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Sun CY, Li YT, Liu D, Chen CW, Liao ML. Gastroprotective potential of the aqueous extract of nine-steaming and nine-sun-drying processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua against alcoholic gastric injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 338:119103. [PMID: 39542190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonatum (Huangjing) genus has been used as both food and medicine in China for 2000 years, which was regarded as a "Top-grade" herb in the Shennong Bencao Jing. The most commonly used species is the rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PC) that is traditionally utilized to invigorate Qi, nourish Yin, moisten lung, and tonify spleen and kidney. AIM OF THE STUDY Excessive alcohol consumption causes severe upper-gastrointestinal diseases, notably gastric mucosal damage characterized by hemorrhagic gastritis, which lacks safe and effective intervention. This study aims to investigate the gastroprotective effects of nine-steaming and nine-drying processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PPC) on alcohol-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS PPC extract was chemically characterized by UPLC-QE-MS analysis. ICR mice were subjected to an ethanol-induced gastric lesion model and were orally administered PPC aqueous extract for 5 consecutive days. After treatment, gastric tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and the pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress factors were determined using ELISA and Multiplex assay, while the gene expressions of gastric tissues were detected by RNA-seq and Western blotting. RESULTS PPC reduced the alcohol concentration of liquor in vitro and protected against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal lesion in mice. Notably, PPC aqueous extract relieved alcohol-induced pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress factors, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that ethanol exposure activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-17 signaling pathways in gastric tissue, and these activated signaling pathways were inhibited by the PPC treatment. Consistently, Western blot data showed that PPC treatment suppressed the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), TNF-α and IL-17A pathways in gastric tissue. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the aqueous extract of PPC exerted a gastroprotective effect against alcohol-induced gastric injury by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress, potentially through the inhibition of the MAPKs, IL-17 and TNF-α pathways. These findings supported the future development of PPC as an effective intervention for alcohol-induced gastric damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yue Sun
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dong Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Cun-Wu Chen
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Mao-Liang Liao
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Gao B, Rao C, Lei X, Li S, Huang X, Liu Y, Ye D. The synergistic enhancement or inhibition of different molecular weight components of mannoproteins after ultrafiltration on the encapsulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 283:137684. [PMID: 39549814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 11/10/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of molecular weight regulation on mannoproteins (MPs) in encapsulating both monomeric and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (MOPC). To achieve this, two different conformations of MPs were fractionated by ultrafiltration into two main molecular weight components. The results indicated that regulating molecular weight through ultrafiltration altered the conformation of MPs chains, which in turn affected the intermolecular forces with MOPC. Specifically, the interactions among the different molecular weight components of MPs formed a cross-linking network. High molecular weight components provided external support to this network, while low molecular weight components contributed to internal stabilization. The dense, flexible, and irregular coil structure of MPs facilitated the entry of MOPC into the internal spaces of the cross-linking network. Additionally, protein unfolding into a more stable β-sheet structure further stabilized MPs' cross-linking network, enhancing its capacity to encapsulate MOPC. The presence of more hydrophobic regions and positive charges within the proteins increased the number of binding sites for MOPC. This study aimed to identify the primary structural forms of MPs with potent initial bitter inhibition capabilities on MOPC, and a proposed ultrafiltration method was introduced to modify the triple helix structure of polysaccharide, offering a foundational theoretical framework for enhancing the functional attributes of current or prospective MPs. Additionally, the mixed regulation of polysaccharides with varying conformations was also beneficial for guiding the production of high-efficiency polysaccharide products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghong Gao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chuanyan Rao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Xingmeng Lei
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Siqi Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaochuan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Yanlin Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Dongqing Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-processing Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
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Xiao L, Xu H, Wu T, Xie Q, Wen R, Wang L, Su B, Zhang H. Metabolomic Diversity in Polygonatum kingianum Across Varieties and Growth Years. Molecules 2024; 29:5180. [PMID: 39519821 PMCID: PMC11547710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29215180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2024] [Revised: 10/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum rhizome is a traditional Chinese medicine of the same origin as food and medicine, and it has high economic value and social benefits. To screen the excellent germplasm resources of Polygonatum kingianum (P. kingianum) and clarify the nutritional and medicinal value of the rhizome of P. kingianum, we used widely targeted metabolomics to analyze the traits and metabolomics of rhizomes of different germplasms of P. kingianum from different growth years. The results showed that different germplasms and growth years of P. kingianum were rich in different nutritional and medicinal components. Among them, Polygonatum kingianum 'Linyun 1' rhizome (PWR) was richer in amino acids and derivatives, alkaloids, and phenolic acids, while Polygonatum kingianum rhizome (PRR) was richer in flavonoids, organic acids, and phenolic acids. Most of the differential compounds were mainly enriched in PRR when the growth year was one, and PWR had a greater variety and higher content of differential compounds in the third year, which also reflected the advantages of Polygonatum kingianum 'Linyun 1' (P. kingianum 'Linyun 1') as an excellent new variety of P. kingianum. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathway analysis showed that in P. kingianum with the same age and different germplasms, the significantly enriched metabolic pathway was more active in biosynthesis in PWR. In the same germplasm of P. kingianum from different years, the metabolites involved in PRR were mainly the highest in one-year-old P. kingianum (PR-1) or three-year-old P. kingianum (PR-3), and the metabolites involved in PWR were mainly the highest in three-year-old P. kingianum 'Linyun 1' (PW-3). The above results showed that the three-year-old PWR had more advantages based on chemical substances. Therefore, this study provided a new theoretical reference for the development of P. kingianum products and the breeding of new varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Xiao
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China: (L.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Huimei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (H.X.); (Q.X.); (R.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Tao Wu
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China: (L.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Qiufeng Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (H.X.); (Q.X.); (R.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Rouyuan Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (H.X.); (Q.X.); (R.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Le Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (H.X.); (Q.X.); (R.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Baoshun Su
- Linyun Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd., Dali 671000, China
| | - Haizhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; (H.X.); (Q.X.); (R.W.); (L.W.)
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Zhang N, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Li L, Liu W. Distinct prebiotic effects of polysaccharide fractions from Polygonatum kingianum on gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135568. [PMID: 39270897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the physicochemical properties, digestive stability, and in vitro fermentation behavior of Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharide (PKP) fractions (PKP60, PKP70, PKP80) obtained through graded ethanol precipitation. High-performance gel permeation chromatography revealed significant molecular weight differences among the fractions, while reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography indicated consistent monosaccharide types with variations in their proportions. Uronic acid analysis confirmed that all polysaccharide fractions met the criteria for neutral polysaccharides. Congo red staining confirmed the presence of a triple-helix structure in all PKP fractions. Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that these fractions remained stable during in vitro digestion, as evidenced by consistent molecular weights and total carbohydrate content, with no significant production of free monosaccharides or reducing sugars. All PKP fractions were fermented by gut microbiota, resulting in the production of short-chain fatty acids. Beta diversity and structural analyses of gut microbiota revealed distinct modulatory effects associated with each PKP fraction. The PKP fractions promoted probiotic growth, especially PKP70, which significantly enhanced Bifidobacterium proliferation, indicating strong prebiotic potential. These findings underscore the importance of isolation and purification methods in determining the functionality and gut microbiota-modulating effects of plant-derived polysaccharides, emphasizing the need for in-depth research that extends beyond merely evaluating their source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhongshuai Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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Bu Y, Yin B, Qiu Z, Li L, Zhang B, Zheng Z, Li M. Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Polygonati rhizoma pomace. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101778. [PMID: 39280228 PMCID: PMC11402156 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to prepare polysaccharides from the pomace of Polygonatum rhizome and characterize their structural features and biological activities. After hot water extraction and DEAE-52 cellulose fractionation, a neutral polysaccharide (PKP) was obtained with 91.85% sugars and 0.45% proteins. Structural characterization indicated that PKP contained a main fraction with a molecular weight of 4.634 × 103 Da and was composed of →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ and →6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ residues. PKP was a semi-crystalline polymer, and the Congo red assay suggested the presence of triple-helix structure in PKP. PKP exhibited moderate radical scavenging activity (including 15.55% inhibition of DPPH, 21.48% inhibition of ABTS, and 22.52% inhibition of ·OH) and could effectively protect MRC-5 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage at 0.01 mg/mL through inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing SA-β-galactosidase activity, and downregulating the expression levels of p16 and p53. Therefore, PKP could be used in functional foods and pharmaceuticals as an antioxidant. This study provides an attractive method for utilizing polysaccharides from waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Bu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Bangfeng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhichang Qiu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Lingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health in Universities of Shandong, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Minmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
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6
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Du Q, Song H, Yan C, Ai C, Wu S, Song S. Structural analysis and bioavailability study of low-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfate‑iron complexes prepared by photocatalysis-Fenton reaction. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122435. [PMID: 39048209 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Increasing studies focus on depolymerization of chondroitin sulfate (CS) to enhance its biological activities. In the present study, low-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfate (LMWCS)‑iron complexes were obtained by photocatalysis-Fenton reaction. After degradation with the optimal condition of 0.25 % (w/v) TiO2, 10 mM FeSO4, and 400 mM H2O2 for 0, 15, and 60 min, the average relative molecular weights of CS were reduced to 4.77, 2.47, and 1.21 kDa, respectively. Electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture test identified •OH, •O2-, and h+ in the photocatalysis-Fenton system, among them h+ was the major contributor for CS degradation. The structures of degradation products were analyzed by UV, CD, XRD, SEM-EDS, and NMR, and the results indicated that CS chelated iron with its carboxyl and sulfate groups, leading to changes in conformation and microtopography. Then 10 oligosaccharides were identified in the degradation products using HPLC-MSn and the depolymerization mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, iron release was observed in simulated gastrointestinal digestion of LMWCS‑iron complexes. Notably, the everted gut sac experiment demonstrated that LMWCS‑iron complex possessed 3.75 times higher iron absorption than FeSO4 (p < 0.01) and 12.60 times higher CS absorption than original CS (p < 0.0001). In addition, LMWCS‑iron exhibited stronger in vitro antioxidant activity than CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Haoran Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Sitong Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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Guo Q, Zhang M, Mujumdar AS. Progress of plant-derived non-starch polysaccharides and their challenges and applications in future foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13361. [PMID: 39031723 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The development of future food is devoted not only to obtaining a sustainable food supply but also to providing high-quality foods for humans. Plant-derived non-starch polysaccharides (PNPs) are widely available, biocompatible, and nontoxic and have been largely applied to the food industry owing to their mechanical properties and biological activities. PNPs are considered excellent biomaterials and food ingredients contributing to future food development. However, a comprehensive review of the potential applications of PNPs in future food has not been reported. This review summarized the physicochemical and biological activities of PNPs and then discussed the structure-activity relationships of PNPs. Latest studies of PNPs on future foods including cell-cultured meat, food for special medical purposes (FSMPs), and three-dimensional-printed foods were reviewed. The challenges and prospects of PNPs applied to future food were critically proposed. PNPs with strong thermal stability are considered good thickeners, emulsifiers, and gelatinizers that greatly improve the processing adaptability of foods. The mechanical properties of PNPs and decellularized plant-based PNPs make them desirable scaffolds for cultured meat manufacturing. In addition, the biological activities of PNPs exhibit multiple health-promoting effects; therefore, PNPs can act as food ingredients producing FSMP to promote human health. Three-dimensional printing technology enhances food structures and biological activities of functional foods, which is in favor of expanding the application scopes of PNPs in future food. PNPs are promising in future food manufacturing, and more efforts need to be made to realize their commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- China General Chamber of Commerce Key Laboratory on Fresh Food Processing & Preservation, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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Liu R, Zhang X, Cai Y, Xu S, Xu Q, Ling C, Li X, Li W, Liu P, Liu W. Research progress on medicinal components and pharmacological activities of polygonatum sibiricum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118024. [PMID: 38484952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonatum sibiricum, commonly known as Siberian Solomon's seal, is a traditional herb widely used in various traditional medical systems, especially in East Asia. In ancient China, the use of polygonatum sibiricum in medicine and food was mentioned in Li Shizhen's Bencao Gangmu of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It was also used in history of India in Vedic medicine. The plant is rich in bioactive substances such as polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoid and alkaloids. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to understand the pharmacological and pharmacokinetics research progress of the major components of polygonatum sibiricum, and to prospect its potential application and development in the treatment of various diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search against major online databases on the Web, including PubMed, ancient books, patents, PubMed, Wiley, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and others. We select the pharmacological process and mechanism of the main components of polygonatum sibiricum in a variety of diseases, and make a strict but careful supplement and in-depth elaboration to this review. RESULTS Several studies have demonstrated the strong antioxidant properties of polygonatum extract, which can be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and other polyphenol compounds; for diabetes and other metabolic-related diseases, polygonatum saponins have particular advantages in regulating intestinal flora and lipoprotein concentration in organisms. In addition, the polysaccharides extracted from this plant have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, which is related to its ability to regulate proinflammatory cytokine and mediators. In the aspect of anti-tumor effect, polygonatum derivatives can induce cancer cell apoptosis mainly by adjusting the cell membrane potential and cell cycle. It is worth noting that the combined action of the main components of polygonatum also offers promising solutions for the treatment of the disease. CONCLUSION Polygonatum polysaccharide has therapeutic effects on many diseases by adjusting cell signal pathways, polygonatum sibiricum have significant advantages in regulating intestinal flora, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, activating antioxidant processes, etc. Further research and basic exploration are needed to prove the function and mechanisms of the main components of polygonatum sibiricum on related diseases. The study on the immunomodulatory properties of polygonatum revealed its potentiality of enhancing immune function, which made it an interesting subject for further exploration in the field of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilian Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China; The Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Xili Zhang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Yuhan Cai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Shuang Xu
- The Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Qian Xu
- The Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Chengli Ling
- The Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Xin Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Pingan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Druggability and Preparation Modification for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
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Zhou Z, Liu M, Zhao X, Li H, Hu Q, Jiang Z. Study on the material basis and immunological enhancement activity of dangdi oral liquid. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32160. [PMID: 38912465 PMCID: PMC11190602 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that a lot of traditional Chinese medicines could improve the immunity of the body. Dangdi oral liquid (DDO) was mainly composed of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Danggui), Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (Dihuang), Achyranthes bidentata Bl. (Niuxi), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Gancao). In this study, the rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was used to identify the potentially effective compounds of DDO. Then the immune activity of DDO was measured by lymphocyte proliferation, macrophage phagocytic function, NK cell activity, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, hemolytic plaque number, sIgA content and immune organ index. The results showed that a total of 51 compounds were identified. In addition, DDO could significantly promote the lymphocyte proliferation, improve macrophage phagocytic ability, NK cell activity, hemolytic plaque number, sIgA content and immune organ index compared with control group, and the medium dose possessed the best efficacy (P<0.05). These results indicated that DDO could enhance the immunity of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Minzhuo Liu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine department, Hunan Children ’s Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Zhiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, China
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Liu S, Hu J, Zhong Y, Hu X, Yin J, Xiong T, Nie S, Xie M. A review: Effects of microbial fermentation on the structure and bioactivity of polysaccharides in plant-based foods. Food Chem 2024; 440:137453. [PMID: 38154284 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Fermented plant-based foods that catering to consumers' diverse dietary preferences play an important role in promoting human health. Recent exploration of their nutritional value has sparked increasing interest in the structural and bioactive changes of polysaccharides during fermentation, the essential components of plant-based foods which have been extensively studied for their structures and functional properties. Based on the latest key findings, this review summarized the dominant fermented plant-based foods in the market, the involved microbes and plant polysaccharides, and the corresponding modification in polysaccharides structure. Further microbial utilization of these polysaccharides, influencing factors, and the potential contributions of altered structure to the functions of polysaccharides were collectively illustrated. Moreover, future research trend was proposed, focusing on the directional modification of polysaccharides and exploration of the mechanisms underlying structural changes and enhanced biological activity during fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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11
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Wang M, Tang HP, Bai QX, Yu AQ, Wang S, Wu LH, Fu L, Wang ZB, Kuang HX. Extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities, and applications of polysaccharides from the genus Lilium: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131499. [PMID: 38614164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The genus Lilium (Lilium) has been widely used in East Asia for over 2000 years due to its rich nutritional and medicinal value, serving as both food and medicinal ingredient. Polysaccharides, as one of the most important bioactive components in Lilium, offer various health benefits. Recently, polysaccharides from Lilium plants have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their diverse biological properties including immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-aging and anti-radiation effects. However, the limited comprehensive understanding of polysaccharides from Lilium plants has hindered their development and utilization. This review focuses on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities, structure-activity relationships, applications, and relevant bibliometrics of polysaccharides from Lilium plants. Additionally, it delves into the potential development and future research directions. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of polysaccharides from Lilium plants and to serve as a basis for further research and development as therapeutic agents and multifunctional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Hai-Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Qian-Xiang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Ai-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000, China.
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12
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Feng A, Zhao Z, Liu C, Du C, Gao P, Liu X, Li D. Study on characterization of Bupleurum chinense polysaccharides with antioxidant mechanisms focus on ROS relative signaling pathways and anti-aging evaluation in vivo model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131171. [PMID: 38574920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the structures of three polysaccharides from Bupleurum chinense DC. (BCPRs), and evaluated their antioxidant and anti-aging properties. The HPGPC and ion chromatography analyses revealed that the molecular weights of the BCPRs ranged from 12.05 to 21.20 kDa, and were primarily composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, galactose, glucose and galacturonic acid. Methylation and NMR studies identified 10 PMAAs, establishing the various backbones of BCPRs 1-3. BCPR-3 demonstrated potent antioxidant activities, including DPPH, ABTS, hydroxy, and superoxide radicals scavenging in vitro. At concentrations between 125 and 500 μg/mL, BCPR-3 increased T-AOC, SOD and GSH-Px activities, while decreasing MDA levels in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, RNA-seq results indicated that BCPR-3 considerably downregulated the expression of 49 genes and upregulated five genes compared with the control group. KEGG analysis suggested that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were predominantly involved in the TNF and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Furthermore, in vivo experiment with Drosophila melanogaster showed that BCPR-3 could extend the average lifespan of flies. In conclusion, polysaccharides from B. chinense exhibited potential antioxidant and anti-aging activities, which could be developed as new ingredients to combat oxidative stress damage and slow the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Feng
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China
| | - Changfeng Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Cheng Du
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, 100016, China
| | - Pinyi Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China.
| | - Xuegui Liu
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Green Functional Molecular Design and Development, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Development of Boron and Magnesium Resources and Fine Chemical Technology, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
| | - Danqi Li
- Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Green Functional Molecular Design and Development, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
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13
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Huang J, Chen Y, Su Y, Yuan W, Peng D, Guan Z, Chen J, Li P, Du B. Identification of carbohydrate in Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl and inhibiting oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129760. [PMID: 38286375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The specific structure of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl polysaccharide (PKP) has been rarely reported. In this study, an inulin-type fructan PKP-1, was extracted and purified from Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl, and its structural characteristics and antioxidants activity were evaluated. The molecular weights of PKP-1 was determined to be 4.802 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analysis evidenced that PKP-1 was composed of galactose, glucose and fructose in a molar ratio of 0.8 %:7.2 %:92.0 %. Glycosidic linkage and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis revealed that PKP-1 exhibited a primary sugar residue linkage of →1-β-d-Fruf-2→2,6-β-d-Fruf-1→, where β-d-Fruf-2→ acts as the side chain and links to the C-6 position of →2,6-β-d-Fruf-1→. In vitro antioxidant activity assays demonstrated that PKP-1 enhanced the mitigation of hepatic oxidative stress in HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acids. This effect was marked by increased enzymatic activities of superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), along with elevated glutathione (GSH) levels. These findings indicate that PKP-1 could be used as a potential natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Huang
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanlan Chen
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yi Su
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wanqing Yuan
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dong Peng
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziwen Guan
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pan Li
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bing Du
- South China Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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14
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Zhang Q, Yang Z, Su W. Review of studies on polysaccharides, lignins and small molecular compounds from three Polygonatum Mill. (Asparagaceae) spp. in crude and processed states. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129511. [PMID: 38242391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Since ancient times, Polygonatum Mill. (Asparagaceae) has been utilized as a medicinal and culinary resource in China. Its efficacy in treating various illnesses has been well documented. Traditional processing involves the Nine-Steam-Nine-Bask method, which results in a reduction of toxicity and enhanced effectiveness of Polygonatum. Many substances, such as polysaccharides, lignins, saponins, homoisoflavones, alkaloids, and others, have been successfully isolated from Polygonatum. This review presents the research progress on the chemical composition of three crude and processed Polygonatum, including Polygonatum sibiricum Redouté (P. sibiricum), Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsl (P. kingianum), and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema). The review also includes the pharmacology of Polygonatum, specifically on the pharmacology of polysaccharides both before and after processing. Its objective is to provide a foundation for uncovering the significance of the processing procedure, and to facilitate the development and utilization of Polygonatum in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zouyue Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Weike Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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15
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Wang X, Hu K, Chen Y, Lai J, Zhang M, Li J, Li Q, Zhao N, Liu S. Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum fermentation on the physicochemical, antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory ability of polysaccharides from Lvjian okra. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128649. [PMID: 38065452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Okra polysaccharides exhibits a range of biological activities. To date, its processing using microbial fermentation has not been explored. This study investigated the fermentation of okra juice with various lactic acid bacteria, followed by the extraction and characterization of crude polysaccharides (termed OPS-F), in contrast to their non-fermented counterpart (OPS). Changes in physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory ability were noted. The results demonstrated that OPS-F had a 7.42-12.53 % increase in total polysaccharides content compared to OPS. However, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography indicated a reduction in the molecular weight of OPS-F (7.9-9.5 × 105 Da) relative to OPS (1.66 × 106 Da). Compared to OPS, OPS-F had reduced levels of mannose, glucose, glucuronic acid and arabinose, but increased rhamnose, galacturonic acid and galactose, exhibiting enhanced solubility and lower apparent viscosity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed minimal changes in polysaccharide structure post-fermentation. Moreover, despite a decrease in antioxidant activity post-fermentation, OPS-F exhibited superior immunomodulatory potential. In conclusion, fermenting okra juice with lactic acid bacteria alters the physicochemical properties of crude polysaccharides and enhances their immunomodulatory activity, offering a promising approach for developing new functional food resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Wang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Kaidi Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jinghui Lai
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Mengmei Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qin Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Shuliang Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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16
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Cheng J, Wang Y, Wei H, He L, Hu C, Cheng S, Ji W, Liu Y, Wang S, Huang X, Jiang Y, Han S, Xing Y, Wang B. Fermentation-mediated variations in structure and biological activity of polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127463. [PMID: 37852397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the structure and activities of polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg fermented by Sanghuangporus sanghuang fungi were investigated. Compare with the unfermented polysaccharide (THDP2), the major monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of polysaccharide after fermentation (F-THDP2) altered dramatically, which caused galactose-induced conversion from glucose and one-third of molecular weight. F-THDP2 had a molecular weight of 1.23 × 104 Da. Moreover, the glycosidic linkage of F-THDP2 varied significantly, a 1, 2-linked α-d-Galp and 1, 2-linked α-d-Manp backbone was established in F-THDP2, which differed from that of 1, 4-linked α-d-Glcp and 1, 4-linked β-d-Galp in THDP2. In addition, F-THDP2 showed a more flexible chain conformation than that of THDP2 in aqueous solution. Strikingly, F-THDP2 exhibited superior inhibitory effects on HeLa cells via Fas/FasL-mediated Caspase-3 signaling pathways than that of the original polysaccharide. These variations in both structure and biological activities indicated that fermentation-mediated modification by Sanghuangporus sanghuang might a promising novel method for the effective conversion of starch and other polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg into highly bioactive biomacromolecules, which could be developed as a potential technology for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hailong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Liang He
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Chuanjiu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shiming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Weiwei Ji
- Huzhou Liangxi Forest Park Management Office, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sheping Wang
- Forestry and Water Conservancy Bureau of Changshan County, Changshan 324200, China
| | - Xubo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Sufang Han
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yiqi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biological and Chemical Utilization of Zhejiang Forest Resources, Department of Forest Foods, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Baohui Wang
- Zhejiang hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310060, China
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17
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Xu YL, Yuan H, Li N, Xiao JH, Xu JW. Increased production and anti-senescence activity of exopolysaccharides in Ganoderma lingzhi by co-overexpression of β-1,3-glucan synthase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126778. [PMID: 37683745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
A β-1,3-glucan synthase gene (gls) was cloned and overexpressed in Ganoderma lingzhi. The content of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) in G. lingzhi overexpressing gls was 22.36 mg/100 mg dry weight (DW), 19 % higher than those in the wild-type (WT) strain. Overexpression of gls did not affect the expression of the phosphoglucomutase gene and the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene (ugp) in the polysaccharide biosynthesis. The gls and ugp were then simultaneously overexpressed in G. lingzhi for the first time. The combined overexpression of these two genes increased the IPS content and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production to a greater extent than the overexpression of gls independently. The maximum IPS content of the overexpressed strain was 24.61 mg/100 mg, and the maximum EPS production was 1.55 g/L, 1.31- and 1.50-fold higher than that in the WT strain, respectively. Moreover, the major EPS fractions from the overexpression strain contained more glucose (86.7 % and 72.5 %) than those from the WT strain (78.2 % and 62.9 %). Furthermore, the major fraction G+U-0.1 from the overexpression strain exhibited stronger antioxidant and anti-senescence activities than the WT-0.1 fraction from the WT strain. These findings will aid in the hyperproduction and application of Ganoderma polysaccharides and facilitate our understanding of mushroom polysaccharide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- University Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Na Li
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- University Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.
| | - Jun-Wei Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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18
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Wang G, Xie L, Huang Z, Xie J. Recent advances in polysaccharide biomodification by microbial fermentation: production, properties, bioactivities, and mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:12999-13023. [PMID: 37740706 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2259461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are natural chemical compounds that are extensively employed in the food and pharmaceutical industries. They exhibit a wide range of physical and biological properties. These properties are commonly improved by using chemical and physical methods. However, with the advancement of biotechnology and increased demand for green, clean, and safe products, polysaccharide modification via microbial fermentation has gained importance in improving their physicochemical and biological activities. The physicochemical and structural characteristics, biological activity, and modification mechanisms of microbially fermented polysaccharides were reviewed and summarized in this study. Polysaccharide modifications were categorized and discussed in terms of strains and fermentation techniques. The effects of microbial fermentation on the physicochemical characteristics of polysaccharides were highlighted. The impact of modification of polysaccharides on their antioxidant, immune, hypoglycemic, and other activities, as well as probiotic digestive enhancement, were also discussed. Finally, we investigated a potential enzyme-based process for polysaccharide modification via microbial fermentation. Modification of polysaccharides via microbial fermentation has significant value and application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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19
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Liu H, Cheng H, Xu J, Hu J, Zhao C, Xing L, Wang M, Wu Z, Peng D, Yu N, Liu J. Genetic diversity and population structure of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in China using SSR markers. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290605. [PMID: 37651363 PMCID: PMC10470896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Polygonatum genus, belonging to the Liliaceae family, with significant medicinal and nutritional value. In China, this species is a traditional medicinal and edible herb with a long history of application and is widely appreciated by the people. However, as the demand for medicinal herbs continues to grow, excessive harvesting has led to the depletion of wild resources and the risk of genetic erosion. In addition, the chaotic cultivation of varieties and the lack of high quality germplasm resources have led to inconsistent quality of medical materials. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct genetic diversity evaluation of this species and establish a sound conservation plan. This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 96 samples collected from seven regions in China using the simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker technology. In this study, a total of 60 alleles (Na) were detected across the 10 polymorphic SSR markers used, with an average of 6.0 alleles generated per locus. The values of polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.3396 to 0.8794, with an average value of 0.6430. The average value of the effective number of alleles (Ne) was 2.761, and the average value of the Shannon's information index (I) was 1.196. The population structure analysis indicates that the Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua germplasm can be classified into three subpopulations (JZ, QY, JD) at the molecular level, which corresponds to the previous subgroups identified based on individual plant phenotypic traits. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that 74% of the genetic variation was between individuals within populations in different regions. The phylogenetic analysis of the 96 germplasm samples divided them into three main populations. The QY and JD subpopulations are largely clustered together, which could be attributed to their mountainous distribution and the local climate environment. The genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) value was low at 0.065, indicating relatively low population differentiation. The ratio of the genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) between the JZ population and the other two populations (QY and JD) is much higher than the ratio between the QY and JD populations. Based on the clustering results and the ratio of the genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst), it can be inferred that the genetic relationship between the QY and JD subpopulations is closer, with a certain degree of genetic differentiation from the JZ subpopulation. This study supports the conservation of germplasm resources of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in China and provides new parental material for germplasm genetic improvement and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - He Cheng
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiayi Hu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lihua Xing
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Mengjin Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhendong Wu
- Anhui Qingyang County Jiuhua traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Technology Co., Ltd, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Anhui Provincial Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Wan P, Liu H, Zhu Y, Xin H, Ma Y, Chen Z. Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum on Physicochemical Properties, Biological Compounds, and Functionality of Fermented Soymilk. Foods 2023; 12:2715. [PMID: 37509807 PMCID: PMC10379452 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum) on microbial fermentation, physicochemical properties, and functional properties of fermented soymilk. Three types of fermented soymilk were prepared. The first type was fermented directly from regular soymilk (fermented soymilk, FSM), and the other two were fermented after adding P. sibiricum (P. sibiricum fermented soymilk, P-FSM) or P. sibiricum polysaccharides (P. sibiricum polysaccharides fermented soymilk, PP-FSM). The differences in physical and chemical indexes such as pH value, acidity, and water-holding capacity were mainly compared, and the differences in the contents of functional components such as total phenols, total flavonoids, soy isoflavones, γ-aminobutyric acid, and organic acids were compared. The functionalities of the three samples in terms of antioxidant activity were evaluated, and the relevance of each active substance was explored. Compared with the FSM group, the addition of P. sibiricum and P. sibiricum polysaccharides could not only significantly promote the fermentation of Lactobacillus but also significantly improve the stability of the finished products during storage and prolong the shelf life of the finished product. The conversion rates of glycoside soybean isoflavones in the PP-FSM and P-FSM groups were 73% and 69%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the FSM group (64%). At the end of fermentation, the γ-aminobutyric acid contents of the PP-FSM and P-FSM groups were 383.66 ± 1.41 mg/L and 386.27 ± 3.43 mg/L, respectively, while that of the FSM group was only 288.66 ± 3.94 mg/L. There were also great differences in the content and types of organic acids among the three samples, especially lactic acid and acetic acid. By comparing the antioxidant capacity of DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical), AB-TS (2,2'-Azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate), and iron chelation, it was found that both PP-FSM and P-FSM were superior to FSM, and the antioxidant capacity had a certain correlation with the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wan
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Han Liu
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Haitao Xin
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Zhizhou Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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