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Arifin MZ, Leitner J, Egan D, Waidhofer-Söllner P, Kolch W, Zhernovkov V, Steinberger P. BTLA and PD-1 signals attenuate TCR-mediated transcriptomic changes. iScience 2024; 27:110253. [PMID: 39021788 PMCID: PMC11253514 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell co-inhibitory immune checkpoints, such as PD-1 or BTLA, are bona fide targets in cancer therapy. We used a human T cell reporter line to measure transcriptomic changes mediated by PD-1- and BTLA-induced signaling. T cell receptor (TCR)-complex stimulation resulted in the upregulation of a large number of genes but also in repression of a similar number of genes. PD-1 and BTLA signals attenuated transcriptomic changes mediated by TCR-complex signaling: upregulated genes tended to be suppressed and the expression of a significant number of downregulated genes was higher during PD-1 or BTLA signaling. BTLA was a significantly stronger attenuator of TCR-complex-induced transcriptome changes than PD-1. A strong overlap between genes that were regulated indicated quantitative rather than qualitative differences between these receptors. In line with their function as attenuators of TCR-complex-mediated changes, we found strongly regulated genes to be prime targets of PD-1 and BTLA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zainul Arifin
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Judith Leitner
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Donagh Egan
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Petra Waidhofer-Söllner
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Vadim Zhernovkov
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Dou Z, Bonacci TR, Shou P, Landoni E, Woodcock MG, Sun C, Savoldo B, Herring LE, Emanuele MJ, Song F, Baldwin AS, Wan Y, Dotti G, Zhou X. 4-1BB-encoding CAR causes cell death via sequestration of the ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01198-y. [PMID: 38937625 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
CD28 and 4-1BB costimulatory endodomains included in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) molecules play a critical role in promoting sustained antitumor activity of CAR-T cells. However, the molecular events associated with the ectopic and constitutive display of either CD28 or 4-1BB in CAR-T cells have been only partially explored. In the current study, we demonstrated that 4-1BB incorporated within the CAR leads to cell cluster formation and cell death in the forms of both apoptosis and necroptosis in the absence of CAR tonic signaling. Mechanistic studies illustrate that 4-1BB sequesters A20 to the cell membrane in a TRAF-dependent manner causing A20 functional deficiency that in turn leads to NF-κB hyperactivity, cell aggregation via ICAM-1 overexpression, and cell death including necroptosis via RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. Genetic modulations obtained by either overexpressing A20 or releasing A20 from 4-1BB by deleting the TRAF-binding motifs of 4-1BB rescue cell cluster formation and cell death and enhance the antitumor ability of 4-1BB-costimulated CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqi Dou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Peishun Shou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elisa Landoni
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark G Woodcock
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chuang Sun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Savoldo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- Michael Hooker Proteomics Center, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feifei Song
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Albert S Baldwin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yisong Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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3
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Li Z, Yu Z, Cui S, Hu S, Li B, Chen T, Qu C, Yang B. AMPA receptor inhibition alleviates inflammatory response and myocardial apoptosis after myocardial infarction by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112080. [PMID: 38613882 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction leads to myocardial inflammation and apoptosis, which are crucial factors leading to heart failure and cardiovascular dysfunction, eventually resulting in death. While the inhibition of AMPA receptors mitigates inflammation and tissue apoptosis, the effectiveness of this inhibition in the pathophysiological processes of myocardial infarction remains unclear. This study investigated the role of AMPA receptor inhibition in myocardial infarction and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. This study established a myocardial infarction model by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery in Sprague-Dawley rats. The findings suggested that injecting the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX into myocardial infarction rats effectively alleviated cardiac inflammation, myocardial necrosis, and apoptosis and improved their cardiac contractile function. Conversely, injecting the AMPA receptor agonist CX546 into infarcted rats exacerbated the symptoms and tissue damage, as reflected by histopathology. This agonist also stimulated the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, further deteriorating cardiac function. Furthermore, the investigations revealed that AMPA receptor inhibition hindered the nuclear translocation of P65, blocking its downstream signaling pathway and attenuating tissue inflammation. In summary, this study affirmed the potential of AMPA receptor inhibition in countering inflammation and tissue apoptosis after myocardial infarction, making it a promising therapeutic target for mitigating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhili Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shengyu Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Chuan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
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4
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Vadivel CK, Willerslev-Olsen A, Namini MRJ, Zeng Z, Yan L, Danielsen M, Gluud M, Pallesen EMH, Wojewoda K, Osmancevic A, Hedebo S, Chang YT, Lindahl LM, Koralov SB, Geskin LJ, Bates SE, Iversen L, Litman T, Bech R, Wobser M, Guenova E, Kamstrup MR, Ødum N, Buus TB. Staphylococcus aureus induces drug resistance in cancer T cells in Sézary syndrome. Blood 2024; 143:1496-1512. [PMID: 38170178 PMCID: PMC11033614 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Patients with Sézary syndrome (SS), a leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), are prone to Staphylococcus aureus infections and have a poor prognosis due to treatment resistance. Here, we report that S aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) induce drug resistance in malignant T cells against therapeutics commonly used in CTCL. Supernatant from patient-derived, SE-producing S aureus and recombinant SE significantly inhibit cell death induced by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor romidepsin in primary malignant T cells from patients with SS. Bacterial killing by engineered, bacteriophage-derived, S aureus-specific endolysin (XZ.700) abrogates the effect of S aureus supernatant. Similarly, mutations in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II binding sites of SE type A (SEA) and anti-SEA antibody block induction of resistance. Importantly, SE also triggers resistance to other HDAC inhibitors (vorinostat and resminostat) and chemotherapeutic drugs (doxorubicin and etoposide). Multimodal single-cell sequencing indicates T-cell receptor (TCR), NF-κB, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways (previously associated with drug resistance) as putative mediators of SE-induced drug resistance. In support, inhibition of TCR-signaling and Protein kinase C (upstream of NF-κB) counteracts SE-induced rescue from drug-induced cell death. Inversely, SE cannot rescue from cell death induced by the proteasome/NF-κB inhibitor bortezomib. Inhibition of JAK/STAT only blocks rescue in patients whose malignant T-cell survival is dependent on SE-induced cytokines, suggesting 2 distinct ways SE can induce drug resistance. In conclusion, we show that S aureus enterotoxins induce drug resistance in primary malignant T cells. These findings suggest that S aureus enterotoxins cause clinical treatment resistance in patients with SS, and antibacterial measures may improve the outcome of cancer-directed therapy in patients harboring S aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Krishna Vadivel
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Willerslev-Olsen
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin R. J. Namini
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ziao Zeng
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lang Yan
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Danielsen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Gluud
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil M. H. Pallesen
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karolina Wojewoda
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amra Osmancevic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Signe Hedebo
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yun-Tsan Chang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lise M. Lindahl
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sergei B. Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Larisa J. Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Susan E. Bates
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lars Iversen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Litman
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Bech
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marion Wobser
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria R. Kamstrup
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Ødum
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terkild B. Buus
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Voisin A, Plaschka M, Perrin-Niquet M, Twardowski J, Boutemine I, Eluard B, Lalle G, Stéphan P, Bouherrou K, Tonon L, Pommier R, Ferrari A, Klein U, Wencker M, Baud V, Cassier PA, Grinberg-Bleyer Y. The NF-κB RelA transcription factor is not required for CD8+ T-cell function in acute viral infection and cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379777. [PMID: 38504985 PMCID: PMC10948531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are critical mediators of pathogen clearance and anti-tumor immunity. Although signaling pathways leading to the activation of NF-κB transcription factors have crucial functions in the regulation of immune responses, the CD8+ T cell-autonomous roles of the different NF-κB subunits, are still unresolved. Here, we investigated the function of the ubiquitously expressed transcription factor RelA in CD8+ T-cell biology using a novel mouse model and gene-edited human cells. We found that CD8+ T cell-specific ablation of RelA markedly altered the transcriptome of ex vivo stimulated cells, but maintained the proliferative capacity of both mouse and human cells. In contrast, in vivo experiments showed that RelA deficiency did not affect the CD8+ T-cell response to acute viral infection or transplanted tumors. Our data suggest that in CD8+ T cells, RelA is dispensable for their protective activity in pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Voisin
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Maud Plaschka
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- St. Anna Children´s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlène Perrin-Niquet
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Julie Twardowski
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Insaf Boutemine
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Baptiste Eluard
- Université Paris Cité, NF-κB, Différenciation et Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Guilhem Lalle
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Stéphan
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Khaled Bouherrou
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Laurie Tonon
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Roxane Pommier
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Anthony Ferrari
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Gilles Thomas Bioinformatics Platform, Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mélanie Wencker
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Véronique Baud
- Université Paris Cité, NF-κB, Différenciation et Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Philippe A. Cassier
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Yenkel Grinberg-Bleyer
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Labex DEV2CAN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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6
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Li Y, Zhao B, Peng J, Tang H, Wang S, Peng S, Ye F, Wang J, Ouyang K, Li J, Cai M, Chen Y. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling unveils novel strategies to overcome drug resistance in cancers. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 73:101042. [PMID: 38219532 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance in cancer remains a major challenge in oncology, impeding the effectiveness of various treatment modalities. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway has emerged as a critical player in the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between NF-κB and drug resistance in cancer. We delve into the molecular mechanisms through which NF-κB activation contributes to resistance against chemotherapeutic agents, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies. Additionally, we discuss potential strategies to overcome this resistance by targeting NF-κB signaling, such as small molecule inhibitors and combination therapies. Understanding the multifaceted interactions between NF-κB and drug resistance is crucial for the development of more effective cancer treatment strategies. By dissecting the complex signaling network of NF-κB, we hope to shed light on novel therapeutic approaches that can enhance treatment outcomes, ultimately improving the prognosis for cancer patients. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on NF-κB and its role in drug resistance, offering insights that may guide future research and therapeutic interventions in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Baiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Juzheng Peng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Sicheng Peng
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Junye Wang
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Kai Ouyang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Manbo Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Yongming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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7
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Forsyth KS, Toothacre NE, Jiwrajka N, Driscoll AM, Shallberg LA, Cunningham-Rundles C, Barmettler S, Farmer J, Verbsky J, Routes J, Beiting DP, Romberg N, May MJ, Anguera MC. NF-κB Signaling is Required for X-Chromosome Inactivation Maintenance Following T cell Activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.08.579505. [PMID: 38405871 PMCID: PMC10888971 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.08.579505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
X Chromosome Inactivation (XCI) is a female-specific process which balances X-linked gene dosage between sexes. Unstimulated T cells lack cytological enrichment of Xist RNA and heterochromatic modifications on the inactive X chromosome (Xi), and these modifications become enriched at the Xi after cell stimulation. Here, we examined allele-specific gene expression and the epigenomic profiles of the Xi following T cell stimulation. We found that the Xi in unstimulated T cells is largely dosage compensated and is enriched with the repressive H3K27me3 modification, but not the H2AK119-ubiquitin (Ub) mark, even at promoters of XCI escape genes. Upon CD3/CD28-mediated T cell stimulation, the Xi accumulates H2AK119-Ub and H3K27me3 across the Xi. Next, we examined the T cell signaling pathways responsible for Xist RNA localization to the Xi and found that T cell receptor (TCR) engagement, specifically NF-κB signaling downstream of TCR, is required. Disruption of NF-κB signaling, using inhibitors or genetic deletions, in mice and patients with immunodeficiencies prevents Xist/XIST RNA accumulation at the Xi and alters expression of some X-linked genes. Our findings reveal a novel connection between NF-κB signaling pathways which impact XCI maintenance in female T cells.
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8
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He Y, Zou P, Lu J, Lu Y, Yuan S, Zheng X, Liu J, Zeng C, Liu L, Tang L, Fang Z, Hu X, Liu Q, Zhou S. CD4+ T-Cell Legumain Deficiency Attenuates Hypertensive Damage via Preservation of TRAF6. Circ Res 2024; 134:9-29. [PMID: 38047378 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cells are central to the immune responses contributing to hypertension. LGMN (legumain) is highly expressed in T cells; however, its role in the pathogenesis of hypertension remains unclear. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with hypertension, and cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells were sorted for gene expression and Western blotting analysis. TLGMNKO (T cell-specific LGMN-knockout) mice (Lgmnf/f/CD4Cre), regulatory T cell (Treg)-specific LGMN-knockout mice (Lgmnf/f/Foxp3YFP Cre), and RR-11a (LGMN inhibitor)-treated C57BL/6 mice were infused with Ang II (angiotensin II) or deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt to establish hypertensive animal models. Flow cytometry, 4-dimensional label-free proteomics, coimmunoprecipitation, Treg suppression, and in vivo Treg depletion or adoptive transfer were used to delineate the functional importance of T-cell LGMN in hypertension development. RESULTS LGMN mRNA expression was increased in CD4+ T cells isolated from hypertensive patients and mice, was positively correlated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and was negatively correlated with serum IL (interleukin)-10 levels. TLGMNKO mice exhibited reduced Ang II-induced or deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertension and target organ damage relative to wild-type (WT) mice. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of LGMN blocked Ang II-induced or deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced immunoinhibitory Treg reduction in the kidneys and blood. Anti-CD25 antibody depletion of Tregs abolished the protective effects against Ang II-induced hypertension in TLGMNKO mice, and LGMN deletion in Tregs prevented Ang II-induced hypertension in mice. Mechanistically, endogenous LGMN impaired Treg differentiation and function by directly interacting with and facilitating the degradation of TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6) via chaperone-mediated autophagy, thereby inhibiting NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) activation. Adoptive transfer of LGMN-deficient Tregs reversed Ang II-induced hypertension, whereas depletion of TRAF6 in LGMN-deficient Tregs blocked the protective effects. CONCLUSIONS LGMN deficiency in T cells prevents hypertension and its complications by promoting Treg differentiation and function. Specifically targeting LGMN in Tregs may be an innovative approach for hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhu He
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pu Zou
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Pathology (J. Lu), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yufei Lu
- Division of Physical Therapy Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Y.L.)
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Nephrology (S.Y.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xialei Zheng
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinqun Hu
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shenghua Zhou
- Departments of Cardiology (Y.H., P.Z., X.Z., J. Liu, C.Z., L.L., L.T., Z.F., X.H., Q.L., S.Z.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Roh TH, Chae MK, Ko JS, Kikkawa DO, Jang SY, Yoon JS. Phospholipase C-γ as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Graves' Orbitopathy. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:739-749. [PMID: 37989267 PMCID: PMC10765002 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) plays a crucial role in immune responses and is related to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of PLC-γ and the therapeutic effect of the PLC-specific inhibitor U73122 using orbital fibroblasts from patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO). METHODS The expression of phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1) and phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLCG2) was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction in GO and normal orbital tissues/fibroblasts. The primary cultures of orbital fibroblasts were treated with non-toxic concentrations of U73122 with or without interleukin (IL)-1β to determine its therapeutic efficacy. The proinflammatory cytokine levels and activation of downstream signaling molecules were determined using Western blotting. RESULTS PLCG1 and PLCG2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in GO orbital tissues than in controls (P<0.05). PLCG1 and PLCG2 mRNA expression was significantly increased (P<0.05) in IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and a cluster of differentiation 40 ligand-stimulated GO fibroblasts. U73122 significantly inhibited the IL-1β-induced expression of proinflammatory molecules, including IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and p38 (p-p38) kinase in GO fibroblasts, whereas it inhibited IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1, and p-Akt and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) in normal fibroblasts (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PLC-γ-inhibiting U73122 suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the phosphorylation of Akt and p38 kinase in GO fibroblasts. This study indicates the implications of PLC-γ in GO pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target for GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Roh
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Chae
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sang Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Don O. Kikkawa
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sun Young Jang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Shim JA, Lee SM, Jeong JW, Kim H, Son WJ, Park JH, Song P, Im SH, Bae S, Park JH, Jo Y, Hong C. NFAT1 and NFκB regulates expression of the common γ-chain cytokine receptor in activated T cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:309. [PMID: 37904191 PMCID: PMC10617197 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cytokines of the common γ chain (γc) family are critical for the development, differentiation, and survival of T lineage cells. Cytokines play key roles in immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and cancer. Although γc is considered an assistant receptor to transmit cytokine signals and is an indispensable receptor in the immune system, its regulatory mechanism is not yet well understood. OBJECTIVE This study focused on the molecular mechanisms that γc expression in T cells is regulated under T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. METHODS The γc expression in TCR-stimulated T cells was determined by flow cytometry, western blot and quantitative RT-PCR. The regulatory mechanism of γc expression in activated T cells was examined by promoter-luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. NFAT1 and NFκB deficient cells generated using CRISPR-Cas9 and specific inhibitors were used to examine their role in regulation of γc expression. Specific binding motif was confirmed by γc promotor mutant cells generated using CRISPR-Cas9. IL-7TgγcTg mice were used to examine regulatory role of γc in cytokine signaling. RESULTS We found that activated T cells significantly upregulated γc expression, wherein NFAT1 and NFκB were key in transcriptional upregulation via T cell receptor stimulation. Also, we identified the functional binding site of the γc promoter and the synergistic effect of NFAT1 and NFκB in the regulation of γc expression. Increased γc expression inhibited IL-7 signaling and rescued lymphoproliferative disorder in an IL-7Tg animal model, providing novel insights into T cell homeostasis. CONCLUSION Our results indicate functional cooperation between NFAT1 and NFκB in upregulating γc expression in activated T cells. As γc expression also regulates γc cytokine responsiveness, our study suggests that γc expression should be considered as one of the regulators in γc cytokine signaling and the development of T cell immunotherapies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju A Shim
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 504, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 504, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 504, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyori Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 504, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jae Son
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hong Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju, 58245, Republic of Korea
- University of Science & Technology (UST), KIOM Campus, Korean Convergence Medicine Major, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Parkyong Song
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yuna Jo
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 515, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea.
| | - Changwan Hong
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Room 504, 49 Busandaehak-Ro, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 50612, South Korea.
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- PNU GRAND Convergence Medical Science Education Research Center, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Pritzl CJ, Luera D, Knudson KM, Quaney MJ, Calcutt MJ, Daniels MA, Teixeiro E. IKK2/NFkB signaling controls lung resident CD8 + T cell memory during influenza infection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4331. [PMID: 37468506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cell tissue resident memory (TRM) cells are especially suited to control pathogen spread at mucosal sites. However, their maintenance in lung is short-lived. TCR-dependent NFkB signaling is crucial for T cell memory but how and when NFkB signaling modulates tissue resident and circulating T cell memory during the immune response is unknown. Here, we find that enhancing NFkB signaling in T cells once memory to influenza is established, increases pro-survival Bcl-2 and CD122 levels thus boosting lung CD8+ TRM maintenance. By contrast, enhancing NFkB signals during the contraction phase of the response leads to a defect in CD8+ TRM differentiation without impairing recirculating memory subsets. Specifically, inducible activation of NFkB via constitutive active IKK2 or TNF interferes with TGFβ signaling, resulting in defects of lung CD8+ TRM imprinting molecules CD69, CD103, Runx3 and Eomes. Conversely, inhibiting NFkB signals not only recovers but improves the transcriptional signature and generation of lung CD8+ TRM. Thus, NFkB signaling is a critical regulator of tissue resident memory, whose levels can be tuned at specific times during infection to boost lung CD8+ TRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis J Pritzl
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Dezzarae Luera
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Karin M Knudson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michael J Quaney
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michael J Calcutt
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mark A Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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12
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Nicosia M, Lee J, Beavers A, Kish D, Farr GW, McGuirk PR, Pelletier MF, Lathia JD, Fairchild RL, Valujskikh A. Water channel aquaporin 4 is required for T cell receptor mediated lymphocyte activation. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 113:544-554. [PMID: 36805947 PMCID: PMC10848298 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are a family of ubiquitously expressed transmembrane water channels implicated in a broad range of physiological functions. We have previously reported that aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is expressed on T cells and that treatment with a small molecule AQP4 inhibitor significantly delays T cell mediated heart allograft rejection. Using either genetic deletion or small molecule inhibitor, we show that AQP4 supports T cell receptor mediated activation of both mouse and human T cells. Intact AQP4 is required for optimal T cell receptor (TCR)-related signaling events, including nuclear translocation of transcription factors and phosphorylation of proximal TCR signaling molecules. AQP4 deficiency or inhibition impairs actin cytoskeleton rearrangements following TCR crosslinking, causing inferior TCR polarization and a loss of TCR signaling. Our findings reveal a novel function of AQP4 in T lymphocytes and identify AQP4 as a potential therapeutic target for preventing TCR-mediated T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nicosia
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Juyeun Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Ashley Beavers
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Danielle Kish
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - George W. Farr
- Aeromics Inc., 470 James Street Suite 007, New Haven, CT 06513, United States
| | - Paul R. McGuirk
- Aeromics Inc., 470 James Street Suite 007, New Haven, CT 06513, United States
| | - Marc F. Pelletier
- Aeromics Inc., 470 James Street Suite 007, New Haven, CT 06513, United States
| | - Justin D. Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Robert L. Fairchild
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Anna Valujskikh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
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13
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Kim JH, Han J, Afridi R, Kim JH, Rahman MH, Park DH, Lee WS, Song GJ, Suk K. A multiplexed siRNA screen identifies key kinase signaling networks of brain glia. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201605. [PMID: 36878638 PMCID: PMC9990460 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic behaviors of brain glial cells in various neuroinflammatory conditions and neurological disorders have been reported; however, little is known about the underlying intracellular signaling pathways. Here, we developed a multiplexed kinome-wide siRNA screen to identify the kinases regulating several inflammatory phenotypes of mouse glial cells in culture, including inflammatory activation, migration, and phagocytosis of glia. Subsequent proof-of-concept experiments involving genetic and pharmacological inhibitions indicated the importance of T-cell receptor signaling components in microglial activation and a metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in astrocyte migration. This time- and cost-effective multiplexed kinome siRNA screen efficiently provides exploitable drug targets and novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the phenotypic regulation of glial cells and neuroinflammation. Moreover, the kinases identified in this screen may be relevant in other inflammatory diseases and cancer, wherein kinases play a critical role in disease signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Heon Kim
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruqayya Afridi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dong Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Suk Lee
- Neuracle Science Co., Ltd. Seoul, Republic Korea
| | - Gyun Jee Song
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic Korea; Translational Brain Research Center, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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14
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Hu G, Hauk PJ, Zhang N, Elsegeiny W, Guardia CM, Kullas A, Crosby K, Deterding RR, Schedel M, Reynolds P, Abbott JK, Knight V, Pittaluga S, Raffeld M, Rosenzweig SD, Bonifacino JS, Uzel G, Williamson PR, Gelfand EW. Autophagy-associated immune dysregulation and hyperplasia in a patient with compound heterozygous mutations in ATG9A. Autophagy 2023; 19:678-691. [PMID: 35838483 PMCID: PMC9851204 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2093028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BCL10: BCL10 immune signaling adaptor; CARD11: caspase recruitment domain family member 11; CBM: CARD11-BCL10-MALT1; CR2: complement C3d receptor 2; EBNA: Epstein Barr nuclear antigen; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; FCGR3A; Fc gamma receptor IIIa; GLILD: granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease; HV: healthy volunteer; IKBKB/IKB kinase: inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta; IL2RA: interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha; MALT1: MALT1 paracaspase; MS4A1: membrane spanning 4-domain A1; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MYC: MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH: transcription factor; NCAM1: neural cell adhesion molecule 1; NFKB: nuclear factor kappa B; NIAID: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; NK: natural killer; PTPRC: protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C; SELL: selectin L; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; TR: T cell receptor; Tregs: regulatory T cells; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowu Hu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pia J Hauk
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology and Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Section Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Waleed Elsegeiny
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos M. Guardia
- Section on Intracellular Protein Trafficking, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy Kullas
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Crosby
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robin R. Deterding
- Section Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital, Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michaela Schedel
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology and Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medicine Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Paul Reynolds
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology and Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jordan K Abbott
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology and Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Section Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vijaya Knight
- Section Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergio D. Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Section on Intracellular Protein Trafficking, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter R. Williamson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erwin W. Gelfand
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology and Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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15
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Nitro-oleic acid regulates T cell activation through post-translational modification of calcineurin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2208924120. [PMID: 36652486 PMCID: PMC9942794 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208924120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are unsaturated fatty acid nitration products that exhibit anti-inflammatory actions in experimental mouse models of autoimmune and allergic diseases. These electrophilic molecules interfere with intracellular signaling pathways by reversible post-translational modification of nucleophilic amino-acid residues. Several regulatory proteins have been identified as targets of NO2-FAs, modifying their activity and promoting gene expression changes that result in anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we report the effects of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) on pro-inflammatory T cell functions, showing that 9- and 10-NOA, but not their oleic acid precursor, decrease T cell proliferation, expression of activation markers CD25 and CD71 on the plasma membrane, and IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ cytokine gene expressions. Moreover, we have found that NO2-OA inhibits the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and that this inhibition takes place through the regulation of the phosphatase activity of calcineurin (CaN), hindering NFAT dephosphorylation, and nuclear translocation in activated T cells. Finally, using mass spectrometry-based approaches, we have found that NO2-OA nitroalkylates CaNA on four Cys (Cys129, 228, 266, and 372), of which only nitroalkylation on Cys372 was of importance for the regulation of CaN phosphatase activity in cells, disturbing functional CaNA/CaNB heterodimer formation. These results provide evidence for an additional mechanism by which NO2-FAs exert their anti-inflammatory actions, pointing to their potential as therapeutic bioactive lipids for the modulation of harmful T cell-mediated immune responses.
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16
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Aqdas M, Sung MH. NF-κB dynamics in the language of immune cells. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:32-43. [PMID: 36473794 PMCID: PMC9811507 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Biological discovery has been driven by advances in throughput and resolution of analysis technologies. They have also created an indelible bias for snapshot-based knowledge. Even though recent methods such as multi-omics single-cell assays have empowered immunological investigations, they still provide snapshots of cellular behaviors and thus, have inherent limitations in reconstructing unsynchronized dynamic events across individual cells. Here, we present a rationale for how NF-κB may convey specificity of contextual information through subtle quantitative features of its signaling dynamics. The next frontier of predictive understanding should involve functional characterization of NF-κB signaling dynamics and their immunological implications. This may help solve the apparent paradox that a ubiquitously activated transcription factor can shape accurate responses to different immune challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aqdas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myong-Hee Sung
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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17
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Schutt SD, Wu Y, Kharel A, Bastian D, Choi HJ, Hanief Sofi M, Mealer C, McDaniel Mims B, Nguyen H, Liu C, Helke K, Cui W, Zhang X, Ben-David Y, Yu XZ. The druggable transcription factor Fli-1 regulates T cell immunity and tolerance in graft-versus-host disease. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:143950. [PMID: 36074578 PMCID: PMC9621143 DOI: 10.1172/jci143950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), manifesting as either acute (aGVHD) or chronic (cGVHD), presents significant life-threatening complications following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Here, we investigated Friend virus leukemia integration 1 (Fli-1) in GVHD pathogenesis and validated Fli-1 as a therapeutic target. Using genetic approaches, we found that Fli-1 dynamically regulated different T cell subsets in allogeneic responses and pathogenicity in the development of aGVHD and cGVHD. Compared with homozygous Fli1-deficient or WT T cells, heterozygous Fli1-deficient T cells induced the mildest GVHD, as evidenced by the lowest Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis revealed that Fli-1 differentially regulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Fli-1 promoted the transcription of Th1/Th17 pathways and T cell receptor-inducible (TCR-inducible) transcription factors in CD4+ T cells, while suppressing activation- and function-related gene pathways in CD8+ T cells. Importantly, a low dose of camptothecin, topotecan, or etoposide acted as a potent Fli-1 inhibitor and significantly attenuated GVHD severity, while preserving the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. This observation was extended to a xenograft model, in which GVHD was induced by human T cells. In conclusion, we provide evidence that Fli-1 plays a crucial role in alloreactive CD4+ T cell activation and differentiation and that targeting Fli-1 may be an attractive strategy for treating GVHD without compromising the GVL effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Schutt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Arjun Kharel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David Bastian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hee-Jin Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mohammed Hanief Sofi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Corey Mealer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brianyell McDaniel Mims
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Weiguo Cui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Medicine at MUSC, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- Guizhou Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,The Cancer Center in MCW, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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18
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Liggett JR, Kang J, Ranjit S, Rodriguez O, Loh K, Patil D, Cui Y, Duttargi A, Nguyen S, He B, Lee Y, Oza K, Frank BS, Kwon D, Li HH, Kallakury B, Libby A, Levi M, Robson SC, Fishbein TM, Cui W, Albanese C, Khan K, Kroemer A. Oral N-acetylcysteine decreases IFN-γ production and ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion injury in steatotic livers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:898799. [PMID: 36148239 PMCID: PMC9486542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Natural Killer T-cells (NKT1 cells) play a critical role in mediating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Although hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor for preservation type injury, how NKT cells impact this is understudied. Given NKT1 cell activation by phospholipid ligands recognized presented by CD1d, we hypothesized that NKT1 cells are key modulators of hepatic IRI because of the increased frequency of activating ligands in the setting of hepatic steatosis. We first demonstrate that IRI is exacerbated by a high-fat diet (HFD) in experimental murine models of warm partial ischemia. This is evident in the evaluation of ALT levels and Phasor-Fluorescence Lifetime (Phasor-FLIM) Imaging for glycolytic stress. Polychromatic flow cytometry identified pronounced increases in CD45+CD3+NK1.1+NKT1 cells in HFD fed mice when compared to mice fed a normal diet (ND). This observation is further extended to IRI, measuring ex vivo cytokine expression in the HFD and ND. Much higher interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) expression is noted in the HFD mice after IRI. We further tested our hypothesis by performing a lipidomic analysis of hepatic tissue and compared this to Phasor-FLIM imaging using "long lifetime species", a byproduct of lipid oxidation. There are higher levels of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in HFD mice. Since N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is able to limit hepatic steatosis, we tested how oral NAC supplementation in HFD mice impacted IRI. Interestingly, oral NAC supplementation in HFD mice results in improved hepatic enhancement using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to HFD control mice and normalization of glycolysis demonstrated by Phasor-FLIM imaging. This correlated with improved biochemical serum levels and a decrease in IFN-γ expression at a tissue level and from CD45+CD3+CD1d+ cells. Lipidomic evaluation of tissue in the HFD+NAC mice demonstrated a drastic decrease in triacylglycerol, suggesting downregulation of the PPAR-γ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jedson R Liggett
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Surgery, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, United States
| | - Jiman Kang
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Suman Ranjit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.,Microscopy & Imaging Shared Resource, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Katrina Loh
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Digvijay Patil
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Yuki Cui
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anju Duttargi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Sang Nguyen
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Britney He
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Yichien Lee
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kesha Oza
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Brett S Frank
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - DongHyang Kwon
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Heng-Hong Li
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Andrew Libby
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Simon C Robson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas M Fishbein
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Wanxing Cui
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Chris Albanese
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Radiology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Khalid Khan
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alexander Kroemer
- MedStar Georgetown Transplant Institute, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and the Center for Translational Transplant Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
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19
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Asthma reduces glioma formation by T cell decorin-mediated inhibition of microglia. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7122. [PMID: 34880260 PMCID: PMC8654836 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the reduced incidence of brain tumors in children with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and asthma, we leverage Nf1 optic pathway glioma (Nf1OPG) mice, human and mouse RNAseq data, and two different experimental asthma models. Following ovalbumin or house dust mite asthma induction at 4-6 weeks of age (WOA), Nf1OPG mouse optic nerve volumes and proliferation are decreased at 12 and 24 WOA, indicating no tumor development. This inhibition is accompanied by reduced expression of the microglia-produced optic glioma mitogen, Ccl5. Human and murine T cell transcriptome analyses reveal that inhibition of microglia Ccl5 production results from increased T cell expression of decorin, which blocks Ccl4-mediated microglia Ccl5 expression through reduced microglia NFκB signaling. Decorin or NFκB inhibitor treatment of Nf1OPG mice at 4-6 WOA inhibits tumor formation at 12 WOA, thus establishing a potential mechanistic etiology for the attenuated glioma incidence observed in children with asthma.
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20
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Kircheis R. Coagulopathies after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 May Be Derived from a Combined Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Adenovirus Vector-Triggered Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10791. [PMID: 34639132 PMCID: PMC8509779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic with worldwide 6-digit infection rates and thousands of death tolls daily. Enormous efforts are undertaken to achieve high coverage of immunization to reach herd immunity in order to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA, viral vectors, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus have been approved and are being applied worldwide. However, the recent increased numbers of normally very rare types of thromboses associated with thrombocytopenia have been reported, particularly in the context of the adenoviral vector vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 from Astra Zeneca. The statistical prevalence of these side effects seems to correlate with this particular vaccine type, i.e., adenoviral vector-based vaccines, but the exact molecular mechanisms are still not clear. The present review summarizes current data and hypotheses for molecular and cellular mechanisms into one integrated hypothesis indicating that coagulopathies, including thromboses, thrombocytopenia, and other related side effects, are correlated to an interplay of the two components in the vaccine, i.e., the spike antigen and the adenoviral vector, with the innate and immune systems, which under certain circumstances can imitate the picture of a limited COVID-19 pathological picture.
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21
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Sanchez JMS, DePaula-Silva AB, Doty DJ, Hanak TJ, Truong A, Libbey JE, Fujinami RS. The CSF1R-Microglia Axis Has Protective Host-Specific Roles During Neurotropic Picornavirus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621090. [PMID: 34566948 PMCID: PMC8458822 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral encephalitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, but the manifestation of disease varies greatly between individuals even in response to the same virus. Microglia are professional antigen presenting cells that reside in the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma that are poised to respond to viral insults. However, the role of microglia in initiating and coordinating the antiviral response is not completely understood. Utilizing Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), a neurotropic picornavirus, and PLX5622, a small molecule inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling that can deplete microglia in the CNS; we investigated the role of the CSF1R-microglia axis in neurotropic picornavirus infection of C57BL/6J and SJL/J mice. These mouse strains differ in their ability to clear TMEV and exhibit different neurological disease in response to TMEV infection. CSF1R antagonism in C57BL/6J mice, which normally clear TMEV in the CNS, led to acute fatal encephalitis. In contrast, CSF1R antagonism in SJL/J mice, which normally develop a chronic CNS TMEV infection, did not result in acute encephalitis, but exacerbated TMEV-induced demyelination. Immunologically, inhibition of CSF1R in C57BL/6J mice reduced major histocompatibility complex II expression in microglia, decreased the proportion of regulatory T cells in the CNS, and upregulated proinflammatory pathways in CNS T cells. Acute CSF1R inhibition in SJL/J mice had no effect on microglial MHC-II expression and upregulated anti-inflammatory pathways in CNS T cells, however chronic CSF1R inhibition resulted in broad immunosuppression. Our results demonstrate strain-specific effects of the CSF1R-microglia axis in the context of neurotropic viral infection as well as inherent differences in microglial antigen presentation and subsequent T cell crosstalk that contribute to susceptibility to neurotropic picornavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Michael S. Sanchez
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | | | - Daniel J. Doty
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Tyler J. Hanak
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amanda Truong
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Jane E. Libbey
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Robert S. Fujinami
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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22
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Withaferin A inhibits lymphocyte proliferation, dendritic cell maturation in vitro and prolongs islet allograft survival. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10661. [PMID: 34021233 PMCID: PMC8140140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressive regimen for clinical allogeneic islet transplantation uses beta cell–toxic compounds such as tacrolimus that cause islet graft loss. Previously we reported that the plant-derived steroidal lactone Withaferin A (WA) can protect islet grafts by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Since the NF-κB signaling pathway is essential for T-cell activation, we hypothesized that long-term WA administration may also provide an immunosuppressive effect. Treatment of BALB/c donor islets and C57BL/6N recipients with WA alone resulted in 80% islet graft long-term survival vs. 40% in low-dose FK506-treated mice. In vitro, WA significantly blocked mouse and human T-cell proliferation by CD3/CD28 bead stimulation and in mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. Treatment of immature dendritic cells with WA prevented their maturation in response to inflammatory stimuli, as seen by decreased expression of CD83 and human leukocyte antigen–DR isotype. Exosomes released by islets treated with WA contained significantly fewer proinflammatory molecules interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-gamma-induced protein-10, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2. In conclusion, WA treatment not only reduced inflammation but also prolonged allograft survival, possibly through suppression of dendritic cell maturation and T-cell proliferation. WA has the potential to inhibit both the innate and adaptive immune response to prolong allograft survival.
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23
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Campanello L, Traver MK, Shroff H, Schaefer BC, Losert W. Signaling through polymerization and degradation: Analysis and simulations of T cell activation mediated by Bcl10. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1007986. [PMID: 34014917 PMCID: PMC8184007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune system serves as a potent and highly specific defense mechanism against pathogen infection. One component of this system, the effector T cell, facilitates pathogen clearance upon detection of specific antigens by the T cell receptor (TCR). A critical process in effector T cell activation is transmission of signals from the TCR to a key transcriptional regulator, NF-κB. The transmission of this signal involves a highly dynamic process in which helical filaments of Bcl10, a key protein constituent of the TCR signaling cascade, undergo competing processes of polymeric assembly and macroautophagy-dependent degradation. Through computational analysis of three-dimensional, super-resolution optical micrographs, we quantitatively characterize TCR-stimulated Bcl10 filament assembly and length dynamics, and demonstrate that filaments become shorter over time. Additionally, we develop an image-based, bootstrap-like resampling method that demonstrates the preferred association between autophagosomes and both Bcl10-filament ends and punctate-Bcl10 structures, implying that autophagosome-driven macroautophagy is directly responsible for Bcl10 filament shortening. We probe Bcl10 polymerization-depolymerization dynamics with a stochastic Monte-Carlo simulation of nucleation-limited filament assembly and degradation, and we show that high probabilities of filament nucleation in response to TCR engagement could provide the observed robust, homogeneous, and tunable response dynamic. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the speed of filament disassembly preferentially at filament ends provides effective regulatory control. Taken together, these data suggest that Bcl10 filament growth and degradation act as an excitable system that provides a digital response mechanism and the reliable timing critical for T cell activation and regulatory processes. The immune system serves to protect organisms against pathogen-mediated disease. While a strong immune response is needed to eliminate pathogens in host organisms, immune responses that are too robust or too persistent can trigger autoimmune disorders, cancer, and a variety of additional serious human pathologies. Thus, a careful balance of activating and inhibitory mechanisms is necessary to prevent detrimental health outcomes of immune responses. For example, activated effector T cells marshal the immune response and direct killing of pathogen-infected cells; however, effector T cells that are chronically activated can damage and destroy healthy tissue. Here, we study an important internal activation pathway in effector T cells that involves the growth and counterbalancing disassembly (involving a process called macroautophagy) of filamentous cytoplasmic signaling structures. We utilize image analysis of 3-D super-resolution images and Monte Carlo simulations to study a key signal-transduction protein, Bcl10. We found that the speed of filament disassembly has the greatest effect on the magnitude and duration of the response, implying that pharmaceutical interventions aimed at macroautophagy may have substantial impact on effector T cell function. Given that filamentous structures are utilized in numerous immune signaling pathways, our analysis methods could have broad applicability in the signal transduction field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Campanello
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maria K. Traver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hari Shroff
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Laboratory of High-Resolution Optical Imaging, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian C. Schaefer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BCS); (WL)
| | - Wolfgang Losert
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BCS); (WL)
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24
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Zinatizadeh MR, Schock B, Chalbatani GM, Zarandi PK, Jalali SA, Miri SR. The Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB) signaling in cancer development and immune diseases. Genes Dis 2021; 8:287-297. [PMID: 33997176 PMCID: PMC8093649 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) family of transcription factors plays an essential role as stressors in the cellular environment, and controls the expression of important regulatory genes such as immunity, inflammation, death, and cell proliferation. NF-kB protein is located in the cytoplasm, and can be activated by various cellular stimuli. There are two pathways for NF-kB activation, as the canonical and non-canonical pathways, which require complex molecular interactions with adapter proteins and phosphorylation and ubiquitinase enzymes. Accordingly, this increases NF-kB translocation in the nucleus and regulates gene expression. In this study, the concepts that emerge in different cellular systems allow the design of NF-kB function in humans. This would not only allow the development for rare diseases associated with NF-kB, but would also be used as a source of useful information to eliminate widespread consequences such as cancer or inflammatory/immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Schock
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1336616357, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1336616357, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Amir Jalali
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1336616357, Iran
| | - Seyed Rouhollah Miri
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1336616357, Iran
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25
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Lee HS, Kim EN, Kim GR, Jeong GS. Persimmon leaf extract protects mice from atopic dermatitis by inhibiting T cell activation via regulation of the JNK pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2545-2556. [PMID: 33401337 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Persimmon leaf extracts (PLE) have been widely used as a traditional medicine in East Asian countries. The effects of persimmon leaves, including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hypotensive, and anti-allergy effects, have been investigated; however, there is little evidence on the inhibition of T cell activation in vitro and effects on T cell-related diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), in vivo by persimmon leaves. PLE (50 μg/mL) effectively attenuated the mRNA levels of IL-2 in Jurkat T cells stimulated with PMA/A23187 and Staphylococcus enterotoxin E-loaded Raji B cells without causing cytotoxicity. In Jurkat T cells stimulated with PMA/A23187, treatment with 50 μg/mL PLE blocked the translocation of p65 and IκBα degradation. Moreover, the JNK signaling pathway in Jurkat T cells stimulated with PMA/A23187 was affected by treatment with PLE. The oral administration of PLE markedly attenuated AD manifestations in mice, including ear thickness, IgE levels, and lymph node sizes. These results indicate PLE significantly blocked T cell activation via NF-κB signaling and the JNK pathway. This suggests underlying mechanisms of PLE involving the control of effector cytokines produced by activated T cells in ear tissue and lymph nodes, as well as the infiltration of mast cells and the therapeutic potential of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ga-Ram Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
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26
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Novel Mutations in a Lethal Case of Lymphomatous Adult T Cell Lymphoma with Cryptic Myocardial Involvement. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:818-824. [PMID: 33562071 PMCID: PMC7985755 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The autopsy of a 65-year-old diabetic African American male revealed significant left myocardial involvement by adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) despite normal pre-mortem fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Due to pre-existing diabetic cardiomyopathy with reduced ejection fraction (EF) and compatible imaging studies, cardiac lymphomatous involvement was not suspected. While peripheral blood was negative for leukemia, next-generation sequencing of a lymph node revealed at least eight novel mutations (AXIN1, R712Q, BARD1 R749K, CTNNB1 I315V, CUX1 P102T, DNMT3A S199R, FGFR2 S431L, LRP1B Y2560C and STAG2 I771M). These findings underscore a diagnostic pitfall in a rare lymphomatous variant of ATLL infiltrating myocardium and contribute to its molecular characterization.
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27
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Pinto TNC, Fernandes JR, Arruda LB, Duarte AJDS, Benard G. Cost-Effective Trap qPCR Approach to Evaluate Telomerase Activity: an Important Tool for Aging, Cancer, and Chronic Disease Research. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e2432. [PMID: 33567048 PMCID: PMC7847253 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Telomeres are a terminal "DNA cap" that prevent chromosomal fusion and degradation. However, aging is inherent to life, and so is the loss of terminal sequences. Telomerase is a specialized reverse transcriptase encoded by self-splicing introns that counteract chromosome erosion. Telomerase activity is observed during early embryonic development, but after the blastocyst stage, the expression of telomerase reduces. The consequences of either insufficient or unrestrained telomerase activity underscore the importance of ongoing studies aimed at elucidating the regulation of telomerase activity in humans. In the present study, we aimed to standardize a simplified telomerase repeat-amplification protocol (TRAP) assay to detect telomerase activity in unstimulated and PHA-stimulated mononuclear cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Our optimized qPCR-based can efficiently evaluate telomerase activity. Quantification of protein and DNA between unstimulated and PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed cellular activation and cell-cycle entry. The assay also showed that relative telomerase activity is significantly different between these two conditions, supporting the applicability of the assay. Furthermore, our findings corroborated that telomerase activity decreases with age. CONCLUSIONS Telomeres and telomerase are implicated in aging and development of chronic diseases and cancer; however, difficulty in accessing commercial kits to investigate these aspects is a critical constraint in health surveillance studies. Our optimized assay was successfully used to differentiate telomerase activity between unstimulated and stimulated cells, clearly showing the reactivation of telomerase upon cell activation. This assay is affordable, reproducible, and can be executed in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalyta Nery Carvalho Pinto
- Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias (LIM56), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Juliana Ruiz Fernandes
- Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias (LIM56), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Liã Barbara Arruda
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital Campus, London, University College London, Division of Infection and Immunity, Center for Clinical Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital Campus, LondonUniversity College London UK
| | - Alberto José da Silva Duarte
- Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias (LIM56), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Gil Benard
- Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias (LIM56), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Laboratorio de Micologia Medica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
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28
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Rome KS, Stein SJ, Kurachi M, Petrovic J, Schwartz GW, Mack EA, Uljon S, Wu WW, DeHart AG, McClory SE, Xu L, Gimotty PA, Blacklow SC, Faryabi RB, Wherry EJ, Jordan MS, Pear WS. Trib1 regulates T cell differentiation during chronic infection by restraining the effector program. J Exp Med 2020; 217:133863. [PMID: 32150623 PMCID: PMC7201917 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic infections, the immune response fails to control virus, leading to persistent antigen stimulation and the progressive development of T cell exhaustion. T cell effector differentiation is poorly understood in the context of exhaustion, but targeting effector programs may provide new strategies for reinvigorating T cell function. We identified Tribbles pseudokinase 1 (Trib1) as a central regulator of antiviral T cell immunity, where loss of Trib1 led to a sustained enrichment of effector-like KLRG1+ T cells, enhanced function, and improved viral control. Single-cell profiling revealed that Trib1 restrains a population of KLRG1+ effector CD8 T cells that is transcriptionally distinct from exhausted cells. Mechanistically, we identified an interaction between Trib1 and the T cell receptor (TCR) signaling activator, MALT1, which disrupted MALT1 signaling complexes. These data identify Trib1 as a negative regulator of TCR signaling and downstream function, and reveal a link between Trib1 and effector versus exhausted T cell differentiation that can be targeted to improve antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly S Rome
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sarah J Stein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Makoto Kurachi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jelena Petrovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gregory W Schwartz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ethan A Mack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sacha Uljon
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Winona W Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anne G DeHart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Susan E McClory
- Divisions of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lanwei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Phyllis A Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Stephen C Blacklow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Robert B Faryabi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Martha S Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Warren S Pear
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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29
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Nakayama K, Onishi H, Fujimura A, Imaizumi A, Kawamoto M, Oyama Y, Ichimiya S, Koga S, Fujimoto Y, Nakashima K, Nakamura M. NFκB and TGFβ contribute to the expression of PTPN3 in activated human lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 2020; 358:104237. [PMID: 33137650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (PTPN3), which is upregulated in activated lymphocytes, acts as an immune checkpoint. However, the mechanism by which PTPN3 expression is enhanced in activated lymphocytes is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of PTPN3 expression in activated lymphocytes with a view for developing a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor that suppresses PTPN3. Through the activation process, lymphocytes showed enhanced NFκB activation as well as increased PTPN3 expression. NFκB enhanced proliferation, migration, and cytotoxicity of lymphocytes. Furthermore, NFκB enhanced PTPN3 expression and tyrosine kinase activation. TGFβ reduced PTPN3 expression and NFκB activation in the cancer microenvironment, and suppressed the biological activity of lymphocytes. The results of this study are expected to provide significant implications for improving existing immunotherapy and developing novel immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Nakayama
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideya Onishi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Akiko Fujimura
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Imaizumi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawamoto
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Oyama
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shu Ichimiya
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Koga
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Fujimoto
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kinichi Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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30
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Lee HS, Jeong GS. Salinosporamide A, a Marine-Derived Proteasome Inhibitor, Inhibits T Cell Activation through Regulating Proliferation and the Cell Cycle. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215031. [PMID: 33138297 PMCID: PMC7663257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The appropriate regulation of T cell activity under inflammatory conditions is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis. Salinosporamide A discovered as a self-resistance product from the marine bacterium Salinospora tropica, has been used as a potent proteasome inhibitor (PI). Although PIs have been developed as novel therapeutics for autoimmune diseases, due to their immunosuppressive effect, whether salinosporamide A inhibits T cell activation remains unknown. The current study finds that salinosporamide A is not cytotoxic, but controls T cell proliferation. Results from our cell cycle arrest analysis revealed that salinosporamide A leads to cell cycle arrest and regulates the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases. Under activated conditions, salinosporamide A abrogated T cell activation by T cell receptor-mediated stimulation, in which the production of cytokines was inhibited by pretreatment with salinosporamide A. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the regulation of T cell activation by salinosporamide A is mediated by suppressing the MAPK pathway. Therefore, our results suggest that salinosporamide A effectively suppresses T cell activation through regulating T cell proliferation and the cell cycle and provides great insight into the development of novel therapeutics for autoimmune diseases or graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-580-6649; Fax: +82-53-580-6645
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31
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Schaefer BC. The CBM complex: A growing multiplicity of cellular functions, regulatory mechanisms and connections to human disease. Cell Immunol 2020; 356:104189. [PMID: 32771677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Schaefer
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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32
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Wagh K, Wheatley BA, Traver MK, Hussain I, Schaefer BC, Upadhyaya A. Bcl10 is associated with actin dynamics at the T cell immune synapse. Cell Immunol 2020; 356:104161. [PMID: 32768663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
T cell responses to antigen are initiated by engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR)1, leading to activation of diverse signaling cascades, including an incompletely defined pathway that triggers rapid remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Defects in the control of actin dynamics and organization are associated with several human immunodeficiency diseases, emphasizing the importance of cytoskeletal remodeling in the functioning of the adaptive immune system. Here, we investigate the role of the adaptor protein Bcl102 in the control of actin dynamics. Although Bcl10 is primarily known as a component of the pathway connecting the TCR to activation of the NF-κB3 transcription factor, a few studies have implicated Bcl10 in antigen receptor-dependent control of actin polymerization and F-actin-dependent functional responses. However, the role of Bcl10 in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics remains largely undefined. To investigate the contribution of Bcl10 in the regulation of TCR-dependent cytoskeletal dynamics, we monitored actin dynamics at the immune synapse of primary murine CD8 effector T cells. Quantification of these dynamics reveals two distinct temporal phases distinguished by differences in speed and directionality. Our results indicate that effector CD8 T cells lacking Bcl10 display faster actin flows and more dynamic lamellipodia, compared to wild-type cells. These studies define a role for Bcl10 in TCR-dependent actin dynamics, emphasizing that Bcl10 has important cytoskeleton-directed functions that are likely independent of its role in transmission of NF-κB -activating signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Wagh
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brittany A Wheatley
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Maria K Traver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Imran Hussain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Brian C Schaefer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Arpita Upadhyaya
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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33
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Ali HS, Boshra MS, El Meteini MS, Shafei AES, Matboli M. lncRNA- RP11-156p1.3, novel diagnostic and therapeutic targeting via CRISPR/Cas9 editing in hepatocellular carcinoma. Genomics 2020; 112:3306-3314. [PMID: 32544548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We aim to characterize the expression of RNA panel in HCC. We assessed the expression of HCC-associated mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA network by real time PCR in sera and tissue samples. In a proof-of-principle approach, CRISPR cas9 mediated knock out for lncRNA- RP11-156p1.3 was performed in HEPG2 cell line to validate the role of the chosen RNA in HCC pathogenesis. The differential expression of RFTN1 mRNA, lncRNA- RP11-156p1.3 and miRNA-4764-5p was statistically different among the studied groups. After CRISPR cas9 mediated knockout of lncRNA- RP11-156p1.3 in HEPG2 cells, there was significant decrease in cell count and viability with reversal of the expression of the chosen RNAs. The chosen RNAs play a significant role in HCC pathogenesis and may be potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatalla Said Ali
- The department of medicinal biochemistry and molecular biology, The school of Medicine, University of Ain Shams, Egypt
| | - Mariam Sameh Boshra
- The department of medicinal biochemistry and molecular biology, The school of Medicine, University of Ain Shams, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Shawky El Meteini
- Department of General Surgery, the school of Medicine, University of Ain Shams, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa Matboli
- The department of medicinal biochemistry and molecular biology, The school of Medicine, University of Ain Shams, Egypt.
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34
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Sharma M, Zhang S, Niu L, Lewinsohn DM, Zhang X, Huang S. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Develop an Innate-Like Transcriptomic Program in Anti-mycobacterial Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1136. [PMID: 32582206 PMCID: PMC7295940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional T cells exhibit a delayed response to the initial priming of peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Unlike conventional T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells quickly respond to non-peptidic metabolite antigens presented by MHC-related protein 1 (MR1). To elucidate the MR1-dependent activation program of MAIT cells in response to mycobacterial infections, we determined the surface markers, transcriptomic profiles, and effector responses of activated human MAIT cells. Results revealed that mycobacterial-incubated antigen-presenting cells stimulated abundant human CD8+ MAIT cells to upregulate the co-expression of CD69 and CD26, as a combinatorial activation marker. Further transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that CD69+CD26++ CD8+MAIT cells highly expressed numerous genes for mediating anti-mycobacterial immune responses, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, cytolytic molecules, NK cell receptors, and transcription factors, in contrast to inactivated counterparts CD69+/−CD26+/− CD8+MAIT cells. Gene co-expression, enrichment, and pathway analyses yielded high statistical significance to strongly support that activated CD8+ MAIT cells shared gene expression and numerous pathways with NK and CD8+ T cells in activation, cytokine production, cytokine signaling, and effector functions. Flow cytometry detected that activated CD8+MAIT cells produced TNFα, IFNγ, and granulysin to inhibit mycobacterial growth and fight mycobacterial infection. Together, results strongly support that the combinatorial activation marker CD69+CD26++ labels the activated CD8+MAIT cells that develop an innate-like activation program in anti-mycobacterial immune responses. We speculate that the rapid production of anti-mycobacterial effector molecules facilitates MAIT cells to fight early mycobacterial infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Shuangmin Zhang
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Liang Niu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - David M Lewinsohn
- Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Genomics, Epigenomics and Sequencing Core, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Shouxiong Huang
- Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Immunobiology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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35
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Conley JM, Gallagher MP, Rao A, Berg LJ. Activation of the Tec Kinase ITK Controls Graded IRF4 Expression in Response to Variations in TCR Signal Strength. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:335-345. [PMID: 32493815 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
TCR signal strength is critical for CD8+ T cell clonal expansion after Ag stimulation. Levels of the transcription factor IRF4 control the magnitude of this process through the induction of genes involved in proliferation and glycolytic metabolism. The signaling mechanism connecting graded TCR signaling to the generation of varying amounts of IRF4 is not well understood. In this study, we show that Ag potency regulates the kinetics but not the magnitude of NFAT1 activation in single mouse CD8+ T cells. Consequently, T cells that transduce weaker TCR signals exhibit a marked delay in Irf4 mRNA induction, resulting in decreased overall IRF4 expression in individual cells and increased heterogeneity within the clonal population. We further show that the activity of the tyrosine kinase ITK acts as a signaling catalyst that accelerates the rate of the cellular response to TCR stimulation, controlling the time to onset of Irf4 gene transcription. These findings provide insight into the function of ITK in TCR signal transduction that ultimately regulates IRF4 expression levels in response to variations in TCR signal strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Conley
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael P Gallagher
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Anjana Rao
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute, San Diego, CA 92037; and.,Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Leslie J Berg
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045; .,Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
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36
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Bhattacharyya ND, Feng CG. Regulation of T Helper Cell Fate by TCR Signal Strength. Front Immunol 2020; 11:624. [PMID: 32508803 PMCID: PMC7248325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are critical in orchestrating protective immune responses to cancer and an array of pathogens. The interaction between a peptide MHC (pMHC) complex on antigen presenting cells (APCs) and T cell receptors (TCRs) on T cells initiates T cell activation, division, and clonal expansion in secondary lymphoid organs. T cells must also integrate multiple T cell-intrinsic and extrinsic signals to acquire the effector functions essential for the defense against invading microbes. In the case of T helper cell differentiation, while innate cytokines have been demonstrated to shape effector CD4+ T lymphocyte function, the contribution of TCR signaling strength to T helper cell differentiation is less understood. In this review, we summarize the signaling cascades regulated by the strength of TCR stimulation. Various mechanisms in which TCR signal strength controls T helper cell expansion and differentiation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan D Bhattacharyya
- Immunology and Host Defense Group, Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carl G Feng
- Immunology and Host Defense Group, Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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37
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Ma CY, Marioni JC, Griffiths GM, Richard AC. Stimulation strength controls the rate of initiation but not the molecular organisation of TCR-induced signalling. eLife 2020; 9:e53948. [PMID: 32412411 PMCID: PMC7308083 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of naïve T cells with different TCRs may interact with a peptide-MHC ligand, but very few will activate. Remarkably, this fine control is orchestrated using a limited set of intracellular machinery. It remains unclear whether changes in stimulation strength alter the programme of signalling events leading to T cell activation. Using mass cytometry to simultaneously measure multiple signalling pathways during activation of murine CD8+ T cells, we found a programme of distal signalling events that is shared, regardless of the strength of TCR stimulation. Moreover, the relationship between transcription of early response genes Nr4a1 and Irf8 and activation of the ribosomal protein S6 is also conserved across stimuli. Instead, we found that stimulation strength dictates the rate with which cells initiate signalling through this network. These data suggest that TCR-induced signalling results in a coordinated activation program, modulated in rate but not organization by stimulation strength.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/metabolism
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Ovalbumin/pharmacology
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/agonists
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Single-Cell Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Y Ma
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - John C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Gillian M Griffiths
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Arianne C Richard
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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38
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Gain-of-function mutations in CARD11 promote enhanced aggregation and idiosyncratic signalosome assembly. Cell Immunol 2020; 353:104129. [PMID: 32473470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BENTA (B cell Expansion with NF-κB and T cell Anergy) is a novel lymphoproliferative disorder caused by germline, gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the lymphocyte-restricted scaffolding protein CARD11. Similar somatic CARD11 mutations are found in lymphoid malignancies such as diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Normally, antigen receptor (AgR) engagement converts CARD11 into an active conformation that nucleates a signalosome required for IκB kinase (IKK) activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. However, GOF CARD11 mutants drive constitutive NF-κB activity without AgR stimulation. Here we show that unlike wild-type CARD11, GOF CARD11 mutants can form large, peculiar cytosolic protein aggregates we term mCADS (mutant CARD11 dependent shells). MALT1 and phospho-IKK are reliably colocalized with mCADS, indicative of active signaling. Moreover, endogenous mCADS are detectable in ABC-DLBCL lines harboring similar GOF CARD11 mutations. The unique aggregation potential of GOF CARD11 mutants may represent a novel therapeutic target for treating BENTA or DLBCL.
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39
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Coleman MF, Cozzo AJ, Pfeil AJ, Etigunta SK, Hursting SD. Cell Intrinsic and Systemic Metabolism in Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040852. [PMID: 32244756 PMCID: PMC7225951 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has shown extraordinary promise at treating cancers otherwise resistant to treatment. However, for ICI therapy to be effective, it must overcome the metabolic limitations of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor metabolism has long been understood to be highly dysregulated, with potent immunosuppressive effects. Moreover, T cell activation and longevity within the tumor microenvironment are intimately tied to T cell metabolism and are required for the long-term efficacy of ICI therapy. We discuss in this review the intersection of metabolic competition in the tumor microenvironment, T cell activation and metabolism, the roles of tumor cell metabolism in immune evasion, and the impact of host metabolism in determining immune surveillance and ICI therapy outcomes. We also discussed the effects of obesity and calorie restriction—two important systemic metabolic perturbations that impact intrinsic metabolic pathways in T cells as well as cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Alyssa J. Cozzo
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Alexander J. Pfeil
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Suhas K. Etigunta
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; (M.F.C.); (A.J.C.); (A.J.P.); (S.K.E.)
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
- Correspondence:
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40
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Best S, Lam V, Liu T, Bruss N, Kittai A, Danilova OV, Murray S, Berger A, Pennock ND, Lind EF, Danilov AV. Immunomodulatory effects of pevonedistat, a NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia-derived T cells. Leukemia 2020; 35:156-168. [PMID: 32203139 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Novel targeted agents used in therapy of lymphoid malignancies, such as inhibitors of B-cell receptor-associated kinases, are recognized to have complex immune-mediated effects. NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) has been identified as a tractable target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We and others have shown that pevonedistat (TAK-924), a small-molecule inhibitor of NAE, abrogates NF-κB signaling in malignant B cells. However, NF-κB pathway activity is indispensable in immune response, and T-cell function is altered in patients with CLL. Using T cells derived from patients with CLL, we demonstrate that although targeting NAE results in markedly differential expression of NF-κB-regulated genes and downregulation of interleukin (IL)-2 signaling during T-cell activation, T cells evade apoptosis. Meanwhile, NAE inhibition favorably modulates polarization of T cells in vitro, with decreased Treg differentiation and a shift toward TH1 phenotype, accompanied by increased interferon-γ production. These findings were recapitulated in vivo in immunocompetent mouse models. T cells exposed to pevonedistat in washout experiments, informed by its human pharmacokinetic profile, recover NAE activity, and maintain their response to T-cell receptor stimulation and cytotoxic potential. Our data shed light on the potential immune implications of targeting neddylation in CLL and lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Best
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Vi Lam
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tingting Liu
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nur Bruss
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Adam Kittai
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Olga V Danilova
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan D Pennock
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Evan F Lind
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alexey V Danilov
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA. .,City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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41
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Ono M. Control of regulatory T-cell differentiation and function by T-cell receptor signalling and Foxp3 transcription factor complexes. Immunology 2020; 160:24-37. [PMID: 32022254 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Foxp3 controls the differentiation and function of regulatory T-cells (Treg). Studies in the past decades identified numerous Foxp3-interacting protein partners. However, it is still not clear how Foxp3 produces the Treg-type transcriptomic landscape through cooperating with its partners. Here I show the current understanding of how Foxp3 transcription factor complexes regulate the differentiation, maintenance and functional maturation of Treg. Importantly, T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling plays central roles in Treg differentiation and Foxp3-mediated gene regulation. Differentiating Treg will have recognized their cognate antigens and received TCR signals before initiating Foxp3 transcription, which is triggered by TCR-induced transcription factors including NFAT, AP-1 and NF-κB. Once expressed, Foxp3 seizes TCR signal-induced transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms through interacting with AML1/Runx1 and NFAT. Thus, Foxp3 modifies gene expression dynamics of TCR-induced genes, which constitute cardinal mechanisms for Treg-mediated immune suppression. Next, I discuss the following key topics, proposing new mechanistic models for Foxp3-mediated gene regulation: (i) how Foxp3 transcription is induced and maintained by the Foxp3-inducing enhanceosome and the Foxp3 autoregulatory transcription factor complex; (ii) molecular mechanisms for effector Treg differentiation (i.e. Treg maturation); (iii) how Foxp3 activates or represses its target genes through recruiting coactivators and corepressors; (iv) the 'decision-making' Foxp3-containing transcription factor complex for Th17 and Treg differentiation; and (v) the roles of post-translational modification in Foxp3 regulation. Thus, this article provides cutting-edge understanding of molecular biology of Foxp3 and Treg, integrating findings by biochemical and genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ono
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
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42
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Urbano PCM, He X, van Heeswijk B, Filho OPS, Tijssen H, Smeets RL, Joosten I, Koenen HJPM. TNFα-Signaling Modulates the Kinase Activity of Human Effector Treg and Regulates IL-17A Expression. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3047. [PMID: 32038615 PMCID: PMC6986271 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of regulatory T cells CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ (Treg) stability is vital for proper Treg function and controlling the immune equilibrium. Treg cells are heterogeneous and can reveal plasticity, exemplified by their potential to express IL-17A. TNFα-TNFR2 signaling controls IL-17A expression in conventional T cells via the anti-inflammatory ubiquitin-editing and kinase activity regulating enzyme TNFAIP3/A20 (tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 3). To obtain a molecular understanding of TNFα signaling on IL-17 expression in the human effector (effTreg, CD25highCD45RA−) Treg subset, we here studied the kinome activity regulation by TNFα signaling. Using FACS-sorted naïve (naïveTreg, CD25highCD45RA+) and effTreg subsets, we demonstrated a reciprocal relationship between TNFα and IL-17A expression; effTreg (TNFαlow/IL-17Ahigh) and naïveTreg (TNFαhigh/IL-17Alow). In effTreg, TNFα-TNFR2 signaling prevented IL-17A expression, whereas inhibition of TNFα signaling by clinically applied anti-TNF antibodies led to increased IL-17A expression. Inhibition of TNFα signaling led to reduced TNFAIP3 expression, which, by using siRNA inhibition of TNFAIP3, appeared causally linked to increased IL-17A expression in effTreg. Kinome activity screening of CD3/CD28-activated effTreg revealed that anti-TNF-mediated neutralization led to increased kinase activity. STRING association analysis revealed that the TNF suppression effTreg kinase activity network was strongly associated with kinases involved in TCR, JAK, MAPK, and PKC pathway signaling. Small-molecule-based inhibition of TCR and JAK pathways prevented the IL-17 expression in effTreg. Together, these findings stress the importance of TNF-TNFR2 in regulating the kinase architecture of antigen-activated effTreg and controlling IL-17 expression of the human Treg. These findings might be relevant for optimizing anti-TNF-based therapy and may aid in preventing Treg plasticity in case of Treg-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo C M Urbano
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Xuehui He
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bennie van Heeswijk
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Omar P S Filho
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Henk Tijssen
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ruben L Smeets
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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43
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Adkins BD, Ramos JC, Bliss-Moreau M, Gru AA. Updates in lymph node and skin pathology of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, biomarkers, and beyond. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020; 37:1-10. [PMID: 31889601 PMCID: PMC7668393 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with the human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) infection. ATLL predominantly affects individuals within HTLV-1 endemic areas such as Japan, areas of Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. HTLV-1 preferentially infects CD4+ T-cells, and several genetic hits must occur before ATLL develops. ATLL is classically divided into four clinical variants based on manifestations of disease: acute, chronic, lymphomatous, and smouldering. As of 2019, a new subtype has been described: lymphoma type of ATL, extranodal primary cutaneous. In this review, emphasis will be taken to describe the common clinicopathologic manifestations of the disease, advances in biomarker discovery, mutational landscape and targeted therapeutic approaches to treat this highly aggressive and frequently lethal type of T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Adkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Juan C Ramos
- Division of Hematology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Meghan Bliss-Moreau
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Alejandro A Gru
- Pathology & Dermatology, Hematopathology and Dermatopathology Sections, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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44
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Li M, Chen Y, Yao J, Lu S, Guan Y, Xu Y, Liu Q, Sun S, Mi Q, Mei J, Li X, Miao M, Zhao S, Zhu Z. Genome-Wide Association Study of Smoking Behavior Traits in a Chinese Han Population. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:564239. [PMID: 33033484 PMCID: PMC7509597 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.564239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use is one of the leading causes of preventable disease worldwide. Genetic studies have elucidated numerous smoking-associated risk loci in American and European populations. However, genetic determinants for cigarette smoking in Chinese populations are under investigated. In this study, a whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed in a Chinese Han population comprising 620 smokers and 564 nonsmokers. Thirteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the raftlin lipid linker 1 (RFTN1) gene achieved genome-wide significance levels (P < 5 x 10-8) for smoking initiation. The rs139753473 from RFTN1 and six other suggestively significant loci from CUB and sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) gene were also associated with cigarettes per day (CPD) in an independent Chinese sample consisting of 1,329 subjects (805 smokers and 524 nonsmokers). When treating males separately, associations between smoking initiation and PCAT5/ANKRD30A, two genes involved in cancer development, were identified and replicated. Within RFTN1, two haplotypes (i.e., C-A-C-G and A-G-T-C) formed by rs796812630-rs796584733-rs796349027-rs879511366 and three haplotypes (i.e., T-T-C-C-C, T-T-A-T-T, and C-A-A-T-T) formed by rs879401109-rs879453873-rs75180423-rs541378415-rs796757175 were strongly associated with smoking initiation. In addition, we also revealed two haplotypes (i.e., C-A-G-G and T-C-T-T derived from rs4875371-rs4875372-rs17070935-rs11991366) in the CSMD1 gene showing a significant association with smoking initiation. Further bioinformatics functional assessment suggested that RFTN1 may participate in smoking behavior through modulating immune responses or interactions with the glucocorticoid receptor alpha and the androgen receptor. Together, our results may help understand the mechanisms underlying smoking behavior in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Sheming Lu
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Yuqiong Xu
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Hangzhou Global Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Silong Sun
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Qili Mi
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Junpu Mei
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Mingming Miao
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Shancen Zhao
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
| | - Zhouhai Zhu
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming, China
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45
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Owen KL, Brockwell NK, Parker BS. JAK-STAT Signaling: A Double-Edged Sword of Immune Regulation and Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2002. [PMID: 31842362 PMCID: PMC6966445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling mediates almost all immune regulatory processes, including those that are involved in tumor cell recognition and tumor-driven immune escape. Antitumor immune responses are largely driven by STAT1 and STAT2 induction of type I and II interferons (IFNs) and the downstream programs IFNs potentiate. Conversely, STAT3 has been widely linked to cancer cell survival, immunosuppression, and sustained inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. The discovery of JAK-STAT cross-regulatory mechanisms, post-translational control, and non-canonical signal transduction has added a new level of complexity to JAK-STAT governance over tumor initiation and progression. Endeavors to better understand the vast effects of JAK-STAT signaling on antitumor immunity have unearthed a wide range of targets, including oncogenes, miRNAs, and other co-regulatory factors, which direct specific phenotypical outcomes subsequent to JAK-STAT stimulation. Yet, the rapidly expanding field of therapeutic developments aimed to resolve JAK-STAT aberrations commonly reported in a multitude of cancers has been marred by off-target effects. Here, we discuss JAK-STAT biology in the context of immunity and cancer, the consequences of pathway perturbations and current therapeutic interventions, to provide insight and consideration for future targeting innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L. Owen
- Cancer Immunology and Therapeutics Programs, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Natasha K. Brockwell
- Cancer Immunology and Therapeutics Programs, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Belinda S. Parker
- Cancer Immunology and Therapeutics Programs, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC, Parkville 3052, Australia
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46
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Wang Z, Hutcherson SM, Yang C, Jattani RP, Tritapoe JM, Yang YK, Pomerantz JL. Coordinated regulation of scaffold opening and enzymatic activity during CARD11 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14648-14660. [PMID: 31391255 PMCID: PMC6779434 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of key signaling pathways downstream of antigen receptor engagement is critically required for normal lymphocyte activation during the adaptive immune response. CARD11 is a multidomain signaling scaffold protein required for antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and mTOR. Germline mutations in the CARD11 gene result in at least four types of primary immunodeficiency, and somatic CARD11 gain-of-function mutations drive constitutive NF-κB activity in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and other lymphoid cancers. In response to antigen receptor triggering, CARD11 transitions from a closed, inactive state to an open, active scaffold that recruits multiple signaling partners into a complex to relay downstream signaling. However, how this signal-induced CARD11 conversion occurs remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the role of Inducible Element 1 (IE1), a short regulatory element in the CARD11 Inhibitory Domain, in the CARD11 signaling cycle. We find that IE1 controls the signal-dependent Opening Step that makes CARD11 accessible to the binding of cofactors, including Bcl10, MALT1, and the HOIP catalytic subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Surprisingly, we find that IE1 is also required at an independent step for the maximal activation of HOIP and MALT1 enzymatic activity after cofactor recruitment to CARD11. This role of IE1 reveals that there is an Enzymatic Activation Step in the CARD11 signaling cycle that is distinct from the Cofactor Association Step. Our results indicate that CARD11 has evolved to actively coordinate scaffold opening and the induction of enzymatic activity among recruited cofactors during antigen receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoquan Wang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Shelby M Hutcherson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Rakhi P Jattani
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Julia M Tritapoe
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Yong-Kang Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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47
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Llavero F, Arrazola Sastre A, Luque Montoro M, Martín MA, Arenas J, Lucia A, Zugaza JL. Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily and glycogen phosphorylase regulation in T cells. Small GTPases 2019; 12:106-113. [PMID: 31512989 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2019.1665968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small GTPases, together with their regulatory and effector molecules, are key intermediaries in the complex signalling pathways that control almost all cellular processes, working as molecular switches to transduce extracellular cues into cellular responses that drive vital functions, such as intracellular transport, biomolecule synthesis, gene activation and cell survival. How all of these networks are linked to metabolic pathways is a subject of intensive study. Because any response to cellular action requires some form of energy input, elucidating how cells coordinate the signals that lead to a tangible response involving metabolism is central to understand cellular activities. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of the crosstalk between small GTPases of the Ras superfamily, specifically Rac1 and Ras/Rap1, and glycogen phosphorylase in T lymphocytes. Abbreviations: ADCY: adenylyl cyclase; ADCY6: adenylyl cyclase 6; BCR: B cell receptor; cAMP: 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CRIB: Cdc42/Rac binding domain; DLPFC: dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; Epac2: exchange protein directly activated by cAMP; GDP: guanodine-5'-diphosphate; GPCRs: G protein-coupled receptors; GTP: guanodin-5'-triphosphate; IL2: interleukin 2; IL2-R: interleukin 2 receptor; JAK: janus kinases; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; O-GlcNAc: O-glycosylation; PAK1: p21 activated kinase 1; PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PK: phosphorylase kinase; PKA: cAMP-dependent protein kinase A; PKCθ: protein kinase Cθ; PLCγ: phospholipase Cγ; Src: proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase c; STAT: signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Llavero
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Alazne Arrazola Sastre
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain
| | - Miriam Luque Montoro
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- Enfermedades Raras, Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares., Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12) , Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Enfermedades Raras, Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares., Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12) , Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid , Madrid, Spain.,Enfermedades Raras, Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares., Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12) , Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBER FES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Zugaza
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV/EHU , Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao, Spain
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48
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Hawiger J, Zienkiewicz J. Decoding inflammation, its causes, genomic responses, and emerging countermeasures. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12812. [PMID: 31378956 PMCID: PMC6883124 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the mechanism of diseases caused by microbial, autoimmune, allergic, metabolic and physical insults that produce distinct types of inflammatory responses. This aetiologic view of inflammation informs its classification based on a cause‐dependent mechanism as well as a cause‐directed therapy and prevention. The genomic era ushered in a new understanding of inflammation by highlighting the cell's nucleus as the centre of the inflammatory response. Exogenous or endogenous inflammatory insults evoke genomic responses in immune and non‐immune cells. These genomic responses depend on transcription factors, which switch on and off a myriad of inflammatory genes through their regulatory networks. We discuss the transcriptional paradigm of inflammation based on denying transcription factors’ access to the nucleus. We present two approaches that control proinflammatory signalling to the nucleus. The first approach constitutes a novel intracellular protein therapy with bioengineered physiologic suppressors of cytokine signalling. The second approach entails control of proinflammatory transcriptional cascades by targeting nuclear transport with a cell‐penetrating peptide that inhibits the expression of 23 out of the 26 mediators of inflammation along with the nine genes required for metabolic responses. We compare these emerging anti‐inflammatory countermeasures to current therapies. The transcriptional paradigm of inflammation offers nucleocentric strategies for microbial, autoimmune, metabolic, physical and other types of inflammation afflicting millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Hawiger
- Immunotherapy Program at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jozef Zienkiewicz
- Immunotherapy Program at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN, USA
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49
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Chen EW, Tay NQ, Brzostek J, Gascoigne NRJ, Rybakin V. A Dual Inhibitor of Cdc7/Cdk9 Potently Suppresses T Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1718. [PMID: 31402912 PMCID: PMC6670834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell activation is mediated by signaling pathways originating from the T cell receptor (TCR). Propagation of signals downstream of the TCR involves a cascade of numerous kinases, some of which have yet to be identified. Through a screening strategy that we have previously introduced, PHA-767491, an inhibitor of the kinases Cdc7 and Cdk9, was identified to impede TCR signaling. PHA-767491 suppressed several T cell activation phenomena, including the expression of activation markers, proliferation, and effector functions. We also observed a defect in TCR signaling pathways upon PHA-767491 treatment. Inhibition of Cdc7/Cdk9 impairs T cell responses, which could potentially be detrimental for the immune response to tumors, and also compromises the ability to resist infections. The Cdc7/Cdk9 inhibitor is a strong candidate as a cancer therapeutic, but its effect on the immune system poses a problem for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah W Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neil Q Tay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Immunology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanna Brzostek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Immunology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vasily Rybakin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Rodríguez-Jorge O, Kempis-Calanis LA, Abou-Jaoudé W, Gutiérrez-Reyna DY, Hernandez C, Ramirez-Pliego O, Thomas-Chollier M, Spicuglia S, Santana MA, Thieffry D. Cooperation between T cell receptor and Toll-like receptor 5 signaling for CD4 + T cell activation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/577/eaar3641. [PMID: 30992399 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar3641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells recognize antigens through their T cell receptors (TCRs); however, additional signals involving costimulatory receptors, for example, CD28, are required for proper T cell activation. Alternative costimulatory receptors have been proposed, including members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, such as TLR5 and TLR2. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying a potential costimulatory role for TLR5, we generated detailed molecular maps and logical models for the TCR and TLR5 signaling pathways and a merged model for cross-interactions between the two pathways. Furthermore, we validated the resulting model by analyzing how T cells responded to the activation of these pathways alone or in combination, in terms of the activation of the transcriptional regulators CREB, AP-1 (c-Jun), and NF-κB (p65). Our merged model accurately predicted the experimental results, showing that the activation of TLR5 can play a similar role to that of CD28 activation with respect to AP-1, CREB, and NF-κB activation, thereby providing insights regarding the cross-regulation of these pathways in CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otoniel Rodríguez-Jorge
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, México.,Escuela de Estudios Superiores de Axochiapan, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62951 Axochiapan, México
| | - Linda A Kempis-Calanis
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, México
| | - Wassim Abou-Jaoudé
- Computational System Biology Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Darely Y Gutiérrez-Reyna
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, México
| | - Céline Hernandez
- Computational System Biology Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Oscar Ramirez-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, México
| | - Morgane Thomas-Chollier
- Computational System Biology Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Maria A Santana
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62210 Cuernavaca, México.
| | - Denis Thieffry
- Computational System Biology Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France.
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