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Peirovi-Minaee R, Taghavi M, Harimi M, Zarei A. Trace elements in commercially available infant formulas in Iran: Determination and estimation of health risks. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114588. [PMID: 38467297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Infants are significantly more vulnerable to trace elements from their foods. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the concentrations of some trace elements namely; arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel and lead in infant formulas sold in Iran and to estimate the potential health risks to the infants through consumption of these products. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb in infant formula samples were 0.006, 0.040, 0.3980, 2.014, 0.166 and 0.285 mg/kg, respectively. The mean levels of the trace elements were in the following order: Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cd > As. For arsenic, cadmium and copper, calculated EWIs (estimated weekly intakes) were within the PTWIs (provisional tolerated weekly intakes) recommended by FAO/WHO. For chromium, nickel and lead, the calculated EWIs were higher than the PTWIs in 88.8 %, 75 %, and 61.1 % of the formulas. HQs of Pb, Cu, Cd and As were above the safe limits, indicating health concerns from the consumption of some infant formulas. Based on the CR classification, CR values of some elements including Cd, Cr and Ni were above 1 × 10-4 in some brands, indicating that exposure to these elements from infant formulas may cause health risks. Therefore, regular monitoring of all the raw materials, stages of production and storage of infant formulas is essential to limit the exposure of this vulnerable age group to toxic trace elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Peirovi-Minaee
- Department of Environment Health Engineering, School of Health, Social Determinates of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Taghavi
- Department of Environment Health Engineering, School of Health, Social Determinates of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Harimi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zarei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
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Rostami M, Jahed-Khaniki G, Molaee-Aghaee E, Shariatifar N, Sani MA, Azami M, Rezvantalab S, Ramezani S, Ghorbani M. Polycaprolactone/polyacrylic acid/graphene oxide composite nanofibers as a highly efficient sorbent to remove lead toxic metal from drinking water and apple juice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4372. [PMID: 38388664 PMCID: PMC10884409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the characteristics of electrospun nanofibers (NFs), they are considered a suitable substrate for the adsorption and removal of heavy metals. Electrospun nanofibers are prepared based on optimized polycaprolactone (PCL, 12 wt%) and polyacrylic acid (PAA, 1 wt%) polymers loaded with graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO NPs, 1 wt%). The morphological, molecular interactions, crystallinity, thermal, hydrophobicity, and biocompatibility properties of NFs are characterized by spectroscopy (scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis), contact angle, and MTT tests. Finally, the adsorption efficacy of NFs to remove lead (Pb2+) from water and apple juice samples was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The average diameter for PCL, PCL/PAA, and PCL/PAA/GO NFs was 137, 500, and 216 nm, respectively. Additionally, the contact angle for PCL, PCL/PAA, and PCL/PAA/GO NFs was obtained at 74.32º, 91.98º, and 94.59º, respectively. The cytotoxicity test has shown non-toxicity for fabricated NFs against the HUVEC endothelial cell line by more than 80% survival during 72 h. Under optimum conditions including pH (= 6), temperature (25 °C), Pb concentration (25 to 50 mg/L), and time (15 to 30 min), the adsorption efficiency was generally between 80 and 97%. The adsorption isotherm model of PCL/PAA/GO NFs in the adsorption of lead metal follows the Langmuir model, and the reaction kinetics follow the pseudo-second-order. PCL/PA/GO NFs have shown adsorption of over 80% in four consecutive cycles. The adsorption efficacy of NFs to remove Pb in apple juice has reached 76%. It is appropriate and useful to use these nanofibers as a high-efficiency adsorbent in water and food systems based on an analysis of their adsorption properties and how well they work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Rostami
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Science and Nutrition Group (FSAN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed-Khaniki
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Molaee-Aghaee
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Food Science and Nutrition Group (FSAN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh Sani
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Rezvantalab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, 57166-419, Urmia, Iran
| | - Soghra Ramezani
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, 5716693188, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Kamgar E, Kaykhaii M, Zembrzuska J. A Comprehensive Review on Shilajit: What We Know about Its Chemical Composition. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38133965 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2293963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Shilajit, a natural material known for thousands of years, is primarily famous because it was the main constituent used for the mummification of bodies by dynastic Egyptians. However, for millennia, it has also been an important drug and supplement in traditional and modern medicine. A full search of Shilajit in the literature, reveals that its chemical composition is not known with certainty. That's due to the fact that surprisingly, no comprehensive chemical analysis has ever been performed to find all the chemicals and species present in it. Moreover, its source is not known; some believe that it is formed from dead plant residues or animal excrements, and some others believe it is a mineral secreted from rocks gradually. In this review article, it is tried to gather chemical property information available regarding this soft, mysterious black material to clarify what it is composed of and what formulation commercial supplements and drugs based on Shilajit may have. While there are many differences in the chemical compositions of Shilajit from various regions, it has been discovered that more than 80% of weight of Shilajit is mainly composed of humic substances and almost 20% of its weight consists of calcium, potassium, and magnesium. It also contains amino acids (mainly glycine) and proteins, fatty acids, bioactive compounds such as caffeic acid and gallic acid, and heavy metals including chromium, selenium, and cobalt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Kamgar
- Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
| | - Massoud Kaykhaii
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Joanna Zembrzuska
- Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
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Jalil S, Nazir MM, Ali Q, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Altaf MA, Zaid A, Nafees M, Yong JWH, Jin X. Zinc and nano zinc mediated alleviation of heavy metals and metalloids in plants: an overview. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:870-888. [PMID: 37598713 DOI: 10.1071/fp23021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and metalloids (HMs) contamination in the environment has heightened recently due to increasing global concern for food safety and human livability. Zinc (Zn2+ ) is an important nutrient required for the normal development of plants. It is an essential cofactor for the vital enzymes involved in various biological mechanisms of plants. Interestingly, Zn2+ has an additional role in the detoxification of HMs in plants due to its unique biochemical-mediating role in several soil and plant processes. During any exposure to high levels of HMs, the application of Zn2+ would confer greater plant resilience by decreasing oxidative stress, maintaining uptake of nutrients, photosynthesis productivity and optimising osmolytes concentration. Zn2+ also has an important role in ameliorating HMs toxicity by regulating metal uptake through the expression of certain metal transporter genes, targeted chelation and translocation from roots to shoots. This review examined the vital roles of Zn2+ and nano Zn in plants and described their involvement in alleviating HMs toxicity in plants. Moving forward, a broad understanding of uptake, transport, signalling and tolerance mechanisms of Zn2+ /zinc and its nanoparticles in alleviating HMs toxicity of plants will be the first step towards a wider incorporation of Zn2+ into agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Jalil
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | | | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Punjab University, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Abbu Zaid
- Department of Botany, Government Gandhi Memorial Science College, Jammu, India
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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El Youssfi M, Sifou A, Ben Aakame R, Mahnine N, Arsalane S, Halim M, Laghzizil A, Zinedine A. Trace elements in Foodstuffs from the Mediterranean Basin-Occurrence, Risk Assessment, Regulations, and Prevention strategies: A review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2597-2626. [PMID: 35754061 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Trace elements (TEs) are chemical compounds that naturally occur in the earth's crust and in living organisms at low concentrations. Anthropogenic activities can significantly increase the level of TEs in the environment and finally enter the food chain. Toxic TEs like cadmium, lead, arsenic, and mercury have no positive role in a biological system and can cause harmful effects on human health. Ingestion of contaminated food is a typical route of TEs intake by humans. Recent data about the occurrence of TEs in food available in the Mediterranean countries are considered in this review. Analytical methods are also discussed. Furthermore, a discussion of existing international agency regulations will be given. The risk associated with the dietary intake of TEs was estimated by considering consumer exposure and threshold values such as Benchmark dose lower confidence limit and provisional tolerable weekly intake established by the European Food Safety Authority and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, respectively. Finally, several remediation approaches to minimize TE contamination in foodstuffs were discussed including chemical, biological, biotechnological, and nanotechnological methods. The results of this study proved the occurrence of TEs contamination at high levels in vegetables and fish from some Mediterranean countries. Lead and cadmium are more abundant in foodstuffs than other toxic trace elements. Geographical variations in TE contamination of food crops clearly appear, with a greater risk in developing countries. There is still a need for the regular monitoring of these toxic element levels in food items to ensure consumer protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad El Youssfi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta BP.1014 Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Environment, Center of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP.1014, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aicha Sifou
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Environment, Center of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP.1014, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Ben Aakame
- Laboratory of Food Toxicology, National Institute of Hygiene (INH), BP 769 Agdal, 27, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naima Mahnine
- Laboratory of Food Toxicology, National Institute of Hygiene (INH), BP 769 Agdal, 27, Avenue Ibn Batouta, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Said Arsalane
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Environment, Center of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP.1014, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Halim
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Environment, Center of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP.1014, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Laghzizil
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, Avenue Ibn Battouta BP.1014 Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Zinedine
- BIOMARE Laboratory, Chouaib Doukkali University, Faculty of Sciences, Route Ben Maachou, PO Box 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.
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Bláhová L, Janoš T, Mustieles V, Rodríguez-Carrillo A, Fernández MF, Bláha L. Rapid extraction and analysis of oxidative stress and DNA damage biomarker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine: Application to a study with pregnant women. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 250:114175. [PMID: 37105016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important toxicity and genotoxicity mechanism of many chronic adverse health outcomes. This study developed a sensitive extraction method for urine matrix (based on lyophilization, without the need for pre-cleaning by solid phase extraction), coupled to LC-MS/MS analysis of the biomarker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The methodology was validated in urine samples from a cohort of Spanish pregnant women collected during the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, and urine samples collected within 24 h after delivery (n = 85). A detection and quantification limit of 0.01 and 0.05 μg/L, respectively, were established. The median 8-OHdG concentration was 2.18 μg/L (range 0.33-7.79); and the corresponding creatinine-adjusted concentrations ranged from 1.04 to 13.12 with median of 4.48 μg 8-OHdG/g creatinine. The concentrations of non-adjusted 8-OHdG significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the 3rd trimester and post-delivery urine samples when compared to the 1st trimester levels. 8-OHdG concentrations were further studied in placenta samples matching the same urine samples (n = 26), with a median value of 1.3 ng 8-OHdG/g of tissue. Placental 8-OHdG concentrations were correlated with urinary levels of non-adjusted 8-OHdG in the 3rd trimester. Considering the small cohort size, results must be interpreted with caution, however statistical analyses revealed elevated urinary non-adjusted 8-OHdG levels in the 1st trimester of mothers that delivered boys compared to those who delivered girls (p < 0.01). Increased urinary non-adjusted 8-OHdG concentrations at the time of delivery were significantly associated with clinical records (any type of clinical record during pregnancy; p < 0.05). The novel extraction and analytical method for the assessment of 8-OHdG is applicable for sensitive analysis of multiple analytes or biomarkers in urine matrix. This method could also be applied for other matrices such as blood or tissues. Our findings show that 8-OHdG in urine of pregnant women could predict oxidative stress in placenta and can be related to characteristics such as maternal obesity, mode of delivery and newborn sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bláhová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Janoš
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Center for Biomedical Research & School of Medicine, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-Carrillo
- Center for Biomedical Research & School of Medicine, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Center for Biomedical Research & School of Medicine, University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Luděk Bláha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Nguyen HD. Effects of mixed heavy metals on kidney function in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Menopause 2023; 30:296-305. [PMID: 36728565 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationships between heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and mercury) and their mixtures and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS Using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2017), multivariate linear regression models, marginal effects, and weighted quantile sum regression, we assessed the associations between single heavy metals and their mixtures and eGFR among 5,372 women. RESULTS Risks of reduced eGFR, comorbidities, and heavy metal exposure were found to be higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. A negative association of cadmium ( β = -2.97; 95% CI, -5.10 to -0.85) and a positive association of mercury ( β = 2.97; 95% CI, 1.49 to 4.44), with eGFR in postmenopausal women. Inverse associations of lead with eGFR in both premenopausal women ( β = -4.75; 95% CI, -6.04 to -3.46) and postmenopausal women ( β = -4.54; 95% CI, -6.96 to -2.13). Interactions were identified between lead and mercury, as well as cadmium and lead for eGFR among premenopausal women ( β = -2.04; 95% CI, -2.98 to -1.10) and postmenopausal women ( β = -3.52; 95% CI, -6.04 to -1.01), respectively. There was a negative association between mixed heavy metals and eGFR in both premenopausal women ( β = -2.23; 95% CI, -3.51 to -0.96) and postmenopausal women ( β = -3.86; 95% CI, -6.89 to -0.83). Lead was found as a key chemical related to reduced eGFR. Cutoff values for each heavy metal concentration related to eGFR were provided. CONCLUSION Postmenopausal women were more influenced by mixed heavy metals' effects on kidney function than premenopausal women. Early interventions (eg, water filtering, heavy metal yearly screening) in women, especially postmenopausal women, are needed to reduce the incidence of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- From the Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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Pavlovich-Cristopulos G, Schiavo B, Romero FM, Hernández-Mendiola E, Angulo-Molina A, Meza-Figueroa D. Oral bioaccessibility of metal(oid)s in commercial zeolite used as a dietary supplement: Implications to human health risk. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jammoul K, Lee H, Kim J, Yoon M, Sivarajah U. Antecedents and Moderators of Promotion Messages for Trust in Mobile Banking Services: An Elaboration Likelihood Model Perspective. INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10580530.2022.2086327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Habin Lee
- Business School, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Jisun Kim
- University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Moongil Yoon
- Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si, South Korea
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Al-Saleh I. Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals Through Breast Milk Consumption in Saudi Arabia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4535-4545. [PMID: 33544311 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02607-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We previously measured the levels of inorganic mercury, methylmercury, lead, cadmium, and manganese in the breast milk of 203 healthy Saudi mothers who participated in a cross-sectional study between 2011 and 2013. The current study aimed to (1) calculate reference values (RVs) for these metals in breast milk based on the 95th percentile of the metal and the corresponding 95% confidence interval following the approach of the German Human Biomonitoring Commission, and (2) assess the health risk associated with these metals (except lead) by determining the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) for breastfed infants. The risk characterization for the lead was applied using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach. Moreover, the cancer risk (CR) associated with lead was calculated. The RV95s (percentage of samples for which the value was higher than the set value) for inorganic mercury, methylmercury, total mercury, cadmium, lead, and manganese in breast milk (μg/L) were 1.5 (7.9%), 1.5 (5.4%), 2.8 (8.9%), 2.5 (8.4%), 53 (11.3%), and 22.3 (11.8%) μg/L, respectively. The methylmercury, lead, and manganese levels in the present study were higher than those reported previously. The HQ for methylmercury greater than 1 was found in 68.5% of the samples, indicating there may be a potential non-carcinogenic health risk of infant exposure to the toxic metal via breast milk consumption. Despite the high cadmium and manganese levels in breast milk, our results suggested no health risk (HQ < 1). The HI representing the combined non-carcinogenic health risk of four metals was > 1, with methylmercury (74%) being the major contributor. The estimated MOE mean value of 0.134, less than 1, indicates that our breastfed infants may be at increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments. The CR for lead in two infants was higher than the acceptable level of 1 × 10-4. Although our results may suggest potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of infant exposure to toxic metals through breast milk consumption, the benefits of breastfeeding are well recognized and outweigh the potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box: 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Hussain T, Murtaza G, Wang X, Zia MH, Aziz H, Ali S, Murtaza B, Fiaz S. Bioassimilation of lead and zinc in rabbits fed on spinach grown on contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112638. [PMID: 34419642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of heavy metals in the environment can pose a potential risk to living organisms. Ingestion of leafy vegetables, containing heavy metals, is one of the main routes through which these elements enter the human body. The present study was conducted to assess the accumulation of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in spinach grown on metal contaminated soil, and to examine the bioassimilation of these metals in spinach-fed rabbits. Spinach grown in the fields spiked with Pb (1000 mg kg-1 soil) and Zn (150 mg kg-1 soil), was fed to the rabbits for 14 days. Concentrations of Pb and Zn in the leaves of spinach were 39.1 and 113 mg kg-1, respectively. For the assessment of Pb and Zn concentration, blood samples were collected after 24 h, 7 days and 14 days of feeding, while the essential organs, i.e. liver and kidneys of rabbits were collected at the end of feeding trials. Concentrations (mg L-1) of Pb (3.28) and Zn (7.10) increased in blood after 24 h compared to control treatment and then decreased (Pb 1.12; Zn 3.32) to a steady state with the passage of time after 7 days. A significant increase in the concentrations of Pb (1.20%, 3.95% and 5.58%) and Zn (10.7%, 6.89% and 18.4%) as compared to control treatment was also found in liver, kidney and bones of the rabbits, respectively, which was further confirmed by multivariate analysis. The highest significant values of correlation coefficient (r) were observed for blood and bones, i.e. 0.992 followed by blood and liver, i.e. 0.989. The bioassimilation of Pb in the body of rabbits was in the order of bone > kidney > liver > blood, while for Zn the order was bone > liver > kidney > blood. The bioassimilation of Pb and Zn in the blood, essential organs and bones depicted the serious health risks associated by consuming the metal contaminated vegetable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajammal Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, Shaanxi, China.
| | | | - Humera Aziz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Behzad Murtaza
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSAT University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, 22620 Pakistan
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Aung MT, Yu Y, Ferguson KK, Cantonwine DE, Zeng L, McElrath TF, Pennathur S, Mukherjee B, Meeker JD. Cross-Sectional Estimation of Endogenous Biomarker Associations with Prenatal Phenols, Phthalates, Metals, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Single-Pollutant and Mixtures Analysis Approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:37007. [PMID: 33761273 PMCID: PMC7990518 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans are exposed to mixtures of toxicants that can impact several biological pathways. We investigated the associations between multiple classes of toxicants and an extensive panel of biomarkers indicative of lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 173 participants (median 26 wk gestation) from the LIFECODES birth cohort. We measured exposure analytes of multiple toxicant classes [metals, phthalates, phenols, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)] in urine samples. We also measured endogenous biomarkers (eicosanoids, cytokines, angiogenic markers, and oxidative stress markers) in either plasma or urine. We estimated pair-wise associations between exposure analytes and endogenous biomarkers using multiple linear regression after adjusting for covariates. We used adaptive elastic net regression, hierarchical Bayesian kernel machine regression, and sparse-group LASSO regression to evaluate toxicant mixtures associated with individual endogenous biomarkers. RESULTS After false-discovery adjustment (q<0.2), single-pollutant models yielded 19 endogenous biomarker signals associated with phthalates, 13 with phenols, 17 with PAHs, and 18 with trace metals. Notably, adaptive elastic net revealed that phthalate metabolites were selected for several positive signals with the cyclooxygenase (n=7), cytochrome p450 (n=7), and lipoxygenase (n=8) pathways. Conversely, the toxicant classes that exhibited the greatest number of negative signals overall in adaptive elastic net were phenols (n=20) and metals (n=21). DISCUSSION This study characterizes cross-sectional endogenous biomarker signatures associated with individual and mixtures of prenatal toxicant exposures. These results can help inform the prioritization of specific pairs or clusters of endogenous biomarkers and exposure analytes for investigating health outcomes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max T. Aung
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan (U-M) School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Youfei Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan (U-M) School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David E. Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lixia Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, U-M, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Department of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, U-M, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, U-M, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, U-M, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan (U-M) School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, U-M School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, U-M School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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13
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Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13042317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Overexploitation of resources makes the reutilization of waste a focal topic of modern society, and the question of the kind of wastes that can be used is continuously raised. Sewage sludge (SS) is derived from the wastewater treatment plants, considered important underused biomass, and can be used as a biofertilizer when properly stabilized due to the high content of inorganic matter, nitrate, and phosphorus. However, a wide range of pollutants can be present in these biosolids, limiting or prohibiting their use as biofertilizer, depending on the type and origin of industrial waste and household products. Long-term applications of these biosolids could substantially increase the concentration of contaminants, causing detrimental effects on the environment and induce hyperaccumulation or phytotoxicity in the produced crops. In this work, some critical parameters for soils and SS agronomic use, such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK), and heavy metals concentration have been reviewed. Several cases of food crop production and the accumulation of heavy metals after SS application are also discussed. SS production, usage, and legislation in EU are assessed to determine the possibility of sustainable management of this bioresource. Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines are addressed. The opportunity to produce bioenergy crops, employing sewage sludge to enhance degraded land, is also considered, due to energy security. Although there are numerous advantages of sewage sludge, proper screening for heavy metals in all the variants (biosolids, soil, food products) is a must. SS application requires appropriate strict guidelines with appropriate regulatory oversight to control contamination of agricultural soils.
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Ding J, Zhang D, Liu Y, Zhan X, Lu Y, Zhou P, Zhang D. An Electrochemical Aptasensor for Pb 2+ Detection Based on Metal-Organic-Framework-Derived Hybrid Carbon. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 11:bios11010001. [PMID: 33375081 PMCID: PMC7822124 DOI: 10.3390/bios11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new double-shelled carbon nanocages material was synthesized and developed an aptasensor for determining Pb2+ in aqueous solution. Herein, nanoporous carbon materials derived from core–shell zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) demonstrated excellent electrochemical activity, stability, and high specificity surface area, consequently resulting in the strong binding with aptamers. The aptamer strands would be induced to form G-quadruplex structure when Pb2+ was introduced. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor exhibited a good linear relationship of Pb2+ concentration ranging from 0.1 to 10 μg L−1 with the detection limits of 0.096 μg L−1. The feasibility was proved by detecting Pb2+ in spiked water samples and polluted soil digestion solution. The proposed aptasensor showed excellent selectivity and reproducibility, indicating promising applications in environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Ding
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuejia Zhan
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-34205762
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (J.D.); (D.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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15
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Kim JH, Lee A, Kim SK, Moon HB, Park J, Choi K, Kim S. Lead and mercury levels in repeatedly collected urine samples of young children: A longitudinal biomonitoring study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109901. [PMID: 32980001 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Early life exposures to lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were reported to be associated with various adverse health outcomes. However, limited data was available for urinary Pb and Hg levels in young children and the proportion of children at risk by age, as well as inter- and intra-subject variations of urinary Pb and Hg levels. Therefore, we collected total 491 urine samples from 241 children by urine collection at birth and at intervals of 3 months until 27 months of age for each child (at 10 monitoring time points), measured urinary Pb and Hg levels, and then evaluated the proportion of children at risk by age and the intra-class correlation (ICC) of the urinary Pb and Hg levels. Both the urinary Pb and Hg levels were significantly different according to the monitoring time points (p < 0.0001 for both Pb and Hg). The number of children with Hg level over the Human BioMonitoring (HBM) I (7 μg/L) and II (25 μg/L) in the first urine at birth were 3 (2.2%) and 1 (0.7%), respectively, while the urinary samples at the other time points did not show Hg level over HBM I or HBM II. However, the exceedance rate for urinary Pb based on HBM values was not calculated due to unavailable HBM values. On the other hands, the proportion of the children with Pb and Hg levels over the reference value derived on the 95th percentile of representative samples (RV95) (1.7 μg/L for Canadian Pb and 0.4 μg/L for German Hg) was relatively high, ranging from 20.0% to 100.0% for Pb and from 13.6% to 100.0% for Hg. The ICC of the repeated measurements from birth to 27 months was 0 for Pb and 0.89 for Hg, while the ICC after the exclusion of the first urine at birth was 0.13 for Pb and 0.47 for Hg. Furthermore, the Pb and Hg exposures were consistent among the high-exposure group for Pb and among all population for Hg. Our data showed Korean children were exposed to relatively high levels of Pb and Hg. However, our Pb and Hg levels in children were based on only urine samples without urinary correction and without consideration of the levels in any other bio-samples such as bloods. Therefore, to explore the Pb and Hg exposures using urine samples warrant further investigation with large sample size considering urinary correction and other bio-samples in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Koo Kim
- College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergent Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongim Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Al-Saleh I, Moncari L, Jomaa A, Elkhatib R, Al-Rouqi R, Eltabache C, Al-Rajudi T, Alnuwaysir H, Nester M, Aldhalaan H. Effects of early and recent mercury and lead exposure on the neurodevelopment of children with elevated mercury and/or developmental delays during lactation: A follow-up study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 230:113629. [PMID: 32956901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This follow-up study of 82 children investigated the potential impact of early and recent exposure to mercury and lead on their neurodevelopmental performance at 5-8 years of age (2017-2018). Early exposure of these children to mercury, methylmercury, and lead was assessed during lactation at 3-12 months old, as well as their mother's exposure using measurements from a cross-sectional study (2011-2013). Only infants who failed to pass the neurodevelopment screening tools and/or had elevated mercury were included in this study. Urine and hair were sampled during the follow-up study to assess the children's recent exposure to mercury, methylmercury, and lead. Their cognitive performance and visual-motor integration were also measured using the Test of Non-Verbal Intelligence (TONI) and the Beery-Visual-Motor Integration (Beery VMI), respectively. The association between alterations in urinary porphyrins excretion and exposure to metals was analyzed and their influence on the children's neurodevelopment was explored. Linear regression models revealed a significant negative association between the infants' mercury exposure during lactation and the TONI Quotient (β = -0.298, 95%CI = -4.677, -0.414) and Beery VMI Age Equivalent scores at age 5-8 (β = -0.437, 95%CI = -6.383, -1.844). The mothers' blood methylmercury was inversely and significantly associated with their children's TONI Quotient (β = -0.231, 95%CI = -8.184, -0.331). In contrast, the children's Beery VMI Age Equivalent scores were positively and significantly associated with the hair methylmercury of the mothers (β = 0.214, 95%CI = 0.088, 3.899) and their infants (β = 0.256, 95%CI = 0.396, 4.488). These relationships suggest the presence of negative confounding that we did not take into account. Unlike mercury, there was some evidence that lead in breast milk had an inverse relationship with the children's visual-motor coordination skills. Our study did not show a clear association between children's recent exposure to metals and neurodevelopment. However, a significant inverse association was observed between the TONI Quotient and the interaction of hair methylmercury × ∑porphyrins (ß = -0.224, 95%CI = -0.86, -0.049), implying that porphyrins are a sensitive measure of low body-mercury burden. Although lead induced higher ∑porphyrins excretion in urine (β = 0.347, 95%CI = 0.107, 0.525), their interaction did not influence children's neurodevelopmental scores. The interactions between metals and porphyrins might provide insights into their potential contributory role in the pathogenesis associated with neurological disorders or other diseases. Despite the small sample size of the present study, its findings about the association between toxic metal exposure and the high risk of poor neurodevelopmental performance are worrying, particularly at an early age, and additional research is needed using larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Jomaa
- Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hesham Aldhalaan
- Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Isolation and Characterization of Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 and Its Application in Removal of Heavy Metal Chromium. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3661-3670. [PMID: 32797267 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elaborate the characteristics of Pseudomonas sp. Cr13, including physiological and biochemical characteristics, optimization of growth conditions, minimum inhibitory concentration of Cr6+ and resistance to other heavy metals, removal efficiency of Cr6+, and antibiotics sensitivity. A strain Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 was screened from mine-contaminated soils, which could tolerate high concentration of Cr6+ (up to 250 mg l-1) and Cd2+ (50 mg l-1). The optimum pH, NaCl concentration, and temperature for growth were 6, 10% NaCl, and 30 °C, respectively. The removal efficiency of Cr6+ by strain Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 was studied. The removal efficiency of Cr6+ decreased with the increased concentration of Cr6+. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum of the removal rate can reach up to 94.26% in contaminated soils. In addition, antibiotics sensitivity of this strain was investigated. It was found that this strain was sensitive to nine types of antibiotics, which would lay a good foundation for the choice of selective marker in genetic engineering modification of this strain. The results in this article would lay a good foundation for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution in the future. Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 can tolerate high concentration of Cr6+ and partially remove Cr6+, which make Cr13 an attractive option for the bioremediation of heavy metal chromium (Cr). Our findings suggest that Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 is a potential bacterium with the ability of bioremediation of heavy metal Cr.
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18
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Killian B, Yuan TH, Tsai CH, Chiu THT, Chen YH, Chan CC. Emission-related Heavy Metal Associated with Oxidative Stress in Children: Effect of Antioxidant Intake. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113920. [PMID: 32492875 PMCID: PMC7312654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals, the common pollutants emitted from industrial activities, are believed to cause harmful effects, partially through the mechanism of elevated oxidative stress, and antioxidant intake has been hypothesized to provide a potential protective effect against oxidative stress. This study aims to investigate the heavy metal exposure and the associated oxidative damage of young children living near a petrochemical complex and to assess the protective effect of antioxidant intake. There were 168 children recruited from the kindergartens near a huge petrochemical complex, with 87 as the high exposure group and 81 as the low exposure group. Urinary concentrations of eleven metals were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and four biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The food frequency questionnaire was collected to assess participants’ intake of antioxidants. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the predictors of metals for oxidative stress and to measure the beneficial effect of antioxidants. Weighted quantile sum regression was performed to determine the contributors among metals to the oxidative stress. Results showed that high exposure group had significantly higher concentrations of chromium, manganese, nickel, arsenic, strontium, cadmium, and lead when compared to those in low exposure group. There was no obviously difference on the total antioxidant intake and dietary profile between two groups. The elevated levels of two oxidative stress markers were significantly associated with most of the urinary metal concentrations in all study subjects after adjusting confounders, while no significant association was found between oxidative stress and antioxidant intake. Among the metals, mercury and strontium showed the dominated contributions for elevated levels of oxidative stress. It concluded that higher metal exposure was associated with elevated oxidative stress but with no protective effect by antioxidant intake among the young children residents near a petrochemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Killian
- Master of Public Health Degree Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hsuen Yuan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment (Population Health Research Center, PHRC), College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Tsai
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, No.579, Sec. 2, Yunlin Rd., Douliu City, Yunlin County 64041, Taiwan;
| | - Tina H. T. Chiu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhang Dist., New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment (Population Health Research Center, PHRC), College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Khalid M, Hassani S, Abdollahi M. Metal-induced oxidative stress: an evidence-based update of advantages and disadvantages. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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Reference values for heavy metals in the urine and blood of Saudi women derived from two human biomonitoring studies. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 225:113473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Occurrence and Fate of Heavy Metals in Municipal Wastewater in Heilongjiang Province, China: A Monthly Reconnaissance from 2015 to 2017. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As one of the major sources of pollutions in the environments, effluents from municipal wastewater recently became a hot topic. This study quantified monthly county-level releases of five heavy metals, i.e., lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), from municipal wastewater into the environment in the Heilongjiang Province of China, based on sampling, measurement, and modeling tools. Wastewater samples were collected from 27 municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) in 15 county-level cities of Heilongjiang every month from 2015 to 2017. The concentrations of five heavy metals were analyzed in both influents (Pb: 160 ± 100 μg/L; Cd: 15 ± 9.0 μg/L; Cr: 170 ± 64 μg/L; Hg: 0.67 ± 1.5 μg/L; As: 6.2 ± 4.8 μg/L) and effluents (Pb: 45 ± 15 μg/L; Cd: 5.2 ± 5.1 μg/L; Cr: 57 ± 13 μg/L; Hg: 0.28 ± 0.12 μg/L; As: 2.6 ± 1.4 μg/L). The removal ratios of the five heavy metals ranged from 50% to 67%. Inflow fluxes of Pb, Cr, and Cd displayed increasing trends first then decreased after reaching a maximum value, whereas those of Hg and Pb remained stable. Material flow analysis reveals that constructions of MWTPs are conducive to significantly reduce the releases of heavy metals from urban areas into the aquatic environment in the study area. Additionally, municipal wastewater sludge (used as fertilizer or spread on the land) could be a significant source of heavy metals in the land.
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Marmelo I, Barbosa V, Maulvault AL, Duarte MP, Marques A. Does the addition of ingredients affect mercury and cadmium bioaccessibility in seafood-based meals? Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:110978. [PMID: 31747620 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite the bioaccessibility of nutrients and contaminants present in individual seafood products has been thoroughly studied, information is extremely limited in what concerns complete seafood-based meals, where interactions between ingredients may occur. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different ingredients and cooking processes in mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) bioaccessibility in complete meals of tuna (Thunnus spp.) and edible crab (Cancer pagurus), respectively. The addition of ingredients/side dishes decreased Hg levels in cooked tuna meals, but increased Hg bioaccessibility (up to 31% of bioaccessible Hg in complete meals, against 13.5% in stewed tuna alone). Cd levels in edible crab meals were significantly decreased by the addition of ingredients (~36% and ~65% decrease in boiled crab and paté, respectively), but its' bioaccessibility was not significantly affected (>94% in all cases). Results showed that the weekly consumption of 2 complete tuna meals does not exceed MeHg tolerable weekly intake (TWI), whereas Cd's TWI is largely surpassed with the consumption of 50 g/week of edible crab meals. This highlights the importance of determining contaminant levels and bioaccessibility in a whole seafood-based meal context, as such approach enables a more realistic assessment of the risks that seafood can pose to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Marmelo
- Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal.
| | - Vera Barbosa
- Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Ana Luísa Maulvault
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria Paula Duarte
- MEtRICs/DCTB, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - António Marques
- Division of Aquaculture and Seafood Upgrading, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Li S, Baiyun R, Lv Z, Li J, Han D, Zhao W, Yu L, Deng N, Liu Z, Zhang Z. Exploring the kidney hazard of exposure to mercuric chloride in mice:Disorder of mitochondrial dynamics induces oxidative stress and results in apoptosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:822-829. [PMID: 31247492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the 10 toxic chemicals with major public health concerns. Continuous exposure to low levels of heavy metals including mercury is related to renal injury, especially in children. This study investigated the possible molecular mechanism of inorganic mercury-induced kidney injury. Twenty eight Kunming mice were divided into four groups (n = 7), and treated with 0, 20, 40, 80 mg/L mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water for 16 weeks respectively. All the HgCl2 exposure mice displayed different degrees of renal injury, which was diagnosed by hematoxylin and eosin stain, biochemical analysis, and ultrastructure examination. The treatment of HgCl2 inhibited the silent information regulator two ortholog 1 (Sirt1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway and resulted the disorder of mitochondrial dynamics, as evidenced by the increasing expression of dynamin-related protein 1 and decreasing expression of mitofusin 2. Meanwhile, HgCl2 inhibited the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis. The abnormality of mitochondrial dynamics and the suppression of Nrf2 axis exacerbated oxidative stress, and then induced cell apoptosis. These findings demonstrated that the disorder of mitochondrial dynamics induced by HgCl2 activated oxidative stress, and further resulted in renal apoptosis through inhibiting the Sirt1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and the Nrf2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruiqi Baiyun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhanjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dongxu Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenyue Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lanjie Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ning Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China.
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24
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Moody EC, Coca SG, Sanders AP. Toxic Metals and Chronic Kidney Disease: a Systematic Review of Recent Literature. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:453-463. [PMID: 30338443 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are ubiquitous toxicants with evidence of adverse kidney impacts at high exposure levels. There is less evidence whether environmental exposure to As, Cd, or Pb plays a role in development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We conducted a systematic review to summarize the recent epidemiologic literature examining the relationship between As, Cd, or Pb with CKD. RECENT FINDINGS We included peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2013 and April 2018 for As and Cd, and all dates prior to April 2018 for Pb. We imposed temporality requirements for both the definition of CKD (as per NKF-KDOQI guidelines) and environmental exposures prior to disease diagnosis. Our assessment included cohort, case-control or cross-sectional study designs that satisfied 5 inclusion criteria. We included a total of eight articles of which three, two, and four studies examined the effects of As, Cd, or Pb, respectively. Studies of As exposure consistently reported positive association with CKD incidence; studies of Pb exposure were mixed. We found little evidence of association between Cd exposure and CKD. Additional well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed and we present recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Moody
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven G Coca
- Department of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison P Sanders
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Departments of Pediatrics & Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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25
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Rai PK, Lee SS, Zhang M, Tsang YF, Kim KH. Heavy metals in food crops: Health risks, fate, mechanisms, and management. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:365-385. [PMID: 30743144 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 659] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Food security is a high-priority issue for sustainable global development both quantitatively and qualitatively. In recent decades, adverse effects of unexpected contaminants on crop quality have threatened both food security and human health. Heavy metals and metalloids (e.g., Hg, As, Pb, Cd, and Cr) can disturb human metabolomics, contributing to morbidity and even mortality. Therefore, this review focuses on and describes heavy metal contamination in soil-food crop subsystems with respect to human health risks. It also explores the possible geographical pathways of heavy metals in such subsystems. In-depth discussion is further offered on physiological/molecular translocation mechanisms involved in the uptake of metallic contaminants inside food crops. Finally, management strategies are proposed to regain sustainability in soil-food subsystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Rai
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Jurowski K, Krośniak M, Fołta M, Cole M, Piekoszewski W. The toxicological analysis of lead and cadmium in prescription food for special medical purposes and modified milk products for newborns and infants available in Polish pharmacies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 51:73-78. [PMID: 30466941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a lack of risk assessments around Pb and Cd in prescription food for special medical purposes (FSMPs) and modified milk products available in from pharmacies in Poland. This article describes and evaluates a toxicological analysis of lead and cadmium in prescription FSMPs (n = 6) and modified milk products (n = 6) available in Polish pharmacies. The metals were determined using electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry. To make the appropriate risk assessment, we considered (1) the levels of lead and cadmium in a powdered product, (2) the amount of the metals consumed in one portion (single exposure), (3) the daily dose depending on age (months) and body weight and (4) the weekly intake of Pb and Cd in samples in comparison to provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The results demonstrated that the samples analysed do not represent a health hazard to newborns and infants. This study is important because of the concerns around the complex risk assessment of prescription FSMP's and modified milk products available in Polish pharmacies related to lead and cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Independent Researcher, Poland; Faculty of Health Promotion, Kraków Higher School of Health Promotion, Krowoderska 73, 31-158 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Fołta
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michael Cole
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Camridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
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27
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El-Kady AA, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Occurrence of trace metals in foodstuffs and their health impact. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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