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Kim GD, Shin DU, Song HJ, Lim KM, Eom JE, Lim EY, Kim YI, Song JH, Kim HJ, Lee SY, Shin HS. Analysis of particulate matter-induced alteration of genes and related signaling pathways in the respiratory system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116637. [PMID: 38941663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a global environmental risk factor threatening human health and is a major cause of cardiovascular and respiratory disease-associated death. Current studies on PM exposure have been limited to large-scale cohort and epidemiological investigations, emphasizing the need for detailed individual-level studies to uncover specific differentially expressed genes and their associated signaling mechanisms. Herein, we revealed that PM exposure significantly upregulated inflammatory and immune responses, such as cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, complement system, and the activation and migration of immune cells in gene set enrichment analysis of our RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data. Remarkably, we discovered that the broad gene expression and signaling pathways mediated by macrophages were predominantly expressed in the respiratory system following PM exposure. Consistent with these observations, individual PMs, classified by aerodynamic size and origin, significantly promoted macrophage recruitment to the lungs in the mouse lung inflammation model. Additionally, we confirmed that RNAseq observations from the respiratory system were reproduced in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and the alveolar macrophage cell line MH-S after individual PM exposure. Our findings demonstrated that PM exposure augmented broad inflammatory and immune responses in the respiratory system and suggested the reinforcement of global strategies for reducing particulate air pollution to prevent respiratory diseases and their exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ji Song
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Eom
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hye Song
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jung Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Jenner A, Garcia-Saez AJ. The regulation of the apoptotic pore-An immunological tightrope walk. Adv Immunol 2024; 162:59-108. [PMID: 38866439 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Apoptotic pore formation in mitochondria is the pivotal point for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis. It is regulated by BCL-2 family proteins in response to various cellular stress triggers and mediates mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). This allows the release of mitochondrial contents into the cytosol, which triggers rapid cell death and clearance through the activation of caspases. However, under conditions of low caspase activity, the mitochondrial contents released into the cytosol through apoptotic pores serve as inflammatory signals and activate various inflammatory responses. In this chapter, we discuss how the formation of the apoptotic pore is regulated by BCL-2 proteins as well as other cellular or mitochondrial proteins and membrane lipids. Moreover, we highlight the importance of sublethal MOMP in the regulation of mitochondrial-activated inflammation and discuss its physiological consequences in the context of pathogen infection and disease and how it can potentially be exploited therapeutically, for example to improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jenner
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana J Garcia-Saez
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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3
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Nascimento M, Huot-Marchand S, Fanny M, Straube M, Le Bert M, Savigny F, Apetoh L, Van Snick J, Trovero F, Chamaillard M, Quesniaux VFJ, Ryffel B, Gosset P, Gombault A, Riteau N, Sokol H, Couillin I. NLRP6 controls pulmonary inflammation from cigarette smoke in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224383. [PMID: 38146368 PMCID: PMC10749332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS) and characterized by breathlessness and repeated airway inflammation. NLRP6 is a cytosolic innate receptor controlling intestinal inflammation and orchestrating the colonic host-microbial interface. However, its roles in the lungs remain largely unexplored. Using CS exposure models, our data show that airway inflammation is strongly impaired in Nlrp6-deficient mice with drastically fewer recruited neutrophils, a key cell subset in inflammation and COPD. We found that NLRP6 expression in lung epithelial cells is important to control airway and lung tissue inflammation in an inflammasome-dependent manner. Since gut-derived metabolites regulate NLRP6 inflammasome activation in intestinal epithelial cells, we investigated the link between NLRP6, CS-driven lung inflammation, and gut microbiota composition. We report that acute CS exposure alters gut microbiota in both wild-type (WT) and Nlrp6-deficient mice and that antibiotic treatment decreases CS-induced lung inflammation. In addition, gut microbiota transfer from dysbiotic Nlrp6-deficient mice to WT mice decreased airway lung inflammation in WT mice, highlighting an NLRP6-dependent gut-to-lung axis controlling pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Nascimento
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Sarah Huot-Marchand
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Manoussa Fanny
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Marjolène Straube
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroenterologie, Paris, France
| | - Marc Le Bert
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Florence Savigny
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | | | | | | | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Univ. Lille, Institut National de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1003 - Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire (PHYCEL) - Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
| | - Valérie F. J. Quesniaux
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Institut PASTEUR INSERM U1019, Centre National de Recherche (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Gombault
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Nicolas Riteau
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Antoine, Service de Gastroenterologie, Paris, France
- Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR1319 Micalis, AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Centre for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Couillin
- University of Orleans and Centre National de Recherche scientifique (CNRS), Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM)-UMR7355, Orleans, France
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4
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Iwamura C, Ohnuki H, Flomerfelt FA, Zheng L, Carletti A, Wakashin H, Mikami Y, Brooks SR, Kanno Y, Gress RE, Tosato G, Nakayama T, O'Shea JJ, Sher A, Jankovic D. Microbial ligand-independent regulation of lymphopoiesis by NOD1. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:2080-2090. [PMID: 37957354 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant differentiation of progenitor cells in the hematopoietic system is known to severely impact host immune responsiveness. Here we demonstrate that NOD1, a cytosolic innate sensor of bacterial peptidoglycan, also functions in murine hematopoietic cells as a major regulator of both the generation and differentiation of lymphoid progenitors as well as peripheral T lymphocyte homeostasis. We further show that NOD1 mediates these functions by facilitating STAT5 signaling downstream of hematopoietic cytokines. In steady-state, loss of NOD1 resulted in a modest but significant decrease in numbers of mature T, B and natural killer cells. During systemic protozoan infection this defect was markedly enhanced, leading to host mortality. Lack of functional NOD1 also impaired T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity while preventing colitis. These findings reveal that, in addition to its classical role as a bacterial ligand receptor, NOD1 plays an important function in regulating adaptive immunity through interaction with a major host cytokine signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Iwamura
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, and Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Ohnuki
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francis A Flomerfelt
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexie Carletti
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hidefumi Wakashin
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald E Gress
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna Tosato
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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5
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Naif S, Majed R, Mohieldin E, Hanan A, Lamis A, Maha A. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratios in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1647-1652. [PMID: 35830215 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2092752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a role in the etiopathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A retrospective case-control study was conducted to assess the significance of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a systemic inflammatory indicator in dry AMD. Clinical diagnosis and complete blood count (CBC) results were extracted from medical records for patients with dry AMD and age/sex-matched controls. This study included 90 patients diagnosed with dry AMD and 270 controls without AMD. There were no significant differences in the CBC results between the cases and controls. Patients with dry AMD had a slightly higher mean NLR than controls; however, this increase was not significant (P = .13). In the NLR model, age and sex were significant factors affecting the NLR values in the dry AMD group (P = .03 and 0.01, respectively). The NLR alone cannot predict dry AMD. Therefore, exploring other routine laboratory measurements may shed light on early disease prediction and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sannan Naif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadan Majed
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayid Mohieldin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alghamdi Hanan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alghamdi Lamis
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alqahtani Maha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Li WS, Zhang QQ, Li Q, Liu SY, Yuan GQ, Pan YW. Innate immune response restarts adaptive immune response in tumors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260705. [PMID: 37781382 PMCID: PMC10538570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance of immune response plays a crucial role in the development of diseases, including glioblastoma. It is essential to comprehend how the innate immune system detects tumors and pathogens. Endosomal and cytoplasmic sensors can identify diverse cancer cell antigens, triggering the production of type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This, in turn, stimulates interferon stimulating genes, enhancing the presentation of cancer antigens, and promoting T cell recognition and destruction of cancer cells. While RNA and DNA sensing of tumors and pathogens typically involve different receptors and adapters, their interaction can activate adaptive immune response mechanisms. This review highlights the similarity in RNA and DNA sensing mechanisms in the innate immunity of both tumors and pathogens. The aim is to enhance the anti-tumor innate immune response, identify regions of the tumor that are not responsive to treatment, and explore new targets to improve the response to conventional tumor therapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-shan Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Qing-qing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Qiao Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shang-yu Liu
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guo-qiang Yuan
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-wen Pan
- The Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Liu S, Zheng J, Li F, Chi M, Cheng S, Jiang W, Liu Y, Gu Z, Zhao J. Chromosome-scale assembly and quantitative trait locus mapping for major economic traits of the Culter alburnus genome using Illumina and PacBio sequencing with Hi-C mapping information. Front Genet 2023; 14:1072506. [PMID: 37303957 PMCID: PMC10248148 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1072506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Topmouth culter (Culter alburnus) is an economically important freshwater fish with high nutritional value. However, its potential genetic advantages have not been fully exploited. Therefore, we aimed to determine the genome sequence of C. alburnus and examine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to major economic traits. The results showed that 24 pseudochromosomes were anchored by 914.74 Mb of the C. alburnus genome sequence. De novo sequencing identified 31,279 protein-coding genes with an average length of 8507 bp and average coding sequ ence of 1115 bp. In addition, a high-density genetic linkage map consisting of 24 linkage groups was constructed based on 353,532 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms and 4,710 bin markers. A total of 28 QTLs corresponding to 11 genes, 26 QTLs corresponding to 11 genes, and 12 QTLs corresponding to 5 genes were identified for sex, intermuscular spine number and body weight traits, respectively. In this study, we assembled an accurate and nearly complete genome of C. alburnus by combining Illumina, PacBio, and high-throughput Chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies. In addition, we identified QTLs that explained variances in intermuscular spine number, body weight, and sex differences in C. alburnus. These genetic markers or candidate genes associated with growth traits provide a basis for marker-assisted selection in C. alburnus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Meili Chi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Shun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Wenping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Jinliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Rajan S, Tryphena KP, Khan S, Vora L, Srivastava S, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Understanding the involvement of innate immunity and the Nrf2-NLRP3 axis on mitochondrial health in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101915. [PMID: 36963313 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a multifactorial movement disorder, is interlinked with numerous molecular pathways, including neuroinflammation, which is a critical factor in the development and progression of PD. Microglia play a central role in driving neuroinflammation through activation and overexpression of the M1 phenotype, which has a significant impact on mitochondria. Multiple regulators converge together, and among these, the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes have been implicated in transmitting inflammatory and deleterious components to the mitochondria. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome and acts as the saviour of the mitochondria. Together, the NLRP3-Nrf2 axis functions in regulating mitochondrial function in the case of PD. It regulates fundamental processes such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial respiratory function, and mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, we discuss the contributions that a variety of miRNAs make to the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and Nrf2, which can be used to target this important axis and contribute to the preservation of mitochondrial integrity. This axis may prove to be a crucial target for extending the lives of Parkinson's patients by deferring neuroinflammatory damage to mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rajan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Sabiya Khan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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9
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Del Prete A, Salvi V, Soriani A, Laffranchi M, Sozio F, Bosisio D, Sozzani S. Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:432-447. [PMID: 36949244 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor cell-associated antigens to naïve T cells, DCs are instrumental in the generation of specific T-cell-mediated antitumor effector responses in the control of tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Within an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, DC antitumor functions can, however, be severely impaired. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of DC capture and activation by tumor cell antigens and the role of the tumor microenvironment in shaping DC functions, taking advantage of recent studies showing the phenotype acquisition, transcriptional state and functional programs revealed by scRNA-seq analysis. The therapeutic potential of DC-mediated tumor antigen sensing in priming antitumor immunity is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Soriani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sozio
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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10
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Roelands J, van der Ploeg M, Ijsselsteijn ME, Dang H, Boonstra JJ, Hardwick JCH, Hawinkels LJAC, Morreau H, de Miranda NFCC. Transcriptomic and immunophenotypic profiling reveals molecular and immunological hallmarks of colorectal cancer tumourigenesis. Gut 2022:gutjnl-2022-327608. [PMID: 36442992 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biological insights into the stepwise development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) are imperative to develop tailored approaches for early detection and optimal clinical management of this disease. Here, we aimed to dissect the transcriptional and immunologic alterations that accompany malignant transformation in CRC and to identify clinically relevant biomarkers through spatial profiling of pT1 CRC samples. DESIGN We employed digital spatial profiling (GeoMx) on eight pT1 CRCs to study gene expression in the epithelial and stromal segments across regions of distinct histology, including normal mucosa, low-grade and high-grade dysplasia and cancer. Consecutive histology sections were profiled by imaging mass cytometry to reveal immune contextures. Finally, publicly available single-cell RNA-sequencing data was analysed to determine the cellular origin of relevant transcripts. RESULTS Comparison of gene expression between regions within pT1 CRC samples identified differentially expressed genes in the epithelium (n=1394 genes) and the stromal segments (n=1145 genes) across distinct histologies. Pathway analysis identified an early onset of inflammatory responses during malignant transformation, typified by upregulation of gene signatures such as innate immune sensing. We detected increased infiltration of myeloid cells and a shift in macrophage populations from pro-inflammatory HLA-DR+CD204- macrophages to HLA-DR-CD204+ immune-suppressive subsets from normal tissue through dysplasia to cancer, accompanied by the upregulation of the CD47/SIRPα 'don't eat me signal'. CONCLUSION Spatial profiling revealed the molecular and immunological landscape of CRC tumourigenesis at early disease stage. We identified biomarkers with strong association with disease progression as well as targetable immune processes that are exploitable in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Roelands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manon van der Ploeg
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hao Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjen J Boonstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James C H Hardwick
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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11
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An J, Cao X, Feng M, Hu B, Wu J, Gang Y, Jian S, Wen C. MAPK/MAK/MRK overlapping kinase mediated apoptosis through caspase signaling pathway from Cristaria plicata. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 133:104427. [PMID: 35460761 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
MAPK/MAK/MRK Overlapping Kinase (MOK) belongs to MAP kinase superfamily, which plays an important role in regulating cell growth, division, and differentiation. Caspase-3, as the final executor of apoptosis, has an important position in the caspase-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway. The full-length cDNA of MOK and caspase-3 were cloned from Cristaria plicata (designated CpMOK and CpCaspase-3). The CpMOK gene was sequence with a full-length of 1413 bp, encoding a total of 470 amino acids, and containing an S_TKc structural domain. CpCaspase-3 has a sequence of 2425 bp, encoding 322 amino acids, containing a CASc domain. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis showed that CpMOK and CpCaspase-3 distributed in various tissues of C. plicata, and the highest expression of CpMOK and CpCaspase-3 mRNA was in hepatopancreas. The expression of CpMOK was significantly changed in hepatopancreas, gills, and kidneys by the construction of wound model as well as stimulation of LPS, PGN, Poly I: C and Aeromonas hydrophila. Subcellular localization experiments confirmed that CpMOK was localized in the nucleus. Furthermore, the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of CpMOK was constructed for interference experiment, and the results showed that the mRNA expression of apoptotic gene signals caspase-1, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were increased. The expression of caspase-1, -3, -7, -9, cytochrome C (Cyt-c) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected by ELISA. Fluorescent staining of apoptotic cells using the Tunnel method revealed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells after interference. These results suggested that CpMOK knockdown could induce caspase-mediated apoptosis in C. plicata, and the phosphorylation of the kinase was disrupted during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua An
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Xinying Cao
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Maolin Feng
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Baoqing Hu
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Jielian Wu
- Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 11318, China
| | - Yang Gang
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Shaoqing Jian
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- Department of Zoology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China.
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12
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Tran VTA, Lee LP, Cho H. Neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration via microbial infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907804. [PMID: 36052093 PMCID: PMC9425114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies show a noticeable correlation between chronic microbial infections and neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear due to the biological complexity of multicellular and multiorgan interactions upon microbial infections. In this review, we show the infection leading to neurodegeneration mediated by multiorgan interconnections and neuroinflammation. Firstly, we highlight three inter-organ communications as possible routes from infection sites to the brain: nose-brain axis, lung-brain axis, and gut-brain axis. Next, we described the biological crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes upon pathogenic infection. Finally, our study indicates how neuroinflammation is a critical player in pathogen-mediated neurodegeneration. Taken together, we envision that antibiotics targeting neuro-pathogens could be a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Ai Tran
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Institute of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
| | - Hansang Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hansang Cho, ; Luke P. Lee,
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13
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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14
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Mahmoodpoor A, Sanaie S, Ostadi Z, Eskandari M, Behrouzi N, Asghari R, Zahirnia A, Sohrabifar N, Kazeminasab S. Roles of mitochondrial DNA in dynamics of the immune response to COVID-19. Gene 2022; 836:146681. [PMID: 35728769 PMCID: PMC9219426 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria dynamics have a pivotal role in many aspects of immune function. Viral infections affect mitochondrial dynamics and trigger the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in host cells. Released mtDNA guides the immune response towards an inflammatory response against pathogens. In addition, circulating cell-free mtDNA (ccf-mtDNA) is considered an invaluable indicator for the prognosis and severity of infectious diseases. This study provides an overview of the role of mtDNA in the dynamics of the immune response to COVID-19. We focused on the possible roles of mtDNA in inducing the signaling pathways, and the inflammasome activation and regulation in SARS-CoV-2. Targeting mtDNA-related pathways can provide critical insights into therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging research institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging research institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zoherh Ostadi
- Department of Anesthesiology and intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maqsoud Eskandari
- Department of Anesthesiology and intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Behrouzi
- Department of Anesthesiology and intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roqayyeh Asghari
- Department of Anesthesiology and intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zahirnia
- Nasle Farda Health Foundation, Medical Genetic Laboratory, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Sohrabifar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Kazeminasab
- Nasle Farda Health Foundation, Medical Genetic Laboratory, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Stevens J, Steinmeyer S, Bonfield M, Peterson L, Wang T, Gray J, Lewkowich I, Xu Y, Du Y, Guo M, Wynn JL, Zacharias W, Salomonis N, Miller L, Chougnet C, O’Connor DH, Deshmukh H. The balance between protective and pathogenic immune responses to pneumonia in the neonatal lung is enforced by gut microbiota. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl3981. [PMID: 35704600 PMCID: PMC10032669 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although modern clinical practices such as cesarean sections and perinatal antibiotics have improved infant survival, treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics alters intestinal microbiota and causes dysbiosis. Infants exposed to perinatal antibiotics have an increased likelihood of life-threatening infections, including pneumonia. Here, we investigated how the gut microbiota sculpt pulmonary immune responses, promoting recovery and resolution of infection in newborn rhesus macaques. Early-life antibiotic exposure interrupted the maturation of intestinal commensal bacteria and disrupted the developmental trajectory of the pulmonary immune system, as assessed by single-cell proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. Early-life antibiotic exposure rendered newborn macaques more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia, concurrent with increases in neutrophil senescence and hyperinflammation, broad inflammatory cytokine signaling, and macrophage dysfunction. This pathogenic reprogramming of pulmonary immunity was further reflected by a hyperinflammatory signature in all pulmonary immune cell subsets coupled with a global loss of tissue-protective, homeostatic pathways in the lungs of dysbiotic newborns. Fecal microbiota transfer was associated with partial correction of the broad immune maladaptations and protection against severe pneumonia. These data demonstrate the importance of intestinal microbiota in programming pulmonary immunity and support the idea that gut microbiota promote the balance between pathways driving tissue repair and inflammatory responses associated with clinical recovery from infection in infants. Our results highlight a potential role for microbial transfer for immune support in these at-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Stevens
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shelby Steinmeyer
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Madeline Bonfield
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Laura Peterson
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Timothy Wang
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jerilyn Gray
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ian Lewkowich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yina Du
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - James L. Wynn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - William Zacharias
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lisa Miller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Claire Chougnet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Dennis Hartigan O’Connor
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Corresponding author.
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16
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NLRP3, NLRC4 and NLRC5 Gene Polymorphisms Associate with Susceptibility of Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Non-Neutropenic Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071870. [PMID: 35407478 PMCID: PMC8999807 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis is one of the most common and serious fungal infections. Previous studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of pattern recognition receptors genes are associated with susceptibility to aspergillosis. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) play an important role in the immunological response against fungal infection. In this study, we investigated the relationship between polymorphisms of three NLRs and susceptibility to pulmonary aspergillosis disease in non-neutropenic patients. Methods: We included 73 patients with proven pulmonary aspergillosis and 103 healthy controls. A total of sixteen SNPs in the NLRP3, NLRC4, and NLRC5 genes were detected by PCR-direct sequencing. Then, we evaluated the association between these polymorphisms and susceptibility to aspergillosis. Results: Fifteen SNPs were consistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium except for NLRP3 rs7525979. A total of eight SNPs (NLRP3 rs3806265, NLRC4 rs212704 and NLRC5 rs1684579, rs12598522, rs3995817, rs3995818, rs34531240, rs28438857) were observed an association with susceptibility of pulmonary aspergillosis. The CC homozygote of NLRP3 rs3806265, TT homozygote of NLRC5 rs1684579 and T allele of NLRC5 rs12598522 were associated with a higher risk of aspergillosis while TT homozygote of NLRC4 rs212704 was associated with a lower risk of aspergillosis. Especially in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis subgroup, the TT homozygote of NLRC5 rs1684579 and rs3995817, the CC homozygote of NLRC5 rs34531240 and rs28438857, GG homozygote of NLRC5 rs3995818, the C allele and CC homozygote of NLRP3 rs3806265 were associated with higher susceptibility. Conclusions: This study showed an association between polymorphisms of NLRP3, NLRC4, and NLRC5 and susceptibility to pulmonary aspergillosis for the first time. Further investigations in larger populations are needed, and functional studies are also required to investigate the function of these NLRs in aspergillosis, as well as other fungal infection diseases.
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17
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Qin C, Lu Y, Bai L, Wang K. The molecular regulation of autophagy in antimicrobial immunity. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 14:6547771. [PMID: 35278083 PMCID: PMC9335221 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that can degrade worn-out organelles and invading pathogens. The activation of autophagy regulates innate and adaptive immunity, playing a key role in the response to microbial invasion. Microbial infection may cause different consequences such as the elimination of invaders through autophagy or xenophagy, host cell death, and symbiotic relationships. Pathogens adapt to the autophagy mechanism and further relieve intracellular stress, which is conducive to host cell survival and microbial growth. The regulation of autophagy forms a complex network through which host immunity is modulated, resulting in a variety of pathophysiological manifestations. Modification of the autophagic pathway is an essential target for the development of antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yalan Lu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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18
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Ren T, Guo X, Zhang J, Liu Z. Pyroptosis-Related Signatures for Predicting Prognosis in Breast Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:788437. [PMID: 35211500 PMCID: PMC8861281 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.788437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundFemale breast cancer (BC) has become the most common cancer in the world, and its mortality was considerably higher in transitioning vs. transitioned countries. Pyroptosis, an inflammation-dependent programmed cell death mediated by inflammasomes, has been observed in human colorectal tumors and gliomas. However, the characteristics of pyrolysis-related genes and their influence and mechanism on the tumorigenesis and progress of BC were unknown.MethodsBased on the global public database, we used comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to systematically analyze the expression of pyroptosis-related genes in BC and their relationship in tumor progression. In addition, BC patients were divided into two groups, and the clinical features and outcomes could be better predicted by the consistent clustering of pyroptosis-related genes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was used to establish a risk score. Then, we further explored the prognostic value and clinical features of pyroptosis genes. Finally, we used the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) platform to identify the expression at protein levels of the key genes.ResultsWe confirmed that the expression of pyroptosis-related genes was different in BC and normal breast tissues. A high frequency of somatic mutations occurred in BC. In addition, 33 pyroptosis-related proteins interacted frequently. Based on univariate analysis and the LASSO Cox model, five pyroptosis-related genes [including GADMA, interleukin-6 (IL-6), NLR pyrin domain-containing protein 6 (NLRP6), caspase-1 (CASP1), and caspase-9 (CASP9)], were obtained to calculate a risk score. The risk score was identified as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of BC and might play an auxiliary role in clinical classification. The HPA platform confirmed that the expression trends of the key genes were consistent with our previous studies.ConclusionPyroptosis had an important effect on the progression of BC. And the pyroptosis-related genes could be used as new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BC.
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Ren X, Zhang H, Yan X, Sun Y, Xu T. NOP56 negatively regulates MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling in miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:75-81. [PMID: 34774735 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MyD88 is a critical adaptor in the TLRs signaling pathway, which can activate NF-κB signaling pathway and promote proinflammatory cytokines production. However, the molecular mechanisms that modulate MyD88 expression, especially in teleost, remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that NOP56 serve as a negative regulator of the MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. NOP56 overexpression inhibited the protein expression of MyD88. Whereas, siRNA knockdown of NOP56 had opposite effect. Furthermore, we found that the NOSIC domain is responsible for the suppressive effect of NOP56 in MyD88 expression at protein level. Therefore, we identified NOP56 as a negative regulator of MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling by inhibiting MyD88 expression and provided new insight into the regulation mechanism in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ren
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, China.
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20
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Soh SM, Kim YJ, Kim HH, Lee HR. Modulation of Ubiquitin Signaling in Innate Immune Response by Herpesviruses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010492. [PMID: 35008917 PMCID: PMC8745310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a protein degradation machinery that is crucial for cellular homeostasis in eukaryotes. Therefore, it is not surprising that the UPS coordinates almost all host cellular processes, including host-pathogen interactions. This protein degradation machinery acts predominantly by tagging substrate proteins designated for degradation with a ubiquitin molecule. These ubiquitin tags have been involved at various steps of the innate immune response. Hence, herpesviruses have evolved ways to antagonize the host defense mechanisms by targeting UPS components such as ubiquitin E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) that establish a productive infection. This review delineates how herpesviruses usurp the critical roles of ubiquitin E3 ligases and DUBs in innate immune response to escape host-antiviral immune response, with particular focus on retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLR), cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) pathways, and inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine-M. Soh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (S.-M.S.); (Y.-J.K.); (H.-H.K.)
| | - Yeong-Jun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (S.-M.S.); (Y.-J.K.); (H.-H.K.)
| | - Hong-Hee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (S.-M.S.); (Y.-J.K.); (H.-H.K.)
| | - Hye-Ra Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (S.-M.S.); (Y.-J.K.); (H.-H.K.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-44-860-1831
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21
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Sun J. Imbalance of the intestinal virome and altered viral-bacterial interactions caused by a conditional deletion of the vitamin D receptor. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1957408. [PMID: 34375154 PMCID: PMC8366551 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1957408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) deficiency is associated with cancer, infection, and chronic inflammation. Prior research has demonstrated VDR regulation of bacteria; however, little is known regarding VDR and viruses. We hypothesize that VDR deficiency impacts on the intestinal virome and viral-bacterial interactions. We specifically deleted VDR from intestinal epithelial cells (VDRΔIEC), Paneth cells (VDRΔPC), and myeloid cells (VDRΔLyz) in mice. Feces were collected for shotgun metagenomic sequencing and metabolite profiling. To test the functional changes, we evaluated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and analyzed microbial metabolites. Vibrio phages, Lactobacillus phages, and Escherichia coli typing phages were significantly enriched in all three conditional VDR-knockout mice. In the VDRΔLyz mice, the levels of eight more virus species (2 enriched, 6 depleted) were significantly changed. Altered virus species were primarily observed in female VDRΔLyz (2 enriched, 3 depleted) versus male VDRΔLyz (1 enriched, 1 depleted). Altered alpha and beta diversity (family to species) were found in VDRΔLyz. In VDRΔIEC mice, bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 was significantly enriched. A significant correlation between viral and bacterial alterations was found in conditional VDR knockout mice. There was a positive correlation between Vibrio phage JSF5 and Cutibacterium acnes in VDRΔPC and VDRΔLyz mice. Also, there were more altered viral species in female conditional VDR knockout mice. Notably, there were significant changes in PRRs: upregulated TLR3, TLR7, and NOD2 in VDRΔLyz mice and increased CLEC4L expression in VDRΔIEC and VDRΔPC mice. Furthermore, we identified metabolites related to virus infection: decreased glucose in VDRΔIEC mice, increased ribulose/xylulose and xylose in VDRΔLyz mice, and increased long-chain fatty acids in VDRΔIEC and VDRΔLyz female mice. Tissue-specific deletion of VDR changes the virome and functionally changes viral receptors, which leads to dysbiosis, metabolic dysfunction, and infection risk. This study helps to elucidate VDR regulating the virome in a tissue-specific and sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,CONTACT Yinglin Xia Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S Wood Street, Room 734 CSB, MC716, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago, IL, USA,Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S Wood Street, Room 704 CSB, MC716Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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22
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Salova M, Sipos W, Tschachler E, Eckhart L. NOD2 and reproduction-associated NOD-like receptors have been lost during the evolution of pangolins. Immunogenetics 2021; 74:261-268. [PMID: 34725731 PMCID: PMC8560141 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are sensors of pathogen-associated molecular patterns with critical roles in the control of immune responses and programmed cell death. Recent studies have revealed inter-species differences in mammalian innate immune genes and a particular degeneration of nucleic acid sensing pathways in pangolins, which are currently investigated as potential hosts for zoonotic pathogens. Here, we used comparative genomics to determine which NLR genes are conserved or lost in pangolins and related mammals. We show that NOD2, which is implicated in sensing bacterial muramyl dipeptide and viral RNA, is a pseudogene in pangolins, but not in any other mammalian species investigated. NLRC4 and NAIP are absent in pangolins and canine carnivorans, suggesting convergent loss of cytoplasmic sensing of bacterial flagellin in these taxa. Among NLR family pyrin domain containing proteins (NLRPs), skin barrier-related NLRP10 has been lost in pangolins after the evolutionary divergence from Carnivora. Strikingly, pangolins lack all NLRPs associated with reproduction (germ cells and embryonic development) in other mammals, i.e., NLRP2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 14. Taken together, our study shows a massive degeneration of NLR genes in pangolins and suggests that these endangered mammals may have unique adaptations of innate immunity and reproductive cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Salova
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sipos
- Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Herd Management, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tschachler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leopold Eckhart
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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23
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Maruyama K, Cheng JY, Ishii H, Takahashi Y, Zangiacomi V, Satoh T, Hosono T, Yamaguchi K. Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Complexes by Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Particles and Stimulation of Immune Cell Migration in vivo. J Innate Immun 2021; 14:207-217. [PMID: 34619679 DOI: 10.1159/000518953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) serves as a bone substitute in clinical practice because it is resorbable, biocompatible, osteointegrative, and osteoconductive. Particles of β-TCP are also inflammatory mediators although the mechanism of this function has not been fully elucidated. Regardless, the ability of β-TCP to stimulate the immune system might be useful for immunomodulation. The present study aimed to determine the effects of β-TCP particles on NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complexes. We found that β-TCP activates NLRP3 inflammasomes, and increases interleukin (IL)-1β production in primary cultured mouse dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, and human THP-1 cells in caspase-1 dependent manner. In THP-1 cells, β-TCP increased also IL-18 production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation by β-TCP depended on phagocytosis, potassium efflux, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. We also investigated the effects of β-TCP in wild-type and NLRP3-deficient mice in vivo. Immune cell migration around subcutaneously injected β-TCP particles was reduced in NLRP3-deficient mice. These findings suggest that the effects of β-TCP particles in vivo are at least partly mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Maruyama
- Experimental Animal Facility, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jin-Yan Cheng
- Advanced Analysis Technology Department, Corporate R&D Center, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidee Ishii
- Experimental Animal Facility, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Experimental Animal Facility, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Vincent Zangiacomi
- Regional Resource Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takatomo Satoh
- Advanced Analysis Technology Department, Corporate R&D Center, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Hosono
- Laboratory of Medicinal Microbiology, Yokohama College of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital and Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
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24
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Zhang Y, Qin Z, Sun W, Chu F, Zhou F. Function of Protein S-Palmitoylation in Immunity and Immune-Related Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:661202. [PMID: 34557182 PMCID: PMC8453015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein S-palmitoylation is a covalent and reversible lipid modification that specifically targets cysteine residues within many eukaryotic proteins. In mammalian cells, the ubiquitous palmitoyltransferases (PATs) and serine hydrolases, including acyl protein thioesterases (APTs), catalyze the addition and removal of palmitate, respectively. The attachment of palmitoyl groups alters the membrane affinity of the substrate protein changing its subcellular localization, stability, and protein-protein interactions. Forty years of research has led to the understanding of the role of protein palmitoylation in significantly regulating protein function in a variety of biological processes. Recent global profiling of immune cells has identified a large body of S-palmitoylated immunity-associated proteins. Localization of many immune molecules to the cellular membrane is required for the proper activation of innate and adaptive immune signaling. Emerging evidence has unveiled the crucial roles that palmitoylation plays to immune function, especially in partitioning immune signaling proteins to the membrane as well as to lipid rafts. More importantly, aberrant PAT activity and fluctuations in palmitoylation levels are strongly correlated with human immunologic diseases, such as sensory incompetence or over-response to pathogens. Therefore, targeting palmitoylation is a novel therapeutic approach for treating human immunologic diseases. In this review, we discuss the role that palmitoylation plays in both immunity and immunologic diseases as well as the significant potential of targeting palmitoylation in disease treatment.
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25
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Tassia MG, David KT, Townsend JP, Halanych KM. TIAMMAt: Leveraging biodiversity to revise protein domain models, evidence from innate immunity. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5806-5818. [PMID: 34459919 PMCID: PMC8662601 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequence annotation is fundamental for studying the evolution of protein families, particularly when working with nonmodel species. Given the rapid, ever-increasing number of species receiving high-quality genome sequencing, accurate domain modeling that is representative of species diversity is crucial for understanding protein family sequence evolution and their inferred function(s). Here, we describe a bioinformatic tool called Taxon-Informed Adjustment of Markov Model Attributes (TIAMMAt) which revises domain profile hidden Markov models (HMMs) by incorporating homologous domain sequences from underrepresented and nonmodel species. Using innate immunity pathways as a case study, we show that revising profile HMM parameters to directly account for variation in homologs among underrepresented species provides valuable insight into the evolution of protein families. Following adjustment by TIAMMAt, domain profile HMMs exhibit changes in their per-site amino acid state emission probabilities and insertion/deletion probabilities while maintaining the overall structure of the consensus sequence. Our results show that domain revision can heavily impact evolutionary interpretations for some families (i.e., NLR’s NACHT domain), whereas impact on other domains (e.g., rel homology domain and interferon regulatory factor domains) is minimal due to high levels of sequence conservation across the sampled phylogenetic depth (i.e., Metazoa). Importantly, TIAMMAt revises target domain models to reflect homologous sequence variation using the taxonomic distribution under consideration by the user. TIAMMAt’s flexibility to revise any subset of the Pfam database using a user-defined taxonomic pool will make it a valuable tool for future protein evolution studies, particularly when incorporating (or focusing) on nonmodel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Tassia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Kyle T David
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - James P Townsend
- Whitman Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.,Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island
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26
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Emery MA, Dimos BA, Mydlarz LD. Cnidarian Pattern Recognition Receptor Repertoires Reflect Both Phylogeny and Life History Traits. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689463. [PMID: 34248980 PMCID: PMC8260672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are evolutionarily ancient and crucial components of innate immunity, recognizing danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and activating host defenses. Basal non-bilaterian animals such as cnidarians must rely solely on innate immunity to defend themselves from pathogens. By investigating cnidarian PRR repertoires we can gain insight into the evolution of innate immunity in these basal animals. Here we utilize the increasing amount of available genomic resources within Cnidaria to survey the PRR repertoires and downstream immune pathway completeness within 15 cnidarian species spanning two major cnidarian clades, Anthozoa and Medusozoa. Overall, we find that anthozoans possess prototypical PRRs, while medusozoans appear to lack these immune proteins. Additionally, anthozoans consistently had higher numbers of PRRs across all four classes relative to medusozoans, a trend largely driven by expansions in NOD-like receptors and C-type lectins. Symbiotic, sessile, and colonial cnidarians also have expanded PRR repertoires relative to their non-symbiotic, mobile, and solitary counterparts. Interestingly, cnidarians seem to lack key components of mammalian innate immune pathways, though similar to PRR numbers, anthozoans possess more complete immune pathways than medusozoans. Together, our data indicate that anthozoans have greater immune specificity than medusozoans, which we hypothesize to be due to life history traits common within Anthozoa. Overall, this investigation reveals important insights into the evolution of innate immune proteins within these basal animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison A Emery
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Bradford A Dimos
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Laura D Mydlarz
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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27
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Huang Y, Wang R, Gao T, Wu T, Zhang Q, Shi Y, Ding S, Zhao Z. Transcriptome analysis of immune response against Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus infection in mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:675-687. [PMID: 33423323 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As one of the piscine rhabdoviruses, Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused considerable losses to mandarin fish aquaculture industry. RNA-seq, as efficient transcriptome research method, has been widely used to study the immune response of fish to pathogens. This study reported the effect of SCRV infection at 0, 24 and 60 hr on S. chuatsi at the transcriptome level. A total of 61,527 unigenes with high quality were obtained, and 3,095, 1,854 and 227 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were labelled between the Sc24 and Sc0 groups, the Sc60 and Sc0 groups and the Sc60 and Sc24 groups, respectively. Genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity were highlighted. In Gene Ontology analysis, the DEGs that participated in immune response, innate immune response and the regulation of apoptotic process were identified as enriched classes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway results indicated that most DEGs caused by SCRV infection were identified in the immune system (retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptor/Toll-like receptor/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor/C-type lectin receptor signalling pathway), cellular processes, cell growth and death (p53 signalling pathway, cellular senescence, apoptosis and phagosome), and metabolism. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to further verify the expression levels of 15 immune-related DEGs. The transcriptome database obtained in this study provided further in-depth insight into the immune response of S. chuatsi against SCRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangbai Shi
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyan Ding
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Chang MX. The negative regulation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway in fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104038. [PMID: 33548290 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At each stage of innate immune response, there are stimulatory and inhibitory signals that modulate the strength and character of the response. RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in antiviral innate immune response. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms that viral infection leads to the activation of RLRs-mediated downstream signaling cascades and the production of type I interferons (IFNs). However, antiviral immune responses must be tightly regulated in order to prevent detrimental type I IFNs production. Previous reviews have highlighted negative regulation of RLR signaling pathway, which mainly target to directly regulate RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS and TBK1 function in mammals. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of negative regulators of RLR signaling pathway in teleost, with specific focus on piscine and viral regulatory mechanisms that directly or indirectly inhibit the function of RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2, MAVS, TRAF3, TBK1, IRF3 and IRF7 both in the steady state or upon viral infection. We also further discuss important directions for future studies, especially for non-coding RNAs and post-translational modifications via fish specific TRIM proteins. The knowledge of negative regulators of RLR signaling pathway in teleost will shed new light on the critical information for potential therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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29
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Henneke P, Kierdorf K, Hall LJ, Sperandio M, Hornef M. Perinatal development of innate immune topology. eLife 2021; 10:67793. [PMID: 34032570 PMCID: PMC8149122 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
At the transition from intrauterine to postnatal life, drastic alterations are mirrored by changes in cellular immunity. These changes are in part immune cell intrinsic, originate in the replacement of fetal cells, or result from global regulatory mechanisms and adaptation to changes in the tissue microenvironment. Overall, longer developmental trajectories are intersected by events related to mother-infant separation, birth cues, acquisition of microbiota and metabolic factors. Perinatal alterations particularly affect immune niches, where structures with discrete functions meet, the intestinal mucosa, epidermis and lung. Accordingly, the following questions will be addressed in this review. How does the preprogrammed development supported by endogenous cues, steer innate immune cell differentiation, adaptation to tissue structures, and immunity to infection? How does the transition at birth impact on tissue immune make-up including its topology? How do postnatal cues guide innate immune cell differentiation and function at immunological niches?
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Henneke
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kierdorf
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lindsay J Hall
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, and ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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30
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603224. [PMID: 33763351 PMCID: PMC7982729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Suares
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Medina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar Coso
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224
expr 816899697 + 824303767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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32
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Shen E, Han Y, Cai C, Liu P, Chen Y, Gao L, Huang Q, Shen H, Zeng S, He M. Low expression of NLRP1 is associated with a poor prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7570-7588. [PMID: 33658393 PMCID: PMC7993699 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
NLRP1 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1), the first NLR protein, described to form an inflammasome, plays critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation. However, NLRP1 has not been reported to be linked to LUAD (lung adenocarcinoma) risk, prognosis, immunotherapy or any other treatments. This research aimed to explore the prognostic value and mechanism of NLRP1 in LUAD. We performed bioinformatics analysis on LUAD data downloaded from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), and jointly analyzed with online databases such as TCGAportal, LinkedOmics, TIMER, ESTIMATE and TISIDB. NLRP1 expression of LUAD tissue was considerably lower than that in normal lung tissue. Decreased NLRP1 expression of LUAD was associated with relatively high pathological, T and N stages. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with low NLRP1 expression had a worse prognosis than those with high expression. Multivariate Cox analysis further showed that NLRP1 expression level was an independent prognostic factor of LUAD. Moreover, the level of NLRP1 expression was positively linked to the degree of infiltration of various TIICs (tumor-infiltrating immune cells). Our findings confirmed that reduced expression of NLRP1 was significantly related to poor prognosis and low degree of immune cell infiltration in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Life Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Changjing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Radiation Oncology of Hunan Province, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Fisher JR, Chroust ZD, Onyoni F, Soong L. Pattern Recognition Receptors in Innate Immunity to Obligate Intracellular Bacteria. ZOONOSES (BURLINGTON, MASS.) 2021; 1:10. [PMID: 35282331 PMCID: PMC8909792 DOI: 10.15212/zoonoses-2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are crucial for sensing pathogenic microorganisms, launching innate responses, and shaping pathogen-specific adaptive immunity during infection. Rickettsia spp., Orientia tsutsugamushi, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Coxiella burnetii are obligate intracellular bacteria, which can only replicate within host cells and must evade immune detection to successfully propagate. These five bacterial species are zoonotic pathogens of clinical or agricultural importance, yet, uncovering how immune recognition occurs has remained challenging. Recent evidence from in-vitro studies and animal models has offered new insights into the types and kinetics of PRR activation during infection with Rickettsia spp., A. phagocytophilum, E. chaffeensis, and C. burnetii, respectively. However, much less is known in these regards for O. tsutsugamushi infection, until the recent discovery for the role of the C-type lectin receptor Mincle during lethal infection in mice and in primary macrophage cultures. This review gives a brief summary for clinical and epidemiologic features of these five bacterial infections, focuses on fundamental biologic facets of infection, and recent advances in host recognition. In addition, we discuss knowledge gaps for innate recognition of these bacteria in the context of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Fisher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Zachary D. Chroust
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Florence Onyoni
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Corresponding author: Lynn Soong, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd. MRB 3.142, Galveston, Texas 77555-1070,
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Lv Q, Xu D, Ma J, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhao P, Ma L, Li Z, Yang W, Liu X, Yang G, Xing S. Uric acid drives intestinal barrier dysfunction through TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:127-137. [PMID: 33074353 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Intestinal epithelial dysfunction is the foundation of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases, while the effects and mechanism of uric acid on the intestinal barrier are little known. TSPO has been shown to be related to the generation of ROS and is involved in regulating inflammation, whether uric acid drives intestinal epithelial dysfunction through TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation is unknown. METHODS UOX gene knockout mouse (UOX-/-) were used for models of hyperuricemia. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran was used to assess in vivo intestinal permeability. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and culture supernatants IL-1β were measured using ELISA Kit. IEC-6 exposed to different concentrations of uric acid was used for in vitro experiment. Protein content and mRNA were assessed using Western blotting and Q-PCR, respectively. Intracellular ROS was determined using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected on an immunofluorescence. Small interfering RNA transfection was used to assess the interaction between translocator protein (TSPO) and NLRP3 inflammasome. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) was used as ROS scavenger. RESULTS Our results showed that hyperuricemia mice were characteristic by increased intestinal permeability. Hyperuricemia upregulated TSPO, increased production of ROS and activated NLRP3 inflammasome, which resulted in lower expression of occludin and claudin-1. In vitro, we showed that soluble uric acid alone increased the expression of TSPO, depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS release and activated NLRP3 inflammasome, which further reduced the expression of occludin and claudin-1. Silencing TSPO suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased expression of claudin-1 and occludin, which was accompanied by lower levels of ROS. Scavenging ROS also significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation without change of TSPO, indicating that TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was dependent on ROS. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, uric acid drives intestinal barrier dysfunction through TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulan Lv
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxing Xu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Yang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanpin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Xing
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 167, Wutai Mountain Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, King's College London, BHF Centre, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
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NOD-like receptor-mediated plant immunity: from structure to cell death. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 21:305-318. [PMID: 33293618 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Animal and plant immune systems use intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) to detect pathogens, resulting in the activation of immune responses that are often associated with localized host cell death. Whereas vertebrate NLRs detect evolutionarily conserved molecular patterns and have undergone comparatively little copy number expansion, plant NLRs detect virulence factors that have often diversified in plant pathogen populations, and thus plant NLRs have been subject to parallel diversification. Plant NLRs sense the presence of virulence factors with enzymatic virulence activity often indirectly through their modification of host target proteins. By contrast, phytopathogenic virulence factors without enzymatic activity are usually recognized by NLRs directly by their structure. Structural and biochemical analyses have shown that both indirect and direct recognition of plant pathogens trigger the oligomerization of plant NLRs into active complexes. Assembly into three-layered ring-like structures has emerged as a common principle of NLR activation in plants and animals, but with distinct amino-terminal domains initiating different signalling pathways. Collectively, these analyses point to host cell membranes as a convergence point for activated plant NLRs and the disruption of cellular ion homeostasis as a possible major factor in NLR-triggered cell death signalling.
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Pandey S, Gruenbaum A, Kanashova T, Mertins P, Cluzel P, Chevrier N. Pairwise Stimulations of Pathogen-Sensing Pathways Predict Immune Responses to Multi-adjuvant Combinations. Cell Syst 2020; 11:495-508.e10. [PMID: 33113356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The immune system makes decisions in response to combinations of multiple microbial inputs. We do not understand the combinatorial logic governing how higher-order combinations of microbial signals shape immune responses. Here, using coculture experiments and statistical analyses, we discover a general property for the combinatorial sensing of microbial signals, whereby the effects of triplet combinations of microbial signals on immune responses can be predicted by combining the effects of single and pairs. Mechanistically, we find that singles and pairs dictate the information signaled by triplets in mouse and human DCs at the levels of transcription, chromatin, and protein secretion. We exploit this simplifying property to develop cell-based immunotherapies prepared with adjuvant combinations that trigger protective responses in mouse models of cancer. We conclude that the processing of multiple input signals by innate immune cells is governed by pairwise effects, which will inform the rationale combination of adjuvants to manipulate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Pandey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Adam Gruenbaum
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tamara Kanashova
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philippe Cluzel
- School of Engineering and Applied Science & Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nicolas Chevrier
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Yu H, Lin L, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Hu H. Targeting NF-κB pathway for the therapy of diseases: mechanism and clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:209. [PMID: 32958760 PMCID: PMC7506548 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 184.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB pathway consists of canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB is activated by various stimuli, transducing a quick but transient transcriptional activity, to regulate the expression of various proinflammatory genes and also serve as the critical mediator for inflammatory response. Meanwhile, the activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway occurs through a handful of TNF receptor superfamily members. Since the activation of this pathway involves protein synthesis, the kinetics of non-canonical NF-κB activation is slow but persistent, in concordance with its biological functions in the development of immune cell and lymphoid organ, immune homeostasis and immune response. The activation of the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway is tightly controlled, highlighting the vital roles of ubiquitination in these pathways. Emerging studies indicate that dysregulated NF-κB activity causes inflammation-related diseases as well as cancers, and NF-κB has been long proposed as the potential target for therapy of diseases. This review attempts to summarize our current knowledge and updates on the mechanisms of NF-κB pathway regulation and the potential therapeutic application of inhibition of NF-κB signaling in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangbin Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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Liu M, Jiang X, Chen A, Chen T, Cheng Y, Wu X. Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of dietary carotenoids improving antioxidative capability and immunity of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:359-373. [PMID: 32553983 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are known to be involved in the regulation of the antioxidative capability, immune response and stress resistance in crustacean species; however, very limited information is available on their underlying molecular mechanisms. This study performed transcriptome sequencing of hemolymph and hepatopancreas of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) that fed with three diets, i.e. diet A containing 90 mg kg-1 dry weight of astaxanthin, diet B containing 200 mg kg-1 dry weight of β-carotene and control diet without supplementation of dietary carotenoids. The results showed that there were 2955 and 497 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hemolymph between the astaxanthin treatment and control groups, and between the β-carotene treatment and control groups, respectively. Moreover, compared with the control group, 833 and 1886 DEGs were obtained in the hepatopancreas of the astaxanthin treatment and the β-carotene treatment groups, respectively. The DEGs in the three groups were enriched in 255 specific KEGG metabolic pathways according to KEGG enrichment analysis. Through this study, a series of key genes involved in Nrf2 signalling, ROS production, intracellular antioxidant enzymes and chaperones were significantly affected by dietary carotenoids. Dietary carotenoids also significantly altered the expression levels of immune-related molecules associated with signal transduction, prophenoloxidase cascade, apoptosis, pattern recognition proteins/receptors and antimicrobial peptides. In conclusion, this transcriptomic study provides valuable information for understanding the molecular mechanism and potential pathway of dietary carotenoids improved the antioxidative capability and immunity of juvenile E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Liu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Aqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ting Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Transcriptome Based Profiling of the Immune Cell Gene Signature in Rat Experimental Colitis and Human IBD Tissue Samples. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070974. [PMID: 32610492 PMCID: PMC7407160 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation is characteristic of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is associated with the exaggerated infiltration of immune cells. A complex interplay of inflammatory mediators and different cell types in the colon are responsible for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and affect pathological conditions. Gene expression alteration of colon biopsies from IBD patients and an in vivo rat model of colitis were examined by RNA-Seq and QPCR, while we used in silico methods, such as Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) application and the Immune Gene Signature (ImSig) package of R, to interpret whole transcriptome data and estimate immune cell composition of colon tissues. Transcriptome profiling of in vivo colitis model revealed the most significant activation of signaling pathways responsible for leukocyte recruitment and diapedesis. We observed significant alteration of genes related to glycosylation or sensing of danger signals and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as adhesion molecules. We observed the elevated expression of genes that implies the accumulation of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and B cells in the inflamed colon tissue. In contrast, the rate of T-cells slightly decreased in the inflamed regions. Interestingly, natural killer and plasma cells do not show enrichment upon colon inflammation. In general, whole transcriptome analysis of the in vivo experimental model of colitis with subsequent bioinformatics analysis provided a better understanding of the dynamic changes in the colon tissue of IBD patients.
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40
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Wang M, Qazi IH, Wang L, Zhou G, Han H. Salmonella Virulence and Immune Escape. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030407. [PMID: 32183199 PMCID: PMC7143636 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella genus represents the most common foodborne pathogens causing morbidity, mortality, and burden of disease in all regions of the world. The introduction of antimicrobial agents and Salmonella-specific phages has been considered as an effective intervention strategy to reduce Salmonella contamination. However, data from the United States, European countries, and low- and middle-income countries indicate that Salmonella cases are still a commonly encountered cause of bacterial foodborne diseases globally. The control programs have not been successful and even led to the emergence of some multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains. It is known that the host immune system is able to effectively prevent microbial invasion and eliminate microorganisms. However, Salmonella has evolved mechanisms of resisting host physical barriers and inhibiting subsequent activation of immune response through their virulence factors. There has been a high interest in understanding how Salmonella interacts with the host. Therefore, in the present review, we characterize the functions of Salmonella virulence genes and particularly focus on the mechanisms of immune escape in light of evidence from the emerging mainstream literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.W.); (L.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Izhar Hyder Qazi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan
| | - Linli Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.W.); (L.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangbin Zhou
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hongbing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.W.); (L.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (G.Z.)
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Dimos BA, Butler CC, Ricci CA, MacKnight NJ, Mydlarz LD. Responding to Threats Both Foreign and Domestic: NOD-Like Receptors in Corals. Integr Comp Biol 2020; 59:819-829. [PMID: 31236558 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically mechanisms with which basal animals such as reef-building corals use to respond to changing and increasingly stressful environments have remained elusive. However, the increasing availability of genomic and transcriptomic data from these organisms has provided fundamental insights into the biology of these critically important ecosystem engineers. Notably, insights into cnidarians gained in the post-genomics age have revealed a surprisingly complex immune system which bears a surprising level of similarity with the vertebrate innate immune system. This system has been critically linked to how corals respond to the two most prominent threats on a global scale, emerging coral diseases and increasing water temperature, which are recognized cellularly as either foreign or domestic threats, respectively. These threats can arise from pathogenic microbes or internal cellular dysfunction, underscoring the need to further understand mechanisms corals use to sense and respond to threats to their cellular integrity. In this investigation and meta-analysis, we utilize resources only recently available in the post-genomic era to identify and characterize members of an underexplored class of molecules known as NOD-like receptors in the endangered Caribbean coral Orbicella faveolata. We then leverage these data to identify pathways possibly mediated by NLRs in both O. faveolata and the ecologically important branching coral Acropora digitifera. Overall, we find support that this class of proteins may provide a mechanistic link to how reef-building corals respond to threats both foreign and domestic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford A Dimos
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Caleb C Butler
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Contessa A Ricci
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Nicholas J MacKnight
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Laura D Mydlarz
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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Targeting innate sensing in the tumor microenvironment to improve immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:13-26. [PMID: 31844141 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune sensing pathways play critical roles in the defense against pathogen infection, but their roles in cancer immunosurveillance and cancer therapies are less defined. We propose that defective innate immune sensing inside the tumor microenvironment might limit T-cell responses to immunotherapy. A recent mechanistic understanding of conventional therapies revealed that both innate immune sensing and T-cell responses are essential for optimal antitumor efficacy. T-cell-based immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade, has achieved great success in reactivating antitumor immune responses to lead to tumor regression, but only in a small fraction of patients. Therefore, incorporating conventional therapy that can increase innate sensing and immunotherapy should lead to promising strategies for cancer patients. Here, we review the innate sensing pathways related to cancer initiation/progression and therapies, summarize the recent key findings in innate immune sensing related to conventional therapies, evaluate current combination strategies, and highlight the potential issues of combinational therapies in terms of antitumor efficacy and toxicities.
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Zheng X, Fu Y, Shi SS, Wu S, Yan Y, Xu L, Wang Y, Jiang Z. Effect of Forsythiaside A on the RLRs Signaling Pathway in the Lungs of Mice Infected with the Influenza A Virus FM1 Strain. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234219. [PMID: 31757053 PMCID: PMC6930541 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Forsythiaside A, a phenylethanoid glycoside monomer extracted from Forsythia suspensa, shows anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, anti-oxidative, and antiviral pharmacological effects. The precise mechanism underlying the antiviral action of forsythiaside A is not completely clear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether the anti-influenza action of forsythiaside A occurs via the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I–like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway in the lung immune cells. Forsythiaside A was used to treat C57BL/6J mice and MAVS−/− mice infected with mouse-adapted influenza A virus FM1 (H1N1, A/FM1/1/47 strain), and the physical parameters (body weight and lung index) and the expression of key factors in the RLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway were evaluated. At the same time, the level of virus replication and the ratio of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg of T cell subsets were measured. Compared with the untreated group, the weight loss in the forsythiaside A group in the C57BL/6J mice decreased, and the histopathological sections showed less inflammatory damage after the infection with the influenza A virus FM1 strain. The gene and protein expression of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), MAVS, and NF-κB were significantly decreased in the forsythiaside A group. Flow cytometry showed that Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg differentiated into Th2 cells and Treg cells, respectively, after treatment with forsythiaside A. In conclusion, forsythiaside A reduces the inflammatory response caused by influenza A virus FM1 strain in mouse lungs by affecting the RLRs signaling pathway in the mouse lung immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shan-Shan Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Liuyue Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhenyou Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basic Medicine College, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China; (X.Z.); (Y.F.); (S.-S.S.); (S.W.); (Y.Y.); (L.X.); (Y.W.)
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, GuangZhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85226677
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The Role of MicroRNAs upon Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111461. [PMID: 31752264 PMCID: PMC6912477 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggest the significance of inflammation in the progression of cancer, for example the development of colorectal cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients. Long-lasting inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract causes serious systemic complications and breaks the homeostasis of the intestine, where the altered expression of regulatory genes and miRNAs trigger malignant transformations. Several steps lead from acute inflammation to malignancies: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibitory microRNAs (miRNAs) are known factors during multistage carcinogenesis and IBD pathogenesis. In this review, we outline the interactions between EMT components and miRNAs that may affect cancer development during IBD.
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Mao X, Qiu X, Jiao C, Lu M, Zhao X, Li X, Li J, Ma J, Zhang H. Candida albicans SC5314 inhibits NLRP3/NLRP6 inflammasome expression and dampens human intestinal barrier activity in Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Cytokine 2019; 126:154882. [PMID: 31629100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that colonizes human gastro-intestinal mucosal tissues. Its effect on the immune response in intestinal epithelial cells and on the intestinal mucosal barrier are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated Caco-2 cells, a monolayer model of intestinal epithelial cells, with or without treatment with C. albicans SC5314 (CA) or heat-inactivated CA (CA-inact). RNA sequencing was conducted, and the mRNA and protein levels of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) or NLRP6/ASC/caspase-1 inflammasome signaling pathway components, inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-18 [IL-18] and IL-1β), anti-microbial peptides (AMPs; β-defensin-2 [BD-2], BD-3, and LL-37), and tight junction proteins (occludin and zona occludens-1 [ZO-1]) were examined by real-time PCR, western blotting, and/or immunofluorescence microscopy. Lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the Caco-2 cell supernatant were measured by enzyme kinetics analysis. Our results showed that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway participates in the CA- and CA-inact-infected Caco-2 cells, as shown by microarray analysis of total mRNA expression. The expression of NLRP3, NLRP6, ASC, BD-2, BD-3, occludin, and ZO-1 were significantly decreased in Caco-2 cells infected with CA and CA-inact compared to that in the untreated control. IL-1β expression was decreased in the Caco-2 cells in both the CA- and CA-inact-infected groups compared to that in the control. Caspase-1 and IL-18 levels were not markedly affected by CA or CA-inact in Caco-2 cells. Our findings indicate that CA can inhibit the NLRP3 and NLRP6 pathways and dampen human intestinal mucosal barrier activity by decreasing the production of AMPs and tight junction proteins, independent of CA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqiong Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijiao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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46
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Nowill AE, Fornazin MC, Spago MC, Dorgan Neto V, Pinheiro VRP, Alexandre SSS, Moraes EO, Souza GHMF, Eberlin MN, Marques LA, Meurer EC, Franchi GC, de Campos-Lima PO. Immune Response Resetting in Ongoing Sepsis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 203:1298-1312. [PMID: 31358659 PMCID: PMC6697741 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cure of severe infections, sepsis, and septic shock with antimicrobial drugs is a challenge because morbidity and mortality in these conditions are essentially caused by improper immune response. We have tested the hypothesis that repeated reactivation of established memory to pathogens may reset unfavorable immune responses. We have chosen for this purpose a highly stringent mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis by cecum ligation and puncture. Five weeks after priming with a diverse Ag pool, high-grade sepsis was induced in C57BL/6j mice that was lethal in 24 h if left untreated. Antimicrobial drug (imipenem) alone rescued 9.7% of the animals from death, but >5-fold higher cure rate could be achieved by combining imipenem and two rechallenges with the Ag pool (p < 0.0001). Antigenic stimulation fine-tuned the immune response in sepsis by contracting the total CD3+ T cell compartment in the spleen and disengaging the hyperactivation state in the memory T subsets, most notably CD8+ T cells, while preserving the recovery of naive subsets. Quantitative proteomics/lipidomics analyses revealed that the combined treatment reverted the molecular signature of sepsis for cytokine storm, and deregulated inflammatory reaction and proapoptotic environment, as well as the lysophosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylcholine ratio. Our results showed the feasibility of resetting uncontrolled hyperinflammatory reactions into ordered hypoinflammatory responses by memory reactivation, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality in antibiotic-treated sepsis. This beneficial effect was not dependent on the generation of a pathogen-driven immune response itself but rather on the reactivation of memory to a diverse Ag pool that modulates the ongoing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre E Nowill
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil;
| | - Márcia C Fornazin
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Maria C Spago
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Vicente Dorgan Neto
- Surgery Department, Santa Casa School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Vitória R P Pinheiro
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Simônia S S Alexandre
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil;
| | - Edgar O Moraes
- School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H M F Souza
- Mass Spectrometry Research and Development Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, Waters Corporation, Barueri 06455-020, Brazil
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- School of Engineering, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
| | - Lygia A Marques
- Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, Brazil; and
| | - Eduardo C Meurer
- Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, Brazil; and
| | - Gilberto C Franchi
- Integrated Center for Pediatric OncoHaematological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-888, Brazil
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47
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Fu Y, Zhan X, Wang Y, Jiang X, Liu M, Yang Y, Huang Y, Du X, Zhong XP, Li L, Ma L, Hu S. NLRC3 expression in dendritic cells attenuates CD4 + T cell response and autoimmunity. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101397. [PMID: 31290162 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor (NLR) family CARD domain containing 3 (NLRC3), an intracellular member of NLR family, is a negative regulator of inflammatory signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells. Previous reports have shown that NLRC3 is expressed in dendritic cells (DCs). However, the role of NLRC3 in DC activation and immunogenicity is unclear. In the present study, we find that NLRC3 attenuates the antigen-presenting function of DCs and their ability to activate and polarize CD4+ T cells into Th1 and Th17 subsets. Loss of NLRC3 promotes pathogenic Th1 and Th17 responses and enhanced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development. NLRC3 negatively regulates the antigen-presenting function of DCs via p38 signaling pathway. Vaccination with NLRC3-overexpressed DCs reduces EAE progression. Our findings support that NLRC3 serves as a potential target for treating adaptive immune responses driving multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Fu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalong Yang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xialin Du
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laisheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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48
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Alekseeva LG, Laman AG, Shepelyakovskaya AO, Plekhanova NS, Ivanov VT. Inhibitory Effect of Transcription Factor YB-1 in the Development of Signal from an Innate Immunity Receptor NOD2. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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49
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Crakes KR, Jiang G. Gut Microbiome Alterations During HIV/SIV Infection: Implications for HIV Cure. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31191468 PMCID: PMC6539195 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut mucosal damage, associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) infection, is characterized by depletion in CD4+ T cells and persistent immune activation as a result of early epithelial barrier disruption and systemic translocation of microbial products. Unique approaches in studying both HIV infection in human patients and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques have provided critical evidence for the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV/AIDS. While there is vast resemblance between SIV and HIV infection, the development of gut dysbiosis attributed to HIV infection in chronically infected patients has not been consistently reported in SIV infection in the non-human primate model of AIDS, raising concerns for the translatability of gut microbiome studies in rhesus macaques. This review outlines our current understanding of gut microbial signatures across various stages of HIV versus SIV infection, with an emphasis on the impact of microbiome-based therapies in restoring gut mucosal immunity as well as their translational potential to supplement current HIV cure efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katti R. Crakes
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Guochun Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, UNC HIV Cure Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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50
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Xavier R, Mazzei R, Pérez-Losada M, Rosado D, Santos JL, Veríssimo A, Soares MC. A Risky Business? Habitat and Social Behavior Impact Skin and Gut Microbiomes in Caribbean Cleaning Gobies. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:716. [PMID: 31024495 PMCID: PMC6467100 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The broadstripe cleaning goby Elacatinus prochilos has two alternative ecotypes: sponge-dwellers, which live in large groups and feed mainly upon nematode parasites; and coral-dwellers, that live in small groups or in solitude and behave as cleaners. Recent studies focusing on the skin and gut microbiomes of tropical fish showed that microbial communities are influenced mainly by diet and host species. Here, we compare the skin and gut microbiomes of the Caribbean broadstripe cleaning goby E. prochilos alternative ecotypes (cleaners and non-cleaners) from Barbados and predict that different habitat use and behavior (cleaning vs. non-cleaning) will translate in different bacterial profiles between the two ecotypes. We found significant differences in both alpha- and beta-diversity of skin and gut microbiomes belonging to different ecotypes. Importantly, the skin microbiome of obligate cleaners showed greater intra-sample diversity and harbored a significantly higher prevalence of potential fish pathogens. Likewise, potential pathogens were also more prevalent in the gut of obligate cleaners. We suggest that habitat use, diet, but also direct contact with potential diseased clientele during cleaning, could be the cause for these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Mazzei
- Laboratoire d’Eco-Ethologie, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Ashburn, VA, United States
| | - Daniela Rosado
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana L. Santos
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Veríssimo
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta C. Soares
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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