1
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Zhai M, Wu P, Liao Y, Wu L, Zhao Y. Polymer Microspheres and Their Application in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6556. [PMID: 38928262 PMCID: PMC11204375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global public health issue with increasing morbidity and mortality rates. To address this challenge, novel drug carriers such as nano-materials, liposomes, hydrogels, fibers, and microspheres have been extensively researched and utilized in oncology. Among them, polymer microspheres are gaining popularity due to their ease of preparation, excellent performance, biocompatibility, and drug-release capabilities. This paper categorizes commonly used materials for polymer microsphere preparation, summarizes various preparation methods (emulsification, phase separation, spray drying, electrospray, microfluidics, and membrane emulsification), and reviews the applications of polymer microspheres in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and postoperative care. The current status and future development directions of polymer microspheres in cancer treatment are analyzed, highlighting their importance and potential for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (M.Z.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.W.)
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2
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Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Sharma H, Bhaskar R, Han SS, Sinha JK. Harnessing the power of biological macromolecules in hydrogels for controlled drug release in the central nervous system: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127708. [PMID: 37923043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have immense potential in revolutionizing central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery, improving outcomes for neurological disorders. They serve as promising tools for controlled drug delivery to the CNS. Available hydrogel types include natural macromolecules (e.g., chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate), as well as hybrid hydrogels combining natural and synthetic polymers. Each type offers distinct advantages in terms of biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and drug release kinetics. Design and engineering considerations encompass hydrogel composition, crosslinking density, porosity, and strategies for targeted drug delivery. The review emphasizes factors affecting drug release profiles, such as hydrogel properties and formulation parameters. CNS drug delivery applications of hydrogels span a wide range of therapeutics, including small molecules, proteins and peptides, and nucleic acids. However, challenges like limited biodegradability, clearance, and effective CNS delivery persist. Incorporating 3D bioprinting technology with hydrogel-based CNS drug delivery holds the promise of highly personalized and precisely controlled therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders. The review explores emerging technologies like 3D bioprinting and nanotechnology as opportunities for enhanced precision and effectiveness in hydrogel-based CNS drug delivery. Continued research, collaboration, and technological advancements are vital for translating hydrogel-based therapies into clinical practice, benefiting patients with CNS disorders. This comprehensive review article delves into hydrogels for CNS drug delivery, addressing their types, design principles, applications, challenges, and opportunities for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India; ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Hitaishi Sharma
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Hanaki A, Ogawa K, Tagami T, Ozeki T. Fabrication and Characterization of Antibody-Loaded Cationic Porous PLGA Microparticles for Sustained Antibody Release. AAPS J 2023; 25:92. [PMID: 37740072 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-023-00859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles have been formulated to allow the sustained release of numerous drugs, including antibodies. It is well-known that antibodies are susceptible to chemical and physical stress; therefore, it is necessary to be loaded on PLGA microparticles under mild conditions. In the present study, we constructed cationic porous PLGA microparticles that could be electrostatically adsorbed with infliximab as a model antibody. Cationic porous PLGA microparticles were prepared using the double emulsion method by adding polyethyleneimine and ammonium bicarbonate. After antibody loading, surface pores closure was achieved by mild heating. The size of the optimized formulation was approximately 5 μm, exhibiting a positive charge. The loaded antibody was gradually released from the formulation over 56 days. Based on a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition assay, the released infliximab maintained its pharmacological activity. Collectively, we successfully loaded antibodies into PLGA microparticles while maintaining activity and demonstrating long-acting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Hanaki
- Drug Delivery and Nano Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Koki Ogawa
- Drug Delivery and Nano Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tagami
- Drug Delivery and Nano Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ozeki
- Drug Delivery and Nano Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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4
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Godau B, Samimi S, Seyfoori A, Samiei E, Khani T, Naserzadeh P, Najafabadi AH, Lesha E, Majidzadeh-A K, Ashtari B, Charest G, Morin C, Fortin D, Akbari M. A Drug-Eluting Injectable NanoGel for Localized Delivery of Anticancer Drugs to Solid Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2255. [PMID: 37765224 PMCID: PMC10534730 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemically administered chemotherapy reduces the efficiency of the anticancer agent at the target tumor tissue and results in distributed drug to non-target organs, inducing negative side effects commonly associated with chemotherapy and necessitating repeated administration. Injectable hydrogels present themselves as a potential platform for non-invasive local delivery vehicles that can serve as a slow-releasing drug depot that fills tumor vasculature, tissue, or resection cavities. Herein, we have systematically formulated and tested an injectable shear-thinning hydrogel (STH) with a highly manipulable release profile for delivering doxorubicin, a common chemotherapeutic. By detailed characterization of the STH physical properties and degradation and release dynamics, we selected top candidates for testing in cancer models of increasing biomimicry. Two-dimensional cell culture, tumor-on-a-chip, and small animal models were used to demonstrate the high anticancer potential and reduced systemic toxicity of the STH that exhibits long-term (up to 80 days) doxorubicin release profiles for treatment of breast cancer and glioblastoma. The drug-loaded STH injected into tumor tissue was shown to increase overall survival in breast tumor- and glioblastoma-bearing animal models by 50% for 22 days and 25% for 52 days, respectively, showing high potential for localized, less frequent treatment of oncologic disease with reduced dosage requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Godau
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Sadaf Samimi
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Ehsan Samiei
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Tahereh Khani
- Preclinical Lab., Core Facility, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417755354, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Naserzadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 88945173, Iran
| | | | - Emal Lesha
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No. 146, South Gandhi Ave., Vanak Sq., P.O. BOX 1517964311, Tehran 1684613114, Iran
| | - Behnaz Ashtari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advance Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Gabriel Charest
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada (C.M.); (D.F.)
| | - Christophe Morin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada (C.M.); (D.F.)
| | - David Fortin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada (C.M.); (D.F.)
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovations, Los Angeles, CA 90050, USA;
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5
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Padmakumar S, Amiji MM. Long-Acting Therapeutic Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Gliomas. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114853. [PMID: 37149040 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the emergence of cutting-edge therapeutic strategies and tremendous progress in research, a complete cure of glioma remains elusive. The heterogenous nature of tumor, immunosuppressive state and presence of blood brain barrier are few of the major obstacles in this regard. Long-acting depot formulations such as injectables and implantables are gaining attention for drug delivery to brain owing to their ease in administration and ability to elute drug locally for extended durations in a controlled manner with minimal toxicity. Hybrid matrices fabricated by incorporating nanoparticulates within such systems help to enhance pharmaceutical advantages. Utilization of long-acting depots as monotherapy or in conjunction with existing strategies rendered significant survival benefits in many preclinical studies and some clinical trials. The discovery of novel targets, immunotherapeutic strategies and alternative drug administration routes are now coupled with several long-acting systems with an ultimate aim to enhance patient survival and prevent glioma recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Padmakumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115.
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6
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Niemczyk-Soczynska B, Kolbuk D, Mikulowski G, Ciechomska IA, Sajkiewicz P. Methylcellulose/agarose hydrogel loaded with short electrospun PLLA/laminin fibers as an injectable scaffold for tissue engineering/3D cell culture model for tumour therapies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11889-11902. [PMID: 37077262 PMCID: PMC10107725 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00851g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed at designing and fabricating a smart thermosensitive injectable methylcellulose/agarose hydrogel system loaded with short electrospun bioactive PLLA/laminin fibers as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications or 3D cell culture models. Considering ECM-mimicking morphology and chemical composition, such a scaffold is capable of ensuring a hospitable environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Its viscoelastic properties are beneficial from the practical perspective of minimally invasive materials that are introduced to the body via injection. Viscosity studies showed the shear-thinning character of MC/AGR hydrogels enabling the potential injection ability of highly viscous materials. Injectability tests showed that by tuning the injection rate, even a high amount of short fibers loaded inside of hydrogel could be efficiently injected into the tissue. Biological studies showed the non-toxic character of composite material with excellent viability, attachment, spreading, and proliferation of fibroblasts and glioma cells. These findings indicate that MC/AGR hydrogel loaded with short PLLA/laminin fibers is a promising biomaterial for both tissue engineering applications and 3D tumor culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Niemczyk-Soczynska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Pawinskiego 5b St. 02-106 Warsaw Poland
| | - Dorota Kolbuk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Pawinskiego 5b St. 02-106 Warsaw Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mikulowski
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Pawinskiego 5b St. 02-106 Warsaw Poland
| | - Iwona A Ciechomska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS 3 Pasteur Street 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Pawel Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Pawinskiego 5b St. 02-106 Warsaw Poland
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7
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Shahjin F, Patel M, Hasan M, Cohen JD, Islam F, Ashaduzzaman M, Nayan MU, Subramaniam M, Zhou Y, Andreu I, Gendelman HE, Kevadiya BD. Development of a porous layer-by-layer microsphere with branched aliphatic hydrocarbon porogens. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 48:102644. [PMID: 36549555 PMCID: PMC10460474 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Porous polymer microspheres are employed in biotherapeutics, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Porosity dictates cargo carriage and release that are aligned with the polymer physicochemical properties. These include material tuning, biodegradation, and cargo encapsulation. How uniformity of pore size affects therapeutic delivery remains an area of active investigation. Herein, we characterize six branched aliphatic hydrocarbon-based porogen(s) produced to create pores in single and multilayered microspheres. The porogens are composed of biocompatible polycaprolactone, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and polylactic acid polymers within porous multilayered microspheres. These serve as controlled effective drug and vaccine delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Shahjin
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Milankumar Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jacob D Cohen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Farhana Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Md Ashaduzzaman
- Computer Science, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mohammad Ullah Nayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - You Zhou
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Irene Andreu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Bhavesh D Kevadiya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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8
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Glass Transition Temperature of PLGA Particles and the Influence on Drug Delivery Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050993. [PMID: 35267816 PMCID: PMC8912735 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based nano- and micro- drug delivery vehicles have been rapidly developed since PLGA was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Common factors that influence PLGA particle properties have been extensively studied by researchers, such as particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), surface morphology, zeta potential, and drug loading efficiency. These properties have all been found to be key factors for determining the drug release kinetics of the drug delivery particles. For drug delivery applications the drug release behavior is a critical property, and PLGA drug delivery systems are still plagued with the issue of burst release when a large portion of the drug is suddenly released from the particle rather than the controlled release the particles are designed for. Other properties of the particles can play a role in the drug release behavior, such as the glass transition temperature (Tg). The Tg, however, is an underreported property of current PLGA based drug delivery systems. This review summarizes the basic knowledge of the glass transition temperature in PLGA particles, the factors that influence the Tg, the effect of Tg on drug release behavior, and presents the recent awareness of the influence of Tg on drug delivery applications.
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9
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Design of Biopolymer-Based Interstitial Therapies for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313160. [PMID: 34884965 PMCID: PMC8658694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form of primary brain cancer and has the highest morbidity rate and current treatments result in a bleak 5-year survival rate of 5.6%. Interstitial therapy is one option to increase survival. Drug delivery by interstitial therapy most commonly makes use of a polymer implant encapsulating a drug which releases as the polymer degrades. Interstitial therapy has been extensively studied as a treatment option for GBM as it provides several advantages over systemic administration of chemotherapeutics. Primarily, it can be applied behind the blood–brain barrier, increasing the number of possible chemotherapeutic candidates that can be used and reducing systemic levels of the therapy while concentrating it near the cancer source. With interstitial therapy, multiple drugs can be released locally into the brain at the site of resection as the polymer of the implant degrades, and the release profile of these drugs can be tailored to optimize combination therapy or maintain synergistic ratios. This can bypass the blood–brain barrier, alleviate systemic toxicity, and resolve drug resistance in the tumor. However, tailoring drug release requires appropriate consideration of the complex relationship between the drug, polymer, and formulation method. Drug physicochemical properties can result in intermolecular bonding with the polymeric matrix and affect drug distribution in the implant depending on the formulation method used. This review is focused on current works that have applied interstitial therapy towards GBM, discusses polymer and formulation methods, and provides design considerations for future implantable biodegradable materials.
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Hydrogel, Electrospun and Composite Materials for Bone/Cartilage and Neural Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226899. [PMID: 34832300 PMCID: PMC8624846 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Injuries of the bone/cartilage and central nervous system are still a serious socio-economic problem. They are an effect of diversified, difficult-to-access tissue structures as well as complex regeneration mechanisms. Currently, commercially available materials partially solve this problem, but they do not fulfill all of the bone/cartilage and neural tissue engineering requirements such as mechanical properties, biochemical cues or adequate biodegradation. There are still many things to do to provide complete restoration of injured tissues. Recent reports in bone/cartilage and neural tissue engineering give high hopes in designing scaffolds for complete tissue regeneration. This review thoroughly discusses the advantages and disadvantages of currently available commercial scaffolds and sheds new light on the designing of novel polymeric scaffolds composed of hydrogels, electrospun nanofibers, or hydrogels loaded with nano-additives.
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11
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Moshiri M, Mehmannavaz F, Hashemi M, Yazdian-Robati R, Shabazi N, Etemad L. Evaluation of the efficiency of simvastatin loaded PLGA nanoparticles against acute paraquat-intoxicated rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 168:106053. [PMID: 34728365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we reported a novel nanotherapeutic platform for paraquat (PQ)-induced acute lung injury in animal models using simvastatin (SV) loaded into Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). In this way, Male Wistar rats orally received PQ (120 mg / kg) plus saline, SV (20 mg / kg) or PLGA-SV NPs containing 5, 10 and 20 mg SV/ kg. The levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and glutathione content were evaluated. In addition, the pathological changes in the lung were monitored. Our results indicated that PQ (120 mg/kg) significantly reduced the body weight of rats compared to the control group. The most decrease in the level of inflammatory cytokines, bleeding, alveolar destruction as well as lymphocytic infiltration in the lung was observed at group treated with PLGA-SV NPs (10 mg). Free SV (20 mg) as well as PLGA-SV NPs (5 mg) modulated the inflammatory factors and glutathione content, however, they could not prevent tissue damage of PQ. Interestingly, PLGA-SV NPs (20 mg) could not improve the PQ- induced pulmonary damage. In conclusion, PLGA-SV NPs (10 mg) attenuated PQ-induced lung injury. The underlying mechanism may be relevant to increasing glutathione levels and inhibition of the production of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moshiri
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Mehmannavaz
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- Molecular and Cell biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Niosha Shabazi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Injectable Composite Systems Based on Microparticles in Hydrogels for Bioactive Cargo Controlled Delivery. Gels 2021; 7:gels7030147. [PMID: 34563033 PMCID: PMC8482158 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering drug delivery systems (DDS) aim to release bioactive cargo to a specific site within the human body safely and efficiently. Hydrogels have been used as delivery matrices in different studies due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility in biomedical purposes. Microparticles have also been used as drug delivery systems for similar reasons. The combination of microparticles and hydrogels in a composite system has been the topic of many research works. These composite systems can be injected in loco as DDS. The hydrogel will serve as a barrier to protect the particles and retard the release of any bioactive cargo within the particles. Additionally, these systems allow different release profiles, where different loads can be released sequentially, thus allowing a synergistic treatment. The reported advantages from several studies of these systems can be of great use in biomedicine for the development of more effective DDS. This review will focus on in situ injectable microparticles in hydrogel composite DDS for biomedical purposes, where a compilation of different studies will be analysed and reported herein.
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13
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Su Y, Zhang B, Sun R, Liu W, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen C. PLGA-based biodegradable microspheres in drug delivery: recent advances in research and application. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1397-1418. [PMID: 34184949 PMCID: PMC8248937 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1938756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable microspheres have been widely used in the field of medicine due to their ability to deliver drug molecules of various properties through multiple pathways and their advantages of low dose and low side effects. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) is one of the most widely used biodegradable material currently and has good biocompatibility. In application, PLGA with a specific monomer ratio (lactic acid and glycolic acid) can be selected according to the properties of drug molecules and the requirements of the drug release rate. PLGA-based biodegradable microspheres have been studied in the field of drug delivery, including the delivery of various anticancer drugs, protein or peptide drugs, bacterial or viral DNA, etc. This review describes the basic knowledge and current situation of PLGA biodegradable microspheres and discusses the selection of PLGA polymer materials. Then, the preparation methods of PLGA microspheres are introduced, including emulsification, microfluidic technology, electrospray, and spray drying. Finally, this review summarizes the application of PLGA microspheres in drug delivery and the treatment of pulmonary and ocular-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bolun Zhang
- Hunan Zaochen Nanorobot Co., Ltd, Liuyang, China
| | - Ruowei Sun
- Hunan Zaochen Nanorobot Co., Ltd, Liuyang, China
| | - Wenfang Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Hunan Zaochen Nanorobot Co., Ltd, Liuyang, China
| | | | - Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Tran K, Brice R, Yao L. Bioscaffold-based study of glioblastoma cell behavior and drug delivery for tumor therapy. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105049. [PMID: 33945833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a severe form of brain cancer with an average five-year survival rate of 6.7%. Current treatment strategies include surgical resection of the tumor area and lining the lesion site with therapeutics, which offer only a moderate impact on increasing survival rates. Drug-testing models based on the monolayer cell culture method may partially explain the lack of advancement in effective GBM treatment, because this model is limited in its ability to show heterogeneous cell-cell and cell-environment interactions as tumor cells in the in vivo state. The development of bioscaffold-based culture models is an important improvement in GBM research, preclinical trials, and targeted drug testing, through better mimicking of the heterogeneity of tumor environmental conditions. A major hurdle towards better GBM outcomes is in delivering medication across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which normally prevents the crossing of materials into the treatment site. The delivery of therapeutics using bioscaffolds is a potential means of overcoming the BBB and could potentially facilitate long-lasting drug release. A number of natural and synthetic materials have been studied for their biodegradability, toxicity, distribution, and pharmaceutical stability, which are needed to determine the overall effectiveness and safety of glioblastoma treatment. This review summarizes advancements in the research of bioscaffold-based GBM cell growth systems and the potential of using bioscaffolds as a carrier for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmy Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
| | - Ryan Brice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA.
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15
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Erthal LCS, Gobbo OL, Ruiz-Hernandez E. Biocompatible copolymer formulations to treat glioblastoma multiforme. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:89-102. [PMID: 33227487 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has not changed for more than 20 years while the prognosis for the patients is still poor and most of them survive less than 1 year after diagnosis. The standard of care for GBM is comprised of surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and oral chemotherapy with temozolomide. The placement of carmustine wafers in the brain after tumour removal is added in cases of recurrent glioma. Significant research is underway to improve the GBM therapy outcome and patient quality of life. Biomaterials are in the front line of the research focus for new treatment options. Specially, biocompatible polymers have been proposed in hydrogel-based formulations aiming at injectable and localized therapies. These formulations can comprise many different pharmacological agents such as chemotherapeutic drugs, nanoparticles, cells, nucleic acids, and diagnostic agents. In this manuscript, we review the most recent formulations developed and tested both in vitro and in vivo using different types of hydrogels. Firstly, we describe three common types of thermo-responsive polymers addressing the advantages and drawbacks of their formulations. Then, we focus on formulations specifically developed for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza C S Erthal
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Oliviero L Gobbo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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16
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Bellotti E, Schilling AL, Little SR, Decuzzi P. Injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels as drug delivery system for the treatment of central nervous system disorders: A review. J Control Release 2021; 329:16-35. [PMID: 33259851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and retina, superintends to the acquisition, integration and processing of peripheral information to properly coordinate the activities of the whole body. Neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, trauma, stroke, and brain tumors can dramatically affect CNS functions resulting in serious and life-long disabilities. Globally, the societal and economic burden associated with CNS disorders continues to grow with the ageing of the population thus demanding for more effective and definitive treatments. Despite the variety of clinically available therapeutic molecules, medical interventions on CNS disorders are mostly limited to treat symptoms rather than halting or reversing disease progression. This is attributed to the complexity of the underlying disease mechanisms as well as to the unique biological microenvironment. Given its central importance, multiple barriers, including the blood brain barrier and the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier, protect the CNS from external agents. This limits the access of drug molecules to the CNS thus contributing to the modest therapeutic successes. Loco-regional therapies based on the deposition of thermoresponsive hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents and cells are receiving much attention as an alternative and potentially more effective approach to manage CNS disorders. In this work, the current understanding and challenges in the design of thermoresponsive hydrogels for CNS therapy are reviewed. First, the biological barriers that hinder mass and drug transport to the CNS are described, highlighting the distinct features of each barrier. Then, the realization, characterization and biomedical application of natural and synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogels are critically presented. Advantages and limitations of each design and application are discussed with the objective of identifying general rules that could enhance the effective translation of thermoresponsive hydrogel-based therapies for the treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bellotti
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
| | - Andrea L Schilling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 302 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA; Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes tower, Suite 7057, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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17
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Brachi G, Ruiz-Ramírez J, Dogra P, Wang Z, Cristini V, Ciardelli G, Rostomily RC, Ferrari M, Mikheev AM, Blanco E, Mattu C. Intratumoral injection of hydrogel-embedded nanoparticles enhances retention in glioblastoma. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23838-23850. [PMID: 33237080 PMCID: PMC8062960 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral drug delivery is a promising approach for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, drug washout remains a major challenge in GBM therapy. Our strategy, aimed at reducing drug clearance and enhancing site-specific residence time, involves the local administration of a multi-component system comprised of nanoparticles (NPs) embedded within a thermosensitive hydrogel (HG). Herein, our objective was to examine the distribution of NPs and their cargo following intratumoral administration of this system in GBM. We hypothesized that the HG matrix, which undergoes rapid gelation upon increases in temperature, would contribute towards heightened site-specific retention and permanence of NPs in tumors. BODIPY-containing, infrared dye-labeled polymeric NPs embedded in a thermosensitive HG (HG-NPs) were fabricated and characterized. Retention and distribution dynamics were subsequently examined over time in orthotopic GBM-bearing mice. Results demonstrate that the HG-NPs system significantly improved site-specific, long-term retention of both NPs and BODIPY, with co-localization analyses showing that HG-NPs covered larger areas of the tumor and the peri-tumor region at later time points. Moreover, NPs released from the HG were shown to undergo uptake by surrounding GBM cells. Findings suggest that intratumoral delivery with HG-NPs has immense potential for GBM treatment, as well as other strategies where site-specific, long-term retention of therapeutic agents is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brachi
- Politecnico di Torino
, DIMEAS
,
C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
, 10129 Torino
, Italy
.
; Tel: +390110906792
- Department of Nanomedicine
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Javier Ruiz-Ramírez
- Mathematics in Medicine Program
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics in Medicine Program
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics in Medicine Program
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics in Medicine Program
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Politecnico di Torino
, DIMEAS
,
C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
, 10129 Torino
, Italy
.
; Tel: +390110906792
| | - Robert C. Rostomily
- Department of Neurosurgery
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Andrei M. Mikheev
- Department of Neurosurgery
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Elvin Blanco
- Department of Nanomedicine
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
| | - Clara Mattu
- Politecnico di Torino
, DIMEAS
,
C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
, 10129 Torino
, Italy
.
; Tel: +390110906792
- Department of Nanomedicine
, Houston Methodist Research Institute
,
6670 Bertner Ave
, Houston
, TX 77030
, USA
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18
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Dehydrozingerone protects temozolomide-induced cognitive impairment in normal and C6 glioma rats besides enhancing its anticancer potential. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:438. [PMID: 32995109 PMCID: PMC7498526 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the cognitive impairment induced by temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma survivors, the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of dehydrozingerone (DHZ) against TMZ-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) and C6 cell line-induced glioma in male Wistar rats. In both chemobrain and glioma models, TMZ was administered at a dose of 18 mg/kg i.v every 5th day and DHZ at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. daily. Additionally, glioma was induced by intracerebral injection of 5 × 104 C6 rat glioma cells in the cortex in the glioma model. Upon disease induction and treatment with TMZ + DHZ, spatial memory was assessed by the Morris water maze (MWM) test and episodic memory by the novel object recognition test (NORT). The induction of glioma was confirmed by histology of the cortex. Hippocampus and frontal cortex were subjected to antioxidant evaluation. Significant loss of spatial and episodic memory was observed with TMZ treatment which was significantly restored by DHZ. DHZ showed significant improvement in oxidative stress markers reversed the histopathological features in the cortex. TMZ-induced elevation of the glutathione level was also reversed by DHZ, indicating the role of DHZ in the reversal of TMZ resistance. In the glioma model, the improvement in cognition by DHZ correlated with the decrease in tumor volume. Altogether, the study results reveal the role of TMZ in worsening the memory and DHZ in reversing it, besides, improving its anticancer potential.
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19
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Zero-order drug delivery: State of the art and future prospects. J Control Release 2020; 327:834-856. [PMID: 32931897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs are an important part of the global healthcare system, with some estimates suggesting over 50% of the world's population takes at least one medication per day. Most drugs are delivered as immediate-release formulations that lead to a rapid increase in systemic drug concentration. Although these formulations have historically played an important role, they can be limited by poor patient compliance, adverse side effects, low bioavailability, or undesirable pharmacokinetics. Drug delivery systems featuring first-order release kinetics have been able to improve pharmacokinetics but are not ideal for drugs with short biological half-lives or small therapeutic windows. Zero-order drug delivery systems have the potential to overcome the issues facing immediate-release and first-order systems by releasing drug at a constant rate, thereby maintaining drug concentrations within the therapeutic window for an extended period of time. This release profile can be used to limit adverse side effects, reduce dosing frequency, and potentially improve patient compliance. This review covers strategies being employed to attain zero-order release or alter traditionally first-order release kinetics to achieve more consistent release before discussing opportunities for improving device performance based on emerging materials and fabrication methods.
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20
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Duwa R, Emami F, Lee S, Jeong JH, Yook S. Polymeric and lipid-based drug delivery systems for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Zheng X, Wu F, Lin X, Shen L, Feng Y. Developments in drug delivery of bioactive alkaloids derived from traditional Chinese medicine. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:398-416. [PMID: 29378456 PMCID: PMC6058676 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1431980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive alkaloids (e.g. vincristine, hydroxycamptothecin, ligustrazine, and so on) from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have exerted potent efficacies (e.g. anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, etc.). However, a series of undesirable physicochemical properties (like low solubility and weak stability) and baneful pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles (e.g. low bioavailability, short half time, rapid clearance, etc.) have severely restricted their applications in clinic. In addition, some side effects (like cumulative toxicities caused by high-frequency administration and their own toxicities) have recently been reported and also confined their clinical uses. Therefore, developments in drug delivery of such alkaloids are of significance in improving their drug-like properties and, thus, treatment efficiencies in clinic. Strategies, including (i) specific delivery via liposomes; (ii) sustained delivery via nanoparticles, gels, and emulsions; and (iii) transdermal delivery via ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and penetrating enhancers, have been reported to improve the pharmacokinetic and physicochemical characters of problematic TCM alkaloids, decline their adverse effects, and thus, boost their curative efficacies. In this review, the recent reports in this field were comprehensively summarized with the aim of providing an informative reference for relevant readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zheng
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lan Shen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yi Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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22
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Yu F, Asghar S, Zhang M, Zhang J, Ping Q, Xiao Y. Local strategies and delivery systems for the treatment of malignant gliomas. J Drug Target 2018; 27:367-378. [PMID: 30101621 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1509982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common type of malignant tumours with high morbidity and mortality rates. Due to the particular features of the brain, such as blood-brain barrier or blood-tumour barrier, therapeutic agents are ineffective by systemic administration. The tumour inevitably recurs and devitalises patients. Herein, an overview of the localised gliomas treatment strategies is provided, including direct intratumoural/intracerebral injection, convection-enhanced delivery, and the implant of biodegradable polymer systems. The advantages and disadvantages of each therapy are discussed. Subsequently, we have reviewed the recent developments of therapeutic delivery systems aimed at transporting sufficient amounts of antineoplastic drugs into the brain tumour sites while minimising the potential side effects. To treat gliomas, localised and controlled delivery of drugs at their desired site of action is preferred as it reduces toxicity and increases treatment efficiency. Simultaneously, various drug delivery systems (DDS) have been used to enhance drug delivery to the brain. Use of non-conventional DDS for localised therapy has greatly expanded the spectrum of drugs available for the treatment of malignant tumours. Use smart DDS via localised delivery strategies, in combination with radiotherapy and multiple drug loading would serve as a promising approach to treat gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- b Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Mei Zhang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qineng Ping
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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23
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Aguiar LG, Iwakura DC, Semeano ATS, Li RWC, Souza EF, Gruber J, Giudici R. Controlled release of an optically active compound by hydrogels of acrylic acid and its online detection. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro G. Aguiar
- Departamento de Engenharia Quı́mica; Escola de Engenharia de Lorena; Universidade de São Paulo; Estrada Municipal do Campinho s/n, CEP 12602-810 Lorena SP Brazil
| | - Daniel C. Iwakura
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Escola Politécnica; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, trav. 3, No 380 CEP 05508-900 São Paulo SP Brazil
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Ana T. S. Semeano
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Rosamaria W. C. Li
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP Brazil
- Centro Universitário Estácio Radial de São Paulo; Campus Vila dos Remédios; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Esmar F. Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Escola Politécnica; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, trav. 3, No 380 CEP 05508-900 São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Jonas Gruber
- Departamento de Química Fundamental; Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Giudici
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Escola Politécnica; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, trav. 3, No 380 CEP 05508-900 São Paulo SP Brazil
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24
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Rodrigues de Azevedo C, von Stosch M, Costa MS, Ramos A, Cardoso MM, Danhier F, Préat V, Oliveira R. Modeling of the burst release from PLGA micro- and nanoparticles as function of physicochemical parameters and formulation characteristics. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:229-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Seo YE, Bu T, Saltzman WM. Nanomaterials for convection-enhanced delivery of agents to treat brain tumors. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 4:1-12. [PMID: 29333521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials represent a promising and versatile platform for the delivery of therapeutics to the brain. Treatment of brain tumors has been a long-standing challenge in the field of neuro-oncology. The current standard of care - a multimodal approach of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy - yields only a modest therapeutic benefit for patients with malignant gliomas. A major obstacle for treatment is the failure to achieve sufficient delivery of therapeutics at the tumor site. Recent advances in local drug delivery techniques, along with the development of highly effective brain-penetrating nanocarriers, have significantly improved treatment and imaging of brain tumors in preclinical studies. The major advantage of this combined strategy is the ability to optimize local therapy, by maintaining an effective and sustained concentration of therapeutics in the brain with minimal systemic toxicity. This review highlights some of the latest developments, significant advancements and current challenges in local delivery of nanomaterials for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tom Bu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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26
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Noda T, Okuda T, Ban K, Mizuno R, Tagami T, Ozeki T, Okamoto H. Development of Intra-knee Joint Sustained-Release Gel Formulation and Evaluation of Its Pharmacological Efficiency in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:830-836. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Noda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
| | | | | | | | - Tatsuaki Tagami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Tetsuya Ozeki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
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27
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Xu HL, Mao KL, Lu CT, Fan ZL, Yang JJ, Xu J, Chen PP, ZhuGe DL, Shen BX, Jin BH, Xiao J, Zhao YZ. An injectable acellular matrix scaffold with absorbable permeable nanoparticles improves the therapeutic effects of docetaxel on glioblastoma. Biomaterials 2016; 107:44-60. [PMID: 27614158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Intratumoral drug delivery (IT) is an inherently appealing approach for concentrating toxic chemotherapies at the site of action. However, for most chemotherapies, poor tumor penetration and short retention at the administration site limit their anti-tumor effects. In this work, we describe permeable nanoparticles (NPs) prepared with a novel amphiphilic polymer, RRR-α-tocopheryl succinate-grafted-ε-polylysine conjugate (VES-g-ε-PLL). The nanoparticles (NPs) of VES-g-ε-PLL exhibited an ultra-small hydrodynamic diameter (20.8 nm) and positive zeta potential (20.6 mV), which facilitate strong glioma spheroid penetration ability in vitro. Additionally, the hydrophobic model drug docetaxel (DTX) could be effectively encapsulated in the nanoparticles with 3.99% drug loading and 73.37% encapsulation efficiency. To prolong the retention time of DTX-loaded nanoparticles (DTX-NPs) in the tumor, intact decellularized brain extracellular matrix (dBECM) derived from healthy rats was used as a drug depot to adsorb the ultra-small DTX-NPs. The intact DTX-NPs-adsorbing dBECM scaffold was further homogenized into an injectable DTX-NPs-dBECM suspension for intratumoral administration. The DTX-NPs-dBECM suspension exhibited slower DTX release than naked DTX-NPs without compromising the tumor penetration ability of DTX-NPs. An antitumor study showed that the DTX-NPs-dBECM suspension exhibited more powerful in vitro inhibition of tumor spheroid growth than free DTX solution or DTX-NPs. Due to strong tumor penetration ability and prolonged retention, DTX-NPs-dBECM led to complete suppression of glioma growth in vivo at 28 days after treatment. The therapeutic mechanism was due to enhanced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells and angiogenesis inhibition of glioma after treatment with DTX-NPs-dBECM. Finally, the safety of DTX-NPs-dBECM at the therapeutic dose was demonstrated via pathological HE assay from heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues. In conclusion, permeable nanoparticle-absorbing dBECM is a potential carrier for intratumoral delivery of common chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Lin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Kai-Li Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Cui-Tao Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
| | - Zi-Liang Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Pian-Pian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - De-Li ZhuGe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bi-Xin Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Bing-Hui Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
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Norouzi M, Nazari B, Miller DW. Injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems for local cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1835-1849. [PMID: 27423369 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Common chemotherapy is often associated with adverse effects in normal cells and tissues. As an alternative approach, localized chemotherapy can diminish the toxicity of systemic chemotherapy while providing a sustained release of the chemotherapeutics at the target tumor site. Therefore, injectable biodegradable hydrogels as drug delivery systems for chemotherapeutics have become a matter of importance. Here, we review the application of a variety of injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems, including thermosensitive, pH-sensitive, photosensitive, dual-sensitive, as well as active targeting hydrogels, for the treatment of different types of cancer. Generally, injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems are found to be more efficacious than the conventional systemic chemotherapy in terms of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Norouzi
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Nazari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donald W Miller
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Zhou HY, Wang ZY, Duan XY, Jiang LJ, Cao PP, Li JX, Li JB. Design and evaluation of chitosan-β-cyclodextrin based thermosensitive hydrogel. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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30
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Lee CT, Huang YW, Yang CH, Huang KS. Drug delivery systems and combination therapy by using vinca alkaloids. Curr Top Med Chem 2016; 15:1491-500. [PMID: 25877096 PMCID: PMC4997956 DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150414120547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing new methods for chemotherapy drug delivery has become a topic of great concern. Vinca alkaloids are among the most widely used chemotherapy reagents for tumor therapy; however, their side effects are particularly problematic for many medical doctors. To reduce the toxicity and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of vinca alkaloids, many researchers have developed strategies such as using liposome-entrapped drugs, chemical- or peptide-modified drugs, polymeric packaging drugs, and chemotherapy drug combinations. This review mainly focuses on the development of a vinca alkaloid drug delivery system and the combination therapy. Five vinca alkaloids (eg, vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vindesine, and vinflunine) are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Keng-Shiang Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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31
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Ramazani F, Chen W, van Nostrum CF, Storm G, Kiessling F, Lammers T, Hennink WE, Kok RJ. Strategies for encapsulation of small hydrophilic and amphiphilic drugs in PLGA microspheres: State-of-the-art and challenges. Int J Pharm 2016; 499:358-367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Dang Q, Liu C, Wang Y, Yan J, Wan H, Fan B. Characterization and biocompatibility of injectable microspheres-loaded hydrogel for methotrexate delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:516-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Floyd JA, Galperin A, Ratner BD. Drug encapsulated aerosolized microspheres as a biodegradable, intelligent glioma therapy. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:544-52. [PMID: 26238392 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The grim prognosis for patients diagnosed with malignant gliomas necessitates the development of new therapeutic strategies for localized and sustained drug delivery to combat tumor drug resistance and regrowth. Here we introduce drug encapsulated aerosolized microspheres as a biodegradable, intelligent glioma therapy (DREAM BIG therapy). DREAM BIG therapy is envisioned to deliver three chemotherapeutics, temporally staged over one year, via a bioadhesive, biodegradable spray directly to the brain surgical site after tumor excision. In this proof-of-principle article exploring key components of the DREAM BIG therapy prototype, rhodamine B (RB) encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) encapsulated poly(lactic acid) microspheres were formulated and characterized. The encapsulation efficiency of RB and IgG and the release kinetics of the model drugs from the microspheres were elucidated in addition to the release kinetics of RB from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres formulated in a degradable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) solution. The successful aerosolized application onto brain tissue ex-vivo demonstrated the conformal adhesion of the RB encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres to the convoluted brain surface mediated by the thermoresponsive carrier, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). These preliminary results suggest the potential of the DREAM BIG therapy for future use with multiple chemotherapeutics and microsphere types to combat gliomas at a localized site.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alaina Floyd
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Anna Galperin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Buddy D Ratner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle
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34
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Temozolomide-loaded photopolymerizable PEG-DMA-based hydrogel for the treatment of glioblastoma. J Control Release 2015; 210:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.05.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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35
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Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have played an important role in the delivery of drugs in a controlled and targeted manner. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is one of the extensively researched synthetic biodegradable polymers due to its favorable properties. It is also known as a ‘Smart Polymer’ due to its stimuli sensitive behavior. A wide range of PLGA-based drug delivery systems have been reported for the treatment or diagnosis of various diseases and disorders. The present review provides an overview of the chemistry, physicochemical properties, biodegradation behavior, evaluation parameters and applications of PLGA in drug delivery. Different drug–polymer combinations developed into drug delivery or carrier systems are enumerated and discussed.
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36
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Zhu T, Shen Y, Tang Q, Chen L, Gao H, Zhu J. BCNU/PLGA microspheres: a promising strategy for the treatment of gliomas in mice. Chin J Cancer Res 2014; 26:81-8. [PMID: 24653629 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.1000-9604.2014.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of BCNU/PLGA microspheres on tumor growth, apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance in a C57BL/6 mice orthotopic brain glioma model using GL261 cell line. METHODS BCNU/PLGA sustained-release microspheres were prepared by the water-in-oil-in-water emulsion technique. GL261 cells were intracranially injected into C57BL/6 mouse by using the stereotactic technology. A total of 60 tumor-bearing mice were randomly and equally divided into three groups: untreated control, PLGA treated, BCNU/PLGA treated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was taken to evaluate tumor volume. BCNU/PLGA sustained-release wafers were implanted in the treatment group two weeks after inoculation. Survival time and quality were observed. Specimens were harvested, and immunohistochemical staining was used to check the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Statistical methods was used for analysis of relevant data. RESULTS BCNU/PLGA sustained-release wafers were fabricated and implanted successfully. There is statistical difference of survival time between the BCNU/PLGA treated group and control groups (P<0.05). MRI scan showed inhibitory effect of BCNU/PLGA on tumor growth. Compared to the group A and B, BCNU/PLGA decreased the expression of apoptosis related gene Bcl-2 (P<0.05), but did not elevate the expression level of Bax (P>0.05), with the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased. For MGMT protein expression, no statistically significant change was found in treated group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Local implantation of BCNU/PLGA microspheres improved the survival quality and time of GL261 glioma-bearing mice significantly, inhibited the tumor proliferation, induced more cell apoptosis, and did not increase the chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongming Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yiwen Shen
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qisheng Tang
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Luping Chen
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Huasong Gao
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Dept. of Neurosurgery, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science,Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Yu L, Ci T, Zhou S, Zeng W, Ding J. The thermogelling PLGA–PEG–PLGA block copolymer as a sustained release matrix of doxorubicin. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:411-420. [DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00159d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Imaging of Cells and Nanoparticles: Implications for Drug Delivery to the Brain. Pharm Res 2012; 29:3213-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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