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Macrynikola N, Mir Z, Gopal T, Rodriguez E, Li S, Cox M, Yeh G, Torous J. The impact of mindfulness apps on psychological processes of change: a systematic review. NPJ MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 3:14. [PMID: 38609511 PMCID: PMC10955957 DOI: 10.1038/s44184-023-00048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy for various psychological conditions, and smartphone apps that facilitate mindfulness practice can enhance the reach and impact of MBIs. The goal of this review was to summarize the published evidence on the impact of mindfulness apps on the psychological processes known to mediate transdiagnostic symptom reduction after mindfulness practice. A literature search from January 1, 1993, to August 7, 2023 was conducted on three databases, and 28 randomized controlled trials involving 5963 adults were included. Across these 28 studies, 67 outcome comparisons were made between a mindfulness app group and a control group. Between-group effects tended to favor the mindfulness app group over the control group in three psychological process domains: repetitive negative thinking, attention regulation, and decentering/defusion. Findings were mixed in other domains (i.e., awareness, nonreactivity, non-judgment, positive affect, and acceptance). The range of populations examined, methodological concerns across studies, and problems with sustained app engagement likely contributed to mixed findings. However, effect sizes tended to be moderate to large when effects were found, and gains tended to persist at follow-up assessments two to six months later. More research is needed to better understand the impact of these apps on psychological processes of change. Clinicians interested in integrating apps into care should consider app-related factors beyond evidence of a clinical foundation and use app databases to identify suitable apps for their patients, as highlighted at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Macrynikola
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Zareen Mir
- Teacher's College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Sunnie Li
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milann Cox
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gloria Yeh
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Torous
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Sawyer C, Hassan L, Sainsbury J, Carney R, Bucci S, Burgess H, Lovell K, Torous J, Firth J. Using digital technology to promote physical health in mental healthcare: A sequential mixed-methods study of clinicians' views. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:140-152. [PMID: 37318221 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recent years have seen innovation in 'mHealth' tools and health apps for the management/promotion of physical health and fitness across the general population. However, there is limited research on how this could be applied to mental healthcare. Therefore, we examined mental healthcare professionals' current uses and perceived roles of digital lifestyle interventions for promoting healthy lifestyles, physical health and fitness in youth mental healthcare. METHODS A sequential, mixed-methods design was used, consisting of a quantitative online survey, followed by qualitative in-depth interviews. RESULTS A total of 127 mental healthcare professionals participated in the online survey. Participants had limited mHealth experience, and the majority agreed that further training would be beneficial. Thirteen mental healthcare professionals were interviewed. Five themes were generated (i) digital technology's ability to enhance the physical healthcare; (ii) Conditions for the acceptability of apps; (iii) Limitations on staff capability and time; (iv) Motivation as the principal barrier; and (v) Practicalities around receiving lifestyle data. Systematic integration of data produced novel insights around: (i) staff involvement and needs; (ii) ideal focus and content of digital lifestyle interventions; and (iii) barriers towards implementation (including mental healthcare professionals own limited experience using digital lifestyle interventions, which aligned with the appeal of formal training). CONCLUSIONS Overall, digital lifestyle interventions were positively received by mental healthcare professionals, particularly for health behaviour-tracking and mHealth support for exercise and nutrition. Practical suggestions for facilitating their uptake/implementation to improve availability of physical health interventions in mental healthcare are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Sawyer
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Lamiece Hassan
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John Sainsbury
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebekah Carney
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Bucci
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Harriet Burgess
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karina Lovell
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John Torous
- Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Price M, Hidalgo JE, Bird YM, Bloomfield LSP, Buck C, Cerutti J, Dodds PS, Fudolig MI, Gehman R, Hickok M, Kim J, Llorin J, Lovato J, McGinnis EW, McGinnis RS, Norton R, Ramirez V, Stanton K, Ricketts TH, Danforth CM. A large clinical trial to improve well-being during the transition to college using wearables: The lived experiences measured using rings study. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 133:107338. [PMID: 37722484 PMCID: PMC10591842 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transition to college is a period of elevated risk for a range of mental health conditions. Although colleges and universities strive to provide mental health support to their students, the high demand for these services makes it difficult to provide scalable, cost-effective solutions. OBJECTIVE To address these issues, the present study aims to compare the efficacy of three different treatments using a large cohort of 600 students transitioning to college. Interventions were selected based on their potential for generalizability and cost-effectiveness on college campuses. METHODS The study is a Phase II parallel-group, four-arm, randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation that will assign 600 participants to one (n = 150 per condition) of four arms: 1) group-based therapy, 2) physical activity program, 3) nature experiences, or 4) weekly assessment condition as a control group. Physiological data will be collected from all participants using a wearable device to develop algorithmic mental and physical health functioning predictions. Once recruitment is complete, modeling strategies will be used to evaluate the outcomes and effectiveness of each intervention. DISCUSSION The findings of this study will provide evidence as to the benefits of implementing scalable and proactive interventions using technology with the goal of improving the well-being and success of new college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Price
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA.
| | - Johanna E Hidalgo
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Yoshi M Bird
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Laura S P Bloomfield
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Casey Buck
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Janine Cerutti
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Peter Sheridan Dodds
- MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Mikaela Irene Fudolig
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Rachel Gehman
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Marc Hickok
- UVM Athletics, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Julia Kim
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Jordan Llorin
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Juniper Lovato
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Ellen W McGinnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Ryan S McGinnis
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Richard Norton
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Vanessa Ramirez
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Kathryn Stanton
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Taylor H Ricketts
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
| | - Christopher M Danforth
- Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; MassMutual Center of Excellence in Complex Systems and Data Science, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA; Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Vermont, 2 Colchester Ave, Burlington VT 05405, USA
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Zhao X, Stadnick NA, Ceballos-Corro E, Castro J, Mallard-Swanson K, Palomares KJ, Eikey E, Schneider M, Zheng K, Mukamel DB, Schueller SM, Sorkin DH. Facilitators of and Barriers to Integrating Digital Mental Health Into County Mental Health Services: Qualitative Interview Analyses. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e45718. [PMID: 37191975 DOI: 10.2196/45718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) represent a promising solution to address the growing unmet mental health needs and increase access to care. Integrating DMHIs into clinical and community settings is challenging and complex. Frameworks that explore a wide range of factors, such as the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework, can be useful for examining multilevel factors related to DMHI implementation efforts. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to identify the barriers to, facilitators of, and best practice recommendations for implementing DMHIs across similar organizational settings, according to the EPIS domains of inner context, outer context, innovation factors, and bridging factors. METHODS This study stems from a large state-funded project in which 6 county behavioral health departments in California explored the use of DMHIs as part of county mental health services. Our team conducted interviews with clinical staff, peer support specialists, county leaders, project leaders, and clinic leaders using a semistructured interview guide. The development of the semistructured interview guide was informed by expert input regarding relevant inner context, outer context, innovation factors, and bridging factors in the exploration, preparation, and implementation phases of the EPIS framework. We followed a recursive 6-step process to conduct qualitative analyses using inductive and deductive components guided by the EPIS framework. RESULTS On the basis of 69 interviews, we identified 3 main themes that aligned with the EPIS framework: readiness of individuals, readiness of innovations, and readiness of organizations and systems. Individual-level readiness referred to the extent to which clients had the necessary technological tools (eg, smartphones) and knowledge (digital literacy) to support the DMHI. Innovation-level readiness pertained to the accessibility, usefulness, safety, and fit of the DMHI. Organization- and system-level readiness concerned the extent to which providers and leadership collectively held positive views about DMHIs as well as the extent to which infrastructure (eg, staffing and payment model) was appropriate. CONCLUSIONS The successful implementation of DMHIs requires readiness at the individual, innovation, and organization and system levels. To improve individual-level readiness, we recommend equitable device distribution and digital literacy training. To improve innovation readiness, we recommend making DMHIs easier to use and introduce, clinically useful, and safe and adapting them to fit into the existing client needs and clinical workflow. To improve organization- and system-level readiness, we recommend supporting providers and local behavioral health departments with adequate technology and training and exploring potential system transformations (eg, integrated care model). Conceptualizing DMHIs as services allows the consideration of both the innovation characteristics of DMHIs (eg, efficacy, safety, and clinical usefulness) and the ecosystem around DMHIs, such as individual and organizational characteristics (inner context), purveyors and intermediaries (bridging factor), client characteristics (outer context), as well as the fit between the innovation and implementation settings (innovation factor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nicole A Stadnick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Eduardo Ceballos-Corro
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Castro
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Kera Mallard-Swanson
- Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kristina J Palomares
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Eikey
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- The Design Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Margaret Schneider
- Department of Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Informatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Dana B Mukamel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Stephen M Schueller
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Dara H Sorkin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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5
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Drissi N, Ouhbi S, Serhani MA, Marques G, de la Torre Díez I. Connected Mental Health Solutions: Global Attitudes, Preferences, and Concerns. Telemed J E Health 2023; 29:315-330. [PMID: 35730979 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2022.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Connected mental health (CMH) presents several technology-based solutions, which can help overcome many mental care delivery barriers. However, attitudes toward the use of CMH are diverse and differ from a cohort to another. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the global attitudes toward CMH use and assess the use of technology for mental care. Methods: This study presents a synthesis of literature available in Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed digital libraries, investigating attitudes toward CMH in different cohorts from different countries, based on a systematic review of relevant publications. This study also analyzes technology use patterns of the cohorts investigated, the reported preferred criteria that should be considered in CMH, and issues and concerns regarding CMH use. Results: One hundred and one publications were selected and analyzed. These publications were originated from different countries, with the majority (n = 23) being conducted in Australia. These studies reported positive attitudes of investigated cohorts toward CMH use and high technology use and ownership. Several preferred criteria were reported, mainly revolving around providing blended care functionalities, educational content, and mental health professionals (MHPs) support. Whereas concerns and issues related to CMH use addressed technical problems related to access to technology and to CMH solutions, the digital divide, lack of knowledge and use of CMH, and general reservations to use CMH. Concerns related to institutional and work barriers were also identified. Conclusions: Attitudes toward CMH show promising results from users and MHP views. However, factors such as providing blended care options and considering technical concerns should be taken into consideration for the successful adoption of CMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Drissi
- Department of Information Systems and Security and CIT, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sofia Ouhbi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, CIT, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Adel Serhani
- Department of Information Systems and Security and CIT, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gonçalo Marques
- Polytechnic of Coimbra, School of Technology and Management of Oliveira do Hospital (ESTGOH), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel de la Torre Díez
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Cassity-Caywood W, Griffiths A, Woodward M, Hatfield A. The Benefits and Challenges of Shifting to Telehealth During COVID-19: Qualitative Feedback from Kentucky's Sexual Violence Resource Centers and Children's Advocacy Centers. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023; 8:87-99. [PMID: 36597503 PMCID: PMC9801142 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-022-00296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic presented novel challenges for service providers addressing mental health issues with a large shift to the utilization of telehealth. While previous research has examined the benefits and challenges of providing mental health and crisis services remotely through telehealth, little research exists examining the use of telehealth in children's advocacy centers (CACs) and sexual violence resource centers (SVRCs). CACs and SVRCs are multi-disciplinary agencies taking a holistic approach to addressing interpersonal violence, making them unique in that they provide a range of direct services beyond mental health counseling (e.g., legal advocacy, medical exams, and prevention education) but all geared toward public health and safety. The current study explored the experiences of direct service providers in Kentucky CACs and SVRCs and their opinions about the most significant challenges and benefits of adapting their practices at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 118 providers participated in the study, and 88 reported using telehealth (defined as communicating with clients via technology such as videoconferencing, phone calls, or email) since the onset of COVID-19. Qualitative data from those 88 respondents regarding the challenges and benefits of using telehealth were collected and coded using a thematic content analysis. 78.6% of the sample indicated that they served primarily rural areas. Benefits noted included increasing treatment access, increasing treatment flexibility, and advancing continuity of care, while challenges included difficulties with technology, client engagement, privacy, and logistical challenges. Responses highlighted that telehealth presented both a number of advantages and difficulties and that more formal guidance for providers at CACs and SVRCs was desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Cassity-Caywood
- Department of Community Leadership and Human Services, Murray State University, Murray, KY USA.,Lifeskills Center for Child Welfare Education and Research, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA.,Paducah Regional Campus, Murray State University, 4430 Sunset Ave, Paducah, KY 42001 USA
| | - Austin Griffiths
- The Department of Social Work Program, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA.,Lifeskills Center for Child Welfare Education and Research, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA
| | - Matthew Woodward
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA.,Lifeskills Center for Child Welfare Education and Research, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA
| | - Alecia Hatfield
- Department of Psychology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA.,Lifeskills Center for Child Welfare Education and Research, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY USA
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Seow LSE, Chang S, Sambasivam R, Subramaniam M, Lu SH, Assudani H, Tan CYG, Vaingankar JA. Psychotherapists’ perspective of the use of eHealth services to enhance positive mental health promotion. Digit Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/20552076221147411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Keyes’s two-continua model of mental health proposes that mental illness and positive mental health are two separate, correlated, unipolar dimensions. eHealth services have been used to deliver mental health care, though the focus remained largely on symptom reduction and management of negative aspects of mental health. The potential of eHealth services to promote positive mental well-being, however, has not been tapped sufficiently. The present study aims to explore psychotherapists’ perspective on the feasibility of eHealth services to enhance positive mental health promotion. Methods Seven focus group discussions were conducted among professionals ( n = 38) who delivered psychotherapy to examine positive mental health in their practice. Responses related to the use of e-psychotherapy to promote mental well-being were extracted for use in a secondary analysis of data in this study. Thematic analysis of data via inductive approach was conducted to allow emergence of common themes. Results Three main themes related to psychotherapists’ perspective on the feasibility of eHealth intervention in enhancing positive mental health were identified: (1) use of eHealth to educate and improve positive mental health; (2) concerns on incorporating psychotherapy into online services; (3) other factors that affect uptake or effectiveness of eHealth intervention for positive mental health. Conclusions The study generally found support among psychotherapists for the feasibility of eHealth intervention in promoting positive mental health among clients. Potential difficulties in implementation and practicality concerns were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Hanita Assudani
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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Braun P, Schwientek AK, Angerer P, Guthardt L, Icks A, Loerbroks A, Apolinário-Hagen J. Investigating information needs and preferences regarding digital mental health services among medical and psychology students in Germany: A qualitative study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231173568. [PMID: 37256006 PMCID: PMC10226173 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231173568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since 2020, physicians and psychotherapists in Germany can prescribe digital mental health services (dMHSs). However, even future healthcare professionals (HCPs), such as medical and psychology students, remain reluctant to use dMHSs, although they are a risk group for mental health issues themselves. Reasons include scepticism and lacking awareness of dMHSs, which can be addressed by acceptance-facilitating interventions (AFIs) such as information strategies. To date, though, little is known about their information needs. Methods Semi-structured interviews with n = 21 students were conducted between August and September 2021. Students of legal age studying psychology or medicine at a German university could participate. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and content-analyzed according to Mayring, using deductive and inductive coding. Results Most students reported having little experience with dMHSs. Digital health has barely been raised in their study, even though it was perceived as crucial for personal needs as well as in preparation for their work as HCPs. Students favoured receiving information on and recommendations for dMHSs from their university via, e.g. social media or seminars. Among others, information about data safety, scientific evidence base and application scope were preferred. Additionally, information on costs as well as user reviews seemed to be essential components of information strategies because students were concerned that high costs or low usability would hinder uptake. Conclusions The results give first insights on how future HCPs would like to be informed on dMHSs. Future research should focus on systematic variations of AFIs' components mimicking real-world decision scenarios to increase the adoption of dMHSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Braun
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Schwientek
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and
Psychotherapy, University Hospital rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical
University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Guthardt
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Icks
- Institute for Health Services Research
and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Adrian Loerbroks
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen
- Institute of Occupational, Social and
Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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9
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Sterling WA, Sobolev M, Van Meter A, Guinart D, Birnbaum ML, Rubio JM, Kane JM. Digital Technology in Psychiatry: Survey Study of Clinicians. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e33676. [PMID: 36355414 PMCID: PMC9693695 DOI: 10.2196/33676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital technology has the potential to transform psychiatry, but its adoption has been limited. The proliferation of telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the urgency of optimizing technology for clinical practice. Understanding clinician attitudes and preferences is crucial to effective implementation and patient benefit. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to elicit clinician perspectives on emerging digital technology. METHODS Clinicians in a large psychiatry department (inpatient and outpatient) were invited to complete a web-based survey about their attitudes toward digital technology in practice, focusing on implementation, clinical benefits, and expectations about patients' attitudes. The survey consisted of 23 questions that could be answered on either a 3-point or 5-point Likert scale. We report the frequencies and percentages of responses. RESULTS In total, 139 clinicians completed the survey-they represent a variety of years of experience, credentials, and diagnostic subspecialties (response rate 69.5%). Overall, 83.4% (n=116) of them stated that digital data could improve their practice, and 23.0% (n=32) of responders reported that they had viewed patients' profiles on social media. Among anticipated benefits, clinicians rated symptom self-tracking (n=101, 72.7%) as well as clinical intervention support (n=90, 64.7%) as most promising. Among anticipated challenges, clinicians mostly expressed concerns over greater time demand (n=123, 88.5%) and whether digital data would be actionable (n=107, 77%). Furthermore, 95.0% (n=132) of clinicians expected their patients to share digital data. CONCLUSIONS Overall, clinicians reported a positive attitude toward the use of digital data to not only improve patient outcomes but also highlight significant barriers that implementation would need to overcome. Although clinicians' self-reported attitudes about digital technology may not necessarily translate into behavior, our results suggest that technologies that reduce clinician burden and are easily interpretable have the greatest likelihood of uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Andrew Sterling
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael Sobolev
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Anna Van Meter
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Guinart
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Michael L Birnbaum
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jose M Rubio
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - John M Kane
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, United States
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
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10
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Kruzan KP, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Dobias M, Schleider JL, Pratap A. Developing, Deploying, and Evaluating Digital Mental Health Interventions in Spaces of Online Help- and Information-Seeking. PROCEDIA COMPUTER SCIENCE 2022; 206:6-22. [PMID: 37063642 PMCID: PMC10104522 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2022.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The internet is frequently the first point of contact for people seeking support for their mental health symptoms. Digital interventions designed to be deployed through the internet have significant promise to reach diverse populations who may not have access to, or are not yet engaged in, treatment and deliver evidence-based resources to address symptoms. The liminal nature of online interactions requires designing to prioritize needs detection, intervention potency, and efficiency. Real-world implementation, data privacy and safety are equally important and can involve transparent partnerships with stakeholders in industry and non-profit organizations. This commentary highlights challenges and opportunities for research in this space, grounded in learnings from multiple research projects and teams aligned with this effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee P. Kruzan
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | - Mallory Dobias
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Abhishek Pratap
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Kings College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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11
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Cohen KA, Graham AK, Lattie EG. Aligning students and counseling centers on student mental health needs and treatment resources. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:724-732. [PMID: 32432973 PMCID: PMC7677163 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1762611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo recognize gaps between students' expectations of college counseling centers and centers' current practices and to identify strategies to improve care from both clinicians and students. Participants: As part of an ongoing study on mobile technologies for stress management, we gathered data from counseling center clinicians and students at two large Midwestern universities. Methods: Clinicians completed online questionnaires on their current practices and interest in digital mental health tools. Students and clinicians completed co-design workshops. In subsequent individual interviews, students identified barriers to care. Results: Both students and clinicians recognized a need for stress management and mental health support outside of counseling sessions. Conclusions: Students and clinicians recognize barriers to face-to-face therapy and are eager to collaborate to identify opportunities to address barriers to mental health services. We discuss digital mental health tools as a potential opportunity for support and benefits of including students in discussions of treatment resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrea K. Graham
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emily G. Lattie
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, 750 N Lake Shore Drive, 10th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .
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12
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Teachman BA, Silverman AL, Werntz A. Digital Mental Health Services: Moving From Promise to Results. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2022; 29:97-104. [PMID: 35599835 PMCID: PMC9122336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The papers in this special issue make a compelling case for the value of digital mental health services (DMHS; including technology-based interventions, assessments, and prevention programs) to help address some of the currently unmet needs in mental health care. At the same time, the papers highlight the work that needs to be accomplished for DMHS to fulfill their promise. We review the papers' contributions in terms of (a) the imperative to increase access to evidence-informed, high-quality care, especially for underserved populations, both in the United States and globally; (b) ways to use DMHS to improve the ways that clinical care is provided to make treatment provision more effective and efficient; and (c) the current state of the research on DMHS for emotional disorders. We then consider lessons learned and recommendations to move the field forward, such as increasing (and making transparent) the research base on DMHS, adopting regulatory standards for DMHS, attending carefully to training issues for DMHS and best practices for dissemination and implementation, designing specifically for digital platforms, and being intentional about efforts to reduce disparities regarding who benefits from DMHS.
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13
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Xu RH, Shi LSB, Xia Y, Wang D. Associations among eHealth literacy, social support, individual resilience, and emotional status in primary care providers during the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221089789. [PMID: 35355807 PMCID: PMC8958311 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221089789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate eHealth literacy among primary care providers (PCPs) and explore its association with social support, individual resilience, anxiety, and depression during an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Guangzhou, China. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in 18 community healthcare centers in Guangzhou, China. The responses of 600 PCPs were tagged as valid responses. Information pertaining to their background, eHealth literacy, anxiety, depression levels, social support, and individual resilience was also collected. Multilevel analysis was used to determine the association among the measures to account for the nested random effect of community health centers in different districts. Results Participants showed a moderate self-perceived level of eHealth literacy (M = 30, SD = 5.8). Participants who reported higher levels of eHealth literacy were more likely to exhibit lower levels of anxiety and depression, higher social support, and greater resilience. After adjusting for background characteristics, the results of the multilevel logistic analysis showed that eHealth literacy was significantly associated with anxiety and depression, social support, and individual resilience. Younger participants and those who were highly educated reported enhanced eHealth literacy. Conclusions This study presents a baseline reference for eHealth literacy among Chinese PCPs. Improving their ability to search for and use reliable web-based information was beneficial for facilitating perceived social support and raising resilience during the pandemic. Strategies to provide high-quality web-based information to PCPs to self-assess and identify psychological distress at an early stage should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Huan Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu-shao-bo Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xia
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Digitized thought records: a practitioner-focused review of cognitive restructuring apps. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s1754470x22000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mental health (MH) apps can be used as adjunctive tools in traditional face-to-face therapy to help implement components of evidence-based treatments. However, practitioners interested in using MH apps face a variety of challenges, including knowing which apps would be appropriate to use. Although some resources are available to help practitioners identify apps, granular analyses of how faithfully specific clinical skills are represented in apps are lacking. This study aimed to conduct a review and analysis of MH apps containing a core component of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) – cognitive restructuring (CR). A keyword search for apps providing CR functionality on the Apple App and Android Google Play stores yielded 246 apps after removal of duplicates, which was further reduced to 15 apps following verification of a CR component and application of other inclusionary/exclusionary criteria. Apps were coded based on their inclusion of core elements of CR, and general app features including app content, interoperability/data sharing, professional involvement, ethics, and data safeguards. They were also rated on user experience as assessed by the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Whereas a majority of the CR apps include most core CR elements, they vary considerably with respect to more granular sub-elements of CR (e.g. rating the intensity of emotions), other general app features, and user experience (average MARS = 3.53, range from 2.30 to 4.58). Specific apps that fared best with respect to CR fidelity and user experience dimensions are highlighted, and implications of findings for clinicians, researchers and app developers are discussed.
Key learning aims
(1)
To identify no-cost mobile health apps that practitioners can adopt to facilitate cognitive restructuring.
(2)
To review how well the core elements of cognitive restructuring are represented in these apps.
(3)
To characterize these apps with respect to their user experience and additional features.
(4)
To provide examples of high-quality apps that represent cognitive restructuring with fidelity and facilitate its clinical implementation.
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15
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Cooper M, Reilly EE, Siegel JA, Coniglio K, Sadeh-Sharvit S, Pisetsky EM, Anderson LM. Eating disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine: an overview of risks and recommendations for treatment and early intervention. Eat Disord 2022; 30:54-76. [PMID: 32644868 PMCID: PMC7929530 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1790271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) are at significant risk for increases in symptomatology and diminished treatment access during the COVID-19 pandemic. Environmental precautions to limit coronavirus spread have affected food availability and access to healthy coping mechanisms, and have contributed to weight-stigmatizing social media messages that may be uniquely harmful to those experiencing EDs. Additionally, changes in socialization and routine, stress, and experiences of trauma that are being experienced globally may be particularly deleterious to ED risk and recovery. This paper presents a brief review of the pertinent literature related to the risk of EDs in the context of COVID-19 and offers suggestions for modifying intervention efforts to accommodate the unique challenges individuals with EDs and providers may be experiencing in light of the ongoing public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erin E Reilly
- Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Jaclyn A Siegel
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Kathryn Coniglio
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Emily M Pisetsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lisa M Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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16
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Camilleri LJ, Maras K, Brosnan M. Mothers' and practitioners' insights on the use of digitally-mediated social stories with children on the autism spectrum: A convergent mixed-methods study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 119:104104. [PMID: 34626938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While end-user interest in digitally-mediated Social Story (SS) intervention for children on the autism spectrum is growing, research on the use of SSs in digital form is currently lacking. AIMS This study aimed to investigate how digital-mediation can influence parents' and practitioners' attitudes towards the SS intervention as well as impact their perceived competence in their ability to administer the intervention. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This study used a convergent mixed-method design. Nineteen participants (ten practitioners and nine mothers) participated in two focus group sessions. Participants then engaged with a digitally-mediated SS and completed a pre- and post-engagement survey measuring attitude, competence and user experience with the intervention. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The mothers' perceived competence ratings improved after engaging with digitally-mediated SSs. Mothers and practitioners also indicated that digitally-mediated SSs increased their perceived efficiency, while mothers felt it improved their autonomy and further empowered them as end-users. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Digitally-mediated SS has the potential to effectively address challenges related to intervention implementation whilst also empowering further the end-user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis John Camilleri
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Applied Autism Research, University of Bath, United Kingdom; Faculty of Education, Department of Inclusion & Access to Learning, University of Malta, Malta.
| | - Katie Maras
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Applied Autism Research, University of Bath, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Brosnan
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Applied Autism Research, University of Bath, United Kingdom.
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17
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Marques G, Gil RS, Franco-Martín M, de la Torre I. Telemedicine solutions for patients with mental disorders: a Delphi study and review of mobile applications in virtual stores. Inform Health Soc Care 2021; 47:223-242. [PMID: 34672851 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2021.1988956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders are a critical public health challenge since they profoundly affected people lifestyle. Mental healthcare treatments aim to promote a higher quality of life of the patients. These procedures include interventions for prolonged mental illness which can be supported by telemedicine technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of mobile applications selected to address the most critical needs of people with mental problems. Needs include areas of the patient's life, such as basic activities, behavioral changes, and daily life tasks. This work has two main objectives; (1) identify critical needs for patients with mental disorders and (2) identify and analyze apps that can meet the identified critical needs. A Delphi methodology survey was carried with a group of thirteen volunteers, including nurses, assistants, and psychiatrists who are working in Zamora and Valladolid, Spain. This survey has recommended different needs for patients with mental disorders and address objective 1. Google Play and Apple Store have been assessed to select the most relevant mobile applications that were recommended in the Delphi study to address the essential needs of these patients according to objective 2. The results of the Delphi survey show 24 different needs for patients with mental disorders. This study has analyzed 62 mobile applications which address the essential needs recommended in the Delphi study. The selected mobile applications represent 31 applications with feedback (50%); 15 informative applications (24%), and 16 independent applications (26%). On the one hand, applications with feedback request can address 13 recommended needs (54%). On the other hand, informative applications can address 7 needs (29%). Finally, the independent applications are only able to respond to 4 of the 24 recommend needs (17%). Mobile health applications present effective technologies to support the needs of patients with mental disorders. However, this study suggests a critical limitation of mobile applications for mental health since the majority of the applications require user activity. Therefore, future research initiatives on the design and development of mobile apps for people who have mental disorders should focus on independent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Marques
- Polytechnic of Coimbra, ESTGOH, Oliveira Do Hospital, Portugal.,Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Santos Gil
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Isabel de la Torre
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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18
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Parisi KE, Dopp AR, Quetsch LB. Practitioner use of and attitudes towards videoconferencing for the delivery of evidence-based telemental health interventions: A mixed methods study. Internet Interv 2021; 26:100470. [PMID: 34712597 PMCID: PMC8529504 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of evidence-based psychosocial interventions using video-conference delivery (VCD) has the potential to increase accessibility to effective treatments, although its use remains limited and understudied. This study employed a mixed methods approach in surveying mental health practitioners about their attitudes regarding VCD of interventions that are considered evidence-based (i.e., have been shown to improve targeted outcomes in rigorous research). One hundred and eleven practitioners were sampled from several national and regional U.S. practice organizations and were administered quantitative surveys about their use of and attitudes towards VCD of evidence-based interventions (EBI). We examined the relationship between practitioner-level technology access, experience, and training with technology fluency and acceptability of using VCD. Quantitative results indicated the most frequently used adaptation for VCD was Tailoring and that practitioner education predicted attitudes towards EBIs. A subset (n = 20) of respondents were then purposively selected for qualitative interviews to further investigate accessibility, appropriateness, and feasibility of delivering EBIs via video conference. A conventional content analysis revealed that VCD was appropriate and acceptable for EBIs; however, many practitioners also described barriers related to feasibility of implementation. The results of this study have important implications for telemental health dissemination efforts which seek to extend services to populations not served well by traditional, in-person mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Parisi
- University of Arkansas, Department of Psychological Science, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America,Corresponding author.
| | - Alex R. Dopp
- RAND Corporation, Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90401, United States of America
| | - Lauren B. Quetsch
- University of Arkansas, Department of Psychological Science, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
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19
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Dederichs M, Weber J, Pischke CR, Angerer P, Apolinário-Hagen J. Exploring medical students' views on digital mental health interventions: A qualitative study. Internet Interv 2021; 25:100398. [PMID: 34026567 PMCID: PMC8122007 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students show a relatively high prevalence for common mental disorders. Only few of those in need for treatment seek professional help. Therefore, easily accessible interventions are required. While several evidence-based internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) have been proposed, little is known about medical students' attitudes towards using them. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the views of medical students on IMIs as well as facilitators and barriers to use them and gain first insights into their preferences for tailored IMIs. METHODS We conducted four focus groups with 26 medical students enrolled at a German medical school in March 2020. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed following established approaches for qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Medical students valued IMIs for their low-threshold and flexible access, their potential to bridge waiting times and as a first step towards face-to-face-therapy. However, medical students preferred face-to-face interventions in case of severe mental health problems. The main disadvantages named by students included difficulties to find or decide on suitable IMIs based on clear quality criteria, fear of a misdiagnosis and lack of personalisation and human interaction. Some students also questioned the effectiveness of IMIs. Easy handling, flexible use, data safety and easily understandable terms of use were believed to facilitate the uptake of IMIs, whereas technical problems, frequent notifications, required internet access, need to register, lack of anonymity, high time expenditure and costs were reported to hinder their use. Most students did not prefer IMIs tailored to medical students but rather wanted to use IMIs suitable for students of all disciplines. CONCLUSION Our results suggest overall positive views regarding IMIs for mental health promotion but concerns regarding their use for severe mental disorders and acute crises. Our findings indicate that IMIs may represent promising tools for stress prevention and early interventions for medical students. Students explicitly stated to prefer quality-approved IMIs recommended and provided by their university.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Dederichs
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Jeannette Weber
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Claudia R. Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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20
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Zaslavsky O, Chu F, Renn BN. Patient Digital Technologies to Support Primary Care across Disorders: Survey of Primary Care Providers, Behavioral Health Consultants, and Nurses (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2021; 6:e32664. [PMID: 35212642 PMCID: PMC8917439 DOI: 10.2196/32664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Zaslavsky
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Frances Chu
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brenna N Renn
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United States
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21
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Dubad M, Elahi F, Marwaha S. The Clinical Impacts of Mobile Mood-Monitoring in Young People With Mental Health Problems: The MeMO Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:687270. [PMID: 34393850 PMCID: PMC8363129 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.687270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Limited evidence suggests that mobile mood-monitoring can improve mental health outcomes and therapeutic engagement in young people. The aim of this mixed methods study was to explore the clinical impacts of mobile mood-monitoring in youth with mental health problems, using a publicly accessible app. Methods: Twenty-three patients with mental health problems and 24 young people without mental health problems participated in the quantitative study. Participants monitored their mood using a mood-monitoring app twice a day for 3 weeks, which was preceded by a 3-week baseline period. Outcome measures included momentary and retrospective assessments of affect regulation (all participants) and therapeutic engagement (patients only). Following the quantitative study, patients (n = 7) and their clinicians (n = 6) participated in individual interviews. Interview data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Use of the mood-monitoring app significantly reduced momentary negative mood (p < 0.001) and retrospectively assessed impulsivity across all 47 participants (p = 0.001). All other outcomes showed no significant difference. Qualitative feedback similarly indicated the potential of apps to improve problems with impulsivity in patients. Furthermore, apps may aid communication, promote empowerment, and ameliorate memory difficulties in clinical appointments. Conclusions: This mixed methods study demonstrated the potential utility of apps for clinical practice. Apps may potentially be an interventional tool, or at a minimum, an adjunct to existing treatments. Data was collected from a small sample size over a short study duration, limiting the generalisability of findings and inferences regarding long-term effects. Potential sources of bias in the qualitative study (e.g., researcher bias) should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Dubad
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Farah Elahi
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Specialist Mood Disorders Clinic, Zinnia Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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22
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Mazziotti R, Rutigliano G. Tele-Mental Health for Reaching Out to Patients in a Time of Pandemic: Provider Survey and Meta-analysis of Patient Satisfaction. JMIR Ment Health 2021; 8:e26187. [PMID: 34114956 PMCID: PMC8323764 DOI: 10.2196/26187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic threatened to impact mental health by disrupting access to care due to physical distance measures and the unexpected pressure on public health services. Tele-mental health was rapidly implemented to deliver health care services. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were (1) to present state-of-the-art tele-mental health research, (2) to survey mental health providers about care delivery during the pandemic, and (3) to assess patient satisfaction with tele-mental health. METHODS Document clustering was applied to map research topics within tele-mental health research. A survey was circulated among mental health providers. Patient satisfaction was investigated through a meta-analysis of studies that compared satisfaction scores between tele-mental health and face-to-face interventions for mental health disorders, retrieved from Web of Knowledge and Scopus. Hedges g was used as the effect size measure, and effect sizes were pooled using a random-effect model. Sources of heterogeneity and bias were examined. RESULTS Evidence on tele-mental health has been accumulating since 2000, especially regarding service implementation, depressive or anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and special populations. Research was concentrated in a few countries. The survey (n=174 respondents from Italy, n=120 international) confirmed that, after the onset of COVID-19 outbreak, there was a massive shift from face-to-face to tele-mental health delivery of care. However, respondents held skeptical views about tele-mental health and did not feel sufficiently trained and satisfied. Meta-analysis of 29 studies (n=2143) showed that patients would be equally satisfied with tele-mental health as they are with face-to-face interventions (Hedges g=-0.001, 95% CI -0.116 to 0.114, P=.98, Q=43.83, I2=36%, P=.03) if technology-related issues were minimized. CONCLUSIONS Mental health services equipped with tele-mental health will be better able to cope with public health crises. Both providers and patients need to be actively engaged in digitization, to reshape their reciprocal trust around technological innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Mazziotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Lau N, O'Daffer A, Yi-Frazier JP, Rosenberg AR. Popular Evidence-Based Commercial Mental Health Apps: Analysis of Engagement, Functionality, Aesthetics, and Information Quality. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e29689. [PMID: 34259639 PMCID: PMC8319777 DOI: 10.2196/29689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a robust market for mobile health (mHealth) apps focused on self-guided interventions to address a high prevalence of mental health disorders and behavioral health needs in the general population. Disseminating mental health interventions via mHealth technologies may help overcome barriers in access to care and has broad consumer appeal. However, development and testing of mental health apps in formal research settings are limited and far outpaced by everyday consumer use. In addition to prioritizing efficacy and effectiveness testing, researchers should examine and test app design elements that impact the user experience, increase engagement, and lead to sustained use over time. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the objective and subjective quality of apps that are successful across both research and consumer sectors, and the relationships between objective app quality, subjective user ratings, and evidence-based behavior change techniques. This will help inform user-centered design considerations for mHealth researchers to maximize design elements and features associated with consumer appeal, engagement, and sustainability. Methods We conducted a user-centered design analysis of popular consumer apps with scientific backing utilizing the well-validated Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). Popular consumer apps with research support were identified via a systematic search of the App Store iOS (Apple Inc) and Google Play (Google LLC) and literature review. We evaluated the quality metrics of 19 mental health apps along 4 MARS subscales, namely, Engagement, Functionality, Aesthetics, and Information Quality. MARS total and subscale scores range from 1 to 5, with higher scores representing better quality. We then extracted user ratings from app download platforms and coded apps for evidence-based treatment components. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients to identify associations between MARS scores, App Store iOS/Google Play consumer ratings, and number of evidence-based treatment components. Results The mean MARS score was 3.52 (SD 0.71), consumer rating was 4.22 (SD 0.54), and number of evidence-based treatment components was 2.32 (SD 1.42). Consumer ratings were significantly correlated with the MARS Functionality subscale (r=0.74, P<.001), Aesthetics subscale (r=0.70, P<.01), and total score (r=0.58, P=.01). Number of evidence-based intervention components was not associated with MARS scores (r=0.085, P=.73) or consumer ratings (r=–0.329, P=.16). Conclusions In our analysis of popular research-supported consumer apps, objective app quality and subjective consumer ratings were generally high. App functionality and aesthetics were highly consistent with consumer appeal, whereas evidence-based components were not. In addition to designing treatments that work, we recommend that researchers prioritize aspects of app design that impact the user experience for engagement and sustainability (eg, ease of use, navigation, visual appeal). This will help translate evidence-based interventions to the competitive consumer app market, thus bridging the gap between research development and real-world implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.,Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alison O'Daffer
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joyce P Yi-Frazier
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Lau N, O'Daffer A, Yi-Frazier J, Rosenberg AR. Goldilocks and the Three Bears: A Just-Right Hybrid Model to Synthesize the Growing Landscape of Publicly Available Health-Related Mobile Apps. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27105. [PMID: 34096868 PMCID: PMC8218213 DOI: 10.2196/27105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have provided an innovative platform for the deployment of health care diagnostics, symptom monitoring, and prevention and intervention programs. Such health-related smartphone apps are universally accepted by patients and providers with over 50 million users worldwide. Despite the rise in popularity and accessibility among consumers, the evidence base in support of health-related apps has fallen well behind the rapid pace of industry development. To bridge this evidence gap, researchers are beginning to consider how to best apply evidence-based research standards to the systematic synthesis of the mHealth consumer market. In this viewpoint, we argue for the adoption of a “hybrid model” that combines a traditional systematic review with a systematic search of mobile app download platforms for health sciences researchers interested in synthesizing the state of the science of consumer apps. This approach, which we have successfully executed in a recent review, maximizes the benefits of traditional and novel approaches to address the essential question of whether popular consumer mHealth apps work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.,Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alison O'Daffer
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joyce Yi-Frazier
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, WA, United States
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Lau N, Rosenberg AR. THE VIRTUAL DOCTOR IS IN: E-CONNECTING TO PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE. PEDIATRIC E-JOURNAL 2021; 63:26-30. [PMID: 35037004 PMCID: PMC8759592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Abby R. Rosenberg
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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26
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Morton E, Torous J, Murray G, Michalak EE. Using apps for bipolar disorder - An online survey of healthcare provider perspectives and practices. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:22-28. [PMID: 33647725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphone apps have recognized potential for improving access to evidence-based care in the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). Healthcare providers are well-positioned to play a role in guiding patients to access safe, evidence-supported, and trustworthy apps. However, little is known about whether and how clinicians use apps with people with BD: understanding practices and attitudes of healthcare providers is essential to support the implementation of mHealth interventions in a real-world context. METHODS A web-based survey was used to explore clinicians' attitudes towards, and use of apps when working with people with BD. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize quantitative findings. Free text responses were investigated using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Eighty healthcare providers completed the survey. Approximately half of the respondents reported discussing or recommending apps in clinical practice with BD populations. Recommended apps were most commonly related to mood, sleep, and exercise. Barriers to discussing apps included a lack of healthcare provider knowledge/confidence, concerns about patients' ability to access apps, and beliefs that patients lacked interest in apps. CONCLUSION Although research suggests that people with BD are interested in using apps, uptake of such technology among clinicians is more limited. A lack of clinician knowledge regarding apps, combined with concerns about the digital divide and patient interest, may account for this relatively limited integration of apps into the management of BD. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the information needs of healthcare providers when planning dissemination strategies for app-based interventions for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Morton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - John Torous
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Greg Murray
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erin E Michalak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Strudwick G, McLay D, Lo B, Shin HD, Currie L, Thomson N, Maillet É, Strong V, Miller A, Shen N, Campbell J. Development of a Resource Guide to Support the Engagement of Mental Health Providers and Patients With Digital Health Tools: Multimethod Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25773. [PMID: 33885374 PMCID: PMC8103299 DOI: 10.2196/25773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As mental illness continues to affect 1 in 5 individuals, and the need for support has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the promise of digital mental health tools remains largely unrealized due to a lack of uptake by patients and providers. Currently, most efforts on supporting the uptake of digital mental health tools remain fragmented across organizations and geography. There is a critical need to synthesize these efforts in order to provide a coordinated strategy of supporting the adoption of digital mental health tools. OBJECTIVE The specific aim of this project is to develop a web-based resource document to support the engagement of mental health providers and patients in the use of digital mental health tools. METHODS The web-based resource was developed using a multimethod approach. A grey literature review was conducted in 2019 to identify relevant toolkits that are available in the public domain. This was supplemented with an environmental scan where individuals with expertise in the development, acquisition, implementation, and evaluation of digital mental health tools were invited to contribute additional tools or documents not identified in the grey literature search. An engagement workshop was held with stakeholders to explore how the resource document should be developed and delivered. These findings were collectively used to develop the final iteration of the resource document. RESULTS Based on a gray literature review and environmental scan with 27 experts, 25 resources were identified and included in the resource guide. These resources were developed for patients and providers by organizations from 5 countries. An engagement workshop was held with 14 stakeholders, and barriers related to cultural sensitivity, sustainability, and accessibility of the toolkit were identified. The final iteration of the resource document was developed by the research team using findings from the gray literature review, environmental scan, and engagement workshop. The contents of the 45-page resource guide are directed at mental health care providers, administrators, and patients (inclusive of families and caregivers). CONCLUSIONS The use of a multimethod approach led to the development of a resource guide that builds on existing evidence on digital mental health tools and was co-designed with stakeholders and end-users. The resource guide is now publicly available online for free and is being promoted through digital health and mental health websites. Future work should explore how this document can be integrated into clinical care delivery and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Strudwick
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David McLay
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Lo
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Leanne Currie
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Thomson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Nelson Shen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zhang X, Chen X, Kourkoumelis N, Gao R, Li G, Zhu C. A Social Media-Promoted Educational Community of Joint Replacement Patients Using the WeChat App: Survey Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e18763. [PMID: 33734094 PMCID: PMC8088850 DOI: 10.2196/18763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Much effort has been made to optimize the results of total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. With the rapid growth of social media use, mobile apps, such as WeChat, have been considered for improving outcomes and patient satisfaction after total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. Objective We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a WeChat-based community as an intervention for overall patient satisfaction. Methods The study was conducted among discharged in-hospital patients who received hip or knee procedures in the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China from April 2019 to January 2020. An educational online social community was constructed with the WeChat app. Participants willing to join the community were enrolled in a WeChat group and received 3 months of intervention and follow-up. Those who were not willing to use the account were included in a control group and received routine publicity via telephone, mail, and brochures. The Danish Health and Medicine Authority patient satisfaction questionnaire was used to score perioperative patient education and overall satisfaction. The contents in the group chat were analyzed using natural language processing tools. Results A total of 3428 patients were enrolled in the study, including 2292 in the WeChat group and 1236 in the control group. Participants in the WeChat group had higher overall satisfaction scores than those in the control group (mean 8.48, SD 1.12 vs mean 6.66, SD 1.80, P<.001). The difference between the two groups was significant for primary surgery based on subgroup stratification. To control confounding factors and explore the effects of WeChat participation as a mediating variable between perioperative patient education and overall satisfaction, hierarchical regression was utilized. An interpatient interaction model was found in the community group chat, and it contributed to overall satisfaction. Patients in the group with more interpatient interactions were more likely to have better overall satisfaction. Conclusions The social media–promoted educational community using WeChat was effective among joint replacement patients. Provision of more perioperative education is associated with more active patient participation in the community and therefore more patient satisfaction in terms of the overall joint procedure. Community group chat could facilitate interactions among patients and contribute to overall satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nikolaos Kourkoumelis
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ran Gao
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities, Guangdong Peizheng College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Boden M, Zimmerman L, Azevedo KJ, Ruzek JI, Gala S, Abdel Magid HS, Cohen N, Walser R, Mahtani ND, Hoggatt KJ, McLean CP. Addressing the mental health impact of COVID-19 through population health. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 85:102006. [PMID: 33714167 PMCID: PMC7934657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has and will continue to result in negative mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety and traumatic stress in people and populations throughout the world. A population mental health perspective informed by clinical psychology, psychiatry and dissemination and implementation science is ideally suited to address the broad, multi-faceted and long-lasting mental health impact of the pandemic. Informed by a systematic review of the burgeoning empirical research on the COVID-19 pandemic and research on prior coronavirus pandemics, we link pandemic risk factors, negative mental health outcomes and appropriate intervention strategies. We describe how social risk factors and pandemic stressors will contribute to negative mental health outcomes, especially among vulnerable populations. We evaluate the scalability of primary, secondary and tertiary interventions according to mental health target, population, modality, intensity and provider type to provide a unified strategy for meeting population mental health needs. Traditional models, in which evidence-based therapies delivered are delivered in-person, by a trained expert, at a specialty care location have proved difficult to scale. The use of non-traditional models, tailoring preventive interventions to populations based on their needs, and ongoing coordinated evaluation of intervention implementation and effectiveness will be critical to refining our efforts to increase reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Boden
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, United States of America.
| | - Lindsey Zimmerman
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Care Healthcare System, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn J Azevedo
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Care Healthcare System, United States of America
| | - Josef I Ruzek
- Center for m2 Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, United States of America
| | - Sasha Gala
- Mission Rock Enterprise, LLC, United States of America
| | - Hoda S Abdel Magid
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, United States of America
| | - Nichole Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, United States of America
| | - Robyn Walser
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Care Healthcare System, United States of America; University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
| | - Naina D Mahtani
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, United States of America; School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, United States of America
| | - Katherine J Hoggatt
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Carmen P McLean
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Care Healthcare System, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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Ganapathy A, Clough BA, Casey LM. Organizational and Policy Barriers to the Use of Digital Mental Health by Mental Health Professionals. Telemed J E Health 2021; 27:1332-1343. [PMID: 33646057 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2020.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Digital mental health (DMH) provides effective methods of overcoming issues of time constraints, accessibility, and availability of mental health care. They can provide a valuable means to deliver mental health care in the present pandemic. However, adoption of these methods has been slow. Mental health professional (MHP) concerns at the organizational and policy level that influence this slow adoption need to be examined. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted to identify the barriers. Searches using the databases Scopus, Embase, and PubMed were conducted to identify research focused on barriers reported by MHPs to use DMH. Results: The search resulted in 356 unique citations, and 21 papers met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Forward and backward sampling resulted in identifying an additional 19 relevant papers. Discussion: Unmet needs for information, training, and infrastructure, challenges to the workflow and excessive workloads, and ambiguous policies serve as barriers to DMH use. This article recommends strategies for researchers, organizations, DMH designers, and governmental institutions to ensure efficient utilization of DMH. Conclusion: Concerted efforts at individual, organizational, and governmental levels are essential to ensure efficient utilization of DMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Ganapathy
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Bonnie A Clough
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute, Mount Gravatt, Australia
| | - Leanne M Casey
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute, Mount Gravatt, Australia
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An Introduction to Core Competencies for the Use of Mobile Apps in Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
A large number of Internet websites, mobile apps, wearable devices, and video games that are hoped to improve behavioral, cognitive, and affective targets associated with mental health have been developed. Although technology provides the promising potential to help spread evidence-based mental health treatments, that potential is still largely unrealized. The vast majority of technology-based mental health products, deemed digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), have not been tested and show little fidelity to evidence-based treatments. Furthermore, best practices around the use of technologies in clinical services are underdeveloped and few clinicians have been trained to integrate these tools in their practice. We present an overview of DMHIs and discuss key aspects related to their implementation. We organize these aspects according to the Consolidating Framework for Implementation Research, a framework that identifies constructs related to effective implementation. These constructs are categorized into 5 domains including characteristics of DMHIs, the individuals involved, associated processes, the inner setting, and the outer setting. Our goal is to highlight key areas of consideration for leveraging technology to support the implementation of evidence-based treatments and to emphasize challenges and opportunities that come from using technology to scale evidence-based mental health treatments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Torous
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
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33
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Drissi N, Ouhbi S, Janati Idrissi MA, Fernandez-Luque L, Ghogho M. Connected Mental Health: Systematic Mapping Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e19950. [PMID: 32857055 PMCID: PMC7486675 DOI: 10.2196/19950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mental health issues constitute an increasing global burden affecting a large number of people, the mental health care industry is still facing several care delivery barriers such as stigma, education, and cost. Connected mental health (CMH), which refers to the use of information and communication technologies in mental health care, can assist in overcoming these barriers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic mapping study is to provide an overview and a structured understanding of CMH literature available in the Scopus database. METHODS A total of 289 selected publications were analyzed based on 8 classification criteria: publication year, publication source, research type, contribution type, empirical type, mental health issues, targeted cohort groups, and countries where the empirically evaluated studies were conducted. RESULTS The results showed that there was an increasing interest in CMH publications; journals were the main publication channels of the selected papers; exploratory research was the dominant research type; advantages and challenges of the use of technology for mental health care were the most investigated subjects; most of the selected studies had not been evaluated empirically; depression and anxiety were the most addressed mental disorders; young people were the most targeted cohort groups in the selected publications; and Australia, followed by the United States, was the country where most empirically evaluated studies were conducted. CONCLUSIONS CMH is a promising research field to present novel approaches to assist in the management, treatment, and diagnosis of mental health issues that can help overcome existing mental health care delivery barriers. Future research should be shifted toward providing evidence-based studies to examine the effectiveness of CMH solutions and identify related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Drissi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,National School For Computer Science, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sofia Ouhbi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Mounir Ghogho
- TICLab, International University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Adolescent experiences of app-integrated therapy. THE EDUCATIONAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/edp.2019.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Cliffe B, Croker A, Denne M, Stallard P. Clinicians' use of and attitudes towards technology to provide and support interventions in child and adolescent mental health services. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2020; 25:95-101. [PMID: 32307835 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology can increase child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) capacity by supporting and delivering interventions, yet it has not been widely adopted by CAMHS child mental health professionals. Uptake can either be facilitated or obstructed by child mental health professionals' attitudes, which remain largely unknown. METHOD One hundred fifty-four CAMHS child mental health professionals completed a questionnaire about their use of, and attitudes towards, using technology with children and adolescents. RESULTS Child mental health professionals perceived themselves as generally competent at using technology, especially younger child mental health professionals, and perceived it to be helpful in their clinical work. A number of benefits of its use were identified such as accessibility, convenience and appeal, and it was primarily perceived as a preventative/psychoeducational tool rather than a replacement for face-to-face therapy. Older technologies (helplines and websites) were most frequently used, whereas newer technologies (computer games) were rarely used. Child mental health professionals were unsure what resources were available and whether technology is safe, private or reliable. CONCLUSIONS Despite positive attitudes towards technology, newer technologies were rarely used by child mental health professionals. An overall lack of knowledge about resources along with concerns about safety and reliability may account for the slow uptake of technology within CAMHS. These issues need addressing to maximise implementation, perhaps through training or workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abigail Croker
- Child and Family Service, Temple House Practice, Keynsham, UK
| | - Megan Denne
- Child and Family Service, Temple House Practice, Keynsham, UK
| | - Paul Stallard
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Child and Family Service, Temple House Practice, Keynsham, UK
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36
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Conducting Psychological Intervention Research in the Information Age: Reconsidering the "State of the Field". ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:210-218. [PMID: 31737779 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-018-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Enthusiasm for technology in mental health has evolved as a function of its promise to increase the reach and impact of services, particularly for traditionally at-risk and underserved groups. Preliminary findings suggest that technology-enhanced interventions indeed hold promise for increasing engagement in and outcomes of evidence-based treatment approaches. The time- and resourceintensive nature of traditional randomized control trials, however, may be even more of a challenge for further advancement in this area, given the rapid innovation of consumer driven new product development. Accordingly, this review aims to summarize how a broader range of scientific designs and analyses may be necessary in order to further advance and optimize the reach and impact of technology-enhanced psychological practice. Examples of various approaches are provided and recommendations are provided for future work in this area.
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Fiske A, Prainsack B, Buyx A. Data Work: Meaning-Making in the Era of Data-Rich Medicine. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11672. [PMID: 31290397 PMCID: PMC6647753 DOI: 10.2196/11672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of data-rich medicine, an increasing number of domains of people’s lives are datafied and rendered usable for health care purposes. Yet, deriving insights for clinical practice and individual life choices and deciding what data or information should be used for this purpose pose difficult challenges that require tremendous time, resources, and skill. Thus, big data not only promises new clinical insights but also generates new—and heretofore largely unarticulated—forms of work for patients, families, and health care providers alike. Building on science studies, medical informatics, Anselm Strauss and colleagues’ concept of patient work, and subsequent elaborations of articulation work, in this article, we analyze the forms of work engendered by the need to make data and information actionable for the treatment decisions and lives of individual patients. We outline three areas of data work, which we characterize as the work of supporting digital data practices, the work of interpretation and contextualization, and the work of inclusion and interaction. This is a first step toward naming and making visible these forms of work in order that they can be adequately seen, rewarded, and assessed in the future. We argue that making data work visible is also necessary to ensure that the insights of big and diverse datasets can be applied in meaningful and equitable ways for better health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Fiske
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Barbara Prainsack
- Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alena Buyx
- Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Toscos T, Coupe A, Flanagan M, Drouin M, Carpenter M, Reining L, Roebuck A, Mirro MJ. Teens Using Screens for Help: Impact of Suicidal Ideation, Anxiety, and Depression Levels on Youth Preferences for Telemental Health Resources. JMIR Ment Health 2019; 6:e13230. [PMID: 31228179 PMCID: PMC6611146 DOI: 10.2196/13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High rates of mental illness, stress, and suicidality among teens constitute a major public health concern in the United States. However, treatment rates remain low, partially because of barriers that could be mitigated with tech-based telemental health (TMH) resources, separate from or in addition to traditional care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze TMH resource usage by high school students to establish current user characteristics and provide a framework for future development. METHODS A total of 2789 students were surveyed regarding demographics, recent anxiety and depression symptoms, suicidality, and stress; people with whom they could openly and honestly discuss stress or problems, and prior TMH use. Logistic regression models and a general linear model were used to test relationships between variables. RESULTS Overall, 30.58% (853/2789) and 22.91% (639/2789) of students reported moderate to severe anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively, in the past 2 weeks; 16.24% (414/2550) had seriously considered suicide in the past year, consistent with national averages. Meanwhile, 16.03% (447/2789) of students had previously used at least 1 of 4 types of TMH resources (ie, self-help, anonymous chat, online counselor, or crisis text line). Teens reporting depression symptoms, higher stress, or suicidality were less likely to talk to a parent about stress or problems and more likely to tell no one. Suicidality was related to the use of all 4 types of TMH resources. Depression symptoms were related to the use of anonymous chat and crisis text line, and those with higher stress were more likely to have used an online counselor. Those reporting anxiety symptoms were less likely to have no one to talk to and more likely to have used a self-help resource. CONCLUSIONS Youth struggling with mental health symptoms, some of whom lack real-life confidants, are using existing TMH support, with resource preferences related to symptoms. Future research should consider these preferences and assist in the creation of specialized, evidence-based TMH resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Toscos
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Amanda Coupe
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Mindy Flanagan
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Michelle Drouin
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States.,Department of Psychology, Purdue University, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Maria Carpenter
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Lauren Reining
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Amelia Roebuck
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Michael J Mirro
- Parkview Research Center, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
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Bucci S, Berry N, Morris R, Berry K, Haddock G, Lewis S, Edge D. "They Are Not Hard-to-Reach Clients. We Have Just Got Hard-to-Reach Services." Staff Views of Digital Health Tools in Specialist Mental Health Services. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:344. [PMID: 31133906 PMCID: PMC6524662 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Digital health products designed to help people with severe mental health problems appear to be feasible, acceptable, and efficacious. The challenge facing the digital mental health field is implementing digital tools in routine service delivery. To date, there has been a paucity of qualitative research exploring staff views of digital health solutions in the context of mental healthcare. Engaging and involving frontline staff in the design and rollout of new technology to improve utilization is imperative for successful uptake and adoption of digital tools. The aim of the current study is to explore frontline staff views regarding the utility and appropriateness of using digital tools in the healthcare pathway for people accessing specialist secondary care mental health services. Method: Qualitative study using framework analysis was used with 48 mental health staff working in early intervention for psychosis services. Six groups comprising 5-10 early intervention service staff members in each group were conducted across the Northwest of England. Robust measures were used to develop a stable framework, including member checking, triangulation, and consensus meetings. Results: Three themes were identified a priori: i) perceived barriers to adopting smartphone apps for early psychosis; ii) acceptability of digital health tools for early psychosis patients; and iii) data security, safety, and risk. Alongside exploring the a priori topics, one theme was generated a posteriori: iv) relationships. Conclusions: Staff working in specialist early intervention for psychosis services found digital tools on the whole acceptable in mental health service provision, but raised a number of concerns that will likely affect implementation of such systems into routine service delivery and practice. Thirteen recommendations are made in this paper as a result of the themes generated in these data. Implementing of digital systems needs to be simple and uncomplicated and improve clinical workflows for staff rather than hinder and increase clinical workflows. Furthermore, organizational support with a clear plan for implementing technological innovations is required for successful adoption of digital systems. Consideration of staff views around digital systems is important if successful adoption and implementation of such systems are to occur. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.isrctn.com, identifier ISRCTN34966555.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bucci
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan Morris
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Haddock
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shôn Lewis
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Edge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Torous J, Wisniewski H, Bird B, Carpenter E, David G, Elejalde E, Fulford D, Guimond S, Hays R, Henson P, Hoffman L, Lim C, Menon M, Noel V, Pearson J, Peterson R, Susheela A, Troy H, Vaidyam A, Weizenbaum E, Naslund JA, Keshavan M. Creating a Digital Health Smartphone App and Digital Phenotyping Platform for Mental Health and Diverse Healthcare Needs: an Interdisciplinary and Collaborative Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41347-019-00095-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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42
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Chiauzzi E, Newell A. Mental Health Apps in Psychiatric Treatment: A Patient Perspective on Real World Technology Usage. JMIR Ment Health 2019; 6:e12292. [PMID: 31008711 PMCID: PMC6658296 DOI: 10.2196/12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For many people who use mobile apps, the primary motivations are entertainment, news, gaming, social connections, or productivity. For those experiencing health problems, particularly those with chronic conditions such as psychiatric disorders, the stakes are much higher. The digital tools that they select may be the difference between improvement and decompensation or even life and death. Although there has been a wide expansion of mental health apps with promise as well as hype, the current means of researching, evaluating, and deploying effective tools have been problematic. As a means of gaining a perspective that moves beyond usability testing, surveys, and app ratings, the primary objective of this patient perspective is to question the killer app and condition-specific mentality of current mental health app development. We do this by reviewing the current mobile mental health app literature, identifying ways in which psychiatric patients use apps in their lives, and then exploring how these issues are experienced by a software engineer who has struggled with her bipolar disorder for many years. Her lived experience combined with a technology perspective offers potential avenues for using technology productively in psychiatric treatment. We believe that this responds to JMIR Publications' call for patient perspective papers and provides encouragement for patients to share their views on mental health and technology.
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Reviewing the data security and privacy policies of mobile apps for depression. Internet Interv 2018; 15:110-115. [PMID: 30792962 PMCID: PMC6371412 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile apps have become popular resources for mental health support. Availability of information about developers' data security procedures for health apps, specifically those targeting mental health, has not been thoroughly investigated. If people are to use and trust these tools for their mental health, it is crucial we evaluate the transparency and quality around the data practices of these apps. The present study reviewed data security and privacy policies of mobile apps for depression. METHODS We reviewed mobile apps retrieved from iTunes and Google Play stores in October 2017, using the term "depression", and evaluated the transparency of data handling procedures of those apps. RESULTS We identified 116 eligible mobile phone apps. Of those, 4% (5/116) received a transparency score of acceptable, 28% (32/116) questionable, and 68% (79/116) unacceptable. Only a minority of the apps (49%) had a privacy policy. The availability of policies differed significantly by platform, with apps from iTunes more likely to have a policy than from the Google Play store. Mobile apps collecting identifiable information were significantly more likely to have a privacy policy (79%) compared to those collecting only non-identifiable information (34%). CONCLUSION The majority of apps reviewed were not sufficiently transparent with information regarding data security. Apps have great potential to scale mental health resources, providing resources to people unable or reluctant to access traditional face-to-face care, or as an adjunct to treatment. However, if they are to be a reasonable resource, they must be safe, secure, and responsible.
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44
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Pung A, Fletcher SL, Gunn JM. Mobile App Use by Primary Care Patients to Manage Their Depressive Symptoms: Qualitative Study. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e10035. [PMID: 30262449 PMCID: PMC6231897 DOI: 10.2196/10035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile apps are emerging as tools with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of mental health conditions such as depression. At the forefront of the community health sector, general practitioners are in a unique position to guide the integration of technology and depression management; however, little is currently known about how primary care patients with depressive symptoms are currently using apps. Objective The objective of our study was to explore the natural patterns of mobile app use among patients with depressive symptoms to facilitate the understanding of the potential role for mobile apps in managing depressive symptoms in the community. Methods Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with primary care patients in Victoria, Australia, who reported symptoms of depression and were enrolled in a larger randomized controlled trial of depression care. Interviews explored current depression management strategies and the use of mobile apps (if any). Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive thematic analysis was iteratively conducted using QSR NVivo 11 Pro to identify emergent themes. Results A total of 16 participants, aged between 20 to 58 years, took part in the interviews with 11 reporting the use of at least one mobile app to manage depressive symptoms and 5 reporting no app use. A variety of apps were described including relaxation, mindfulness, cognitive, exercise, gaming, social media, and well-being apps to aid with depressive symptoms. Among users, there were the following 4 main patterns of app use: skill acquisition, social connectedness, inquisitive trial, and safety netting. Factors that influenced app use included accessibility, perceptions of technology, and personal compatibility. Health care providers also had a role in initiating app use. Conclusions Mobile apps are being utilized for self-management of depressive symptoms by primary care patients. This study provided insight into the natural patterns and perspectives of app use, which enhanced the understanding of how this technology may be integrated into the toolbox for the management of depression. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616000537459; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367152 (Archived at WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71Vf06X2T)
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Pung
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jane Maree Gunn
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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45
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Price M, van Stolk-Cooke K, Brier ZMF, Legrand AC. mHealth solutions for early interventions after trauma: improvements and considerations for assessment and intervention throughout the acute post-trauma period. Mhealth 2018; 4:22. [PMID: 30148137 PMCID: PMC6087875 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth.2018.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interventions administered shortly after a traumatic event have the potential to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related mental health conditions. A key challenge in delivering such interventions is understanding how PTSD symptoms develop in the acute post-trauma period, defined as the first 30 days after a trauma. Mobile devices have the potential to transform the way symptoms are assessed and how treatment is delivered in that they can capture the dynamic and nuanced nature of symptom progression after trauma. Symptoms can be assessed through active strategies that require user input, such as self-report, or through passive strategies, such as location information. Adaptive mobile interventions can be tailored to target PTSD symptoms as they appear and ultimately prevent more chronic courses of illness. Considerations for how such mobile strategies should be implemented are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Price
- Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Katherine van Stolk-Cooke
- Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Zoe M F Brier
- Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Alison C Legrand
- Center for Research on Emotion, Stress, and Technology, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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46
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Abstract
Mental health apps offer unique opportunities for self-management of mental health and well-being in mobile, cost-effective ways. There is an abundance of apps available to consumers, but selecting a useful one presents a challenge. Most available apps are not supported by empirical evidence and thus consumers have access to a range of unreviewed apps, the benefits of which are not known or supported. While user ratings exist, and are likely to be considered by consumers when selecting an app, they do not actually yield information on app suitability. A possible alternative way for consumers to choose an app would be to use an app review platform. A number of attempts have been made to construct such a platform, and this paper introduces PsyberGuide, which offers a step towards providing objective and actionable information for publicly available mental health apps.
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47
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Gunn J, Cameron J, Densley K, Davidson S, Fletcher S, Palmer V, Chondros P, Dowrick C, Pirkis J. Uptake of mental health websites in primary care: Insights from an Australian longitudinal cohort study of depression. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2018; 101:105-112. [PMID: 28739180 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics of primary care attendees with depressive symptoms who use mental health websites. METHODS 789 individuals with depressive symptoms recruited and followed up annually for nine years. Self-reported written surveys included mental health, professional and self-help use, e-mental health interventions or therapeutic websites. Marginal logistic regression examined association between mental health website (MHW) use and patient's mental health, health services use, anti-depressant use and self-help strategies. RESULTS 36% of participants used an MHW at least once. MHW users were more likely to be female, younger, highly educated and employed. MHW use increased with depressive symptom severity; reported in 16% of assessments when minimal symptoms were present and 28% when severe symptoms were present. MHW use was associated with: GP mental health visits, psychologist and psychiatrist visits and other self-help strategies including self-help books and telephone helplines. CONCLUSION(S) Mental health websites were more likely to be used by those with severe depressive symptoms rather than those with mild depression as recommended in current guidelines. PRACTICE IMPLICATION(S) Whilst mental health websites offer potential to support the high volume of people with mild depression new strategies may be required to ensure uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Gunn
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jacqui Cameron
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Konstancja Densley
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sandra Davidson
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Susie Fletcher
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Victoria Palmer
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Patty Chondros
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christopher Dowrick
- Institute of Psychology Health and Society, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Owen JE, Kuhn E, Jaworski BK, McGee-Vincent P, Juhasz K, Hoffman JE, Rosen C. VA mobile apps for PTSD and related problems: public health resources for veterans and those who care for them. Mhealth 2018; 4:28. [PMID: 30148141 PMCID: PMC6087876 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth.2018.05.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many public health agencies, including the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), have identified the use of mobile technologies as an essential part of a larger strategy to address major public health challenges. The VA's National Center for PTSD (NCPTSD), in collaboration with VA's Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention and the Defense Health Agency inside the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), has been involved in the development, evaluation, and testing of 15 mobile apps designed specifically to address the needs and concerns of veterans and others experiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These applications include seven treatment-companion apps (designed to be used with a provider, in conjunction with an evidence-based therapy) and eight self-management apps (designed to be used independently or as an adjunct or extender of traditional care). There is growing evidence for the efficacy of several of these apps for reducing PTSD and other symptoms, and studies of providers demonstrate that the apps are engaging, easy-to-use, and provide a relative advantage to traditional care without apps. While publicly available apps do not collect or share personal data, VA has created research-enabled versions of many of its mental health apps to enable ongoing product enhancement and continuous measurement of the value of these tools to veterans and frontline providers. VA and DoD are also collaborating on provider-based implementation networks to enable clinicians to optimize implementation of mobile technologies in care. Although there are many challenges to developing and integrating mHealth into care, including cost, privacy, and the need for additional research, mobile mental health technologies are likely here to stay and have the potential to reach large numbers of those with unmet mental health needs, including PTSD-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E. Owen
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Eric Kuhn
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Beth K. Jaworski
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Pearl McGee-Vincent
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Juhasz
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Julia E. Hoffman
- Office of Mental Health Services, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Craig Rosen
- National Center for PTSD, Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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49
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Loiselle CG, Ahmed S. Is Connected Health Contributing to a Healthier Population? J Med Internet Res 2017; 19:e386. [PMID: 29127077 PMCID: PMC5701967 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.8309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Connected health tools, including mobile phones, incorporate various functions that capture events, direct actions, and make informed decisions based on complex sources of data. Connected health, a term recently proposed by some academics and industry, refers to the development, testing, and integration of smart technology tools into health care. Through these means, connected health creates interconnectivity across various environments, profoundly changing the way we learn, self-regulate, and communicate with one another. In health care, mobile phones enable more precise diagnostics, personalized health recommendations that enhance patient experiences and outcomes while containing health care costs. However, for connected health to achieve its full potential, issues must be addressed pertaining to active engagement in use, privacy, security, and quality, as well as the development of evidence-based guidelines. This commentary discusses these key challenges and explores the promise of connected health, specifically eHealth and mHealth. Anchored within the context of cancer, the authors’ area of expertise, the ideas put forward can readily be applied to other health-related disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen G Loiselle
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saima Ahmed
- Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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50
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Berry N, Bucci S, Lobban F. Use of the Internet and Mobile Phones for Self-Management of Severe Mental Health Problems: Qualitative Study of Staff Views. JMIR Ment Health 2017; 4:e52. [PMID: 29092809 PMCID: PMC5688247 DOI: 10.2196/mental.8311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers are currently investigating the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of digital health interventions for people who experience severe mental health problems such as psychosis and bipolar disorder. Although the acceptability of digital health interventions for severe mental health problems appears to be relatively high and some people report successfully using the Internet and mobile phones to manage their mental health, the attitudes of mental health care staff toward such approaches have yet to be considered. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore mental health care staff experiences of clients with severe mental health problems engaging with the Internet and mobile phones to self-manage their mental health and their views toward these behaviors. The study also sought to examine the opinions expressed by mental health care staff toward digital health interventions for severe mental health problems to identify potential facilitators and barriers to implementation. METHODS Four focus groups were conducted with 20 staff working in mental health care services in the North West of the England using a topic guide. Focus groups involved 12 staff working in secondary care psychological services (7 participants in focus group 1 and 5 participants in focus group 4), 4 staff working in a rehabilitation unit (focus group 2), and 4 staff working in a community mental health team (focus group 3). Focus groups were transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were analyzed thematically to identify key themes that emerged from the data. RESULTS Four overarching themes, two with associated subthemes, were identified: (1) staff have conflicting views about the pros and cons of using Web-based resources and digital health interventions to manage mental health; (2) digital health interventions could increase access to mental health support options for severe mental health problems but may perpetuate the digital divide; (3) digital health interventions' impact on staff roles and responsibilities; and (4) digital health interventions should be used to enhance, not replace, face-to-face support. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first, to our knowledge, to qualitatively explore the experiences and attitudes of mental health care staff toward individuals with severe mental health problems using the Internet, mobile phones, and digital health interventions to self-manage their mental health. Understanding the positive and negative experiences and views shared by staff toward both current and potential digital health intervention use has enabled the identification of several considerations for implementation. Additionally, the findings suggest mental health care staff need clear guidance and training in relation to their responsibilities in recommending reputable and secure websites, forums, and digital health interventions and in how to manage professional boundaries on the Internet. Overall, the study highlights that digital health interventions could be well received by staff working in mental health services but importantly, such management options must be presented to frontline staff as an avenue to enhance care and extend choice, rather than as a method to reduce costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Health eResearch Centre, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Bucci
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Lobban
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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