh Ardebili S, Aghaei Vanda N, Atyabi F, Namdar A, Baghaei M, Haghnavaz N, Kazemi T, Yousefi M, Ghalamfarsa G, Sabz G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Coinhibition of S1PR1 and GP130 by siRNA-loaded alginate-conjugated trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles robustly blocks development of cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9702-9717. [PMID: 32424937 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is an interconnected network between S1P/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), IL-6/glycoprotein 130 (GP130), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment, which leads to cancer progression. S1P/S1PR1 and IL-6/GP130 signaling pathways phosphorylate and activate STAT3, and it then induces the expression of S1PR1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a positive feedback loop leading to cancer progression. We hypothesized that blockade of this amplification loop can suppress the growth and development of cancer cells. Therefore, we silenced STAT3 upstream molecules including the S1PR1 and GP130 molecules in cancer cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA)-loaded alginate-conjugated trimethyl chitosan (ATMC) nanoparticles (NPs). The generated NPs had competent properties including the appropriate size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, morphology, high uptake of siRNA, high rate of capacity, high stability, and low toxicity. We evaluated the effects of siRNA loaded ATMC NPs on tumor hallmarks of three murine-derived cancer cell lines, including 4T1 (breast cancer), B16-F10 (melanoma), and CT26 (colon cancer). The results confirmed the tumor-suppressive effects of combinational targeting of S1PR1 and GP130. Moreover, combination therapy could potently suppress tumor growth as assessed by the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. In this study, we targeted this positive feedback loop for the first time and applied this novel combination therapy, which provides a promising approach for cancer treatment. The development of a potent nanocarrier system with ATMC for this combination was also another aspect of this study, which should be further investigated in cancer animal models in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Rostami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Nikkhoo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yalda Khazaei-Poul
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melika Sadat Haeri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Masoumeh Baghaei
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navideh Haghnavaz
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Gholamabas Sabz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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31
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Inhibition of HIF-1α/EP4 axis by hyaluronate-trimethyl chitosan-SPION nanoparticles markedly suppresses the growth and development of cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:1006-1019. [PMID: 33227333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the tumor microenvironment, mainly due to tumor growth, plays a major role in the growth of cancer. Tumor cells induce the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and its product, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), through overexpression of HIF-1α. It has been shown that ligation of PGE2 with its receptor, EP4, robustly promotes cancer progression. HIF-1α/COX2/PGE2/EP4 signaling pathways appear to play an important role in tumor growth. Therefore, we decided to block the expansion of cancer cells by blocking the initiator (HIF-1α) and end (EP4) of this pathway. In this study, we used hyaluronate (HA), and trimethyl chitosan (TMC) recoated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) loaded with HIF-1α-silencing siRNA and the EP4 antagonist (E7046) to treat cancer cells and assessed the effect of combination therapy on cancer progression. The results showed that optimum physicochemical characteristics of NPs (size 126.9 nm, zeta potential 27 mV, PDI < 0.2) and linkage of HA with CD44 molecules overexpressed on cancer cells could deliver siRNAs to cancer cells and significantly suppress the HIF-1α in them. Combination therapy of cancer cells by using HIF-1α siRNA-loaded SPION-TMC-HA NPs and E7046 also prevent proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and colony formation of the cancer cells, remarkably.
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Salimifard S, Karoon Kiani F, Sadat Eshaghi F, Izadi S, Shahdadnejad K, Masjedi A, Heydari M, Ahmadi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Hassannia H, Mohammadi H, Boroumand-Noughabi S, Keramati MR, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Codelivery of BV6 and anti-IL6 siRNA by hyaluronate-conjugated PEG-chitosan-lactate nanoparticles inhibits tumor progression. Life Sci 2020; 260:118423. [PMID: 32941896 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Increased expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) genes has been associated with progressive cancer and chemoresistance. Accordingly, blockade of IAPs by BV6 has resulted in ameliorative outcomes. Interleukin (IL)-6 is another important mediator involved in the growth and survival of tumor cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that simultaneous inhibition of IAPs and IL-6 could be a new promising anti-tumor treatment strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we generated and characterized hyaluronate-PEG-Chitosan-Lactate (H-PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) to simultaneously deliver IL6-specific siRNA and BV6 to 4T1 (breast cancer) and CT26 (colon cancer) cells, and investigate the anti-tumor properties of this combination therapy both in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS H-PCL NPs exhibited good physicochemical properties leading to efficient transfection of cancer cells and suppression of target molecules. Moreover, combination therapy synergistically increased apoptosis, as well as decreased cell migration, proliferation, colony formation, and angiogenesis in both 4T1 and CT26 cell lines and suppressed cancer progression in tumor-bearing mice that was associated with enhanced survival time. SIGNIFICANCE These findings imply the effectiveness of cancer combination therapy by using H-PCL NPs loaded with anti-IL-6 siRNA and BV6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Salimifard
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariba Karoon Kiani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadat Eshaghi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Heydari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | | | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj. Iran
| | - Samaneh Boroumand-Noughabi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Keramati
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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33
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Cao Y, Wang X, Jin T, Tian Y, Dai C, Widarma C, Song R, Xu F. Immune checkpoint molecules in natural killer cells as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:250. [PMID: 33122640 PMCID: PMC7596531 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of natural killer (NK) cells in immunotherapy to treat multiple types of cancer. NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that play essential roles in tumor surveillance and control that efficiently kill the tumor and do not require the major histocompatibility complex. The discovery of the NK's potential as a promising therapeutic target for cancer is a relief to oncologists as they face the challenge of increased chemo-resistant cancers. NK cells show great potential against solid and hematologic tumors and have progressively shown promise as a therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. The effector role of these cells is reliant on the balance of inhibitory and activating signals. Understanding the role of various immune checkpoint molecules in the exhaustion and impairment of NK cells when their inhibitory receptors are excessively expressed is particularly important in cancer immunotherapy studies and clinical implementation. Emerging immune checkpoint receptors and molecules have been found to mediate NK cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment; this has brought up the need to explore further additional NK cell-related immune checkpoints that may be exploited to enhance the immune response to refractory cancers. Accordingly, this review will focus on the recent findings concerning the roles of immune checkpoint molecules and receptors in the regulation of NK cell function, as well as their potential application in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Life and Health Science, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianqiang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Crystal Widarma
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 110004, Shenyang, China.
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Hallaj S, Heydarzadeh Asl S, Alian F, Farshid S, Eshaghi FS, Namdar A, Atyabi F, Masjedi A, Hallaj T, Ghorbani A, Ghalamfarsa G, Sojoodi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Inhibition of CD73 using folate targeted nanoparticles carrying anti-CD73 siRNA potentiates anticancer efficacy of Dinaciclib. Life Sci 2020; 259:118150. [PMID: 32726663 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional therapeutic methods against cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and combination therapy, have exhibited different toxicity levels due to their unspecific mechanism of action. To overcome the challenges facing conventional cancer therapies, newly developed methods are being investigated. Significant levels of specificity, remarkable accumulation at the tumor site, limited side effects, and minimal off-target effects enable the newly synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) to become the preferred drug delivery method in anticancer therapeutic approaches. According to the literature, CD73 has a pivotal role in cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, CD73 has attracted considerable attention among scientists to target this molecule. Accordingly, FDA approved CDK inhibitors such as Dinaciclib that blocks CDK1, 2, 5, and 9, and exhibits significant anticancer activity. So in this study, we intended to simultaneously suppress CD73 and CDKs in cancer cells by using the folic acid (FA)-conjugated chitosan-lactate (CL) NPs loaded with anti-CD73 siRNA and Dinaciclib to control tumor progression and metastasis. The results showed that NPs could effectively transfect cancer cells in a FA receptor-dependent manner leading to suppression of proliferation, survival, migration, and metastatic potential. Moreover, the treatment of tumor-bearing mice with this combination strategy robustly inhibited tumor growth and enhanced survival time in mice. These findings imply the high potential of FA-CL NPs loaded with anti-CD73 siRNA and Dinaciclib for use in cancer treatment shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hallaj
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Alian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Farshid
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadat Eshaghi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tooba Hallaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5714783734, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Tice C, McDevitt J, Langford D. Astrocytes, HIV and the Glymphatic System: A Disease of Disrupted Waste Management? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:523379. [PMID: 33134185 PMCID: PMC7550659 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.523379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the glial-lymphatic or glymphatic fluid clearance pathway in the rodent brain led researchers to search for a parallel system in humans and to question the implications of this pathway in neurodegenerative diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed that several features of the glymphatic system may be present in humans. In both rodents and humans, this pathway promotes the exchange of interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the arterial perivascular spaces into the brain parenchyma. This process is facilitated in part by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels located primarily on astrocytic end feet that abut cerebral endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier. Decreased expression or mislocalization of AQP4 from astrocytic end feet results in decreased interstitial flow, thereby, promoting accumulation of extracellular waste products like hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau). Accumulation of pTau is a neuropathological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is accompanied by mislocalization of APQ4 from astrocyte end feet to the cell body. HIV infection shares many neuropathological characteristics with AD. Similar to AD, HIV infection of the CNS contributes to abnormal aging with altered AQP4 localization, accumulation of pTau and chronic neuroinflammation. Up to 30% of people with HIV (PWH) suffer from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and changes in AQP4 may be clinically important as a contributor to cognitive disturbances. In this review, we provide an overview and discussion of the potential contributions of NeuroHIV to glymphatic system functions by focusing on astrocytes and AQP4. Although HAND encompasses a wide range of neurocognitive impairments and levels of neuroinflammation vary among and within PWH, the potential contribution of disruption in AQP4 may be clinically important in some cases. In this review we discuss implications for possible AQP4 disruption on NeuroHIV disease trajectory and how HIV may influence AQP4 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Tice
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jane McDevitt
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Xiong Y, Xiong M, Li Y, Qian J, Li Y, Han X, Tan J, Luo Y, Wang Q, Qin C. Chitosan oligosaccharide combined with running benefited the immune status of rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106915. [PMID: 32890793 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) degraded by chitosan, is an easily accessible and biocompatible natural molecule, which can facilitate the immune system. Running is one of the most effective forms of exercise. Persistence in running can effectively improve the body's resistance against pathogens. However, whether the combination of COS and running could benefit immune status still remains to be elucidated. We used Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to explore the combinatory effect of COS and running. The organs and blood of the rats were collected after four weeks and the organ body mass index, biochemical and blood routine examination, cytokines, and T cells in the spleen and blood were detected and analyzed. In the group intragastric administration of COS only, the level of blood lactate dehydrogenase was increased, while the blood creatinine, red blood cells, lymphocytes, and serum TNF were decreased. Furthermore, COS combined with running promoted the development of spleen and lung, the level of lymphocytes, T cell and CD8+ T cell ratio in the blood, and serum TNF level. At the same time, the level of lactate dehydrogenase, serum IL-2, and T cell ratio in spleen were decreased. Therefore, our study indicated that COS combined with running could improve the immune status of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Xiong
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Meng Xiong
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Jin Qian
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Jing Tan
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Yanli Luo
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Qiuxiang Wang
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China
| | - Caiqin Qin
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei 432000, China.
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37
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Zhao P, Liu X, Dong H, Tian Y, Feng S, Zhao D, Ren Z, Zhang L, Li J. Bufei Yishen Formula Restores Th17/Treg Balance and Attenuates Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Activation of the Adenosine 2a Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1212. [PMID: 32848801 PMCID: PMC7427463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bufei Yishen formula (BYF) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) reported to ameliorate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by regulating the balance between T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, its mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of BYF. Naïve CD4+ T cells were exposed to anti-CD3, anti-CD28, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and/or interleukin (IL)-6 to promote their differentiation into Th17 or Treg cells. A rat model of cigarette smoke- and bacterial infection-induced COPD was established and orally treated with BYF and/or an adenosine 2a receptor (A2aR) antagonist. Then, the rats were sacrificed, their lung tissues were removed for histological analysis, and their spleens were collected to evaluate Th17 and Treg cells. The results showed that BYF significantly suppressed Th17 cell differentiation and its related cytokines and enhanced Treg cell differentiation and its related cytokines. In addition, BYF activated the A2aR, increased the levels of p-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)5, and decreased the level of p-STAT3 in Treg and Th17 cells. The A2aR antagonist suppressed the changes induced by BYF treatment in Th17 and Treg cells. Furthermore, the A2aR antagonist diminished the therapeutic effect of BYF on COPD, as indicated by the lung injury scores, bronchiole wall thickness, small pulmonary vessels wall thickness, bronchiole stenosis, alveolar diameters, decrease in inflammatory cytokines, increase in alveolar number, and lung functions. Similarly, the A2aR antagonist reversed the effects of BYF on the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells in the spleen. Additionally, BYF increased the protein and mRNA levels of A2aR and regulated the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT5 in spleen and lung tissues, which were inhibited by cotreatment with the A2aR antagonist. In conclusion, this study suggested that BYF exhibited its anti-COPD efficacy by restoring the Th17/Treg balance via activating A2aR, which may provide evidence for the clinical application of BYF in the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhouxin Ren
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lanxi Zhang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Sek K, Kats LM, Darcy PK, Beavis PA. Pharmacological and genetic strategies for targeting adenosine to enhance adoptive T cell therapy of cancer. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 53:91-97. [PMID: 32854024 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive cellular therapy involves the ex vivo expansion of immune cells, conventionally T cells, before reinfusion back to the patient. Variations in adoptive cellular therapy include transduction of a patient's T cells with either a transgenic T cell receptor or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to recognize a defined tumor antigen. Given that adenosine is a major axis of immunosuppression of T cells, particularly in hypoxic tumor microenvironments, therapeutics targeting this pathway are currently being assessed for their potential to enhance adoptive T cell therapies. The use of gene-editing technology, commonly used in tandem with CAR and transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) based adoptive cellular therapy, offers further opportunities to specifically modulate responses to adenosine. This review will discuss recent advances in targeting the adenosine pathway for enhancing the effectiveness of adoptive cellular therapy in the treatment of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sek
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Lev M Kats
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Paul A Beavis
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, 3000, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.
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39
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Adenosine and adenosine receptors in colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106853. [PMID: 32755765 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD39 (nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase) and Ecto-5-nucleotidase (CD73) have been recognized as important factors mediating various pathological and physiological responses in the tumor microenvironment. Elevated expression of CD73 and CD39 is correlated with the over-production of adenosine in the tumor region. This increase is associated with an immunosuppressive state in the tumor site that enhances various tumor hallmarks such as metastasis, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Adenosine promotes these behaviors through interaction with four adenosine receptors, including A3R, A2BR, A2AR, and A1R. Signaling of these receptors reduces the function of immune effector cells and enhances the expansion and function of tumor-associated immune cells. Several studies have been shown the important role of adenosine/CD73/CD39/ARs axis in the immunopathogenesis of colorectal cancer. These findings imply that components of this axis can be considered as a worthy target for colorectal cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the role of CD73/CD39/adenosine/ARs in the immunopathogenesis of colorectal cancer.
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40
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Yuan C, Liu Y, Wang T, Sun M, Chen X. Nanomaterials as Smart Immunomodulator Delivery System for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4774-4798. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congshan Yuan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, P.R. China
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Esmaily M, Masjedi A, Hallaj S, Nabi Afjadi M, Malakotikhah F, Ghani S, Ahmadi A, Sojoodi M, Hassannia H, Atyabi F, Namdar A, Azizi G, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Blockade of CTLA-4 increases anti-tumor response inducing potential of dendritic cell vaccine. J Control Release 2020; 326:63-74. [PMID: 32580042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive state of the tumor microenvironment diminishes the efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy. Inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) molecules are one of the main barriers in priming T cells by DCs. Therefore, it seems that blockade of such molecules facilitates the T cells activation by the DC vaccine. In this study, we intended to suppress the expression of CTLA-4 molecule on tumor-infiltrating T cells by siRNA-loaded chitosan-lactate (CL) nanoparticles to facilitate priming anti- tumor T cells by tumor lysate-loaded DC vaccine. Nanoparticles (NPs) have also provided an opportunity for specific drug delivery into the tumor site. CL NPs exhibited favorable physicochemical characteristics (size about 75 nm, polydispersive index<0.2, and a zeta potential about 14), which were associated with a high transfection rate and low toxicity. Moreover, the administration of anti-CTLA-4 siRNA-loaded NPs into CT26 and 4 T1 tumor -bearing mice led to the downregulation of CTLA-4 on tumor -infiltrating T cells, which was associated with tumor regression and increased mice survival. Moreover, while the treatment of tumor -bearing mice with DC vaccine had mild therapeutic outcomes, its combination with siRNA-loaded NPs may exhibit synergistic anti- tumor effects. This possible synergistic ameliorating effect is achieved through the reduction of immunosuppressive cells, the improved cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes, decreased inhibitory and increased inflammatory cytokines, and reduced angiogenesis and metastasis processes. These results indicate that the silencing of CTLA-4 can potentiate the T cell priming capacity of the DC vaccine, proposing a practical anti-cancer therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esmaily
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahin Hallaj
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Malakotikhah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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42
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Hajizadeh F, Moghadaszadeh Ardebili S, Baghi Moornani M, Masjedi A, Atyabi F, Kiani M, Namdar A, Karpisheh V, Izadi S, Baradaran B, Azizi G, Ghalamfarsa G, Sabz G, Yousefi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Silencing of HIF-1α/CD73 axis by siRNA-loaded TAT-chitosan-spion nanoparticles robustly blocks cancer cell progression. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173235. [PMID: 32574672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Induction of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) as a direct consequence of oxygen deficiency in tumor tissues is a potent stimulus of CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) expression. Hypoxic environment and CD73 overexpression are associated with altered metabolism, elevated cancer cell proliferation, and tumor vascularization. Herein, a delivery system was developed for silencing CD73 and HIF-1α gene using siRNA-loaded Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPION) nanocarriers for cancer treatment. SPIONs were encapsulated with thiolated chitosan (TC) and trimethyl chitosan (TMC) for improving their stabilization and functionalization. The nanoparticles (NPs) were about 133 nm in size, spherical, and non-toxic, and the addition of TAT peptide (derived from HIV-1 TAT protein) to TMC-TC-SPIONs significantly increased their cellular uptake by cancer cells. The produced NPs could efficiently accumulate in the tumor site, indicating their stability and targeting ability in reaching the tumor region. TAT-conjugated TMC-TC-SPIONs containing siRNAs could significantly reduce the HIF-1α and CD73 expression levels in cancer cells. Following transfection, cancer cells showed a significant reduction in migration and proliferation. Moreover, siRNA-loaded NPs could effectively reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis, as investigated by the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. This study suggested that TAT-TMC-TC-SPIONs can be potential nanocarrier for gene transfection in cancer therapy. Moreover, the co-silencing of CD73 and HIF-1α can be assumed as a novel anti-cancer treatment strategy with high tumor suppression potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1714614411, Iran
| | - Melika Kiani
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1714614411, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Gholamabas Sabz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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43
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Masjedi A, Ahmadi A, Ghani S, Malakotikhah F, Nabi Afjadi M, Irandoust M, Karoon Kiani F, Heydarzadeh Asl S, Atyabi F, Hassannia H, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Silencing adenosine A2a receptor enhances dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102240. [PMID: 32553948 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of adenosine in the tumor region leads to suppression of various immune cells, particularly T cells through ligation with adenosine 2a receptor (A2aR). In this study, we intended to increase the efficacy of tumor lysate-loaded DC vaccine by silencing the expression of A2aR on T cells through the application of A2aR-specific siRNA-loaded PEG-chitosan-lactate (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) in the 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice. Combination therapy by DC vaccine and siRNA-loaded NPs markedly induced tumor regression and increased survival time of mice. These ameliorative effects were partly via downregulation of immunosuppressive cells, increased function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and induction of immune-stimulatory cytokines. Moreover, combination therapy could markedly suppress angiogenesis and metastasis processes. These results imply the efficacy of novel combination therapy for the treatment of breast cancer by using A2aR siRNA-loaded NPs and DC vaccine which can be translated into the initial phase of clinical trials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Sepideh Ghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Malakotikhah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahzad Irandoust
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Karoon Kiani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Heydarzadeh Asl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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44
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Hashemi V, Ahmadi A, Malakotikhah F, Chaleshtari MG, Baghi Moornani M, Masjedi A, Sojoodi M, Atyabi F, Nikkhoo A, Rostami N, Baradaran B, Azizi G, Yousefi B, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Silencing of p68 and STAT3 synergistically diminishes cancer progression. Life Sci 2020; 249:117499. [PMID: 32142763 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Since several factors are involved in the tumorigenesis process, targeting only one factor most probably cannot overwhelm cancer progression. Therefore, it seems that combination therapy through targeting more than one cancer-related factor may lead to cancer control. The expression and function of p68 (DDX5; DEAD-Box Helicase 5) are dysregulated in various cancers. P68 is also a co-activator of many oncogenic transcription factors such as the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), which contributes to cancer progression. This close connection between p68 and STAT3 plays an important role in the growth and development of cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We decided to suppress the p68/STAT3 axis in various cancer cells by using Polyethylene glycol-trimethyl Chitosan-Hyaluronic acid (PEG-TMC-HA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with siRNA molecules. We assessed the impact of this combination therapy on apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and tumor growth, both in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that siRNA-loaded NPs notably suppressed the expression of p68/STAT3 axis in cancer cells, which was associated with blockade of tumor growth, colony formation, angiogenesis, and cancer cell migration. In addition to apoptosis induction, this combined therapy also reduced the expression of several tumor-promoting factors including Fibroblast growth factors (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), matrix metallopeptidases-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, hypoxia-inducible factor-(HIF-1α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-33, Bcl-x, vimentin, and snail. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate the potential of this nano-based anti-cancer therapeutic strategy for efficient cancer therapy which should be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Hashemi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1714614411, Iran
| | - Afshin Nikkhoo
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Rostami
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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45
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Optimization of chitosan-based polyelectrolyte nanoparticles for gene delivery, using design of experiment: in vitro and in vivo study. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111036. [PMID: 33254955 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a novel approach for cancer treatment and investigation for suitable gene delivery systems is remarkable. Here, preparation of a polyelectrolyte complex containing polysaccharides: trimethyl chitosan (TMC) as the positive and hyaluronate (HA), dextran sulfate and alginate as the negative part was studied. The optimized nanoparticles (TMC: between 0.2 and 0.47 mg/ml, HA: 0.35 mg/ml (≈131 nm, nearly full gene loading)) were obtained via primary screening followed by the D-optimal method. In vitro cellular study on the MCF7 cell line confirmed the non-toxicity and high cellular uptake (>90%) of prepared nanoparticles. Notably, in vivo study indicated noticeable tumor uptake of nanoparticles while low accumulation in vital organs such as heart, liver and lungs. Moreover, although a qualitative variable was considered, the applied method restricted the number of runs by selecting spots from the spherical atmosphere. The prepared nanoparticles could be suggested as an efficient and safe delivery system for cancer gene delivery.
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46
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Zhang ZH, Xu YW, Peng Y, Chen X, Li P, Zhou YG. Expression of a short antibody heavy chain peptide effectively antagonizes adenosine 2A receptor in vitro and in vivo. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:707-717. [PMID: 32308059 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1758667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) is involved in many physiological and pathological functions and serves as an important drug target. Inhibition of A2AR may alleviate symptoms associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the currently used A2AR antagonists have specificity limitations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A Fab fragment (Fab2838) of an A2AR mouse monoclonal antibody can specifically bind to A2AR to form a complex and inhibit the activity of its receptor. We constructed the vector AntiA2AR, a small-molecule peptide that binds to and inhibits A2AR based on Fab2838. RESULTS Experiments in HEK293T cells showed that peptide AntiA2AR of 29 peptides was the most effective among the synthesized peptides in inhibiting the A2AR downstream signal cAMP/PKA/CREB. In neurons, the AntiA2AR reversed the calcium flow change induced by the A2AR agonist CGS21680 (1 μM). Furthermore, AntiA2AR expression in the mice striatum weakened the p-PKA/p-CREB signal, enhanced locomotor abilities and increased time spent in the center area in the home-cage observation experiment and increased anxiolytic behavior in the elevated-plus maze test. CONCLUSIONS Antagonistic peptide AntiA2AR can effectively block the A2AR signaling pathway. This provides a new strategy for the specific inhibition of A2AR and provides information needed for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Hang Zhang
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Hashemi V, Farhadi S, Ghasemi Chaleshtari M, Seashore-Ludlow B, Masjedi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Ajjoolabady A, Mohammadi H, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Nanomedicine for improvement of dendritic cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106446. [PMID: 32244048 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy has shown impressive outcomes, including the development of the first FDA-approved anti-cancer vaccine. However, the clinical application of DC-based cancer immunotherapy is associated with various challenges. Promising novel tools for the administration of cancer vaccines has emerged from recent developments in nanoscale biomaterials. One current strategy to enhance targeted drug delivery, while minimizing drug-related toxicities, is the use of nanoparticles (NPs). These can be utilized for antigen delivery into DCs, which have been shown to provide potent T cell-stimulating effects. Therefore, NP delivery represents one promising approach for creating an effective and stable immune response without toxic side effects. The current review surveys cancer immunotherapy with particular attention toward NP-based delivery methods that target DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Hashemi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Brinton Seashore-Ludlow
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amir Ajjoolabady
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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48
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Nikkhoo A, Rostami N, Farhadi S, Esmaily M, Moghadaszadeh Ardebili S, Atyabi F, Baghaei M, Haghnavaz N, Yousefi M, Aliparasti MR, Ghalamfarsa G, Mohammadi H, Sojoodi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Codelivery of STAT3 siRNA and BV6 by carboxymethyl dextran trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles suppresses cancer cell progression. Int J Pharm 2020; 581:119236. [PMID: 32240809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) molecules in cancer cells promotes cancer cell chemoresistance. Use of BV6, a well-known IAP inhibitor, along with inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is an important factor in the survival of tumor cells, and NIK as a mediator of BV6 unpredicted side effects, can induce effective apoptosis in tumor cells. The present study has investigated the combination therapy of cancer cells using Carboxymethyl Dextran-conjugated trimethyl chitosan (TMC-CMD) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with NIK/STAT3-specific siRNA and BV6 to synergistically induce apoptosis in the breast, colorectal and melanoma cancer cell lines. Our results showed that in addition to enhanced pro-apoptotic effects, this combination therapy reduced proliferation, cell migration, colony formation, and angiogenesis, along with expression of factors including IL-10 and HIF in tumor cells. The results indicate the potential of this combination therapy for further investigation in animal models of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Nikkhoo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Rostami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaily
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Baghaei
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navideh Haghnavaz
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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49
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Salimifard S, Masjedi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Ghalamfarsa G, Irandoust M, Azizi G, Mohammadi H, Keramati MR, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Cancer associated fibroblasts as novel promising therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152915. [PMID: 32146002 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most important women-related malignancies, which is incurable (particularly in advanced stages) and tumor microenvironment is a number one accused part in the inefficiency of current anti-breast cancer therapeutic strategies. The tumor microenvironment is composed of various cellular and acellular components, which provide an optimum condition for freely expanding cancer cells in various cancer types, particularly breast cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the main cell types in the breast tumor region, which can promote various tumor-promoting processes such as expansion, angiogenesis, metastasis and drug resistance. CAFs directly (by cell-to-cell communication) and indirectly (through secreting soluble factors) can exert their tumorigenic functions. We try to elucidate the immunobiology of CAFs, their origin, function, and heterogeneity in association with their role in various cancer-promoting processes in breast cancer. Based on current knowledge, we believe that the origin of CAFs, their subsets, and their specific expressed biomarkers determine their pro- or anti-tumor functions. Therefore, targeting CAF without considering their specific functions may lead to a deleterious outcome. We propose to find and characterize each subtype of CAFs in association with its specific function in different stages of breast cancer to develop novel promising therapeutic approaches against the right CAF subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Salimifard
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Masjedi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mahzad Irandoust
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Keramati
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Bastaki S, Irandoust M, Ahmadi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Ambrose P, Hallaj S, Edalati M, Ghalamfarsa G, Azizi G, Yousefi M, Chalajour H, Jadidi-Niaragh F. PD-L1/PD-1 axis as a potent therapeutic target in breast cancer. Life Sci 2020; 247:117437. [PMID: 32070710 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although both the incidence and the mortality rate of breast cancer is rising, there is no potent and practical option for the treatment of these patients, particularly in advanced stages. One of the most critical challenges for treatment is the presence of complicated and extensive tumor escape mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint molecules are of the main immunosuppressive mechanisms used by cancerous cells to block anti-cancer immune responses. Among these molecules, PD-1 (Programmed cell death) and PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) have been considered as worthy therapeutic targets for breast cancer therapy. In this review, we intend to discuss the immunobiology and signaling of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and highlight its importance as a worthy therapeutic target in breast cancer. We believe that the prognostic value of PD-L1 depends on the breast cancer subtype. Moreover, the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 targeting with immune-stimulating vaccines can be considered as an effective therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Bastaki
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, East Azarbaijan, Iran
| | - Mahzad Irandoust
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Shahin Hallaj
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Edalati
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj. Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hengameh Chalajour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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