1
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Lembo A, Molinaro A, De Castro C, Berti F, Biagini M. Impact of glycosylation on viral vaccines. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122402. [PMID: 39048237 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most prominent modification important for vaccines and its specific pattern depends on several factors that need to be considered when developing a new biopharmaceutical. Tailor-made glycosylation can be exploited to develop more effective and safer vaccines; for this reason, a deep understanding of both glycoengineering strategies and glycans structures and functions is required. In this review we discuss the recent advances concerning glycoprotein expression systems and the explanation of glycans immunomodulation mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlight how glycans tune the immunological properties among different vaccines platforms (whole virus, recombinant protein, nucleic acid), also comparing commercially available formulations and describing the state-of-the-art analytical technologies for glycosylation analysis. The whole review stresses the aspect of glycoprotein glycans as a potential tool to overcome nowadays medical needs in vaccine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lembo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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2
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Korpidou M, Becker J, Tarvirdipour S, Dinu IA, Becer CR, Palivan CG. Glycooligomer-Functionalized Catalytic Nanocompartments Co-Loaded with Enzymes Support Parallel Reactions and Promote Cell Internalization. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4492-4509. [PMID: 38910355 PMCID: PMC11238334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A major shortcoming associated with the application of enzymes in drug synergism originates from the lack of site-specific, multifunctional nanomedicine. This study introduces catalytic nanocompartments (CNCs) made of a mixture of PDMS-b-PMOXA diblock copolymers, decorated with glycooligomer tethers comprising eight mannose-containing repeating units and coencapsulating two enzymes, providing multifunctionality by their in situ parallel reactions. Beta-glucuronidase (GUS) serves for local reactivation of the drug hymecromone, while glucose oxidase (GOx) induces cell starvation through glucose depletion and generation of the cytotoxic H2O2. The insertion of the pore-forming peptide, melittin, facilitates diffusion of substrates and products through the membranes. Increased cell-specific internalization of the CNCs results in a substantial decrease in HepG2 cell viability after 24 h, attributed to simultaneous production of hymecromone and H2O2. Such parallel enzymatic reactions taking place in nanocompartments pave the way to achieve efficient combinatorial cancer therapy by enabling localized drug production along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Korpidou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Shabnam Tarvirdipour
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
- NCCR
Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel 4002, Switzerland
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3
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Rahman MM, Grice ID, Ulett GC, Wei MQ. Advances in Bacterial Lysate Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases and Cancer. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:4312908. [PMID: 38962577 PMCID: PMC11221958 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4312908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Antigenic cell fragments, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and other immunostimulants in bacterial lysates or extracts may induce local and systemic immune responses in specific and nonspecific paradigms. Based on current knowledge, this review aimed to determine whether bacterial lysate has comparable functions in infectious diseases and cancer treatment. In infectious diseases, including respiratory and urinary tract infections, immune system activation by bacterial lysate can identify and combat pathogens. Commercially available bacterial lysates, including OM-85, Ismigen, Lantigen B, and LW 50020, were effective in children and adults in treating respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinitis, and rhinosinusitis with varying degrees of success. Moreover, OM-89, Uromune, Urovac, Urivac, and ExPEC4V showed therapeutic benefits in controlling urinary tract infections in adults, especially women. Bacterial lysate-based therapeutics are safe, well-tolerated, and have few side effects, making them a good alternative for infectious disease management. Furthermore, a nonspecific immunomodulation by bacterial lysates may stimulate innate immunity, benefiting cancer treatment. "Coley's vaccine" has been used to treat sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, melanomas, and myelomas with varying outcomes. Later, several similar bacterial lysate-based therapeutics have been developed to treat cancers, including bladder cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and myeloma; among them, BCG for in situ bladder cancer is well-known. Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, may activate bacterial antigen-specific adaptive responses that could restore tumor antigen recognition and response by tumor-specific type 1 helper cells and cytotoxic T cells; therefore, bacterial lysates are worth investigating as a vaccination adjuvants or add-on therapies for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mijanur Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute QueenslandGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
| | - I. Darren Grice
- School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
| | - Glen C. Ulett
- School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute QueenslandGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute QueenslandGriffith University, Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
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de Matos Silva S, Echeverri CR, Mendes-Giannini MJS, Fusco-Almeida AM, Gonzalez A. Common virulence factors between Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides: Recognition of Hsp60 and Enolase by CR3 and plasmin receptors in host cells. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 7:100246. [PMID: 39022313 PMCID: PMC11253281 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the incidence of Invasive Fungal Infections (IFIs) globally has risen, posing a considerable challenge despite available antifungal therapies. Addressing this, the World Health Organization (WHO) prioritized research on specific fungi, notably Histoplasma spp. and Paracoccidioides spp. These dimorphic fungi have a mycelial life cycle in soil and a yeast phase associated with tissues of mammalian hosts. Inhalation of conidia and mycelial fragments initiates the infection, crucially transforming into the yeast form within the host, influenced by factors like temperature, host immunity, and hormonal status. Survival and multiplication within alveolar macrophages are crucial for disease progression, where innate immune responses play a pivotal role in overcoming physical barriers. The transition to pathogenic yeast, triggered by increased temperature, involves yeast phase-specific gene expression, closely linked to infection establishment and pathogenicity. Cell adhesion mechanisms during host-pathogen interactions are intricately linked to fungal virulence, which is critical for tissue colonization and disease development. Yeast replication within macrophages leads to their rupture, aiding pathogen dissemination. Immune cells, especially macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, are key players during infection control, with macrophages crucial for defense, tissue integrity, and pathogen elimination. Recognition of common virulence molecules such as heat- shock protein-60 (Hsp60) and enolase by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), mainly via the complement receptor 3 (CR3) and plasmin receptor pathways, respectively, could be pivotal in host-pathogen interactions for Histoplasma spp. and Paracoccidioides spp., influencing adhesion, phagocytosis, and inflammatory regulation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the dynamic of these two IFIs between host and pathogen. Further research into these fungi's virulence factors promises insights into pathogenic mechanisms, potentially guiding the development of effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta de Matos Silva
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Nucleous of Proteomics, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carolina Rodriguez Echeverri
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Nucleous of Proteomics, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Nucleous of Proteomics, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Nucleous of Proteomics, Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Paulista State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Angel Gonzalez
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
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Yu L, Gao F, Li Y, Su D, Han L, Li Y, Zhang X, Feng Z. Role of pattern recognition receptors in the development of MASLD and potential therapeutic applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116724. [PMID: 38761424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide, and its occurrence is strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), genetics, and metabolic stress. Ranging from simple fatty liver to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), even to severe complications such as liver fibrosis and advanced cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, the underlying mechanisms of MASLD progression are complex and involve multiple cellular mediators and related signaling pathways. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) from the innate immune system, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-like receptors (RLRs), and DNA receptors, have been demonstrated to potentially contribute to the pathogenesis for MASLD. Their signaling pathways can induce inflammation, mediate oxidative stress, and affect the gut microbiota balance, ultimately resulting in hepatic steatosis, inflammatory injury and fibrosis. Here we review the available literature regarding the involvement of PRR-associated signals in the pathogenic and clinical features of MASLD, in vitro and in animal models of MASLD. We also discuss the emerging targets from PRRs for drug developments that involved agent therapies intended to arrest or reverse disease progression, thus enabling the refinement of therapeutic targets that can accelerate drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Feifei Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Yaoxin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Dan Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Liping Han
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yueming Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of immune checkpoint drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R.China.
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6
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Zhong S, Zhou Q, Yang J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu J, Chang X, Wang H. Relationship between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways-role in neurotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116698. [PMID: 38713946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity can cause a range of symptoms and disorders in humans, including neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, nerve conduction abnormalities, neuroinflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cognitive deficits. The cyclic guanosine-adenosine synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and NF-κB pathway are two important signaling pathways involved in the innate immune response. The cGAS-STING pathway is activated by the recognition of intracellular DNA, which triggers the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor, IL-1β, and IL-6. These cytokines play a role in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. The NF-κB pathway is activated by various stimuli, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, viral particle components, and neurotoxins. NF-κB activation may lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which promote neuroinflammation and cause neuronal damage. A potential interaction exists between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways, and NF-κB activation blocks STING degradation by inhibiting microtubule-mediated STING transport. This review examines the progress of research on the roles of these pathways in neurotoxicity and their interrelationships. Understanding the mechanisms of these pathways will provide valuable therapeutic insights for preventing and controlling neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qiongli Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jirui Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China.
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7
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Mashhouri S, Rahmati A, Azimi A, Fava RA, Ismail IH, Walker J, Elahi S. Targeting Dectin-1 and or VISTA enhances anti-tumor immunity in melanoma but not colorectal cancer model. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00950-w. [PMID: 38668817 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acquired resistance to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) is a major barrier in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need for innovative strategies. Dectin-1 (gene Clec7a) is a C-type lectin receptor best known for its ability to recognize β-glucan-rich structures in fungal cell walls. While Dectin-1 is expressed in myeloid cells and tumor cells, its significance in cancer remains the subject of controversy. METHODS Using Celc7a-/- mice and curdlan administration to stimulate Dectin-1 signaling, we explored its impact. VISTA KO mice were employed to assess VISTA's role, and bulk RNAseq analyzed curdlan effects on neutrophils. RESULTS Our findings reveal myeloid cells as primary Dectin-1 expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), displaying an activated phenotype. Strong Dectin-1 co-expression/co-localization with VISTA and PD-L1 in TME myeloid cells was observed. While Dectin-1 deletion lacked protective effects, curdlan stimulation significantly curtailed B16-F10 tumor progression. RNAseq and pathway analyses supported curdlan's role in triggering a cascade of events leading to increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators, potentially resulting in the recruitment and activation of immune cells. Moreover, we identified a heterogeneous subset of Dectin-1+ effector T cells in the TME. Similar to mice, human myeloid cells are the prominent cells expressing Dectin-1 in cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our study proposes Dectin-1 as a potential adjunctive target with ICBs, orchestrating a comprehensive engagement of innate and adaptive immune responses in melanoma. This innovative approach holds promise for overcoming acquired resistance to ICBs in cancer treatment, offering avenues for further exploration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Mashhouri
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Rahmati
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ako Azimi
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Roy A Fava
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service, White River Junction, VT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ismail Hassan Ismail
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - John Walker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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8
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Johnson EL, Ohkawa Y, Kanto N, Fujinawa R, Kuribara T, Miyoshi E, Taniguchi N. The S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 upregulates the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in DC-SIGN-expressing THP-1 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:227-234. [PMID: 38453000 PMCID: PMC10951521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and other antigen-presenting cells express various C-type lectin receptors that function to recognize the glycans associated with pathogens. The dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) binds various pathogens such as HIV glycoprotein 120, the Ebola glycoprotein, hemagglutinin, and the dengue virus glycoprotein in addition to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and also triggers antigen-presenting cell endocytosis and immune escape from systemic infections. Many studies on the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with glycans have been published, but the underlying mechanism by which intracellular signaling occurs remains unclear. In this study, we report that the S1 spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in THP-1 cells, a DC-SIGN-expressing human monocytic leukemic cell line. On the other hand, the phosphorylation level of NF-κB remained unchanged under the same conditions. These data suggest that the major cell signaling pathway regulated by the S1 spike protein is the ERK pathway, which is superior to the NF-κB pathway in these DC-SIGN-expressing THP-1 cells and may contribute to immune hyperactivation in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Additionally, several glycans such as mannans, mannosylated bovine serum albumin, the serum amyloid beta protein, and intracellular adhesion molecule 3 suppressed ERK phosphorylation, suggesting that these molecules are target molecules for SARS-CoV-2 infection by suppressing immune hyperactivation that occurs in the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lee Johnson
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan; Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Kanto
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reiko Fujinawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan.
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9
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Voinescu CD, Mozere M, Genovese G, Downie ML, Gupta S, Gale DP, Bockenhauer D, Kleta R, Arcos-Burgos M, Stanescu HC. A Neanderthal haplotype introgressed into the human genome confers protection against membranous nephropathy. Kidney Int 2024; 105:791-798. [PMID: 38367960 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Class 2 HLA and PLA2R1 alleles are exceptionally strong genetic risk factors for membranous nephropathy (MN), leading, through an unknown mechanism, to a targeted autoimmune response. Introgressed archaic haplotypes (introduced from an archaic human genome into the modern human genome) might influence phenotypes through gene dysregulation. Here, we investigated the genomic region surrounding the PLA2R1 gene. We reconstructed the phylogeny of Neanderthal and modern haplotypes in this region and calculated the probability of the observed clustering being the result of introgression or common descent. We imputed variants for the participants in our previous genome-wide association study and we compared the distribution of Neanderthal variants between MN cases and controls. The region associated with the lead MN risk locus in the PLA2R1 gene was confirmed and showed that, within a 507 kb region enriched in introgressed sequence, a stringently defined 105 kb haplotype, intersecting the coding regions for PLA2R1 and ITGB6, is inherited from Neanderthals. Thus, introgressed Neanderthal haplotypes overlapping PLA2R1 are differentially represented in MN cases and controls, with enrichment In controls suggesting a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin D Voinescu
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Monika Mozere
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giulio Genovese
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mallory L Downie
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sanjana Gupta
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel P Gale
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Kleta
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mauricio Arcos-Burgos
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Horia C Stanescu
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Renal Medicine, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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10
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Hoover AR, More S, Liu K, West CL, Valerio TI, Furrer CL, Adams JP, Yu N, Villalva C, Kumar A, Alleruzzo L, Lam SSK, Hode T, Papin JF, Chen WR. N-dihydrogalactochitosan serves as an effective mucosal adjuvant for intranasal vaccine in combination with recombinant viral proteins against respiratory infection. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:279-292. [PMID: 38160856 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal vaccinations for respiratory pathogens provide effective protection as they stimulate localized cellular and humoral immunities at the site of infection. Currently, the major limitation of intranasal vaccination is using effective adjuvants capable of withstanding the harsh environment imposed by the mucosa. Herein, we describe the efficacy of using a unique biopolymer, N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC), as a nasal mucosal vaccine adjuvant against respiratory infections. Specifically, we mixed GC with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike (S) and nucleocapsid (NC) proteins to intranasally vaccinate K18-hACE2 transgenic mice, in comparison with Addavax (AV), an MF-59 equivalent. In contrast to AV, intranasal application of GC induces a robust, systemic antigen-specific antibody response and increases the number of T cells in the cervical lymph nodes. Moreover, GC+S+NC-vaccinated animals were largely resistant to the lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge and experienced drastically reduced morbidity and mortality, with animal weights and behavior returning to normal 22 days post-infection. In contrast, animals intranasally vaccinated with AV+S+NC experienced severe weight loss, mortality, and respiratory distress, with none surviving beyond 6 days post-infection. Our findings demonstrate that GC can serve as a potent mucosal vaccine adjuvant against SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other respiratory viruses. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrated that a unique biopolymer, N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC), was an effective nasal mucosal vaccine adjuvant against respiratory infections. Specifically, we mixed GC with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike (S) and nucleocapsid (NC) proteins to intranasally vaccinate K18-hACE2 transgenic mice, in comparison with Addavax (AV). In contrast to AV, GC induces a robust, systemic antigen-specific antibody response and increases the number of T cells in the cervical lymph nodes. About 90 % of the GC+S+NC-vaccinated animals survived the lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge and remained healthy 22 days post-infection, while the AV+S+NC-vaccinated animals experienced severe weight loss and respiratory distress, and all died within 6 days post-infection. Our findings demonstrate that GC is a potent mucosal vaccine adjuvant against SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Hoover
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA; Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sunil More
- Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK USA
| | - Kaili Liu
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Connor L West
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Trisha I Valerio
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Coline L Furrer
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jacob P Adams
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Ningli Yu
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Crystal Villalva
- Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK USA
| | - Amit Kumar
- Biogen Inc., 225 Bnney Street, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lu Alleruzzo
- Immunophotonics, Inc., 4340 Duncan Avenue, Suite 212, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel S K Lam
- Immunophotonics, Inc., 4340 Duncan Avenue, Suite 212, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tomas Hode
- Immunophotonics, Inc., 4340 Duncan Avenue, Suite 212, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - James F Papin
- Department Pathology and Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Wei R Chen
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
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11
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Ma TF, Huang JN, Wen B, Gao JZ, Chen ZZ. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of C-type lectins in discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) during parental care. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109291. [PMID: 38104702 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) exhibit a unique parental care behavior: adult discus produces secretion through their skin, on which the larvae live after birth. The immune components in the skin mucus of parental discus would change during different parental care. C-type lectins (CTLs) could identify and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and play important roles in innate immunity. Studies on CTLs of discus fish especially during parental care, however, are scarce. Here, we identified 186 CTL genes that distributed in 27 linkage groups based on discus genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. aequifasciatus CTL (SaCTL) members were grouped into 14 subfamilies. A total of 80 gene replication events occurred, of which 15 pairs were subjected to segmental duplication and 65 pairs underwent tandem duplication. Ka/Ks ranged from 0.11 (SaCTL25/SaCTL158) to 0.68 (SaCTL36/SaCTL69), all undergoing purifying selection. RNA-seq analysis revealed that SaCTL members, including duplicated genes, in the skin of parental discus show distinct expression patterns in different care stages and between male and female parents. The SaCTL11 was differentially expressed in most care stages and reached the maximum after eggs spawned, but the expression of its paired SaCTL14 was low in each stage. The SaCTL39 increased first and then decreased, reaching a peak in eggs spawned, while paired SaCTL48 first decreased and then increased, reaching a peak in hatched eggs. The SaCTL50 was differentially expressed only in female fish during care, but not in male fish. These results provide new insights into the evolution and potential functional differentiation of CTLs in discus fish during parental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun-Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zai-Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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12
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Zhang J, Tu Y, Wei J, Zheng R, Shao J, Chen Q, Liang G, Ying H, Han X, Shi Q. Dectin1 contributes to hypertensive vascular injury by promoting macrophage infiltration through activating the Syk/NF-κB pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166911. [PMID: 37813169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Vascular injury is an early manifestation leading to end-organ damage in hypertension pathogenesis, which involves a macrophage-associated immune response. Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin1) is a pivotal player in regulating inflammation-mediated cardiovascular disease. However, its role in hypertension-induced vascular damage and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that Dectin1 might accelerate angiotensin II (Ang II)- or deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt (DOCA-salt)-induced vascular injury through proinflammatory actions in macrophages. Macrophage Dectin1 was upregulated in mouse aortic tissues stimulated with Ang II. In the peripheral blood, Ang II also increased CD11b+F4/80+ macrophages in mice. In our constructed Dectin1 knockout mice, Dectin1 deletion protected against Ang II-induced EB extravasation and aortic wall thickness. Deficiency of Dectin1 or its pharmacological inhibition considerably improved fibrosis and inflammation responses, accompanied by a reduction in M1 macrophage polarization as well as proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines induced by Ang II or DOCA-salt. Through the bone marrow (BM) transplantation assay, these effects were verified in the wild type mice reconstituted with Dectin1-deficient BM cells. Mechanistically, Ang II promoted Dectin1 homodimerization, thereby triggering the spleen tyrosine kinase/nuclear factor kappa B pro-inflammatory cascade to induce the expression of inflammatory factors and chemokines in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, Dectin1 has an essential role in the pathogenic procedure of Ang II-stimulated or DOCA-salt-induced vascular damage in mice and represents a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Yu Tu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jiajia Wei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Ruyi Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Ji Shao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Clinical Pharmacy, Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518101, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Xue Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Qiaojuan Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China; Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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13
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Tu W, Hu X, Wan R, Xiao X, Shen Y, Srikaram P, Avvaru SN, Yang F, Pi F, Zhou Y, Wan M, Gao P. Effective delivery of miR-511-3p with mannose-decorated exosomes with RNA nanoparticles confers protection against asthma. J Control Release 2024; 365:602-616. [PMID: 37996055 PMCID: PMC10872989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that miR-511-3p treatment has a beneficial effect in alleviating allergic airway inflammation. Here, we sought to explore its therapeutic potential in animal models and gain a deeper understanding of its therapeutic value for asthma. miR-511-3p knockout mice (miR-511-3p-/-) were generated by CRISPR/Cas and showed exacerbated airway hyper-responsiveness and Th2-associated allergic airway inflammation compared with wild-type (WT) mice after exposed to cockroach allergen. RNA nanoparticles with mannose decorated EV-miR-511-3p were also created by loading miR-511-3p mimics into the mannose decorated EVs with engineered RNA nanoparticle PRNA-3WJ (Man-EV-miR-511-3p). Intra-tracheal inhalation of Man-EV-miR-511-3p, which could effectively penetrate the airway mucus barrier and deliver functional miR-511-3p to lung macrophages, successfully reversed the increased airway inflammation observed in miR-511-3p-/- mice. Through microarray analysis, complement C3 (C3) was identified as one of the major targets of miR-511-3p. C3 was increased in LPS-treated macrophages but decreased after miR-511-3p treatment. Consistent with these findings, C3 expression was elevated in the lung macrophages of an asthma mouse model but decreased in mice treated with miR-511-3p. Further experiments, including miRNA-mRNA pulldown and luciferase reporter assays, confirmed that miR-511-3p directly binds to C3 and activates the C3 gene. Thus, miR-511-3p represents a promising therapeutic target for asthma, and RNA nanotechnology reprogrammed EVs are efficient carriers for miRNA delivery for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China; The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Prakhyath Srikaram
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sai Nithin Avvaru
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Fuhan Yang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Yufeng Zhou
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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14
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Liu L, Fu S, Zhu W, Cai Z, Cao Y, Huang Y, Yang L, Fu X, Jin R, Xia C, Zhang Y, Lui S, Gong Q, Song B, Wen L, Anderson JM, Ai H. Glucosylation endows nanoparticles with TLR4 agonist capability to trigger macrophage polarization and augment antitumor immunity. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122424. [PMID: 38103347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have emerged as promising candidates for immunomodulation, however, how to present them to immune cells and achieve potent immunostimulatory efficacy remains challenging. Here, we proposed and established an effective way of designing unique glyconanoparticles that can amplify macrophage-mediated immune responses through structural mimicry and multiple stimulation. We demonstrate that surface modification with glucose can greatly augment the immunostimulatory efficacy of nanoparticles, comparing to mannose and galactose. In vitro studies show that glucosylation improved the pro-inflammatory efficacy of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by up to 300-fold, with the immunostimulatory activity of glucosylated IONPs even surpassing that of LPS under certain conditions. In vivo investigation show that glucosylated IONPs elicited increased antitumor immunity and achieved favorable therapeutic outcomes in multiple murine tumor models. Mechanistically, we proposed that glucosylation potentiated the immunostimulatory effect of IONPs by amplifying toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) activation. Specifically, glucosylated IONPs directly interacted with the TLR4-MD2 complex, resulting in M1 macrophage polarization and enhanced antitumor immunity via activation of NF-κB, MAPK, and STAT1 signaling pathways. Our work provides a simple modification strategy to endow nanoparticles with potent TLR4 agonist effects, which may shed new light on the development of artificial immune modulators for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Shengxiang Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China; Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Wencheng Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Yingzi Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Yubing Huang
- School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Rongrong Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Chunchao Xia
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Longping Wen
- School of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - James M Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Hua Ai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China; Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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15
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Pinho SS, Alves I, Gaifem J, Rabinovich GA. Immune regulatory networks coordinated by glycans and glycan-binding proteins in autoimmunity and infection. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1101-1113. [PMID: 37582971 PMCID: PMC10541879 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is coordinated by an intricate network of stimulatory and inhibitory circuits that regulate host responses against endogenous and exogenous insults. Disruption of these safeguard and homeostatic mechanisms can lead to unpredictable inflammatory and autoimmune responses, whereas deficiency of immune stimulatory pathways may orchestrate immunosuppressive programs that contribute to perpetuate chronic infections, but also influence cancer development and progression. Glycans have emerged as essential components of homeostatic circuits, acting as fine-tuners of immunological responses and potential molecular targets for manipulation of immune tolerance and activation in a wide range of pathologic settings. Cell surface glycans, present in cells, tissues and the extracellular matrix, have been proposed to serve as "self-associated molecular patterns" that store structurally relevant biological data. The responsibility of deciphering this information relies on different families of glycan-binding proteins (including galectins, siglecs and C-type lectins) which, upon recognition of specific carbohydrate structures, can recalibrate the magnitude, nature and fate of immune responses. This process is tightly regulated by the diversity of glycan structures and the establishment of multivalent interactions on cell surface receptors and the extracellular matrix. Here we review the spatiotemporal regulation of selected glycan-modifying processes including mannosylation, complex N-glycan branching, core 2 O-glycan elongation, LacNAc extension, as well as terminal sialylation and fucosylation. Moreover, we illustrate examples that highlight the contribution of these processes to the control of immune responses and their integration with canonical tolerogenic pathways. Finally, we discuss the power of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as a source of immunomodulatory signals that could be leveraged for the treatment of autoimmune inflammation and chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé S Pinho
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Alves
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gaifem
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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El-Sayed AFM, Khaled AA, Hamdan AM, Makled SO, Hafez EE, Saleh AA. The role of antifreeze genes in the tolerance of cold stress in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:476. [PMID: 37612592 PMCID: PMC10464439 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tilapia is one of the most essential farmed fishes in the world. It is a tropical and subtropical freshwater fish well adapted to warm water but sensitive to cold weather. Extreme cold weather could cause severe stress and mass mortalities in tilapia. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of cold stress on the up-regulation of antifreeze protein (AFP) genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two treatment groups of fish were investigated (5 replicates of 15 fish for each group in fibreglass tanks/70 L each): 1) a control group; the fish were acclimated to lab conditions for two weeks and the water temperature was maintained at 25 °C during the whole experimental period with feeding on a commercial diet (30% crude protein). 2) Cold stress group; the same conditions as the control group except for the temperature. Initially, the temperature was decreased by one degree every 12 h. The fish started showing death symptoms when the water temperature reached 6-8 °C. In this stage the tissue (muscle) samples were taken from both groups. The immune response of fish exposed to cold stress was detected and characterized using Differential Display-PCR (DD-PCR). RESULTS The results indicated that nine different up-regulation genes were detected in the cold-stressed fish compared to the control group. These genes are Integrin-alpha-2 (ITGA-2), Gap junction gamma-1 protein-like (GJC1), WD repeat-containing protein 59 isoform X2 (WDRP59), NUAK family SNF1-like kinase, G-protein coupled receptor-176 (GPR-176), Actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex protein pan1-like (PAN-1), Whirlin protein (WHRN), Suppressor of tumorigenicity 7 protein isoform X2 (ST7P) and ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1-like isoform X2 (ABCA1). The antifreeze gene type-II amplification using a specific PCR product of 600 bp, followed by cloning and sequencing analysis revealed that the identified gene is antifreeze type-II, with similarity ranging from 70 to 95%. The in-vitro transcribed gene induced an antifreeze protein with a molecular size of 22 kDa. The antifreeze gene, ITGA-2 and the WD repeat protein belong to the lectin family (sugar-protein). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, under cold stress, Nile tilapia express many defence genes, an antifreeze gene consisting of one open reading frame of approximately 0.6 kbp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa A Khaled
- Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria City, 21531, Egypt
| | - Amira M Hamdan
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria City, Egypt
| | - Sara O Makled
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria City, Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Hafez
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria City, 21934, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Saleh
- Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Alshatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria City, 11865, Egypt.
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17
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Purnama CA, Meiliana A, Barliana MI, Lestari K. Update of cellular responses to the efferocytosis of necroptosis and pyroptosis. Cell Div 2023; 18:5. [PMID: 37032375 PMCID: PMC10084608 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a basic physiological process that occurs in all living organisms. A few key players in these mechanisms, as well as various forms of cell death programming, have been identified. Apoptotic cell phagocytosis, also known as apoptotic cell clearance, is a well-established process regulated by a number of molecular components, including 'find-me', 'eat-me' and engulfment signals. Efferocytosis, or the rapid phagocytic clearance of cell death, is a critical mechanism for tissue homeostasis. Despite having similar mechanism to phagocytic clearance of infections, efferocytosis differs from phagocytosis in that it induces a tissue-healing response and is immunologically inert. However, as field of cell death has rapid expanded, much attention has recently been drawn to the efferocytosis of additional necrotic-like cell types, such as necroptosis and pyroptosis. Unlike apoptosis, this method of cell suicide allows the release of immunogenic cellular material and causes inflammation. Regardless of the cause of cell death, the clearance of dead cells is a necessary function to avoid uncontrolled synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules and inflammatory disorder. We compare and contrast apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis, as well as the various molecular mechanisms of efferocytosis in each type of cell death, and investigate how these may have functional effects on different intracellular organelles and signalling networks. Understanding how efferocytic cells react to necroptotic and pyroptotic cell uptake can help us understand how to modulate these cell death processes for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Agung Purnama
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
- Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jl. Supratman No. 43, Bandung, 40114, Indonesia
| | - Anna Meiliana
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
- Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jl. Supratman No. 43, Bandung, 40114, Indonesia
- Prodia Education and Research Institute, Jl. Kramat Raya No 150, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Intan Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Keri Lestari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
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18
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Del Prete A, Salvi V, Soriani A, Laffranchi M, Sozio F, Bosisio D, Sozzani S. Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:432-447. [PMID: 36949244 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor cell-associated antigens to naïve T cells, DCs are instrumental in the generation of specific T-cell-mediated antitumor effector responses in the control of tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Within an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, DC antitumor functions can, however, be severely impaired. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of DC capture and activation by tumor cell antigens and the role of the tumor microenvironment in shaping DC functions, taking advantage of recent studies showing the phenotype acquisition, transcriptional state and functional programs revealed by scRNA-seq analysis. The therapeutic potential of DC-mediated tumor antigen sensing in priming antitumor immunity is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Soriani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sozio
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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19
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Fuchsberger FF, Kim D, Baranova N, Vrban H, Kagelmacher M, Wawrzinek R, Rademacher C. Information transfer in mammalian glycan-based communication. eLife 2023; 12:69415. [PMID: 36803584 PMCID: PMC10014076 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycan-binding proteins, so-called lectins, are exposed on mammalian cell surfaces and decipher the information encoded within glycans translating it into biochemical signal transduction pathways in the cell. These glycan-lectin communication pathways are complex and difficult to analyze. However, quantitative data with single-cell resolution provide means to disentangle the associated signaling cascades. We chose C-type lectin receptors (CTLs) expressed on immune cells as a model system to study their capacity to transmit information encoded in glycans of incoming particles. In particular, we used nuclear factor kappa-B-reporter cell lines expressing DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), macrophage C-type lectin (MCL), dectin-1, dectin-2, and macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (MINCLE), as well as TNFαR and TLR-1&2 in monocytic cell lines and compared their transmission of glycan-encoded information. All receptors transmit information with similar signaling capacity, except dectin-2. This lectin was identified to be less efficient in information transmission compared to the other CTLs, and even when the sensitivity of the dectin-2 pathway was enhanced by overexpression of its co-receptor FcRγ, its transmitted information was not. Next, we expanded our investigation toward the integration of multiple signal transduction pathways including synergistic lectins, which is crucial during pathogen recognition. We show how the signaling capacity of lectin receptors using a similar signal transduction pathway (dectin-1 and dectin-2) is being integrated by compromising between the lectins. In contrast, co-expression of MCL synergistically enhanced the dectin-2 signaling capacity, particularly at low-glycan stimulant concentration. By using dectin-2 and other lectins as examples, we demonstrate how signaling capacity of dectin-2 is modulated in the presence of other lectins, and therefore, the findings provide insight into how immune cells translate glycan information using multivalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix F Fuchsberger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
| | - Dongyoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
| | - Natalia Baranova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
| | - Hanka Vrban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
| | - Marten Kagelmacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany
| | - Robert Wawrzinek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesPotsdamGermany
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz LabsViennaAustria
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20
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Abbasi A, Rahbar Saadat T, Rahbar Saadat Y. Microbial exopolysaccharides-β-glucans-as promising postbiotic candidates in vaccine adjuvants. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:346-361. [PMID: 36347372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The urgent task of creating new, enhanced adjuvants is closely related to our comprehension of their mechanisms of action. A few adjuvants have shown sufficient efficacy and low toxicity to be allowed for use in human vaccines, despite the fact that they have a long history and an important function. Adjuvants have long been used without a clear understanding of how precisely they augment the immune response. The rational production of stronger and safer adjuvants has been impeded by this lack of information, which necessitates more mechanistic research to support the development of vaccines. Carbohydrate structures-polygalactans, fructans, β-D-glucans, α-D-glucans, D-galactose, and D-glucose-are desirable candidates for the creation of vaccine adjuvants and immunomodulators because they serve important functions in nature and are often biocompatible, safe, and well tolerated. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in microbial-derived carbohydrate-based adjuvants, their immunostimulatory activity, and the implications of this for vaccine development, along with the critical view on the microbial sources, chemical composition, and biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Liu J, Zhang X, Wang H. The cGAS-STING-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the neurotoxicity induced by manganese exposure. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113680. [PMID: 36942606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become a global health challenge. Exposure to heavy metals represents a major health risk. Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element but also an environmental pollutant. Mn exposure can induce neurotoxicity and lead to neurodegenerative disease. Inflammation and Tau hyperphosphorylation are prominent hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases induced by Mn exposure. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway can induce powerful innate immune defense programmes and has emerged as a key mediator of inflammation. In recent years, Mn2+ has been found to be the second activator of the cGAS-STING pathway in addition to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). NLRP3 activation is upstream of Tau pathology, and NLRP3 activation induces Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. Mn exposure-induced neurotoxicity may be associated with excessive activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, leading to inflammation. The cGAS-STING/NLRP3 axis may be a promising option for revealing the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of Mn exposure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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22
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Małkowska P, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P. Factors affecting RIG-I-Like receptors activation - New research direction for viral hemorrhagic fevers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010635. [PMID: 36248895 PMCID: PMC9557057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) is a term referring to a group of life-threatening infections caused by several virus families (Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae and Flaviviridae). Depending on the virus, the infection can be mild and can be also characterized by an acute course with fever accompanied by hypervolemia and coagulopathy, resulting in bleeding and shock. It has been suggested that the course of the disease is strongly influenced by the activation of signaling pathways leading to RIG-I-like receptor-dependent interferon production. RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are one of two major receptor families that detect viral nucleic acid. RLR receptor activation is influenced by a number of factors that may have a key role in the differences that occur during the antiviral immune response in VHF. In the present study, we collected data on RLR receptors in viral hemorrhagic fevers and described factors that may influence the activation of the antiviral response. RLR receptors seem to be a good target for VHF research, which may contribute to better therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. However, due to the difficulty of conducting such studies in humans, we suggest using Lagovirus europaeus as an animal model for VHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Małkowska
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Paulina Małkowska,
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23
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Jain A, Mittal S, Tripathi LP, Nussinov R, Ahmad S. Host-pathogen protein-nucleic acid interactions: A comprehensive review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4415-4436. [PMID: 36051878 PMCID: PMC9420432 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of pathogen-derived nucleic acids by host cells is an effective host strategy to detect pathogenic invasion and trigger immune responses. In the context of pathogen-specific pharmacology, there is a growing interest in mapping the interactions between pathogen-derived nucleic acids and host proteins. Insight into the principles of the structural and immunological mechanisms underlying such interactions and their roles in host defense is necessary to guide therapeutic intervention. Here, we discuss the newest advances in studies of molecular interactions involving pathogen nucleic acids and host factors, including their drug design, molecular structure and specific patterns. We observed that two groups of nucleic acid recognizing molecules, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the cytoplasmic retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RLRs) form the backbone of host responses to pathogen nucleic acids, with additional support provided by absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and DNA-dependent activator of Interferons (IFNs)-regulatory factors (DAI) like cytosolic activity. We review the structural, immunological, and other biological aspects of these representative groups of molecules, especially in terms of their target specificity and affinity and challenges in leveraging host-pathogen protein-nucleic acid interactions (HP-PNI) in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Jain
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shikha Mittal
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
| | - Lokesh P. Tripathi
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shandar Ahmad
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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24
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Theobald SJ, Simonis A, Mudler JM, Göbel U, Acton R, Kohlhas V, Albert MC, Hellmann AM, Malin JJ, Winter S, Hallek M, Walczak H, Nguyen PH, Koch M, Rybniker J. Spleen tyrosine kinase mediates innate and adaptive immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15888. [PMID: 35785445 PMCID: PMC9349614 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Durable cell‐mediated immune responses require efficient innate immune signaling and the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. How precisely mRNA vaccines trigger innate immune cells for shaping antigen specific adaptive immunity remains unknown. Here, we show that SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccination primes human monocyte‐derived macrophages for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Spike protein exposed macrophages undergo NLRP3‐driven pyroptotic cell death and subsequently secrete mature interleukin‐1β. These effects depend on activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) coupled to C‐type lectin receptors. Using autologous cocultures, we show that SYK and NLRP3 orchestrate macrophage‐driven activation of effector memory T cells. Furthermore, vaccination‐induced macrophage priming can be enhanced with repetitive antigen exposure providing a rationale for prime‐boost concepts to augment innate immune signaling in SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. Collectively, these findings identify SYK as a regulatory node capable of differentiating between primed and unprimed macrophages, which modulate spike protein‐specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Theobald
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julie M Mudler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrike Göbel
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard Acton
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viktoria Kohlhas
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Albert
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Hellmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob J Malin
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Winter
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology,Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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25
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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26
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Advances in the Immunomodulatory Properties of Glycoantigens in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081854. [PMID: 35454762 PMCID: PMC9032556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This work reviews the role of aberrant glycosylation in cancer cells during tumour growth and spreading, as well as in immune evasion. The interaction of tumour-associated glycans with the immune system through C-type lectin receptors can favour immune escape but can also provide opportunities to develop novel tumour immunotherapy strategies. This work highlights the main findings in this area and spotlights the challenges that remain to be investigated. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation in tumour progression is currently a topic of main interest. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are expressed in a wide variety of epithelial cancers, being both a diagnostic tool and a potential treatment target, as they have impact on patient outcome and disease progression. Glycans affect both tumour-cell biology properties as well as the antitumor immune response. It has been ascertained that TACAs affect cell migration, invasion and metastatic properties both when expressed by cancer cells or by their extracellular vesicles. On the other hand, tumour-associated glycans recognized by C-type lectin receptors in immune cells possess immunomodulatory properties which enable tumour growth and immune response evasion. Yet, much remains unknown, concerning mechanisms involved in deregulation of glycan synthesis and how this affects cell biology on a major level. This review summarises the main findings to date concerning how aberrant glycans influence tumour growth and immunity, their application in cancer treatment and spotlights of unanswered challenges remaining to be solved.
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27
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Yu M, Chang S, Xu J, Zhang H, Jiang Y. Genome-wide identification of endosialin family of C-type lectins in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and their response following Aeromonas hydrophila infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:104338. [PMID: 34995551 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The endosialin family is the group XIV of C-type lectin, regulating several processes involved in innate immunity and inflammation. Endosialin family genes have been extensively studied in human and mammals, however, rarely reported in teleost. In the present study, a set of 8 endosialin family genes was identified across the entire common carp genome. Functional domain and motif prediction and phylogenetic analysis supported their annotation and orthologies. Through examining gene copy number across several vertebrates, endosialin family genes were found have undergone gene duplication. Most of the endosialin family genes were ubiquitously expressed during common carp early developmental stages, and presented tissue-specific expression patterns in various healthy tissues, with relatively high expression in intestine, liver, gill, spleen and kidney, indicating their likely essential roles in maintaining homeostasis and host immune response. After Aeromonas hydrophila infection, gene thbd-1, thbd-2 and cd93-2 were significantly up-regulated at one or more timepoints in spleen and kidney, while gene cd248a-1, cd248a-2, cd248b-1, cd248b-2, and cd93-1 were significantly down-regulated. Taken together, all these results suggested that endosialin family genes were involved in host immune response to A. hydrophila infection in common carp, and provided fundamental genomic resources for better understanding the critical roles of endosialin family on the primary innate immune processes in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yu
- College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songhuan Chang
- College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China.
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28
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhao J, Wang J, Song Q, Zhao C. The phagocytic receptors of β-glucan. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:430-441. [PMID: 35202631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis is a cellular process maintaining tissue balance and plays an essential role in initiating the innate immune response. The process of phagocytosis was triggered by the binding of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) with their cell surface receptors on the phagocytes. These receptors not only perform phagocytic functions, but also bridge the gap between extracellular and intracellular communication, leading to signal transduction and the production of inflammatory mediators, which are crucial for clearing the invading pathogens and maintaining cell homeostasis. For the past few years, the application of β-glucan comes down to immunoregulation and anti-tumor territory. As a well-known PAMP, β-glucan is one of the most abundant polysaccharides in nature. By binding to specific receptors on immune cells and activating intracellular signal transduction pathways, it causes phagocytosis and promotes the release of cytokines. Further retrieval and straightening out literature related to β-glucan phagocytic receptors will help better elucidate their immunomodulatory functions. This review attempts to summarize physicochemical properties and specific processes involved in β-glucan induced phagocytosis, its phagocytic receptors, and cascade events triggered by β-glucan at the cellular and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhuo Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xinning Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Qiaoling Song
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 23 East Hong Kong Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Innovation Platform of Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
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Luo X, Chen J, Yang H, Hu X, Alphonse MP, Shen Y, Kawakami Y, Zhou X, Tu W, Kawakami T, Wan M, Archer NK, Wang H, Gao P. Dendritic cell immunoreceptor drives atopic dermatitis by modulating oxidized CaMKII-involved mast cell activation. JCI Insight 2022; 7:152559. [PMID: 35113811 PMCID: PMC8983143 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergens have been identified as potential triggers in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). AD patients are highly sensitive to cockroach allergen. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Here, we established a cockroach allergen-induced AD-like mouse model and demonstrated that repeated exposure to cockroach allergen led to aggravated mouse skin inflammation, characterized by increased type 2 immunity, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), and mast cells. Increased skin mast cells were also observed in AD patients. AD mice with mast cell-deficient mice (kitW-sh/W-sh) showed diminished skin inflammation, suggesting that mast cells are required in allergen-induced skin inflammation. Furthermore, dendritic cell immuno-receptor (DCIR) is up-regulated in skin mast cells of AD patients and mediates allergen binding and uptake. DCIR-/- mice or reconstituted kitW-sh/W-sh mice with DCIR-/- mast cells showed a significant reduction in AD-like inflammation. Both in vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that DCIR-/- mast cells had reduced IgE-mediated mast cell activation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Mechanistically, DCIR regulates allergen-induced IgE-mediated mast cell ROS generation and oxidation of calmodulin kinase II (ox-CaMKII). ROS-resistant CaMKII (MM-VVδ) prevents allergen-induced mast cell activation and inflammatory mediator release. Our study reveals a previously unrecognized DCIR-ROS-CaMKII axis that controls allergen-induced mast cell activation and AD-like inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Luo
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Martin P Alphonse
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Yuko Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, United States of America
| | - Mei Wan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Nathan K Archer
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Hua Wang
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
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30
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Ning J, Zhou J, Wang H, Liu Y, Ahmad F, Feng X, Fu Y, Gu X, Zhao L. Parallel Evolution of C-Type Lectin Domain Gene Family Sizes in Insect-Vectored Nematodes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:856826. [PMID: 35557736 PMCID: PMC9085898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The dispersal stage of pathogens is crucial for the successful spread and infection of their hosts. Some plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) have evolved specialized dispersal stages to reach healthy hosts by being carried out by insect vectors. Because gene gain and loss is a major factor contributing to the evolution of novel characteristics, it is essential to clarify the gene family characteristics among nematodes with different dispersal modes to disentangle the evolution of insect-mediated dispersal. Here, the size of the C-type lectin (CTL) family genes of insect-vectored nematodes was found to be drastically reduced compared with those of self-dispersing nematodes, whereas the diversity of their functional domains was significantly higher. The gene family sizes of vector-dispersed nematodes were only a twentieth of the size of that of a self-dispersing (i.e., without a biotic vector) nematode model Caenorhabditis elegans, and these genes were inactive during the dispersal stage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some CTL genes of vector-borne PPNs shared higher homology to the animal parasitic nematodes compared with other PPNs. Moreover, homology modeling predicted that the CTLs of insect-vectored nematodes bear remarkable structural similarity to the lectin genes of their vector's immune system. Because CTL genes are important sugar-binding proteins for the innate immune response of C. elegans, the loss of some CTL genes of vector-transmitted PPNs might be responsible for their parallel adaptations to a mutualistic relationship with their vector. These results expand our understanding of the evolutionary benefits of vector-mediated transmission for the nematode and vector-nematode co-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixiang Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yaning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Faheem Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lilin Zhao
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31
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Tapia D, Kuznar J, Farlora R, Yáñez JM. Differential Transcriptomic Response of Rainbow Trout to Infection with Two Strains of IPNV. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010021. [PMID: 35062225 PMCID: PMC8780770 DOI: 10.3390/v14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The IPN virus (IPNV) causes a highly contagious disease that affects farmed salmonids. IPNV isolates have been phylogenetically classified into seven genogroups, of which two are present in Chile, genogroups 1 and 5. This study aimed to compare the transcriptomic response of rainbow trout fry challenged with two Chilean isolates of IPNV, RTTX (genogroup 1), and ALKA (genogroup 5). Tissue samples from challenged individuals and controls were taken at 1, 7, and 20 days post-challenge and analyzed by RNA-Seq. The results revealed that infection with RTTX elicited a greater modulation of the trout transcriptome compared to ALKA infection, generating a greater number of highly differentially expressed genes in relation to the control fish. Gene Ontology enrichment indicated that functions related to the inflammatory and immune responses were modulated in fish challenged with both isolates throughout the trial, but with different regulation patterns. On day 1 post challenge, these functions were activated in those challenged with ALKA, but suppressed in RTTX-challenged fish. These results suggest that rainbow trout exhibit a differential transcriptomic response to infection with the two genetically distinct IPNV isolates, especially at early times post-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tapia
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile;
- Doctorado en Acuicultura, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Universidad Católica del Norte, Universidad de Chile, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile
| | - Juan Kuznar
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Rodolfo Farlora
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Acuática y Genómica Reproductiva, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile
| | - José M. Yáñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile;
- Center for Research and Innovation in Aquaculture (CRIA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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32
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Jiang N, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Meng Y, Liu W, Li Y, Xue M, Robert J, Zeng L. The Immune System and the Antiviral Responses in Chinese Giant Salamander, Andrias davidianus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:718627. [PMID: 34675918 PMCID: PMC8524050 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.718627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese giant salamander, belonging to an ancient amphibian lineage, is the largest amphibian existing in the world, and is also an important animal for artificial cultivation in China. However, some aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system of the Chinese giant salamander are still unknown. The Chinese giant salamander iridovirus (GSIV), a member of the Ranavirus genus (family Iridoviridae), is a prominent pathogen causing high mortality and severe economic losses in Chinese giant salamander aquaculture. As a serious threat to amphibians worldwide, the etiology of ranaviruses has been mainly studied in model organisms, such as the Ambystoma tigrinum and Xenopus. Nevertheless, the immunity to ranavirus in Chinese giant salamander is distinct from other amphibians and less known. We review the unique immune system and antiviral responses of the Chinese giant salamander, in order to establish effective management of virus disease in Chinese giant salamander artificial cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yuding Fan
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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33
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Importance of particle size of oligomannose-coated liposomes for induction of Th1 immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:108068. [PMID: 34426114 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oligomannose-coated liposomes (OMLs) comprised of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and Man3-DPPE at a molar ratio of 1:1:0.1 and particle diameters of about 1000 nm can induce liposome-encased antigen-specific strong Th1 immunity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of particle sizes of OMLs on induction of Th1 immune responses in mice. Spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with antigen-encapsulating OMLs with 1000- and 800-nm diameters secreted remarkably high levels of IFN-γ upon in vitro stimulation. In addition, sera of mice that received these OMLs had significantly higher titers of antigen-specific IgG2a than those of IgG1, which are commonly associated with Th1 responses. In contrast, treatment with antigen-encapsulating OMLs with 400- and 200-nm diameters failed to induce IFN-γ secretion from spleen cells, although these OMLs did elicit elevation of antigen-specific IgGs. In addition, the titers of serum antigen-specific IgG2a were the same as those of IgG1 in mice that received 400-nm OMLs. Resident peritoneal mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) treated with OMLs of diameter ≥ 600 nm secreted IL-12, which is essential for induction of Th1 immune responses, while those treated with OMLs of ≤ 400 nm failed to produce this cytokine. However, 400-nm OMLs did induce enhanced expression of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules on MNPs, similarly to OMLs of ≥ 600 nm. Taken together, these results strongly indicate that OMLs of diameter ≥ 600 nm are required to induce Th1 immune responses against OML-encased antigens, although OMLs of diameter ≤ 400 nm can activate MNPs.
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34
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Hoffmann D, Mereiter S, Jin Oh Y, Monteil V, Elder E, Zhu R, Canena D, Hain L, Laurent E, Grünwald-Gruber C, Klausberger M, Jonsson G, Kellner MJ, Novatchkova M, Ticevic M, Chabloz A, Wirnsberger G, Hagelkruys A, Altmann F, Mach L, Stadlmann J, Oostenbrink C, Mirazimi A, Hinterdorfer P, Penninger JM. Identification of lectin receptors for conserved SARS-CoV-2 glycosylation sites. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108375. [PMID: 34375000 PMCID: PMC8420505 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New SARS‐CoV‐2 variants are continuously emerging with critical implications for therapies or vaccinations. The 22 N‐glycan sites of Spike remain highly conserved among SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, opening an avenue for robust therapeutic intervention. Here we used a comprehensive library of mammalian carbohydrate‐binding proteins (lectins) to probe critical sugar residues on the full‐length trimeric Spike and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2. Two lectins, Clec4g and CD209c, were identified to strongly bind to Spike. Clec4g and CD209c binding to Spike was dissected and visualized in real time and at single‐molecule resolution using atomic force microscopy. 3D modelling showed that both lectins can bind to a glycan within the RBD‐ACE2 interface and thus interferes with Spike binding to cell surfaces. Importantly, Clec4g and CD209c significantly reduced SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. These data report the first extensive map and 3D structural modelling of lectin‐Spike interactions and uncovers candidate receptors involved in Spike binding and SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. The capacity of CLEC4G and mCD209c lectins to block SARS‐CoV‐2 viral entry holds promise for pan‐variant therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hoffmann
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yoo Jin Oh
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Vanessa Monteil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Rong Zhu
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Daniel Canena
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Lisa Hain
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Laurent
- Department of Biotechnology and BOKU Core Facility Biomolecular & Cellular Analysis, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Miriam Klausberger
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustav Jonsson
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Max J Kellner
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Novatchkova
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melita Ticevic
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antoine Chabloz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Astrid Hagelkruys
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Mach
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stadlmann
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chris Oostenbrink
- Department for Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute for Molecular Modeling and Simulation, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ali Mirazimi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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35
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Timmer BJJ, Mooibroek TJ. A Simple Strategy to Obtain Synthetic Ca
2+
‐Dependent Lectin Mimics. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. J. Timmer
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tiddo J. Mooibroek
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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36
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Alzhrani RF, Xu H, Valdes SA, Naguib YW, Cui Z. Effect of surface mannosylation on the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of stearoyl gemcitabine-incorporated, acid-sensitive micelles. COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 43:100441. [PMID: 34307073 PMCID: PMC8294156 DOI: 10.1016/j.colcom.2021.100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Elevated expression of C-type like receptors (CLRs) by tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) present a unique target for the delivery of anticancer agents. Stearoyl gemcitabine (GemC18)-incorporated, acid-sensitive micelles (G-AS-M) prepared with a stearoyl polyethylene glycol (PEG2000) hydrazone were surface-mannosylated in this study for potential targeted killing of tumor cells and TAMs. The surface mannosylated micelles (i.e. G-MAS-M) were significantly more cytotoxic than the G-AS-M micelles to macrophages and tumor cells that express CLRs. Surprisingly, the uptake of GemC18 in the mannosylated G-MAS-M micelles by the macrophages and tumor cells was lower than that of GemC18 in the G-AS-M micelles. The lack of correlation between the cytoxicity and cellular uptake of GemC18 in the micelles was likely caused by a reduction in the sensitivity of the hydrazone bond linking the PEG2000 to the mannosylated G-MAS-M micelles to hydrolysis, resulting in more stable micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyad F. Alzhrani
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy,
Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Haiyue Xu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy,
Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Solange A. Valdes
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy,
Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Youssef W. Naguib
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy,
Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, USA
- Deparment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia
University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy,
Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, USA
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37
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Dastmalchi F, Deleyrolle LP, Karachi A, Mitchell DA, Rahman M. Metabolomics Monitoring of Treatment Response to Brain Tumor Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:691246. [PMID: 34150663 PMCID: PMC8209463 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.691246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized care for many solid tissue malignancies, and is being investigated for efficacy in the treatment of malignant brain tumors. Identifying a non-invasive monitoring technique such as metabolomics monitoring to predict patient response to immunotherapy has the potential to simplify treatment decision-making and to ensure therapy is tailored based on early patient response. Metabolomic analysis of peripheral immune response is feasible due to large metabolic shifts that immune cells undergo when activated. The utility of this approach is under investigation. In this review, we discuss the metabolic changes induced during activation of an immune response, and the role of metabolic profiling to monitor immune responses in the context of immunotherapy for malignant brain tumors. This review provides original insights into how metabolomics monitoring could have an important impact in the field of tumor immunotherapy if achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Dastmalchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Loic P Deleyrolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Aida Karachi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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38
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Paul AK, Paul A, Jahan R, Jannat K, Bondhon TA, Hasan A, Nissapatorn V, Pereira ML, Wilairatana P, Rahmatullah M. Probiotics and Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Significant Roles of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1070. [PMID: 34065638 PMCID: PMC8157104 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that can lead to disability conditions with swollen joints, pain, stiffness, cartilage degradation, and osteoporosis. Genetic, epigenetic, sex-specific factors, smoking, air pollution, food, oral hygiene, periodontitis, Prevotella, and imbalance in the gastrointestinal microbiota are possible sources of the initiation or progression of rheumatoid arthritis, although the detailed mechanisms still need to be elucidated. Probiotics containing Lactobacillus spp. are commonly used as alleviating agents or food supplements to manage diarrhea, dysentery, develop immunity, and maintain general health. The mechanism of action of Lactobacillus spp. against rheumatoid arthritis is still not clearly known to date. In this narrative review, we recapitulate the findings of recent studies to understand the overall pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and the roles of probiotics, particularly L. casei or L. acidophilus, in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in clinical and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K. Paul
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Anita Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Rownak Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Khoshnur Jannat
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Tohmina A. Bondhon
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Anamul Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Maria L. Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (A.K.P.); (R.J.); (K.J.); (T.A.B.); (A.H.)
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Macedo-da-Silva J, Santiago VF, Rosa-Fernandes L, Marinho CRF, Palmisano G. Protein glycosylation in extracellular vesicles: Structural characterization and biological functions. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:226-246. [PMID: 33933815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles involved in intercellular communication, delivery of biomolecules from donor to recipient cells, cellular disposal and homeostasis, potential biomarkers and drug carriers. The content of EVs includes DNA, lipids, metabolites, proteins, and microRNA, which have been studied in various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, pregnancy, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders. EVs are enriched in glycoconjugates and exhibit specific glycosignatures. Protein glycosylation is a co- and post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in the expression and function of exosomal proteins. N- and O-linked protein glycosylation has been mapped in exosomal proteins. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of glycosylation in EVs proteins. Initially, we describe the main PTMs in EVs with a focus on glycosylation. Then, we explore glycan-binding proteins describing the main findings of studies that investigated the glycosylation of EVs in cancer, pregnancy, infectious diseases, diabetes, mental disorders, and animal fluids. We have highlighted studies that have developed innovative methods for studying the content of EVs. In addition, we present works related to lipid glycosylation. We explored the content of studies deposited in public databases, such as Exocarta and Vesiclepedia. Finally, we discuss analytical methods for structural characterization of glycoconjugates and present an overview of the critical points of the study of glycosylation EVs, as well as perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Macedo-da-Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica F Santiago
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Rosa-Fernandes
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio R F Marinho
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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40
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TREM2 is a receptor for non-glycosylated mycolic acids of mycobacteria that limits anti-mycobacterial macrophage activation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2299. [PMID: 33863908 PMCID: PMC8052348 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterial cell-wall glycolipids elicit an anti-mycobacterial immune response via FcRγ-associated C-type lectin receptors, including Mincle, and caspase-recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9). Additionally, mycobacteria harbor immuno-evasive cell-wall lipids associated with virulence and latency; however, a mechanism of action is unclear. Here, we show that the DAP12-associated triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) recognizes mycobacterial cell-wall mycolic acid (MA)-containing lipids and suggest a mechanism by which mycobacteria control host immunity via TREM2. Macrophages respond to glycosylated MA-containing lipids in a Mincle/FcRγ/CARD9-dependent manner to produce inflammatory cytokines and recruit inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-positive mycobactericidal macrophages. Conversely, macrophages respond to non-glycosylated MAs in a TREM2/DAP12-dependent but CARD9-independent manner to recruit iNOS-negative mycobacterium-permissive macrophages. Furthermore, TREM2 deletion enhances Mincle-induced macrophage activation in vitro and inflammation in vivo and accelerates the elimination of mycobacterial infection, suggesting that TREM2-DAP12 signaling counteracts Mincle-FcRγ-CARD9-mediated anti-mycobacterial immunity. Mycobacteria, therefore, harness TREM2 for immune evasion. Mycobacterial cell wall lipids can drive immunoevasion, but underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here the authors show TREM2 is a pattern recognition receptor that binds non-glycosylated mycolic acid-containing lipids and inhibits Mincle-induced anti-mycobacterial macrophage responses.
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41
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603224. [PMID: 33763351 PMCID: PMC7982729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Suares
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Medina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar Coso
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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42
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224
expr 816899697 + 824303767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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43
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He M, Han Y, Cai C, Liu P, Chen Y, Shen H, Xu X, Zeng S. CLEC10A is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with clinical pathologic features and immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3391-3399. [PMID: 33655701 PMCID: PMC8034442 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CLEC10A, (C-type lectin domain family 10, member A), as the member of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), plays a vital role in modulating innate immunity and adaptive immunity and has shown great potential as an immunotherapy target for cancers. However, there is no functional research of CLEC10A in prognostic risk, immunotherapy or any other treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We performed bioinformatics analysis on LUAD data downloaded from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), and jointly analysed with online databases such as HPA, LinkedOmics, TIMER, ESTIMATE and TISIDB. We found that lower expression of CLEC10A was accompanied with worse outcomes of LUAD patients. Moreover, CLEC10A expression was significantly correlated with a variety of the tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). As a promising prognosis predictor and potential immunotherapy target, the potential influence and mechanisms of CLEC10A in LUAD deserve further exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changjing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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44
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Álvarez B, Revilla C, Domínguez J, Ezquerra A. Expression of CLEC4A in porcine tissues and leukocyte populations and characterization of mRNA splice variants. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:157-164. [PMID: 33592571 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CLECs are a group of molecules of the superfamily of C-type lectin domain containing receptors. Several receptors of this group have been described in humans and mice, as well as in other species. Many of them are expressed in immune cells, and have been shown to be involved in immune response modulation. Several molecules of this family have been proposed as targets for antigen delivery, which is what drew our interest in studying them in the pig. In this species only CLEC7A (also named Dectin-1) had been studied in some detail, and we have characterized two other members, CLEC12A and CLEC12B. Another molecule of interest was CLEC4A, for which we could not find any expression studies in pigs, although up to 5 different mRNA variants had been predicted by bioinformatics analysis of the genomic sequence in databases. Here we present an analysis of the expression of CLEC4A mRNA isoforms in tissues and blood cell subsets by PCR. Cloning and sequencing of cDNA of the different isoforms allowed us to identify all 5 predicted isoforms, in addition to characterizing 5 additional isoforms expressed in alveolar macrophages, of which the form coding for a canonical CLEC4A molecule was apparently the most abundant isoform. Analysis of the sequences of the 10 cDNA cloned allowed us to determine their exon usage and to identify their potential for protein coding. Only 8 of the characterized variants contain a recognizable coding sequence. The sequences of the coded proteins show both proteins with a putative transmembrane segment, and others without this feature, as well as proteins with the complete CLEC domain or with diverse truncated forms. We also prove that most of the cDNA can drive protein expression upon transfection in the CHO cell line. We discuss the relevance that the diversity of products of the porcine CLEC4A gene may have in the regulation of the expression and function of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Álvarez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Dpto. Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Revilla
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Dpto. Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Domínguez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Dpto. Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Ezquerra
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Dpto. Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain.
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45
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Weng GX, Ling T, Hou W, Li SN, Chen T, Zhang Z, Wang DD, Xu LG. Mitochondrial DUT-M potentiates RLR-mediated antiviral signaling by enhancing VISA and TRAF2 association. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:117-125. [PMID: 33582548 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Upon recognition of intracytoplasmic viral RNA, activated RIG-I is recruited to the mitochondrion-located adaptor protein VISA (also known as MAVS, CARDIF, and IPS-1). VISA then acts as a central signaling platform for linking RIG-I and downstream signaling components, such as TRAF2, 5, and 6, TBK1, and IKK, leading to activation of the kinases TBK1 and IKK. These activated kinases further phosphorylate the transcription factors IRF3/7 and NF-κB, leading to the induction of downstream antiviral genes. Here, we report a mitochondrial isoform, deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase), DUT-M, as a positive regulator in RLR-VISA-mediated antiviral signaling. DUT-M interacts with VISA and RIG-I to facilitate the assembly of the VISA-TRAF2 complex and to augment the polyubiquitination of TRAF2, leading to potentiated activation of IRF3 dimerization and phosphorylation of P65, and enhanced VISA-mediated innate immune response. RLR-VISA-mediated IRF3 dimerization and P65 phosphorylation, were inhibited in DUT-knockdown and DUT-deficient 293 cells. Thus, DUT-M is a positive regulator of the RIG-I-VISA-mediated innate immune response to RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xiu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Ting Ling
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Wen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Sheng-Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Liang-Guo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China.
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46
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Cohen-Kedar S, Keizer D, Schwartz S, Rabinowitz KM, Kaboub K, Shaham Barda E, Sadot E, Wolff-Bar M, Shaltiel T, Dotan I. Commensal fungi and their cell-wall β-glucans direct differential responses in human intestinal epithelial cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:864-878. [PMID: 33616974 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are the first to encounter luminal antigens and play an active role in intestinal immune responses. We previously reported that β-glucans, major fungal cell-wall glycans, induced chemokine secretion by IEC lines in a Dectin-1- and Syk-dependent manner. Here, we show that in contrast to β-glucans, stimulation of IEC lines with Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not induce secretion of any of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8, CCL2, CXCL1, and GM-CSF. Commensal fungi and β-glucans activated Syk and ERK in IEC lines. However, only β-glucans activated p38, JNK, and the transcription factors NF-κB p65 and c-JUN, which were necessary for cytokine secretion. Furthermore, costimulation of IEC lines with β-glucans and C. albicans yielded decreased cytokine secretion compared to stimulation with β-glucans alone. Finally, ex vivo stimulation of human colonic mucosal explants with zymosan and C. albicans, leads to epithelial Syk and ERK phosphorylation, implying recognition of fungi and similar initial signaling pathways as in IEC lines. Lack of cytokine secretion in response to commensal fungi may reflect IECs' response to fungal glycans, other than β-glucans, that contribute to mucosal tolerance. Skewed epithelial response to commensal fungi may impair homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Cohen-Kedar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Danielle Keizer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suzana Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren M Rabinowitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kawsar Kaboub
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Efrat Shaham Barda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Sadot
- Department of Surgery, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Meirav Wolff-Bar
- Department of Pathology, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Tali Shaltiel
- Department of Surgery, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Iris Dotan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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47
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Oulee A, Ma F, Teles RMB, de Andrade Silva BJ, Pellegrini M, Klechevsky E, Harman AN, Rhodes JW, Modlin RL. Identification of Genes Encoding Antimicrobial Proteins in Langerhans Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695373. [PMID: 34512625 PMCID: PMC8426439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) reside in the epidermis where they are poised to mount an antimicrobial response against microbial pathogens invading from the outside environment. To elucidate potential pathways by which LCs contribute to host defense, we mined published LC transcriptomes deposited in GEO and the scientific literature for genes that participate in antimicrobial responses. Overall, we identified 31 genes in LCs that encode proteins that contribute to antimicrobial activity, ten of which were cross-validated in at least two separate experiments. Seven of these ten antimicrobial genes encode chemokines, CCL1, CCL17, CCL19, CCL2, CCL22, CXCL14 and CXCL2, which mediate both antimicrobial and inflammatory responses. Of these, CCL22 was detected in seven of nine transcriptomes and by PCR in cultured LCs. Overall, the antimicrobial genes identified in LCs encode proteins with broad antibacterial activity, including against Staphylococcus aureus, which is the leading cause of skin infections. Thus, this study illustrates that LCs, consistent with their anatomical location, are programmed to mount an antimicrobial response against invading pathogens in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aislyn Oulee
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rosane M B Teles
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bruno J de Andrade Silva
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eynav Klechevsky
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrew N Harman
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Jake W Rhodes
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sydney, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert L Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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48
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Ghosh R, Bryant DL, Farone AL. Panax quinquefolius (North American Ginseng) Polysaccharides as Immunomodulators: Current Research Status and Future Directions. Molecules 2020; 25:E5854. [PMID: 33322293 PMCID: PMC7763949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax quinquefolius (North American ginseng, NAG) is a popular medicinal plant used widely in traditional medicine. NAG products are currently available in various forms such as roots, extracts, nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, energy drinks, etc. NAG polysaccharides are recognized as one of the major bioactive ingredients. However, most NAG reviews are focused on ginsenosides with little information on polysaccharides. NAG polysaccharides have demonstrated a therapeutic activity in numerous studies, in which many of the bioactivities involve regulation of the immune response. The purpose of this review is to summarize the structural features and the immunomodulatory properties of crude, partially purified, and pure polysaccharides isolated from NAG. Receptors of the innate immune system that potentially bind to NAG polysaccharides and the respective signal transduction pathways initiated by these compounds are discussed. Major challenges, recent innovations, and future directions in NAG polysaccharide research are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Daniel L. Bryant
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA;
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Anthony L. Farone
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA;
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
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49
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Mellert K, Benckendorff J, Leithäuser F, Zimmermann K, Wiegand P, Frascaroli G, Buck M, Malaise M, Hartmann G, Barchet W, Fürst D, Mytilineos J, Mayer-Steinacker R, Viardot A, Möller P. U-DCS: characterization of the first permanent human dendritic sarcoma cell line. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21221. [PMID: 33277516 PMCID: PMC7718904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A dendritic cell sarcoma cell line, U-DCS, was established from a dendritic cell sarcoma in a 53-year-old Caucasian male patient. Since its establishment, U-DCS has maintained stable phenotypic characteristics in vitro and has a doubling time of approximately 2 days under standard culture conditions. U-DCS is growing with typical dendritic cell morphology in tissue and expresses the dendritic cell sarcoma immunophenotypic markers S100 protein, MHCI, MHCII, and vimentin. Expression analysis revealed transcripts for the toll-like receptors TLR3, -4, -9 and DDX58 (RIG-I), but not for TLR2. U-DCS shows functional features of dendritic cells with the ability of phagocytosis and antigen-specific T cell stimulation. Karyotype-, CGH-, and mFISH analysis point to a chromosomal instability and a hypotetraploid karyotype with approximately 130 chromosomes. U-DCS is the first immortalized human dendritic cell sarcoma cell line and has some morphological and functional features of dendritic cells without dependency on growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mellert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian Benckendorff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Zimmermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Wiegand
- Institute for Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Buck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Muriel Malaise
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Fürst
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joannis Mytilineos
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Viardot
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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50
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Pandey S, Gruenbaum A, Kanashova T, Mertins P, Cluzel P, Chevrier N. Pairwise Stimulations of Pathogen-Sensing Pathways Predict Immune Responses to Multi-adjuvant Combinations. Cell Syst 2020; 11:495-508.e10. [PMID: 33113356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The immune system makes decisions in response to combinations of multiple microbial inputs. We do not understand the combinatorial logic governing how higher-order combinations of microbial signals shape immune responses. Here, using coculture experiments and statistical analyses, we discover a general property for the combinatorial sensing of microbial signals, whereby the effects of triplet combinations of microbial signals on immune responses can be predicted by combining the effects of single and pairs. Mechanistically, we find that singles and pairs dictate the information signaled by triplets in mouse and human DCs at the levels of transcription, chromatin, and protein secretion. We exploit this simplifying property to develop cell-based immunotherapies prepared with adjuvant combinations that trigger protective responses in mouse models of cancer. We conclude that the processing of multiple input signals by innate immune cells is governed by pairwise effects, which will inform the rationale combination of adjuvants to manipulate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Pandey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Adam Gruenbaum
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tamara Kanashova
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philippe Cluzel
- School of Engineering and Applied Science & Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nicolas Chevrier
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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