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Altabas V, Marinković Radošević J, Špoljarec L, Uremović S, Bulum T. The Impact of Modern Anti-Diabetic Treatment on Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3051. [PMID: 38002051 PMCID: PMC10669792 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the leading chronic diseases globally with a significant impact on mortality. This condition is associated with chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications caused by vascular damage. Recently, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) raised interest due to their regenerative properties. EPCs are mononuclear cells that are derived from different tissues. Circulating EPCs contribute to regenerating the vessel's intima and restoring vascular function. The ability of EPCs to repair vascular damage depends on their number and functionality. Diabetic patients have a decreased circulating EPC count and impaired EPC function. This may at least partially explain the increased risk of diabetic complications, including the increased cardiovascular risk in these patients. Recent studies have confirmed that many currently available drugs with proven cardiovascular benefits have beneficial effects on EPC count and function. Among these drugs are also medications used to treat different types of diabetes. This manuscript aims to critically review currently available evidence about the ways anti-diabetic treatment affects EPC biology and to provide a broader context considering cardiovascular complications. The therapies that will be discussed include lifestyle adjustments, metformin, sulphonylureas, gut glucosidase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor analogs, sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors, and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velimir Altabas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Sestre Milosrdnice University Clinical Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Marinković Radošević
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Sestre Milosrdnice University Clinical Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Špoljarec
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Sestre Milosrdnice University Clinical Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tomislav Bulum
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Sestre Milosrdnice University Clinical Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Benítez-Camacho J, Ballesteros A, Beltrán-Camacho L, Rojas-Torres M, Rosal-Vela A, Jimenez-Palomares M, Sanchez-Gomar I, Durán-Ruiz MC. Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:324. [PMID: 37950274 PMCID: PMC10636846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose which can also lead to the so-called diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), responsible for most of the morbidity, hospitalizations and death registered in these patients. Currently, different approaches to prevent or reduce DM and its DVCs have focused on reducing blood sugar levels, cholesterol management or even changes in lifestyle habits. However, even the strictest glycaemic control strategies are not always sufficient to prevent the development of DVCs, which reflects the need to identify reliable biomarkers capable of predicting further vascular complications in diabetic patients. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), widely known for their potential applications in cell therapy due to their regenerative properties, may be used as differential markers in DVCs, considering that the number and functionality of these cells are affected under the pathological environments related to DM. Besides, drugs commonly used with DM patients may influence the level or behaviour of EPCs as a pleiotropic effect that could finally be decisive in the prognosis of the disease. In the current review, we have analysed the relationship between diabetes and DVCs, focusing on the potential use of EPCs as biomarkers of diabetes progression towards the development of major vascular complications. Moreover, the effects of different drugs on the number and function of EPCs have been also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Benítez-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Ballesteros
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, Córdoba University, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jimenez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sanchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
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Singh A, Jaiswar SP, Priyadarshini A, Deo S. Reduced Endothelial Progenitor Cells: A Possible Biomarker for Idiopathic Fetal Growth Restriction in Human Pregnancies. JOURNAL OF MOTHER AND CHILD 2023; 27:182-189. [PMID: 37991978 PMCID: PMC10664836 DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-23-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be necessary throughout pregnancy by ensuring proper placentation and embryonic growth. The lack of standardized EPC quantification techniques has prevented conclusive proof of an increase in EPC during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether EPC levels change for healthy and idiopathic fetal growth restriction (FGR) pregnancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 48 healthy pregnant females with no previous history of IUGR (10 in the first trimester, 15 in the second, and 23 in the third), 48 women with pregnancy complicated by idiopathic FGR, and 15 non-pregnant women. By using flow cytometry, EPCs in maternal blood were recognized as CD45dim/CD34/KDR cells. ELISA was used to measure plasmatic cytokines. RESULTS We ascertained a progressive rise in EPCs in healthy pregnancies that was apparent in the first but more pronounced in the third trimester. At comparable gestational ages, FGR-complicated pregnancies had impaired EPC growth. Placental growth factor and stromal-derived factor-1 levels in the blood were significantly lower in FGR than in healthy pregnancies, which may have contributed to the degradation of the EPCs. CONCLUSION The count in EPCs might hold considerable promise toward developing a peculiar authentication marker for observing pregnancies, and could be the focus of cutting-edge tactics for the prognosis and treatment of FGR pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
- Photobiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow
| | - Shyam Pyari Jaiswar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - Apala Priyadarshini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
| | - Sujata Deo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow
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Ferentinos P, Tsakirides C, Swainson M, Davison A, Martyn-St James M, Ispoglou T. The impact of different forms of exercise on circulating endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022. [PMID: 35022875 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04876-1.pmid:35022875;pmcid:pmc8927049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to vascular repair and their monitoring could have prognostic clinical value. Exercise is often prescribed for the management of cardiometabolic diseases, however, it is not fully understood how it regulates EPCs. OBJECTIVES to systematically examine the acute and chronic effects of different exercise modalities on circulating EPCs in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed. RESULTS six electronic databases and reference lists of eligible studies were searched to April 2021. Thirty-six trials met the inclusion criteria including 1731 participants. Acute trials: in chronic heart failure (CHF), EPC mobilisation was acutely increased after high intensity interval or moderate intensity continuous exercise training, while findings were inconclusive after a cardiopulmonary cycling exercise test. Maximal exercise tests acutely increased EPCs in ischaemic or revascularized coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD), EPC levels increased up to 24 h post-exercise. In patients with compromised metabolic health, EPC mobilisation was blunted after a single exercise session. Chronic trials: in CHF and acute coronary syndrome, moderate intensity continuous protocols, with or without resistance exercise or calisthenics, increased EPCs irrespective of EPC identification phenotype. Findings were equivocal in CAD regardless of exercise mode, while in severe PAD disease EPCs increased. High intensity interval training increased EPCs in hypertensive metabolic syndrome and heart failure reduced ejection fraction. CONCLUSION the clinical condition and exercise modality influence the degree of EPC mobilisation and magnitude of EPC increases in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle Swainson
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Adam Davison
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Cytec Biosciences B.V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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The impact of different forms of exercise on endothelial progenitor cells in healthy populations. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1589-1625. [PMID: 35305142 PMCID: PMC9197818 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to vascular healing and neovascularisation, while exercise is an effective means to mobilise EPCs into the circulation. OBJECTIVES to systematically examine the acute and chronic effects of different forms of exercise on circulating EPCs in healthy populations. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed. RESULTS thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria including 747 participants aged 19 to 76 years. All included trials used flow cytometry for identification of circulating EPCs. Eight and five different EPC phenotypes were identified in the acute and chronic trials, respectively. In the acute trials, moderate intensity continuous (MICON), maximal, prolonged endurance, resistance and high intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise protocols were utilised. Prolonged endurance and resistance exercise had the most profound effect on circulating EPCs followed by maximal exercise. In the chronic trials, MICON exercise, HIIT, HIIT compared to MICON and MICON compared to exergame (exercise modality based on an interactive video game) were identified. MICON exercise had a positive effect on circulating EPCs in older sedentary individuals which was accompanied by improvements in endothelial function and arterial stiffness. Long-stage HIIT (4 min bouts) appears to be an effective means and superior than MICON exercise in mobilising circulating EPCs. In conclusion, both in acute and chronic trials the degree of exercise-induced EPC mobilisation depends upon the exercise regime applied. In future, more research is warranted to examine the dose-response relationship of different exercise forms on circulating EPCs using standardised methodology and EPC phenotype.
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Ferentinos P, Tsakirides C, Swainson M, Davison A, Martyn-St James M, Ispoglou T. The impact of different forms of exercise on circulating endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:815-860. [PMID: 35022875 PMCID: PMC8927049 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to vascular repair and their monitoring could have prognostic clinical value. Exercise is often prescribed for the management of cardiometabolic diseases, however, it is not fully understood how it regulates EPCs. OBJECTIVES to systematically examine the acute and chronic effects of different exercise modalities on circulating EPCs in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed. RESULTS six electronic databases and reference lists of eligible studies were searched to April 2021. Thirty-six trials met the inclusion criteria including 1731 participants. Acute trials: in chronic heart failure (CHF), EPC mobilisation was acutely increased after high intensity interval or moderate intensity continuous exercise training, while findings were inconclusive after a cardiopulmonary cycling exercise test. Maximal exercise tests acutely increased EPCs in ischaemic or revascularized coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD), EPC levels increased up to 24 h post-exercise. In patients with compromised metabolic health, EPC mobilisation was blunted after a single exercise session. Chronic trials: in CHF and acute coronary syndrome, moderate intensity continuous protocols, with or without resistance exercise or calisthenics, increased EPCs irrespective of EPC identification phenotype. Findings were equivocal in CAD regardless of exercise mode, while in severe PAD disease EPCs increased. High intensity interval training increased EPCs in hypertensive metabolic syndrome and heart failure reduced ejection fraction. CONCLUSION the clinical condition and exercise modality influence the degree of EPC mobilisation and magnitude of EPC increases in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle Swainson
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Adam Davison
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Cytec Biosciences B.V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Taylor GS, Shaw A, Scragg JH, Smith K, Campbell MD, McDonald TJ, Shaw JA, Ross MD, West DJ. Type 1 Diabetes Patients With Different Residual Beta-Cell Function but Similar Age, HBA1c, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Have Differing Exercise-Induced Angiogenic Cell Mobilisation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:797438. [PMID: 35222269 PMCID: PMC8874313 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.797438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many individuals with type 1 diabetes retain residual beta-cell function. Sustained endogenous insulin and C-peptide secretion is associated with reduced diabetes related complications, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Lower circulating numbers of endothelial and hematopoietic progenitor cells (EPCs and HPCs), and the inability to increase the count of these cells in response to exercise, are also associated with increased diabetes complications and cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether residual beta-cell function influences HPCs and EPCs. Thus, this study examined the influence of residual beta-cell function in type 1 diabetes upon exercise-induced changes in haematopoietic (HPCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). METHODS Participants with undetectable stimulated C-peptide (n=11; Cpepund), 10 high C-peptide (Cpephigh; >200 pmol/L), and 11 non-diabetes controls took part in this observational exercise study, completing 45 minutes of intensive walking at 60% V˙O2peak . Clinically significant HPCs (CD34+) and EPCs (CD34+VEGFR2+) phenotypes for predicting future adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and subsequent cell surface expression of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and 7 (CXCR7), were enumerated at rest and immediately post-exercise by flow cytometry. RESULTS Exercise increased HPCs and EPCs phenotypes similarly in the Cpephigh and control groups (+34-121% across phenotypes, p<0.04); but Cpepund group did not significantly increase from rest, even after controlling for diabetes duration. Strikingly, the post-exercise Cpepund counts were still lower than Cpephigh at rest. CONCLUSIONS Residual beta-cell function is associated with an intact exercise-induced HPCs and EPCs mobilisation. As key characteristics (age, fitness, HbA1c) were similar between groups, the mechanisms underpinning the absent mobilisation within those with negative C-peptide, and the vascular implications, require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy S. Taylor
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Daniel J. West, ; Guy S. Taylor,
| | - Andy Shaw
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jadine H. Scragg
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran Smith
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Campbell
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J. McDonald
- National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Academic Department of Blood Sciences, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - James A. Shaw
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Newcastle Centre for Diabetes Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D. Ross
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. West
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Daniel J. West, ; Guy S. Taylor,
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Pulito-Cueto V, Remuzgo-Martínez S, Genre F, Atienza-Mateo B, Mora-Cuesta VM, Iturbe-Fernández D, Lera-Gómez L, Pérez-Fernández R, Prieto-Peña D, Portilla V, Blanco R, Corrales A, Gualillo O, Cifrián JM, López-Mejías R, González-Gay MA. Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Relevant Players in the Vasculopathy and Lung Fibrosis Associated with the Presence of Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis Patients. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070847. [PMID: 34356910 PMCID: PMC8301775 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which are key effectors in the physiologic vascular network, have been described as relevant players in autoimmune diseases. We previously showed that EPC frequency may help to identify the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Given that ILD constitutes the main cause of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, we aimed to determine the EPC contribution to the pathogenic processes of vasculopathy and lung fibrosis in SSc-ILD+. EPC quantification was performed by flow cytometry on blood from 83 individuals: 21 SSc-ILD+ patients and subjects from comparative groups (20 SSc-ILD− and 21 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients and 21 healthy controls (HC)). EPC were considered as CD34+, CD45low, CD309+, and CD133+. A significant increase in EPC frequency was found in SSc-ILD+ patients when compared to HC (p < 0.001). SSc-ILD+ patients exhibited a higher EPC frequency than SSc-ILD− patients (p = 0.012), whereas it was markedly reduced compared to IPF patients (p < 0.001). EPC frequency was higher in males (p = 0.04) and negatively correlated to SSc duration (p = 0.04) in SSc-ILD+ patients. Our results indicate a role of EPC in the processes of vasculopathy and lung fibrosis in SSc-ILD+. EPC frequency may be considered as a biomarker of ILD in SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pulito-Cueto
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Sara Remuzgo-Martínez
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Fernanda Genre
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Belén Atienza-Mateo
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- López Albo’ Post-Residency Programme, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Mora-Cuesta
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - David Iturbe-Fernández
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Leticia Lera-Gómez
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Raquel Pérez-Fernández
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Diana Prieto-Peña
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Virginia Portilla
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Ricardo Blanco
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Alfonso Corrales
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Servizo Galego de Saude and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - José M. Cifrián
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Mejías
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.L.-M.); (M.A.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-942-315-515 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.); Fax: +34-942-31-55-17 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.)
| | - Miguel A. González-Gay
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (B.A.-M.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (L.L.-G.); (R.P.-F.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Correspondence: (R.L.-M.); (M.A.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-942-315-515 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.); Fax: +34-942-31-55-17 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.)
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Taylor GS, Shaw A, Smith K, Capper TE, Scragg JH, Cronin M, Bashir A, Flatt A, Campbell MD, Stevenson EJ, Shaw JA, Ross M, West DJ. Type 1 diabetes patients increase CXCR4 + and CXCR7 + haematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells with exercise, but the response is attenuated. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14502. [PMID: 34267242 PMCID: PMC8282661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise mobilizes angiogenic cells, which stimulate vascular repair. However, limited research suggests exercise-induced increase of endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs) is completely lacking in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Clarification, along with investigating how T1D influences exercise-induced increases of other angiogenic cells (hematopoietic progenitor cells; HPCs) and cell surface expression of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and 7 (CXCR7), is needed. Thirty T1D patients and 30 matched non-diabetes controls completed 45 min of incline walking. Circulating HPCs (CD34+, CD34+CD45dim) and EPCs (CD34+VEGFR2+, CD34+CD45dimVEGFR2+), and subsequent expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7, were enumerated by flow cytometry at rest and post-exercise. Counts of HPCs, EPCs and expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 were significantly lower at rest in the T1D group. In both groups, exercise increased circulating angiogenic cells. However, increases was largely attenuated in the T1D group, up to 55% lower, with CD34+ (331 ± 437 Δcells/mL vs. 734 ± 876 Δcells/mL p = 0.048), CD34+VEGFR2+ (171 ± 342 Δcells/mL vs. 303 ± 267 Δcells/mL, p = 0.006) and CD34+VEGFR2+CXCR4+ (126 ± 242 Δcells/mL vs. 218 ± 217 Δcells/mL, p = 0.040) significantly lower. Exercise-induced increases of angiogenic cells is possible in T1D patients, albeit attenuated compared to controls. Decreased mobilization likely results in reduced migration to, and repair of, vascular damage, potentially limiting the cardiovascular benefits of exercise.Trial registration: ISRCTN63739203.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy S Taylor
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andy Shaw
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kieran Smith
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tess E Capper
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jadine H Scragg
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Cronin
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ayat Bashir
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anneliese Flatt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthew D Campbell
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK.,Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James A Shaw
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Ross
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel J West
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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10
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Muggeridge D, Dodd J, Ross MD. CD34 + progenitors are predictive of mortality and are associated with physical activity in cardiovascular disease patients. Atherosclerosis 2021; 333:108-115. [PMID: 34340831 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) play an important role in vascular repair and can influence cardiovascular (CV) health and longevity. Exercise is known to modulate these cells via mobilization from the bone marrow. The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the association of CPCs with mortality and explore the association between physical activity (PA) and CPCs. METHODS 1751 individuals from the Framingham Offspring cohort (66 ± 9 years [40-92 years], 54% female) were included in the study. CPCs (CD34+, CD34+CD133+, CD34+CD133+KDR+) were measured by flow cytometry. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate relationship of CPCs with future CV event and mortality. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between self-reported PA and CPC counts. RESULTS Following adjustment for standard risk factors, there was an inverse association between CD34+ CPCs and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) per unit increase in CD34+, 0.79; 95% CI 0.64-0.98, p = 0.036). CD34+CD133+ CPCs were inversely associated with CV mortality (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44-0.91, p = 0.013). Associations of CD34+ and CD34+CD133+ with mortality were strongest in participants with pre-existing CVD. PA was associated with CD34+ CPCs only in CVD participants (PA Index: β = 0.176, p = 0.003; moderate-to-vigorous [MVPA]: β = 0.159, p = 0.007). This relationship was maintained after adjustment for confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS A higher number of CD34+ and CD34+ CD133+ CPCs was inversely associated with all-cause and CV mortality. These associations were strongest in participants with CVD. PA is independently associated with CD34+ CPCs in individuals with CVD only, suggestive of greater benefit for this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Muggeridge
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Health Research & Innovation, Division of Biomedical Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Dodd
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Ross
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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11
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Individuals with controlled hypertension show endothelial integrity following a bout of moderate-intensity exercise: randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8528. [PMID: 33879820 PMCID: PMC8058090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE) or combined exercise (CE) on flow-mediated dilation (FMD), progenitor cells (PCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), oxidative stress markers and endothelial-cell derived microvesicles (EMVs) in patients with hypertension. This is a randomized, parallel-group clinical trial involving an intervention of one session of three different modalities of exercise. Thirty-three males (43 ± 2y) were randomly divided into three groups: a session of AE (n = 11, 40 min, cycle ergometer, 60% HRR); a session of RE (n = 11, 40 min, 4 × 12 lower limb repetitions, 60% 1-RM); or a session of CE (n = 11, 20-min RE + 20-min AE). FMD was assessed 10 min before and 10, 40 and 70 min post-intervention. Blood samples were collected at the same time points (except 40 min). FMD were similar in all groups and from baseline (within each group) after a single exercise bout (AE, RE or CE). At 70 min, RE group showed higher levels of PCs compared to the AE (81%) and CE group (60%). PC levels were reduced from baseline in all groups (AE: 32%, p = 0.037; RE: 15%, p = 0.003; CE: 17%, p = 0.048). The levels of EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress were unchanged. There were no acute effects of moderate-intensity exercise on FMD, EPCs, EMVs and oxidative stress, but PCs decreased regardless of the exercise modality. Individuals with controlled hypertension do not seem to have impaired vascular function in response to a single exercise bout.
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12
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Pulito-Cueto V, Remuzgo-Martínez S, Genre F, Mora-Cuesta VM, Iturbe-Fernández D, Fernández-Rozas S, Atienza-Mateo B, Lera-Gómez L, Alonso-Lecue P, Rodríguez-Carrio J, Prieto-Peña D, Portilla V, Blanco R, Corrales A, Gualillo O, Cifrián JM, López-Mejías R, González-Gay MA. Endothelial Progenitor Cells as a Potential Biomarker in Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124098. [PMID: 33353104 PMCID: PMC7766338 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) increases morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the pathogenesis of ILD associated with RA (RA-ILD+) remains poorly defined, vascular tissue is crucial in lung physiology. In this context, endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are involved in endothelial tissue repair. However, little is known about their implication in RA-ILD+. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the potential role of EPC related to endothelial damage in RA-ILD+. EPC quantification in peripheral blood from 80 individuals (20 RA-ILD+ patients, 25 RA-ILD- patients, 21 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, and 14 healthy controls) was performed by flow cytometry. EPC were considered as CD34+, CD45low, CD309+ and CD133+. A significant increase in EPC frequency in RA-ILD+ patients, as well as in RA-ILD- and IPF patients, was found when compared with controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.02 and p < 0.001, respectively). RA-ILD+ patients exhibited a higher EPC frequency than the RA-ILD- ones (p = 0.003), but lower than IPF patients (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that EPC increase may represent a reparative compensatory mechanism in patients with RA-ILD+. The degree of EPC frequency may help to identify the presence of ILD in RA patients and to discriminate RA-ILD+ from IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pulito-Cueto
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Sara Remuzgo-Martínez
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Fernanda Genre
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Víctor M. Mora-Cuesta
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - David Iturbe-Fernández
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Rozas
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Belén Atienza-Mateo
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- López Albo’ Post-Residency Programme, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Leticia Lera-Gómez
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
| | - Pilar Alonso-Lecue
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Carrio
- Department of Functional Biology, Immunology Area, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, 33006 Asturias, Spain;
| | - Diana Prieto-Peña
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Virginia Portilla
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Ricardo Blanco
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Alfonso Corrales
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - José M. Cifrián
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39005 Cantabria, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Mejías
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.L.-M.); (M.A.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-942-315-515 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.); Fax: +34-942-31-55-17 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.)
| | - Miguel A. González-Gay
- Research Group on Genetic Epidemiology and Atherosclerosis in Systemic Diseases and in Metabolic Bone Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System, IDIVAL, Santander, 39011 Cantabria, Spain; (V.P.-C.); (S.R.-M.); (F.G.); (V.M.M.-C.); (D.I.-F.); (S.F.-R.); (B.A.-M.); (L.L.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (D.P.-P.); (V.P.); (R.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, 39008 Cantabria, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39005 Cantabria, Spain
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Correspondence: (R.L.-M.); (M.A.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-942-315-515 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.); Fax: +34-942-31-55-17 (R.L.-M. & M.A.G.-G.)
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Effects of exercise on endothelial progenitor cells in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38:817-827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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14
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Effects of exercise on endothelial progenitor cells in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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15
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Diego-Nieto A, Vidriales MB, Alonso-Orcajo N, Moreno-Samos JC, Martin-Herrero F, Carbonell R, Cid B, Cruz-Gonzalez I, Martin-Moreiras JC, Cuellas C, Pascual C, Lopez-Benito M, Sanchez PL, Fernandez-Vazquez F, de Prado AP. No Differences in Levels of Circulating Progenitor Endothelial Cells or Circulating Endothelial Cells Among Patients Treated With Ticagrelor Compared With Clopidogrel During Non- ST -Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e009444. [PMID: 30371302 PMCID: PMC6404906 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Ticagrelor use during acute coronary syndromes demonstrated a decrease in all‐cause mortality in the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial. This effect has been attributed to a non–platelet‐derived improvement in endothelial function. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the number of endothelial progenitor cells and/or circulating endothelial cells found in peripheral blood in patients treated with either ticagrelor or clopidogrel during non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Methods and Results In this multicenter, randomized study (NCT02244710), patients were considered for inclusion after non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction whenever they were P2Y12‐inhibitor naïve. Ticagrelor and clopidogrel were allocated at a 1:1 ratio. Blood samples for determining endothelial progenitor cells and circulating endothelial cells were extracted before the antiplatelet loading dose, 48 hours after presentation of index symptoms, and 1 month after the event. A multichannel cytometer was used for optimal cell characterization. A total of 96 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Circulating endothelial cell levels corrected by white blood cells were as follows at baseline, 48 hours, and 1 month: 44 (28–64), 50 (33–63), and 38 (23–62) cells/mL, respectively, for clopidogrel and 38 (29–60), 45 (32–85), and 35 (24–71) cells/mL, respectively, for ticagrelor (P=0.6). Endothelial progenitor cell levels were 29 (15–47), 27 (15–33), and 18 (10–25) cells/mL, respectively, for clopidogrel and 20 (11–33), 22 (12–32), and 18 (11–29) cells/mL, respectively, for ticagrelor (P=0.9). No differences in intraindividual changes were found. Conclusions Patients treated with ticagrelor during non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, in comparison to clopidogrel, showed similar levels of endothelial progenitor cells and circulating endothelial cells. These data suggest that the endothelial protective effect mediated by ticagrelor is not related to bone marrow physiology modulation. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02244710.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Belen Cid
- 4 Department of Cardiology City of Universitu Hospital of Santiago de Compostela
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Zhou F, Zhou Y, Yang M, Wen J, Dong J, Tan W. Optimized multiparametric flow cytometric analysis of circulating endothelial cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors: a technical analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:447-464. [PMID: 29563835 PMCID: PMC5846315 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their subpopulations could be potential novel biomarkers for various malignancies. However, reliable enumerable methods are warranted to further improve their clinical utility. This study aimed to optimize a flow cytometric method (FCM) assay for CECs and subpopulations in peripheral blood for patients with solid cancers. Patients and methods An FCM assay was used to detect and identify CECs. A panel of 60 blood samples, including 44 metastatic cancer patients and 16 healthy controls, were used in this study. Some key issues of CEC enumeration, including sample material and anticoagulant selection, optimal titration of antibodies, lysis/wash procedures of blood sample preparation, conditions of sample storage, sufficient cell events to enhance the signal, fluorescence-minus-one controls instead of isotype controls to reduce background noise, optimal selection of cell surface markers, and evaluating the reproducibility of our method, were integrated and investigated. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to determine statistically significant differences. Results In this validation study, we refined a five-color FCM method to detect CECs and their subpopulations in peripheral blood of patients with solid tumors. Several key technical issues regarding preanalytical elements, FCM data acquisition, and analysis were addressed. Furthermore, we clinically validated the utility of our method. The baseline levels of mature CECs, endothelial progenitor cells, and activated CECs were higher in cancer patients than healthy subjects (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in resting CEC levels between healthy subjects and cancer patients (P=0.193). Conclusion We integrated and comprehensively addressed significant technical issues found in previously published assays and validated the reproducibility and sensitivity of our proposed method. Future work is required to explore the potential of our optimized method in clinical oncologic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaying Zhou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Wen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Coutinho MN, Carvalho AB, Dalboni MA, Mouro MG, Higa EMS, Costa-Hong V, Bortolotto LA, Figueiredo RADO, Canziani MEF. There Is No Impact of Diabetes on the Endothelial Function of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7926473. [PMID: 30596103 PMCID: PMC6286770 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7926473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased risk of endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Several studies have separately analyzed endothelial function in these populations. However, data of patients with both CKD and DM are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of DM has any additional effect on the endothelial dysfunction of CKD patients. METHODS We measured endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), stromal-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α), serum and urinary nitric oxide (NO), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 37 CKD patients with DM (CKD-DM group) and in 37 without DM (CKD group). RESULTS CKD-DM group had a higher prevalence of obesity (P < 0.01), previous myocardial infarction (P = 0.02), myocardial revascularization (P = 0.04), and a trend for more peripheral artery disease (P = 0.07). Additionally, CKD-DM group had higher EPC (P = 0.001) and PWV (P < 0.001) values. On the other hand, no difference in SDF-1α and serum or urinary NO and FMD was observed between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial dysfunction is frequent in CKD patients, and an additive effect of diabetes cannot be implicated, suggesting the predominant role of uremia in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Valéria Costa-Hong
- Heart Institute (InCor) of the University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil
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18
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Sradnick J, Tselmin S, Wagner A, Julius U, Todorov V, Hugo C, Hohenstein B. H.E.L.P apheresis exerts long term effects on the capacity of circulating proangiogenic cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2017; 30:232-237. [PMID: 29096843 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe forms of mono- and polygenetic hypercholesterolemia as well as elevated Lipoprotein (a) (LP(a)) with progressing cardiovascular (CV) disease are indication for lipoprotein apheresis (LA) in Germany. Many studies investigated pleiotropic effects of LA that might contribute to beneficial effects in advanced atherosclerosis. The present study aimed at investigating the potential role of Proangiogenic Cells (PAC) in patients with new onset or chronic LA using the heparin induced extracorporeal LDL-precipitation (H.E.L.P.) apheresis system. METHODS Patients (n = 10) new to LA and HELP treatment were investigated immediately before, shortly after, 24 h later and 4 weeks following LA. Peripheral blood was used to count PAC in circulation via flow cytometry. In a second step, blood cells from patients were cultured in endothelial selective medium and further evaluated for adhesion in fibronectin coated chamber slides and migratory capacity (stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) induced migration). RESULTS Cells expressing typical EPC markers were rarely detected in blood samples. No differences occurred over time in CD34+; CD34+ CD133+ CD45-; CD34+/KDR+ and CXCR4+/CD14+ positive PAC. We found no differences in cell adhesion at the different time points, while significantly more cells migrated into the SDF-1 medium following four weeks of continuing apheresis therapy. CONCLUSION Using well established systems, this study was not able to demonstrate relevant acute effects of LA on PAC in patients new to LA. The increased migratory capacity of PAC might be an indicator of chronic beneficial pleiotropic effects in patients undergoing H.E.L.P. apheresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sradnick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergey Tselmin
- Extracorporeal Treatment and Apheresis Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Julius
- Extracorporeal Treatment and Apheresis Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir Todorov
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hugo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Hohenstein
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany; Extracorporeal Treatment and Apheresis Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany.
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19
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Skrzypczyk P, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M. Methods to evaluate arterial structure and function in children - State-of-the art knowledge. Adv Med Sci 2017; 62:280-294. [PMID: 28501727 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasing rates of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes in the pediatric population, wide available, and reproducible methods are necessary to evaluate arterial structure and function in children and adolescents. METHODS MEDLINE/Pubmed was searched for articles published in years 2012-2017 on methodology of, current knowledge on, and limitations of the most commonly used methods to evaluate central, proximal and coronary arteries, as well as endothelial function in pediatric patients. RESULTS Among 1528 records screened (including 1475 records from years 2012 to 2017) 139 papers were found suitable for the review. Following methods were discussed in this review article: ultrasound measurements of the intima-media thickness, coronary calcium scoring using computed tomography, arterial stiffness measurements (pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis, carotid artery distensibility, pulse pressure, and ambulatory arterial stiffness index), ankle-brachial index, and methods to evaluate vascular endothelial function (flow-mediated vasodilation, peripheral arterial tonometry, Doppler laser flowmetry, and cellular and soluble markers of endothelial dysfunction). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonographic measurement of carotid intima-media thickness and measurement of pulse wave velocity (by oscillometry or applanation tonometry) are highly reproducible methods applicable for both research and clinical practice with proved applicability for children aged ≥6 years or with height ≥120cm. Evaluation of ambulatory arterial stiffness index by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is another promising option in pediatric high-risk patients. Clearly, further studies are necessary to evaluate usefulness of these and other methods for the detection of subclinical arterial damage in children.
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20
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Endothelial progenitor cells and hypertension: current concepts and future implications. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:2029-2042. [PMID: 27729472 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a group of cells that play important roles in angiogenesis and the maintenance of vascular endothelial integrity, has led to considerable improvements in our understanding of the circulatory system and the regulatory mechanisms of vascular homoeostasis. Despite lingering disputes over where EPCs actually originate and how they facilitate angiogenesis, extensive research in the past decade has brought about significant advancements in this field of research, establishing EPCs as an essential element in the pathogenesis of various diseases. EPC and hypertensive disorders, especially essential hypertension (EH, also known as primary hypertension), represent one of the most appealing branches in this area of research. Chronic hypertension remains a major threat to public health, and the exact pathologic mechanisms of EH have never been fully elucidated. Is there a relationship between EPC and hypertension? If so, what is the nature of such relationship-is it mediated by blood pressure alterations, or other factors that lie in between? How can our current knowledge about EPCs be utilized to advance the prevention and clinical management of hypertension? In this review, we set out to answer these questions by summarizing the current concepts about EPC pathophysiology in the context of hypertension, while attempting to point out directions for future research on this subject.
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21
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Targeting Endothelial Function to Treat Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Promise of Exercise Training. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:4865756. [PMID: 28706575 PMCID: PMC5494585 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4865756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the burden of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing, there is no therapy available that improves prognosis. Clinical trials using beta blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, cardiac-targeting drugs that reduce mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), have had disappointing results in HFpEF patients. A new “whole-systems” approach has been proposed for designing future HFpEF therapies, moving focus from the cardiomyocyte to the endothelium. Indeed, dysfunction of endothelial cells throughout the entire cardiovascular system is suggested as a central mechanism in HFpEF pathophysiology. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of current knowledge regarding endothelial dysfunction in HFpEF. We discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction and the extent, presence, and prognostic importance of clinical endothelial dysfunction in different vascular beds. We also consider implications towards exercise training, a promising therapy targeting system-wide endothelial dysfunction in HFpEF.
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22
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Zhou F, Zhou Y, Dong J, Tan W. Circulating endothelial cells and their subsets: novel biomarkers for cancer. Biomark Med 2017; 11:665-676. [PMID: 28597689 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis contributes to the growth of solid tumors. Antiangiogenic agents are widely used in various cancers and considerable efforts have been made in the development of novel biomarkers that can predict the outcome of an anticancer treatment. Of those, circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their subsets constitute a surrogate tool for monitoring disease activity. However, owing to the lack of standardization on the phenotypes and detection of CECs and their subsets, results have always been inconsistent and uninterpretable. In this review, we focus on the biological characteristics in terms of physiology, phenotypes and detection of CECs along with their subsets; review the current scenario of CEC enumeration as a surrogate biomarker in clinical oncology; and explore their future potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China.,Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yaying Zhou
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenyong Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
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Shi X, Zhang W, Yin L, Chilian WM, Krieger J, Zhang P. Vascular precursor cells in tissue injury repair. Transl Res 2017; 184:77-100. [PMID: 28284670 PMCID: PMC5429880 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular precursor cells include stem cells and progenitor cells giving rise to all mature cell types in the wall of blood vessels. When tissue injury occurs, local hypoxia and inflammation result in the generation of vasculogenic mediators which orchestrate migration of vascular precursor cells from their niche environment to the site of tissue injury. The intricate crosstalk among signaling pathways coordinates vascular precursor cell proliferation and differentiation during neovascularization. Establishment of normal blood perfusion plays an essential role in the effective repair of the injured tissue. In recent years, studies on molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular precursor cell function have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches to treat chronic wounds and ischemic diseases in vital organ systems. Verification of safety and establishment of specific guidelines for the clinical application of vascular precursor cell-based therapy remain major challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Nursing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Jessica Krieger
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio.
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24
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Mudrovcic N, Arefin S, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Kublickiene K. Endothelial maintenance in health and disease: Importance of sex differences. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:48-60. [PMID: 28108363 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium has emerged as more than just an inert monolayer of cells lining the vascular bed. It represents the interface between the blood stream and vessel wall, and has a strategic role in regulating vascular homeostasis by the release of vasoactive substances. Endothelial dysfunction contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Recognition of sex-specific factors implicated in endothelial cell biology is important for the identification of clinically relevant preventive and/or therapeutic strategies. This review aims to give an overview of the recent advances in understanding the importance of sex specific observations in endothelial maintenance, both in healthy and diseased conditions. The female endothelium is highlighted in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome and pre-eclampsia. Furthermore, sex differences are explored in chronic kidney disease, which is currently appreciated as one of public health priorities. Overall, this review endorses integration of sex analysis in experimental and patient-oriented research in the exciting field of vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neja Mudrovcic
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samsul Arefin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Gender Medicine, Department of Medicine-Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Van Craenenbroeck AH, Van Craenenbroeck EM. Endothelial progenitor cells and cardiovascular risk: does ageing trump all other factors? ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 4:553. [PMID: 28149914 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Waclawovsky G, Umpierre D, Figueira FR, De Lima ES, Alegretti AP, Schneider L, Matte US, Rodrigues TC, Schaan BD. Exercise on Progenitor Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016; 48:190-9. [PMID: 26312614 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the acute effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on the release of endothelial progenitor cell (EPCs, CD34+/KDR+/CD45 dim) and vascular function in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). METHODS Fourteen men with T1DM and 5 nondiabetic controls were randomly assigned to 40-min AE (60% VO 2peak) and RE sessions (60% 1-RM). The study had a crossover design, and interventions were 1 wk apart. Venous occlusion plethysmography (blood flow, reactive hyperemia, and vascular resistance) and blood collection (EPC levels, flow cytometry) were done immediately before and after exercise sessions. RESULTS Patients were 30.3 ± 1.6 yr-old, HbA1c 7.7% ± 0.2%; controls were 26.8 ± 2.3 yr-old. Groups did not differ in EPC levels at baseline or in relation to exercise. Over time, exercise did not induce changes in patients with T1DM, whereas, in controls, EPCs were decreased after AE (-10.7%, P = 0.017) and increased after RE (+12.2%, P = 0.004). Compared with baseline, blood flow increased and vascular resistance decreased after RE in both groups. Reactive hyperemia was increased 10 min after AE and RE sessions in patients with T1DM (36.5% and 42.0%, respectively) and in controls (35.4% and 74.3%), but no group differences were observed between groups in response to exercise. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increased vascular reactivity in both groups after both exercise sessions, EPCs were only influenced by exercise in controls. The unchanged number of EPCs in T1DM after exercise sessions might indicate a blunted endothelium regenerating capacity, revealing an early deterioration of the functional arterial characteristics not disclosed by only evaluating vascular functional variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Waclawovsky
- 1Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 2Graduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 3Department of Clinical Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 4Molecular and Protein Analysis Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; 5Endocrine Division of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL; and 6Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BRAZIL
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Cilostazol Improves Proangiogenesis Functions in Human Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells through the Stromal Cell-Derived Factor System and Hybrid Therapy Provides a Synergistic Effect In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3639868. [PMID: 27595100 PMCID: PMC4993925 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3639868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of cilostazol on proangiogenesis functions in human early endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vitro and the therapeutic implication of hybrid therapy with cilostazol and human early EPCs in vivo. Cilostazol significantly increased colony-forming units and enhanced differentiation of EPCs toward endothelial lineage. Treatments resulted in antiapoptotic effects and stimulated proliferation and migration and in vitro vascular tube formation through activation of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Blood flow recovery and capillary density in murine ischemic hindlimbs were significantly improved in cilostazol-treated, human early EPCs-treated, and cotreatment groups. The effects were attenuated with SDF-1α inhibition. Plasma SDF-1α levels were significantly higher in 3 active treatment groups after surgery, with greatest effects observed in hybrid therapy. The angiogenic effects of transplanted EPCs pretreated with cilostazol ex vivo were superior to untreated EPCs using in vivo Matrigel assay. Implanted EPCs were incorporated into the capillary, with pretreatment or cotreatment with cilostazol resulting in enhanced effects. Taken together, cilostazol promotes a large number of proangiogenic functions in human early EPCs through activation of SDF-1/CXCR4/PI3K/Akt signaling, and hybrid therapy provides a synergistic effect in vivo. Cotreatment may be beneficial in ischemic disease.
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28
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Nollet E, Hoymans VY, Rodrigus IR, De Bock D, Dom M, Vanassche B, Van Hoof VOM, Cools N, Van Ackeren K, Wouters K, Vermeulen K, Vrints CJ, Van Craenenbroeck EM. Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitor Cells Are Functionally Impaired in Ischemic Heart Disease. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:266-78. [PMID: 27456951 PMCID: PMC5031720 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-016-9707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether the presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) per se, or rather the co-presence of heart failure (HF), is the primum movens for less effective stem cell products in autologous stem cell therapy, we assessed numbers and function of bone marrow (BM)-derived progenitor cells in patients with coronary artery disease (n = 17), HF due to ischemic cardiomyopathy (n = 8), non-ischemic HF (n = 7), and control subjects (n = 11). Myeloid and erythroid differentiation capacity of BM-derived mononuclear cells was impaired in patients with underlying IHD but not with non-ischemic HF. Migration capacity decreased with increasing IHD severity. Hence, IHD, with or without associated cardiomyopathy, is an important determinant of progenitor cell function. No depletion of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) within the BM was observed, while circulating EPC numbers were increased in the presence of IHD, suggesting active recruitment. The observed myelosuppression was not driven by inflammation and thus other mechanisms are at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Nollet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Inez R Rodrigus
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dina De Bock
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc Dom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital Sint-Maarten, Duffel, Belgium
| | - Bruno Vanassche
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital Monica, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viviane O M Van Hoof
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Biochemistry, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Cools
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Van Ackeren
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristien Wouters
- Department of Scientific Coordination and Biostatistics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrien Vermeulen
- Laboratory of Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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Koller L, Hohensinner P, Sulzgruber P, Blum S, Maurer G, Wojta J, Hülsmann M, Niessner A. Prognostic relevance of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with chronic heart failure. Thromb Haemost 2016; 116:309-16. [PMID: 27412580 DOI: 10.1160/th16-01-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel strategies for a tailored risk prediction in chronic heart failure (CHF) are crucial to identify patients at very high risk for an improved patient management and to specify treatment regimens. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are an important endogenous repair mechanism with the ability to counteract endothelial injury and the possibility of new vessel formation. We hypothesised that exhaustion of circulating EPCs may be a suitable prognostic biomarker in patients with CHF. EPCs, defined as CD34+CD45dimKDR+ cells, were analysed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. EPCs were measured in 185 patients with CHF including 87 (47 %) patients with ischaemic aetiology and 98 (53 %) patients with non-ischaemic CHF and followed for a median time of 2.7 years. During this period, 34.7 % of patients experienced the primary study endpoint all-cause mortality. EPC count was a significant and independent inverse predictor of mortality with an hazard ratio hazard ratio (HR) per increase of one standard deviation (1-SD) of 0.47 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.61; p<0.001) and remained significant after multivariable adjustment for a comprehensive set of cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounders with a HR per 1-SD of 0.54 (95 % CI: 0.4-0.73; p<0.001). EPCs further demonstrated additional prognostic information indicated by improvements in C-statistic, net reclassification index and integrated discrimination increment. In conclusion, in our study circulating EPCs turned out as strong and independent inverse predictors of mortality underlining the importance of an impaired endothelial repair mechanism in the pathophysiology and progression of CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Niessner
- Alexander Niessner, MD, MSc, Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel.: +43 1 404004614, Fax: +43 1 404004216, E-mail:
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Childhood obesity-related endothelial dysfunction: an update on pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnostic advancements. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:831-7. [PMID: 26866906 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity jeopardizes a healthy future for our society's children as it is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality later on in life. Endothelial dysfunction, the first step in the development of atherosclerosis, is already present in obese children and may well represent a targetable risk factor. Technological advancements in recent years have facilitated noninvasive measurements of endothelial homeostasis in children. Thereby this topic ultimately starts to get the attention it deserves. In this paper, we aim to summarize the latest insights on endothelial dysfunction in childhood obesity. We discuss methodological advancements in peripheral endothelial function measurement and newly identified diagnostic markers of vascular homeostasis. Finally, future challenges and perspectives are set forth on how to efficiently tackle the catastrophic rise in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that will be inflicted on obese children if they are not treated optimally.
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Jaime-Pérez JC, Villarreal-Villarreal CD, Vázquez-Garza E, Méndez-Ramírez N, Salazar-Riojas R, Gómez-Almaguer D. Flow cytometry data analysis of CD34+/CD133+ stem cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood and T, B, and NK cells after hematopoietic grafting. Data Brief 2016; 7:1151-5. [PMID: 27115030 PMCID: PMC4833124 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides flow cytometry information regarding levels of expression for hematopoietic stem cell markers CD34 and CD133 obtained simultaneously of the bone marrow and peripheral blood from recipients of allogeneic and autologous transplants of PB hematoprogenitors for treating hematological malignancies and who were clinically healthy after ≥100 days following the procedure. CD34 and CD133 expression is compared regarding type of transplant (autologous vs. allogeneic) and sample cell source (bone marrow vs. peripheral blood). Patients were conditioned with a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen. Also shown is the flow cytometry analysis of mononuclear cell and lymphocyte populations in the peripheral blood of both types of recipients, as well as the characterization of immune cells, including T lymphocyte antigenic make up markers CD3, CD4 and CD8, B lymphocytes and NK cells, including total NK, bright and dim subtypes in the peripheral blood of both types of recipients. For further information and discussion regarding interpretation and meaning of post-transplant flow cytometry analysis, please refer to the article "Assessment of immune reconstitution status in recipients of a successful hematopoietic stem cell transplant from peripheral blood after reduced intensity conditioning" [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- José C. Jaime-Pérez
- Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, “Dr. José E. González” University Hospital of the School of Medicine of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
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Chao TH, Chen IC, Li YH, Lee PT, Tseng SY. Plasma Levels of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Are Elevated in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease and Associated With Metabolic Disorders and Dysfunction in Circulating Progenitor Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003497. [PMID: 27207972 PMCID: PMC4889209 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is involved in cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study investigated the association of plasma PCSK9 levels with the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and with parameters of endothelial homeostasis. METHODS AND RESULTS A post hoc analysis of 2 randomized trials (115 patients, 44 with PAD and 71 without atherosclerotic disease) was conducted. Patients with PAD had significantly higher plasma PCSK9 levels than those without (471.6±29.6 versus 302.4±16.1 ng/mL, P<0.001). Parameters for glucose homeostasis, endothelial progenitor cell functions, apoptotic circulating endothelial cell counts, and plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 and oxidized low-density lipoprotein were correlated with PCSK9 concentration. By multivariable linear regression analysis, presence of PAD, plasma glucose or hemoglobin A1c levels, apoptotic circulating endothelial cell counts, and vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 concentration were found to be associated with PCSK9 levels after multivariable adjustment. Patients with extensive involvement of PAD or with severe PAD had significantly higher PCSK9 levels than those without PAD. Computed tomographic angiography showed that the numbers of chronic total occlusion sites and vessels involved were positively associated with PCSK9 levels in patients with PAD (r=0.40, P=0.01, and r=0.36, P=0.02, respectively). CONCLUSION PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in patients with PAD, especially those with advanced PAD. Further large-scale studies examining the effect of PCSK9-targeting therapies or the modification of PCSK9 levels on cardiovascular outcomes in this clinical setting are warranted. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Cohort 1: URL: ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01952756; cohort 2: URL: ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02194686.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsing Chao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chih Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tseng Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ya Tseng
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Nollet E, Hoymans VY, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Vrints CJ, Van Craenenbroeck EM. Improving stem cell therapy in cardiovascular diseases: the potential role of microRNA. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H207-18. [PMID: 27208159 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00239.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The initial promising prospect of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cell therapy in the setting of cardiovascular diseases has been overshadowed by functional shortcomings of the stem cell product. As powerful epigenetic regulators of (stem) cell function, microRNAs are valuable targets for novel therapeutic strategies. Indeed, modulation of specific miRNA expression could contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy. First, this review elaborates on the functional relevance of miRNA dysregulation in bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in different cardiovascular diseases. Next, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the effect of specific miRNA modulation in several types of progenitor cells on cardiac and/or vascular regeneration. By elaborating on the cardioprotective regulation of progenitor cells on cardiac miRNAs, more insight in the underlying mechanisms of stem cell therapy is provided. Finally, some considerations are made regarding the potential of circulating miRNAs as regulators of the miRNA signature of progenitor cells in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Nollet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; and
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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Ross M, Ingram L, Tormey P, Florida-James G. Letter regarding article: 'Effect of acute exercise on circulating angiogenic cell and microparticle populations'. Exp Physiol 2016; 101:558. [PMID: 27038297 DOI: 10.1113/ep085700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ross
- School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lesley Ingram
- School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Tormey
- School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Geraint Florida-James
- School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
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Effects of a 12-week alpine skiing intervention on endothelial progenitor cells, peripheral arterial tone and endothelial biomarkers in the elderly. Int J Cardiol 2016; 214:343-7. [PMID: 27085126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction occurs early during atherogenesis and it can be normalized by exercise training. Unfortunately, patients' compliance with exercise prescription remains low, often because the given choices do not appeal to them. In Alpine regions, skiing is a popular mode of exercise, and therefore we set out to assess whether it can induce antiatherogenic effects. METHODS We randomized 42 subjects into a group of 12weeks of guided skiing (intervention group, IG, n=22; 12 males/10 females; age: 66.6±2.1years) or a control group (CG, n=20; 10 males/10 females; age: 67.3±4.4years). Early (CD3-CD34+CD45+) and late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs; CD45dimCD34+KDR+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs), peripheral arterial tonometry and endothelial biomarkers were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS In the IG, participants completed 28.5±2.6 skiing days at an average heart rate of 72.7±8.5% of their maximum heart rate. Changes in early (IG: +0.001±0.001% PBMC; CG: -0.001±0.001% PBMC; IG vs. CG: p<0.001) but not late EPCs differed significantly. Changes in peripheral arterial tone differed significantly between IG (Reactive Hyperemia Index: +0.18±0.76) and CG (-0.39±0.85; p=0.045), as did homocysteine (IG: -1.3±1.3μmol/l; CG: -0.4±1.4μmol/l; p=0.037) while other endothelial biomarkers remained essentially unchanged. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that skiing induces several beneficial effects on markers of atherogenesis including EPCs, peripheral arterial tone and homocysteine. Our findings suggest that recreational alpine skiing may serve as a further mode of preventive exercise training, which might result in improved compliance with current recommendations.
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Danova M, Comolli G, Manzoni M, Torchio M, Mazzini G. Flow cytometric analysis of circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitors for clinical purposes in oncology: A critical evaluation. Mol Clin Oncol 2016; 4:909-917. [PMID: 27284422 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and metastatic spread, with a pivotal importance of the phenomenon of angiogenesis. For this reason, research has focused on the development of agents targeting the vascular component of the tumor microenvironment and regulating the angiogenic switch. As a result, the therapeutic inhibition of angiogenesis has become an important component of anticancer treatment, however, its utility is partly limited by the lack of an established methodology to assess its efficacy in vivo. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs), which are rare in healthy subjects and significantly increased in different tumor types, represent a promising tool for monitoring the tumor clinical outcome and the treatment response. A cell population circulating into the blood also able to form endothelial colonies in vitro and to promote vasculogenesis is represented by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The number of both of these cell types is extremely low and they cannot be identified using a single marker, therefore, in absence of a definite consensus on their phenotype, require discrimination using combinations of antigens. Multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM) is ideal for rapid processing of high numbers of cells per second and is commonly utilized to quantify CECs and EPCs, however, remains technically challenging since there is as yet no standardized protocol for the identification and enumeration of these rare events. Methodology in studies on CECs and/or EPCs as clinical biomarkers in oncology is heterogeneous and data have been obtained from different studies leading to conflicting conclusions. The present review presented a critical review of the issues that limit the comparability of results of the most significant studies employing FCM for CEC and/or EPC detection in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Danova
- Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Vigevano Hospital, ASST Pavia, I-27029 Vigevano, Italy
| | - Giuditta Comolli
- Microbiology and Virology, Biotechnology Laboratories, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Martina Torchio
- Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Vigevano Hospital, ASST Pavia, I-27029 Vigevano, Italy
| | - Giuliano Mazzini
- Molecular Genetics Institute, National Research Council and Biology and Biotechnology Department 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
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Van Craenenbroeck EM, Frederix G, Pattyn N, Beckers P, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Gevaert A, Possemiers N, Cornelissen V, Goetschalckx K, Vrints CJ, Vanhees L, Hoymans VY. Effects of aerobic interval training and continuous training on cellular markers of endothelial integrity in coronary artery disease: a SAINTEX-CAD substudy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1876-82. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00341.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this large multicenter trial, we aimed to assess the effect of aerobic exercise training in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients on cellular markers of endothelial integrity and to examine their relation with improvement of endothelial function. Two-hundred CAD patients (left ventricular ejection fraction > 40%, 90% male, mean age 58.4 ± 9.1 yr) were randomized on a 1:1 base to a supervised 12-wk rehabilitation program of either aerobic interval training or aerobic continuous training on a bicycle. At baseline and after 12 wk, numbers of circulating CD34+/KDR+/CD45dim endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), CD31+/CD3+/CXCR4+ angiogenic T cells, and CD31+/CD42b− endothelial microparticles (EMPs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. After 12 wk of aerobic interval training or aerobic continuous training, numbers of circulating EPCs, angiogenic T cells, and EMPs were comparable with baseline levels. Whereas improvement in peak oxygen consumption was correlated to improvement in FMD (Pearson r = 0.17, P = 0.035), a direct correlation of baseline or posttraining EPCs, angiogenic T cells, and EMP levels with FMD was absent. Baseline EMPs related inversely to the magnitude of the increases in peak oxygen consumption (Spearman rho = −0.245, P = 0.027) and FMD (Spearman rho = −0.374, P = 0.001) following exercise training. In conclusion, endothelial function improvement in response to exercise training in patients with CAD did not relate to altered levels of EPCs and angiogenic T cells and/or a diminished shedding of EMPs into the circulation. EMP flow cytometry may be predictive of the increase in aerobic capacity and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Frederix
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nele Pattyn
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Paul Beckers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Andreas Gevaert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nadine Possemiers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Veronique Cornelissen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Kaatje Goetschalckx
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J. Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanhees
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y. Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Huang Z, Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye R, Xiong Y, Sun W, Li Y, Liu X. Reduced endothelial progenitor cells in extracranial arterial stenosis but not intracranial arterial stenosis. J Vasc Surg 2015; 62:1539-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2015.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Are Endothelial Progenitor Cells the Real Solution for Cardiovascular Diseases? Focus on Controversies and Perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:835934. [PMID: 26509164 PMCID: PMC4609774 DOI: 10.1155/2015/835934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advanced knowledge in the field of stem cell biology and their ability to provide a cue for counteracting several diseases are leading numerous researchers to focus their attention on “regenerative medicine” as possible solutions for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the lack of consistent evidence in this arena has hampered the clinical application. The same condition affects the research on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), creating more confusion than comprehension. In this review, this aspect is discussed with particular emphasis. In particular, we describe biology and physiology of EPCs, outline their clinical relevance as both new predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic CVD biomarkers and therapeutic agents, discuss advantages, disadvantages, and conflicting data about their use as possible solutions for vascular impairment and clinical applications, and finally underline a very crucial aspect of EPCs “characterization and definition,” which seems to be the real cause of large heterogeneity existing in literature data on this topic.
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Wang L, Du F, Zhang HM, Zhang WJ, Wang HX. Changes in circulating endothelial progenitor cells predict responses of multiple myeloma patients to treatment with bortezomib and dexamethasone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:736-42. [PMID: 26108099 PMCID: PMC4541694 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Four cycles of chemotherapy are required to assess responses of multiple myeloma (MM)
patients. We investigated whether circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs)
could be a biomarker for predicting patient response in the first cycle of
chemotherapy with bortezomib and dexamethasone, so patients might avoid ineffective
and costly treatments and reduce exposure to unwanted side effects. We measured cEPCs
and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in 46 MM patients in the first cycle of
treatment with bortezomib and dexamethasone, and investigated clinical relevance
based on patient response after four 21-day cycles. The mononuclear cell fraction was
analyzed for cEPC by FACS analysis, and SDF-1α was analyzed by ELISA. The study
population was divided into 3 groups according to the response to chemotherapy: good
responders (n=16), common responders (n=12), and non-responders (n=18). There were no
significant differences among these groups at baseline day 1 (P>0.05). cEPC levels
decreased slightly at day 21 (8.2±3.3 cEPCs/μL) vs day 1 (8.4±2.9
cEPCs/μL) in good responders (P>0.05). In contrast, cEPC levels increased
significantly in the other two groups (P<0.05). SDF-1α changes were closely
related to changes in cEPCs. These findings indicate that change in cEPCs at day 21
in the first cycle might be considered a noninvasive biomarker for predicting a later
response, and extent of change could help decide whether to continue this costly
chemotherapy. cEPCs and the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis are potential therapeutic targets for
improved response and outcomes in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Department of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - F Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H M Zhang
- Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Department of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - W J Zhang
- Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Department of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H X Wang
- Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Department of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lee HJ, Kim W, Kim WS, Woo JS, Kim YG, Moon JY, Lee SH, Ihm CG, Lee TW, Jeong KH. Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cell Levels Predict Cardiovascular Events in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Nephron Clin Pract 2015; 130:151-8. [PMID: 26089157 DOI: 10.1159/000430471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been identified as a surrogate biologic marker for vascular function and cumulative cardiovascular (CV) risk in the general population. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) have markedly decreased EPC counts and function. We hypothesized that the number of circulating EPCs predicts death from all causes and CV events in patients with ESRD on HD. METHODS We quantified the EPCs in blood samples from 70 patients with ESRD on HD. Circulating EPCs were counted by flow cytometry as the number of CD45(low)CD34(+)VEGFR2(+) cells. Death from all causes and CV events served as outcome variables over a median follow-up period of 20 months. RESULTS It has been postulated that the number of circulating EPCs at baseline ranged from 1 to 350 cells/200 μl, with a mean of ± standard deviation (SD) of 26.0 ± 48.2 cells/200 μl. The median, lowest and highest tertiles of EPC counts were 11.0, 9.0, and 17.0 cells/200 μl, respectively. Patients with the lowest tertile EPC counts had significantly higher rates of CV events, but mortality was similar between the two groups. After adjusting for these risk factors, HbA1c and the lowest tertile EPC count remained as independent predictors of CV events. A cutoff value of 9.5 cells/200 μl maximized the power of the EPC count to predict future CV events as determined by ROC curve analysis. CONCLUSIONS Reduced circulating EPC counts independently predicted CV events in 70 patients with ESRD on maintenance HD. Circulating EPCs may play a role in vascular repair, thereby affecting the clinical course of CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Joo Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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The inflammation, vascular repair and injury responses to exercise in fit males with and without Type 1 diabetes: an observational study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:71. [PMID: 26044827 PMCID: PMC4460651 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is associated with raised inflammation, impaired endothelial progenitor cell mobilisation and increased markers of vascular injury. Both acute and chronic exercise is known to influence these markers in non-diabetic controls, but limited data exists in Type 1 diabetes. We assessed inflammation, vascular repair and injury at rest and after exercise in physically-fit males with and without Type 1 diabetes. METHODS Ten well-controlled type 1 diabetes (27 ± 2 years; BMI 24 ± 0.7 kg.m(2); HbA1c 53.3 ± 2.4 mmol/mol) and nine non-diabetic control males (27 ± 1 years; BMI 23 ± 0.8 kg.m(2)) matched for age, BMI and fitness completed 45-min of running. Venous blood samples were collected 60-min before and 60-min after exercise, and again on the following morning. Blood samples were processed for TNF-α using ELISA, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs; CD45(dim)CD34(+)VEGFR2(+)) and endothelial cells (cECs; CD45(dim)CD133(-)CD34(+)CD144(+)) counts using flow-cytometry. RESULTS TNF-α concentrations were 4-fold higher at all-time points in Type 1 diabetes, when compared with control (P < 0.001). Resting cEPCs were similar between groups; after exercise there was a significant increase in controls (P = 0.016), but not in Type 1 diabetes (P = 0.202). CEPCs peaked the morning after exercise, with a greater change in controls vs. Type 1 diabetes (+139 % vs. 27 %; P = 0.01). CECs did not change with exercise and were similar between groups at all points (P > 0.05). Within the Type 1 diabetes group, the delta change in cEPCS from rest to the following morning was related to HbA1c (r = -0.65, P = 0.021) and TNF-α (r = -0.766, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Resting cEPCs and cECs in Type 1 diabetes patients with excellent HbA1c and high physical-fitness are comparable to healthy controls, despite eliciting 4-fold greater TNF-α. Furthermore, Type 1 diabetes patients appear to have a blunted post-exercise cEPCs response (vascular repair), whilst a biomarker of vascular injury (cECs) remained comparable to healthy controls.
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Zhang X, Huang Z, Xie Y, Chen X, Zhang J, Qiu Z, Ma N, Xu G, Liu X. Lower levels of plasma adiponectin and endothelial progenitor cells are associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke. Int J Neurosci 2015; 126:121-6. [PMID: 25469454 DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2014.994624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both adiponectin and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been proposed recently with anti-atherosclerosis effects. However, their impacts on vascular outcomes in patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adiponectin, EPCs and stroke with a case-control design. METHODS The study cohort included 127 patients (61.3 ± 11.0 years; 73.2% men) with LAA stroke and 58 control subjects (60.9 ± 9.2 years; 70.7% men) referred for adiponectin and EPCs levels testing. We collected demographic, clinical, angiographical features, and laboratory data. Influence of adiponectin and EPCs levels on cerebral atherosclerosis and LAA stroke was analyzed with regression models. RESULTS The levels of adiponectin and EPCs in atherosclerotic stroke patients were significantly lower compared with matched controls (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified that reduced levels of adiponectin and EPCs were closely correlated with cerebral atherosclerosis and LAA stroke. The associations remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and other confounders. Additionally, partial correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between adiponectin and three subpopulations of EPCs levels (CD34(+)CD133(+)CD309(+)cells: r = 0.510, p = 0.001; CD34(+) CD133(-)CD309(+)cells: r = 0.262, p = 0.004; CD34(-)CD133(+)CD309(+)cells: r = 0.348, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin is positively correlated with EPCs levels, and both of them are independently associated with LAA stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohao Zhang
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixin Huang
- c Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Xie
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangliang Chen
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongming Qiu
- b Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Ma
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gelin Xu
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,b Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- a Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,b Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Bruyndonckx L, Hoymans VY, De Guchtenaere A, Van Helvoirt M, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Frederix G, Lemmens K, Vissers DK, Vrints CJ, Ramet J, Conraads VM. Diet, exercise, and endothelial function in obese adolescents. Pediatrics 2015; 135:e653-61. [PMID: 25667241 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Endothelial dysfunction is the first, although reversible, sign of atherosclerosis and is present in obese adolescents. The primary end point of this study was to investigate the influence of a multicomponent treatment on microvascular function. Additional objectives and end points were a reduced BMI SD score, improvements in body composition, exercise capacity, and cardiovascular risk factors, an increase in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and a decrease in endothelial microparticles (EMPs). METHODS We used a quasi-randomized study with 2 cohorts of obese adolescents: an intervention group (n = 33; 15.4 ± 1.5 years, 24 girls and 9 boys) treated residentially with supervised diet and exercise and a usual care group (n = 28; 15.1 ± 1.2 years, 22 girls and 6 boys), treated ambulantly. Changes in body mass, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, microvascular endothelial function, and circulating EPCs and EMPs were evaluated after 5 months and at the end of the 10-month program. RESULTS Residential intervention decreased BMI and body fat percentage, whereas it increased exercise capacity (P < .001 after 5 and 10 months). Microvascular endothelial function also improved in the intervention group (P = .04 at 10 months; + 0.59 ± 0.20 compared with + 0.01 ± 0.12 arbitrary units). Furthermore, intervention produced a significant reduction in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = .012 at 10 months). EPCs were increased after 5 months (P = .01), and EMPs decreased after 10 months (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS A treatment regimen consisting of supervised diet and exercise training was effective in improving multiple adolescent obesity-related end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Bruyndonckx
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology and Departments of Pediatrics and Cardiovascular Diseases and Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, and
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases and
| | | | | | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Katrien Lemmens
- Pharmacology Research Groups, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research
| | - Dirk K Vissers
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; and
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - José Ramet
- Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, and
| | - Viviane M Conraads
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology and Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Prisco AR, Prisco MR, Carlson BE, Greene AS. TNF-α increases endothelial progenitor cell adhesion to the endothelium by increasing bond expression and affinity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 308:H1368-81. [PMID: 25539711 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00496.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a rare population of cells that participate in angiogenesis. To effectively use EPCs for regenerative therapy, the mechanisms by which they participate in tissue repair must be elucidated. This study focused on the process by which activated EPCs bind to a target tissue. It has been demonstrated that EPCs can bind to endothelial cells (ECs) through the tumore necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-regulated vascular cell adhesion molecule 1/very-late antigen 4 (VLA4) interaction. VLA4 can bind in a high or low affinity state, a process that is difficult to experimentally isolate from bond expression upregulation. To separate these processes, a new parallel plate flow chamber was built, a detachment assay was developed, and a mathematical model was created that was designed to analyze the detachment assay results. The mathematical model was developed to predict the relative expression of EPC/EC bonds made for a given bond affinity distribution. EPCs treated with TNF-α/vehicle were allowed to bind to TNF-α/vehicle-treated ECs in vitro. Bound cells were subjected to laminar flow, and the cellular adherence was quantified as a function of shear stress. Experimental data were fit to the mathematical model using changes in bond expression or affinity as the only free parameter. It was found that TNF-α treatment of ECs increased adhesion through bond upregulation, whereas TNF-α treatment of EPCs increased adhesion by increasing bond affinity. These data suggest that injured tissue could potentially increase recruitment of EPCs for tissue regeneration via the secretion of TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Prisco
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael R Prisco
- Exponent Engineering and Scientific Consulting, Biomedical Engineering Practice, Warrenville, Illinois; and
| | - Brian E Carlson
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew S Greene
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin;
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Manzoni M, Comolli G, Torchio M, Mazzini G, Danova M. Circulating endothelial cells and their subpopulations: role as predictive biomarkers in antiangiogenic therapy for colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2014; 14:11-7. [PMID: 25591800 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several anticancer therapies have been developed to block angiogenesis, a key mechanism in tumor growth and metastasis. The predominantly cytostatic action of these compounds makes an assessment of their clinical activities inadequate if based only on the reduction of the tumor dimensions, as this may not reflect their true biologic efficacy. Thus, it is crucial to identify biomarkers that permit the recognition of potentially responsive subjects and to spare toxicity in those who are unlikely to benefit from treatment. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) have been recently indicated as potential surrogate biomarkers of angiogenesis in several types of cancer. The possibility of rapidly quantifying these cells represents a promising tool for monitoring the clinical outcome of tumors with the potential to assess response to various treatments. However, the identification and quantification of CECs is technically difficult and not well standardized. A variety of methods to detect CECs in patients with solid tumors have been used; these are based on different technical approaches, combinations of surface markers, sample handling, and staining protocols. With an expanding interest in the field of potential clinical applications for CECs in oncology, the development of standardized protocols for analysis is mandatory. The aim of this review was to critically summarize the available data concerning the clinical value of CECs and their subpopulations as biomarkers of antiangiogenic therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Manzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedale Maggiore", Crema, Italy.
| | - Giuditta Comolli
- Laboratories of Biotechnology and Virology/Microbiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Torchio
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Mazzini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Ospedale di Vigevano, Vigevano, Italy
| | - Marco Danova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
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Bruyndonckx L, Hoymans VY, Frederix G, De Guchtenaere A, Franckx H, Vissers DK, Vrints CJ, Ramet J, Conraads VM. Endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial microparticles are independent predictors of endothelial function. J Pediatr 2014; 165:300-5. [PMID: 24840759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the degree of microvascular endothelial dysfunction in relation to classical cardiovascular risk factors, arterial stiffness, and numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial microparticles (EMPs), in obese and normal-weight children. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study with 57 obese (15.2±1.4 years) and 30 normal-weight children (15.4±1.5 years). The principal outcome was microvascular endothelial function measured with peripheral arterial tonometry. Fasting blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis and EMPs (CD31+/CD42b- particles) and EPCs (CD34+/KDR+/CD45dim/- cells) flow cytometry. Characteristics between groups were compared by use of the appropriate independent samples test; a stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of microvascular endothelial function. RESULTS Microvascular endothelial function was significantly impaired in obese children and inversely correlated with body mass index Z scores (r=-0.249; P=.021) and systolic blood pressure (r=-0.307; P=.004). The number of EPCs was significantly lower in obese children and correlated with endothelial function (r=0.250; P=.022), and the number of EMPs was significantly greater in obese children and correlated inversely with endothelial function (r=-0.255; P=.021). Multivariate analysis revealed that systolic blood pressure and numbers of circulating EPCs and EMPs are important determinants of endothelial function. CONCLUSION Obese children demonstrate impaired endothelial microvascular function, increased arterial stiffness, fewer EPCs, and more EMPs. Besides systolic blood pressure, EPC and EMP counts independently predict the presence of microvascular endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Bruyndonckx
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Frederix
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | - Dirk K Vissers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - José Ramet
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viviane M Conraads
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Van Craenenbroeck AH, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Kouidi E, Vrints CJ, Couttenye MM, Conraads VM. Vascular effects of exercise training in CKD: current evidence and pathophysiological mechanisms. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 9:1305-18. [PMID: 24832091 PMCID: PMC4078973 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.13031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD, an observation that cannot be explained by the coexistence of traditional risk factors alone. Recently, other mechanisms, such as alterations in nitric oxide bioavailability, impaired endothelial repair mechanisms, inflammation, and oxidative stress (all characteristic in CKD), have gained much attention as mediators for the increased cardiovascular risk. Regular physical training is a valuable nonpharmacological intervention for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Likewise, the benefits of exercise training on exercise capacity and quality of life are increasingly recognized in patients with CKD. Furthermore, exercise training could also influence potential reversible mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis. After discussing briefly the general concepts of vascular disease in CKD, this review provides an overview of the current evidence for the effects of exercise training at both clinical and preclinical levels. It concludes with some practical considerations on exercise training in this specific patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck
- Departments of Nephrology and Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium; and
| | - Emeline M Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium; and Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium; and Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Viviane M Conraads
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium; and Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Reduction of maternal circulating endothelial progenitor cells in human pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2014; 35:431-6. [PMID: 24819155 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play a crucial role during pregnancy by sustaining adequate placentation and fetal growth. Unambiguous demonstration of EPC increase during pregnancy has been hampered so far by lack of standardized methods for EPC quantification. In this study we used the currently most accepted phenotype for EPC detection for investigating whether maternal circulating EPCs might increase during normal pregnancy and whether they may fail to increase in pregnancy complicated by idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity characterized by insufficient placental perfusion. METHODS Twenty-one non-pregnant women, 44 women during healthy pregnancy progression (9, 13 and 22 women in the first, second and third trimester, respectively) and 11 with pregnancy complicated by idiopathic IUGR were recruited in a cross-sectional study. EPCs in maternal blood were identified as CD45(dim)/CD34+ / KDR+ cells by flow cytometry. Plasmatic cytokines were measured by ELISA. RESULTS We observed a significant and progressive increase of EPCs in normal pregnancy, yet detectable in early pregnancy but even more pronounced in the third trimester. The increase of EPCs was impaired in IUGR-complicated pregnancies at comparable gestational age. The circulating levels of placental growth-factor and stromal-derived-factor-1 were significantly lower in IUGR than normal pregnancies, possibly contributing to EPC impairment. CONCLUSIONS EPC count in maternal circulation may have a great potential as a novel biomarker for pregnancy monitoring and may represent the target of novel therapeutic strategies designed to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes often occurring in IUGR.
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The endothelium, a protagonist in the pathophysiology of critical illness: focus on cellular markers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:985813. [PMID: 24800259 PMCID: PMC3988750 DOI: 10.1155/2014/985813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The endotheliumis key in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases as a result of its precarious function in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. Therefore, its clinical evaluation providing diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as its role as a therapeutic target, is the focus of intense research in patientswith severe illnesses. In the critically ill with sepsis and acute brain injury, the endothelium has a cardinal function in the development of organ failure and secondary ischemia, respectively. Cellular markers of endothelial function such as endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and endothelialmicroparticles (EMP) are gaining interest as biomarkers due to their accessibility, although the lack of standardization of EPC and EMP detection remains a drawback for their routine clinical use. In this paper we will review data available on EPC, as a general marker of endothelial repair, and EMP as an equivalent of damage in critical illnesses, in particular sepsis and acute brain injury. Their determination has resulted in new insights into endothelial dysfunction in the critically ill. It remains speculative whether their determination might guide therapy in these devastating acute disorders in the near future.
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