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Liu M, Li S, Cao S, Liu C, Han Y, Cheng J, Zhang S, Zhao J, Shi Y. Let food be your medicine - dietary fiber. Food Funct 2024; 15:7733-7756. [PMID: 38984439 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05641d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) cannot be digested and absorbed by the digestive tract, nor can it provide the energy needed to be burned for metabolic activities. Therefore, from the 1950s to the 1980s, DF received little attention in nutrition studies. With in-depth research and developments in global nutrition, people have gradually paid attention to the fact that DF occupies an essential position in the structure of nutrition, and it can ensure the healthy development of human beings. As early as 390 B.C., the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates proposed, "Let your food be your medicine, and your medicine be your food". This concept has been more systematically validated in modern scientific research, with numerous epidemiological studies showing that the dietary intake of DF-rich foods such as whole grains, root vegetables, legumes, and fruits has the potential to regulate the balance of the gut microbiota and thereby prevent diseases. However, the crosstalk between different types of DF and the gut microbiota is quite complex, and the effects on the organism vary. In this paper, we discuss research on DF and the gut microbiota and related diseases, aiming to understand the relationship between all three better and provide a reference basis for the risk reduction of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shouren Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shixi Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Cong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yao Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jiawen Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
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Jin H, Yao L, Wang S, Xia P, Hou T, Li B, Li J. Effects of KGM and Degradation Products on Appetite Regulation and Energy Expenditure in High-Fat-Diet Mice via the Adipocyte-Hypothalamus Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15765-15777. [PMID: 38970495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM), high-viscosity dietary fiber, is utilized in weight management. Previous investigations on the appetite-suppressing effects of KGM have centered on intestinal responses to nutrients and gastric emptying rates, with less focus on downstream hypothalamic neurons of satiety hormones. In our studies, the molecular mechanisms through which KGM and its degradation products influence energy homeostasis via the adipocyte-hypothalamic axis have been examined. It was found that high-viscosity KGM more effectively stimulates enteroendocrine cells to release glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and reduces ghrelin production, thereby activating hypothalamic neurons and moderating short-term satiety. Conversely, low-viscosity DKGM has been shown to exhibit stronger anti-inflammatory properties in the hypothalamus, enhancing hormone sensitivity and lowering the satiety threshold. Notably, both KGM and DKGM significantly reduced leptin signaling and fatty acid signaling in adipose tissue and activated brown adipose tissue thermogenesis to suppress pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) expression and activate agouti-related protein (AgRP) expression, thereby reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. Additionally, high-viscosity KGM has been found to activate the adipocyte-hypothalamus axis more effectively than DKGM, thereby promoting greater daily energy expenditure. These findings provide novel insights into the adipocyte-hypothalamic axis for KGM to suppress appetite and reduce weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lanlan Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shenwan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pengkui Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wen Y, Chen B, Huang J, Luo Y, Lv S, Qiu H, Li S, Liu S, He L, He M, Yu Z, Zhao M, Yang Q, Li D, Gu C. Konjac supplementation can alleviate obesity induced by high-fat diet in mice by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 9:100805. [PMID: 39131951 PMCID: PMC11315163 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
As a multi-factorial disease, obesity has become one of the major health problems in the world, and it is still increasing rapidly. Konjac supplementation, as a convenient dietary therapy, has been shown to be able to regulate gut microbiota and improve obesity. However, the specific mechanism by which konjac improves obesity through gut microbiota remains to be studied. In this study, a high-fat diet (HFD) was used to induce a mouse obesity model, and 16S rDNA sequencing and an untargeted metabolomics were used to investigate the impact of konjac on gut microbiota and gut metabolites in HFD-induced obese mice. The results show that konjac can reduce the body weight, adipose tissue weight, and lipid level of high-fat diet induced obese mice by changing the gut microbiota structure and gut metabolic profile. Association analysis revealed that konjac supplementation induced changes in gut microbiota, resulting in the up-regulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and trehalose 6-phosphate, as well as the down-regulation of glycocholic acid and ursocholic acid within the Secondary bile acid biosynthesis pathway, ultimately leading to improvements in obesity. Among them, g_Acinetobacter (Greengene ID: 911888) can promote the synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol by synthesizing ERG3. g_Allobaculum (Greengene ID: 271516) and g_Allobaculum (Greengene ID: 259370) can promote the breakdown of trehalose 6-phosphate by synthesizing glvA. Additionally, the down-regulation of glycocholic acid and ursocholic acid may be influenced by the up-regulation of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. In conclusion, konjac exerts an influence on gut metabolites through the regulation of gut microbiota, thereby playing a pivotal role in alleviating obesity induced by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baoting Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingrong Huang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yadan Luo
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuya Lv
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuaibing Li
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Songwei Liu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lvqin He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, 643002, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Li J, Liu H, Fu H, Yang Y, Wu Z. An Isofibrous Diet with Fiber Konjac Glucomannan Ameliorates Salmonella typhimurium-Induced Colonic Injury by Regulating TLR2-NF-κB Signaling and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13415-13430. [PMID: 38824655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that dietary konjac glucomannan (KGM) could alleviate Salmonella typhimurium-induced colitis by modulating intestinal microbiota. Mice were fed an isocaloric and isofibrous diet supplemented with either 7% KGM or cellulose and were treated with 5 × 108 CFU of S. typhimurium. The results showed that KGM had an average molecular weight of 936 kDa and predominantly consisted of mannose and glucose at a molar ratio of 1:1.22. In vivo studies demonstrated that dietary KGM effectively mitigated colonic lesions, oxidative stress, disruption of tight junction protein 2 and occludin, and the inflammatory response induced by S. typhimurium. Moreover, KGM administration alleviated the dramatic upregulation of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and phosphonuclear factor κB (NF-κB) protein abundance, induced by Salmonella treatment. Notably, dietary KGM restored the reduced Muribaculaceae and Lactobacillus abundance and increased the abundance of Blautia and Salmonella in S. typhimurium-infected mice. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the gut microbiota improved by KGM contribute to inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress. These results demonstrated the protective effects of dietary KGM against colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and the TLR2-NF-κB signaling pathway in response to Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Huiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Ricardo E, Novita BD, Suwasanti N, Muliyanto JA, Dewi IGAPDM, Jaya F. The effect of porang ( Amorphophallus muelleri) extract on renal histopathological changes. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2024; 15:86-90. [PMID: 38903556 PMCID: PMC11186543 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_426_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition defined by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). This condition can lead to complications such as nephropathy, which is histologically shown with glomerulosclerosis. Glucomannan, a component of Amorphophallus muelleri, offers numerous health benefits, but its direct therapeutic effect on glomeruli remains uncertain. Male Wistar rats which were taken with random sampling (n = 30) were distributed into six distinct groups. All groups, excluding Group N, received 125 mg/kg BW single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan. Group N received a single dose of PBS 125 mg/kg BW. After 7 days, Group K + was induced with acarbose at a dose of 50 mg/70 kg BW (adjusted using a factor of 0.018) orally per day. Groups N and K - induced with 1% CMC Na at 0.2 mL/0.1 kg orally per day. While Group P1, P2, and P3 were orally given A. muelleri ethanolic extract orally per day at a dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. The following 50 days of treatment, the Wistar rats were euthanized, and their kidney was preserved for histological slides that were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The oral administration of A. muelleri ethanolic extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats led to a significant decrease in the average of glomerulosclerosis instances when compared to the K - group. The most effective dose was observed at 400 mg/kg BW per day. A. muelleri administration leads to a reduction in glomerulosclerosis occurrences, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic approach for reducing complications probability linked to hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Ricardo
- Undergraduate Program (Student), Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Bernadette Dian Novita
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Niluh Suwasanti
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Jovan Amadeo Muliyanto
- Undergraduate Program (Student), Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Ferdinand Jaya
- Undergraduate Program (Student), Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Iqbal R, Azhar I, Akhtar MF, Mahmood ZA, Hamid I, Saleem A, Basheer E, El-Saber Batiha G, El-Gazzar AM, Mahmoud MH. Combination therapy with Hordeum vulgare, Elettaria cardamomum, and Cicer arietinum exhibited anti-diabetic potential through modulation of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26126. [PMID: 38384558 PMCID: PMC10879019 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly-herbal therapies for chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM) have been practiced in south Asia for centuries. One of such therapies comprises of Hordeum vulgare, Elettaria cardamomum and Cicer arietinum that have shown encouraging therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Therefore, poly-herbal granules (PHGs) of this formula were developed and investigated for their anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potential in obese-diabetic rats. The developed PHGs were chemical characterized and the virtual molecular docking was performed by Discovery studio visualizer (DSV) software. For in-vivo experiment, obesity in rats was induced with high-fat high-sugar diet. After that, diabetes was induced by alloxan monohydrate 150 mg/kg i.p. injection. The diseased rats were treated with PHGs at 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg/day for four weeks. GC-MS analysis of PHGs demonstrated the presence of 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-isooctyl ester and phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl). Molecular docking of these compounds demonstrated higher binding energies with receptor than metformin against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. PHGs exhibited a decline in body weight, HbA1c, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance in diseased rats. The histopathological examination revealed that PHGs improved the alloxan-induced damage to the pancreas. Furthermore, PHGs increased the SOD, CAT and GSH while and the decreased the level of MDA in the liver, kidney and pancreas of diseased rats. Additionally, the PHGs had significantly downregulated the TNF-α and NF-κB while upregulated the expression of NrF-2. The current study demonstrated that the PHGs exhibited anti-diabetic and anti-obesity potential through amelioration of oxidative stress, NF-κB, TNF-α, and NrF-2 due to the presence of different phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Azhar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Alam Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Hamid
- Cadson College of Pharmacy, Kharian, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Basheer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Gazzar
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mohamed H. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, college of science, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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da Silva AA, Rocha-Gomes A, Reis ÍG, de Pinho Tavares Leal PE, Lessa MR, Pinto NAVD, Riul TR, Villela DC. Supplementation with Jatobá-do-cerrado flour (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart.) decreases hypothalamic inflammation and improves obesity parameters in rats on a high-fat diet. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 385:578237. [PMID: 37931532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of jatobá-do-cerrado flour on nutritional, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers, an study was conducted using male Wistar rats. These animals were allocated into four groups: a standard diet (Control), a high-fat diet (HFD), a diet with jatobá-do-cerrado flour (JCF), and a combination of high-fat diet and jatobá-do-cerrado flour (HFD + JCF). Comprehensive evaluations included food intake, cytokine concentrations, and redox status indicators. HFD group exhibited increased caloric intake and fat mass, elevated circulating IL-6, and heightened lipid peroxidation markers. This group also showed increased hypothalamic concentrations of IL-6, TNFα, and lipid peroxidation. In contrast, the HFD + JCF group showed reduced caloric intake, fat mass, and improvements in redox balance and inflammatory markers both in the blood and hypothalamus. SUMMARY: In the current study, we evaluated the potential of Jatobá-do-cerrado flour in mitigating the effects of a high-fat diet in adult Wistar rats. The addition of fat to the animals' diet for 63 days induced obesity, dyslipidemia, as well as an increase in inflammatory and lipid peroxidation markers, both in the blood and hypothalamus. Conversely, supplementation with Jatobá-do-Cerrado flour showed anti-obesogenic effects and these may be associated with the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, supplementation with this flour has the potential to be a functional food for the treatment or prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Arthur Rocha-Gomes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Gomes Reis
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ernesto de Pinho Tavares Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayara Rodrigues Lessa
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biomassas do Cerrado - Departamento de Nutrição - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - Diamantina-MG - Brazil
| | - Nisia Andrade Villela Dessimoni Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biomassas do Cerrado - Departamento de Nutrição - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri - Diamantina-MG - Brazil
| | - Tania Regina Riul
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel Campos Villela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
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8
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Shoman NA, Saady M, Teaima M, Abdelmonem R, El-Nabarawi MA, Elhabal SF. Merging konjac glucomannan with other copolymeric hydrogels as a cutting-edge liquid raft system for dual delivery of etoricoxib and famotidine. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2189630. [PMID: 36927148 PMCID: PMC10184610 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2189630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a floating raft system for the co-delivery of etoricoxib (ETO) and famotidine (FAM) using a combination of glucomannan with natural/semi-synthetic polysaccharides. Formulation variables affect gelation lag time (GLT), floating lag time (FLT), and release percentage of drugs after 1-8 h, Stability, and viscosity parameters were evaluated. In vivo X-ray studies, followed by the pharmacokinetic study, were performed on human volunteers. Formulations exhibited pseudoplastic behavior for ease of swallowing. The optimum raft system (ORS) comprised 1% Na alginate, 0.1% Low Methoxyl (LM) pectin, 0.8% Konjac glucomannan (KGL), 1% Precirol, and 1% CaCO3. ORS exhibited rapid GLT and FLT (around 42 and 8 sec respectively) in 0.1 N HCl as well as controlled release of ETO (15% in 1 h and 82% in 8 h) and FAM (29% in 1 h and 85% in 8 h). Formulation stability with the absence of any drug-excipient interactions was observed. The X-ray imaging showed a promising buoyancy ability for approximately 8 h. Compared with marketed products, ORS showed superior relative bioavailability for both drugs. These findings revealed the successful preparation of a promising raft system with improved dual drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Shoman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Saady
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Abdelmonem
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sammar Fathy Elhabal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Mokattam, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Dwiputri E, Lestari KD, Tan GHK, Sulijaya B, Soeroso Y, Masulili SLC, Takahashi N, Tabeta K, Tadjoedin FM. Osteoclastogenesis Inhibitor and Antioxidant Properties of Konjac Glucomannan in a Periodontitis Mice Model: An In Vivo Study. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:7400421. [PMID: 37942469 PMCID: PMC10630005 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7400421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by specific microorganisms that gradually damage the periodontal and tooth-supporting tissues, thereby reducing a person's quality of life. Periodontal disease is closely associated with high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, with a high receptor activator of nuclear factor kβ ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is produced from the porang root, which has several properties. For example, it can reduce oxidative stress. The current study analyzed the osteoclastogenesis inhibitory and antioxidant properties of KGM based on histomorphometric findings, RANKL/OPG ratio, and ROS levels in the Swiss Webster mouse periodontitis model. Methods Eight-week-old male Swiss Webster mice were divided into the nonligation, nonligation + KGM, ligation + Porphyromonas gingivalis, and ligation + P. gingivalis + KGM groups. KGM suspension was administered for 14 days. Periodontitis induction was performed from 7th to 14th day. On the 14th day, maxillae, gingival, and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected to assess the histomorphometry of bone damage, gene expression ratio of RANKL/OPG, and ROS protein levels. Results The periodontitis group pretreated with KGM presented with significantly reduced alveolar bone damage, RANKL/OPG ratio, and ROS level than without KGM group. KGM treatment had no harmful/toxic effects in mice. Conclusion Administration of KGM could act as an adjunctive in periodontal therapy by suppressing periodontal disease via osteoclastogenesis inhibitory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edlyn Dwiputri
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Dhipta Lestari
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Benso Sulijaya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuniarti Soeroso
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sri Lelyati C. Masulili
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fatimah Maria Tadjoedin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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10
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Lestari KD, Dwiputri E, Kurniawan Tan GH, Sulijaya B, Soeroso Y, Natalina N, Harsas NA, Takahashi N. Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Konjac Glucomannan in Periodontitis: Animal and In Vitro Studies. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1778. [PMID: 37893496 PMCID: PMC10608271 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or groups of microorganisms. P. gingivalis bacterium is the keystone pathogen in periodontitis, so even at low concentrations, it has a considerable influence on the oral community. Antimicrobials and antiplaque agents can be used as adjunctive therapy for periodontitis treatment. Konjac glucomannan (KGM), as a natural polysaccharide, has flavonoid (3,5-diacetyltambulin) and triterpenoids (ambylon) compounds that show antibacterial activity. This research aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of KGM on animal and in vitro periodontitis models. Materials and Methods: The animal study divided 48 mice into four groups (control, KGM, periodontitis, KGM + periodontitis). Mice were given an intervention substance by oral gavage from day 1 to day 14, periodontitis was induced on day 7, and decapitation was performed on day 14. Samples from the right maxillary jaw of mice were used for histological preparations and morphometrics analysis. In vitro studies were carried out by adding several concentrations of KGM (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) into a planktonic P. gingivalis and P. gingivalis biofilm. Results: In the animal model, KGM could prevent alveolar bone loss in the periodontitis mice model, both in histologic and morphometrics assessments. In vitro, KGM had antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis with better bacteriostatic (15-23%) than bactericidal (11-20%) ability, proven by its ability to inhibit P. gingivalis proliferation. Conclusions: KGM can be considered to have the potential as an antibacterial agent to prevent periodontitis. The prevention of periodontitis may improve patient well-being and human quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Dhipta Lestari
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (K.D.L.); (E.D.); (G.H.K.T.)
| | - Edlyn Dwiputri
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (K.D.L.); (E.D.); (G.H.K.T.)
| | - Geraldi Hartono Kurniawan Tan
- Postgraduate Program in Periodontology, Department of Periodontology, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (K.D.L.); (E.D.); (G.H.K.T.)
| | - Benso Sulijaya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (Y.S.); (N.N.); (N.A.H.)
| | - Yuniarti Soeroso
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (Y.S.); (N.N.); (N.A.H.)
| | - Natalina Natalina
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (Y.S.); (N.N.); (N.A.H.)
| | - Nadhia Anindhita Harsas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; (Y.S.); (N.N.); (N.A.H.)
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
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11
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Waresindo WX, Priyanto A, Sihombing YA, Hapidin DA, Edikresnha D, Aimon AH, Suciati T, Khairurrijal K. Konjac glucomannan-based hydrogels with health-promoting effects for potential edible electronics applications: A mini-review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125888. [PMID: 37473898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM), a dietary fiber hydrocolloid polysaccharide isolated from Amorphophallus konjac tubers, has potential applications in various fields. However, the use of KGM-based hydrogels has mainly focused on the food, biomedical, and water treatment industries. KGM possesses several health benefits and could be a promising candidate for use in edible electronics. This paper presents the first review of KGM-based hydrogels as edible electronics and their potential health benefits. The paper initially focuses on the health-promoting effects of KGM-based hydrogels, such as prebiotic effects, antiobesity, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Then, it discusses the feasible design strategies for KGM-based hydrogels as edible electronics, considering their flexibility, mechanical properties, response to stimuli, degradability aspects, their role as electronic device components, and the retention period of the devices. Finally, this review outlines future directions for developing KGM-based hydrogels for use in edible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Xaveriano Waresindo
- Doctoral Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Aan Priyanto
- Doctoral Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yuan Alfinsyah Sihombing
- Doctoral Program of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Dian Ahmad Hapidin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dhewa Edikresnha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience, and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Akfiny Hasdi Aimon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency - Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tri Suciati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; University Center of Excellence - Nutraceutical, Bioscience, and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Lampung 35365, Indonesia.
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12
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Jayachandran M, Christudas S, Zheng X, Xu B. Dietary fiber konjac glucomannan exerts an antidiabetic effect via inhibiting lipid absorption and regulation of PPAR-γ and gut microbiome. Food Chem 2023; 403:134336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Konjac Glucomannan: An Emerging Specialty Medical Food to Aid in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020363. [PMID: 36673456 PMCID: PMC9858196 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many factors causing T2DM; thus, it is difficult to prevent and cure it with conventional treatment. In order to realize the continuous intervention of T2DM, the treatment strategy of combining diet therapy and traditional medication came into being. As a natural product with the concept of being healthy, konjac flour and its derivatives are popular with the public. Its main component, Konjac glucomannan (KGM), can not only be applied as a food additive, which greatly improves the taste and flavor of food and extends the shelf life of food but also occupies an important role in T2DM. KGM can extend gastric emptying time, increase satiety, and promote liver glycogen synthesis, and also has the potential to improve intestinal flora and the metabolic system through a variety of molecular pathways in order to positively regulate oxidative stress and immune inflammation, and protect the liver and kidneys. In order to establish the theoretical justification for the adjunctive treatment of T2DM, we have outlined the physicochemical features of KGM in this article, emphasizing the advantages of KGM as a meal for special medical purposes of T2DM.
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14
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Niu L, Guo Q, Xiao J, Li Y, Deng X, Sun T, Liu X, Xiao C. The effect of ball milling on the structure, physicochemical and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber from three grain bran. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112263. [PMID: 36596174 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ball milling processing on the structure, physicochemical, and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) in bran from prosomillet, wheat and rice were investigated. Meanwhile, the effect of IDF on glucose tolerance and blood lipid levels in mice was evaluated as well. With findings, for all three grains, the particle sizes of IDF were significantly reduced after ball milling treatment (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy revealed fragmented fiber with numerous pores and cracks. The reactive groups of three IDF samples were found to be similar by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. And consistent with X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis, for all three grains, ball milling reduced the crystallinity of IDF and helped to increase the release of free phenol by 23.4 %, 8.9 %, and 12.2 %, respectively. Furthermore, the water holding capacity, glucose delay capacity, glucose, sodium cholate, and cholesterol adsorption capacity, and in vitro digestibility of starch and fat were all improved to varying degrees. Animal experiments showed that ball milling treatment effectively slowed the postprandial rise in blood sugar (especially IDF of rice bran) and blood lipids (especially IDF of prosomillet bran). As a result, ball milling treatment is a potential method for dietary fiber modification in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Jing Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Yinxia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Xu Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Tianrui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Chunxia Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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15
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Dabour N, Elsaadany K, Shoukry E, Hamdy S, Taïbi A, Kheadr E. The ability of yoghurt supplemented with dietary fibers or brans extracted from wheat or rice to reduce serum lipids and enhance liver function in male hypercholesterolemic rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14499. [PMID: 36484237 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of yoghurt supplementation with rice and wheat brans or dietary fibers on serum lipid profile, liver, and heart functionalities, and hepatopathological aspects of the liver of hypercholesterolemic rats. 48 male rats were divided into 8 groups. Group 1 was kept as negative control and fed with a standard diet, and groups 2 to 6 were fed a hypercholesterolemia-induced diet supplemented with brans or dietary fibers of both grains. G2 received yoghurt without supplementation. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. Results revealed that hypercholesterolemic rats administrated yoghurt supplemented with brans or dietary fibers reduced serum glucose from 113.9 ± 2.72 to 85.5 ± 4.94 in the serum of animals that received dietary fibers of rice and wheat, respectively. In addition, lipids profile and liver antioxidant status were improved. In addition, liver and heart functionalities and liver histopathological architecture were all improved depending on the type of administrated brans or fibers added to yoghurt. The inclusion of 0.5% of rice or wheat brans could be recommended to be added to yoghurt. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Yoghurt is the most famous fermented milk in the world. Supplementation of yoghurt with rice and wheat brans or dietary fibers increased its nutritional value. We proved that this new product contributes to reducing serum glucose, improving lipids profile, and enhancing liver and heart functions in hypercholesterolemic rats. This study confirmed the suitability to add a thesis type of brans or dietary fibers as bioactive ingredients to yoghurt and increased the varieties of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassra Dabour
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled Elsaadany
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Enaam Shoukry
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Saeed Hamdy
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amel Taïbi
- Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ehab Kheadr
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory (FFNL), Department of Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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16
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Liu H, Liang J, Liang C, Liang G, Lai J, Zhang R, Wang Q, Xiao G. Physicochemical properties of dietary fiber of bergamot and its effect on diabetic mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1040825. [PMID: 36407540 PMCID: PMC9674159 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bergamot (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis) contains different bioactive compounds, and their effects remain unclear. Therefore, the structural and bio-function of bergamot dietary fiber were investigated. A sequential extraction procedure was utilized to obtain soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from bergamot. The main monosaccharide in SDF and IDF is arabinose. SDF had a porous structure, which enhanced the water and oil holding capacity, as well as the cholesterol and glucose adsorption capacity, which was superior to that of IDF. In db/db diabetic mice, SDF and IDF regulated glucose tolerance and controlled blood glucose levels. Reduction of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in SDF and IDF could be observed. In summary, SDF and IDF from bergamot effectively promoted health in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifan Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Liang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Churong Liang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiqiang Liang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiacong Lai
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renying Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Wang
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Gengsheng Xiao
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17
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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18
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Yu X, Liang X, Han K, Shi F, Meng N, Li Q. Anti-Aging Effect of Dietary Fiber Compound Mediated by Guangxi Longevity Diet Pattern on Natural Aging Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153181. [PMID: 35956357 PMCID: PMC9370509 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of previous studies by our team has shown that the Guangxi longevity diet pattern contributes to the improvement of human health, but the role of dietary fiber compounds (DFC) in the anti-aging of this diet pattern has not been studied in depth. Thus, mice were fed with 5%, 15%, and 30% of the characteristic dietary fiber compound (CDFC) (compounded according to the longevity diet pattern) for 8 weeks, and their learning memory capacity, antioxidant capacity, and inflammatory markers, as well as typical microorganisms in the intestinal tract were analyzed to investigate the anti-aging effects of the CDFC under the Guangxi longevity diet pattern on naturally aging mice. The results showed that CDFC had a bidirectional effect on body weight regulation; increased brain, spleen, and cardiac indices, of which the medium dose was the best. Meanwhile, CDFC also had a maintenance and improvement effect on learning and memory ability in aging mice, as well as improved antioxidant capacity and reduced inflammation level. The neuronal cell necrosis in the hippocampus of mice was effectively alleviated. The expression of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides was significantly reduced, and the expression of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased. In addition, the optimal amount of CDFC added from the level of experimental animals was in a certain interval above and below 15%. The combined results indicated that CDFC mediated by the Guangxi longevity dietary pattern had significant anti-aging effects, thus theoretically proving that dietary fiber compound contributes to human longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.Y.); (K.H.); (F.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China;
- Agricultural Engineering Institute, Guangxi Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530226, China
| | - Kunchen Han
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.Y.); (K.H.); (F.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Fengcui Shi
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.Y.); (K.H.); (F.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Ning Meng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.Y.); (K.H.); (F.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Quanyang Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.Y.); (K.H.); (F.S.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-6788-3719
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19
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Chen J, Wan L, Zheng Q, Lan M, Zhang X, Li Y, Li B, Li L. Structural characterization and in vitro hypoglycaemic activity of glucomannan from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. Food Funct 2022; 13:1797-1807. [PMID: 35083996 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03010h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new polysaccharide (AABP-2B) was obtained from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge after purification by gradient alcohol precipitation and DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. AABP-2B was confirmed to be a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 5800 Da and was composed of mannose and glucose at a molar ratio of 7.2 : 2.8. Structural analysis demonstrated that the backbone of AABP-2B was mainly composed of 4)-β-D-Manp-(1, 4,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 and 3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1. The hypoglycaemic effect of AABP-2B was evaluated by its inhibition of α-glucosidase activities and insulin resistance in a HepG2 cell model. The results showed that AABP-2B displayed α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and could significantly improve glucose consumption by activating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Hence, AABP-2B may have potential as a functional food or medicine for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China.
| | - Liting Wan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Qingsong Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Meijuan Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Plant Protein Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
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20
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Cao X, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Wang Y, Li B, Tian J. Impacts of konjac glucomannan with different modification of degradation or deacetylation on the stress resistance and fitness in Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:397-409. [PMID: 35114273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of modification in molecules or deacetylation of konjac glucomannan (KGM) on the stress resistance in vivo has rarely been studied systematically. This research studied the effects of KGM with different molecular weights and degrees of deacetylation on the stress resistance and physical fitness of Caenorhabditis elegans. After the nematodes were incubated with different modified KGM, the survival rate of nematodes under oxidative and heat stress, as well as the fertility and locomotion were measured. KGM(2-5) can significantly prolong the mean and maximum lifespan of nematodes in the presence of paraquat. Under heat stress, all partially degraded konjac glucomannan (PDKGM) showed the significant extension of survival rates. Da(1-3) improved the survival rates of nematodes under oxidative stress. Furthermore, genes expression showed that KGM(2-5) and Da(1-3) upregulated the expression of sod-3, hsp-16.2, and atf-7. Taken together, molecular weight reduction or deacetylation of KGM have a significant impact on the stress resistance in vivo. PDKGM applied in stress resistance will be suggested not to exceed 200 kDa and deacylation of KGM will be suggested to be below 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yundi Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China; Functional Food Engineering & Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
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21
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LUO W, Liu F, QI X, DONG G. Research progress of konjac dietary fibre in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.23322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu LUO
- Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University, China; Qingdao Chengyang District Yuhe Tang Chinese Medicine clinic, China
| | - Fanghua Liu
- Qingdao Chengyang District Yuhe Tang Chinese Medicine clinic, China
| | - Xin QI
- Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
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22
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Weng G, Duan Y, Zhong Y, Song B, Zheng J, Zhang S, Yin Y, Deng J. Plant Extracts in Obesity: A Role of Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2021; 8:727951. [PMID: 34631766 PMCID: PMC8495072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.727951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become one of the most serious chronic diseases threatening human health. Its occurrence and development are closely associated with gut microbiota since the disorders of gut microbiota can promote endotoxin production and induce inflammatory response. Recently, numerous plant extracts have been proven to mitigate lipid dysmetabolism and obesity syndrome by regulating the abundance and composition of gut microbiota. In this review, we summarize the potential roles of different plant extracts including mulberry leaf extract, policosanol, cortex moutan, green tea, honokiol, and capsaicin in regulating obesity via gut microbiota. Based on the current findings, plant extracts may be promising agents for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its related metabolic diseases, and the mechanisms might be associated with gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yinzhao Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Antidiabetic effect of konjac glucomannan via insulin signaling pathway regulation in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110664. [PMID: 34600666 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that tends to disarray various metabolic pathways. Dietary-mediated T2DM prevention garners much attention in recent decades. Hence, this study was intended to elucidate the antidiabetic properties of Konjac glucomannan (KGM) in diabetic rats. Our experimental design includes five groups, with six rats in each group. Group 1 feeding standard diet pallet alone served as control rats; group 2 was KGM control rats administered intragastrically with KGM (120 mg/kg b.w.). Group 3 was developed as diabetic rats with a high-fat diet and an intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin-40 mg/kg b.w. Group 4 were diabetic rats treated with KGM (80 mg/kg b.w.), and group 5 were diabetic rats received rosiglitazone treatment (4 mg/kg b.w.). The results showed that STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly elevate liver marker enzymes and gluconeogenesis enzymes. Diminished glycolytic enzymes, liver glycogen, insulin signaling genes, and proteins were also seen in diabetic rats. Treatment with KGM augmented glycolytic enzymes and liver glycogen. On the other hand, KGM diminished gluconeogenesis, liver marker enzymes, upregulated gene, and protein expression of the insulin pathway. The current results suggest dietary KGM can offer a better health benefit in the treatment of T2DM.
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24
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A γ-PGA/KGM-based injectable hydrogel as immunoactive and antibacterial wound dressing for skin wound repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112374. [PMID: 34579893 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels, of which the cover area and volume can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape and depth of the wound, are considered to be an ideal material for wound dressing. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with immunomodulatory capability, while γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a single chain polyamino acid with moisturizing, water-retention and antibacterial properties. This work intended to combine the advantages of the two materials to prepare an injectable hydrogel (P-OK) by mixing the adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) modified γ-PGA with oxidized KGM. The chemical structures, the physical and chemical properties, and the biological properties of the P-OK hydrogel were evaluated. The optimal conditions to form the P-OK hydrogel were fixed, and the cytotoxicity, qPCR, antibacterial and animal experiments were performed. Results showed that the P-OK hydrogel had a fast gelation time, good water-retention rate, little cytotoxicity, good immunomodulating and antibacterial capabilities, and could shorten the healing period in the rat full-thickness defect model, which makes it a potential candidate for wound repair dressing.
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25
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Basu A, Crew J, Ebersole JL, Kinney JW, Salazar AM, Planinic P, Alexander JM. Dietary Blueberry and Soluble Fiber Improve Serum Antioxidant and Adipokine Biomarkers and Lipid Peroxidation in Pregnant Women with Obesity and at Risk for Gestational Diabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1318. [PMID: 34439566 PMCID: PMC8389321 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancies affected by obesity are at high risk for developing metabolic complications with oxidative stress and adipocyte dysfunction contributing to the underlying pathologies. Few studies have examined the role of dietary interventions, especially those involving antioxidants including polyphenolic flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables on these pathologies in high-risk pregnant women. We conducted an 18 gestation-week randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a dietary intervention comprising of whole blueberries and soluble fiber vs. control (standard prenatal care) on biomarkers of oxidative stress/antioxidant status and adipocyte and hormonal functions in pregnant women with obesity (n = 34). Serum samples were collected at baseline (<20 gestation weeks) and at the end of the study period (32-26 gestation weeks). Study findings showed maternal serum glutathione and antioxidant capacity to be significantly increased, and malondialdehyde to be decreased in the dietary intervention vs. control group (all p < 0.05). Among the adipokine biomarkers, serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and visfatin, as biomarkers of adipocyte dysfunction and insulin resistance, were also decreased following dietary intervention (all p < 0.05). These findings support the need for supplementing maternal diets with berries and fiber to improve oxidative stress and risks of metabolic complications during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Jeannette Crew
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA;
| | - Jefferson W. Kinney
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (J.W.K.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Arnold M. Salazar
- Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (J.W.K.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Petar Planinic
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA; (P.P.); (J.M.A.)
- Valley Health System, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA
| | - James M. Alexander
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA; (P.P.); (J.M.A.)
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26
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Cui H, Zhu X, Wang Z, Fang J, Yuan T. A Purified Glucomannan Oligosaccharide from Amorphophallus konjac Improves Colonic Mucosal Barrier Function via Enhancing Butyrate Production and Histone Protein H3 and H4 Acetylation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:427-435. [PMID: 33587639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A structurally defined konjac glucomannan oligosaccharide (KGMOS) with a relatively high molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution (molecular weight ranging from 3000 to 4000 Da, degree of polymerization (dp) 8-11) was prepared from native konjac glucomannan (KGM), and the beneficial effects and molecular mechanisms of KGMOS on colonic functions were investigated in C57BL/6 mice. The results are the first to reveal that KGMOS regulated intestinal microflora composition to facilitate the production of colonic butyrate. Elevated butyrate production further increased the acetylation of histone proteins H3 and H4 and thus enhanced the transcription of the major colonic mucin gene Muc2 and the secretion of mucin elements, which represents a new molecular mechanism of KGM oligosaccharide consumption. The findings indicate that KGM oligosaccharides with specific molecular sizes have highly desirable functional properties and potentially could improve gut health by promoting the barrier function of the colonic mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoguang Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Fang
- GlycoNovo Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201318, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
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