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Kaag S, Lorentz A. Effects of Dietary Components on Mast Cells: Possible Use as Nutraceuticals for Allergies? Cells 2023; 12:2602. [PMID: 37998337 PMCID: PMC10670325 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases affect an estimated 30 percent of the world's population. Mast cells (MC) are the key effector cells of allergic reactions by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators such as histamine, lipid mediators, and cytokines/chemokines. Components of the daily diet, including certain fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins, as well as secondary plant components, may have effects on MC and thus may be of interest as nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of allergies. This review summarizes the anti-inflammatory effects of dietary components on MC, including the signaling pathways involved, in in vitro and in vivo models. Butyrate, calcitriol, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, resveratrol, curcumin, and cinnamon extract were the most effective in suppressing the release of preformed and de novo synthesized mediators from MC or in animal models. In randomized controlled trials (RCT), vitamin D, quercetin, O-methylated epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), resveratrol, curcumin, and cinnamon extract improved symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) and reduced the number of inflammatory cells in patients. However, strategies to overcome the poor bioavailability of these nutrients are an important part of current research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Axel Lorentz
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
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2
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Mohammed S, Bindu A, Viswanathan A, Harikumar KB. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling during infection and immunity. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 92:101251. [PMID: 37633365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential components of all eukaryotic membranes. The bioactive sphingolipid molecule, Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P), regulates various important biological functions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of S1P signaling pathway in various immune cell functions under different pathophysiological conditions including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and cancer. We covered the aspects of S1P pathways in NOD/TLR pathways, bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and tumor immunology. This implies that targeting S1P signaling can be used as a strategy to block these pathologies. Our current understanding of targeting various components of S1P signaling for therapeutic purposes and the present status of S1P pathway inhibitors or modulators in disease conditions where the host immune system plays a pivotal role is the primary focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State 695014, India
| | - Anu Bindu
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State 695014, India
| | - Arun Viswanathan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State 695014, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State 695014, India.
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3
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Zhou J, Song Y, Wang X, Li X, Liu C, Tian C, Wang C, Li L, Yan G, Cui H. JTE-013 Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Affecting the RhoA/YAP Pathway and Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1444. [PMID: 37895915 PMCID: PMC10609863 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis may be due to the proliferation of fibroblasts and the aggregation of extracellular matrix, resulting in the stimulation of inflammation damage, destroying lung tissue structure, seriously affecting the patient's respiratory function, and even leading to death. We investigated the role and mechanism of JTE-013 in attenuating bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis was established in mice. Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (MLE-12) were stimulated with sphingosine monophosphate (S1P) in vitro. JTE-013, an S1PR2 (sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2) antagonist, and Verteporfin were administered in vivo and in vitro. IL-4, IL-5, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA. IL-4 and IFN-γ positive cells were detected by flow cytometry. Inhibition of S1PR2 with JTE-013 significantly ameliorated BLM-induced pathological changes and inflammatory cytokine levels. JTE-013 also significantly reduced the expression of RHOA/YAP pathway proteins and mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, apoptosis, and the colocalization of α-SMA with YAP, Drp1, and Tom20, as detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, TUNEL, and Western blot. In vitro, S1PR2 and YAP knockdown downregulated RHOA/YAP pathway protein expression, Drp1 phosphorylation, and Drp1 translocation, promoted YAP phosphorylation and phenotypic transformation of MFN2, and inhibited the up-regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species production, and cell apoptosis (7.13% vs. 18.14%), protecting the integrity of the mitochondrial dynamics. JTE-013 also inhibited the expression of fibrosis markers α-SMA, MMP-9, and COL1A1, and alleviated the symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusively, JTE-013 has great anti-pulmonary fibrosis potential by regulating RHOA/YAP and mitochondrial fusion/fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Zhou
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Yilan Song
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xingmei Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Xinrui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Chang Liu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Chenchen Tian
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
| | - Chongyang Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Liangchang Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hong Cui
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.S.); (X.W.); (X.L.); (C.L.); (C.W.); (L.L.)
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China;
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Zhang F, Lu Y. The Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Axis: an Emerging Therapeutic Opportunity for Endometriosis. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2040-2059. [PMID: 36662421 PMCID: PMC9857924 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common condition in women of reproductive age, but its current interventions are unsatisfactory. Recent research discovered a dysregulation of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway in endometriosis and showed a positive outcome by targeting it. The S1P axis participates in a series of fundamental pathophysiological processes. This narrative review is trying to expound the reported and putative (due to limited reports in this area for now) interactions between the S1P axis and endometriosis in those pathophysiological processes, to provide some perspectives for future research. In short, S1P signaling pathway is highly activated in the endometriotic lesion. The S1P concentration has a surge in the endometriotic cyst fluid and the peritoneal fluid, with the downstream dysregulation of its receptors. The S1P axis plays an essential role in the migration and activation of the immune cells, fibrosis, angiogenesis, pain-related hyperalgesia, and innervation. S1P receptor (S1PR) modulators showed an impressive therapeutic effect by targeting the different S1P receptors in the endometriosis model, and many other conditions resemble endometriosis. And several of them already got approval for clinical application in many diseases, which means a drug repurposing direction and a rapid clinical translation for endometriosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Rd, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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Carlucci CD, Hui Y, Chumanevich AP, Robida PA, Fuseler JW, Sajish M, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Oskeritzian CA. Resveratrol Protects against Skin Inflammation through Inhibition of Mast Cell, Sphingosine Kinase-1, Stat3 and NF-κB p65 Signaling Activation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6707. [PMID: 37047680 PMCID: PMC10095068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is pathogenic to skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and eczema. Treatment for AD remains mostly symptomatic with newer but costly options, tainted with adverse side effects. There is an unmet need for safe therapeutic and preventative strategies for AD. Resveratrol (R) is a natural compound known for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, animal and human R studies have yielded contrasting results. Mast cells (MCs) are innate immune skin-resident cells that initiate the development of inflammation and progression to overt disease. R's effects on MCs are also controversial. Using a human-like mouse model of AD development consisting of a single topical application of antigen ovalbumin (O) for 7 days, we previously established that the activation of MCs by a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) initiated substantial skin remodeling compared to controls. Here, we show that daily R application normalized O-mediated epidermal thickening, ameliorated cell infiltration, and inhibited skin MC activation and chemokine expression. We unraveled R's multiple mechanisms of action, including decreased activation of the S1P-producing enzyme, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), and of transcription factors Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (Stat3) and NF-κBp65, involved in chemokine production. Thus, R may be poised for protection against MC-driven pathogenic skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Carlucci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Yvonne Hui
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Alena P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Piper A. Robida
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - John W. Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Carole A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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Kleuser B, Bäumer W. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate as Essential Signaling Molecule in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021456. [PMID: 36674974 PMCID: PMC9863039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are crucial molecules of the mammalian epidermis. The formation of skin-specific ceramides contributes to the formation of lipid lamellae, which are important for the protection of the epidermis from excessive water loss and protect the skin from the invasion of pathogens and the penetration of xenobiotics. In addition to being structural constituents of the epidermal layer, sphingolipids are also key signaling molecules that participate in the regulation of epidermal cells and the immune cells of the skin. While the importance of ceramides with regard to the proliferation and differentiation of skin cells has been known for a long time, it has emerged in recent years that the sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is also involved in processes such as the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. In addition, the immunomodulatory role of this sphingolipid species is becoming increasingly apparent. This is significant as S1P mediates a variety of its actions via G-protein coupled receptors. It is, therefore, not surprising that dysregulation in the signaling pathways of S1P is involved in the pathophysiological conditions of skin diseases. In the present review, the importance of S1P in skin cells, as well as the immune cells of the skin, is elaborated. In particular, the role of the molecule in inflammatory skin diseases will be discussed. This is important because interfering with S1P signaling pathways may represent an innovative option for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (W.B.)
| | - Wolfgang Bäumer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Koserstr. 20, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (W.B.)
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Jo H, Shim K, Jeoung D. The Crosstalk between FcεRI and Sphingosine Signaling in Allergic Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213892. [PMID: 36430378 PMCID: PMC9695510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid molecules have recently attracted attention as signaling molecules in allergic inflammation diseases. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is synthesized by two isoforms of sphingosine kinases (SPHK 1 and SPHK2) and is known to be involved in various cellular processes. S1P levels reportedly increase in allergic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and anaphylaxis. FcεRI signaling is necessary for allergic inflammation as it can activate the SPHKs and increase the S1P level; once S1P is secreted, it can bind to the S1P receptors (S1PRs). The role of S1P signaling in various allergic diseases is discussed. Increased levels of S1P are positively associated with asthma and anaphylaxis. S1P can either induce or suppress allergic skin diseases in a context-dependent manner. The crosstalk between FcεRI and S1P/SPHK/S1PRs is discussed. The roles of the microRNAs that regulate the expression of the components of S1P signaling in allergic inflammatory diseases are also discussed. Various reports suggest the role of S1P in FcεRI-mediated mast cell (MC) activation. Thus, S1P/SPHK/S1PRs signaling can be the target for developing anti-allergy drugs.
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Díaz-Perales A, Escribese MM, Garrido-Arandia M, Obeso D, Izquierdo-Alvarez E, Tome-Amat J, Barber D. The Role of Sphingolipids in Allergic Disorders. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:675557. [PMID: 35386967 PMCID: PMC8974723 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.675557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergy is defined as a complex chronic inflammatory condition in which genetic and environmental factors are implicated. Sphingolipids are involved in multiple biological functions, from cell membrane components to critical signaling molecules. To date, sphingolipids have been studied in different human pathologies such as neurological disorders, cancer, autoimmunity, and infections. Sphingolipid metabolites, in particular, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), regulate a diverse range of cellular processes that are important in immunity and inflammation. Moreover, variations in the sphingolipid concentrations have been strongly associated with allergic diseases. This review will focus on the role of sphingolipids in the development of allergic sensitization and allergic inflammation through the activation of immune cells resident in tissues, as well as their role in barrier remodeling and anaphylaxis. The knowledge gained in this emerging field will help to develop new therapeutic options for allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Díaz-Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria M Escribese
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Garrido-Arandia
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Obeso
- Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo-Alvarez
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Tome-Amat
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Barber
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA), Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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Arenas YM, Balzano T, Ivaylova G, Llansola M, Felipo V. The S1PR2‐CCL2‐BDNF‐TrkB pathway mediates neuroinflammation and motor incoordination in hyperammonaemia. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12799. [DOI: 10.1111/nan.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza M. Arenas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - Tiziano Balzano
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - Gergana Ivaylova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - Marta Llansola
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro Investigación Príncipe Felipe Valencia Spain
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Hutami IR, Izawa T, Khurel-Ochir T, Sakamaki T, Iwasa A, Tanaka E. Macrophage Motility in Wound Healing Is Regulated by HIF-1α via S1P Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168992. [PMID: 34445695 PMCID: PMC8396560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the molecular pathways mediating wound healing induce cell migration and localization of cytokines to sites of injury. Macrophages are immune cells that sense and actively respond to disturbances in tissue homeostasis by initiating, and subsequently resolving, inflammation. Hypoxic conditions generated at a wound site also strongly recruit macrophages and affect their function. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a transcription factor that contributes to both glycolysis and the induction of inflammatory genes, while also being critical for macrophage activation. For the latter, HIF-1α regulates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to affect the migration, activation, differentiation, and polarization of macrophages. Recently, S1P and HIF-1α have received much attention, and various studies have been performed to investigate their roles in initiating and resolving inflammation via macrophages. It is hypothesized that the HIF-1α/S1P/S1P receptor axis is an important determinant of macrophage function under inflammatory conditions and during disease pathogenesis. Therefore, in this review, biological regulation of monocytes/macrophages in response to circulating HIF-1α is summarized, including signaling by S1P/S1P receptors, which have essential roles in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islamy Rahma Hutami
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang 50112, Indonesia
| | - Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-6691; Fax: +81-88-235-6694
| | - Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Takuma Sakamaki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Akihiko Iwasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
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11
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Syed M, Kammala AK, Callahan B, Oskeritzian CA, Subramanian H. Lactic acid suppresses MRGPRX2 mediated mast cell responses. Cell Immunol 2021; 368:104422. [PMID: 34399172 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MAS related G-protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in human mast cells that has been implicated to play an important role in causing pseudo-allergic reactions as well as exacerbating inflammation during asthma and other allergic diseases. Lactic acid, a byproduct of glucose metabolism, is abundantly present in inflamed tissues and has been shown to regulate functions of several immune cells. Because the endogenous ligands for MRGPRX2 (substance P and LL-37) are elevated during pathologic conditions, such as cancer and asthma, and given that lactic acid levels are also enhanced in these patients, we explored the role of lactic acid in regulating mast cells response via MRGPRX2 and MrgprB2, the mouse orthologue of the human receptor. We found that lactic acid suppressed both the early (Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation) and late (chemokine/cytokine release) phases of mast cell activation; this data was confirmed in LAD2, human skin and mouse peritoneal mast cells. In LAD2 cells, the reduction in degranulation and chemokine/cytokine production mediated by lactic acid was dependent on pH. In agreement with our in vitro studies, lactic acid also reduced passive systemic anaphylaxis to compound 48/80 (a known MRGPRX2/MrgprB2 ligand) and skin inflammation in a mouse model of rosacea that is dependent on MrgprB2 expression on skin mast cells. Our data thus suggest that lactic acid may serve to inhibit mast cell-mediated inflammation during asthma and reduce immune response during cancer by affecting mast cell activation through MRGPRX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meesum Syed
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Ananth K Kammala
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Brianna Callahan
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
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12
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Robida PA, Chumanevich AP, Gandy AO, Fuseler JW, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Oskeritzian CA. Skin Mast Cell-Driven Ceramides Drive Early Apoptosis in Pre-Symptomatic Eczema in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7851. [PMID: 34360617 PMCID: PMC8346072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD or eczema) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorder worldwide. Ceramides (Cer) maintain skin barrier functions, which are disrupted in lesional skin of AD patients. However, Cer status during the pre-lesional phase of AD is not well defined. Using a variation of human AD-like preclinical model consisting of a 7-day topical exposure to ovalbumin (OVA), or control, we observed elevation of Cer C16 and C24. Skin mRNA quantification of enzymes involved in Cer metabolism [Cer synthases (CerS) and ceramidases (Asah1/Asah2)], which revealed augmented CerS 4, 5 and 6 and Asah1. Given the overall pro-apoptotic nature of Cer, local apoptosis was assessed, then quantified using novel morphometric measurements of cleaved caspase (Casp)-3-restricted immunofluorescence signal in skin samples. Apoptosis was induced in response to OVA. Because apoptosis may occur downstream of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we measured markers of ER stress-induced apoptosis and found elevated skin-associated CHOP protein upon OVA treatment. We previously substantiated the importance of mast cells (MC) in initiating early skin inflammation. OVA-induced Cer increase and local apoptosis were prevented in MC-deficient mice; however, they were restored following MC reconstitution. We propose that the MC/Cer axis is an essential pathogenic feature of pre-lesional AD, whose targeting may prevent disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carole A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (P.A.R.); (A.P.C.); (A.O.G.); (J.W.F.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
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13
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Shadyro O, Samovich S, Edimecheva I, Novitsky R, Khrutskin V, Ihnatovich L, Boreko E, Dubovik B. Potential role of free-radical processes in biomolecules damage during COVID-19 and ways of their regulation. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:745-756. [PMID: 34085882 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1938024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that the development of coronavirus infection (COVID-19), especially in severe cases, is accompanied by hypoxia as a result of several pathological processes: alveolar blood supply disorders, hemolysis, COVID-associated coagulopathy. Under these conditions, the level of reactive oxygen species is increased and it is more likely that free-radical damage to biomolecules is caused by the process of free-radical fragmentation than oxidation. In contrast to the oxidation process, free-radical fragmentation reactions are more effectively inhibited by oxidizing agents than reducing agents. Therefore, the use of substances possessing both reducing and oxidizing properties, such as natural and synthetic quinones, bioflavonoids, curcuminoids, should reduce the probability of biomolecule destruction by oxidation as well as free-radical fragmentation processes.HighlightsCOVID-19 is accompanied by the iron release from the heme and «silent» hypoxiaROS initiate fragmentation reactions of biomolecules under conditions of hypoxiaBlocking of fragmentation process by oxidizers may lead to mitigation of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shadyro
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus.,Research Institute for Physical and Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Svetlana Samovich
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus.,Research Institute for Physical and Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Irina Edimecheva
- Research Institute for Physical and Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Roman Novitsky
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Valery Khrutskin
- Research Institute for Physical and Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Lana Ihnatovich
- Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus.,Research Institute for Physical and Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Eugene Boreko
- The Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Boris Dubovik
- Department of Pharmacology, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
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14
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Tanis RM, Wedman-Robida PA, Chumanevich AP, Fuseler JW, Oskeritzian CA. The mast cell/S1P axis is not linked to pre-lesional male skin remodeling in a mouse model of eczema. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 5:160-174. [PMID: 37885821 PMCID: PMC10602012 DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2021012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD, eczema) is an inflammatory skin condition whose histopathology involves remodeling. Few preclinical AD studies are performed using male mice. The histopathological mechanisms underlying AD development were investigated here in male mice at a pre-lesional stage using a human AD-like mouse model. Hypodermal cellular infiltration without thickening of skin layers was observed after one epicutaneous exposure to antigen ovalbumin (OVA), compared to controls. In contrast to our previous report using female mice, OVA treatment did not activate skin mast cells (MC) or elevate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels while increasing systemic but not local levels of CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5 chemokines. In contrast to the pathogenic AD mechanisms we recently uncovered in female, S1P-mediated skin MC activation with subsequent local chemokine production is not observed in male mice, supporting sex differences in pre-lesional stages of AD. We are proposing that differential involvement of the MC/S1P axis in early pathogenic skin changes contributes to the well documented yet still incompletely understood sex-dimorphic susceptibility to AD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross M. Tanis
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Piper A. Wedman-Robida
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Department of Natural Science, Northwestern Oklahoma State University, Science Building 100-D, 709 Oklahoma Boulevard, Alva, OK 73717, USA
| | - Alena P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - John W. Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Carole A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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15
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Qu SL, Chen L, Wen XS, Zuo JP, Wang XY, Lu ZJ, Yang YF. Suppression of Th17 cell differentiation via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 by cinnamaldehyde can ameliorate ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111116. [PMID: 33341041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is chronic disease characterized by diffuse inflammation of the mucosa of the colon and rectum. Although the etiology is unknown, dysregulation of the intestinal mucosal immune system is closely related to UC. Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a major active compound from cinnamon, is known as its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. However, little research focused on its regulatory function on immune cells in UC. Therefore, we set out to explore the modulating effects of CA on immune cells in UC. We found that CA reduced the progression of colitis through controlling the production of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the proportion of Th17 cells. Furthermore, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was employed for analyzing and differentiating metabolites, data showed that sphingolipid pathway has a great influence on the effect of CA on UC. Meanwhile, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) and Rho-GTP protein levels were downregulated in colonic tissues after CA treatment. Moreover, in vitro assays showed that CA inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and downregulated of S1P2 and Rho-GTP signaling. Notably, we found that treatment with S1P2 antagonist (JTE-013) weakened the inhibitory effect of CA on Th17 cells. Furthermore, S1P2 deficiency (S1P2-/-) blocked the effect of CA on Th17 cell differentiation. In addition, CA can also improve inflammation via lncRNA H19 and MIAT. To sum up, this study provides clear evidence that CA can ameliorate ulcerative colitis through suppressing Th17 cells via S1P2 pathway and regulating lncRNA H19 and MIAT, which further supports S1P2 as a potential drug target for immunity-mediated UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Lan Qu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xue-Shan Wen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zuo
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Yi-Fu Yang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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16
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Choi Y, Kim M, Kim SJ, Yoo H, Kim S, Park H. Metabolic shift favoring C18:0 ceramide accumulation in obese asthma. Allergy 2020; 75:2858-2866. [PMID: 32416622 DOI: 10.1111/all.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity associated with various complications has increased worldwide. Body weight gain alters lipid metabolites (especially sphingolipids) contributing to obesity-induced inflammation. However, the significance of the metabolites in the development of obese asthma is not yet clear. METHODS The serum levels of sphingolipids were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in obese controls (n = 7) and patients with asthma: the obese group (BMI > 25 kg/m2 , n = 13) vs the nonobese (n = 28) group. To examine the relationship between metabolic changes in sphingolipids and macrophage polarization, public microarray data were analyzed. In addition, the alteration in sphingolipid metabolism was investigated in wild-type BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet. RESULTS The obese asthma had higher levels of serum C18:0 and C20:0 ceramides than the nonobese asthma group (P = .028 and P = .040, respectively). The value of the serum C18:0 ceramide (184.3 ng/mL) for discriminating the obese asthma from the nonobese asthma group showed 53.9% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity (AUC = 0.721, P = .024). The microarray data showed significantly increased ceramide synthesis and metabolic shift to ceramide accumulation during M1 macrophage polarization in humans. Increased airway hyperresponsiveness, M1 macrophage polarization, and C18:0 ceramide levels were noted in obese mice, but not in nonobese mice. Increased expression of ceramide synthase (CerS) 1 and CerS6 (not CerS2) was noted in lung tissues of obese mice. CONCLUSION Alteration in sphingolipid metabolism favoring ceramide accumulation (especially long-chain ceramides) may contribute to developing obese asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyun‐Ju Yoo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Seung‐Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
| | - Hae‐Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
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17
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Biliary damage and liver fibrosis are ameliorated in a novel mouse model lacking l-histidine decarboxylase/histamine signaling. J Transl Med 2020; 100:837-848. [PMID: 32054995 PMCID: PMC7286781 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is characterized by biliary damage and fibrosis. Multidrug resistance-2 gene knockout (Mdr2-/-) mice and PSC patients have increased histamine (HA) levels (synthesized by l-histidine decarboxylase, HDC) and HA receptor (HR) expression. Cholestatic HDC-/- mice display ameliorated biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. The current study evaluated the effects of knockout of HDC-/- in Mdr2-/- mice (DKO) on biliary damage and hepatic fibrosis. WT, Mdr2-/- mice, and homozygous DKO mice were used. Selected DKO mice were treated with HA. We evaluated liver damage along with HDC expression and HA serum levels. Changes in ductular reaction were evaluated along with liver fibrosis, inflammation and bile acid signaling pathways. The expression of H1HR/PKC-α/TGF-β1 and H2HR/pERK/VEGF-C was determined. In vitro, cholangiocyte lines were treated with HA with/without H1/H2 inhibitors before measuring: H1/H2HR, TGF-β1, and VEGF-C expression. Knockout of HDC ameliorates hepatic damage, ductular reaction, fibrosis, inflammation, bile acid signaling and H1HR/PKC-α/TGF-β1 and H2HR/pERK/VEGF-C signaling. Reactivation of the HDC/HA axis increased these parameters. In vitro, stimulation with HA increased HR expression and PKC-α, TGF-β1, and VEGF-C expression, which was reduced with HR inhibitors. Our data demonstrate the key role for the HDC/HA axis in the management of PSC progression.
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18
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Jeon M, Lee J, Lee HK, Cho S, Lim JH, Choi Y, Pak S, Jeong HJ. Sulforaphane mitigates mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory reactions in in silico simulation and in vitro models. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:74-83. [PMID: 32041439 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1724141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Sulforaphane, a major ingredient isolated from Brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli), is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects. In this study, we employed an in vitro model of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and a23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1 cells) to investigate the anti-allergic inflammatory effects and mechanisms of sulforaphane and Brassica oleracea var. italica extracts.Methods: Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and quantitative real-time-PCR methods. Caspase-1 activity was determined by caspase-1 assay. Binding mode of sulforaphane within caspase-1 was determined by molecular docking simulation. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting.Results: Water extract of Brassica oleracea var. italica (WE) significantly reduced thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) secretion and caspase-1 activity on activated HMC-1 cells. In the molecular docking simulation and in vitro caspase-1 assays, sulforaphane regulated caspase-1 activity by docking with the identical binding site of caspase-1. Sulforaphane significantly inhibited the levels of inflammatory mediators including TSLP, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoblotting experiments revealed that sulforaphane and WE reduced translocation of NF-κBp65 into the nucleus and phosphorylation of IκBα in the cytosol. Furthermore, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) was down-regulated by treatment with sulforaphane or WE.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that sulforaphane and WE have anti-allergic inflammatory effects by intercepting caspase-1/NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyeon Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Jimin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - SungJun Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Lim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Youngjin Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
| | - Sokcheon Pak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
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19
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Abstract
As basic research into GPCR signaling and its association with disease has come into fruition, greater clarity has emerged with regards to how these receptors may be amenable to therapeutic intervention. As a diverse group of receptor proteins, which regulate a variety of intracellular signaling pathways, research in this area has been slow to yield tangible therapeutic agents for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer. However, recently such research has gained momentum based on a series of studies that have sought to define GPCR proteins dynamics through the elucidation of their crystal structures. In this chapter, we define the approaches that have been adopted in developing better therapeutics directed against the specific parts of the receptor proteins, such as the extracellular and the intracellular domains, including the ligands and auxiliary proteins that bind them. Finally, we also briefly outline how GPCR-derived signaling transduction pathways hold great potential as additional targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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20
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Weske S, Vaidya M, von Wnuck Lipinski K, Keul P, Manthe K, Burkhart C, Haberhauer G, Heusch G, Levkau B. Agonist-induced activation of the S1P receptor 2 constitutes a novel osteoanabolic therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis in mice. Bone 2019; 125:1-7. [PMID: 31028959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoporosis is a worldwide epidemic but pharmacological agents to stimulate new bone formation are scarce. We have shown that increasing tissue levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by blocking its degradation by the S1P lyase has pronounced osteoanabolic effect in mouse osteoporosis models by stimulating osteoblast differentiation through the S1P receptor 2 (S1P2). However, S1P lyase inhibitors have side effects complicating potential clinical use. Here, we tested whether direct S1P2 engagement by the S1P2 agonist CYM5520 exerted osteoanabolic potential in estrogen deficiency-induced osteopenia in mice. We compared its efficacy to LX2931, a novel S1P lyase inhibitor currently tested in rheumatoid arthritis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH CYM5520, LX2931 or vehicle were administered to ovariectomized mice for 6 weeks beginning 5 weeks after ovariectomy, Bone mass, cellular composition and mechanical strength were assessed by microCT, histomorphometry and three point bending tests. Plasma markers of bone metabolism were analyzed by ELISA. KEY RESULTS Therapeutic treatment with CYM5520 and LX2931 clearly increased long bone and vertebral bone mass to impressive 3-5 fold over vehicle in osteopenic ovariectomized mice. As expected, lymphopenia was a side effect of LX2931, whereas none occurred with CYM5520. Consistent with an osteoanabolic effect, CYM5520 increased osteoblast number, osteoid surface and alkaline phosphatase area 2-3 fold over vehicle. Plasma concentrations of the osteoanabolic marker procollagen I C-terminal propeptide were also elevated by CYM5520 and LX2931. LX2931 but not yet CYM5520 increased cortical thickness and mechanical strength without affecting mineral density. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Treatment with a pharmacological S1P2 agonist corrected ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in mice by inducing new bone formation thus constituting a novel osteoanabolic approach to osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weske
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Mithila Vaidya
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Petra Keul
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Kristina Manthe
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
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21
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Debeuf N, Zhakupova A, Steiner R, Van Gassen S, Deswarte K, Fayazpour F, Van Moorleghem J, Vergote K, Pavie B, Lemeire K, Hammad H, Hornemann T, Janssens S, Lambrecht BN. The ORMDL3 asthma susceptibility gene regulates systemic ceramide levels without altering key asthma features in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:1648-1659.e9. [PMID: 31330218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies in asthma have repeatedly identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) gene across different populations. Although the ORM homologues in yeast are well-known inhibitors of sphingolipid synthesis, it is still unclear whether and how mammalian ORMDL3 regulates sphingolipid metabolism and whether altered sphingolipid synthesis would be causally related to asthma risk. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the in vivo role of ORMDL3 in sphingolipid metabolism and allergic asthma. METHODS Ormdl3-LacZ reporter mice, gene-deficient Ormdl3-/- mice, and overexpressing Ormdl3Tg/wt mice were exposed to physiologically relevant aeroallergens, such as house dust mite (HDM) or Alternaria alternata, to induce experimental asthma. Mass spectrometry-based sphingolipidomics were performed, and airway eosinophilia, TH2 cytokine production, immunoglobulin synthesis, airway remodeling, and bronchial hyperreactivity were measured. RESULTS HDM challenge significantly increased levels of total sphingolipids in the lungs of HDM-sensitized mice compared with those in control mice. In Ormdl3Tg/wt mice the allergen-induced increase in lung ceramide levels was significantly reduced, whereas total sphingolipid levels were not affected. Conversely, in liver and serum, levels of total sphingolipids, including ceramides, were increased in Ormdl3-/- mice, whereas they were decreased in Ormdl3Tg/wt mice. This difference was independent of allergen exposure. Despite these changes, all features of asthma were identical between wild-type, Ormdl3Tg/wt, and Ormdl3-/- mice across several models of experimental asthma. CONCLUSION ORMDL3 regulates systemic ceramide levels, but genetically interfering with Ormdl3 expression does not result in altered experimental asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nincy Debeuf
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Assem Zhakupova
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regula Steiner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sofie Van Gassen
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim Deswarte
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Farzaneh Fayazpour
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Justine Van Moorleghem
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karl Vergote
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Pavie
- VIB Bioimaging Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hamida Hammad
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Immunoregulation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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Karunakaran I, Alam S, Jayagopi S, Frohberger SJ, Hansen JN, Kuehlwein J, Hölbling BV, Schumak B, Hübner MP, Gräler MH, Halle A, van Echten-Deckert G. Neural sphingosine 1-phosphate accumulation activates microglia and links impaired autophagy and inflammation. Glia 2019; 67:1859-1872. [PMID: 31231866 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia mediated responses to neuronal damage in the form of neuroinflammation is a common thread propagating neuropathology. In this study, we investigated the microglial alterations occurring as a result of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) accumulation in neural cells. We evidenced increased microglial activation in the brains of neural S1P-lyase (SGPL1) ablated mice (SGPL1fl/fl/Nes ) as shown by an activated and deramified morphology and increased activation markers on microglia. In addition, an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in sorted and primary cultured microglia generated from SGPL1 deficient mice was noticed. Further, we assessed autophagy, one of the major mechanisms in the brain that keeps inflammation in check. Indeed, microglial inflammation was accompanied by defective microglial autophagy in SGPL1 ablated mice. Rescuing autophagy by treatment with rapamycin was sufficient to decrease interleukin 6 (IL-6) but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion in cultured microglia. Rapamycin mediated decrease of IL-6 secretion suggests a particular mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-IL-6 link and appeared to be microglia specific. Using pharmacological inhibitors of the major receptors of S1P expressed in the microglia, we identified S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) as the mediator of both impaired autophagy and proinflammatory effects. In line with these results, the addition of exogenous S1P to BV2 microglial cells showed similar effects as those observed in the genetic knock out of SGPL1 in the neural cells. In summary, we show a novel role of the S1P-S1PR2 axis in the microglia of mice with neural-targeted SGPL1 ablation and in BV2 microglial cell line exogenously treated with S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indulekha Karunakaran
- LIMES Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shah Alam
- LIMES Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Surendar Jayagopi
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan J Frohberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan N Hansen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany and Center of Advanced European Studies and Research, Bonn, Germany
| | - Janina Kuehlwein
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benedikt V Hölbling
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany and Center of Advanced European Studies and Research, Bonn, Germany
| | - Beatrix Schumak
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc P Hübner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), and the Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Annett Halle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany and Center of Advanced European Studies and Research, Bonn, Germany
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Méndez-Enríquez E, Hallgren J. Mast Cells and Their Progenitors in Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2019; 10:821. [PMID: 31191511 PMCID: PMC6548814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergy for decades. Allergic asthma is a complex chronic lung disease in which several different immune cells, genetic factors and environmental exposures influence the pathology. Mast cells are key players in the asthmatic response through secretion of a multitude of mediators with pro-inflammatory and airway-constrictive effects. Well-known mast cell mediators, such as histamine and bioactive lipids are responsible for many of the physiological effects observed in the acute phase of allergic reactions. The accumulation of mast cells at particular sites of the allergic lung is likely relevant to the asthma phenotype, severity and progression. Mast cells located in different compartments in the lung and airways have different characteristics and express different mediators. According to in vivo experiments in mice, lung mast cells develop from mast cell progenitors induced by inflammatory stimuli to migrate to the airways. Human mast cell progenitors have been identified in the blood circulation. A high frequency of circulating human mast cell progenitors may reflect ongoing pathological changes in the allergic lung. In allergic asthma, mast cells become activated mainly via IgE-mediated crosslinking of the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) with allergens. However, mast cells can also be activated by numerous other stimuli e.g. toll-like receptors and MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor X2. In this review, we summarize research with implications on the role and development of mast cells and their progenitors in allergic asthma and cover selected activation pathways and mast cell mediators that have been implicated in the pathogenesis. The review places an emphasis on describing mechanisms identified using in vivo mouse models and data obtained by analysis of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Méndez-Enríquez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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24
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Lipocalin 2: A New Antimicrobial in Mast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102380. [PMID: 31091692 PMCID: PMC6566617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) play a significant role in the innate immune defense against bacterial infection through the release of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. However, their antimicrobial function is still only partially described. We therefore hypothesized that MCs express additional antimicrobial peptides. In this study, we used FANTOM 5 transcriptome data to identify for the first time that MCs express lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a known inhibitor of bacterial growth. Using MCs derived from mice which were deficient in LCN2, we showed that this antimicrobial peptide is an important component of the MCs' antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Since sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) on MCs are known to regulate their function during infections, we hypothesized that S1P could activate LCN2 production in MCs. Using an in vitro assay, we demonstrated that S1P enhances MCs antimicrobial peptide production and increases the capacity of MCs to directly kill S. aureus and E. coli via an LCN2 release. In conclusion, we showed that LCN2 is expressed by MCs and plays a role in their capacity to inhibit bacterial growth.
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25
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β-Arrestin2 expressed in mast cells regulates ciprofloxacin-induced pseudoallergy and IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:603-606. [PMID: 31077686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Perez DA, Galvão I, Athayde RM, Rezende BM, Vago JP, Silva JD, Reis AC, Ribeiro LS, Gomes JHS, Pádua RM, Braga FC, Sousa LP, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Inhibition of the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway promotes the resolution of neutrophilic inflammation. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:1038-1051. [PMID: 30939218 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an important sphingolipid derived from plasma membrane and has a known role in productive phase of inflammation, but its role in neutrophil survival and resolution phase of inflammation is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of inhibition of S1P receptors and the blockade of S1P synthesis in BALB/c mice and human neutrophils. S1P and S1PR1-3 receptors expression were increased in cells from the pleural cavity stimulated with LPS. Using different antagonists of S1PRs and inhibitors of different steps of the metabolic pathway of S1P production, we show that S1P and its receptors are involved in regulating neutrophil survival and resolution of inflammation in the pleural cavity. Given the role of the S1P-S1PR axis in resolution of inflammation, we sought to identify whether blockade at different levels of the sphingosine-1-phosphate synthesis pathway could affect neutrophil survival in vitro. Inhibitors of the S1P pathway were also able to induce human neutrophil apoptosis. In addition, blockade of S1P synthesis or its receptor facilitated the efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophil. Taken together, our data demonstrate a fundamental role for S1P in regulating the outcome of inflammatory responses, and position S1P-S1PR axis as a potential target for treatment of neutrophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A Perez
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rayssa M Athayde
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Rezende
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Vago
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julia D Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alesandra C Reis
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José H S Gomes
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Pádua
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernão C Braga
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Robida PA, Puzzovio PG, Pahima H, Levi-Schaffer F, Bochner BS. Human eosinophils and mast cells: Birds of a feather flock together. Immunol Rev 2019; 282:151-167. [PMID: 29431215 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While the origin of the phrase "birds of a feather flock together" is unclear, it has been in use for centuries and is typically employed to describe the phenomenon that people with similar tastes or interests tend to seek each other out and congregate together. In this review, we have co-opted this phrase to compare innate immune cells of related origin, the eosinophil and mast cell, because they very often accumulate together in tissue sites under both homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. To highlight overlapping yet distinct features, their hematopoietic development, cell surface phenotype, mediator release profiles and roles in diseases have been compared and contrasted. What emerges is a sense that these two cell types often interact with each other and their tissue environment to provide synergistic contributions to a variety of normal and pathologic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piper A Robida
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pier Giorgio Puzzovio
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadas Pahima
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bruce S Bochner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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28
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Kim M, Lee SH, Kim Y, Kwon Y, Park Y, Lee HK, Jung HS, Jeoung D. Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating the Expression of MIP-2, miR-122a-SOCS1 Axis, and Th1/Th2 Responses. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1175. [PMID: 30459600 PMCID: PMC6232252 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) on atopic dermatitis (AD) in the BALB/c mouse model. The AdMSCs attenuated clinical symptoms associated with AD, decreased numbers of degranulated mast cells (MCs), IgE level, amount of histamine released, and prostaglandin E2 level. Atopic dermatitis increased the expression levels of cytokines/chemokines, such as interleukin-5 (IL-5), macrophage inflammatory protein-1ß (MIP-1ß), MIP-2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), and IL-17, in BALB/c mouse. The AdMSCs showed decreased expression levels of these cytokines in the mouse model of AD. In vivo downregulation of MIP-2 attenuated the clinical symptoms associated with AD. Atopic dermatitis increased the expression levels of hallmarks of allergic inflammation, induced interactions of Fc𝜀RIβ with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and Lyn, increased ß-hexosaminidase activity, increased serum IgE level, and increased the amount of histamine released in an MIP-2-dependent manner. Downregulation of MIP-2 increased the levels of several miRNAs, including miR-122a-5p. Mouse miR-122a-5p mimic inhibited AD, while suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), a predicted downstream target of miR-122a-5p, was required for AD. The downregulation of SOCS1 decreased the expression levels of MIP-2 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) in the mouse model of AD. The downregulation of CXCL13 attenuated AD and allergic inflammation such as passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. The role of T cell transcription factors in AD was also investigated. Atopic dermatitis increased the expression levels of T-bet and GATA-3 [transcription factors of T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, respectively] but decreased the expression of Foxp3, a transcription factor of regulatory T (Treg) cells, in an SOCS1-dependent manner. In addition to this, miR-122a-5p mimic also prevented AD from regulating the expression of T-bet, GATA-3, and Foxp3. Atopic dermatitis increased the expression of cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163), a marker of M2 macrophages, but decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a marker of M1 macrophages. Additionally, SOCS1 and miR-122a-5p mimic regulated the expression of CD163 and iNOS in the mouse model of AD. Experiments employing conditioned medium showed interactions between MCs and macrophages in AD. The conditioned medium of AdMSCs, but not the conditioned medium of human dermal fibroblasts, negatively inhibited the features of allergic inflammation. In summary, we investigated the anti-atopic effects of AdMSCs, identified targets of AdMSCs, and determined the underlying mechanism for the anti-atopic effects of AdMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Lee
- Biotechnology Institute, EHL-BIO Co., Ltd., Uiwang, South Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
| | - Yoojung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
| | - Yeongseo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
| | - Hong-Ki Lee
- Biotechnology Institute, EHL-BIO Co., Ltd., Uiwang, South Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, South Korea
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29
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Obeso D, Mera-Berriatua L, Rodríguez-Coira J, Rosace D, Fernández P, Martín-Antoniano IA, Santaolalla M, Marco Martín G, Chivato T, Fernández-Rivas M, Ramos T, Blanco C, Alvarado MI, Domínguez C, Angulo S, Barbas C, Barber D, Villaseñor A, Escribese MM. Multi-omics analysis points to altered platelet functions in severe food-associated respiratory allergy. Allergy 2018; 73:2137-2149. [PMID: 30028518 DOI: 10.1111/all.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence and severity of allergic diseases have increased worldwide. To date, respiratory allergy phenotypes are not fully characterized and, along with inflammation progression, treatment is increasingly complex and expensive. Profilin sensitization constitutes a good model to study the progression of allergic inflammation. Our aim was to identify the underlying mechanisms and the associated biomarkers of this progression, focusing on severe phenotypes, using transcriptomics and metabolomics. METHODS Twenty-five subjects were included in the study. Plasma samples were analyzed using gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS and LC-MS, respectively). Individuals were classified in four groups-"nonallergic," "mild," "moderate," and "severe"-based on their clinical history, their response to an oral challenge test with profilin, and after a refinement using a mathematical metabolomic model. PBMCs were used for microarray analysis. RESULTS We found a set of transcripts and metabolites that were specific for the "severe" phenotype. By metabolomics, a decrease in carbohydrates and pyruvate and an increase in lactate were detected, suggesting aerobic glycolysis. Other metabolites were incremented in "severe" group: lysophospholipids, sphingosine-1-phosphate, sphinganine-1-phosphate, and lauric, myristic, palmitic, and oleic fatty acids. On the other hand, carnitines were decreased along severity. Significant transcripts in the "severe" group were found to be downregulated and were associated with platelet functions, protein synthesis, histone modification, and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSION We have found evidence that points to the association of severe allergic inflammation with platelet functions alteration, together with reduced protein synthesis, and switch of immune cells to aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Obeso
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
- CEMBIO; Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Leticia Mera-Berriatua
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Coira
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
- CEMBIO; Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Domenico Rosace
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Paloma Fernández
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Isabel Adoración Martín-Antoniano
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Clínicas; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | | | | | - Tomás Chivato
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Clínicas; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | | | - Tania Ramos
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP); Madrid España
| | - Carlos Blanco
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP); Madrid España
| | | | | | - Santiago Angulo
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Estadística; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Coral Barbas
- CEMBIO; Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Domingo Barber
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - Alma Villaseñor
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
| | - María M. Escribese
- IMMA; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad San Pablo CEU; Madrid España
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30
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Wang HC, Huang SK. Metformin inhibits IgE- and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated mast cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1989-1996. [PMID: 30242842 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, possesses anti-inflammatory property beyond its glucose-lowering activity, but its regulatory effect on mast cells and allergic responses remains unknown, wherein the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-ligand axis is critical in controlling mast cell activation. Herein, we provide evidence supporting the role of metformin in modulating mast cell activation by FcεR1-, AhR-mediated signaling or their combination. Metformin at relatively low doses was shown to suppress FcεR1-mediated degranulation, IL-13, TNF-α and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) secretion in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). In contrast, metformin at the same doses potently inhibited all parameters in mast cells stimulated with an AhR ligand, 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carbaldehyde (FICZ). Further, metformin was shown to inhibit FcεR1- and AhR-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in vivo, reversible by a S1P receptor 2 antagonist, JTE-013. Using AhR reporter cells, Huh7-DRE-Luc cells, a human mast cell line, HMC-1, and BMMCs, metformin's inhibitory effect was mediated through the suppression of FICZ-induced AhR activity, calcium mobilization and ROS generation. Notably, FICZ-mediated oxidation of S1P lyase (S1PL) and its reduced activity were reversed by metformin, resulting in decreased levels of S1P. Collectively, these results suggested the potential utility of metformin in treating allergic diseases, particularly in cases with comorbid type II diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Lou-Hu Hospital, Shen-Zhen University, Shen-Zhen, China
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31
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Contribution of STAT3 to Inflammatory and Fibrotic Diseases and Prospects for its Targeting for Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082299. [PMID: 30081609 PMCID: PMC6121470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 plays a central role in the host response to injury. It is activated rapidly within cells by many cytokines, most notably those in the IL-6 family, leading to pro-proliferative and pro-survival programs that assist the host in regaining homeostasis. With persistent activation, however, chronic inflammation and fibrosis ensue, leading to a number of debilitating diseases. This review summarizes advances in our understanding of the role of STAT3 and its targeting in diseases marked by chronic inflammation and/or fibrosis with a focus on those with the largest unmet medical need.
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Nam SY, Kim HY, Han NR, Moon PD, Cho JS, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Src-type tyrosine kinase p56lck is critical for thymic stromal lymphopoietin-induced allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:875-889. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-Y. Nam
- The Department of Food Science & Technology and Inflammatory Disease Research Center; Hoseo University; Asan Republic of Korea
| | - H.-Y. Kim
- The Department of Pharmacology; College of Korean Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - N.-R. Han
- The Department of Pharmacology; College of Korean Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - P.-D. Moon
- The Department of Pharmacology; College of Korean Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - J.-S. Cho
- The Department of Otolaryngology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - H.-M. Kim
- The Department of Pharmacology; College of Korean Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - H.-J. Jeong
- The Department of Food Science & Technology and Inflammatory Disease Research Center; Hoseo University; Asan Republic of Korea
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33
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Wedman PA, Aladhami A, Chumanevich AP, Fuseler JW, Oskeritzian CA. Mast cells and sphingosine-1-phosphate underlie prelesional remodeling in a mouse model of eczema. Allergy 2018; 73:405-415. [PMID: 28905998 PMCID: PMC10127444 DOI: 10.1111/all.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammation that affects children and adults worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains ill-understood. METHODS We show that a single application of OVA to mouse skin initiates remodeling and cellular infiltration of the hypodermis measured by a newly developed computer-aided method. RESULTS Importantly, we demonstrate that skin mast cell (MC) activation and local sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are significantly augmented after OVA treatment in mice. Deficiency in sphingosine kinase (SphK)1, the S1P-producing enzyme, or in MC, remarkably mitigates all signs of OVA-mediated remodeling and MC activation. Furthermore, skin S1P levels remain unchanged in MC-deficient mice exposed to OVA. LPS-free OVA does not recapitulate any of the precursor signs of AD, supporting a triggering contribution of LPS in AD that, per se, suffice to activate local MC and elevate skin S1P. CONCLUSION We describe MC and S1P as novel pathogenic effectors that initiate remodeling in AD prior to any skin lesions and reveal the significance of LPS in OVA used in most studies, thus mimicking natural antigen (Ag) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Wedman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - A. Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
- University of Baghdad; Baghdad Iraq
| | - A. P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - J. W. Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - C. A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
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Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are major effectors of IgE-mediated allergic reactions because of their unique peripheral location and their powerful capacity to release prestored and de novo-synthesized inflammatory mediators into the circulation upon activation. In view of the growing incidence of allergy worldwide, there is much interest in developing novel strategies to block or temper IgE-mediated MC activation and its pathological consequences. For these studies, standard assays to measure IgE-mediated MC degranulation and mediator release are required. Here, we present detailed procedures to assess in vitro and in vivo MC release of prestored as well as recently synthesized mediators following IgE-/antigen-mediated activation.
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The Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Ceramide-1-Phosphate in Inflammation and Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:4806541. [PMID: 29269995 PMCID: PMC5705877 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4806541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is part of our body's response to tissue injury and pathogens. It helps to recruit various immune cells to the site of inflammation and activates the production of mediators to mobilize systemic protective processes. However, chronic inflammation can increase the risk of diseases like cancer. Apart from cytokines and chemokines, lipid mediators, particularly sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), contribute to inflammation and cancer. S1P is an important player in inflammation-associated colon cancer progression. On the other hand, C1P has been recognized to be involved in cancer cell growth, migration, survival, and inflammation. However, whether C1P is involved in inflammation-associated cancer is not yet established. In contrast, few studies have also suggested that S1P and C1P are involved in anti-inflammatory pathways regulated in certain cell types. Ceramide is the substrate for ceramide kinase (CERK) to yield C1P, and sphingosine is phosphorylated to S1P by sphingosine kinases (SphKs). Biological functions of sphingolipid metabolites have been studied extensively. Ceramide is associated with cell growth inhibition and enhancement of apoptosis while S1P and C1P are associated with enhancement of cell growth and survival. Altogether, S1P and C1P are important regulators of ceramide level and cell fate. This review focuses on S1P and C1P involvement in inflammation and cancer with emphasis on recent progress in the field.
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McMillin M, Frampton G, Grant S, Khan S, Diocares J, Petrescu A, Wyatt A, Kain J, Jefferson B, DeMorrow S. Bile Acid-Mediated Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Promotes Neuroinflammation during Hepatic Encephalopathy in Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:191. [PMID: 28725183 PMCID: PMC5496949 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric complication that occurs due to deteriorating hepatic function and this syndrome influences patient quality of life, clinical management strategies and survival. During acute liver failure, circulating bile acids increase due to a disruption of the enterohepatic circulation. We previously identified that bile acid-mediated signaling occurs in the brain during HE and contributes to cognitive impairment. However, the influences of bile acids and their downstream signaling pathways on HE-induced neuroinflammation have not been assessed. Conjugated bile acids, such as taurocholic acid (TCA), can activate sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2), which has been shown to promote immune cell infiltration and inflammation in other models. The current study aimed to assess the role of bile-acid mediated S1PR2 signaling in neuroinflammation and disease progression during azoxymethane (AOM)-induced HE in mice. Our findings demonstrate a temporal increase of bile acids in the cortex during AOM-induced HE and identified that cortical bile acids were elevated as an early event in this model. In order to classify the specific bile acids that were elevated during HE, a metabolic screen was performed and this assay identified that TCA was increased in the serum and cortex during AOM-induced HE. To reduce bile acid concentrations in the brain, mice were fed a diet supplemented with cholestyramine, which alleviated neuroinflammation by reducing proinflammatory cytokine expression in the cortex compared to the control diet-fed AOM-treated mice. S1PR2 was expressed primarily in neurons and TCA treatment increased chemokine ligand 2 mRNA expression in these cells. The infusion of JTE-013, a S1PR2 antagonist, into the lateral ventricle prior to AOM injection protected against neurological decline and reduced neuroinflammation compared to DMSO-infused AOM-treated mice. Together, this identifies that reducing bile acid levels or S1PR2 signaling are potential therapeutic strategies for the management of HE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McMillin
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Gabriel Frampton
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Stephanie Grant
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Shamyal Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White HealthTemple, TX, United States
| | - Juan Diocares
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White HealthTemple, TX, United States
| | - Anca Petrescu
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Amy Wyatt
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Jessica Kain
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Brandi Jefferson
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
| | - Sharon DeMorrow
- Department of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care SystemTemple, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science CenterTemple, TX, United States
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Mohammed S, Harikumar KB. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate: A Novel Target for Lung Disorders. Front Immunol 2017; 8:296. [PMID: 28352271 PMCID: PMC5348531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, which include proliferation, apoptosis, lymphocyte egress, endothelial barrier function, angiogenesis, and inflammation. S1P is produced by two isoenzymes, namely, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) and once produced, S1P can act both in an autocrine and paracrine manner. S1P can be dephosphorylated back to sphingosine by two phosphatases (SGPP 1 and 2) or can be irreversibly cleaved by S1P lyase. S1P has a diverse range of functions, which is mediated in a receptor dependent, through G-protein coupled receptors (S1PR1-5) or receptor independent manner, through intracellular targets such as HDACs and TRAF2. The involvement of S1P signaling has been confirmed in various disease conditions including lung diseases. The SphK inhibitors and S1PR modulators are currently under clinical trials for different pathophysiological conditions. There is a significant effort in targeting various components of S1P signaling for several diseases. This review focuses on the ways in which S1P signaling can be therapeutically targeted in lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , India
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Patmanathan SN, Wang W, Yap LF, Herr DR, Paterson IC. Mechanisms of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor signalling in cancer. Cell Signal 2017; 34:66-75. [PMID: 28302566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
S1P is a small bioactive lipid which exerts its effects following binding to a family of five G protein-coupled receptors, known as S1P1-5. Following receptor activation, multiple signalling cascades are activated, allowing S1P to regulate a range of cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis. There is strong evidence implicating the involvement of S1P receptors (S1PRs) in cancer progression and the oncogenic effects of S1P can result from alterations in the expression of one or more of the S1PRs and/or the enzymes that regulate the levels of S1P. However, cooperativity between the individual S1PRs, functional interactions with receptor tyrosine kinases and the sub-cellular localisation of the S1PRs within tumour cells also appear to play a role in mediating the effects of S1PR signalling during carcinogenesis. Here we review what is known regarding the role of individual S1PRs in cancer and discuss the recent evidence to suggest cross-talk between the S1PRs and other cellular signalling pathways in cancer. We will also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting the S1PRs and their downstream signalling pathways for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Narayanan Patmanathan
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Lee Fah Yap
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Ian C Paterson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Oral Cancer Research & Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Park SJ, Im DS. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Drug Discovery. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:80-90. [PMID: 28035084 PMCID: PMC5207465 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Initial discovery on sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) as an intracellular second messenger was faced unexpectedly with roles of S1P as a first messenger, which subsequently resulted in cloning of its G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1–5. The molecular identification of S1P receptors opened up a new avenue for pathophysiological research on this lipid mediator. Cellular and molecular in vitro studies and in vivo studies on gene deficient mice have elucidated cellular signaling pathways and the pathophysiological meanings of S1P receptors. Another unexpected finding that fingolimod (FTY720) modulates S1P receptors accelerated drug discovery in this field. Fingolimod was approved as a first-in-class, orally active drug for relapsing multiple sclerosis in 2010, and its applications in other disease conditions are currently under clinical trials. In addition, more selective S1P receptor modulators with better pharmacokinetic profiles and fewer side effects are under development. Some of them are being clinically tested in the contexts of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, such as, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, liver failure, renal failure, acute stroke, and transplant rejection. In this review, the authors discuss the state of the art regarding the status of drug discovery efforts targeting S1P receptors and place emphasis on potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Park
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Chumanevich AP, Wedman PA, Oskeritzian CA. Methods for Analyzing Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Human and Mouse Primary Mast Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1697:21-30. [PMID: 28497335 PMCID: PMC10127149 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2017_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells produce a potently bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) constitutively and upon activation. The ligation of S1P to its type 2 receptor on mast cells triggers a novel downstream signaling pathway that we discovered links activation of transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to mast cell-derived chemokine release in both humans and mice. In this chapter, we describe the methods used to study S1P signaling in human and mouse primary mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena P Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Building 2, Room C10, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC, 20209, USA
| | - Piper A Wedman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Building 2, Room C10, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC, 20209, USA
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Building 2, Room C10, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC, 20209, USA.
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Exploration of the Sphingolipid Metabolite, Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine, as Novel Biomarkers for Aspirin-exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36599. [PMID: 27830727 PMCID: PMC5103193 DOI: 10.1038/srep36599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid (SL) metabolites have been suggested to be important inflammatory mediators in airway inflammation and asthma. However, little is known about SL metabolites in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). We aimed to explore the potential AERD biomarkers by conducting lipidomics targeting SL metabolites. The levels of SL metabolites in serum and urine samples from 45 AERD patients and 45 aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) patients were quantified through mass spectrometry. During the lysine-aspirin bronchoprovocation test (ASA-BPT), the levels of serum sphingomyelin (SM) were significantly decreased in AERD (P < 0.05) but not in ATA. The serum SM levels were positively correlated with airway responsiveness to methacholine. At the basal status before the ASA-BPT, the levels of serum sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and urine sphingosine were significantly higher in the AERD patients compared with that of ATA patients (P < 0.001) and were positively correlated with a greater decrease in FEV1 (%) values following the ASA-BPT test (P < 0.001 for each), and with serum periostin level (P < 0.05 for each). This study is the first to evaluate serum S1P and urine sphingosine as potential biomarkers of AERD as well as to examine the metabolic disturbance of SL in AERD patients.
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Terashita T, Kobayashi K, Nagano T, Kawa Y, Tamura D, Nakata K, Yamamoto M, Tachihara M, Kamiryo H, Nishimura Y. Administration of JTE013 abrogates experimental asthma by regulating proinflammatory cytokine production from bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2016; 17:146. [PMID: 27829417 PMCID: PMC5103479 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive phospholipid that acts as a signal transducer by binding to S1P receptors (S1PR) 1 to 5. The S1P/S1PRs pathway has been associated with remodeling and allergic inflammation in asthma, but the expression pattern of S1PR and its effects on non-immune cells have not been completely clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of the signaling of S1P and S1PRs expressed in airway epithelial cells (ECs) to asthma responses in mice. Methods Bronchial asthma was experimentally induced in BALB/c mice by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization followed by an OVA inhalation challenge. The effects of S1PR antagonists on the development of asthma were analyzed 24 h after the OVA challenge. Results Immunohistological analysis revealed S1PR1-3 expression on mouse airway ECs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that S1P greatly stimulated the induction of CCL3 and TIMP2 mRNA in human airway ECs, i.e., BEAS-2B cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with the S1PR2 antagonist JTE013 inhibited the CCL3 gene expression in BEAS-2B cells. Immunohistological analysis also showed that the expression level of CCL3 was attenuated by JTE013 in asthmatic mice. Furthermore, JTE013 as well as anti-CCL3 antibody attenuated allergic responses. Intratracheal administration of JTE013 also attenuated eosinophilic reactions in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. S1P induced transcription factor NFκB activation, while JTE013 greatly reduced the NFκB activation. Conclusions JTE013 attenuated allergic airway reactions by regulating CCL3 production from bronchial ECs. The intratracheal administration of JTE013 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for bronchial asthma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0465-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Terashita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nakata
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Motoko Tachihara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamiryo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Rodriguez YI, Campos LE, Castro MG, Aladhami A, Oskeritzian CA, Alvarez SE. Sphingosine-1 Phosphate: A New Modulator of Immune Plasticity in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2016; 6:218. [PMID: 27800303 PMCID: PMC5066089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, increasing evidences demonstrate a strong link between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and both normal physiology and progression of different diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Indeed, numerous studies show that tissue levels of this sphingolipid metabolite are augmented in many cancers, affecting survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Recent insights into the possible role of S1P as a therapeutic target has attracted enormous attention and opened new opportunities in this evolving field. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in cancer, with particular emphasis in new developments that highlight the many functions of this sphingolipid in the tumor microenvironment. We will discuss how S1P modulates phenotypic plasticity of macrophages and mast cells, tumor-induced immune evasion, differentiation and survival of immune cells in the tumor milieu, interaction between cancer and stromal cells, and hypoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamila I Rodriguez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ludmila E Campos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Melina G Castro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ahmed Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Sergio E Alvarez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET, San Luis, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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Roviezzo F, Sorrentino R, Iacono VM, Brancaleone V, Terlizzi M, Riemma MA, Bertolino A, Rossi A, Matteis M, Spaziano G, Pinto A, D'Agostino B, Cirino G. Disodium cromoglycate inhibits asthma-like features induced by sphingosine-1-phosphate. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:626-635. [PMID: 27713021 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests the involvement of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the pathogenesis of asthma. The systemic administration of S1P causes asthma like features in the mouse involving mast cells. In this study we investigated whether disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), administered as a preventative treatment as in human therapy, could affect S1P effects on airways. BALB/c mice, treated with DSCG, received subcutaneous administration of S1P. Bronchi and pulmonary tissues were collected and functional, molecular and cellular studies were performed. DSCG inhibited S1P-induced airway hyper-reactivity as well as pulmonary inflammation. DSCG decreased the recruitment of solely mast cells and B cells in the lung. IgE serum levels, prostaglandin D2, mucus production and IL-13 were also reduced when mice were pretreated with DSCG. S1P induced pulmonary expression of CD23 on T and B cells, that was reversed by DSCG. Conversely, S1P failed to upregulate CD23 in mast cell-deficient Kit W-sh/W-sh mice. In conclusion we have shown that DSCG inhibits S1P-induced asthma like features in the mouse. This beneficial effect is due to a regulatory action on mast cell activity, and in turn to an inhibition of IgE-dependent T and B cells responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michela Terlizzi
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Bertolino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Matteis
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA), University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Bruno D'Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Blankenbach KV, Schwalm S, Pfeilschifter J, Meyer Zu Heringdorf D. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor-2 Antagonists: Therapeutic Potential and Potential Risks. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:167. [PMID: 27445808 PMCID: PMC4914510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling system with its specific G-protein-coupled S1P receptors, the enzymes of S1P metabolism and the S1P transporters, offers a multitude of promising targets for drug development. Until today, drug development in this area has nearly exclusively focused on (functional) antagonists at the S1P1 receptor, which cause a unique phenotype of immunomodulation. Accordingly, the first-in class S1P1 receptor modulator, fingolimod, has been approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, and novel S1P1 receptor (functional) antagonists are being developed for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus erythematodes, or polymyositis. Besides the S1P1 receptor, also S1P2 and S1P3 are widely expressed and regulate many diverse functions throughout the body. The S1P2 receptor, in particular, often exerts cellular functions which are opposed to the functions of the S1P1 receptor. As a consequence, antagonists at the S1P2 receptor have the potential to be useful in a contrasting context and different areas of indication compared to S1P1 antagonists. The present review will focus on the therapeutic potential of S1P2 receptor antagonists and discuss their opportunities as well as their potential risks. Open questions and areas which require further investigations will be emphasized in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira V Blankenbach
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schwalm
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dagmar Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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46
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Yu Y, Blokhuis BR, Garssen J, Redegeld FA. Non-IgE mediated mast cell activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 778:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wawrzyniak P, Akdis CA, Finkelman FD, Rothenberg ME. Advances and highlights in mechanisms of allergic disease in 2015. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 137:1681-1696. [PMID: 27090934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights some of the advances in mechanisms of allergic disease, particularly anaphylaxis, including food allergy, drug hypersensitivity, atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic conjunctivitis, and airway diseases. During the last year, a mechanistic advance in food allergy was achieved by focusing on mechanisms of allergen sensitization. Novel biomarkers and treatment for mastocytosis were presented in several studies. Novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis showed that promising supplementation of the infant's diet in the first year of life with immunoactive prebiotics might have a preventive role against early development of AD and that therapeutic approaches to treat AD in children might be best directed to the correction of a TH2/TH1 imbalance. Several studies were published emphasizing the role of the epithelial barrier in patients with allergic diseases. An impaired skin barrier as a cause for sensitization to food allergens in children and its relationship to filaggrin mutations has been an important development. Numerous studies presented new approaches for improvement of epithelial barrier function and novel biologicals used in the treatment of inflammatory skin and eosinophilic diseases. In addition, novel transcription factors and signaling molecules that can develop as new possible therapeutic targets have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wawrzyniak
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.
| | - Fred D Finkelman
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, and the Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Sun WY, Dimasi DP, Pitman MR, Zhuang Y, Heddle R, Pitson SM, Grimbaldeston MA, Bonder CS. Topical Application of Fingolimod Perturbs Cutaneous Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:3854-64. [PMID: 27001955 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergies, including rhinitis, eczema, and anaphylaxis, is rising dramatically worldwide. This increase is especially problematic in children who bear the greatest burden of this rising trend. Increasing evidence identifies neutrophils as primary perpetrators of the more severe and difficult to manage forms of inflammation. A newly recognized mechanism by which neutrophils are recruited during the early phase of histamine-induced inflammation involves the sphingosine kinase (SK)/sphingosine-1-phosphate axis. This study examines whether topical application of fingolimod, an established SK/sphingosine-1-phosphate antagonist already in clinical use to treat multiple sclerosis, may be repurposed to treat cutaneous inflammation. Using two mouse models of ear skin inflammation (histamine- and IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis) we topically applied fingolimod prophylactically, as well as after establishment of the inflammatory response, and examined ear swelling, SK activity, vascular permeability, leukocyte recruitment, and production of proinflammatory mediators. The present study reveals that when applied topically, fingolimod attenuates both immediate and late-phase responses to histamine with reduced extravasation of fluid, SK-1 activity, proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, and neutrophil influx and prevents ear swelling. Intravital microscopy demonstrates that histamine-induced neutrophil rolling and adhesion to the postcapillary venules in the mouse ears is significantly attenuated even after 24 h. More importantly, these effects are achievable even once inflammation is established. Translation into humans was also accomplished with epicutaneous application of fingolimod resolving histamine-induced and allergen-induced inflammatory reactions in forearm skin. Overall, this study demonstrates, to our knowledge for the first time, that fingolimod may be repurposed to treat cutaneous inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Y Sun
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - David P Dimasi
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Melissa R Pitman
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - YiZhong Zhuang
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Robert Heddle
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; Clinical Immunology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; and Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Michele A Grimbaldeston
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia;
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Immune Cells and Inflammation: Roles and Therapeutic Potential. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8606878. [PMID: 26966342 PMCID: PMC4761394 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8606878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite involved in many critical cell processes. It is produced by the phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinases (SphKs) and exported out of cells via transporters such as spinster homolog 2 (Spns2). S1P regulates diverse physiological processes by binding to specific G protein-binding receptors, S1P receptors (S1PRs) 1-5, through a process coined as "inside-out signaling." The S1P concentration gradient between various tissues promotes S1PR1-dependent migration of T cells from secondary lymphoid organs into the lymphatic and blood circulation. S1P suppresses T cell egress from and promotes retention in inflamed peripheral tissues. S1PR1 in T and B cells as well as Spns2 in endothelial cells contributes to lymphocyte trafficking. FTY720 (Fingolimod) is a functional antagonist of S1PRs that induces systemic lymphopenia by suppression of lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs. In this review, we summarize previous findings and new discoveries about the importance of S1P and S1PR signaling in the recruitment of immune cells and lymphocyte retention in inflamed tissues. We also discuss the role of S1P-S1PR1 axis in inflammatory diseases and wound healing.
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Axis Can Promote Mouse and Human Primary Mast Cell Angiogenic Potential through Upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:1503206. [PMID: 26884643 PMCID: PMC4738939 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1503206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are present in most vascularized tissues around the vasculature likely exerting immunomodulatory functions. Endowed with diverse mediators, resident MC represent first-line fine-tuners of local microenvironment. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) functions as a pluripotent signaling sphingolipid metabolite in health and disease. S1P formation occurs at low levels in resting MC and is upregulated upon activation. Its export can result in type 2 S1P receptor- (S1PR2-) mediated stimulation of MC, further fueling inflammation. However, the role of S1PR2 ligation in proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) A and matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2 release from MC is unknown. Using a preclinical MC-dependent model of acute allergic responses and in vitro stimulated primary mouse bone marrow-derived MC (BMMC) or human primary skin MC, we report that S1P signaling resulted in substantial amount of VEGF-A release. Similar experiments using S1pr2-deficient mice or BMMC or selective S1P receptor agonists or antagonists demonstrated that S1P/S1PR2 ligation on MC is important for VEGF-A secretion. Further, we show that S1P stimulation triggered transcriptional upregulation of VEGF-A and MMP-2 mRNA in human but not in mouse MC. S1P exposure also triggered MMP-2 secretion from human MC. These studies identify a novel proangiogenic axis encompassing MC/S1P/S1PR2 likely relevant to inflammation.
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