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Leek C, Cantu A, Sonti S, Gutierrez MC, Eldredge L, Sajti E, Xu HN, Lingappan K. Role of sex as a biological variable in neonatal alveolar macrophages. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103296. [PMID: 39098263 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The lung macrophages play a crucial role in health and disease. Sexual dimorphism significantly impacts the phenotype and function of tissue-resident macrophages. The primary mechanisms responsible for sexually dimorphic outcomes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remain unidentified. We tested the hypothesis that biological sex plays a crucial role in the transcriptional state of alveolar macrophages, using neonatal murine hyperoxia-induced lung injury as a relevant model for human BPD. The effects of neonatal hyperoxia exposure (95 % FiO2, PND1-5: saccular stage) on the lung myeloid cells acutely after injury and during normoxic recovery were measured. Alveolar macrophages (AM) from room air- and hyperoxia exposed from male and female neonatal murine lungs were subjected to bulk-RNA Sequencing. AMs are significantly depleted in the hyperoxia-exposed lung acutely after injury, with subsequent recovery in both sexes. The transcriptome of the alveolar macrophages is impacted by neonatal hyperoxia exposure and by sex as a biological variable. Pathways related to DNA damage and interferon-signaling were positively enriched in female AMs. Metabolic pathways related to glucose and carbohydrate metabolism were positively enriched in the male AMs, while oxidative phosphorylation was negatively enriched. These pathways were shared with monocytes and airway macrophages from intubated male and female human premature neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Leek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Abiud Cantu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Shilpa Sonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Manuel Cantu Gutierrez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Laurie Eldredge
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, WA, USA
| | - Eniko Sajti
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - He N Xu
- Britton Chance Laboratory of Redox Imaging, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Krithika Lingappan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
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Chen C, Zhou S, Yang X, Ren M, Qi Y, Mao Y, Yang C. In vitro study of cold atmospheric plasma-activated liquids inhibits malignant melanoma by affecting macrophage polarization through the ROS/JAK2/STAT1 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116657. [PMID: 38688171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a prevalent malignant skin tumor known for its high invasive ability and a high rate of metastasis, making clinical treatment exceptionally challenging. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and play a crucial role in tumor survival and development. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an emerging tool for tumor treatment that has garnered attention from scholars due to its interaction with non-tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we used the macrophage lines THP-1 and RAW264.7, as well as the melanoma cell lines A375 and MV3, as research subjects to investigate the effect of plasma-activated liquid (PAL) on macrophage differentiation and its inhibitory effect on melanoma cell proliferation. We confirmed that the killing effect of PAL on melanoma cells was selective. Using flow cytometry and PCR, we discovered that PAL can influence macrophage differentiation. Through in vitro cell coculture, we demonstrated that PAL-treated macrophages can significantly impede tumor cell development and progression, and the effect is more potent than that of PAL directly targeting tumor cells. Furthermore, we have proposed the hypothesis that PAL promotes the differentiation of macrophages into the M1 type through the ROS/JAK2/STAT1 pathway. To test the hypothesis, we employed catalase and fludarabine to block different sites of the pathway. The results were then validated through Western Blot, qPCR and ELISA. This study illustrates that PAL therapy is an effective tumor immunotherapy and expands the scope of tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, these findings establish a theoretical foundation for potential clinical applications of PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shiyun Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Miaomiao Ren
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yongshuang Qi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yiwen Mao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Chunjun Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Joint Laboratory for Plasma Clinical Applications, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Hill BD, Zak AJ, Raja S, Bugada LF, Rizvi SM, Roslan SB, Nguyen HN, Chen J, Jiang H, Ono A, Goldstein DR, Wen F. iGATE analysis improves the interpretability of single-cell immune landscape of influenza infection. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e172140. [PMID: 38814732 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza poses a persistent health burden worldwide. To design equitable vaccines effective across all demographics, it is essential to better understand how host factors such as genetic background and aging affect the single-cell immune landscape of influenza infection. Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) represents a promising technique in this pursuit, but interpreting its large, high-dimensional data remains difficult. We have developed a new analytical approach, in silico gating annotating training elucidating (iGATE), based on probabilistic support vector machine classification. By rapidly and accurately "gating" tens of millions of cells in silico into user-defined types, iGATE enabled us to track 25 canonical immune cell types in mouse lung over the course of influenza infection. Applying iGATE to study effects of host genetic background, we show that the lower survival of C57BL/6 mice compared with BALB/c was associated with a more rapid accumulation of inflammatory cell types and decreased IL-10 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the most prominent effect of aging is a defective T cell response, reducing survival of aged mice. Finally, iGATE reveals that the 25 canonical immune cell types exhibited differential influenza infection susceptibility and replication permissiveness in vivo, but neither property varied with host genotype or aging. The software is available at https://github.com/UmichWenLab/iGATE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judy Chen
- Program in Immunology
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Akira Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
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4
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Stavros S, Panagopoulos P, Machairiotis N, Potiris A, Mavrogianni D, Sfakianakis A, Drakaki E, Christodoulaki C, Panagiotopoulos D, Sioutis D, Karampitsakos T, Antonakopoulos N, Christopoulos P, Drakakis P. Association between cytokine polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss: A review of current evidence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38706379 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines are a type of protein that play an important role in the immune response and can also affect many physiological processes in the body. Cytokine polymorphisms refer to genetic variations or mutations that occur within the genes that code for cytokines, which may affect the level of cytokine production and function. Some cytokine polymorphisms have been associated with an increased risk of developing certain diseases, while others may be protective or have no significant effect on health. In recent years, the role of cytokine polymorphisms in the development of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has been studied. RPL or miscarriage is defined as the occurrence of two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before the 20th week of gestation. There are diverse causes leading to RPL, including genetic, anatomical, hormonal, and immunological factors. With regard to cytokine polymorphisms, a few of them have been found to be associated with an increased risk of RPL, for instance, variations in the genes that code for interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-10. The exact mechanisms by which cytokine polymorphisms affect the risk of recurrent miscarriage are still being studied, and further research is essential to fully understand this complex condition. This brief review aims to summarize the recent literature on the association between cytokine polymorphisms and RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Periklis Panagopoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Machairiotis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Potiris
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Mavrogianni
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eirini Drakaki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Christodoulaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chania General Hospital "St. George", Chania, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Panagiotopoulos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimos Sioutis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Karampitsakos
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Aretaieion, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Drakakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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5
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Song Y, Zhou F, Du F, Wang Z, Bai L, Yao Y, Liu L, Ma X, Chen S, Wu D, He X. Combined emapalumab and ruxolitinib in patients with haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:70. [PMID: 38658542 PMCID: PMC11043404 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Department of hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyun Bai
- Department of hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifang Yao
- Department of hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematonosis Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, Jiangsu, China
| | - Limin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China
| | - Suning Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China.
| | - Xuefeng He
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, China.
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Kouthouridis S, Sotra A, Khan Z, Alvarado J, Raha S, Zhang B. Modeling the Progression of Placental Transport from Early- to Late-Stage Pregnancy by Tuning Trophoblast Differentiation and Vascularization. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301428. [PMID: 37830445 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The early-stage placental barrier is characterized by a lack of fetal circulation and by a thick trophoblastic barrier, whereas the later-stage placenta consists of vascularized chorionic villi encased in a thin, differentiated trophoblast layer, ideal for nutrient transport. In this work, predictive models of early- and late-stage placental transport are created using blastocyst-derived placental stem cells (PSCs) by modulating PSC differentiation and model vascularization. PSC differentiation results in a thinner, fused trophoblast layer, as well as an increase in human chorionic gonadotropin secretion, barrier permeability, and secretion of certain inflammatory cytokines, which are consistent with in vivo findings. Further, gene expression confirms this shift toward a differentiated trophoblast subtype. Vascularization results in a molecule type- and size-dependent change in dextran and insulin permeability. These results demonstrate that trophoblast differentiation and vascularization have critical effects on placental barrier permeability and that this model can be used as a predictive measure to assess fetal toxicity of xenobiotic substances at different stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alexander Sotra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zaim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Justin Alvarado
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics and the Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
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Zhang Z, Zhu T, Zhang L, Xing Y, Yan Z, Li Q. Critical influence of cytokines and immune cells in autoimmune gastritis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2174531. [PMID: 36762543 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2174531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a type of the most common cancers. Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP) are the risk factors of triggering GC. With the emphasis on the treatment of HP, the incidence and prevalence of HP infection in population is decreasing. However, AIG lacks accurate diagnosis and treatment methods, which occupies high cancer risk factors. AIG is controlled by the immune environment of the stomach, including immune cells, inflammatory cells, and infiltrating intercellular material. Various immune cells or cytokines play a central role in the process of regulating gastric parietal cells. Abnormal expression levels of cytokines involved in immunity are bound to face the risk of tumorigenesis. Therefore, it is particularly important for preventing or treating AIG and avoiding the risk of gastric cancer to clarify the confirmed action mode of immune cells and cytokines in the gastric system. Herein, we briefly reviewed the role of the immune environment under AIG, focussing on describing these double-edged effects between immune cells and cytokines, and pointing out potential research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Zhang
- Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Mangoni AA, Zinellu A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of neopterin in rheumatic diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271383. [PMID: 37799718 PMCID: PMC10548830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Novel biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress might enhance the early recognition, management, and clinical outcomes of patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs). We assessed the available evidence regarding the pathophysiological role of neopterin, the oxidation product of 7,8-dihydroneopterin, a pteridine generated in macrophages activated by interferon-γ, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting its concentrations in biological fluids in RD patients and healthy controls. Methods We searched electronic databases for relevant articles published between inception and 31 August 2023. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group system, respectively. Results In 37 studies, when compared to healthy controls, RD patients had significantly higher concentrations of neopterin both in plasma or serum (standard mean difference, SMD=1.31, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.61; p<0.001; moderate certainty of evidence) and in the urine (SMD=1.65, 95% CI 0.86 to 2.43, p<0.001; I2 = 94.2%, p<0.001; low certainty of evidence). The results were stable in sensitivity analysis. There were non-significant associations in meta-regression and subgroup analysis between the effect size and age, male to female ratio, year of publication, sample size, RD duration, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, specific type of RD, presence of connective tissue disease, analytical method used, or biological matrix investigated (plasma vs. serum). By contrast, the effect size was significantly associated with the geographical area in studies assessing serum or plasma and with the type of RD in studies assessing urine. Discussion Pending additional studies that also focus on early forms of disease, our systematic review and meta-analysis supports the proposition that neopterin, a biomarker of inflammation and oxidative stress, can be useful for the identification of RDs. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023450209). Systematic review registration PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023450209.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Wang PM, Zhang ZW, Zhang S, Xing Q, Zhao ZY, Lin QH, Shen LH, Xia ZL, Li FF, Zhu B. Characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8019-8026. [PMID: 36944820 PMCID: PMC10374683 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used, a series of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported, including immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-pneumonitis). The incidence of ICI-pneumonitis is higher in reality than in clinical trials. The diagnosis is challenging, mainly based on clinical and imaging features, and requires the exclusion of other causes. The data on the biological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis are scarce, resulting in little knowledge of the best treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be helpful to identify the biological differences or find predictive biomarkers, and may in turn help to develop phenotype-specific targeted drugs to treat ICI-pneumonitis. Herein, we outline the characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for ICI-pneumonitis. Through careful sorting and literature review, we find crosstalk between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells (i.e., Th17.1) and pro-inflammatory monocytes, and activation of Th17(/Th1)/IL-17A (/IFN-γ) pathways may play a key role in the pathogenesis of ICI-pneumonitis. Disruption of the interaction between pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes (such as, anti-IL-23) may be a potential treatment for ICI-pneumonitis. We first describe the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of ICI-pneumonitis, hoping to contribute to the optimization of diagnosis and treatment, as well as provide readers with research inspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Mei Wang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Xing
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhao
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Lin
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li-Hua Shen
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Li Xia
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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10
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Patoine D, Bouchard K, Blais-Lecours P, Courtemanche O, Huppé CA, Marsolais D, Bissonnette EY, Lauzon-Joset JF. CD200Fc limits dendritic cell and B-cell activation during chronic allergen exposures. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:84-91. [PMID: 37032534 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by Th2, conventional dendritic cell, and B-cell activation. In addition to excessive inflammation, asthma pathogenesis includes dysregulation of anti-inflammatory pathways, such as the CD200/CD200R pathway. Thus, we investigated whether a CD200R agonist, CD200Fc, could disrupt the inflammatory cascade in chronic allergic asthma pathogenesis using a mice model of experimental asthma. Mice were exposed to house dust mites for 5 wk, and CD200Fc treatment was initiated after chronic inflammation was established (starting on week 4). We demonstrate that chronic house dust mite exposure altered CD200 and CD200R expression on lung immune cell populations, including upregulation of CD200 on alveolar macrophages and reduced expression of CD200 on conventional dendritic cells. CD200Fc treatment does not change bronchoalveolar cellular infiltration, but it attenuates B-cell activation and skews the circulating immunoglobulin profile toward IgG2a. This is accompanied by reduced activation of conventional dendritic cells, including lower expression of CD40, especially on conventional dendritic cell subset 2 CD200R+. Furthermore, we confirm that CD200Fc can directly modulate conventional dendritic cell activation in vitro using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Thus, the CD200/CD200R pathway is dysregulated during chronic asthma pathogenesis, and the CD200R agonist modulates B-cell and dendritic cell activation but, in our chronic model, is not sufficient to alter inflammation measured in bronchoalveolar lavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Patoine
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Karine Bouchard
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Pascale Blais-Lecours
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Olivier Courtemanche
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Carole-Ann Huppé
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - David Marsolais
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Elyse Y Bissonnette
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset
- Centre de Recherche, de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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11
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Pan Y, Yang W, Tang B, Wang X, Zhang Q, Li W, Li L. The protective and pathogenic role of Th17 cell plasticity and function in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192303. [PMID: 37457739 PMCID: PMC10339829 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
At the turn of the century, researchers discovered a unique subtype of T helper cells that secretes IL-17 and defined it as Th17. The latest study found that Th17 cells play both positive and negative definitive roles in the regulation of antitumor immune responses. Although the function of Th17 in the tumor microenvironment remains poorly understood, more and more studies have shown that this paradoxical dual role is closely related to the plasticity of Th17 cells in recent decades. Further understanding of the characteristics of Th17 cells in the tumor microenvironment could yield novel and useful therapeutic approaches to treat cancer. In this review, we further present the high plasticity of Th17 cells and the function of Th17-producing IL-17 in tumor immunity.
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12
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Szukala W, Pilarczyk-Zurek M, Folkert J, Kotlinowski J, Koziel J, Jura J. Depletion of Mcpip1 in murine myeloid cells results in intestinal dysbiosis followed by allergic inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166764. [PMID: 37257731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
MCPIP1 (called also Regnase-1) is a negative regulator of inflammation. Knockout of the Zc3h12a gene, encoding Mcpip1 in cells of myeloid origin (Mcpip1MKO), has a pathological effect on many organs. The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze pathological changes in the skin caused by Mcpip1 deficiency in phagocytes with an emphasis on its molecular mechanism associated with microbiome dysbiosis. Mcpip1MKO mice exhibited spontaneous wound formation on the skin. On a molecular level, the Th2-type immune response was predominantly characterized by an increase in Il5 and Il13 transcript levels, as well as eosinophil and mast cell infiltration. Irritation by DNFB led to a more severe skin contact allergy in Mcpip1MKO mice. Allergic reactions on the skin were strongly influenced by gut dysbiosis and enhanced systemic dissemination of bacteria. This process was followed by activation of the C/EBP pathway in peripheral macrophages, leading to local changes in the cytokine microenvironment that promoted the Th2 response. A reduced bacterial load inhibited allergic inflammation, indicating the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of skin diseases. Our results clearly show that MCPIP1 in phagocytes is an essential negative regulator that controls the gut-skin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Szukala
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of General Biochemistry, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pilarczyk-Zurek
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Folkert
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Kotlinowski
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of General Biochemistry, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Koziel
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Jura
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of General Biochemistry, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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13
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Dyer Z, Tscharke D, Sutton I, Massey J. From bedside to bench: how existing therapies inform the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1437. [PMID: 36844913 PMCID: PMC9947628 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) has advanced dramatically despite incomplete understanding of the cause of the condition. Current treatment involves inducing broad effects on immune cell populations with consequent off-target side effects, and no treatment can completely prevent disability progression. Further therapeutic advancement will require a better understanding of the pathobiology of MS. Interest in the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in multiple sclerosis has intensified based on strong epidemiological evidence of an association between EBV seroprevalence and MS. Hypotheses proposed to explain the biological relationship between EBV and MS include molecular mimicry, EBV immortalised autoreactive B cells and infection of glial cells by EBV. Examining the interaction between EBV and immunotherapies that have demonstrated efficacy in MS offers clues to the validity of these hypotheses. The efficacy of B cell depleting therapies could be consistent with a hypothesis that EBV-infected B cells drive MS; however, loss of T cell control of B cells does not exacerbate MS. A number of MS therapies invoke change in EBV-specific T cell populations, but pathogenic EBV-specific T cells with cross-reactivity to CNS antigen have not been identified. Immune reconstitution therapies induce EBV viraemia and expansion of EBV-specific T cell clones, but this does not correlate with relapse. Much remains unknown regarding the role of EBV in MS pathogenesis. We discuss future translational research that could fill important knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Dyer
- Blood Stem Cell and Cancer Research Group, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)DarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | - David Tscharke
- John Curtin School of Medical ResearchAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Ian Sutton
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)DarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Department of NeurologySt Vincent's ClinicDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | - Jennifer Massey
- Blood Stem Cell and Cancer Research Group, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South Wales (UNSW)DarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Department of NeurologySt Vincent's ClinicDarlinghurstNSWAustralia,Department of NeurologySt Vincent's HospitalDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
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14
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Li H, Zeng Y, Luo S, Li Z, Huang F, Liu Z. GPX4 aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting the functions of CD4 + T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 642:57-65. [PMID: 36565564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmunity disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that mostly happens in young adults. The chronic clinical features of MS include inflammatory demyelination, infiltration of immune cells, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, which have been proved to be associated with CD4+ T cells. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death mediated by the massive lipid peroxidation and more sensitive to CD4+ T cells. However, the effect of ferroptosis of CD4+ T cells on the occurrence and progression of MS retains unclear. Here, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model was used to investigate the role of GPX4, a leading inhibitor of ferroptosis, which plays in the function of CD4+ T cells. Our results showed that GPX4 was highly expressed in CD4+ T cells of MS patients based on existing databases. Strikingly, conditional knockout of GPX4 in CD4cre mice (cKO mice) significantly alleviated the average symptom scores and immunopathology of EAE. The infiltration of immune cells, including CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells, and the generation of GM-CSF, TNF-α, and IL-17A, were remarkably reduced in the CNS from cKO mice compared with WT mice. These findings further revealed the vital role of GPX4 in the expansion and function of CD4+ T cells. Moreover, GPX4-deficient CD4+ T cells were susceptible to ferroptosis in EAE model. Overall, this study provided novel insights into therapeutic strategies targeting GPX4 in CD4+ T cells for inhibiting CNS inflammation and treating MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Li
- Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yingying Zeng
- Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shunchang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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15
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Lewis JE, Reginald McDaniel H, Woolger JM, Khan SA. The Characterization of the Th1/Th2 Ratio in Moderate-Severe Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Its Response to an Aloe Polymannose-Based Dietary Supplement. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1723-1737. [PMID: 38007658 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading killer of Americans, imparting a tremendous societal toll. Relationships between immune function and inflammation with cognition are well-established in AD, but the Th1/Th2 ratio of immune function is unknown. Describing the Th1/Th2 ratio and its relationship with cognition may shed light on the disease's clinical context. How the Th1/Th2 ratio responds to dietary supplementation is another unknown question in this population. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to: 1) characterize the Th1/Th2 ratio according to IL-2/IL-10, IFN-γ/IL-10, IL-2/IL-4, IFN-γ/IL-4, IL-2/TNF-α, and IFN-γ/TNF-α in subjects with moderate-to-severe AD and in comparison to healthy adults; 2) investigate the effect of an aloe polymannose multinutrient complex (APMC) dietary supplement on the Th1/Th2 ratios over 12 months; and 3) compare the changes in the Th1/Th2 ratios with the changes in cognition from baseline to 12 months. METHODS Subjects consumed 2.5 g of the APMC four times per day for 12 months, and they were assessed on cognition and cytokines at baseline and 12 months. RESULTS The Th1/Th2 ratios in AD patients were significantly higher than the healthy controls, and five of the six ratios decreased from baseline to 12 months follow-up (other than IL-2/TNF-α). Several significant relationships were noted between the changes in Th1/Th2 ratios with cognitive assessments. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed an overall rebalancing of the Th1/Th2 ratio in response to APMC, these changes were related to improved cognition in subjects with moderate-to-severe AD, and the APMC supplement was safely tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Judi M Woolger
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sher Ali Khan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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16
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Sako MO, Larimer BM. Imaging of Activated T Cells. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:30-33. [PMID: 36460341 PMCID: PMC9841244 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune response plays a critical role in detecting, eliminating, and creating a memory toward foreign pathogens and malignant cells. Demonstration of the specific and effective target killing of T cells in cancer has reignited interest in the study and therapeutic manipulation of the interaction between tumor and immune system. To both improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse events, accurate monitoring of the activation of T cells is required. Several approaches to monitoring not just the presence, but importantly the activation, of T cells have been developed. Here, we review the recent advances in T-cell activation imaging and future directions for potential implementation into clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad O. Sako
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;,O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and,Graduate Biomedical Science Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Benjamin M. Larimer
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;,O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
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17
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Woodring T, Deepe GS, Levitz SM, Wuethrich M, Klein BS. They shall not grow mold: Soldiers of innate and adaptive immunity to fungi. Semin Immunol 2023; 65:101673. [PMID: 36459927 PMCID: PMC10311222 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are ubiquitous commensals, seasoned predators, and important agents of emerging infectious diseases [1 ]. The immune system assumes the essential responsibility for responding intelligently to the presence of known and novel fungi to maintain host health. In this Review, we describe the immune responses to pathogenic fungi and the varied array of fungal agents confronting the vertebrate host within the broader context of fungal and animal evolution. We provide an overview of the mechanistic details of innate and adaptive antifungal immune responses, as well as ways in which these basic mechanisms support the development of vaccines and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Woodring
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA
| | - George S Deepe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stuart M Levitz
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marcel Wuethrich
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA
| | - Bruce S Klein
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA; Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA; Departments of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI, USA.
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18
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Larid G, Delwail A, Dalle T, Vasseur P, Silvain C, Jégou JF, Morel F, Lecron JC, Gervais E. Ex vivo cytokine production in psoriatic disease: Towards specific signatures in cutaneous psoriasis and peripheral psoriatic arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993363. [PMID: 36426370 PMCID: PMC9678922 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and cutaneous psoriasis (PsO) are different phenotypes of psoriatic disease (PsD), whose underlying specific mechanisms remain incompletely understood. As cytokines are key elements to induce and tune up immune responses to drive inflammatory diseases, our objective was to assess whether clinical features, disease phenotype and PsA and PsO activity were associated with a particular ex vivo cytokine production profile. Methods Forty-eight patients (37 PsA and 11 PsO) and 11 healthy subjects (HS) were studied. Cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that were either unstimulated, or stimulated with LPS or anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies, were analysed by multiplex assay in the culture supernatants. Results Cytokine signature of PsD includes a high level of TNFα in supernatants of LPS-stimulated PBMC, higher levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A after CD3-CD28 stimulation, as well as higher spontaneous IL-1RA and TNFα production compared to HS. High body mass index (BMI) was associated with lower levels of IL-1β, and metabolic syndrome with lower levels of IFN-γ after LPS stimulation. In PsD, dermatological activity was related with higher IL-17A level, while rheumatic activity was linked with lower levels of IFN-γ and TNFα. Comparing each PsD subtype to HS, IL-1β and IL-6 productions are higher when using LPS stimulation in PsO patients with higher levels of IL-1β and IL-1α in peripheral PsA patients after CD3/CD28 stimulation. LPS stimulation induced high levels of IL-17A in peripheral PsA compared to axial PsA. PsA patients with axial PsA share some features with PsO but shows a distinct cytokine pattern compared to peripheral PsA. Conclusion PsO and the different PsA subtypes exhibit distinct ex vivo cytokine production profiles and common features of the so-called PsD. Analysis of IL-1 cytokine family and IL-6 seems to be of particular interest to distinguish PsO and peripheral PsA since it depends on monocytes in PsO and T-lymphocytes in peripheral PsA. Peripheral cytokine profiles are influenced by rheumatic and dermatological activity of the disease, and also by metabolic syndrome features. Our results highlight the crucial role of immune cell interactions with different patterns of interaction depending on clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Larid
- Rheumatology Department, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- University of Poitiers, LITEC, Poitiers, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Vasseur
- University of Poitiers, LITEC, Poitiers, France
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Christine Silvain
- University of Poitiers, LITEC, Poitiers, France
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Claude Lecron
- University of Poitiers, LITEC, Poitiers, France
- Immunology-Inflammation Laboratory, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Elisabeth Gervais
- Rheumatology Department, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- University of Poitiers, LITEC, Poitiers, France
- *Correspondence: Elisabeth Gervais,
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19
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Beliën J, Goris A, Matthys P. Natural Killer Cells in Multiple Sclerosis: Entering the Stage. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869447. [PMID: 35464427 PMCID: PMC9019710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies investigating the immunopathology of multiple sclerosis (MS) have largely focused on adaptive T and B lymphocytes. However, in recent years there has been an increased interest in the contribution of innate immune cells, amongst which the natural killer (NK) cells. Apart from their canonical role of controlling viral infections, cell stress and malignancies, NK cells are increasingly being recognized for their modulating effect on the adaptive immune system, both in health and autoimmune disease. From different lines of research there is now evidence that NK cells contribute to MS immunopathology. In this review, we provide an overview of studies that have investigated the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of MS by use of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model, MS genetics or through ex vivo and in vitro work into the immunology of MS patients. With the advent of modern hypothesis-free technologies such as single-cell transcriptomics, we are exposing an unexpected NK cell heterogeneity, increasingly blurring the boundaries between adaptive and innate immunity. We conclude that unravelling this heterogeneity, as well as the mechanistic link between innate and adaptive immune cell functions will lay the foundation for the use of NK cells as prognostic tools and therapeutic targets in MS and a myriad of other currently uncurable autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarne Beliën
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Goris
- Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Qian ZY, Kong RY, Zhang S, Wang BY, Chang J, Cao J, Wu CQ, Huang ZY, Duan A, Li HJ, Yang L, Cao XJ. Ruxolitinib attenuates secondary injury after traumatic spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2029-2035. [PMID: 35142693 PMCID: PMC8848590 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation post-traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) induces microglial activation, which leads to prolonged neurological dysfunction. However, the mechanism underlying microglial activation-induced neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Ruxolitinib (RUX), a selective inhibitor of JAK1/2, was recently reported to inhibit inflammatory storms caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the lung. However, its role in disrupting inflammation post-SCI has not been confirmed. In this study, microglia were treated with RUX for 24 hours and then activated with interferon-γ for 6 hours. The results showed that interferon-γ-induced phosphorylation of JAK and STAT in microglia was inhibited, and the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and cell proliferation marker Ki67 were reduced. In further in vivo experiments, a mouse model of spinal cord injury was treated intragastrically with RUX for 3 successive days, and the findings suggest that RUX can inhibit microglial proliferation by inhibiting the interferon-γ/JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, microglia treated with RUX centripetally migrated toward injured foci, remaining limited and compacted within the glial scar, which resulted in axon preservation and less demyelination. Moreover, the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were reduced. The neuromotor function of SCI mice also recovered. These findings suggest that RUX can inhibit neuroinflammation through inhibiting the interferon-γ/JAK/STAT pathway, thereby reducing secondary injury after SCI and producing neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yang Qian
- Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ren-Yi Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin-Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao-Qin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ao Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital); Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Affiliated 5 to Nantong University (Taizhou People's Hospital); Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Malengier-Devlies B, Metzemaekers M, Wouters C, Proost P, Matthys P. Neutrophil Homeostasis and Emergency Granulopoiesis: The Example of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:766620. [PMID: 34966386 PMCID: PMC8710701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are key pathogen exterminators of the innate immune system endowed with oxidative and non-oxidative defense mechanisms. More recently, a more complex role for neutrophils as decision shaping cells that instruct other leukocytes to fine-tune innate and adaptive immune responses has come into view. Under homeostatic conditions, neutrophils are short-lived cells that are continuously released from the bone marrow. Their development starts with undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells that pass through different immature subtypes to eventually become fully equipped, mature neutrophils capable of launching fast and robust immune responses. During severe (systemic) inflammation, there is an increased need for neutrophils. The hematopoietic system rapidly adapts to this increased demand by switching from steady-state blood cell production to emergency granulopoiesis. During emergency granulopoiesis, the de novo production of neutrophils by the bone marrow and at extramedullary sites is augmented, while additional mature neutrophils are rapidly released from the marginated pools. Although neutrophils are indispensable for host protection against microorganisms, excessive activation causes tissue damage in neutrophil-rich diseases. Therefore, tight regulation of neutrophil homeostasis is imperative. In this review, we discuss the kinetics of neutrophil ontogenesis in homeostatic conditions and during emergency myelopoiesis and provide an overview of the different molecular players involved in this regulation. We substantiate this review with the example of an autoinflammatory disease, i.e. systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Malengier-Devlies
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Metzemaekers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Markovics A, Rosenthal KS, Mikecz K, Carambula RE, Ciemielewski JC, Zimmerman DH. Restoring the Balance between Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: New Insights from Animal Models. Biomedicines 2021; 10:44. [PMID: 35052724 PMCID: PMC8772713 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune inflammatory diseases are examples of imbalances within the immune system (disrupted homeostasis) that arise from the effects of an accumulation of environmental and habitual insults over a lifetime, combined with genetic predispositions. This review compares current immunotherapies-(1) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and (2) Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (jakinibs)-to a newer approach-(3) therapeutic vaccines (using the LEAPS vaccine approach). The Ligand Epitope Antigen Presentation System (LEAPS) therapies are capable of inhibiting ongoing disease progression in animal models. Whereas DMARDs ablate or inhibit specific proinflammatory cytokines or cells and jakinibs inhibit the receptor activation cascade for expression of proinflammatory cytokines, the LEAPS therapeutic vaccines specifically modulate the ongoing antigen-specific, disease-driving, proinflammatory T memory cell responses. This decreases disease presentation and changes the cytokine conversation to decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-1(α or β), IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α) while increasing the expression of regulatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β). This review refocuses the purpose of therapy for RA towards rebalancing the immune system rather than compromising specific components to stop disease. This review is intended to be thought provoking and look forward towards new therapeutic modalities rather than present a final definitive report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Markovics
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Ken S. Rosenthal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, NE Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Katalin Mikecz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (A.M.); (K.M.)
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23
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Bodienkova GM, Boklazhenko EV. Comparative Assessment of Neurochemical Indices in Patients with Occupational Pathology Caused by Physical and Chemical Factors. NEUROCHEM J+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712421040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Tang M, Huang J, Zeng W, Huang Y, Lei Y, Qiu Y, Zhang J. Retrospective Analysis of 10 Cases of Disseminated Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease with Osteolytic Lesions. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4667-4679. [PMID: 34785914 PMCID: PMC8590513 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s337956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (DNTM) infection can involve multiple organs, including the lungs, skin and soft tissues and lymph nodes. However, NTM infection leading to osteolysis has been rarely reported. Here, we analyzed the clinical features, osteolytic mechanisms, treatment and prognosis of patients with DNTM disease with osteolytic lesions. Patients and Methods This retrospective study was conducted between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning City. Patients who had culture and/or histopathological proof of DNTM disease with osteolytic lesions were included. Results Ten HIV-negative patients with DNTM disease with osteolytic lesions were enrolled. Five of these patients had underlying diseases. Seven and three of the patients were positive and negative for anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs), respectively. The AIGA positivity rate was 70% (7/10). Ostealgia and anemia were the most common symptoms, followed by fever, emaciation, cough, expectoration, anorexia, subcutaneous abscesses and lymphadenopathy. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were increased. The most common sites were the vertebrae, sternum, clavicle and ribs, although the femur, ilium, humerus, and scapula were also involved. Radiography and computed tomography (CT) showed moth-eaten or irregular destruction of bone, bone defects, pathological fracture, periosteal proliferation and surrounding abscesses. Emission CT (ECT) bone scans showed significantly increased uptake in many skeletal regions. Positron emission tomography(PET)/CT showed metabolic activity in multiple bones. All patients received anti-nontuberculous therapy, and five underwent surgery. Two died during treatment. Conclusion DNTM infection of bone and leading to osteolysis usually occurs in patients with AIGA-positive antibodies. DNTM disease with osteolysis is characterized by increased leukocytes and neutrophil counts, focal suppurative granulomas, and multiple areas with moth-eaten or irregular destruction of bone with increased radioactive concentrations. Early diagnosis and timely, effective combination anti-NTM therapy can improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Tuberculosis Ward, Nanning Fourth People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoqiang Lei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yongning District People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, People's Republic of China
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25
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Raymond WD, Hamdorf M, Furfaro M, Eilertsen GO, Nossent JC. Smoking associates with increased BAFF and decreased interferon-γ levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 8:8/1/e000537. [PMID: 34725185 PMCID: PMC8562512 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2021-000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective In SLE, smoking increases the burden of cutaneous disease and organ damage, and leads to premature mortality. However, the effect of smoking on disease manifestations and cytokine levels of patients with SLE is unclear. This study compared characteristics of patients with SLE across smoking status, and determined the association of smoking with serum cytokine levels. Method A cross-sectional study of patients with SLE (n=99) during a research visit in which smoking status was ascertained. Smoking status was compared across classification criteria (American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for SLE (ACR97)), disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index), autoantibody levels, accrued damage (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index), and circulating concentrations of serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, B cell-activating factor (BAFF), tumour necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), MIP-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1. Linear regression models determined the association between smoking and cytokine levels, adjusting for age and sex, clinical characteristics (model 1), and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF- β1) and regulatory (IL-1β) cytokines (model 2). Results Among patients with SLE (97.9% ANA+; mean 48.48 years old; 86.9% female; mean 10 years of disease duration), 35.4% (n=35 of 99) were smoking (an average of 7 cigarettes/day for 24 years). Smokers had increased odds of prevalent ACR97 malar rash (OR 3.40, 95% CI 1.23 to 9.34) and mucosal ulcers (OR 3.31, 95% CI 1.36 to 8.05). Smokers had more arthritis (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.19 to 8.60), migraine (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.07 to 7.44), Raynaud’s phenomenon (OR 5.15, 95% CI 1.95 to 13.56) and increased non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.99 to 23.72). Smoking associated with 27% increased BAFF levels (95% CI 6% to 48%) and 42% decreased IFN-γ levels (95% CI −79% to −5%) in model 2. Conclusion In patients with SLE, smoking independently associated with increased BAFF and decreased IFN-γ levels, and an increased frequency of arthritis, migraine and Raynaud’s phenomenon. Smoking cessation is advisable to reduce systemic inflammation, reduce disease activity and improve host defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren David Raymond
- Rheumatology Section, Medical School, University of Western Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Hamdorf
- Rheumatology Section, Medical School, University of Western Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Furfaro
- Rheumatology Section, Medical School, University of Western Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Johannes Cornelis Nossent
- Rheumatology Section, Medical School, University of Western Australia Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
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26
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Guerra-Gomes IC, Gois BM, Peixoto RF, Palmeira PHDS, Dias CNDS, Csordas BG, Araújo JMG, Veras RC, de Medeiros IA, de Azevedo FDLAA, Boyton RJ, Altmann DM, Keesen TSL. Phenotypical characterization of regulatory T cells in acute Zika infection. Cytokine 2021; 146:155651. [PMID: 34325119 PMCID: PMC8405058 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), alongside Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) are prevalent arboviruses in the Americas. Each of these infections is associated with the development of associated disease immunopathology. Immunopathological processes are an outcome of counter-balancing impacts between effector and regulatory immune mechanisms. In this context, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key in modulating the immune response and, therefore, in tissue damage control. However, to date, Treg phenotypes and mechanisms during acute infection of the ZIKV in humans have not been fully investigated. The main aim of this work was to characterize Tregs and their immunological profile related to cytokine production and molecules that are capable of controlling the exacerbated inflammatory profile in acute Zika infected patients. Using whole blood analyses of infected patients, an ex vivo phenotypical characterization of Tregs, circulating during acute Zika virus infection, was conducted by flow cytometry. We found that though there are no differences in absolute Treg frequency between infected and healthy control groups. However, pro-inflammatory cytokine up-regulation such as IFN-γ and LAP was observed in the acute disease. Furthermore, acute ZIKV patients expressed increased levels of CD39/CD73, perforin/granzyme B, PD-1, and CTLA-4, all markers involved in mechanisms used by Tregs to attempt to control strong inflammatory responses. Thus, the data indicates a potential contribution of Tregs during the inflammatory ZIKV infection response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cristina Guerra-Gomes
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Macêdo Gois
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Rephany Fonseca Peixoto
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique de Sousa Palmeira
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Cínthia Nóbrega de Sousa Dias
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Guimarães Csordas
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Josélio Maria Galvão Araújo
- Molecular Biology of Cancer and Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Post-Graduation Program on Parasite Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte 58078-970, Brazil
| | - Robson Cavalcante Veras
- Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Isac Almeida de Medeiros
- Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | - Rosemary Jane Boyton
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Martin Altmann
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Souza Lima Keesen
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil.
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27
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Duan RN, Yang CL, Du T, Liu A, Wang AR, Sun WJ, Li X, Li JX, Yan CZ, Liu QJ. Smek1 deficiency exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by activating proinflammatory microglia and suppressing the IDO1-AhR pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:145. [PMID: 34183017 PMCID: PMC8237434 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal disease model of multiple sclerosis (MS) that involves the immune system and central nervous system (CNS). However, it is unclear how genetic predispositions promote neuroinflammation in MS and EAE. Here, we investigated how partial loss-of-function of suppressor of MEK1 (SMEK1), a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 4, facilitates the onset of MS and EAE. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG35-55) to establish the EAE model. Clinical signs were recorded and pathogenesis was investigated after immunization. CNS tissues were analyzed by immunostaining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Single-cell analysis was carried out in the cortices and hippocampus. Splenic and lymph node cells were evaluated with flow cytometry, qPCR, and western blot analysis. RESULTS Here, we showed that partial Smek1 deficiency caused more severe symptoms in the EAE model than in controls by activating myeloid cells and that Smek1 was required for maintaining immunosuppressive function by modulating the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1)-aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. Single-cell sequencing and an in vitro study showed that Smek1-deficient microglia and macrophages were preactivated at steady state. After MOG35-55 immunization, microglia and macrophages underwent hyperactivation and produced increased IL-1β in Smek1-/+ mice at the peak stage. Moreover, dysfunction of the IDO1-AhR pathway resulted from the reduction of interferon γ (IFN-γ), enhanced antigen presentation ability, and inhibition of anti-inflammatory processes in Smek1-/+ EAE mice. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests a protective role of Smek1 in autoimmune demyelination pathogenesis via immune suppression and inflammation regulation in both the immune system and the central nervous system. Our findings provide an instructive basis for the roles of Smek1 in EAE and broaden the understanding of the genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelination.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Central Nervous System/immunology
- Central Nervous System/pathology
- Central Nervous System/physiopathology
- Cytokines
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microglia/immunology
- Microglia/metabolism
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/immunology
- Myeloid Cells/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/immunology
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Spleen/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Nan Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Xia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Zhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Ji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No.44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Malhotra H, Garg V, Singh G. Biomarker Approach Towards Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2021; 17:162-175. [PMID: 33327920 DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666201216164013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disorder, recognized by cartilage as well as bone destruction, which causes irreversible joint deformities, which further results in functional limitations in the patient. Genes like HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 are likely implicated in the genetic predisposition of rheumatoid arthritis pathology. The first and foremost clinical manifestation in a person with rheumatoid arthritis is joint destruction followed by cartilage and bone destruction caused by cell-cell interactions. The cell-cell interactions are thought to be initialized through the contact of antigen-presenting cells (APC) with CD4+ cells, leading to the progression of the disease. APC includes a complex of class ІІ major histocompatibility complex molecules along with peptide antigens and binds to the receptors present on the surface of T-cells. Further, the activation of macrophages is followed by the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α, which lead to the secretion of enzymes that degrade proteoglycan and collagen, which in turn, increase tissue degradation. Biomarkers like IL-6, IL-12, IL-8 and IL-18, 14-3-3η, RANKL, IFN-γ, IFN-β and TGF-β have been designated as key biomarkers in disease development and progression. The study of these biomarkers is very important as they act as a molecular indicator of pathological processes that aggravate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Malhotra
- Chandigarh College of Pharmacy Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Govind Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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29
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Haque M, Siegel RJ, Fox DA, Ahmed S. Interferon-stimulated GTPases in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: promising role for the guanylate-binding protein (GBP) family. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:494-506. [PMID: 33159795 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human IFNs are secreted cytokines shown to stimulate the expression of over one thousand genes. These IFN-inducible genes primarily encode four major protein families, known as IFN-stimulated GTPases (ISGs), namely myxovirus-resistance proteins, guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), p47 immunity-related GTPases and very large inducible guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases). These families respond specifically to type I or II IFNs and are well reported in coordinating immunity against some well known as well as newly discovered viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. A growing body of evidence highlights the potential contributory and regulatory roles of ISGs in dysregulated inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Our focus was to draw attention to studies that demonstrate increased expression of ISGs in the serum and affected tissues of patients with RA, SS, lupus, IBD and psoriasis. In this review, we analysed emerging literature describing the potential roles of ISGs, particularly the GBP family, in the context of autoimmunity. We also highlighted the promise and implications for therapeutically targeting IFNs and GBPs in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamudul Haque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Ruby J Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - David A Fox
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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30
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Bhaskar S, Visweswar Kambhampati NS, Ganesh KM, P MS, Srinivasan V, Ramamurthy SS. Metal-Free, Graphene Oxide-Based Tunable Soliton and Plasmon Engineering for Biosensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17046-17061. [PMID: 33788532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The quest for auxiliary plasmonic materials with lossless properties began in the past decade. In the current study, a unique plasmonic response is demonstrated from a stratified high refractive index (HRI)-graphene oxide (GO) and low refractive index (LRI)-polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) multistack. Graphene oxide plasmon-coupled emission (GraPE) reveals the existence of strong surface states on the terminating layer of the photonic crystal (PC) framework. The chemical defects in GO thin film are conducive for unraveling plasmon hybridization within and across the multistack. We have achieved a unique assortment of metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) ensuing a zero-normal steering emission on account of solitons as well as directional GraPE. This has been theoretically established and experimentally demonstrated with a metal-free design. The angle-dependent reflectivity plots, electric field energy (EFI) profiles, and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis from the simulations strongly support plasmonic modes with giant Purcell factors (PFs). The architecture presented prospects for the replacement of metal-dependent MDM and surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) technology with low cost, easy to fabricate, tunable soliton [graphene oxide plasmon-coupled soliton emission (GraSE)], and plasmon [GraPE] engineering for diverse biosensing applications. The superiority of the GraPE platform for achieving 1.95 pg mL-1 limit of detection of human IFN-γ is validated experimentally. A variety of nanoparticles encompassing metals, intermetallics, rare-earth, and low-dimensional carbon-plasmonic hybrids were used to comprehend PF and cavity hot-spot contribution resulting in 900-fold fluorescence emission enhancements on a lossless substrate, thereby opening the door to unique light-matter interactions for next-gen plasmonic and biomedical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemesh Bhaskar
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - Naga Sai Visweswar Kambhampati
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - K M Ganesh
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - Mahesh Sharma P
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - Venkatesh Srinivasan
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
| | - Sai Sathish Ramamurthy
- STAR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Puttaparthi, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515134, India
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Sharma V, Pope BJ, Santiago NV, Boland MT, Sun D, Reynolds RJ, Szalai AJ, Bridges SL, Raman C. Decreased Levels of STAT1 and Interferon-γ-Induced STAT1 Phosphorylation in Rheumatoid Arthritis CD4 and CD8 T Cells. ACR Open Rheumatol 2021; 3:277-283. [PMID: 33779079 PMCID: PMC8063148 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated whether a previously reported association of IFNGR expression with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its radiographic severity reflects differences in proximal interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) signaling in T cells from patients with RA compared with healthy controls (HC). Methods Using phosphoflow cytometry, we compared IFN‐γ–stimulated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation in CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell populations from patients with RA and HC. Results Compared with controls, patients with RA had a higher proportion of CD4+ T cells, associated with expansion of the CD4+ effector memory subset. Several CD4+ T‐cell types exhibited reduced IFN‐γ–induced phosphoSTAT1Y701 (pSTAT1Y701) in patients with RA compared with HC. Engaging the T‐cell receptor (TCR) complex on CD4+ T cells during IFN‐γ stimulation abrogated the reduction in STAT1 activation in patients with RA but had no effect in HC. The phosphorylation of STAT1S727 was similar in CD4+ T cells from patients with RA and HC. In contrast to CD4+ T cells, IFN‐γ–induced pSTAT1Y701 levels in CD8+ T cells were equivalent or higher in patients with RA compared with HC. Total STAT1 levels (phosphorylated + unphosphorylated) were lower in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from patients with RA compared with HC. Conclusion We report diminished IFN‐γ–induced pSTAT1Y701 levels in CD4+ T cells in patients with RA, which were restored by TCR engagement. There were lower levels of total STAT1 in patients with RA compared with HC, but this likely does not explain diminished IFN‐γ–induced pSTAT1Y701 levels in CD4+ T cells because activation in CD8+ T cells was higher or equivalent to that seen in HC. The enhanced IFNGR expression in patients with RA reported previously may reflect a compensatory mechanism to overcome deficiency in IFN‐γ responsiveness.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW TCRαβ+CD4-CD8- double-negative T (DNT) cells, a principal subset of mature T lymphocytes, have been closely linked with autoimmune/inflammatory conditions. However, controversy persists regarding their ontogeny and function. Here, we present an overview on DNT cells in different autoimmune diseases to advance a deeper understanding of the contribution of this population to disease pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS DNT cells have been characterized in various chronic inflammatory diseases and they have been proposed to display pathogenic or regulatory function. The tissue location of DNT cells and the effector cytokines they produce bespeak to their active involvement in chronic inflammatory diseases. SUMMARY By producing various cytokines, expanded DNT cells in inflamed tissues contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, it is unclear whether this population represents a stable lineage consisting of different subsets similar to CD4+ T helper cell subset. Better understanding of the possible heterogeneity and plasticity of DNT cells is needed to reveal interventional therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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He S, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li X, Cao X, Ye Y, Li J, Sun H. Effects of Low-pH Treatment on the Allergenicity Reduction of Black Turtle Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Lectin and Its Mechanism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1379-1390. [PMID: 33464885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A high content of potentially allergenic lectin in Phaseolus vulgaris L. beans is of increasing health concerns; however, understanding of the protein allergenicity mechanism on the molecular basis is scarce. In the present study, low-pH treatments were applied to modify black turtle bean lectin allergen, and a sensitization procedure was performed using the BALB/c mice for the allergenicity evaluation, while the conformational changes were monitored by the spectral analyses and the details were explored by the molecular dynamics simulation. Much milder anaphylactic responses were observed in BALB/c mice experiments. At the molecular level, the protein was unfolded in low acidic environments because of protonation, and α-helix was reduced with the exposure of trypsin cleavage sites, especially the improvement of protease accessibility for Lys121, 134, and 157 in the B cell epitope structural alterations. These results indicate that a low-pH treatment might be an efficient method to improve the safety of legume protein consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 255003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec H9X 3 V9, Canada
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xingjiang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yongkang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230009, Anhui PR China
| | - Hanju Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, PR China
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Amoani B, Sakyi SA, Mantey R, Laing EF, Ephraim RD, Sarfo-Katanka O, Koffie S, Obese E, Afranie BO. Increased metformin dosage suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in systemic circulation and might contribute to its beneficial effects. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2021; 42:252-264. [PMID: 33444083 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1862861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder, characterized by persistent elevation of blood glucose either due to insulin resistance or insulin insufficiency. Metformin is the recommended first choice of drug for the management of T2DM and is known to improve insulin sensitivity and prevents hyperglycemia by reducing chronic inflammation. T-helper type 1 (Th1) and type 17 (Th17) cells, are important pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets secreting TNF-α, and INF-γ (Th1), and interleukin 17 (Th17). These cytokines have been shown to play a crucial role in inflammation, insulin resistance, and the development of T2DM. Here, we explore the effect of different metformin dosages on pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, INF-γ, GM-CSF and IL-17) levels in systemic circulation among T2DM patients in Ghana, since inflammatory responses and cytokines play significant roles in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM patients on metformin. Two hundred and nine (209) consenting T2DM patients receiving treatment at the Diabetic unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in the Ashanti region of Ghana were recruited in a hospital-based cross-sectional study design. Blood samples were collected and serum obtained from each participant were analyzed for the concentrations of TNF-α, INF-γ, GM-CSF and IL-17 cytokine levels by solid-phase sandwich ELISA. We observed that participants on 3000 mg/day dose of metformin had significantly lower levels of TNF-α (p < .001) and IFN-γ (p = .014) compared to those on other dosages (1000 mg and 2000 mg/day). However, GM-CSF and IL-17 levels were not affected by increased metformin dosages. After adjusting for age, gender, dose and duration of metformin use, we observed that participants who took higher doses of metformin had significantly reduced levels of TNF-α (β = -0.0297, 95% CI = (-0.005 to -0.002) p < .001. Metformin dosage independently predicted reduced TNF-α levels with 14.4% variations in the metformin dosage levels. Increased metformin dosage suppresses TNF-α levels in systemic circulation and hence might contribute to its beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Amoani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Samuel A Sakyi
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Richard Mantey
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Edwin F Laing
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Richard D Ephraim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Osei Sarfo-Katanka
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Clinic, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Simon Koffie
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ernest Obese
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Bright Oppong Afranie
- Department of Molecular Medicine. School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Williams JL, Manivasagam S, Smith BC, Sim J, Vollmer LL, Daniels BP, Russell JH, Klein RS. Astrocyte-T cell crosstalk regulates region-specific neuroinflammation. Glia 2020; 68:1361-1374. [PMID: 31961459 PMCID: PMC7317491 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), symptoms, and outcomes are determined by the location of inflammatory lesions. While we and others have shown that T cell cytokines differentially regulate leukocyte entry into perivascular spaces and regional parenchymal localization in murine models of MS, the molecular mechanisms of this latter process are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes exhibit region-specific responses to T cell cytokines that promote hindbrain versus spinal cord neuroinflammation. Analysis of cytokine receptor expression in human astrocytes showed region-specific responsiveness to Th1 and Th17 inflammatory cytokines. Consistent with this, human and murine astrocytes treated with these cytokines exhibit differential expression of the T cell localizing molecules VCAM-1 and CXCR7 that is both cytokine and CNS region-specific. Using in vivo models of spinal cord versus brain stem trafficking of myelin-specific T cells and astrocyte-specific deletion strategies, we confirmed that Th1 and Th17 cytokines differentially regulate astrocyte expression of VCAM-1 and CXCR7 in these locations. Finally, stereotaxic injection of individual cytokines into the hindbrain or spinal cord revealed region- and cytokine-specific modulation of localizing cue expression by astrocytes. These findings identify a role for inflammatory cytokines in mediating local astrocyte-dependent mechanisms of immune cell trafficking within the CNS during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Williams
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOhio
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Sindhu Manivasagam
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Brandon C. Smith
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research InstituteCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOhio
| | - Julia Sim
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Lauren L. Vollmer
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Brian P. Daniels
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - John H. Russell
- Department of Developmental BiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Robyn S. Klein
- Department of MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouri
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Comparative transcriptomic profiling in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis: Implication of MHC class II and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Life Sci 2020; 256:118026. [PMID: 32615187 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to determine the biological processes and pathways involved in cervical carcinogenesis associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total RNA was extracted from three formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples each of normal cervix, HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade SIL (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Transcriptomic profiling by microarrays was conducted followed by downstream Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. RESULTS We examined the difference in GOs enriched for each transition stage from normal cervix to LSIL, HSIL, and SCC, and found 307 genes to be differentially expressed. In the transition from normal cervix to LSIL, the extracellular matrix (ECM) genes were significantly downregulated. The MHC class II genes were significantly upregulated in the LSIL to HSIL transition. In the final transition from HSIL to SCC, the immunoglobulin heavy locus genes were significantly upregulated and the ECM pathway was implicated. CONCLUSION Deregulation of the immune-related genes including MHC II and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes were involved in the transitions from LSIL to HSIL and SCC, suggesting immune escape from host anti-tumour response. The extracellular matrix plays an important role during the early and late stages of cervical carcinogenesis.
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Smith BC, Sinyuk M, Jenkins JE, Psenicka MW, Williams JL. The impact of regional astrocyte interferon-γ signaling during chronic autoimmunity: a novel role for the immunoproteasome. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:184. [PMID: 32532298 PMCID: PMC7291495 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In early autoimmune neuroinflammation, interferon (IFN)γ and its upregulation of the immunoproteasome (iP) is pathologic. However, during chronic multiple sclerosis (MS), IFNγ has protective properties. Although dysregulation of the iP has been implicated in neurodegeneration, its function remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that IFNγ signaling in regional astrocytes induces the iP and promotes protection of the CNS during chronic autoimmunity. Methods In a multiple sclerosis (MS) brain, we evaluated mRNA expression and labeled postmortem MS brainstem and spinal cord for iP subunits and indicators of oxidative stress. Primary regional human astrocytes were analyzed for iP regulation and function by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, OxyBlot, and reactive oxygen species and caspase activity detection assays. Following immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55, the role of IFNγ signaling and the iP during chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) were assessed using pharmacologic inhibition of the iP and genetic interruption of IFNγ signaling specifically in astrocytes. Central nervous system (CNS) tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence, and cell-specific colocalization was quantified. Results In MS tissue, iP expression was enhanced in the spinal cord compared to brainstem lesions, which correlated with a decrease in oxidative stress. In vitro, IFNγ stimulation enhanced iP expression, reduced reactive oxygen species burden, and decreased oxidatively damaged and poly-ubiquitinated protein accumulation preferentially in human spinal cord astrocytes, which was abrogated with the use of the iP inhibitor, ONX 0914. During the chronic phase of an MS animal model, EAE, ONX 0914 treatment exacerbated the disease and led to increased oxidative stress and poly-ubiquitinated protein buildup. Finally, mice with astrocyte-specific loss of the IFNγ receptor exhibited worsened chronic EAE associated with reduced iP expression, enhanced lesion size and oxidative stress, and poly-ubiquitinated protein accumulation in astrocytes. Conclusions Taken together, our data reveal a protective role for IFNγ in chronic neuroinflammation and identify a novel function of the iP in astrocytes during CNS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C Smith
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maksim Sinyuk
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Julius E Jenkins
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Morgan W Psenicka
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jessica L Williams
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
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Zhou Q, Tao X, Xia S, Guo F, Pan C, Xiang H, Shang D. T Lymphocytes: A Promising Immunotherapeutic Target for Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer? Front Oncol 2020; 10:382. [PMID: 32266154 PMCID: PMC7105736 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic disorders cause a broad spectrum of clinical diseases, mainly including acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, and are associated with high global rates of morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of pancreatic disease remains obscure, and there is a lack of specific treatments. T lymphocytes (T cells) play a vital role in the adaptive immune systems of multicellular organisms. During pancreatic disease development, local imbalances in T-cell subsets in inflammatory and tumor environments and the circulation have been observed. Furthermore, agents targeting T cells have been shown to reverse the natural course of pancreatic diseases. In this review, we have discussed the clinical relevance of T-cell alterations as a potential outcome predictor and the underlying mechanisms, as well as the present status of immunotherapy targeting T cells in pancreatitis and neoplasms. The breakthrough findings summarized in this review have important implications for innovative drug development and the prospective use of immunotherapy for pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shilin Xia
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fangyue Guo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Xiang
| | - Dong Shang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic-Biliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Dong Shang
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Vandenhaute J, Avau A, Filtjens J, Malengier-Devlies B, Imbrechts M, Van den Berghe N, Ahmadzadeh K, Mitera T, Boon L, Leclercq G, Wouters C, Matthys P. Regulatory Role for NK Cells in a Mouse Model of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3339-3348. [PMID: 31676671 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mice deficient in IFN-γ (IFN-γ knockout [KO] mice) develop a systemic inflammatory syndrome in response to CFA, in contrast to CFA-challenged wild-type (WT) mice who only develop a mild inflammation. Symptoms in CFA-challenged IFN-γ KO resemble systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), a childhood immune disorder of unknown cause. Dysregulation of innate immune cells is considered to be important in the disease pathogenesis. In this study, we used this murine model to investigate the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of sJIA. NK cells of CFA-challenged IFN-γ KO mice displayed an aberrant balance of activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors, lower expression of cytotoxic proteins, and a defective NK cell cytotoxicity. Depletion of NK cells (via anti-IL-2Rβ and anti-Asialo-GM1 Abs) or blockade of the NK cell activating receptor NKG2D in CFA-challenged WT mice resulted in increased severity of systemic inflammation and appearance of sJIA-like symptoms. NK cells of CFA-challenged IFN-γ KO mice and from anti-NKG2D-treated mice showed defective degranulation capacities toward autologous activated immune cells, predominantly monocytes. This is in line with the increased numbers of activated inflammatory monocytes in these mice which was particularly reflected in the expression of CCR2, a chemokine receptor, and in the expression of Rae-1, a ligand for NKG2D. In conclusion, NK cells are defective in a mouse model of sJIA and impede disease development in CFA-challenged WT mice. Our findings point toward a regulatory role for NK cells in CFA-induced systemic inflammation via a NKG2D-dependent control of activated immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vandenhaute
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Avau
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jessica Filtjens
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Malengier-Devlies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maya Imbrechts
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Van den Berghe
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kourosh Ahmadzadeh
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tania Mitera
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Georges Leclercq
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; and
| | - Carine Wouters
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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Qiu Y, Zhang J, Li B, Shu H. Bacillus cereus isolated from a positive bone tissue culture in a patient with osteolysis and high-titer anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17609. [PMID: 31651871 PMCID: PMC6824800 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Bacillus cereus (B cereus) is an aerobic or facultative anaerobic gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. It can cause fatal disease and generally manifests as 3 distinct syndromes: food intoxication, localized infection, and systemic infection. It is a rare infection that can occur in immunocompetent persons with osteolytic and high-titer anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. PATIENT CONCERNS We reported a case of an HIV-negative 24-year old man with an interrupted fever and a 20-day history of progressive ache in the right thigh and high-titer anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. Magnetic resonance imaging, X-radiography, high-resolution computed tomography, and 3-dimensional reconstruction of the bone showed multiple lucent defects with moth-eaten destruction of the bone and cortical substance of bone in the right femur. Emission CT showed significantly increased uptake in the femur. DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTIONS The patient was originally misdiagnosed with osteosarcoma; acute osteomyelitis was also considered. He received intravenous piperacillin, sulbactam, and levofloxacin during hospitalization; however, he did not respond to the 3-week antibiotic course and his condition worsened. After cultures from incisional biopsy specimens were obtained from the femoral cavity, B cereus-induced osteomyelitis was diagnosed. He received intravenous injections of moxifloxacin 400 mg qd for 4 weeks and oral moxifloxacin 400 mg qd for 8 weeks. OUTCOMES The patient's symptoms and signs improved. His X-radiography, HRCT, MRI, and 3-dimensional reconstruction of the bone showed absolute absorption in the right femur. However, the anti-IFN-γ autoantibody titer was still high. No recurrence was observed after 24 months of follow-up. He is still undergoing follow-up at this time. LESSONS This is the first case involving a patient with B cereus infection showing a high titer of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. B cereus infection can involve the bone, leading to osteolysis in HIV-negative individuals. Although this patient was HIV-negative and had no other comorbidities, the presence of high titer anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies may be the primary reason for B cereus infection. Clinicians should pay more attention to the identification of osteolytic destruction caused by tumor and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Qiu
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,
| | - Bixun Li
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,
| | - Hong Shu
- Microbiology Laboratory, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Qiu Y, Zeng W, Zhang H, Zhong X, Tang S, Zhang J. Comparison of pleural effusion features and biomarkers between talaromycosis and tuberculosis in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:745. [PMID: 31455239 PMCID: PMC6712812 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the similar clinical, lung imaging, and pathological characteristics, talaromycosis is most commonly misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of talaromycosis pleural effusion (TMPE) and to distinguish TMPE from tuberculosis pleural effusion (TPE). METHODS We enrolled 19 cases each of TMPE and TPE from Guangxi, China. Patients' clinical records, pleural effusion tests, biomarker test results, and receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 39.8% (65/163) of patients exhibited serous effusion, of whom 61 were non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; 68.85% of the non-HIV-infected patients (42/61) had TMPE. Thoracentesis was performed only in 19 patients, all of whom were misdiagnosed with tuberculosis and received long-term anti-tuberculosis treatment. In four of these patients, interleukin (IL)-23, IL-27, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) measurements were not performed since pleural effusion samples could not be collected because the effusion had been drained prior to the study. In the remaining 15 patients, pleural effusion samples were collected. Talaromyces marneffei was isolated from the pleural effusion and pleural nodules. Most TMPEs were characterized by yellowish fluid, with marked elevation of protein content and nucleated cell counts. However, neutrophils were predominantly found in TMPEs, and lymphocytes were predominantly found in TPEs (both p < 0.05). Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and IFN-γ levels in TMPEs were significantly lower than those in TPEs (all p < 0.05) and provided similar accuracies for distinguishing TMPEs from TPEs. IL-23 concentration in TMPEs was significantly higher than that in TPEs (p < 0.05), and it provided similar accuracy for diagnosing TMPEs. IL-27 concentrations in TMPEs were significantly lower than those in TPEs (all p < 0.05) but was not useful for distinguishing TMPE from TPE. CONCLUSIONS Talaromycosis can infringe on the pleural cavity via the translocation of T. marneffei into the pleural space. Nonetheless, this phenomenon is still commonly neglected by clinicians. TMPE is a yellowish fluid with exudative PEs and predominant neutrophils. Higher neutrophil counts and IL-23 may suggest talaromycosis. Higher lymphocyte counts, ADA activity, and IFN-γ concentration may suggest tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Xiaoning Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Shudan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
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Bomfim GF, Cau SBA, Bruno AS, Fedoce AG, Carneiro FS. Hypertension: a new treatment for an old disease? Targeting the immune system. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2028-2048. [PMID: 29969833 PMCID: PMC6534786 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension represents a serious public health problem, being a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The availability of many antihypertensive therapeutic strategies still fails to adequately treat around 20% of hypertensive patients, who are considered resistant to conventional treatment. In the pathogenesis of hypertension, immune system mechanisms are activated and both the innate and adaptive immune responses play a crucial role. However, what, when and how the immune system is triggered during hypertension development is still largely undefined. In this context, this review highlights scientific advances in the manipulation of the immune system in order to attenuate hypertension and end-organ damage. Here, we discuss the potential use of immunosuppressants and immunomodulators as pharmacological tools to control the activation of the immune system, by non-specific and specific mechanisms, to treat hypertension and improve end-organ damage. Nevertheless, more clinical trials should be performed with these drugs to establish their therapeutic efficacy, safety and risk-benefit ratio in hypertensive conditions. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Immune Targets in Hypertension. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefany Bruno Assis Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological ScienceFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Alexandre Santos Bruno
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological ScienceFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil
| | - Aline Garcia Fedoce
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Fernando S Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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Eldredge LC, Creasy RS, Tanaka S, Lai JF, Ziegler SF. Imbalance of Ly-6C hi and Ly-6C lo Monocytes/Macrophages Worsens Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury and Is Rescued by IFN-γ. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2772-2781. [PMID: 30944158 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation in response to oxygen exposure is a major contributing factor in neonatal lung injury leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Although increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines are seen in airway samples and blood from bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients, the innate immune responses in this common neonatal lung condition have not been well characterized. We previously reported that depletion of murine CD11b-expressing mononuclear phagocytes at birth led to severe acute hyperoxia-induced lung injury (HILI) and significant mortality. In this study, we further define the mononuclear phagocyte populations that are present in the neonatal lung and characterize their responses to hyperoxia exposure. We used myeloid depleter mice (CD11b-DTR and CCR2-DTR) to contrast the effects of depleting different monocyte/macrophage subpopulations on the innate immune response to hyperoxia. Using RNA sequencing and subsequent data analysis, we identified an IFN-γ-mediated role for interstitial monocytes/macrophages in acute HILI, in which decreased IFN-γ expression led to increased disease severity and increased Mmp9 mRNA expression. Importantly, intranasal administration of rIFN-γ largely rescued CD11b-DTR+ mice from severe HILI and decreased Mmp9 mRNA expression in Ly-6Clo and Ly-6Chi interstitial monocyte/macrophages. We conclude that the proinflammatory effects of hyperoxia exposure are, at least in part, because of the modulation of effectors downstream of IFN-γ by pulmonary monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C Eldredge
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105.,Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98121; and.,Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Rane S Creasy
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Jen-Feng Lai
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Steven F Ziegler
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
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Yang EJ, Song IS, Song KS. Ethanol extract of Glycyrrhizae Radix modulates the responses of antigen-specific splenocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:56-65. [PMID: 30668383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder resulting in paralysis, and the responses of reactive T cells against self-antigens are hallmarks. Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) has been used for detoxification and reducing inflammation. However, very few reports have described the effects of GR on MS. PURPOSE The immunomodulatory effects of GR extract on autoimmune responses were evaluated through in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays using primary mouse splenocytes (SPLC), mouse microglia BV2 cell line, and a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). STUDY DESIGN Ethanol extract of GR was used in vitro with primary SPLC in the condition of anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation and interferon (IFN)-γ-producing CD4+ (TH1)/CD8+ (TC1) polarization as well as IFN-γ-stimulated BV2 cells. For EAE induction, female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with 200 μg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 without pertussis toxin. EAE SPLC (ex vivo) and EAE mice (in vivo) were treated with GR extract to evaluate the changes in antigen-specific responses. SPLC media containing antigen-specific responses were used to stimulate BV2 cells. RESULTS GR extract effectively modulated the responses of reactive splenic T cells through the reduction in IFN-γ+ T cell populations, the expressions of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and secretions of cytokines containing IFN-γ and a chemokine IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) in vitro. In addition, GR extract significantly decreased nitric oxide production and secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IP-10 in IFN-γ-stimulated BV2 cells. The antigen-specific TH1 and TC1 populations were decreased following administration of 100 mg/kg of GR extract, whereas CD8+IL-17A+ (TC17) population was increased on day 36 after EAE induction. Moreover, IFN-γ, which showed the highest secretion among examined cytokines, and IP-10 decreased on day 36. SPLC media derived from 100 mg/kg GR extract-administered EAE mice revealed the ameliorative effects on BV2 cell stimulation. CONCLUSION This is the first report on the immunomodulatory effects of GR extract on antigen-specific SPLC responses in EAE. These results could be helpful for the discovery of drug candidates for MS by focusing on IFN-γ-related autoimmune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Yang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Im-Sook Song
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Song
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Imbrechts M, De Samblancx K, Fierens K, Brisse E, Vandenhaute J, Mitera T, Libert C, Smets I, Goris A, Wouters C, Matthys P. IFN-γ stimulates CpG-induced IL-10 production in B cells via p38 and JNK signalling pathways. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1506-1521. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Imbrechts
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Karlien Fierens
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
| | - Ellen Brisse
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
| | | | - Tania Mitera
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research; Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Ide Smets
- KU Leuven; Department of Neurosciences; Laboratory for Neuroimmunology; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Neurology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - An Goris
- KU Leuven; Department of Neurosciences; Laboratory for Neuroimmunology; Leuven Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Paediatric Immunology; University Hospitals Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- KU Leuven; Rega Institute; Laboratory of Immunobiology; Leuven Belgium
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Dar HY, Lone Y, Koiri RK, Mishra PK, Srivastava RK. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) induces bone loss and impairs bone micro-architecture by modulating host immunity in mice: Implications for bone health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:792-802. [PMID: 29626823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis or enhanced bone loss is one of the most commonly occurring bone conditions in the world, responsible for higher incidence of fractures leading to increased morbidity and mortality in adults. Bone loss is affected by various environmental factors including diet, age, drugs, toxins etc. Microcystins are toxins produced by cyanobacteria with microcystin-LR being the most abundantly found around the world effecting both human and animal health. The present study demonstrates that MC-LR treatment induces bone loss and impairs both trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture along with decreasing the mineral density and heterogeneity of bones in mice. This effect of MC-LR was found due to its immunomodulatory effects on the host immune system, wherein MC-LR skews both T cell (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) and B cell populations in various lymphoid tissues. MC-LR further was found to significantly enhance the levels of osteoclastogenic cytokines (IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α) along with simultaneously decreasing the levels of anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-γ). Taken together, our study for the first time establishes a direct link between MC-LR intake and enhanced bone loss thereby giving a strong impetus to the naïve field of "osteo-toxicology", to delineate the effects of various toxins (including cyanotoxins) on bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Y Dar
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 70003, India
| | - Yaqoob Lone
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 70003, India
| | - Raj Kumar Koiri
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 70003, India
| | - Pradyumna K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, MP, 462001, India
| | - Rupesh K Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 70003, India; Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Zhang C, Jones JT, Chand HS, Wathelet MG, Evans CM, Dickey B, Xiang J, Mebratu YA, Tesfaigzi Y. Noxa/HSP27 complex delays degradation of ubiquitylated IkBα in airway epithelial cells to reduce pulmonary inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:741-751. [PMID: 29363670 PMCID: PMC5976511 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
IFN-γ is known as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, but can also block inflammation in certain chronic diseases although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We found that IFN-γ rapidly induced Noxa expression and that extent of inflammation by repeated house dust mite exposure was enhanced in noxa-/- compared with noxa+/+ mice. Noxa expression blocked transforming necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Noxa did not affect TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation but the degradation of 48-chain-ubiquitylated IκBα. The Cys25 of Noxa was cross-linked with Cys137 of phospho-HSP27 and both proteins were required for blocking the degradation of ubiquitylated IκBα. Because phospho-HSP27 is present in airway epithelial cells and not in fibroblasts or thymocytes, we generated transgenic mice that inducibly expressed Noxa in airway epithelia. These mice showed protection from allergen-induced inflammation and mucous cell metaplasia by blocking nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Further, we identified a Noxa-derived peptide that prolonged degradation of 48-chain-ubiquitylated IκBα, blocked nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and reduced allergen-induced inflammation in mice. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory role of the Noxa protein may be restricted to airway epithelial cells and the use of Noxa for therapy of chronic lung diseases may be associated with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- COPD Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Jane T. Jones
- COPD Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Hitendra S. Chand
- COPD Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Marc G. Wathelet
- Infectious Diseases Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Christopher M. Evans
- Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, CO 80045, USA
| | - Burton Dickey
- Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jialing Xiang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Yohannes A. Mebratu
- COPD Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
| | - Yohannes Tesfaigzi
- COPD Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA
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High dietary salt intake correlates with modulated Th17-Treg cell balance resulting in enhanced bone loss and impaired bone-microarchitecture in male mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2503. [PMID: 29410520 PMCID: PMC5802842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is associated with reduced density and quality of bone leading to weakened skeleton thereby increasing the risk of fractures responsible for increased morbidity and mortality. Due to preference for western food style the consumption of salt intake in our diets has increased many folds. High dietary salt intake has recently been linked with induction of Th17 cells along with impairment of Treg cells. Also, Th17 cells have been one of major players in the pathophysiology of various bone pathologies including osteoporosis. We thus hypothesized that high salt diet (HSD) intake would lead to enhanced bone loss by modulating Th17-Treg cell balance. In the present study, we report for the first time that HSD intake in male mice impairs both trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture along with decreasing the mineral density and heterogeneity of bones. The HSD modulates host immune system and skews Treg-Th17 balance by promoting osteoclastogenic Th17 cells and inhibiting development of anti-osteoclastogenic Treg cells in mice. HSD also enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, RANKL and IL-17) and decreased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IFN-γ). Taken together the present study for the first time establishes a strong correlation between high dietary salt intake and bone health via interplay between Th17-Treg cells.
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49
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Dillinger B, Ahmadi-Erber S, Lau M, Hoelzl MA, Erhart F, Juergens B, Fuchs D, Heitger A, Ladisch S, Dohnal AM. IFN-γ and tumor gangliosides: Implications for the tumor microenvironment. Cell Immunol 2018; 325:33-40. [PMID: 29402391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides shed by tumors into their microenvironment (TME) are immunoinhibitory. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) may boost antitumor immune responses. Thus we wondered whether IFN-γ would counteract tumor ganglioside-mediated immune suppression. To test this hypothesis, we exposed human monocyte-derived LPS-activated dendritic cells (DC) to IFN-γ and to a highly purified ganglioside, GD1a. DC ganglioside exposure decreased TLR-dependent p38 signaling, explaining the previously observed ganglioside-induced down-modulation of pro-inflammatory surface markers and cytokines. Strikingly, while increasing LPS-dependent DC responses, IFN-γ unexpectedly did not counteract the inhibitory effects of GD1a. Rather, induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), and expression of STAT1/IRF-1 and programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1), indicated that the immunoinhibitory, not an immune stimulatory, IFN-γ-signaling axis, was active. The combination, IFN-γ and DC ganglioside enrichment, markedly impaired DC stimulatory potential of CD8+ T-cells. We suggest that gangliosides and IFN-γ may act in concert as immunosuppressive mediators in the TME, possibly promoting tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Dillinger
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Ahmadi-Erber
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Lau
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus A Hoelzl
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Erhart
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Juergens
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innrain 80, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Heitger
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Ladisch
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center 111 Michigan Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Alexander M Dohnal
- Tumor Immunology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung e.V., Zimmermannplatz 10, Vienna, Austria.
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50
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Ramakrishna C, Cantin EM. IFNγ inhibits G-CSF induced neutrophil expansion and invasion of the CNS to prevent viral encephalitis. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006822. [PMID: 29352287 PMCID: PMC5792029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency hematopoiesis facilitates the rapid expansion of inflammatory immune cells in response to infections by pathogens, a process that must be carefully regulated to prevent potentially life threatening inflammatory responses. Here, we describe a novel regulatory role for the cytokine IFNγ that is critical for preventing fatal encephalitis after viral infection. HSV1 encephalitis (HSE) is triggered by the invasion of the brainstem by inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils. In mice lacking IFNγ (GKO), we observed unrestrained increases in G-CSF levels but not in GM-CSF or IL-17. This resulted in uncontrolled expansion and infiltration of apoptosis-resistant, degranulating neutrophils into the brainstem, causing fatal HSE in GKO but not WT mice. Excessive G-CSF in GKO mice also induced granulocyte derived suppressor cells, which inhibited T-cell proliferation and function, including production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Unexpectedly, we found that IFNγ suppressed G-CSF signaling by increasing SOCS3 expression in neutrophils, resulting in apoptosis. Depletion of G-CSF, but not GM-CSF, in GKO mice induced neutrophil apoptosis and reinstated IL-10 secretion by T cells, which restored their ability to limit innate inflammatory responses resulting in protection from HSE. Our studies reveals a novel, complex interplay among IFNγ, G-CSF and IL-10, which highlights the opposing roles of G-CSF and IFNγ in regulation of innate inflammatory responses in a murine viral encephalitis model and reveals G-CSF as a potential therapeutic target. Thus, the antagonistic G-CSF-IFNγ interactions emerge as a key regulatory node in control of CNS inflammatory responses to virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Ramakrishna
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CR); (EMC)
| | - Edouard M. Cantin
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CR); (EMC)
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