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Banfi C, Gugliandolo P, Paolillo S, Mallia A, Gianazza E, Agostoni P. The alveolar-capillary unit in the physiopathological conditions of heart failure: identification of a potential marker. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:ii2-ii8. [PMID: 37819226 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the structure and function of the alveolar-capillary membrane and the identification of a novel potential marker of its integrity in the context of heart failure (HF). The alveolar-capillary membrane is indeed a crucial structure for the maintenance of the lung parenchyma gas exchange capacity, and the occurrence of pathological conditions determining lung fluids accumulation, such as HF, might significantly impair lung diffusion capacity altering the alveolar-capillary membrane protective functions. In the years, we found that the presence of immature forms of the surfactant protein-type B (proSP-B) in the circulation reflects alterations in the alveolar-capillary membrane integrity. We discussed our main achievements showing that proSP-B, due to its chemical properties, specifically binds to high-density lipoprotein, impairing their antioxidant activity, and likely contributing to the progression of the disease. Further, we found that immature proSP-B, not the mature protein, is related to lung abnormalities, more precisely than the lung function parameters. Thus, to the list of the potential proposed markers of HF, we add proSP-B, which represents a precise marker of alveolar-capillary membrane dysfunction in HF, correlates with prognosis, and represents a precocious marker of drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Alice Mallia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Network Analysis, IRCCS, via Parea, 4, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan 20138, Italy
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
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Santos-Gallego CG, Requena-Ibáñez JA, Badimón JJ. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a new marker in heart failure. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 75:855-857. [PMID: 35787950 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Santos-Gallego
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Cardiology Department, Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
| | - Juan Antonio Requena-Ibáñez
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Cardiology Department, Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Juan José Badimón
- Atherothrombosis Research Unit, Cardiology Department, Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
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3
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HDL: un nuevo biomarcador para la insuficiencia cardiaca. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Frey K, von Eckardstein A. HDL, heart disease, and the lung. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100217. [PMID: 35487261 PMCID: PMC9131245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Frey
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 ZURICH , Switzerland
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Raemistrasse 100, CH 8091 ZURICH , Switzerland,.
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Shao B, Snell-Bergeon JK, Pyle LL, Thomas KE, de Boer IH, Kothari V, Segrest J, Davidson WS, Bornfeldt KE, Heinecke JW. Pulmonary surfactant protein B carried by HDL predicts incident CVD in patients with type 1 diabetes. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100196. [PMID: 35300983 PMCID: PMC9010748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic CVD is the major cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Alterations in the HDL proteome have been shown to associate with prevalent CVD in T1DM. We therefore sought to determine which proteins carried by HDL might predict incident CVD in patients with T1DM. Using targeted MS/MS, we quantified 50 proteins in HDL from 181 T1DM subjects enrolled in the prospective Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study. We used Cox proportional regression analysis and a case-cohort design to test associations of HDL proteins with incident CVD (myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, angioplasty, or death from coronary heart disease). We found that only one HDL protein-SFTPB (pulmonary surfactant protein B)-predicted incident CVD in all the models tested. In a fully adjusted model that controlled for lipids and other risk factors, the hazard ratio was 2.17 per SD increase of SFTPB (95% confidence interval, 1.12-4.21, P = 0.022). In addition, plasma fractionation demonstrated that SFTPB is nearly entirely bound to HDL. Although previous studies have shown that high plasma levels of SFTPB associate with prevalent atherosclerosis only in smokers, we found that SFTPB predicted incident CVD in T1DM independently of smoking status and a wide range of confounding factors, including HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels. Because SFTPB is almost entirely bound to plasma HDL, our observations support the proposal that SFTPB carried by HDL is a marker-and perhaps mediator-of CVD risk in patients with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohai Shao
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Laura L Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katie E Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vishal Kothari
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jere Segrest
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William S Davidson
- Center for Lipid and Arteriosclerosis Science, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Jay W Heinecke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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First Recombinant High-Density Lipoprotein Particles Administration in a Severe ICU COVID-19 Patient, a Multi-Omics Exploratory Investigation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040754. [PMID: 35453504 PMCID: PMC9029957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) have multiple endothelioprotective properties. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is markedly reduced, and studies have described severe impairment of the functionality of HDL particles. Here, we report a multi-omic investigation of the first administration of recombinant HDL (rHDL) particles in a severe COVID-19 patient in an intensive care unit. Plasma ApoA1 increased and HDL-C decreased after each recombinant HDL injection, suggesting that these particles were functional in terms of reverse cholesterol transport. The proportion of large HDL particles also increased after injection of recombinant HDL. Shotgun proteomics performed on HDLs isolated by ultracentrifugation indicated that ApoA1 was more abundant after injections whereas most of the pro-inflammatory proteins identified were less abundant. Assessment of Serum amyloid A-1, inflammatory markers, and cytokines showed a significant decrease for most of them during recombinant HDL infusion. Our results suggest that recombinant HDL infusion is feasible and a potential therapeutic strategy to be explored in COVID-19 patients.
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Immature Circulating SP-B, Bound to HDL, Represents an Early Sign of Smoke-Induced Pathophysiological Alterations. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040551. [PMID: 33918772 PMCID: PMC8069080 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The underlying mechanisms, however, are not clearly understood. Lungs are the primary route of exposure to smoke, with pulmonary cells and surfactant being the first structures directly exposed, resulting in the leakage of the immature proteoform of surfactant protein B (proSP-B). Herein, we evaluated whether proSP-B joined the cargo of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) proteins in healthy young subjects (n = 106) without any CVD risk factor other than smoking, and if HDL-associated proSP-B (HDL-SPB) correlated with pulmonary function parameters, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress. At univariable analysis, HDL-SPB resulted significantly higher in smokers (2.2-fold, p < 0.001) than in non-smokers. No significant differences have been detected between smokers and non-smokers for inflammation, oxidation variables, and alveolar-capillary diffusion markers. In a multivariable model, HDL-SPB was independently associated with smoking. In conclusion, HDL-SPB is not only a precocious and sensitive index of the acute effects of smoke, but it might be also a potential causal factor in the onset of the vascular damage induced by modified HDL. These findings contribute to the emerging concept that the quality of the HDL proteome, rather than the quantity of particles, plays a central role in CVD risk protection.
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Altered high-density lipoprotein composition and functions during severe COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2291. [PMID: 33504824 PMCID: PMC7841145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting millions of patients worldwide. The consequences of initial exposure to SARS-CoV-2 go beyond pulmonary damage, with a particular impact on lipid metabolism. Decreased levels in HDL-C were reported in COVID-19 patients. Since HDL particles display antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential anti-infectious properties, we aimed at characterizing HDL proteome and functionality during COVID-19 relative to healthy subjects. HDLs were isolated from plasma of 8 severe COVID-19 patients sampled at admission to intensive care unit (Day 1, D1) at D3 and D7, and from 16 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects. Proteomic analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS. The relative amounts of proteins identified in HDLs were compared between COVID-19 and controls. apolipoprotein A-I and paraoxonase 1 were confirmed by Western-blot analysis to be less abundant in COVID-19 versus controls, whereas serum amyloid A and alpha-1 antitrypsin were higher. HDLs from patients were less protective in endothelial cells stiumalted by TNFα (permeability, VE-cadherin disorganization and apoptosis). In these conditions, HDL inhibition of apoptosis was blunted in COVID-19 relative to controls. In conclusion, we show major changes in HDL proteome and decreased functionality in severe COVID-19 patients.
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Brioschi M, Gianazza E, Agostoni P, Zoanni B, Mallia A, Banfi C. Multiplexed MRM-Based Proteomics Identified Multiple Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Human Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020838. [PMID: 33467687 PMCID: PMC7830442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease due to the intricate interplay of several mechanisms, which therefore implies the need for a multimarker strategy to better personalize the care of patients with HF. In this study, we developed a targeted mass spectrometry approach based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to measure multiple circulating protein biomarkers, involved in cardiovascular disease, to address their relevance in the human HF, intending to assess the feasibility of the workflow in the disease monitoring and risk stratification. In this study, we analyzed a total of 60 plasma proteins in 30 plasma samples from eight control subjects and 22 age- and gender- matched HF patients. We identified a panel of four plasma proteins, namely Neuropilin-2, Beta 2 microglobulin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and complement component C9, that were more abundant in HF patients in relation to disease severity and pulmonary dysfunction. Moreover, we showed the ability of the combination of these candidate proteins to discriminate, with sufficient accuracy, HF patients from healthy subjects. In conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility and potential of a proteomic workflow based on MRM mass spectrometry for the evaluation of multiple proteins in human plasma and the identification of a panel of biomarkers of HF severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Brioschi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Sezione Cardiovascolare, Università di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Zoanni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Alice Mallia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milano, Italy; (M.B.); (E.G.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0258002403; Fax: +39-0258002623
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