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Vukovic D, Gostimirovic S, Cvetanovic J, Gavric D, Aleksic Sabo V, Todorovic D, Medic D, Knezevic P. Antibacterial Potential of Non-Tailed Icosahedral Phages Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:215. [PMID: 38849666 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-tailed icosahedral phages belonging to families Fiersviridae (phages MS2 and Qbeta), Tectiviridae (PRD1) and Microviridae (phiX174) have not been considered in detail so far as potential antibacterial agents. The aim of the study was to examine various aspects of the applicability of these phages as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial potential of four phages was investigated via bacterial growth and biofilm formation inhibition, lytic spectra determination, and phage safety examination. The phage phiX174 was combined with different classes of antibiotics to evaluate potential synergistic interactions. In addition, the incidence of phiX174-insensitive mutants was analyzed. The results showed that only phiX174 out of four phages tested against their corresponding hosts inhibited bacterial growth for > 90% at different multiplicity of infection and that only this phage considerably prevented biofilm formation. Although all phages show the absence of potentially undesirable genes, they also have extremely narrow lytic spectra. The synergism was determined between phage phiX174 and ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, macrolides, and chloramphenicol. It was shown that the simultaneous application of agents is more effective than successive treatment, where one agent is applied first. The analysis of the appearance of phiX174 bacteriophage-insensitive mutants showed that mutations occur with a frequency of 10-3. The examined non-tailed phages have a limited potential for use as antibacterial agents, primarily due to a very narrow lytic spectrum and the high frequency of resistant mutants appearance, but Microviridae can be considered in the future as biocontrol agents against susceptible strains of E. coli in combinations with conventional antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Vukovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sonja Gostimirovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Cvetanovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Damir Gavric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Verica Aleksic Sabo
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Deana Medic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Petar Knezevic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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2
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Chorro L, Ndreu D, Patel A, Kodali S, Li Z, Keeney D, Dutta K, Sasmal A, Illenberger A, Torres CL, Pan R, Silmon de Monerri NC, Chu L, Simon R, Anderson AS, Donald RGK. Preclinical validation of an Escherichia coli O-antigen glycoconjugate for the prevention of serotype O1 invasive disease. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0421323. [PMID: 38700324 PMCID: PMC11237799 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04213-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A US collection of invasive Escherichia coli serotype O1 bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates were assessed for genotypic and phenotypic diversity as the basis for designing a broadly protective O-antigen vaccine. Eighty percent of the BSI isolate serotype O1 strains were genotypically ST95 O1:K1:H7. The carbohydrate repeat unit structure of the O1a subtype was conserved in the three strains tested representing core genome multi-locus sequence types (MLST) sequence types ST95, ST38, and ST59. A long-chain O1a CRM197 lattice glycoconjugate antigen was generated using oxidized polysaccharide and reductive amination chemistry. Two ST95 strains were investigated for use in opsonophagocytic assays (OPA) with immune sera from vaccinated animals and in murine lethal challenge models. Both strains were susceptible to OPA killing with O1a glycoconjugate post-immune sera. One of these, a neonatal sepsis strain, was found to be highly lethal in the murine challenge model for which virulence was shown to be dependent on the presence of the K1 capsule. Mice immunized with the O1a glycoconjugate were protected from challenges with this strain or a second, genotypically related, and similarly virulent neonatal isolate. This long-chain O1a CRM197 lattice glycoconjugate shows promise as a component of a multi-valent vaccine to prevent invasive E. coli infections. IMPORTANCE The Escherichia coli serotype O1 O-antigen serogroup is a common cause of invasive bloodstream infections (BSI) in populations at risk such as newborns and the elderly. Sequencing of US BSI isolates and structural analysis of O polysaccharide antigens purified from strains that are representative of genotypic sub-groups confirmed the relevance of the O1a subtype as a vaccine antigen. O polysaccharide was purified from a strain engineered to produce long-chain O1a O-antigen and was chemically conjugated to CRM197 carrier protein. The resulting glycoconjugate elicited functional antibodies and was protective in mice against lethal challenges with virulent K1-encapsulated O1a isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Chorro
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Duston Ndreu
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Axay Patel
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Srinivas Kodali
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - David Keeney
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Kaushik Dutta
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Aniruddha Sasmal
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | | | - C. Lynn Torres
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Rosalind Pan
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | | | - Ling Chu
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
| | - Raphael Simon
- Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA
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3
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Wu W, Zhao Q, Zhang B. Viable Escherichia coli enumeration on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip with vertical channel-well configuration. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:241. [PMID: 38573377 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The culture-based methods for viable Escherichia coli (E. coli) detection suffer from long detection time and laborious procedures, whereas the molecule tests and immune recognition technologies lack live/dead E. coli differentiation. Rapid, easy-to-use, and accessible viable E. coli detection is of benefit to bacterial infection diagnosis and risk warning of E. coli contamination of water and food, safeguarding human health. Herein, we propose a microwell chip-based solution to realize simple and rapid determination of viable E. coli. The vertical channel-well configuration is applied to develop the microwell array chip for increasing the microwell density (6200 wells/cm2), yielding a broad dynamic range from 103 to 107 CFU/mL. We incorporate an inducible enzyme assay with the developed chip and achieve the differentiation of live/dead E. coli within 4 h, significantly shortening the detection time from over 24 h in the standard method. By encapsulating single E. coli into microwells, the concentration of viable cells can be determined simultaneously through counting positive microwells. In addition, the air soluble PDMS that can store negative pressure for independent sample digitalization endows the developed chip with simple operation and less reliance on external equipment. With further developments for increasing the number of microwell and integrating more sample panels, the developed chip can become a useful tool for rapid viable E. coli enumeration with user-friendly operation, simple procedures, and accessibility in decentralized settings, thereby deploying this device for water and food safety monitoring, as well as clinical bacterial infection diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qianbin Zhao
- Center of Health Science and Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart Theranostics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300131, China
| | - Boran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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4
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Nhu NTK, Rahman MA, Goh KGK, Kim SJ, Phan MD, Peters KM, Alvarez-Fraga L, Hancock SJ, Ravi C, Kidd TJ, Sullivan MJ, Irvine KM, Beatson SA, Sweet MJ, Irwin AD, Vukovic J, Ulett GC, Hasnain SZ, Schembri MA. A convergent evolutionary pathway attenuating cellulose production drives enhanced virulence of some bacteria. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1441. [PMID: 38383596 PMCID: PMC10881479 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria adapt to selective pressure in their immediate environment in multiple ways. One mechanism involves the acquisition of independent mutations that disable or modify a key pathway, providing a signature of adaptation via convergent evolution. Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) belonging to sequence type 95 (ST95) represent a global clone frequently associated with severe human infections including acute pyelonephritis, sepsis, and neonatal meningitis. Here, we analysed a publicly available dataset of 613 ST95 genomes and identified a series of loss-of-function mutations that disrupt cellulose production or its modification in 55.3% of strains. We show the inability to produce cellulose significantly enhances ST95 invasive infection in a rat model of neonatal meningitis, leading to the disruption of intestinal barrier integrity in newborn pups and enhanced dissemination to the liver, spleen and brain. Consistent with these observations, disruption of cellulose production in ST95 augmented innate immune signalling and tissue neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of urinary tract infection. Mutations that disrupt cellulose production were also identified in other virulent ExPEC STs, Shigella and Salmonella, suggesting a correlative association with many Enterobacteriaceae that cause severe human infection. Together, our findings provide an explanation for the emergence of hypervirulent Enterobacteriaceae clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - M Arifur Rahman
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane QLD, Australia
| | - Kelvin G K Goh
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Seung Jae Kim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Minh-Duy Phan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate M Peters
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura Alvarez-Fraga
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- INRAE, Univ Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, Narbonne, 11100, France
| | - Steven J Hancock
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chitra Ravi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy J Kidd
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Central Microbiology, Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew J Sullivan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott A Beatson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew J Sweet
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adam D Irwin
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jana Vukovic
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Glen C Ulett
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sumaira Z Hasnain
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Mark A Schembri
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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5
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Wu W, Kiat Goh SC, Cai G, Feng S, Zhang B. Digital metabolic activity assay enables fast assessment of 2D materials bactericidal efficiency. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:342007. [PMID: 38057056 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification and quantification of viable Escherichia coli (E. coli) are important in multiple fields including the development of antimicrobial materials, water quality, food safety and infections diagnosis. However, the standard culture-based methods of viable E. coli detection suffer from long detection times (24 h) and complex operation, leaving the unmet requirement for fast assessing the efficiency of antimicrobial materials, early alerting the contamination of water and food, and immediately treatment of infections. RESULTS We present a digital β-d-glucuronidase (GUS) assay in a self-priming polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip for rapid E. coli identification and quantification. The GUS expression in viable bacteria was investigated to develop a fast GUS assay at the single-cell level. Single E. coli were stochastically discretized in picoliter chambers and identified by specific GUS activity. The digital GUS assay enabled identifying E. coli within 3 h and quantifying within 4 h for different E. coli subtypes. The specificity of our method was confirmed by using blended bacteria including E. coli, Bacillus, Shigella and Vibrio. We utilized digital GUS assay to enumerate viable E. coli after incubated with antibacterial materials for assessing the antibacterial efficiency. Moreover, the degassed chip can realize automatic sample distribution without external instruments. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated the functionality and practicability of digital GUS assay for single E. coli identification and quantification. With air-tight packaging, the developed chip has the potential for on-site E. coli analysis and could be deployed for diagnosis of E. coli infections, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and warning the fecal pollution of water. Digital GUS assay provides a paradigm, examining the activity of metabolic enzyme, for detecting the viable bacteria other than E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Wu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Simon Chun Kiat Goh
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gaozhe Cai
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shilun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
| | - Boran Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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6
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Yin F, Hu Y, Bu Z, Liu Y, Zhang H, Hu Y, Xue Y, Li S, Tan C, Chen X, Li L, Zhou R, Huang Q. Genome-wide identification of genes critical for in vivo fitness of multi-drug resistant porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli by transposon-directed insertion site sequencing using a mouse infection model. Virulence 2023; 14:2158708. [PMID: 36537189 PMCID: PMC9828833 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2158708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is an important zoonotic pathogen. Recently, ExPEC has been reported to be an emerging problem in pig farming. However, the mechanism of pathogenicity of porcine ExPEC remains to be revealed. In this study, we constructed a transposon (Tn) mutagenesis library covering Tn insertion in over 72% of the chromosome-encoded genes of a virulent and multi-drug resistant porcine ExPEC strain PCN033. By using a mouse infection model, a transposon-directed insertion site sequencing (TraDIS) assay was performed to identify in vivo fitness factors. By comparing the Tn insertion frequencies between the input Tn library and the recovered library from different organs, 64 genes were identified to be involved in fitness during systemic infection. 15 genes were selected and individual gene deletion mutants were constructed. The in vivo fitness was evaluated by using a competitive infection assay. Among them, ΔfimG was significantly outcompeted by the WT strain in vivo and showed defective adhesion to host cells. rfa which was involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was shown to be critical for in vivo fitness which may have resulted from its role in the resistance to serum killing. In addition, several metabolic genes including fepB, sdhC, fepG, gltS, dcuA, ccmH, ddpD, narU, glpD, malM, and yabL and two regulatory genes metJ and baeS were shown as important determinants of in vivo fitness of porcine ExPEC. Collectively, this study performed a genome-wide screening for in vivo fitness factors which will be important for understanding the pathogenicity of porcine ExPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Hu
- College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixuan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Ministry of Science and Technology, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiabing Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Ministry of Science and Technology, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Ministry of Science and Technology, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Wuhan, China,The HZAU-HVSEN Institute, Wuhan, China,CONTACT Rui Zhou
| | - Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Ministry of Science and Technology, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Wuhan, China,Qi Huang
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7
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Kaur H, Kalia M, Singh V, Taneja N. Identification of novel inhibitors against Escherichia coli utilizing HisC as a target from histidine biosynthesis pathway. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9907-9914. [PMID: 36416560 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2148319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that poses a significant challenge both clinically and epidemiologically. Large numbers of multi-drug resistant E. coli have emerged in the last decade, because of the selection pressure generated by the inadequate use of antibiotics. Although research to combat antibiotic resistance has been going on extensively but still lags in the rate of development of newer antibiotics. Therefore, newer approaches are required to speed up the rate of discovery of antibiotics. Computational methods for screening of inhibitors have made a significant contribution to the discovery of novel antimicrobials. The present study utilized histidinol-phospho aminotransferase (HisC) as a target. HisC is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of histidine and its absence in mammals makes it an attractive drug target. A ZINC library of 5000 natural compounds was screened against HisC (PDB ID: 1FG7) using PyRx and the first 500 hits were selected for secondary screening after sorting the result on the basis of binding score. Fifteen compounds passed the secondary filter ADME and out of these five passed toxicity filters; the best among five hits was selected on the basis of its binding score and inhibition constants. Further, molecular dynamics simulations and free binding were computed of selected five compounds and two natural compounds ZINC402598829 and ZINC31157928 complexed with HisC were found as highly stable. Overall, our results indicated that these natural sources could be used as potential HisC inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manmohit Kalia
- Department of Biology, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Vikram Singh
- School of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Taneja
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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8
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Ullah N, Assawakongkarat T, Akeda Y, Chaichanawongsaroj N. Detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates by isothermal amplification and association of their virulence genes and phylogroups with extraintestinal infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12022. [PMID: 37491387 PMCID: PMC10368679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) cause serious human infections due to their virulence and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles. We characterized 144 ExPEC strains (collected from a tertiary cancer institute) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility spectrum, ESBL variants, virulence factors (VF) patterns, and Clermont's phylogroup classification. The developed multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification and thermophilic helicase-dependent amplification (tHDA) assays for blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV, and blaTEM detection, respectively, were validated using PCR-sequencing results. All ESBL-ExPEC isolates carried blaCTX-M genes with following prevalence frequency of variants: blaCTX-M-15 (50.5%) > blaCTX-M-55 (17.9%) > blaCTX-M-27 (16.8%) > blaCTX-M-14 (14.7%). The multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification assay had 100% sensitivity, and specificity for blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV, while tHDA had 86.89% sensitivity, and 100% specificity for blaTEM. The VF genes showed the following prevalence frequency: traT (67.4%) > ompT (52.6%) > iutA (50.5%) > fimH (47.4%) > iha (33.7%) > hlyA (26.3%) > papC (12.6%) > cvaC (3.2%), in ESBL-ExPEC isolates which belonged to phylogroups A (28.4%), B2 (28.4%), and F (22.1%). The distribution of traT, ompT, and hlyA and phylogroup B2 were significantly different (P < 0.05) between ESBL-ExPEC and non-ESBL-ExPEC isolates. Thus, these equipment-free isothermal resistance gene amplification assays contribute to effective treatment and control of virulent ExPEC, especially antimicrobial resistance strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ullah
- Research Unit of Innovative Diagnosis of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thadchaporn Assawakongkarat
- Program of Molecular Sciences in Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nuntaree Chaichanawongsaroj
- Research Unit of Innovative Diagnosis of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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9
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Using E. coli population to predict foodborne pathogens in pastured poultry farms. Food Microbiol 2022; 108:104092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Single Escherichia coli bacteria detection using a chemiluminescence digital microwell array chip. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 215:114594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim B, Kim JH, Lee Y. Virulence Factors Associated With Escherichia coli Bacteremia and Urinary Tract Infection. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:203-212. [PMID: 34635614 PMCID: PMC8548248 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.2.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) causes various infections, including urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and neonatal meningitis. ExPEC strains have virulence factors (VFs) that facilitate infection by allowing bacterial cells to migrate into and multiply within the host. We compared the microbiological characteristics of ExPEC isolates from blood and urine specimens from UTI patients. Methods We conducted a single-center, prospective study in an 855-bed tertiary-care hospital in Korea. We consecutively recruited 80 hospitalized UTI patients with E. coli isolates, which were isolated from blood and/or urine, and urine alone between March 2019 and May 2020. We evaluated the 80 E. coli isolates for the presence of bacterial genes encoding the sequence types (STs), antimicrobial resistance, and VFs using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Results We found no significant differences in STs, antimicrobial resistance patterns, or VFs between isolates from blood and urine specimens. ST131, a pandemic multidrug-resistant clone present in both blood and urine, was the most frequent ST (N=19/80, 24%), and ST131 isolates carried more virulence genes, especially, tsh and espC, than non-ST131 isolates. The virulence scores of the ST131 group and the ST69, ST95, and ST1193 groups differed significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions We found no STs and VFs associated with bacteremia in WGS data of E. coli isolates from UTI patients. ST131 was the most frequent ST among UTI causing isolates and carried more VF genes than non-ST131 isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chu H, Liu C, Liu J, Yang J, Li Y, Zhang X. Recent advances and challenges of biosensing in point-of-care molecular diagnosis. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2021; 348:130708. [PMID: 34511726 PMCID: PMC8424413 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.130708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular diagnosis, which plays a major role in infectious disease screening with successful understanding of the human genome, has attracted more attention because of the outbreak of COVID-19 recently. Since point-of-care testing (POCT) can expand the application of molecular diagnosis with the benefit of rapid reply, low cost, and working in decentralized environments, many researchers and commercial institutions have dedicated tremendous effort and enthusiasm to POCT-based biosensing for molecular diagnosis. In this review, we firstly summarize the state-of-the-art techniques and the construction of biosensing systems for POC molecular diagnosis. Then, the application scenarios of POCT-based biosensing for molecular diagnosis were also reviewed. Finally, several challenges and perspectives of POC biosensing for molecular diagnosis are discussed. This review is expected to help researchers deepen comprehension and make progresses in POCT-based biosensing field for molecular diagnosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Chu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Conghui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Jinsen Liu
- Shenzhen ENCO Instrument Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Li P, Wang H, Li M, Qi W, Qi Z, Chen W, Dong Y, Xu Z, Zhang W. Characterization and genome analysis of a broad lytic spectrum bacteriophage P479 against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Virus Res 2021; 308:198628. [PMID: 34780885 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The increase of multi-drug resistant and multi-serotypes of pathogenic Escherichia coli has brought more severe challenge to control infection. Nowadays, bacteriophage is a promising tool to treat colibacillosis as an alternative of antibiotics. A coliphage P479, isolated from sewage of poultry farm, could lyse multiple serotypes, including not only O1, O2, O8, O9, O21, O78, O83, O145 of Avian pathogenic E. coli, but O157:H7 of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli and O18:K1:H7 Neonatal meningitis E. coli. Additionally, P479 could also lyse multi-drug resistant E. coli. These indicated that P479 had good lytic ability. One-step growth curve revealed that the latent time period of P479 was 10 min and the burst size was about 318 PFU/cell. Stability tests demonstrated that P479 had good stability under various temperature (4 to 50 °C) and pH (3 to11) conditions. P479 contained of a linear, double-stranded DNA molecule of 172,033 bp with 40.3% GC content. P479 contained 296 putative coding sequences (CDSs) and two tRNA genes. Based on genomic comparison, P479 was classified as a member of genus Gaprivervirus, subfamily Tevenvirinae, family Myoviridae, order Caudovirales. No known virulent or lysogenic genes were detected in the genome of P479, manifesting P479 was safe to adhibit. Antibacterial activity in vitro manifested that P479 has varying degrees bacteriostatic activity against different bacteria. According to the above properties, P479 has the potential to be applied in phage therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Weiling Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Zitai Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Weiye Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China
| | - Yongyi Dong
- Jiangsu Animal Disease Control Center, 124 Caochangmen street, Gulou District, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Zhengjun Xu
- Jiangsu Animal Disease Control Center, 124 Caochangmen street, Gulou District, Nanjing 210036, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Xuanwu District Nanjing City 210095, China.
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Tu J, Fu D, Gu Y, Shao Y, Song X, Xue M, Qi K. Transcription Regulator YgeK Affects the Virulence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113018. [PMID: 34827751 PMCID: PMC8614350 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the responsible pathogen for colibacillosis in poultry. Transcriptional regulator YgeK was a transcriptional regulator locating at E. coli type three secretion system 2 (ETT2) in APEC. However, the role of YgeK in APEC has not been reported. In this study, we found that the inactivation of YgeK in APEC decreased the flagellar formation ability, bacterial motility ability, serum sensitivity, adhesion ability, and virulence. Results suggested that the transcriptional regulator YgeK plays a crucial role in APEC virulence. Abstract Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the responsible pathogen for colibacillosis in poultry, and is a potential gene source for human extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli type III secretion system 2 (ETT2) is widely distributed in human and animal ExPEC isolates, and is crucial for the virulence of ExPEC. Transcriptional regulator YgeK, located in the ETT2 gene cluster, was identified as an important regulator of gene expression in enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). However, the role of YgeK in APEC has not been reported. In this study, we performed amino acid alignment analysis of YgeK among different E. coli strains and generated ygeK mutant strain AE81ΔygeK from clinical APEC strain AE81. Flagellar formation, bacterial motility, serum sensitivity, adhesion, and virulence were all significantly reduced following the inactivation of YgeK in APEC. Then, we performed transcriptome sequencing to analyze the functional pathways involved in the biological processes. Results suggested that ETT2 transcriptional regulator YgeK plays a crucial role in APEC virulence. These findings thus contribute to our understanding of the function of the ETT2 cluster, and clarify the pathogenic mechanism of APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
| | - Dandan Fu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
| | - Yi Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
| | - Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
| | - Mei Xue
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
- Correspondence: (M.X.); (K.Q.); Tel.: +86-551-6578-5310 (K.Q.)
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.T.); (D.F.); (Y.G.); (Y.S.); (X.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.X.); (K.Q.); Tel.: +86-551-6578-5310 (K.Q.)
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15
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Sora VM, Meroni G, Martino PA, Soggiu A, Bonizzi L, Zecconi A. Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli: Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111355. [PMID: 34832511 PMCID: PMC8618662 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The One Health approach emphasizes the importance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a major concern both in public health and in food animal production systems. As a general classification, E. coli can be distinguished based on the ability to cause infection of the gastrointestinal system (IPEC) or outside of it (ExPEC). Among the different pathogens, E. coli are becoming of great importance, and it has been suggested that ExPEC may harbor resistance genes that may be transferred to pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria. ExPEC strains are versatile bacteria that can cause urinary tract, bloodstream, prostate, and other infections at non-intestinal sites. In this context of rapidly increasing multidrug-resistance worldwide and a diminishingly effective antimicrobial arsenal to tackle resistant strains. ExPEC infections are now a serious public health threat worldwide. However, the clinical and economic impact of these infections and their optimal management are challenging, and consequently, there is an increasing awareness of the importance of ExPECs amongst healthcare professionals and the general public alike. This review aims to describe pathotype characteristics of ExPEC to increase our knowledge of these bacteria and, consequently, to increase our chances to control them and reduce the risk for AMR, following a One Health approach.
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16
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Wang P, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhong H, Wang H, Li J, Zhu G, Xia P, Cui L, Li J, Dong J, Gao Q, Meng X. ClbG in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Contributes to Meningitis Development in a Mouse Model. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:546. [PMID: 34437417 PMCID: PMC8402462 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colibactin is a complex secondary metabolite that leads to genotoxicity that interferes with the eukaryotic cell cycle. It plays an important role in many diseases, including neonatal mouse sepsis and meningitis. Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is responsible for several diseases in the poultry industry and may threaten human health due to its potential zoonosis. In this study, we confirmed that clbG was necessary for the APEC XM strain to produce colibactin. The deletion of clbG on APEC XM contributed to lowered γH2AX expression, no megalocytosis, and no cell cycle arrest in vitro. None of the 4-week Institute of Cancer Research mice infected with the APEC XM ΔclbG contracted meningitis or displayed weakened clinical symptoms. Fewer histopathological lesions were observed in the APEC XM ΔclbG group. The bacterial colonization of tissues and the relative expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in the brains decreased significantly in the APEC XM ΔclbG group compared to those in the APEC XM group. The tight junction proteins (claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1) were not significantly destroyed in APEC XM ΔclbG group in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, clbG is necessary for the synthesis of the genotoxin colibactin and affects the development of APEC meningitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Haoran Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengpeng Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (P.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.); (H.W.); (J.L.); (G.Z.); (P.X.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (J.D.); (Q.G.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Liu Y, Zhu M, Fu X, Cai J, Chen S, Lin Y, Jiang N, Chen S, Lin Z. Escherichia coli Causing Neonatal Meningitis During 2001-2020: A Study in Eastern China. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:3007-3016. [PMID: 34234530 PMCID: PMC8254664 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s317299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Neonatal meningitis (NM) caused by Escherichia coli remains a major health problem in industrialized countries. Currently, information on the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of NM in developing countries such as China is relatively scarce. Therefore, the present study investigated changes in the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli causing NM in a perinatal center in eastern China over the past 20 years. Methods This survey was conducted during three periods: 2001–2006, 2007–2012, and 2013–2020. NM was diagnosed according to the number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the presence of a single potential pathogenic bacterium in the culture prepared from the blood or CSF of a newborn baby. Changes in the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli were analyzed. Results In total, 182 NM cases were identified. E. coli was identified in 69 of these cases, and in 21 of these cases, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected. E. coli was the main cause of NM identified in this study. The overall susceptibility of E. coli to third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime decreased from 100% during 2001–2006 to 50% during 2007–2012 and, subsequently, increased to 71.0% during 2013–2020. This pattern of change is correlated with bacterial ESBL production. Only 8.3% of E. coli found in samples collected from infants with early onset meningitis (EOM) produced ESBL, while 37.3% of E. coli isolated from children with late-onset meningitis (LOM) produced ESBL. Conclusion E. coli remains the primary pathogen of NM. Compared with that isolated from infants with LOM, the percentage of ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from infants with EOM is significantly lower. Clinicians should consider this trend when determining appropriate and effective antibiotics as empirical treatment for NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Liu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Minli Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Fu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Cai
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangqin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
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Ben Aissa A, Madaboosi N, Nilsson M, Pividori MI. Electrochemical Genosensing of E. coli Based on Padlock Probes and Rolling Circle Amplification. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1749. [PMID: 33802488 PMCID: PMC7959471 DOI: 10.3390/s21051749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal amplification techniques are emerging nowadays for the rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria in low resource settings, where many infectious diseases are endemic, and the lack of reliable power supply, trained personnel and specialized facilities pose critical barriers for timely diagnosis. This work addresses the detection of E. coli based on DNA isothermal amplification performed on magnetic particles (MPs) followed by electrochemical genosensing on disposable electrodes by square-wave voltammetry. In this approach, the bacterial DNA is preconcentrated using a target-specific magnetic probe and then amplified on the MPs by rolling circle amplification (RCA). Two different electrochemical readout methods for the RCA amplicons are tested. The first one relied on the labelling of the magnetic RCA product with a digoxigenin probe followed by the incubation with antiDIG-HRP antibody as electrochemical reporter. In the second case, the direct detection with an HRP-probe was performed. This latter strategy showed an improved analytical performance, while simultaneously avoiding the use of thermocyclers or bulky bench top equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Ben Aissa
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Narayanan Madaboosi
- IIT Madras Bioincubator, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai 600113, India; or
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Maria Isabel Pividori
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Masri A, Khan NA, Zoqratt MZHM, Ayub Q, Anwar A, Rao K, Shah MR, Siddiqui R. Transcriptome analysis of Escherichia coli K1 after therapy with hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:51. [PMID: 33596837 PMCID: PMC7890611 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02097-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Escherichia coli K1 causes neonatal meningitis. Transcriptome studies are indispensable to comprehend the pathology and biology of these bacteria. Recently, we showed that nanoparticles loaded with Hesperidin are potential novel antibacterial agents against E. coli K1. Here, bacteria were treated with and without Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles, and silver alone, and 50% minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. Differential gene expression analysis using RNA-seq, was performed using Degust software and a set of genes involved in cell stress response and metabolism were selected for the study. Results 50% minimum inhibitory concentration with silver-conjugated Hesperidin was achieved with 0.5 μg/ml of Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles at 1 h. Differential genetic analysis revealed the expression of 122 genes (≥ 2-log FC, P< 0.01) in both E. coli K1 treated with Hesperidin conjugated silver nanoparticles and E. coli K1 treated with silver alone, compared to untreated E. coli K1. Of note, the expression levels of cation efflux genes (cusA and copA) and translocation of ions, across the membrane genes (rsxB) were found to increase 2.6, 3.1, and 3.3- log FC, respectively. Significant regulation was observed for metabolic genes and several genes involved in the coordination of flagella. Conclusions The antibacterial mechanism of nanoparticles maybe due to disruption of the cell membrane, oxidative stress, and metabolism in E. coli K1. Further studies will lead to a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying treatment with nanoparticles and identification of much needed novel antimicrobial drug candidates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02097-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkader Masri
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Qasim Ayub
- Monash University Malaysia Genomics Facility, School of Science, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
| | - Komal Rao
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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20
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Preparation of Microfiber Grating for Real-Time Sensing of Escherichia Coli Concentration. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9016890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various diseases are spread by means of contaminated water or food, and the detection of pathogenic bacteria has great significance for securing a proper healthy environment for human beings. In this article, microfiber gratings (MFGs) were fabricated by using a high-frequency CO2 laser. The number of periods is 30, and the length of the period is 600 μm. A type of biosensor is proposed in this study. Results showed that the biosensor was strongly sensitive to the concentration of Escherichia coli and a maximum sensitivity of 1.15 nm/107 CFU was achieved. The mechanism of real-time sensing of prepared MFG was also proposed, which could be due to relationship between dip wavelength shift and the concentration of detected bacteria. The prepared MFGs do not need any coating, and the proposed biosensor has a great potential for application in fields of medical treatment, biology, and farming.
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21
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Desvaux M, Dalmasso G, Beyrouthy R, Barnich N, Delmas J, Bonnet R. Pathogenicity Factors of Genomic Islands in Intestinal and Extraintestinal Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2065. [PMID: 33101219 PMCID: PMC7545054 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a versatile bacterial species that includes both harmless commensal strains and pathogenic strains found in the gastrointestinal tract in humans and warm-blooded animals. The growing amount of DNA sequence information generated in the era of "genomics" has helped to increase our understanding of the factors and mechanisms involved in the diversification of this bacterial species. The pathogenic side of E. coli that is afforded through horizontal transfers of genes encoding virulence factors enables this bacterium to become a highly diverse and adapted pathogen that is responsible for intestinal or extraintestinal diseases in humans and animals. Many of the accessory genes acquired by horizontal transfers form syntenic blocks and are recognized as genomic islands (GIs). These genomic regions contribute to the rapid evolution, diversification and adaptation of E. coli variants because they are frequently subject to rearrangements, excision and transfer, as well as to further acquisition of additional DNA. Here, we review a subgroup of GIs from E. coli termed pathogenicity islands (PAIs), a concept defined in the late 1980s by Jörg Hacker and colleagues in Werner Goebel's group at the University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. As with other GIs, the PAIs comprise large genomic regions that differ from the rest of the genome by their G + C content, by their typical insertion within transfer RNA genes, and by their harboring of direct repeats (at their ends), integrase determinants, or other mobility loci. The hallmark of PAIs is their contribution to the emergence of virulent bacteria and to the development of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the structure and functional features of PAIs, on PAI-encoded E. coli pathogenicity factors and on the role of PAIs in host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Desvaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Dalmasso
- UMR Inserm 1071, USC-INRAE 2018, M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Racha Beyrouthy
- UMR Inserm 1071, USC-INRAE 2018, M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- UMR Inserm 1071, USC-INRAE 2018, M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Delmas
- UMR Inserm 1071, USC-INRAE 2018, M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Richard Bonnet
- UMR Inserm 1071, USC-INRAE 2018, M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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22
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Oschwald A, Petry P, Kierdorf K, Erny D. CNS Macrophages and Infant Infections. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2123. [PMID: 33072074 PMCID: PMC7531029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) harbors its own immune system composed of microglia in the parenchyma and CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs) in the perivascular space, leptomeninges, dura mater, and choroid plexus. Recent advances in understanding the CNS resident immune cells gave new insights into development, maturation and function of its immune guard. Microglia and CAMs undergo essential steps of differentiation and maturation triggered by environmental factors as well as intrinsic transcriptional programs throughout embryonic and postnatal development. These shaping steps allow the macrophages to adapt to their specific physiological function as first line of defense of the CNS and its interfaces. During infancy, the CNS might be targeted by a plethora of different pathogens which can cause severe tissue damage with potentially long reaching defects. Therefore, an efficient immune response of infant CNS macrophages is required even at these early stages to clear the infections but may also lead to detrimental consequences for the developing CNS. Here, we highlight the recent knowledge of the infant CNS immune system during embryonic and postnatal infections and the consequences for the developing CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Oschwald
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Petry
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kierdorf
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBBS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Erny
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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23
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Xue M, Xiao Y, Fu D, Raheem MA, Shao Y, Song X, Tu J, Xue T, Qi K. Transcriptional Regulator YqeI, Locating at ETT2 Locus, Affects the Pathogenicity of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091658. [PMID: 32947771 PMCID: PMC7552227 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of colibacillosis, threatening the development of the poultry industry. The study on APEC’s pathogenic mechanism is of great importance. In this study, we investigated the role of YqeI, a transcriptional regulator locating at E. coli type three secretion system 2 in APEC. The transcriptional results revealed that YqeI affected the expression of the genes involving in bacterial localization, locomotion and biological adhesion. A series experiments also demonstrated that the absence of yqeI decreased the bacterial flagella formation ability, motility ability, antiserum bactericidal ability, adhesion ability and colonization ability. Our data suggested that the transcriptional regulator YqeI indeed participates in the pathogenicity of APEC. Abstract Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the leading cause of systemic infections in poultry worldwide and has a hidden threat to public health. Escherichia coli type three secretion system 2 (ETT2), similar to the Salmonella pathogenicity island SPI1, is widely distributed in APEC and associated with virulence. The function of YqeI, which is one of the hypothetical transcriptional regulators locating at the ETT2 locus of APEC, is unknown. In this study, we successfully obtained the mutant strain AE81ΔyqeI of the wild type strain AE81 and performed the transcriptional profiling assays. Additionally, the transcriptional sequencing results revealed that YqeI influenced localization, locomotion and biological adhesion and so on. The transmission electron microscope observation showed that the wild type strain AE81 possessed long curved flagella, whereas the mutant strain AE81ΔyqeI hardly had any. The strain AE81ΔyqeI exhibited lower motility than AE81 after culturing the dilute bacterial suspension on a semisolid medium. It was also found that the survival ability of AE81ΔyqeI weakened significantly when AE81ΔyqeI was cultured with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% SPF serum in PBS, and AE81ΔyqeI had decreased adherence to DF-1 cells compared with AE81 in the bacterial adhesion assay. The bacterial colonization assay indicated that the virulence of AE81ΔyqeI was reduced in the heart, liver, spleen, and lung. These results confirmed that the transcription regulator YqeI is involved in APEC’s pathogenicity, and this study provides clues for future research.
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Nezhadi J, Narenji H, Soroush Barhaghi MH, Rezaee MA, Ghotaslou R, Pirzadeh T, Tanomand A, Ganbarov K, Bastami M, Madhi M, Yousefi M, Kafil HS. Peptide nucleic acid-mediated re-sensitization of colistin resistance Escherichia coli KP81 harboring mcr-1 plasmid. Microb Pathog 2019; 135:103646. [PMID: 31344478 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium and it causes a variety of diseases in humans. It causes a wide range of clinical infections in humans; urinary tract infections is the most prevalent infection caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. In recent years, the observation of antibiotic-resistant genes such as resistance to colistin, makes the Escherichia coli resistant to antibiotics like colistin (polymyxin E), because of that the use of new therapies like peptide nucleic acid (PNA) has attracted the consideration of scientists. The aim of this study is the assessment of the inhibitory role of PNA against mcr-1 gene and reduction of mcr-1 gene expression and MIC in colistin resistant E. coli by PNA. NCBI database was used to design PNA. Our study was carried out on E. coli KP81 bacteria containing the mcr-1 gene. Microbroth dilution (MIC) method was used to survey phenotypic sensitivity and determine the sensitivity of the bacteria to the colistin antibiotic. E. coli KP81 isolates were further investigated by polymerase chain reaction to assess the presence of mcr-1 genes and target genes were quantified by real-time PCR assay using specific primers. The MIC result after treatment with specific PNA showed that the resistance to colistin reduced about three fold and the resistance level dropped from 32 μg/ml to 4 μg/ml. The expression analysis of mcr-1 gene in E. coli KP81 isolate indicates the PNA, 95% reduced the expression of the mcr-1 gene. Our observations showed that by inhibiting the expression of mcr-1, sensitivity to colistin can be defeated. Using higher concentrations of PNA and an in vivo study can reveal more clinical application of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanar Narenji
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Ghotaslou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Pirzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asghar Tanomand
- Department of Microbiology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Milad Bastami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Madhi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Zlatkov N, Uhlin BE. Absence of Global Stress Regulation in Escherichia coli Promotes Pathoadaptation and Novel c-di-GMP-dependent Metabolic Capability. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2600. [PMID: 30796316 PMCID: PMC6385356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39580-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathoadaptive mutations linked to c-di-GMP signalling were investigated in neonatal meningitis-causing Escherichia coli (NMEC). The results indicated that NMEC strains deficient in RpoS (the global stress regulator) maintained remarkably low levels of c-di-GMP, a major bacterial sessility-motility switch. Deletion of ycgG2, shown here to encode a YcgG allozyme with c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase activity, and the restoration of RpoS led to a decrease in S-fimbriae, robustly produced in artificial urine, hinting that the urinary tract could serve as a habitat for NMEC. We showed that NMEC were skilled in aerobic citrate utilization in the presence of glucose, a property that normally does not exist in E. coli. Our data suggest that this metabolic novelty is a property of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli since we reconstituted this ability in E. coli UTI89 (a cystitis isolate) via deactivation rpoS; additionally, a set of pyelonephritis E. coli isolates were shown here to aerobically use citrate in the presence of glucose. We found that the main reason for this metabolic capability is RpoS inactivation leading to the production of the citrate transporter CitT, exploited by NMEC for ferric citrate uptake dependent on YcgG2 (an allozyme with c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase activity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Zlatkov
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Bernt Eric Uhlin
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden.
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26
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Sarowska J, Futoma-Koloch B, Jama-Kmiecik A, Frej-Madrzak M, Ksiazczyk M, Bugla-Ploskonska G, Choroszy-Krol I. Virulence factors, prevalence and potential transmission of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources: recent reports. Gut Pathog 2019; 11:10. [PMID: 30828388 PMCID: PMC6383261 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are facultative pathogens that are part of the normal human intestinal flora. The ExPEC group includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), sepsis-associated E. coli (SEPEC), and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Virulence factors (VF) related to the pathogenicity of ExPEC are numerous and have a wide range of activities, from those related to bacteria colonization to those related to virulence, including adhesins, toxins, iron acquisition factors, lipopolysaccharides, polysaccharide capsules, and invasins, which are usually encoded on pathogenicity islands (PAIs), plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Mechanisms underlying the dynamics of ExPEC transmission and the selection of virulent clones are still poorly understood and require further research. The time shift between colonization of ExPEC and the development of infection remains problematic in the context of establishing the relation between consumption of contaminated food and the appearance of first disease symptoms. What appears to be most difficult is to prove that ExPEC strains cause disease symptoms and to examine the mechanism of transition from the asymptomatic colonization of the intestines to the spreading of the bacteria outside the digestive system. A significant problem for researchers who are trying to ascribe ExPEC transmission to food, people or the environment is to draw the distinction between colonization of ExPEC and infection. Food safety is an important challenge for public health both at the production stage and in the course of its processing and distribution. Examination of the genetic similarity of ExPEC strains will allow to determine their origin from different sources. Many levels of genotyping have been proposed in which the typing of strains, plasmids and genes is compared in order to obtain a more complete picture of this complex problem. The aim of our study was to characterize E. coli strains isolated from humans, animals and food for the presence of bacterial genes encoding virulence factors such as toxins, and iron acquisition systems (siderophores) in the context of an increasing spread of ExPEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Sarowska
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Futoma-Koloch
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frej-Madrzak
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Ksiazczyk
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Bugla-Ploskonska
- 2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Irena Choroszy-Krol
- 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 4, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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27
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Geslain G, Birgy A, Adiba S, Magnan M, Courroux C, Levy C, Cohen R, Bidet P, Bonacorsi S. Genome sequencing of strains of the most prevalent clonal group of O1:K1:H7 Escherichia coli that causes neonatal meningitis in France. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:17. [PMID: 30654756 PMCID: PMC6337857 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To describe the temporal dynamics, molecular characterization, clinical and ex vivo virulence of emerging O1:K1 neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli (NMEC) strains of Sequence Type complex (STc) 95 in France. The national reference center collected NMEC strains and performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of O1:K1 STc95 NMEC strains for phylogenetic and virulence genes content analysis. Data on the clinical and biological features of patients were also collected. Ex vivo virulence was assessed using the Dictyostelium discoideum amoeba model. Results Among 250 NMEC strains collected between 1998 and 2015, 38 belonged to O1:K1 STc95. This clonal complex was the most frequently collected after 2004, representing up to 25% of NMEC strains in France. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that most (74%) belonged to a cluster designated D-1, characterized by the adhesin FimH30. There is no clinical data to suggest that this cluster is more pathogenic than its counterparts, although it is highly predominant and harbors a large repertoire of extraintestinal virulence factors, including a pS88-like plasmid. Ex vivo virulence model showed that this cluster was generally less virulent than STc95 reference strains of O45S88:H7 and O18:H7 serotypes. However, the model showed differences between several subclones, although they harbor the same known virulence determinants. Conclusions The emerging clonal group O1:K1 STc95 of NMEC strains is mainly composed of a cluster with many virulence factors but of only moderate virulence. Whether its emergence is due to its ability to colonize the gut thanks to FimH30 or pS88-like plasmid remains to be determined. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1376-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Geslain
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - André Birgy
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Adiba
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Magnan
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Céline Courroux
- Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Levy
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint Maur des Fossés, France
| | - Robert Cohen
- Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint Maur des Fossés, France
| | - Philippe Bidet
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,Service de Microbiologie, Centre National de Référence Escherichia coli, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France.
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28
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Naili I, Vinot J, Baudner BC, Bernalier-Donadille A, Pizza M, Desvaux M, Jubelin G, D'Oro U, Buonsanti C. Mixed mucosal-parenteral immunizations with the broadly conserved pathogenic Escherichia coli antigen SslE induce a robust mucosal and systemic immunity without affecting the murine intestinal microbiota. Vaccine 2018; 37:314-324. [PMID: 30503655 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emergence and dissemination of multidrug resistance among pathogenic Escherichia coli have posed a serious threat to public health across developing and developed countries. In combination with a flexible repertoire of virulence mechanisms, E. coli can cause a vast range of intestinal (InPEC) and extraintestinal (ExPEC) diseases but only a very limited number of antibiotics still remains effective against this pathogen. Hence, a broad spectrum E. coli vaccine could be a promising alternative to prevent the burden of such diseases, while offering the potential for covering against several InPEC and ExPEC at once. SslE, the Secreted and Surface-associated Lipoprotein of E. coli, is a widely distributed protein among InPEC and ExPEC. SslE functions ex vivo as a mucinase capable of degrading mucins and reaching the surface of mucus-producing epithelial cells. SslE was identified by reverse vaccinology as a protective vaccine candidate against an ExPEC murine model of sepsis, and further shown to be cross-effective against other ExPEC and InPEC models of infection. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the immune response to antigen SslE and identify an immunization strategy suited to generate robust mucosal and systemic immune responses. We showed, by analyzing T cell and antibody responses, that mice immunized with SslE via an intranasal prime followed by two intramuscular boosts developed an enhanced overall immune response compared to either intranasal-only or intramuscular-only protocols. Importantly, we also report that this regimen of immunization did not impact the richness of the murine gut microbiota, and mice had a comparable cecal microbial composition, whether immunized with SslE or PBS. Collectively, our findings further support the use of SslE in future vaccination strategies to effectively target both InPEC and ExPEC while not perturbing the resident gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Naili
- GSK, Siena, Italy; Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Mickaël Desvaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Grégory Jubelin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMR454 MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Suff N, Karda R, Diaz JA, Ng J, Baruteau J, Perocheau D, Tangney M, Taylor PW, Peebles D, Buckley SMK, Waddington SN. Ascending Vaginal Infection Using Bioluminescent Bacteria Evokes Intrauterine Inflammation, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Brain Injury in Pregnant Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:2164-2176. [PMID: 30036519 PMCID: PMC6168615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a serious global health problem and the leading cause of infant death before 5 years of age. At least 40% of cases are associated with infection. The most common way for pathogens to access the uterine cavity is by ascending from the vagina. Bioluminescent pathogens have revolutionized the understanding of infectious diseases. We hypothesized that bioluminescent Escherichia coli can be used to track and monitor ascending vaginal infections. Two bioluminescent strains were studied: E. coli K12 MG1655-lux, a nonpathogenic laboratory strain, and E. coli K1 A192PP-lux2, a pathogenic strain capable of causing neonatal meningitis and sepsis in neonatal rats. On embryonic day 16, mice received intravaginal E. coli K12, E. coli K1, or phosphate-buffered saline followed by whole-body bioluminescent imaging. In both cases, intravaginal delivery of E. coli K12 or E. coli K1 led to bacterial ascension into the uterine cavity, but only E. coli K1 induced preterm parturition. Intravaginal administration of E. coli K1 significantly reduced the proportion of pups born alive compared with E. coli K12 and phosphate-buffered saline controls. However, in both groups of viable pups born after bacterial inoculation, there was evidence of comparable brain inflammation by postnatal day 6. This study ascribes specific mechanisms by which exposure to intrauterine bacteria leads to premature delivery and neurologic inflammation in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Suff
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Preterm Birth Group, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rajvinder Karda
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan A Diaz
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Ng
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Baruteau
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dany Perocheau
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Tangney
- SynBio Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Peter W Taylor
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donald Peebles
- Preterm Birth Group, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne M K Buckley
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Simon N Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, University College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Draft Genome Sequences of Five Neonatal Meningitis-Causing Escherichia coli Isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-46, and SP-65). GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/16/e00091-18. [PMID: 29674529 PMCID: PMC5908952 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00091-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal meningitis-causing Escherichia coli isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-46, and SP-65) were recovered between 1989 and 1997 from infants in the Netherlands. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of these five E. coli isolates, which are currently being used to validate food safety processing technologies.
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Genome-Wide Identification by Transposon Insertion Sequencing of Escherichia coli K1 Genes Essential for In Vitro Growth, Gastrointestinal Colonizing Capacity, and Survival in Serum. J Bacteriol 2018; 200:JB.00698-17. [PMID: 29339415 PMCID: PMC5847654 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00698-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli K1 strains are major causative agents of invasive disease of newborn infants. The age dependency of infection can be reproduced in neonatal rats. Colonization of the small intestine following oral administration of K1 bacteria leads rapidly to invasion of the blood circulation; bacteria that avoid capture by the mesenteric lymphatic system and evade antibacterial mechanisms in the blood may disseminate to cause organ-specific infections such as meningitis. Some E. coli K1 surface constituents, in particular the polysialic acid capsule, are known to contribute to invasive potential, but a comprehensive picture of the factors that determine the fully virulent phenotype has not emerged so far. We constructed a library and constituent sublibraries of ∼775,000 Tn5 transposon mutants of E. coli K1 strain A192PP and employed transposon-directed insertion site sequencing (TraDIS) to identify genes required for fitness for infection of 2-day-old rats. Transposon insertions were lacking in 357 genes following recovery on selective agar; these genes were considered essential for growth in nutrient-replete medium. Colonization of the midsection of the small intestine was facilitated by 167 E. coli K1 gene products. Restricted bacterial translocation across epithelial barriers precluded TraDIS analysis of gut-to-blood and blood-to-brain transits; 97 genes were required for survival in human serum. This study revealed that a large number of bacterial genes, many of which were not previously associated with systemic E. coli K1 infection, are required to realize full invasive potential. IMPORTANCEEscherichia coli K1 strains cause life-threatening infections in newborn infants. They are acquired from the mother at birth and colonize the small intestine, from where they invade the blood and central nervous system. It is difficult to obtain information from acutely ill patients that sheds light on physiological and bacterial factors determining invasive disease. Key aspects of naturally occurring age-dependent human infection can be reproduced in neonatal rats. Here, we employ transposon-directed insertion site sequencing to identify genes essential for the in vitro growth of E. coli K1 and genes that contribute to the colonization of susceptible rats. The presence of bottlenecks to invasion of the blood and cerebrospinal compartments precluded insertion site sequencing analysis, but we identified genes for survival in serum.
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Mahtal N, Brewee C, Pichard S, Visvikis O, Cintrat JC, Barbier J, Lemichez E, Gillet D. Screening of a Drug Library Identifies Inhibitors of Cell Intoxication by CNF1. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:754-761. [PMID: 29359495 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) is a toxin produced by pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli responsible for extra-intestinal infections. CNF1 deamidates Rac1, thereby triggering its permanent activation and worsening inflammatory reactions. Activated Rac1 is prone to proteasomal degradation. There is no targeted therapy against CNF1, despite its clinical relevance. In this work we developed a fluorescent cell-based immunoassay to screen for inhibitors of CNF1-induced Rac1 degradation among 1120 mostly approved drugs. Eleven compounds were found to prevent CNF1-induced Rac1 degradation, and five also showed a protective effect against CNF1-induced multinucleation. Finally, lasalocid, monensin, bepridil, and amodiaquine protected cells from both diphtheria toxin and CNF1 challenges. These data highlight the potential for drug repurposing to fight several bacterial infections and Rac1-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Mahtal
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France.,Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Clémence Brewee
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Sylvain Pichard
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Orane Visvikis
- INSERM U1065, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université de Nice, Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Cintrat
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Julien Barbier
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuel Lemichez
- INSERM U1065, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université de Nice, Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Daniel Gillet
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif/Yvette, France
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Ravelomanantsoa S, Vernière C, Rieux A, Costet L, Chiroleu F, Arribat S, Cellier G, Pruvost O, Poussier S, Robène I, Guérin F, Prior P. Molecular Epidemiology of Bacterial Wilt in the Madagascar Highlands Caused by Andean (Phylotype IIB-1) and African (Phylotype III) Brown Rot Strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 8:2258. [PMID: 29379515 PMCID: PMC5775269 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a highly diverse cluster of bacterial strains found worldwide, many of which are destructive and cause bacterial wilt (BW) in a wide range of host plants. In 2009, potato production in Madagascar was dramatically affected by several BW epidemics. Controlling this disease is critical for Malagasy potato producers. The first important step toward control is the characterization of strains and their putative origins. The genetic diversity and population structure of the RSSC were investigated in the major potato production areas of the Highlands. A large collection of strains (n = 1224) was assigned to RSSC phylotypes based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phylotypes I and III have been present in Madagascar for a long time but rarely associated with major potato BW outbreaks. The marked increase of BW prevalence was found associated with phylotype IIB sequevar 1 (IIB-1) strains (n = 879). This is the first report of phylotype IIB-1 strains in Madagascar. In addition to reference strains, epidemic IIB-1 strains (n = 255) were genotyped using the existing MultiLocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA) scheme RS2-MLVA9, producing 31 haplotypes separated into two related clonal complexes (CCs). One major CC included most of the worldwide haplotypes distributed across wide areas. A regional-scale investigation suggested that phylotype IIB-1 strains were introduced and massively spread via latently infected potato seed tubers. Additionally, the genetic structure of phylotype IIB-1 likely resulted from a bottleneck/founder effect. The population structure of phylotype III, described here for the first time in Madagascar, exhibited a different pattern. Phylotype III strains (n = 217) were genotyped using the highly discriminatory MLVA scheme RS3-MLVA16. High genetic diversity was uncovered, with 117 haplotypes grouped into 11 CCs. Malagasy phylotype III strains were highly differentiated from continental African strains, suggesting no recent migration from the continent. Overall, population structure of phylotype III involves individual small CCs that correlate to restricted geographic areas in Madagascar. The evidence suggests, if at all, that African phylotype III strains are not efficiently transmitted through latently infected potato seed tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santatra Ravelomanantsoa
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Christian Vernière
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrien Rieux
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Laurent Costet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Frédéric Chiroleu
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Sandrine Arribat
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Gilles Cellier
- Tropical Pests and Diseases Unit, Plant Health Laboratory, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Olivier Pruvost
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Stéphane Poussier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Isabelle Robène
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Fabien Guérin
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, University of Réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Philippe Prior
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint-Pierre, France
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Vila J, Sáez-López E, Johnson JR, Römling U, Dobrindt U, Cantón R, Giske CG, Naas T, Carattoli A, Martínez-Medina M, Bosch J, Retamar P, Rodríguez-Baño J, Baquero F, Soto SM. Escherichia coli: an old friend with new tidings. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 40:437-463. [PMID: 28201713 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most-studied microorganisms worldwide but its characteristics are continually changing. Extraintestinal E. coli infections, such as urinary tract infections and neonatal sepsis, represent a huge public health problem. They are caused mainly by specialized extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains that can innocuously colonize human hosts but can also cause disease upon entering a normally sterile body site. The virulence capability of such strains is determined by a combination of distinctive accessory traits, called virulence factors, in conjunction with their distinctive phylogenetic background. It is conceivable that by developing interventions against the most successful ExPEC lineages or their key virulence/colonization factors the associated burden of disease and health care costs could foreseeably be reduced in the future. On the other hand, one important problem worldwide is the increase of antimicrobial resistance shown by bacteria. As underscored in the last WHO global report, within a wide range of infectious agents including E. coli, antimicrobial resistance has reached an extremely worrisome situation that ‘threatens the achievements of modern medicine’. In the present review, an update of the knowledge about the pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and clinical aspects of this ‘old friend’ was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vila
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Sáez-López
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Johnson
- VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA, and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - U Römling
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - R Cantón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - C G Giske
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Naas
- Hôpital de Bicêtre, Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - A Carattoli
- Department of infectious, parasitic and immune-mediated diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Martínez-Medina
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - J Bosch
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Retamar
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J Rodríguez-Baño
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Baquero
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Soto
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Outbreak Caused by Escherichia coli O18: K1: H7 Sequence Type 95 in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Barcelona, Spain. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2017. [PMID: 28650938 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000001652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of late-onset neonatal sepsis. The aim of this study was to characterize an outbreak of neonatal sepsis occurring in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona from April to August 2013. METHODS After presentation of the index case, all E. coli isolates from previously hospitalized neonates, health-care workers and neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from April to October 2013 were tested for K1 antigen positivity and epidemiologically compared by pulse-field gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the E. coli K1 strains collected from neonates during this period were analyzed by different methods (serotyping, phylotyping, polymerase chain reaction of virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and "in vitro" assays in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMEC)). RESULTS An E. coli O18:K1:H7 sequence type 95 and phylogenetic group B2 strain was the cause of the outbreak involving 6 preterm neonates: 1 with late septicemia because of a urinary focus and 5 with late-onset septicemia and meningitis, 3 of whom died. All showed the same pulsotype, full resistance to ampicillin and intermediate resistance to gentamicin. The outbreak strain carried the pathogenicity island (PAI) IIJ96-like domain that could explain the high-grade bacteremia necessary to develop meningitis. CONCLUSIONS All the E. coli isolates responsible for this outbreak belonged to a single clone suggesting a common source of infection, and it was categorized as O18:K1:H7. Despite the bacteria's pathogenicity has an important role in the severity of infection, the host-associated factors were crucial for the fatal outcomes.
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Loh LN, McCarthy EMC, Narang P, Khan NA, Ward TH. Escherichia coli K1 utilizes host macropinocytic pathways for invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells. Traffic 2017; 18:733-746. [PMID: 28799243 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells utilize multiple endocytic pathways for specific uptake of ligands or molecules, and these pathways are commonly hijacked by pathogens to enable host cell invasion. Escherichia coli K1, a pathogenic bacterium that causes neonatal meningitis, invades the endothelium of the blood-brain barrier, but the entry route remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the bacteria trigger an actin-mediated uptake route, stimulating fluid phase uptake, membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis. The route of uptake requires intact lipid rafts as shown by cholesterol depletion. Using a variety of perturbants we demonstrate that small Rho GTPases and their downstream effectors have a significant effect on bacterial invasion. Furthermore, clathrin-mediated endocytosis appears to play an indirect role in E. coli K1 uptake. The data suggest that the bacteria effect a complex interplay between the Rho GTPases to increase their chances of uptake by macropinocytosis into human brain microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lip Nam Loh
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth M C McCarthy
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Priyanka Narang
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Naveed A Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Theresa H Ward
- Department of Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Genome sequence of lung pathogenic Escherichia coli O78, a chimeric strain isolated from pneumonia forest musk deer. Genes Genomics 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kasuya K, Shimokubo N, Kosuge C, Takayama K, Yoshida E, Osaka H. Three Cases ofEscherichia coliMeningitis in Chicks Imported to Japan. Avian Dis 2017; 61:135-138. [DOI: 10.1637/11443-060716-case] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Kasuya
- Pathological and Physiochemical Examination Division, Laboratory Department, Animal Quarantine Service, 11–1 Haramachi, Isogo, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235–0008, Japan
| | - Natsumi Shimokubo
- Pathological and Physiochemical Examination Division, Laboratory Department, Animal Quarantine Service, 11–1 Haramachi, Isogo, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235–0008, Japan
| | - Chieko Kosuge
- Pathological and Physiochemical Examination Division, Laboratory Department, Animal Quarantine Service, 11–1 Haramachi, Isogo, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235–0008, Japan
| | - Kou Takayama
- Microbiological Examination Division, Laboratory Department, Animal Quarantine Service, 11–1 Haramachi, Isogo, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235–0008, Japan
| | - Eiji Yoshida
- Kagoshima Airport Moji Sub-Branch, Animal Quarantine Service, 1590-5 Kareigawa, Hayatocho, Kirishima, Kagoshima 899–5113, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osaka
- Exotic Disease Inspection Division, Laboratory Department, Animal Quarantine Service, Chubu Diagnostic Center, 1-2 Centrair, Tokoname, Aichi 479–0881, Japan
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Chang AC, Krishnan S, Prasadarao NV. The effects of cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 expression in the uptake of Escherichia coli K1 by macrophages and the onset of meningitis in newborn mice. Virulence 2016; 7:806-18. [PMID: 27221788 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1192730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a permissive niche for E. coli K1 multiplication for which the interaction of the bacterial outer membrane protein A and its cognate receptor CD64 are critical. Using in vitro immunofluorescence and live microscopy with ex vivo macrophage cultures from RFP-Lifeact mice, we show that cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) secreted by E. coli K1 sequesters cellular actin toward microspike formation, thereby limiting actin availability for OmpA-mediated bacterial invasion. Surprisingly, the observed effects of CNF1 occur despite the absence of 67-kDa laminin receptor in macrophages. Concomitantly, the CNF1 deletion mutant of E. coli K1 (Δcnf1) invades macrophages and the brains of newborn mice in greater numbers compared to wild-type. However, the Δcnf1 strain induces less severe pathology in the brain. These results suggest a novel role for CNF1 in limiting E. coli K1 entry into macrophages while exacerbating disease severity in the brains of newborn mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Chang
- a Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Pediatrics , Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Subramanian Krishnan
- a Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Pediatrics , Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Nemani V Prasadarao
- a Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Pediatrics , Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Department of Surgery , Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Keck School of Medicine , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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Mahboubi M, Kazempour N. The Antibacterial Activity of Satureja khuzestanica Essential Oil Against Clinical Isolates of E. coli. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-30034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Witcomb LA, Collins JW, McCarthy AJ, Frankel G, Taylor PW. Bioluminescent imaging reveals novel patterns of colonization and invasion in systemic Escherichia coli K1 experimental infection in the neonatal rat. Infect Immun 2015; 83:4528-40. [PMID: 26351276 PMCID: PMC4645386 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00953-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Key features of Escherichia coli K1-mediated neonatal sepsis and meningitis, such as a strong age dependency and development along the gut-mesentery-blood-brain course of infection, can be replicated in the newborn rat. We examined temporal and spatial aspects of E. coli K1 infection following initiation of gastrointestinal colonization in 2-day-old (P2) rats after oral administration of E. coli K1 strain A192PP and a virulent bioluminescent derivative, E. coli A192PP-lux2. A combination of bacterial enumeration in the major organs, two-dimensional bioluminescence imaging, and three-dimensional diffuse light imaging tomography with integrated micro-computed tomography indicated multiple sites of colonization within the alimentary canal; these included the tongue, esophagus, and stomach in addition to the small intestine and colon. After invasion of the blood compartment, the bacteria entered the central nervous system, with restricted colonization of the brain, and also invaded the major organs, in line with increases in the severity of symptoms of infection. Both keratinized and nonkeratinized surfaces of esophagi were colonized to a considerably greater extent in susceptible P2 neonates than in corresponding tissues from infection-resistant 9-day-old rat pups; the bacteria appeared to damage and penetrate the nonkeratinized esophageal epithelium of infection-susceptible P2 animals, suggesting the esophagus represents a portal of entry for E. coli K1 into the systemic circulation. Thus, multimodality imaging of experimental systemic infections in real time indicates complex dynamic patterns of colonization and dissemination that provide new insights into the E. coli K1 infection of the neonatal rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luci A Witcomb
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - James W Collins
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex J McCarthy
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gadi Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Taylor
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
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Alkeskas A, Ogrodzki P, Saad M, Masood N, Rhoma NR, Moore K, Farbos A, Paszkiewicz K, Forsythe S. The molecular characterisation of Escherichia coli K1 isolated from neonatal nasogastric feeding tubes. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:449. [PMID: 26497222 PMCID: PMC4620641 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-1210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common cause of Gram-negative bacterial neonatal meningitis is E. coli K1. It has a mortality rate of 10-15 %, and neurological sequelae in 30-50 % of cases. Infections can be attributable to nosocomial sources, however the pre-colonisation of enteral feeding tubes has not been considered as a specific risk factor. METHODS Thirty E. coli strains, which had been isolated in an earlier study, from the residual lumen liquid and biofilms of neonatal nasogastric feeding tubes were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and 7-loci multilocus sequence typing. Potential pathogenicity and biofilm associated traits were determined using specific PCR probes, genome analysis, and in vitro tissue culture assays. RESULTS The E. coli strains clustered into five pulsotypes, which were genotyped as sequence types (ST) 95, 73, 127, 394 and 2076 (Achman scheme). The extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) phylogenetic group B2 ST95 serotype O1:K1:NM strains had been isolated over a 2 week period from 11 neonates who were on different feeding regimes. The E. coli K1 ST95 strains encoded for various virulence traits associated with neonatal meningitis and extracellular matrix formation. These strains attached and invaded intestinal, and both human and rat brain cell lines, and persisted for 48 h in U937 macrophages. E. coli STs 73, 394 and 2076 also persisted in macrophages and invaded Caco-2 and human brain cells, but only ST394 invaded rat brain cells. E. coli ST127 was notable as it did not invade any cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Routes by which E. coli K1 can be disseminated within a neonatal intensive care unit are uncertain, however the colonisation of neonatal enteral feeding tubes may be one reservoir source which could constitute a serious health risk to neonates following ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldukali Alkeskas
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Pauline Ogrodzki
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Mohamed Saad
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Naqash Masood
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Nasreddin R Rhoma
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | - Karen Moore
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Audrey Farbos
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Konrad Paszkiewicz
- Wellcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Biosciences, Stocker Road, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Stephen Forsythe
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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Wijetunge DSS, Gongati S, DebRoy C, Kim KS, Couraud PO, Romero IA, Weksler B, Kariyawasam S. Characterizing the pathotype of neonatal meningitis causing Escherichia coli (NMEC). BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:211. [PMID: 26467858 PMCID: PMC4606507 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neonatal meningitis-causing Escherichia coli (NMEC) is the predominant Gram-negative bacterial pathogen associated with meningitis in newborn infants. High levels of heterogeneity and diversity have been observed in the repertoire of virulence traits and other characteristics among strains of NMEC making it difficult to define the NMEC pathotype. The objective of the present study was to identify genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of NMEC that can be used to distinguish them from commensal E. coli. Methods A total of 53 isolates of NMEC obtained from neonates with meningitis and 48 isolates of fecal E. coli obtained from healthy individuals (HFEC) were comparatively evaluated using five phenotypic (serotyping, serum bactericidal assay, biofilm assay, antimicorbial susceptibility testing, and in vitro cell invasion assay) and three genotypic (phylogrouping, virulence genotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) methods. Results A majority (67.92 %) of NMEC belonged to B2 phylogenetic group whereas 59 % of HFEC belonged to groups A and D. Serotyping revealed that the most common O and H types present in NMEC tested were O1 (15 %), O8 (11.3 %), O18 (13.2 %), and H7 (25.3 %). In contrast, none of the HFEC tested belonged to O1 or O18 serogroups. The most common serogroup identified in HFEC was O8 (6.25 %). The virulence genotyping reflected that more than 70 % of NMEC carried kpsII, K1, neuC, iucC, sitA, and vat genes with only less than 27 % of HFEC possessing these genes. All NMEC and 79 % of HFEC tested were able to invade human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. No statistically significant difference was observed in the serum resistance phenotype between NMEC and HFEC. The NMEC strains demonstrated a greater ability to form biofilms in Luria Bertani broth medium than did HFEC (79.2 % vs 39.9 %). Conclusion The results of our study demonstrated that virulence genotyping and phylogrouping may assist in defining the potential NMEC pathotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0547-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S S Wijetunge
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Bldg, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - S Gongati
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Bldg, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - C DebRoy
- E. coli Reference Center, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - K S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - P O Couraud
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - I A Romero
- Department of Biological Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
| | - B Weksler
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, New York, USA.
| | - S Kariyawasam
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 115 Henning Bldg, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA. .,Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Kumar S, Mondal KK. Visual detection of Escherichia coli contamination in milk and fruit juice using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fulde M, Hornef MW. Maturation of the enteric mucosal innate immune system during the postnatal period. Immunol Rev 2015; 260:21-34. [PMID: 24942679 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune system instructs the host on microbial exposure and infection. This information is critical to mount a protective innate and adaptive host response to microbial challenge, but is also involved in homeostatic and adaptive processes that adjust the organism to meet environmental requirements. This is of particular importance for the neonatal host during the transition from the protected fetal life to the intense and dynamic postnatal interaction with commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Here, we discuss both adaptive and developmental mechanisms of the mucosal innate immune system that prevent inappropriate stimulation and facilitate establishment of a stable homeostatic host-microbial interaction after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Fulde
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Interactions of neuropathogenic Escherichia coli K1 (RS218) and its derivatives lacking genomic islands with phagocytic Acanthamoeba castellanii and nonphagocytic brain endothelial cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:265424. [PMID: 24818136 PMCID: PMC4004053 DOI: 10.1155/2014/265424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Here we determined the role of various genomic islands in E. coli K1 interactions with phagocytic A. castellanii and nonphagocytic brain microvascular endothelial cells. The findings revealed that the genomic islands deletion mutants of RS218 related to toxins (peptide toxin, α-hemolysin), adhesins (P fimbriae, F17-like fimbriae, nonfimbrial adhesins, Hek, and hemagglutinin), protein secretion system (T1SS for hemolysin), invasins (IbeA, CNF1), metabolism (D-serine catabolism, dihydroxyacetone, glycerol, and glyoxylate metabolism) showed reduced interactions with both A. castellanii and brain microvascular endothelial cells. Interestingly, the deletion of RS218-derived genomic island 21 containing adhesins (P fimbriae, F17-like fimbriae, nonfimbrial adhesins, Hek, and hemagglutinin), protein secretion system (T1SS for hemolysin), invasins (CNF1), metabolism (D-serine catabolism) abolished E. coli K1-mediated HBMEC cytotoxicity in a CNF1-independent manner. Therefore, the characterization of these genomic islands should reveal mechanisms of evolutionary gain for E. coli K1 pathogenicity.
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Distribution of strain type and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates causing meningitis in a large urban setting in Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:1418-22. [PMID: 24523478 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03104-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of meningitis caused by Escherichia coli is greatly complicated when the organism becomes resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics. We sought to characterize the antimicrobial susceptibilities, sequence types (ST), and presence of known drug resistance genes of E. coli isolates that caused meningitis between 1996 and 2011 in Salvador, Brazil. We then compared these findings to those for E. coli isolates from community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) that occurred during the same time period and in the same city. We found that 19% of E. coli isolates from cases of meningitis and less than 1% of isolates from UTI were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. The sequence types of E. coli isolates from cases of meningitis included ST131, ST69, ST405, and ST62, which were also found among isolates from UTI. Additionally, among the E. coli isolates that were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, we found genes that encode the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases CTX-M-2, CTX-M-14, and CTX-M-15. These observations demonstrate that compared to E. coli strains isolated from cases of community-acquired UTI, those isolated from cases of meningitis are more resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, even though the same sequence types are shared between the two forms of extraintestinal infections.
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The role of the bacterial flagellum in adhesion and virulence. BIOLOGY 2013; 2:1242-67. [PMID: 24833223 PMCID: PMC4009794 DOI: 10.3390/biology2041242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial flagellum is a complex apparatus assembled of more than 20 different proteins. The flagellar basal body traverses the cell wall, whereas the curved hook connects the basal body to the whip-like flagellar filament that protrudes several µm from the bacterial cell. The flagellum has traditionally been regarded only as a motility organelle, but more recently it has become evident that flagella have a number of other biological functions. The major subunit, flagellin or FliC, of the flagellum plays a well-documented role in innate immunity and as a dominant antigen of the adaptive immune response. Importantly, flagella have also been reported to function as adhesins. Whole flagella have been indicated as significant in bacterial adhesion to and invasion into host cells. In various pathogens, e.g., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostridium difficile, flagellin and/or the distally located flagellar cap protein have been reported to function as adhesins. Recently, FliC of Shiga-toxigenic E. coli was shown to be involved in cellular invasion via lipid rafts. Here, we examine the latest or most important findings regarding flagellar adhesive and invasive properties, especially focusing on the flagellum as a potential virulence factor.
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Diallo AA, Brugère H, Kérourédan M, Dupouy V, Toutain PL, Bousquet-Mélou A, Oswald E, Bibbal D. Persistence and prevalence of pathogenic and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in municipal wastewater treatment plant receiving slaughterhouse wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:4719-4729. [PMID: 23774186 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We compared the prevalence of pathogenic and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli in effluents of a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) receiving wastewater from a slaughterhouse. A total of 1248 isolates were screened for the presence of virulence genes associated with enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (stx1, stx2, and eae) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) (sfa/focDE, kpsMT K1, hlyA, papEF, afa/draBC, clbN, f17A and cnf). The prevalence of atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) was 0.7%, 0.2% and 0.5% in city wastewater, slaughterhouse wastewater and in the treated effluent, respectively. One stx1a and stx2b-positive E. coli isolate was detected in city wastewater. The prevalence of ExPEC was significantly higher in city wastewater (8.4%), compared to slaughterhouse wastewater (1.2%). Treatment in the WWTP did not significantly impact the prevalence of ExPEC in the outlet effluent (5.0%) compared to city wastewater. Moreover, the most potentially pathogenic ExPEC were isolated from city wastewater and from the treated effluent. ESBL-producing E. coli was also mainly detected in city wastewater (1.7%), compared to slaughterhouse wastewater (0.2%), and treated effluent (0.2%). One ESBL-producing E. coli, isolated from city wastewater, was eae-β1 positive. These results showed that pathogenic and/or ESBL-producing E. coli were mainly detected in human wastewater, and at a lesser extend in animal wastewater. Treatment failed to eliminate these strains which were discharged into the river, and then these strains could be transmitted to animals and humans via the environment.
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Mellata M. Human and avian extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli: infections, zoonotic risks, and antibiotic resistance trends. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2013; 10:916-32. [PMID: 23962019 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) constitutes ongoing health concerns for women, newborns, elderly, and immunocompromised individuals due to increased numbers of urinary tract infections (UTIs), newborn meningitis, abdominal sepsis, and septicemia. E. coli remains the leading cause of UTIs, with recent investigations reporting the emergence of E. coli as the predominant cause of nosocomial and neonatal sepsis infections. This shift from the traditional Gram-positive bacterial causes of nosocomial and neonatal sepsis infections could be attributed to the use of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis against Gram-positive bacteria and the appearance of antibiotic (ATB) resistance in E. coli. While ExPEC strains cause significant healthcare concerns, these bacteria also infect chickens and cause the poultry industry economic losses due to costs of containment, mortality, and disposal of carcasses. To circumvent ExPEC-related costs, ATBs are commonly used in the poultry industry to prevent/treat microbial infections and promote growth and performance. In an unfortunate linkage, chicken products are suspected to be a source of foodborne ExPEC infections and ATB resistance in humans. Therefore, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) (resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents) among avian E. coli has created major economic and health concerns, affecting both human healthcare and poultry industries. Increased numbers of immunocompromised individuals, including the elderly, coupled with MDR among ExPEC strains, will continue to challenge the treatment of ExPEC infections and likely lead to increased treatment costs. With ongoing complications due to emerging ATB resistance, novel treatment strategies are necessary to control ExPEC infections. Recognizing and treating the zoonotic risk posed by ExPEC would greatly enhance food safety and positively impact human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melha Mellata
- The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona
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