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Mach N. The forecasting power of the mucin-microbiome interplay in livestock respiratory diseases. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-18. [PMID: 38606662 PMCID: PMC11018052 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex respiratory diseases are a significant challenge for the livestock industry worldwide. These diseases considerably impact animal health and welfare and cause severe economic losses. One of the first lines of pathogen defense combines the respiratory tract mucus, a highly viscous material primarily composed of mucins, and a thriving multi-kingdom microbial ecosystem. The microbiome-mucin interplay protects from unwanted substances and organisms, but its dysfunction may enable pathogenic infections and the onset of respiratory disease. Emerging evidence also shows that noncoding regulatory RNAs might modulate the structure and function of the microbiome-mucin relationship. This opinion paper unearths the current understanding of the triangular relationship between mucins, the microbiome, and noncoding RNAs in the context of respiratory infections in animals of veterinary interest. There is a need to look at these molecular underpinnings that dictate distinct health and disease outcomes to implement effective prevention, surveillance, and timely intervention strategies tailored to the different epidemiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Mach
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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2
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Sierra-Ulloa D, Fernández J, Cacelín M, González-Aguilar GA, Saavedra R, Tenorio EP. α2,6 sialylation distinguishes a novel active state in CD4 + and CD8 + cells during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1429302. [PMID: 39253089 PMCID: PMC11381403 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitosis that is usually asymptomatic; cell-mediated immunity, particularly T cells, is a crucial mediator of the immune response against this parasite. Membrane protein expression has been studied for a long time in T lymphocytes, providing vital information to determine functional checkpoints. However, less is known about the role of post-translational modifications in T cell function. Glycosylation plays essential roles during maturation and function; particularly, sialic acid modulation is determinant for accurate T cell regulation of processes like adhesion, cell-cell communication, and apoptosis induction. Despite its importance, the role of T cell sialylation during infection remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to evaluate whether different membrane sialylation motifs are modified in T cells during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection using different lectins. To this end, BALB/c Foxp3EGFP mice were infected with T. gondii, and on days 3, 7, and 10 post-infection, splenocytes were obtained to analyze conventional (Foxp3-) CD4+ and CD8+ populations by flow cytometry. Among the different lectins used for analysis, only Sambucus nigra lectin, which detects sialic acid α2,6 linkages, revealed two distinctive populations (SNBright and SN-/Dim) after infection. Further characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ SN-/Dim lymphocytes showed that these are highly activated cells, with a TEf/EM or TCM phenotype that produce high IFN-γ levels, a previously undescribed cell state. This work demonstrates that glycan membrane analysis in T cells reveals previously overlooked functional states by evaluating only protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sierra-Ulloa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jacquelina Fernández
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Cacelín
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria A González-Aguilar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Saavedra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eda P Tenorio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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3
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Boliukh I, Rombel-Bryzek A, Bułdak RJ. Lectins in oncology and virology: Mechanisms of anticancer activity and SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133664. [PMID: 38969035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of non-immune origin with carbohydrate-binding properties. They are found both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. The most abundant source of the lectins are plants. Many lectins have anticancer effects by directly exerting cytotoxic effects on malignant cells or indirectly activating the immune system. Lectins also have antiviral activities. These proteins can recognise glycoproteins on the surface of enveloped viruses and bind to them. This creates a physical barrier between them and the corresponding receptors on the surface of the host cell, which prevents the virus from entering the cell and can thus effectively inhibit the replication of the virus. In this review, we focus on the anticancer activities of selected lectins and the underlying mechanisms. We also discuss different types of lectins with antiviral activity. We have paid special attention to lectins with inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we outline the challenges of using lectins in therapy and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Boliukh
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Rafał J Bułdak
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
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ZHENG Y, CAO C, GUO Z, YAN J, LIANG X. [Applications of chromatography in glycomics]. Se Pu 2024; 42:646-657. [PMID: 38966973 PMCID: PMC11224943 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2023.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycomics, an emerging "omics" technology that was developed after genomics and proteomics, is a discipline that studies the composition, structure, and functions of glycomes in cells, tissues, and organisms. Glycomics plays key roles in understanding the laws of major life activities, disease prevention and treatment, and drug quality control and development. At present, the structural analysis of glycans relies mainly on mass spectrometry. However, glycans have low abundance in biological samples. In addition, factors such as variable monosaccharide compositions, differences in glycosidic bond positions and modes, diverse branching structures, contribute to the complexity of the compositions and structures of glycans, posing great challenges to glycomics research. Liquid chromatography can effectively remove matrix interferences and enhance glycan separation to improve the mass spectrometric response of glycans. Thus, liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry are important technical tools that have been actively applied to solve these problems; these technologies play indispensable roles in glycomics research. Different studies have highlighted similarities and differences in the applications of various types of liquid chromatography, which also reflects the versatility and flexibility of this technology. In this review, we first discuss the enrichment methods for glycans and their applications in glycomics research from the perspective of chromatographic separation mechanisms. We then compare the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Some glycan-enrichment modes include affinity, hydrophilic interactions, size exclusion, and porous graphitized carbon adsorption. A number of newly developed materials exhibit excellent glycan-enrichment ability. We enumerate the separation mechanisms of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), high performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC), hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), and porous graphitic carbon (PGC) chromatography in the separation and analysis of glycans, and describe the applications of these methods in the separation of glycans, glycoconjugates, and glyco-derivatives. Among these methods, HILIC and PGC chromatography are the most widely used, whereas HPAEC and RP-HPLC are less commonly used. The HILIC and RP-HPLC modes are often used for the separation of derived glycans. The ionization efficiency and detectability of glycans are significantly improved after derivatization. However, the derivatization process is relatively cumbersome, and byproducts inevitably affect the accuracy and completeness of the detection results. HPAEC and PGC chromatography exhibit good separation effects on nonderivative glycans, but issues related to the detection integrity of low-abundance glycans owing to their poor detection effect continue to persist. Therefore, the appropriate analytical method for a specific sample or target analyte or mutual verification must be selected. Finally, we highlight the research progress in various chromatographic methods coupled with mass spectrometry for glycomics analysis. Significant progress has been made in glycomics research in recent years owing to advancements in the development of chromatographic separation techniques. However, several significant challenges remain. As the development of novel separation materials and methods continues, chromatographic techniques may be expected to play a critical role in future glycomics research.
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Zhao R, Wang C, Li F, Zeng Z, Hu Y, Dong X. Elevated level of multibranched complex glycan reveals an allergic tolerance status. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38849742 PMCID: PMC11161957 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy that can achieve immune tolerance in patients through long-term allergen stimulation. Glycans play crucial roles in allergic disease, but no information on changes in glycosylation related to an allergic tolerance status has been reported. METHODS Fifty-seven patients with house dust mite (HDM) allergies were enrolled. Twenty-eight patients were not treated with AIT, 19 patients had just entered the AIT maintenance treatment phase, and 10 patients had been in the AIT maintenance phase for more than 1 year. Serum protein N-glycans were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), which included linkage-specific sialylation information. RESULTS Eighty-four N-glycans were identified in all three groups. Compared with the patients treated without AIT, the patients treated with AIT for a shorter time showed downregulated expression of high-mannose glycans and upregulated expression of α2,6 sialic acid. The patients treated with AIT in the maintenance phase for over 1 year, which was considered the start of immunological tolerance, showed downregulated expression of biantennary N-glycans and upregulated expression of multibranched and complex N-glycans. Nine N-glycans were changed between allergic and allergic-tolerant patients. CONCLUSIONS The glycan form changed from mannose to a more complex type as treatment time increased, and multibranched complex glycans have the potential to be used as a monitoring indicator of immune tolerance. This serum N-glycome analysis provided important information for a deeper understanding of AIT treatment at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Feidie Li
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zeyu Zeng
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yijing Hu
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China.
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Contardi C, Mavliutova L, Serra M, Rubes D, Dorati R, Vistoli G, Macorano A, Sellergren B, De Lorenzi E. Rational Design of Highly Selective Sialyllactose-Imprinted Nanogels. Chemistry 2024:e202401232. [PMID: 38848047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
We describe a facile method to prepare water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymer nanogels (MIP NGs) as synthetic antibodies against target glycans. Three different phenylboronic acid (PBA) derivatives were explored as monomers for the synthesis of MIP NGs targeting either α2,6- or α2,3-sialyllactose, taken as oversimplified models of cancer-related sT and sTn antigens. Starting from commercially available 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid, also its 2-substituted isomer and the 5-acrylamido-2-hydroxymethyl cyclic PBA monoester derivative were initially evaluated by NMR studies. Then, a small library of MIP NGs imprinted with the α2,6-linked template was synthesized and tested by mobility shift Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis (msACE), to rapidly assess an affinity ranking. Finally, the best monomer 2-acrylamido PBA was selected for the synthesis of polymers targeting both sialyllactoses. The resulting MIP NGs display an affinity constant≈106 M-1 and selectivity towards imprinted glycans. This general procedure could be applied to any non-modified carbohydrate template possessing a reducing end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Contardi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Liliia Mavliutova
- Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Per Albin Hanssons Väg 35, 21432, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Massimo Serra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Rubes
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Dorati
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Macorano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Per Albin Hanssons Väg 35, 21432, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ersilia De Lorenzi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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7
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Yao Q, Gao Y, Zheng N, Delcenserie V, Wang J. Unlocking the mysteries of milk oligosaccharides: Structure, metabolism, and function. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121911. [PMID: 38431414 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Milk oligosaccharides (MOs), complex carbohydrates prevalent in human breast milk, play a vital role in infant nutrition. Serving as prebiotics, they inhibit pathogen adherence, modulate the immune system, and support newborn brain development. Notably, MOs demonstrate significant variations in concentration and composition, both across different species and within the same species. These characteristics of MOs lead to several compelling questions: (i) What distinct beneficial functions do MOs offer and how do the functions vary along with their structural differences? (ii) In what ways do MOs in human milk differ from those in other mammals, and what factors drive these unique profiles? (iii) What are the emerging applications of MOs, particularly in the context of their incorporation into infant formula? This review delves into the structural characteristics, quantification methods, and species-specific concentration differences of MOs. It highlights the critical role of human MOs in infant growth and their potential applications, providing substantial evidence to enhance infant health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yanan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Veronique Delcenserie
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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8
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Prado E Silva M, de Fátima Soto S, de Almeida FM, Correia AT, Pêgo-Fernandes PM, Pazetti R. Tacrolimus impairs airway mucociliary clearance of rats. Transpl Immunol 2024; 82:101990. [PMID: 38199268 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tacrolimus (TAC) is the most widely used immunosuppressive agent after lung transplantation. Considering that the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) mainly depends on the cytoplasmic calcium concentration and that TAC can affect this due to its binding with the intracellular immunophilin FKBP12, we hypothesized that TAC could also impair the airway mucociliary clearance of rats. METHODS Sixty rats were divided into two groups (n = 30 each): Control = water; TAC = tacrolimus. After 7, 15 or 30 days of treatment, ten animals from each group were euthanized and the following parameters were studied: mucus transportability, CBF, mucociliary transport velocity (MCTV), and neutral and acid mucus production. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in CBF (Control vs TAC: 7 days, p = 0.008; 15 days, p = 0.007; 30 days, p = 0.001) and MCTV (Control vs TAC: 7 days, p = 0.004; 15 days, p < 0.001; 30 days, p < 0.001) in all immunosuppressed animals. TAC therapy also caused an increase in acid mucus production at all treatment times (Control vs TAC: 7 days, p = 0.001; 15 days, p = 0.043; 30 days, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TAC impairs airway mucociliary clearance of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristela Prado E Silva
- Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Toracica, Departamento de Cardiopneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Fátima Soto
- Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Toracica, Departamento de Cardiopneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Maria de Almeida
- Laboratorio de Terapeutica Experimental, Departamento de Clinica Medica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Laboratorio de Orgaos e Tecidos, Serviço de Cirurgia Toracica, Instituto do Coraçao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Manuel Pêgo-Fernandes
- Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Toracica, Departamento de Cardiopneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Pazetti
- Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Toracica, Departamento de Cardiopneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Aloi N, Drago G, Ruggieri S, Cibella F, Colombo P, Longo V. Extracellular Vesicles and Immunity: At the Crossroads of Cell Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1205. [PMID: 38256278 PMCID: PMC10816988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising exosomes and microvesicles, are small membranous structures secreted by nearly all cell types. They have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication, playing pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, notably within the realm of immunity. These roles go beyond mere cellular interactions, as extracellular vesicles stand as versatile and dynamic components of immune regulation, impacting both innate and adaptive immunity. Their multifaceted involvement includes immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and immunomodulation, emphasising their significance in maintaining immune homeostasis and contributing to the pathogenesis of immune-related disorders. Extracellular vesicles participate in immunomodulation by delivering a wide array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thereby influencing gene expression in target cells. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms through which EVs modulate human immunity. Understanding the intricate interplay between extracellular vesicles and immunity is imperative for unveiling novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools applicable to various immunological disorders, including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. Furthermore, recognising the potential of EVs as versatile drug delivery vehicles holds significant promise for the future of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (N.A.); (G.D.); (S.R.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
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10
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Hale RC, Morais D, Chou J, Stowell SR. The role of glycosylation in clinical allergy and immunology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:55-66. [PMID: 37717626 PMCID: PMC10872775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
While glycans are among the most abundant macromolecules on the cell with widespread functions, their role in immunity has historically been challenging to study. This is in part due to difficulties assimilating glycan analysis into routine approaches used to interrogate immune cell function. Despite this, recent developments have illuminated fundamental roles for glycans in host immunity. The growing field of glycoimmunology continues to leverage new tools and approaches to uncover the function of glycans and glycan-binding proteins in immunity. Here we utilize clinical vignettes to examine key roles of glycosylation in allergy, inborn errors of immunity, and autoimmunity. We will discuss the diverse functions of glycans as epitopes, as modulators of antibody function, and as regulators of immune cell function. Finally, we will highlight immune modulatory therapies that harness the critical role of glycans in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Hale
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Dominique Morais
- Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Harvard Glycomics Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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11
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Sun X, Feng Y, Ma Q, Wang Y, Ma F. Protein glycosylation: bridging maternal-fetal crosstalk during embryo implantation†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:785-798. [PMID: 37658761 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a challenging health problem that affects 8-15% of couples worldwide. Establishing pregnancy requires successful embryo implantation, but about 85% of unsuccessful pregnancies are due to embryo implantation failure or loss soon after. Factors crucial for successful implantation include invasive blastocysts, receptive endometrium, invasion of trophoblast cells, and regulation of immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. Maternal-fetal crosstalk, which relies heavily on protein-protein interactions, is a critical factor in implantation that involves multiple cellular communication and molecular pathways. Glycosylation, a protein modification process, is closely related to cell growth, adhesion, transport, signal transduction, and recognition. Protein glycosylation plays a crucial role in maternal-fetal crosstalk and can be divided into N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, which are often terminated by sialylation or fucosylation. This review article examines the role of protein glycosylation in maternal-fetal crosstalk based on two transcriptome datasets from the GEO database (GSE139087 and GSE113790) and existing research, particularly in the context of the mechanism of protein glycosylation and embryo implantation. Dysregulation of protein glycosylation can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as missed abortion and recurrent spontaneous abortion, underscoring the importance of a thorough understanding of protein glycosylation in the diagnosis and treatment of female reproductive disorders. This knowledge could have significant clinical implications, leading to the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Pinho SS, Alves I, Gaifem J, Rabinovich GA. Immune regulatory networks coordinated by glycans and glycan-binding proteins in autoimmunity and infection. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1101-1113. [PMID: 37582971 PMCID: PMC10541879 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is coordinated by an intricate network of stimulatory and inhibitory circuits that regulate host responses against endogenous and exogenous insults. Disruption of these safeguard and homeostatic mechanisms can lead to unpredictable inflammatory and autoimmune responses, whereas deficiency of immune stimulatory pathways may orchestrate immunosuppressive programs that contribute to perpetuate chronic infections, but also influence cancer development and progression. Glycans have emerged as essential components of homeostatic circuits, acting as fine-tuners of immunological responses and potential molecular targets for manipulation of immune tolerance and activation in a wide range of pathologic settings. Cell surface glycans, present in cells, tissues and the extracellular matrix, have been proposed to serve as "self-associated molecular patterns" that store structurally relevant biological data. The responsibility of deciphering this information relies on different families of glycan-binding proteins (including galectins, siglecs and C-type lectins) which, upon recognition of specific carbohydrate structures, can recalibrate the magnitude, nature and fate of immune responses. This process is tightly regulated by the diversity of glycan structures and the establishment of multivalent interactions on cell surface receptors and the extracellular matrix. Here we review the spatiotemporal regulation of selected glycan-modifying processes including mannosylation, complex N-glycan branching, core 2 O-glycan elongation, LacNAc extension, as well as terminal sialylation and fucosylation. Moreover, we illustrate examples that highlight the contribution of these processes to the control of immune responses and their integration with canonical tolerogenic pathways. Finally, we discuss the power of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as a source of immunomodulatory signals that could be leveraged for the treatment of autoimmune inflammation and chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé S Pinho
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Alves
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Gaifem
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Wang D, Zhao Z, Xue X, Shi J, Shi W. Glycans in spent embryo culture medium are related to the implantation ability of blastocysts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16255. [PMID: 37229168 PMCID: PMC10205493 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research question Does glycan profile in spent blastocyst culture medium have the potential to be used as a biomarker to predict implantation outcome. Design A nested case-control study was conducted in Northwest women's and children's Hospital, Xi'an, China. The patients underwent fresh IVF/ICSI cycles with single blastocyst transfer were included. Total 78 cases were included and separated into groups according to success (n = 39) and failure (n = 39) implantation outcomes. The glycosylation patterns in spent blastocyst culture medium were detected by lectin microarray containing 37 lectins using pooled samples and confirmed by reversed lectin microarray using individual sample. Results Binding signals of 10 lectins were found to be different between samples from successful and failed implantation. And 8 of them were confirmed that glycans binding to lectin NPA, UEA-I, MAL-I, LCA and GNA were significantly increased while DBA and BPL were decreased in the successful implantation compared to failed implantation. The glycan binding to lectin PHA-E + L had no difference between two groups. No significant differences in the glycan profile were found in spent culture medium of embryos with different morphological grades except the glycan binding to UEA-I between blastocysts of Poor and blastocysts of Medium. Conclusion Detection of glycan profile in spent culture medium may lead to a novel non-invasive assessment assay of embryo viability. In addition, these results may be helpful to further understanding molecular mechanisms in embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- Translational Medicine Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.1616 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.73 Houzaimen, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghao Zhao
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.73 Houzaimen, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Xue
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.73 Houzaimen, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Translational Medicine Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.1616 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.73 Houzaimen, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Shi
- Translational Medicine Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.1616 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, No.73 Houzaimen, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710003, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Che Y, Wang N, Ma Q, Liu J, Xu Z, Li Q, Wang J, Sun Y. Microbial characterization of the nasal cavity in patients with allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1166389. [PMID: 37180436 PMCID: PMC10166850 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1166389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although recent studies have shown that the human microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, the impact of microbiota on allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (nAR) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the composition of the nasal flora in patients with AR and nAR and their role in the pathogenesis. Method From February to September 2022, 35 AR patients and 35 nAR patients admitted to Harbin Medical University's Second Affiliated Hospital, as well as 20 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period, were subjected to 16SrDNA and metagenomic sequencing of nasal flora. Results The microbiota composition of the three groups of study subjects differs significantly. The relative abundance of Vibrio vulnificus and Acinetobacter baumanni in the nasal cavity of AR patients was significantly higher when compared to nAR patients, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus iners, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, and Escherichia coli was lower. In addition, Lactobacillus murinus and Lacttobacillus kunkeei were also negatively correlated with IgE, while Lacttobacillus kunkeei was positively correlated with age. The relative distribution of Faecalibacterium was higher in moderate than in severe AR patients. According to KEGG functional enrichment annotation, ICMT(protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase,ICMT) is an AR microbiota-specific enzyme that plays a role, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism are more active in AR microbiota. For AR, the model containing Parabacteroides goldstemii, Sutterella-SP-6FBBBBH3, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, and Bacteroides coprocola had the highest the area under the curve (AUC), which was 0.9733(95%CI:0.926-1.000) in the constructed random forest prediction model. The largest AUC for nAR is 0.984(95%CI:0.949-1.000) for the model containing Pseudomonas-SP-LTJR-52, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, Prevotella corporis, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Roseburia inulinivorans. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with AR and nAR had significantly different microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that the nasal microbiota may play a key role in the pathogenesis and symptoms of AR and nAR, providing us with new ideas for the treatment of AR and nAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanan Sun
- *Correspondence: Jingting Wang, ; Yanan Sun,
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15
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Bochner BS, O'Sullivan JA, Chang AT, Youngblood BA. Siglecs in allergy and asthma. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 90:101104. [PMID: 35835621 PMCID: PMC10757266 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The term "allergic diseases" encompasses several common, IgE-mediated conditions that range from being annoying to those that are life-threatening. Available treatments include active avoidance of the instigating allergen and the use of a variety of oral, inhaled, intranasal, intraocular and injected agents. While most individuals with allergies do well with existing therapies, there are still unmet therapeutic needs. Siglecs (sialic acid-binding, immunoglobulin-like lectins) are a family of single-pass transmembrane I-type lectins found on various subsets of cells, especially those of the immune system. All Siglecs have extracellular domains recognizing sialoside ligands, and most contain cytoplasmic domains with inhibitory signaling activity. This review focuses on Siglecs that likely play a role in regulating allergic and asthmatic responses, and how specific Siglecs, expressed on cells such as eosinophils and mast cells, are being targeted for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce S Bochner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jeremy A O'Sullivan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Yu X, Qian J, Ding L, Yin S, Zhou L, Zheng S. Galectin-1: A Traditionally Immunosuppressive Protein Displays Context-Dependent Capacities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076501. [PMID: 37047471 PMCID: PMC10095249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin–Carbohydrate interactions are indispensable to pathogen recognition and immune response. Galectin-1, a ubiquitously expressed 14-kDa protein with an evolutionarily conserved β-galactoside binding site, translates glycoconjugate recognition into function. That galectin-1 is demonstrated to induce T cell apoptosis has led to substantial attention to the immunosuppressive properties of this protein, such as inducing naive immune cells to suppressive phenotypes, promoting recruitment of immunosuppressing cells as well as impairing functions of cytotoxic leukocytes. However, only in recent years have studies shown that galectin-1 appears to perform a pro-inflammatory role in certain diseases. In this review, we describe the anti-inflammatory function of galectin-1 and its possible mechanisms and summarize the existing therapies and preclinical efficacy relating to these agents. In the meantime, we also discuss the potential causal factors by which galectin-1 promotes the progression of inflammation.
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17
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Sun N, Jia Y, Bai S, Li Q, Dai L, Li J. The power of super-resolution microscopy in modern biomedical science. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 314:102880. [PMID: 36965225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) technology that breaks the diffraction limit has revolutionized the field of cell biology since its appearance, which enables researchers to visualize cellular structures with nanometric resolution, multiple colors and single-molecule sensitivity. With the flourishing development of hardware and the availability of novel fluorescent probes, the impact of SRM has already gone beyond cell biology and extended to nanomedicine, material science and nanotechnology, and remarkably boosted important breakthroughs in these fields. In this review, we will mainly highlight the power of SRM in modern biomedical science, discussing how these SRM techniques revolutionize the way we understand cell structures, biomaterials assembly and how assembled biomaterials interact with cellular organelles, and finally their promotion to the clinical pre-diagnosis. Moreover, we also provide an outlook on the current technical challenges and future improvement direction of SRM. We hope this review can provide useful information, inspire new ideas and propel the development both from the perspective of SRM techniques and from the perspective of SRM's applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Shiwei Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Luru Dai
- Wenzhou Institute and Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049.
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18
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Reeves AE, Huang ML. Proximity labeling technologies to illuminate glycan-protein interactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 72:102233. [PMID: 36493526 PMCID: PMC9870929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification read by glycan-binding proteins (GBP) to encode important functions, but a robust understanding of these interactions and their consequences can be challenging to uncover. Glycan-GBP interactions are transient and weak, making them difficult to capture, and glycosylation is dynamic and heterogenous, necessitating study in native cellular environments to identify endogenous ligands. Proximity labeling, an experimental innovation that labels biomolecules close to a protein of interest, has recently emerged as a powerful strategy to overcome these limitations, allowing interactors to be tagged in cells for subsequent enrichment and identification by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. We will describe this nascent technique and discuss its applications in the last five years with different GBP classes, including Siglecs, galectins, and non-human lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Reeves
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mia L Huang
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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19
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Barboza BR, Thomaz SMDO, Junior ADC, Espreafico EM, Miyamoto JG, Tashima AK, Camacho MF, Zelanis A, Roque-Barreira MC, da Silva TA. ArtinM Cytotoxicity in B Cells Derived from Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Depends on Syk and Src Family Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021075. [PMID: 36674590 PMCID: PMC9863955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors on the immune cell surface have a variety of glycans that may account for the immunomodulation induced by lectins, which have a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that binds to monosaccharides or oligosaccharides in a specific manner. ArtinM, a D-mannose-binding lectin obtained from Artocarpus heterophyllus, has affinity for the N-glycans core. Immunomodulation by ArtinM toward the Th1 phenotype occurs via its interaction with TLR2/CD14 N-glycans on antigen-presenting cells, as well as recognition of CD3γ N-glycans on murine CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. ArtinM exerts a cytotoxic effect on Jurkat human leukemic T-cell line and human myeloid leukemia cell line (NB4). The current study evaluated the effects of ArtinM on murine and human B cells derived from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We found that murine B cells are recognized by ArtinM via the CRD, and the ArtinM stimulus did not augment the proliferation rate or production of IL-2. However, murine B cell incubation with ArtinM augmented the rate of apoptosis, and this cytotoxic effect of ArtinM was also seen in human B cell-lines sourced from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Raji cell line. This cytotoxic effect was inhibited by the phosphatase activity of CD45 on Lck, and the protein kinases of the Src family contribute to cell death triggered by ArtinM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rafael Barboza
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria de Oliveira Thomaz
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Airton de Carvalho Junior
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Enilza Maria Espreafico
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Jackson Gabriel Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Keiji Tashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Frota Camacho
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (ICT-UNIFESP), São José dos Campos 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - André Zelanis
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (ICT-UNIFESP), São José dos Campos 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Glycobiology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Aparecido da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy of Invasive Fungal Infections, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3049
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20
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Milanesi F, Unione L, Ardá A, Nativi C, Jiménez-Barbero J, Roelens S, Francesconi O. Biomimetic Tweezers for N-Glycans: Selective Recognition of the Core GlcNAc 2 Disaccharide of the Sialylglycopeptide SGP. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203591. [PMID: 36597924 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, glycomics have shown how pervasive the role of carbohydrates in biological systems is and how chemical tools are essential to investigate glycan function and modulate carbohydrate-mediated processes. Biomimetic receptors for carbohydrates can carry out this task but, although significant affinities and selectivities toward simple saccharides have been achieved, targeting complex glycoconjugates remains a goal yet unattained. In this work we report the unprecedented recognition of a complex biantennary sialylglycopeptide (SGP) by a tweezers-shaped biomimetic receptor, which selectively binds to the core GlcNAc2 disaccharide of the N-glycan with an affinity of 170 μM. Because of the simple structure and the remarkable binding ability, this biomimetic receptor can represent a versatile tool for glycoscience, opening the way to useful applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Milanesi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" DICUS and INSTM, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Unione
- CICbioGUNE, Basque Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CICbioGUNE, Basque Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" DICUS and INSTM, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CICbioGUNE, Basque Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry, II Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Roelens
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" DICUS and INSTM, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Oscar Francesconi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" DICUS and INSTM, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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Enhanced immunogenicity of Mycobacterium bovis BCG through CRISPRi mediated depletion of AftC. Cell Surf 2022; 8:100088. [PMID: 36405350 PMCID: PMC9651938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the disease tuberculosis and affects a third of the world’s population. The recent COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the situation with a projected 27% increase in tuberculosis related deaths. M. tuberculosis has an elaborate cell wall consisting of peptidoglycan, arabinogalactan and mycolic acids which shield the bacilli from the toxic bactericidal milieu within phagocytes. Amongst, the numerous glycosyltransferase enzymes involved in mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis, arabinofuranosyltransferase C (aftC) is responsible for the branching of the arabinan domain in both arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan. Using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats interference (CRISPRi) we have generated aftC knockdowns in Mycobacterium bovis BCG and demonstrated the generation of a truncated, immunogenic lipoarabinomannan within its cell envelope. The aftC depleted BCG mutants were unable to form characteristic mycobacterial pellicular biofilms and elicit a potent immunostimulatory phenotype compared to wild type M. bovis BCG in a THP1 cell line. This study paves the way to further explore novel BCG mutants as promising vaccine boosters in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis.
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22
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Shivatare SS, Shivatare VS, Wong CH. Glycoconjugates: Synthesis, Functional Studies, and Therapeutic Developments. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15603-15671. [PMID: 36174107 PMCID: PMC9674437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often expressed on the cell surfaces. Among the three major classes of glycoconjugates, proteoglycans and glycoproteins contain glycans linked to the protein backbone via amino acid residues such as Asn for N-linked glycans and Ser/Thr for O-linked glycans. In glycolipids, glycans are linked to a lipid component such as glycerol, polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate, fatty acid ester, or sphingolipid. Recently, glycoconjugates have become better structurally defined and biosynthetically understood, especially those associated with human diseases, and are accessible to new drug, diagnostic, and therapeutic developments. This review describes the status and new advances in the biological study and therapeutic applications of natural and synthetic glycoconjugates, including proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. The scope, limitations, and novel methodologies in the synthesis and clinical development of glycoconjugates including vaccines, glyco-remodeled antibodies, glycan-based adjuvants, glycan-specific receptor-mediated drug delivery platforms, etc., and their future prospectus are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Vidya S Shivatare
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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23
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Ho AD, Wu SC, Kamili NA, Blenda AV, Cummings RD, Stowell SR, Arthur CM. An Automated Approach to Assess Relative Galectin-Glycan Affinity Following Glycan Microarray Analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:893185. [PMID: 36032675 PMCID: PMC9403319 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.893185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the utility of glycan microarray analysis for the elucidation of protein-glycan interactions. However, most current glycan microarray studies analyze glycan binding protein (GBP)-glycan interactions at a single protein concentration. While this approach provides useful information related to a GBP's overall binding capabilities, extrapolation of true glycan binding preferences using this method fails to account for printing variations or other factors that may confound relative binding. To overcome this limitation, we examined glycan array binding of three galectins over a range of concentrations to allow for a more complete assessment of binding preferences. This approach produced a richer data set than single concentration analysis and provided more accurate identification of true glycan binding preferences. However, while this approach can be highly informative, currently available data analysis approaches make it impractical to perform binding isotherms for each glycan present on currently available platforms following GBP evaluation. To overcome this limitation, we developed a method to directly optimize the efficiency of assessing association constants following multi-GBP concentration glycan array analysis. To this end, we developed programs that automatically analyze raw array data (kdMining) to generate output graphics (kaPlotting) following array analysis at multiple doses. These automatic programing methods reduced processing time from 32.8 h to 1.67 min. Taken together, these results demonstrate an effective approach to glycan array analysis that provides improved detail and efficiency when compared to previous methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex D. Ho
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shang-Chuen Wu
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nourine A. Kamili
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anna V. Blenda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, United States
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Connie M. Arthur
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Loghry HJ, Sondjaja NA, Minkler SJ, Kimber MJ. Secreted filarial nematode galectins modulate host immune cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:952104. [PMID: 36032131 PMCID: PMC9402972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.952104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a mosquito-borne disease caused by filarial nematodes including Brugia malayi. Over 860 million people worldwide are infected or at risk of infection in 72 endemic countries. The absence of a protective vaccine means that current control strategies rely on mass drug administration programs that utilize inadequate drugs that cannot effectively kill adult parasites, thus established infections are incurable. Progress to address deficiencies in the approach to LF control is hindered by a poor mechanistic understanding of host-parasite interactions, including mechanisms of host immunomodulation by the parasite, a critical adaptation for establishing and maintaining infections. The canonical type 2 host response to helminth infection characterized by anti-inflammatory and regulatory immune phenotypes is modified by filarial nematodes during chronic LF. Current efforts at identifying parasite-derived factors driving this modification focus on parasite excretory-secretory products (ESP), including extracellular vesicles (EVs). We have previously profiled the cargo of B. malayi EVs and identified B. malayi galectin-1 and galectin-2 as among the most abundant EV proteins. In this study we further investigated the function of these proteins. Sequence analysis of the parasite galectins revealed highest homology to mammalian galectin-9 and functional characterization identified similar substrate affinities consistent with this designation. Immunological assays showed that Bma-LEC-2 is a bioactive protein that can polarize macrophages to an alternatively activated phenotype and selectively induce apoptosis in Th1 cells. Our data shows that an abundantly secreted parasite galectin is immunomodulatory and induces phenotypes consistent with the modified type 2 response characteristic of chronic LF infection.
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25
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Temme JS, Gildersleeve JC. General Strategies for Glycan Microarray Data Processing and Analysis. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2460:67-87. [PMID: 34972931 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2148-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycan microarrays provide a high-throughput technology for rapidly profiling interactions between carbohydrates and glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). Use of glycan microarrays involves several general steps, including construction of the microarray, carrying out the assay, detection of binding events, and analysis of the results. While multiple platforms have been developed to construct microarrays, most utilize fluorescence for detection of binding events. This chapter describes methods to acquire and process microarray images, including generating GAL files, imaging of the slide, aligning the grid, detecting problematic spots, and evaluating the quality of the data. The chapter focuses on processing our neoglycoprotein microarrays, but many of the lessons we have learned are applicable to other array formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastian Temme
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
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26
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Read BJ, Won L, Kraft JC, Sappington I, Aung A, Wu S, Bals J, Chen C, Lee KK, Lingwood D, King NP, Irvine DJ. Mannose-binding lectin and complement mediate follicular localization and enhanced immunogenicity of diverse protein nanoparticle immunogens. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110217. [PMID: 35021101 PMCID: PMC8805147 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) vaccine formulations promote immune responses through multiple mechanisms. We recently reported that mannose-binding lectin (MBL) triggers trafficking of glycosylated HIV Env-immunogen NPs to lymph node follicles. Here, we investigate effects of MBL and complement on NP forms of HIV and other viral antigens. MBL recognition of oligomannose on gp120 nanoparticles significantly increases antigen accumulation in lymph nodes and antigen-specific germinal center (GC) responses. MBL and complement also mediate follicular trafficking and enhance GC responses to influenza, HBV, and HPV particulate antigens. Using model protein nanoparticles bearing titrated levels of glycosylation, we determine that mannose patches at a minimal density of 2.1 × 10-3 mannose patches/nm2 are required to trigger follicular targeting, which increases with increasing glycan density up to at least ∼8.2 × 10-3 patches/nm2. Thus, innate immune recognition of glycans has a significant impact on humoral immunity, and these findings provide a framework for engineering glycan recognition to optimize vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Read
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lori Won
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John C Kraft
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Isaac Sappington
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Aereas Aung
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shengwei Wu
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Julia Bals
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chengbo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Biological Physics Structure and Design Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kelly K Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Biological Physics Structure and Design Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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27
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Jang KB, Kim SW. Role of milk carbohydrates in intestinal health of nursery pigs: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:6. [PMID: 34983676 PMCID: PMC8729129 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal health is essential for the resistance to enteric diseases and for nutrient digestion and absorption to support growth. The intestine of nursery pigs are immature and vulnerable to external challenges, which cause negative impacts on the structure and function of the intestine. Among nutritional interventions, the benefits of milk are significant for the intestinal health of pigs. Milk coproducts have traditionally been used in starter feeds to improve the growth of nursery pigs, but their use is somewhat limited due to the high costs and potential risks of excessive lactose on the intestine. Thus, understanding a proper feeding level of milk carbohydrates is an important start of the feeding strategy. For nursery pigs, lactose is considered a highly digestible energy source compared with plant-based starch, whereas milk oligosaccharides are considered bioactive compounds modulating intestinal immunity and microbiota. Therefore, milk carbohydrates, mainly composed of lactose and oligosaccharides, have essential roles in the intestinal development and functions of nursery pigs. The proper feeding levels of lactose in starter feeds could be variable by weaning age, body weight, or genetic lines. Effects of lactose and milk oligosaccharides have been broadly studied in human health and animal production. Therefore, this review focuses on the mechanisms of lactose and milk oligosaccharides affecting intestinal maturation and functions through modulation of enterocyte proliferation, intestinal immunity, and intestinal microbiota of nursery pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Beom Jang
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Poncini CV, Benatar AF, Gomez KA, Rabinovich GA. Galectins in Chagas Disease: A Missing Link Between Trypanosoma cruzi Infection, Inflammation, and Tissue Damage. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:794765. [PMID: 35046919 PMCID: PMC8762303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite causative agent of Chagas disease, affects about seven million people worldwide, representing a major global public health concern with relevant socioeconomic consequences, particularly in developing countries. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, in modulating both T. cruzi infection and immunoregulation. Specifically, we focus on galectin-driven circuits that link parasite invasion and inflammation and reprogram innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding the dynamics of galectins and their β-galactoside-specific ligands during the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection and elucidating their roles in immunoregulation, inflammation, and tissue damage offer new rational opportunities for treating this devastating neglected disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina V. Poncini
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Celular e Inmunopatología de Infecciones, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Medica, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro F. Benatar
- Servicio de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina A. Gomez
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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29
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Immunosuppressive Roles of Galectin-1 in the Tumor Microenvironment. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101398. [PMID: 34680031 PMCID: PMC8533562 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evasion of immune surveillance is an accepted hallmark of tumor progression. The production of immune suppressive mediators by tumor cells is one of the major mechanisms of tumor immune escape. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a pivotal immunosuppressive molecule, is expressed by many types of cancer. Tumor-secreted Gal-1 can bind to glycosylated receptors on immune cells and trigger the suppression of immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the immune evasion of tumors. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature on the expression and function of Gal-1 in the human tumor microenvironment, as well as therapeutics targeting Gal-1.
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Glycan-Dependent Corneocyte Adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis Mediated by the Lectin Subdomain of Aap. mBio 2021; 12:e0290820. [PMID: 34253065 PMCID: PMC8406310 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02908-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) that colonize skin are known to promote skin immunity and inhibit colonization of pathogens that cause skin and soft tissue infections, including Staphylococcus aureus. However, S. epidermidis adherence to corneocytes, the cells that constitute the uppermost layer of the skin epidermis, remains poorly understood. Our study documents that S. epidermidis corneocyte adherence is dependent upon the accumulation-associated protein (Aap). Aap is composed of two distinct A and B domains. The A domain is comprised of a repeat region and a conserved L-type lectin domain, whereas the fibrillar B domain, which is comprised of G5 and E repeats, is linked to the cell wall in a sortase-dependent manner. Our studies revealed that adherence to corneocytes is dependent upon the lectin subdomain within the A domain. However, significant adherence was only observed when the lectin domain was expressed with both the A repeat and the B domain, suggesting further interactions between these three domains. Our data also suggest that the A repeat domain is important for stability or expression of Aap. Deglycosylation treatment suggested that glycans expressed in the host stratum corneum serve as potential binding partners for Aap-mediated corneocyte adherence. Last, bioinformatic analyses of the predominant commensal species of CoNS identified open reading frames (ORFs) homologous to aap, thus suggesting that Aap orthologues containing lectin-like domains may provide the basis for staphylococcal colonization of skin. Corroborating these observations, adherence to corneocytes in an S. aureus mgrA mutant was dependent upon SasG, the Aap orthologue in S. aureus. IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus is the most significant cause of skin and soft tissue infections yet it rarely colonizes the skin of healthy individuals. This is believed to be due, in part, to inhibition of colonization via toxic substances produced by normal skin flora, including by S. epidermidis. Furthermore, we surmise that S. aureus colonization inhibition may also be due to competition for binding sites on host corneocytes. To understand these potential interactions between S. aureus and S. epidermidis and, potentially, other coagulase-negative staphylococci, we must first understand how staphylococci adhere to corneocytes. This work documents that S. epidermidis adherence to corneocytes is dependent upon the fibrillar cell wall-associated protein Aap. Our work further documents that Aap binds to glycans exposed on the corneocyte surface, which are commonly exploited by bacteria to facilitate adherence to host cells. Furthermore, we find that Aap orthologues may be responsible for corneocyte adherence in other staphylococci, including in S. aureus.
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31
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Redman RL, Krauss IJ. Directed Evolution of 2'-Fluoro-Modified, RNA-Supported Carbohydrate Clusters That Bind Tightly to HIV Antibody 2G12. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8565-8571. [PMID: 34096703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate binding proteins (CBPs) are attractive targets in medicine and biology. Multivalency, with several glycans binding to several binding pockets in the CBP, is important for high-affinity interactions. Herein, we describe a novel platform for design of multivalent carbohydrate cluster ligands by directed evolution, in which serum-stable 2'-fluoro modified RNA (F-RNA) backbones evolve to present the glycan in optimal clusters. We have validated this method by the selection of oligomannose (Man9) glycan clusters from a sequence pool of ∼1013 that bind to broadly neutralizing HIV antibody 2G12 with 13 to 36 nM affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Redman
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street MS 015, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Isaac J Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street MS 015, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
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32
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Mammen MJ, Ali J, Aurora A, Sharma UC, Aalinkeel R, Mahajan SD, Sands M, Schwartz SA. IL-17 Is a Key Regulator of Mucin-Galectin-3 Interactions in Asthma. Int J Cell Biol 2021; 2021:9997625. [PMID: 34221020 PMCID: PMC8211528 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9997625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion and chronic airway inflammation are standard characteristics of several airway diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Increased mucus secretion from increased mucin gene expression in the airway epithelium is associated with poor prognosis and mortality. We previously showed that the absence of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) enhances lung inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, and lung remodeling in asthma in an ovalbumin (OVA) asthma model of TIMP-1 knockout (TIMPKO) mice as compared to wild-type (WT) controls and mediated by increased galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels. Additionally, we have shown that in the lung epithelial cell line A549, Gal-3 inhibition increases interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels, leading to increased mucin expression in the airway epithelium. Therefore, in the current study, we further examined the relationship between Gal-3 and the production of IL-17-axis cytokines and critical members of the mucin family in the murine TIMPKO asthma model and the lung epithelium cell line A549. While Gal-3 may regulate a Th1/Th2 response, IL-17 could stimulate the mucin genes, MUC5B and MUC5AC. Gal-3 and IL-17 interactions induce mucus expression in OVA-sensitized mice. We conclude that Gal-3 may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and modulation of Gal-3 may prove helpful in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj J. Mammen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jamil Ali
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Amita Aurora
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Umesh C. Sharma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Ravikumar Aalinkeel
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Mark Sands
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- WNY VA Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA
| | - Stanley A. Schwartz
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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Lin YX, Hung MC, Hsu JL, Hsu JM. The N-linked glycosylations of TIGIT Asn 32 and Asn 101 facilitate PVR/TIGIT interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 562:9-14. [PMID: 34030043 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the PVR/TIGIT immune checkpoint axis has been suggested as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and multiple TIGIT-targeting therapies are undergoing clinical trials, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of PVR/TIGIT interaction remain inconclusive. Here we show that TIGIT N-glycosylations are critical for maintaining the interaction between TIGIT and PVR. TIGIT has two N-glycosylation residues, N32 and N101. N-glycosylation on N101 of TIGIT and, to less extent, on N32, play potent roles in PVR binding. Taken together, these findings suggest that the N-glycosylation sites on TIGIT, especially residue N101, may be potential targets for PVR/TIGIT immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Jye-Lin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Mao Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
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34
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Macedo-da-Silva J, Santiago VF, Rosa-Fernandes L, Marinho CRF, Palmisano G. Protein glycosylation in extracellular vesicles: Structural characterization and biological functions. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:226-246. [PMID: 33933815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles involved in intercellular communication, delivery of biomolecules from donor to recipient cells, cellular disposal and homeostasis, potential biomarkers and drug carriers. The content of EVs includes DNA, lipids, metabolites, proteins, and microRNA, which have been studied in various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, pregnancy, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders. EVs are enriched in glycoconjugates and exhibit specific glycosignatures. Protein glycosylation is a co- and post-translational modification (PTM) that plays an important role in the expression and function of exosomal proteins. N- and O-linked protein glycosylation has been mapped in exosomal proteins. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of glycosylation in EVs proteins. Initially, we describe the main PTMs in EVs with a focus on glycosylation. Then, we explore glycan-binding proteins describing the main findings of studies that investigated the glycosylation of EVs in cancer, pregnancy, infectious diseases, diabetes, mental disorders, and animal fluids. We have highlighted studies that have developed innovative methods for studying the content of EVs. In addition, we present works related to lipid glycosylation. We explored the content of studies deposited in public databases, such as Exocarta and Vesiclepedia. Finally, we discuss analytical methods for structural characterization of glycoconjugates and present an overview of the critical points of the study of glycosylation EVs, as well as perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Macedo-da-Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica F Santiago
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Rosa-Fernandes
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio R F Marinho
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Linclau B, Ardá A, Reichardt NC, Sollogoub M, Unione L, Vincent SP, Jiménez-Barbero J. Fluorinated carbohydrates as chemical probes for molecular recognition studies. Current status and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:3863-3888. [PMID: 32520059 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an extensive summary of the effects of carbohydrate fluorination with regard to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties with respect to regular saccharides. The specific structural, conformational, stability, reactivity and interaction features of fluorinated sugars are described, as well as their applications as probes and in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO171BJ, UK
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | | | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luca Unione
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain. and Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain and Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Oommen A, Cunningham S, Joshi L. Transcriptomic Analysis of Respiratory Tissue and Cell Line Models to Examine Glycosylation Machinery during SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13010082. [PMID: 33435561 PMCID: PMC7827443 DOI: 10.3390/v13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, being the most abundant post-translational modification, plays a profound role affecting expression, localization and function of proteins and macromolecules in immune response to infection. Presented are the findings of a transcriptomic analysis performed using high-throughput functional genomics data from public repository to examine the altered transcription of the human glycosylation machinery in response to SARS-CoV-2 stimulus and infection. In addition to the conventional in silico functional enrichment analysis methods we also present results from the manual analysis of biomedical literature databases to bring about the biological significance of glycans and glycan-binding proteins in modulating the host immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our analysis revealed key immunomodulatory lectins, proteoglycans and glycan epitopes implicated in exerting both negative and positive downstream inflammatory signaling pathways, in addition to its vital role as adhesion receptors for SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. A hypothetical correlation of the differentially expressed human glycogenes with the altered host inflammatory response and the cytokine storm-generated in response to SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is proposed. These markers can provide novel insights into the diverse roles and functioning of glycosylation pathways modulated by SARS-CoV-2, provide avenues of stratification, treatment, and targeted approaches for COVID-19 immunity and other viral infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Oommen
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster (AGRC), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (A.O.); (S.C.)
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephen Cunningham
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster (AGRC), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (A.O.); (S.C.)
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster (AGRC), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (A.O.); (S.C.)
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Lenza MP, Oyenarte I, Diercks T, Quintana JI, Gimeno A, Coelho H, Diniz A, Peccati F, Delgado S, Bosch A, Valle M, Millet O, Abrescia NGA, Palazón A, Marcelo F, Jiménez‐Osés G, Jiménez‐Barbero J, Ardá A, Ereño‐Orbea J. Structural Characterization of N-Linked Glycans in the Receptor Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and their Interactions with Human Lectins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23763-23771. [PMID: 32915505 PMCID: PMC7894318 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The glycan structures of the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV2 spike glycoprotein expressed in human HEK293F cells have been studied by using NMR. The different possible interacting epitopes have been deeply analysed and characterized, providing evidence of the presence of glycan structures not found in previous MS-based analyses. The interaction of the RBD 13 C-labelled glycans with different human lectins, which are expressed in different organs and tissues that may be affected during the infection process, has also been evaluated by NMR. In particular, 15 N-labelled galectins (galectins-3, -7 and -8 N-terminal), Siglecs (Siglec-8, Siglec-10), and C-type lectins (DC-SIGN, MGL) have been employed. Complementary experiments from the glycoprotein perspective or from the lectin's point of view have permitted to disentangle the specific interacting epitopes in each case. Based on these findings, 3D models of the interacting complexes have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Lenza
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Tammo Diercks
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Jon Imanol Quintana
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Helena Coelho
- UCIBIOREQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa2829-516CaparicaPortugal
| | - Ana Diniz
- UCIBIOREQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa2829-516CaparicaPortugal
| | - Francesca Peccati
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Sandra Delgado
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Alexandre Bosch
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Mikel Valle
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Oscar Millet
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Nicola G. A. Abrescia
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science48013BilbaoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Asís Palazón
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science48013BilbaoSpain
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- UCIBIOREQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa2829-516CaparicaPortugal
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez‐Osés
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - Jesús Jiménez‐Barbero
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science48013BilbaoSpain
- Department of Organic Chemistry IIUniversity of the Basque CountryUPV/EHU48940LeioaSpain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
| | - June Ereño‐Orbea
- CIC bioGUNEBasque Research and Technology AllianceBRTABizkaia Technology Park48162DerioSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science48013BilbaoSpain
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Sagini MN, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Berger MR. A subgroup of lactosyl-Sepharose binding proteins requires calcium for affinity and galactose for anti-proliferation. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 334:109354. [PMID: 33309620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lactosyl-Sepharose binding proteins (LSBPs) were recently described in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Suit2-007 cells regarding their lectin-like properties and role in metastasis. This study further investigated how calcium and galactose influence the binding of LSBPs to the lactosyl resin as well as their anti-proliferative effect in Suit2-007 cells. Altered binding of LSBPs to the lactosyl resin was evaluated by affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry. Calcium binding EF-hand proteins were aligned and identified with a motif derived from the Uniprot protein database. The antiproliferative effects of LSBPs and monosaccharides were determined by MTT assay. In addition, LSBPs and galactose effects were investigated by chip array and tumor take in nude rats. LSBPs reduced Suit2-007 cells' proliferation with an IC50 of 125 μg/mL. Coincubation of LSBPs with EGTA decreased the number of LSBPs binding to the lactosyl resin by ~50%. Ca2+ -sensitive LSBPs included subgroups of galactose-sensitive (10%) and EF-hand calcium binding motifs containing (2.5%) proteins. In vitro, the combination of LSBPs with monosaccharides including galactose synergistically decreased cell proliferation compared to single agents (p < 0.05). In addition, LSBPs in combination with galactose prevented the tumor growth of Suit2-007 cells in nude rats, as opposed to single treatments. At mRNA level, the combination treatment modulated 5% of Ca2+ -sensitive LSBPs and downregulated 216 genes, 18% of which were up-regulated during PDAC progression. This study highlights the importance of calcium and galactose in modulating the affinity and anti-proliferative activity of LSBPs and their potential application as therapeutic agents for metastatic PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah N Sagini
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Bioinformatics-Husar Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin R Berger
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Lenza MP, Oyenarte I, Diercks T, Quintana JI, Gimeno A, Coelho H, Diniz A, Peccati F, Delgado S, Bosch A, Valle M, Millet O, Abrescia NGA, Palazón A, Marcelo F, Jiménez‐Osés G, Jiménez‐Barbero J, Ardá A, Ereño‐Orbea J. Structural Characterization of N‐Linked Glycans in the Receptor Binding Domain of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike Protein and their Interactions with Human Lectins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Lenza
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Iker Oyenarte
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Tammo Diercks
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Jon Imanol Quintana
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Helena Coelho
- UCIBIO REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Ana Diniz
- UCIBIO REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Francesca Peccati
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Sandra Delgado
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Alexandre Bosch
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Mikel Valle
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Nicola G. A. Abrescia
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Asís Palazón
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Spain
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- UCIBIO REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez‐Osés
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez‐Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry II University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
| | - June Ereño‐Orbea
- CIC bioGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance BRTA Bizkaia Technology Park 48162 Derio Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Spain
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D’Addio M, Frey J, Otto VI. The manifold roles of sialic acid for the biological functions of endothelial glycoproteins. Glycobiology 2020; 30:490-499. [PMID: 32039454 PMCID: PMC7372927 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelia are covered with a dense glycocalix that is heavily sialylated. Sialylation of vascular glycoconjugates is involved in the regulation of cell-cell interactions, be it among endothelial cells at cell junctions or between endothelial and blood-borne cells. It also plays important roles in modulating the binding of soluble ligands and the signaling by vascular receptors. Here, we provide an overview over the sialylation-function relationships of glycoproteins expressed in the blood and lymphatic vasculature. We first describe cellular interactions in which sialic acid contributes in a stereospecific manner to glycan epitopes recognized by glycan-binding proteins. Our major focus is however on the rarely discussed examples of vascular glycoproteins whose biological functions are modulated by sialylation through other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco D’Addio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Frey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne I Otto
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Denneny E, Sahota J, Beatson R, Thornton D, Burchell J, Porter J. Mucins and their receptors in chronic lung disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e01120. [PMID: 32194962 PMCID: PMC7077995 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition that mucus and mucin biology have a considerable impact on respiratory health, and subsequent global morbidity and mortality. Mucins play a critical role in chronic lung disease, not only by providing a physical barrier and clearing pathogens, but also in immune homeostasis. The aim of this review is to familiarise the reader with the role of mucins in both lung health and disease, with particular focus on function in immunity, infection and inflammation. We will also discuss their receptors, termed glycan-binding proteins, and how they provide an attractive prospect for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Denneny
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
| | - Jagdeep Sahota
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
| | - Richard Beatson
- Breast Cancer Biology Group Division of Cancer Studies King's College London Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - David Thornton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Joy Burchell
- Breast Cancer Biology Group Division of Cancer Studies King's College London Guy's Hospital London UK
| | - Joanna Porter
- Leukocyte Trafficking Laboratory Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair UCL Respiratory Rayne Institute University College London London UK
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42
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of asparagine-linked glycosylation 13 transcript variant 1 causes epilepsy in mice. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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43
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Hao X, Gao M, He L, Ye X, Yang J, Zhang F, Liu R, Wei H. Deficiency of O-linked-glycosylation regulates activation of T cells and aggravates Concanavalin A-induced liver injury. Toxicology 2020; 433-434:152411. [PMID: 32081641 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein glycosylation is involved in immunological recognition and immune cell activation. The role of O-glycosylation in Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) was elucidated in the present study. METHODS Mice were intravenously injected with Con A (10 mg/kg) to establish an AIH mouse model. Here, 24 h prior to administration of Con A, experimental mice were intragastrically administrated with O-glycosylation inhibitor (benzyl-α-GalNAc) at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg, respectively, while control mice were administrated with the same volume of saline. Before and after administration of Con A for 6 and 12 h, mice were sacrificed and their plasma and livers were collected to score liver injury. Peripheral blood, spleen, and thymus were collected for flow cytometry analysis. The expression levels of neutrophilic alkaline phosphatase-3 (NALP3) and NALP6 in liver were evaluated as well. RESULTS Pre-treatment with benzyl-α-GalNAc increased the serum transaminase levels and induced more infiltration and necrosis in livers of Con A administrated mice. The levels of some pro-inflammation cytokines also increased in administrated mice. In addition, pretreatment with benzyl-α-GalNAc up-regulated the expression levels of NALP3 and NALP6. And benzyl-α-GalNAc inhibited the levels of apoptosis of thymus cells and influenced activation of T cells in peripheral blood and spleen of Con A administrated mice, especially that accelerated the physiological progression of CD4+CD25-CD69+ subset. CONCLUSION The present research demonstrated that benzyl-α-GalNAc aggravated Con A-induced AIH, and the role of the O-glycosylation inhibitor as the aggravation may be related to regulation of the levels of cytokines, as well as influencing proliferation of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Meixin Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Lingling He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Xiaohui Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Huaxin Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua Uinversity, A Neighborhood of No.6, Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100016, China.
| | - Junru Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Fuyang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Ran Liu
- Miyun Education Hospital, Capital Medicine University, No. 383 Yangguang Street, Miyun District, Beijing, 101500, China.
| | - Hongshan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, China.
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44
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Verhelst X, Dias AM, Colombel JF, Vermeire S, Van Vlierberghe H, Callewaert N, Pinho SS. Protein Glycosylation as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Chronic Inflammatory Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:95-110. [PMID: 31626754 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are sequences of carbohydrates that are added to proteins or lipids to modulate their structure and function. Glycans modify proteins required for regulation of immune cells, and alterations have been associated with inflammatory conditions. For example, specific glycans regulate T-cell activation, structures, and functions of immunoglobulins; interactions between microbes and immune and epithelial cells; and malignant transformation in the intestine and liver. We review the effects of protein glycosylation in regulation of gastrointestinal and liver functions, and how alterations in glycosylation serve as diagnostic or prognostic factors, or as targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Verhelst
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ana M Dias
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Severine Vermeire
- Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Callewaert
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Gent, Belgium
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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45
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Howard MC, Nauser CL, Farrar CA, Wallis R, Sacks SH. l-Fucose prevention of renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury in Mice. FASEB J 2019; 34:822-834. [PMID: 31914693 PMCID: PMC6972607 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901582r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In a recent study, we identified a fucosylated damage‐associated ligand exposed by ischemia on renal tubule epithelial cells, which after recognition by collectin‐11 (CL‐11 or collectin kidney 1 (CL‐K1)), initiates complement activation and acute kidney injury. We exploited the ability to increase the local tissue concentration of free l‐fucose following systemic administration, in order to block ligand binding by local CL‐11 and prevent complement activation. We achieved a thirty‐five‐fold increase in the intrarenal concentration of l‐fucose following an IP bolus given before the ischemia induction procedure ‐ a concentration found to significantly block in vitro binding of CL‐11 on hypoxia‐stressed renal tubule cells. At this l‐fucose dose, complement activation and acute post‐ischemic kidney injury are prevented, with additional protection achieved by a second bolus after the induction procedure. CL‐11−/− mice gained no additional protection from l‐fucose administration, indicating that the mechanism of l‐fucose therapy was largely CL‐11‐dependent. The hypothesis is that a high dose of l‐fucose delivered to the kidney obstructs the carbohydrate recognition site on CL‐11 thereby reducing complement‐mediated damage following ischemic insult. Further work will examine the utility in preventing post‐ischemic injury during renal transplantation, where acute kidney injury is known to correlate with poor graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Howard
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher L Nauser
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Conrad A Farrar
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Russell Wallis
- Department of Respiratory Science and Infection, University of Leicester, London, UK
| | - Steven H Sacks
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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46
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Correia-Neves M, Sundling C, Cooper A, Källenius G. Lipoarabinomannan in Active and Passive Protection Against Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1968. [PMID: 31572351 PMCID: PMC6749014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids of the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are important immunomodulators in tuberculosis. In particular, lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has a profound effect on the innate immune response. LAM and its structural variants can be recognized by and activate human CD1b-restricted T cells, and emerging evidence indicates that B cells and antibodies against LAM can modulate the immune response to Mtb. Anti-LAM antibodies are induced during Mtb infection and after bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, and monoclonal antibodies against LAM have been shown to confer protection by passive administration in mice and guinea pigs. In this review, we describe the immune response against LAM and the potential use of the mannose-capped arabinan moiety of LAM in the construction of vaccine candidates against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Cooper
- Leicester Tuberculosis Research Group (LTBRG), Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Gunilla Källenius
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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47
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Cobb BA, Jones MB. Special Issue: The role of glycans in immunity and disease. Cell Immunol 2019; 333:1. [PMID: 30554675 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Cobb
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, Ohio, USA.
| | - Mark B Jones
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, Ohio, USA
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48
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Kutzner TJ, Gabba A, FitzGerald FG, Shilova NV, García Caballero G, Ludwig AK, Manning JC, Knospe C, Kaltner H, Sinowatz F, Murphy PV, Cudic M, Bovin NV, Gabius HJ. How altering the modular architecture affects aspects of lectin activity: case study on human galectin-1. Glycobiology 2019; 29:593-607. [PMID: 31091305 PMCID: PMC6639544 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoveries on involvement of glycan-protein recognition in many (patho)physiological processes are directing attention to exploring the significance of a fundamental structural aspect of sugar receptors beyond glycan specificity, i.e., occurrence of distinct types of modular architecture. In order to trace clues for defining design-functionality relationships in human lectins, a lectin's structural unit has been used as source material for engineering custom-made variants of the wild-type protein. Their availability facilitates comparative analysis toward the stated aim. With adhesion/growth-regulatory human galectin-1 as example, the strategy of evaluating how changes of its design (here, from the homodimer of non-covalently associated domains to (i) linker-connected di- and tetramers and (ii) a galectin-3-like protein) affect activity is illustrated by using three assay systems of increasing degree of glycan complexity. Whereas calorimetry with two cognate disaccharides and array testing with 647 (glyco)compounds disclosed no major changes, galectin histochemical staining profiles of tissue sections that present natural glycome complexity revealed differences between wild-type and linker-connected homo-oligomers as well as between the galectin-3-like variant and wild-type galectin-3 for cell-type positivity, level of intensity at the same site and susceptibility for inhibition by a bivalent glycocompound. These results underscore the strength of the documented approach. Moreover, they give direction to proceed to (i) extending its application to other members of this lectin family, especially galectin-3 and (ii) then analyzing impact of architectural alterations on cell surface lattice formation and ensuing biosignaling systematically, considering the variants' potential for translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja J Kutzner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adele Gabba
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Forrest G FitzGerald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton FL, USA
| | - Nadezhda V Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gabriel García Caballero
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Kristin Ludwig
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim C Manning
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Knospe
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fred Sinowatz
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mare Cudic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton FL, USA
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Centre for Kode Technology Innovation, School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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49
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Geissner A, Reinhardt A, Rademacher C, Johannssen T, Monteiro J, Lepenies B, Thépaut M, Fieschi F, Mrázková J, Wimmerova M, Schuhmacher F, Götze S, Grünstein D, Guo X, Hahm HS, Kandasamy J, Leonori D, Martin CE, Parameswarappa SG, Pasari S, Schlegel MK, Tanaka H, Xiao G, Yang Y, Pereira CL, Anish C, Seeberger PH. Microbe-focused glycan array screening platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1958-1967. [PMID: 30670663 PMCID: PMC6369816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800853116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between glycans and glycan binding proteins are essential for numerous processes in all kingdoms of life. Glycan microarrays are an excellent tool to examine protein-glycan interactions. Here, we present a microbe-focused glycan microarray platform based on oligosaccharides obtained by chemical synthesis. Glycans were generated by combining different carbohydrate synthesis approaches including automated glycan assembly, solution-phase synthesis, and chemoenzymatic methods. The current library of more than 300 glycans is as diverse as the mammalian glycan array from the Consortium for Functional Glycomics and, due to its microbial focus, highly complementary. This glycan platform is essential for the characterization of various classes of glycan binding proteins. Applications of this glycan array platform are highlighted by the characterization of innate immune receptors and bacterial virulence factors as well as the analysis of human humoral immunity to pathogenic glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Geissner
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Reinhardt
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Johannssen
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - João Monteiro
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Immunology Unit and Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Jana Mrázková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Wimmerova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frank Schuhmacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Götze
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dan Grünstein
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoqiang Guo
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heung Sik Hahm
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christopher E Martin
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sandip Pasari
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mark K Schlegel
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - You Yang
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claney L Pereira
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Chakkumkal Anish
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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50
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van Beusekom B, Lütteke T, Joosten RP. Making glycoproteins a little bit sweeter with PDB-REDO. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2018; 74:463-472. [PMID: 30084395 PMCID: PMC6096482 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x18004016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common forms of protein post-translational modification, but is also the most complex. Dealing with glycoproteins in structure model building, refinement, validation and PDB deposition is more error-prone than dealing with nonglycosylated proteins owing to limitations of the experimental data and available software tools. Also, experimentalists are typically less experienced in dealing with carbohydrate residues than with amino-acid residues. The results of the reannotation and re-refinement by PDB-REDO of 8114 glycoprotein structure models from the Protein Data Bank are analyzed. The positive aspects of 3620 reannotations and subsequent refinement, as well as the remaining challenges to obtaining consistently high-quality carbohydrate models, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart van Beusekom
- Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Insitute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Lütteke
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 100, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Robbie P. Joosten
- Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Insitute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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