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Merlo S, Briley PM. Allergies, asthma, and sleep problems in adults who stutter. JOURNAL OF FLUENCY DISORDERS 2024; 81:106063. [PMID: 38851135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2024.106063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have suggested that allergies, asthma, and sleep problems are prevalent in those who stutter. This study analyzed similar data for a broad age group of adults who stutter (AWS). METHOD Data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Adults from 18 to 60 + years of age reported a) to have stuttered, b) to have had any allergy, asthma, or acid reflux, c) to have had insomnia/trouble sleeping and daytime negative consequences, and d) average sleeping hours per day in the past 12 months. RESULTS The sample included 320 AWS and 33,043 controls. AWS were at greater odds of respiratory, food, and skin allergies (OR = 2.38, 2.36, and 2.09, respectively), as well as asthma and acid reflux (OR = 2.30 and 2.01, respectively) than controls. AWS were at greater odds of insomnia/trouble sleeping, oversleeping, excessive sleepiness, and fatigue than controls (OR = 2.11, 1.71, 2.67, and 1.81, respectively). The subgroup of AWS with no allergy, asthma, and acid reflux were also at greater odds of insomnia/trouble sleeping and excessive sleepiness than controls (OR = 2.13 and 3.11, respectively). Differences were found in specific age groups: younger/middle-aged AWS reported more allergies, asthma, and acid reflux than controls, while older AWS did not; younger/middle-aged AWS reported more insomnia/trouble sleeping than controls, while older AWS reported more oversleeping. CONCLUSIONS Findings on younger and middle-aged AWS are similar to previous ones on children and adolescents who stutter. Differences regarding younger/middle-aged and older AWS could be consequence of environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Merlo
- Brazilian Fluency Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Patrick M Briley
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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2
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Buta F, Paoletti G, Bragato MC, Giovannini M, Canonica GW, Heffler E. Real-world evidence of allergen immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:00130832-990000000-00151. [PMID: 39212626 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The full understanding of the long-term effectiveness and safety of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for allergic respiratory diseases cannot be achieved through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) alone. However, real-world studies designed as registries can complement RCTs. RECENT FINDINGS The significance of registries is highlighted by their potential to reassess contraindications and collect data on adult and pediatric patients with multiple comorbidities who are often excluded from RCTs. SUMMARY AIT is the sole disease-modifying therapeutic approach capable of inducing tolerance and offering a long-term response to allergens. AIT has been shown to play a role in arresting the 'allergic march' in young people, which reduces the risk of developing asthmatic clinical manifestations. Although RCTs are considered the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy and safety of AIT, their duration is usually too short (seldom lasting more than 1 year) to assess the long-term effects of AIT. Several long-term studies show that AIT's effect depends strongly on its use duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Buta
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina
| | - Giovanni Paoletti
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele
| | - Maria Chiara Bragato
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano
| | - Mattia Giovannini
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giorgio Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele
| | - Enrico Heffler
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele
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3
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Qian Y, Zhao Y, Tang L, Ye D, Chen Q, Zhu H, Ye H, Xu G, Liu L. Short-term effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on outpatients with allergic airway disease in Ningbo, China, 2015-2021. Public Health 2024; 236:52-59. [PMID: 39163744 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The allergic airway disease, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, is a general term of a range of inflammatory disorders affecting the upper and lower airways and lung parenchyma. This study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on AAD-related daily outpatient visits. STUDY DESIGN An ecological study. METHODS Data on outpatient visits due to AAD (n = 4,554,404) were collected from the platform of the Ningbo Health Information from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. A Quasi-Poisson generalized additive regression model was established to analyze the lag effects of air pollution on daily outpatient visits for AAD. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to explore the potential non-linear relationships between air pollutants and meteorological and daily outpatient visits for AAD. RESULTS PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, or CO were associated with daily outpatient visits for AAD, and there was a significant increasing trend in the cumulative lag effects. SO2 had the largest effect at Lag07, with a 25.3% (95% CI: 21.6%-29.0%) increase in AAD for every 10 μg/m3 increase in exposure concentration. Subgroup analysis showed that the 0-18 years old age group had the strongest effects, especially for AR, and all effects were stronger in the cold season. CONCLUSIONS Given that patients aged 0-18 are more susceptible to environmental changes, protective measures specifically for children should be taken during dry and cold weather conditions with poor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Qian
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, China
| | - L Tang
- Ningbo Health Information Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - D Ye
- Ningbo Health Information Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Ningbo NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Zhu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Ye
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - G Xu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - L Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China; Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Yang L, Gao K, Gong W, Li C, Chen N, Li T, Wang S, Ni J, Yang J. Sources of Allergens Detected Through Allergen-Specific Serum IgE Antibody Test in Children with Suspected Allergic Diseases in Central China. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:769-781. [PMID: 39157426 PMCID: PMC11328856 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s469503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although allergic diseases in children are on the rise, there has been no comprehensive investigation of the allergens affecting children with allergic diseases in central China. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the distribution of serum allergen species among children with allergic conditions in central China to inform the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of childhood allergies. Patients and Methods A total of 9213 children (5543 males with 2.88 ± 0.04 years old and 3670 females with 2.91 ± 0.05 years old) underwent allergen screening, and serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies were detected using an automated fluorescent enzyme immunoassay system. Results Our findings revealed a total sIgE-positive rate (sIgE-PR) of 57.83%, with mixed food (42.10%), egg whites (30.83%), milk (28.97%), mixed dust mites (24.57%), and mixed molds (23.20%) being the most prevalent source of allergens. The sIgE-PR for common sources of allergens exhibited significant sex-based differences, with males having greater susceptibility than females (p<0.05). Dust mites were the primary source of inhaled allergens, whereas egg white was the predominant source of food allergens. Sources of food allergens were most dominant among infants (0-3 years old); sIgE-PRs for most source of food allergens decreased with age, whereas those for most source of inhaled allergens increased. The autumn sIgE-PRs for mixed molds, weed pollen combinations, and tree pollen combinations were significantly higher than those found in other seasons (p<0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that sources of allergens profiles in children with allergies vary across age groups and seasons. Understanding these patterns can improve the effective prevention of childhood allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ci Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiewei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Ni
- Research and Development Center, Guangdong Meilikang Bio-Science Ltd, Foshan, GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China
- Department of Detection and Diagnosis Technology Research, Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Korn LL, Kutyavin VI, Bachtel ND, Medzhitov R. Adverse Food Reactions: Physiological and Ecological Perspectives. Annu Rev Nutr 2024; 44:155-178. [PMID: 38724028 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061021-022909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
While food is essential for survival, it can also cause a variety of harmful effects, ranging from intolerance to specific nutrients to celiac disease and food allergies. In addition to nutrients, foods contain myriads of substances that can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on the animals consuming them. Consequently, all animals evolved defense mechanisms that protect them from harmful food components. These "antitoxin" defenses have some parallels with antimicrobial defenses and operate at a cost to the animal's fitness. These costs outweigh benefits when defense responses are exaggerated or mistargeted, resulting in adverse reactions to foods. Additionally, pathological effects of foods can stem from insufficient defenses, due to unabated toxicity of harmful food components. We discuss the structure of antitoxin defenses and how their failures can lead to a variety of adverse food reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Korn
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
| | - Vassily I Kutyavin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
| | - Nathaniel D Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA;
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Hellberg U, Sverremark-Ekström E, Nopp A, Nilsson C. Allergy in Young Adults Associates with Elevated Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels and IgE-Verified Parental Allergy but Is Confounded by Self-Reported Symptoms. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39068912 DOI: 10.1159/000539968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge of IgE-verified allergy in young adults is limited as most studies are based on self-reported data. Allergic heredity is important in allergy development in early life, but less is known about the hereditary component later in life. The aim was to investigate IgE-verified and self-reported allergy and asthma at 20 years of age in association to parental allergy and environmental factors. METHODS In total, 281 individuals born into the cohort of well-characterized parents regarding allergic disease were followed to 20 years of age. The participants were categorized by parental allergy and examined regarding allergic diseases (IgE sensitization and allergic symptoms) at 2, 5, 10, and 20 years of age. FeNO was measured at 10 and 20 years. RESULTS In total, 45% of the study participants were allergic, with twice as many self-reported cases at age 20. Rhinitis was key to distinguishing confirmed allergy from self-reported. Having two allergic parents and increased FeNO were associated with an increased prevalence of allergic disease at 20 years. From a longitudinal perspective, rhinitis increased from childhood to young adulthood, in all heredity groups. CONCLUSION In this longitudinal study, we have shown that two allergic parents as well as increased FeNO levels seem to be of importance for being allergic at 20 years old. Self-reported allergy was overreported - a result that should be considered in future survey-based reports on allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Hellberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Sverremark-Ekström
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nopp
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kistler W, Villiger M, Villiger B, Yazici D, Pat Y, Mitamura Y, Ardicli S, Skolnick S, Dhir R, Akdis M, Nadeau K, Ogulur I, Akdis CA. Epithelial barrier theory in the context of nutrition and environmental exposure in athletes. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 39011970 DOI: 10.1111/all.16221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to toxic substances, introduced into our daily lives during industrialization and modernization, can disrupt the epithelial barriers in the skin, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems, leading to microbial dysbiosis and inflammation. Athletes and physically active individuals are at increased risk of exposure to agents that damage the epithelial barriers and microbiome, and their extreme physical exercise exerts stress on many organs, resulting in tissue damage and inflammation. Epithelial barrier-damaging substances include surfactants and enzymes in cleaning products, laundry and dishwasher detergents, chlorine in swimming pools, microplastics, air pollutants such as ozone, particulate matter, and diesel exhaust. Athletes' high-calorie diet often relies on processed foods that may contain food emulsifiers and other additives that may cause epithelial barrier dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis. The type of the material used in the sport equipment and clothing and their extensive exposure may increase the inflammatory effects. Excessive travel-related stress, sleep disturbances and different food and microbe exposure may represent additional factors. Here, we review the detrimental impact of toxic agents on epithelial barriers and microbiome; bring a new perspective on the factors affecting the health and performance of athletes and physically active individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Kistler
- Medical Committee International Ice Hockey Federation, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Research Institute for Sports Medicine (SRISM), Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, Davos Hospital, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Michael Villiger
- Swiss Research Institute for Sports Medicine (SRISM), Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, Davos Hospital, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Beat Villiger
- Swiss Research Institute for Sports Medicine (SRISM), Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, Davos Hospital, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Skolnick
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Seed Health Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raja Dhir
- Seed Health Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Research Institute for Sports Medicine (SRISM), Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Retzinger AC, Retzinger GS. The Acari Hypothesis, IV: revisiting the role of hygiene in allergy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1415124. [PMID: 39055609 PMCID: PMC11270752 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1415124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergy and its manifestations were first appreciated in the 1870 s. Today, the mechanism by which specific substances elicit allergic reactions remains poorly understood. This is problematic from a healthcare perspective because the prevalence of allergic disease and its societal costs are substantial. Regarding mechanistic understanding of allergy, a new proposal, The Acari Hypothesis, has been forwarded. The Hypothesis, borne from consideration of alpha-gal syndrome, postulates that acarians, i.e., mites and ticks, are operative agents of allergy. By way of their pathogenic payloads and salivary pattern recognition receptor(s), acarians potentiate in human hosts the generation of IgE against acarian dietary elements. Those elements account for most, if not all, known human allergens. Inasmuch as acarian-human interactions occur on human epithelial surfaces, it is to be expected factors that influence the presence and/or operation of acarians on those surfaces influence the expression of allergic diseases. In this report, it is proposed that two adaptations of catarrhine primates, i.e., Old World monkeys, apes and humans, evolved to deter acarian species: firstly, the expansion of eccrine glands across the entirety of body surface area, and, secondly, the secretion of sweat by those glands. Contemporary hygienic practices that reduce and/or disrupt the operation of eccrine glands are likely responsible for the increase in allergic disease seen today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Retzinger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden Clark Medical Center, West Virginia University, Parkersburg, WV, United States
| | - Gregory S. Retzinger
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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9
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Katsanakis N, Xepapadaki P, Koumprentziotis IA, Vidalis P, Lakoumentas J, Kritikou M, Papadopoulos NG. Total IgE Trends in Children with Allergic Diseases. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3990. [PMID: 38999554 PMCID: PMC11242130 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The importance of non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of allergic diseases in childhood is currently unknown. From this perspective, data on the role of the total (t) immunoglobulin E (IgE) in relation to different allergic diseases across different age groups until adulthood remain unclear. The potential association of tIgE levels with types of allergic diseases diagnosed in an specialized tertiary allergy center, in relation to sex and the age group spanning from birth to 20 years, are evaluated in the present study. Methods: In this retrospective study, the tIgE values were obtained from children assessed for allergy-associated symptoms in our department from January 2015 to December 2020. The tIgE values were analyzed in relation to age and diagnosis. Results: Data from 2127 patients (1321 boys (62.1%)), with a median age of 6.31 (3.01-9.95) years, were available. The tIgE median values for the studied population were 132 (37.7-367.5) kU/lt. The tIgE values showed a significant increase from 0-2 years to 2-5 and 5-12 years, but not from 5-12 to 12-20 years. Boys exhibited significantly higher tIgE values compared to girls. Furthermore, the tIgE levels were significantly increased in children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis in comparison to children without these diagnoses. Conclusions: The total IgE values exhibit a significant and progressive longitudinal increase in children with allergic diseases, particularly notable in the 0-2 and 5-12 age groups, in boys, and in children diagnosed with atopic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Kritikou
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (P.X.); (I.-A.K.); (P.V.); (J.L.); (N.G.P.)
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10
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Jorgensen R, Arul Arasan TS, Srkalovic MB, Van Antwerp C, Ng PKW, Gangur V. Glutenin from the Ancient Wheat Progenitor Is Intrinsically Allergenic as It Can Clinically Sensitize Mice for Systemic Anaphylaxis by Activating Th2 Immune Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7324. [PMID: 39000431 PMCID: PMC11242169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat allergy is a major type of food allergy with the potential for life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Common wheat, Triticum aestivum (hexaploid, AABBDD genome), was developed using tetraploid wheat (AABB genome) and the ancient diploid wheat progenitor (DD genome)-Aegilops tauschii. The potential allergenicity of gluten from ancient diploid wheat is unknown. In this study, using a novel adjuvant-free gluten allergy mouse model, we tested the hypothesis that the glutenin extract from this ancient wheat progenitor will be intrinsically allergenic in this model. The ancient wheat was grown, and wheat berries were used to extract the glutenin for testing. A plant protein-free colony of Balb/c mice was established and used in this study. The intrinsic allergic sensitization potential of the glutenin was determined by measuring IgE response upon transdermal exposure without the use of an adjuvant. Clinical sensitization for eliciting systemic anaphylaxis (SA) was determined by quantifying the hypothermic shock response (HSR) and the mucosal mast cell response (MMCR) upon intraperitoneal injection. Glutenin extract elicited a robust and specific IgE response. Life-threatening SA associated and a significant MMCR were induced by the glutenin challenge. Furthermore, proteomic analysis of the spleen tissue revealed evidence of in vivo Th2 pathway activation. In addition, using a recently published fold-change analysis method, several immune markers positively and negatively associated with SA were identified. These results demonstrate for the first time that the glutenin from the ancient wheat progenitor is intrinsically allergenic, as it has the capacity to elicit clinical sensitization for anaphylaxis via activation of the Th2 pathway in vivo in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Jorgensen
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Tamil Selvan Arul Arasan
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Maya Blanka Srkalovic
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Chris Van Antwerp
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Perry K W Ng
- Cereal Science Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Venu Gangur
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
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11
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Ozdemir C, Kucuksezer UC, Ogulur I, Pat Y, Yazici D, Ardicli S, Akdis M, Nadeau K, Akdis CA. Lifestyle Changes and Industrialization in the Development of Allergic Diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024; 24:331-345. [PMID: 38884832 PMCID: PMC11233349 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Modernization and Westernization in industrialized and developing nations is associated with a substantial increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases. This transformation has far-reaching effects on lifestyles, impacting areas such as economics, politics, social life, and culture, all of which, in turn, have diverse influences on public health. Loss of contact with nature, alternations in the microbiota, processed food consumption, exposure to environmental pollutants including chemicals, increased stress and decreased physical activity jointly result in increases in the frequency of inflammatory disorders including allergies and many autoimmune and neuropsychiatric diseases. This review aims to investigate the relationship between Western lifestyle and inflammatory disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Several hypotheses have been put forth trying to explain the observed increases in these diseases, such as 'Hygiene Hypothesis', 'Old Friends', and 'Biodiversity and Dysbiosis'. The recently introduced 'Epithelial Barrier Theory' incorporates these former hypotheses and suggests that toxic substances in cleaning agents, laundry and dishwasher detergents, shampoos, toothpastes, as well as microplastic, packaged food and air pollution damage the epithelium of our skin, lungs and gastrointestinal system. Epithelial barrier disruption leads to decreased biodiversity of the microbiome and the development of opportunistic pathogen colonization, which upon interaction with the immune system, initiates local and systemic inflammation. Gaining a deeper comprehension of the interplay between the environment, microbiome and the immune system provides the data to assist with legally regulating the usage of toxic substances, to enable nontoxic alternatives and to mitigate these environmental challenges essential for fostering a harmonious and healthy global environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child Health, Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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Selmonaj Rama M, Tahirbegolli B, Sopjani M. Hematological, Biochemical, and Serum Levels of Allergic Mediators in Individuals with and without Allergic Rhinitis. J Asthma Allergy 2024; 17:539-549. [PMID: 38855057 PMCID: PMC11162213 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s461295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most prevalent form of non-infectious rhinitis and is characterized by an immune response mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Aim This study aims to compare the levels of biochemical markers and other parameters in individuals with AR, non-allergic rhinitis(n-AR), allergic rhinitis accompanied by symptoms of the lower respiratory tract(AR-SLRT), and healthy controls. Study Design Case control study. Methods Blood samples from the three study groups, AR (n = 22), n-AR (n=20), AR-SLRT group (n = 21), and the control group (n = 18), were analyzed to ascertain the levels of total IgE, specific IgE, periostin, pendrin, vitamin D, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (Ft3), free thyroxine (Ft4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), as well as the leukocyte formula and hemogram. Results The AR and n-AR groups had significantly higher hematocrit values in comparison to the control group(p<0.05). Further, eosinophil counts were significantly higher in the AR and AR-SLRT groups than in the control group(p<0.05). Total IgE levels were significantly higher in the AR-SLRT group than in the AR, n-AR, and control groups (p<0.05). The AR group had higher total IgE values compared to the control group and the n-AR group(p<0.05). The values of ECP, periostin, pendrin, Ft3, Ft4, TSH, anti-TPO, and vitamin D did not differ significantly between the groups(p>0.05). Conclusion All the investigated groups did not differ in ECP, periostin, pendrin, Ft3, Ft4, TSH, anti-TPO, or vitamin D parameters. The groups with positive AR and AR-SLRT had higher eosinophil counts than the control group. The group with AR-SLRT had higher total IgE concentrations than the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Selmonaj Rama
- Physiology with Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Bernard Tahirbegolli
- Management of Health Institutions and Services Department, Heimerer College, Prishtina, Kosova
- Sports Medicine Department, National Sports Medicine Centre, Prishtina, Kosova
| | - Mentor Sopjani
- Department of Premedical Courses, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosova
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Ramkumar D, Marty A, Ramkumar J, Rosencranz H, Vedantham R, Goldman M, Meyer E, Steinmetz J, Weckle A, Bloedorn K, Rosier C. Food for thought: Making the case for food produced via regenerative agriculture in the battle against non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). One Health 2024; 18:100734. [PMID: 38711478 PMCID: PMC11070632 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic strain. Our review underscores the escalating incidence of NCDs worldwide and highlights the potential of regenerative agriculture (RA) products in mitigating these diseases. We also explore the efficacy of dietary interventions in NCD management and prevention, emphasizing the superiority of plant-based diets over those high in processed foods and red meat. Examining the role of the gut microbiome in various diseases, including liver disorders, allergies, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer, we find compelling evidence implicating its influence on disease development. Notably, dietary modifications can positively affect the gut microbiome, fostering a symbiotic relationship with the host and making this a critical strategy in disease prevention and treatment. Investigating agricultural practices, we identify parallels between soil/plant and human microbiome studies, suggesting a crucial link between soil health, plant- and animal-derived food quality, and human well-being. Conventional/Industrial agriculture (IA) practices, characterized in part by use of chemical inputs, have adverse effects on soil microbiome diversity, food quality, and ecosystems. In contrast, RA prioritizes soil health through natural processes, and includes avoiding synthetic inputs, crop rotation, and integrating livestock. Emerging evidence suggests that food from RA systems surpasses IA-produced food in quality and nutritional value. Recognizing the interconnection between human, plant, and soil microbiomes, promoting RA-produced foods emerges as a strategy to improve human health and environmental sustainability. By mitigating climate change impacts through carbon sequestration and water cycling, RA offers dual benefits for human and planetary health and well-being. Emphasizing the pivotal role of diet and agricultural practices in combating NCDs and addressing environmental concerns, the adoption of regional RA systems becomes imperative. Increasing RA integration into local food systems can enhance food quality, availability, and affordability while safeguarding human health and the planet's future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davendra Ramkumar
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Aileen Marty
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Japhia Ramkumar
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Holly Rosencranz
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Radhika Vedantham
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Modan Goldman
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Erin Meyer
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
| | - Jasia Steinmetz
- University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point 202 College of Professional Studies, Stevens Point, WI 54481-3897, USA
| | - Amy Weckle
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Kelly Bloedorn
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
| | - Carl Rosier
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
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Cronin C, Salzberg N, Woon Y, Wurttele JT. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of food allergy: current practices and future directions. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2024; 52:32-44. [PMID: 38459888 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i2.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of food allergies has risen around the globe, and experts have been exploring methods of preventing such allergies in young children to ease the burden of disease and reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by anaphylaxis to food allergens. Such preventative measures can be categorised as primary, secondary and tertiary prevention, which are discussed in detail in this review. Primary prevention is defined as the prevention of becoming sensitised towards specific allergens. The evidence suggests that avoiding common allergenic foods during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not protective against food allergies, and guidelines recommend weaning from 4 to 6 months of age, with recent studies supporting the early introduction of peanuts at 4 months to prevent peanut allergy. Secondary prevention targets patients who are already sensitised and aims to halt the progression of sensitisation, with evidence for high rates of success and safety in trials of early introduction to milk and peanuts using oral immunotherapy in sensitised infants. Tertiary allergy prevention focuses on reducing the risk of a patient having anaphylaxis, with oral immunotherapy being the most common method of promoting tolerance in allergic children. Several studies have demonstrated successful reintroduction for milk, egg and peanut; however, no such guidelines are recommended for other foods. Finally, dietary advancement therapy in the form of milk and egg ladders has been employed as a method of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of allergies, particularly in Ireland, the UK and Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhe Cronin
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Cork University Hospital, Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), HRB Clinical Research Facility Cork (CRF-C), Cork, Ireland
| | - Noah Salzberg
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Yuxin Woon
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Juan Trujillo Wurttele
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Cork University Hospital, Irish Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research (INFANT), HRB Clinical Research Facility Cork (CRF-C), Cork, Ireland;
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15
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Kuśmierek M, Chęsy A, Krogulska A. Diet Diversity During Infancy and the Prevalence of Sensitization and Allergy in Children up to 3 Years of Age in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:375-387. [PMID: 37293949 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231175469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study examines the influence of a diversified diet, changes in the consistency of introduced foods, and the method of meal preparation during infancy on the development of sensitization and/or allergy in toddlers. Introducing more product groups into the diet reduced the risk of allergy at 6 months of age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.71; P = 0.015) and at 12 months (aOR = 0.14; 95% CI 0.03-0.57; P = 0.006). Children with allergy and/or sensitization had been introduced to fewer product groups at 6 months (P = 0.003; P < 0.001; P = 0.008) and at 12 months (P = 0.001, P < 0.001; P = 0.001) compared with those without allergy and/or sensitization. Children with allergy and/or sensitization were fed ready-made, ie, purchased, products significantly more often than self-prepared foods compared with children without allergy and/or sensitization (P = 0.001; P = 0.006). Allergic and/or sensitized children tended to be switched to solids later (11 vs 10 months, P = 0.041; P = 0.037) (12 vs 10 months, P = 0.013) than children without sensitization and/or allergy. The earlier introduction of a varied diet reduced the risk of allergy and/or sensitization. Delaying the introduction of solid foods and using ready-made products instead of self-prepared ones increases the risk of allergy in toddlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kuśmierek
- Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Andrzej Chęsy
- Higher School of Health Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aneta Krogulska
- Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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16
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Lin YJ, Zimmermann J, Schülke S. Novel adjuvants in allergen-specific immunotherapy: where do we stand? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348305. [PMID: 38464539 PMCID: PMC10920236 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I hypersensitivity, or so-called type I allergy, is caused by Th2-mediated immune responses directed against otherwise harmless environmental antigens. Currently, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment with the potential to re-establish clinical tolerance towards the corresponding allergen(s). However, conventional AIT has certain drawbacks, including long treatment durations, the risk of inducing allergic side effects, and the fact that allergens by themselves have a rather low immunogenicity. To improve AIT, adjuvants can be a powerful tool not only to increase the immunogenicity of co-applied allergens but also to induce the desired immune activation, such as promoting allergen-specific Th1- or regulatory responses. This review summarizes the knowledge on adjuvants currently approved for use in human AIT: aluminum hydroxide, calcium phosphate, microcrystalline tyrosine, and MPLA, as well as novel adjuvants that have been studied in recent years: oil-in-water emulsions, virus-like particles, viral components, carbohydrate-based adjuvants (QS-21, glucans, and mannan) and TLR-ligands (flagellin and CpG-ODN). The investigated adjuvants show distinct properties, such as prolonging allergen release at the injection site, inducing allergen-specific IgG production while also reducing IgE levels, as well as promoting differentiation and activation of different immune cells. In the future, better understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying the effects of these adjuvants in clinical settings may help us to improve AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ju Lin
- Section Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Schülke
- Section Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
- Section Research Allergology (ALG 5), Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
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17
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Storni F, Vogel M, Bachmann MF, Engeroff P. IgG in the control of FcεRI activation: a battle on multiple fronts. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1339171. [PMID: 38274816 PMCID: PMC10808611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising global incidence of IgE-mediated allergic reactions poses a significant challenge to the quality of life of affected individuals and to healthcare systems, with current treatments being limited in effectiveness, safety, and disease-modifying capabilities. IgE acts by sensitizing the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI expressed by mast cells and basophils, tuning these cells for inflammatory degranulation in response to future allergen encounters. In recent years, IgG has emerged as an essential negative regulator of IgE-dependent allergic inflammation. Mechanistically, studies have proposed different pathways by which IgG can interfere with the activation of IgE-mediated inflammation. Here, we briefly summarize the major proposed mechanisms of action by which IgG controls the IgE-FcεRI inflammatory axis and how those mechanisms are currently applied as therapeutic interventions for IgE-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Storni
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Arifuzzaman M, Collins N, Guo CJ, Artis D. Nutritional regulation of microbiota-derived metabolites: Implications for immunity and inflammation. Immunity 2024; 57:14-27. [PMID: 38198849 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Nutrition profoundly shapes immunity and inflammation across the lifespan of mammals, from pre- and post-natal periods to later life. Emerging insights into diet-microbiota interactions indicate that nutrition has a dominant influence on the composition-and metabolic output-of the intestinal microbiota, which in turn has major consequences for host immunity and inflammation. Here, we discuss recent findings that support the concept that dietary effects on microbiota-derived metabolites potently alter immune responses in health and disease. We discuss how specific dietary components and metabolites can be either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory in a context- and tissue-dependent manner during infection, chronic inflammation, and cancer. Together, these studies emphasize the influence of diet-microbiota crosstalk on immune regulation that will have a significant impact on precision nutrition approaches and therapeutic interventions for managing inflammation, infection, and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Nicholas Collins
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chun-Jun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Yamamoto-Hanada K, Ohya Y. Overviewing allergy epidemiology in Japan - Findings from birth cohorts (JECS and T-Child study). Allergol Int 2024; 73:20-30. [PMID: 38044191 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The escalating global allergy epidemic has emerged as a pressing and persistent challenge, exerting a profound impact on human health systems across centuries. This burgeoning predicament can be attributed to contemporary lifestyles, environmental influences, and genetic predispositions. The manifestation of allergy-related factors exhibits dynamic fluctuations contingent on temporal shifts, geographical distinctions, cultural variances, and diverse demographic strata. In this review, we present recent epidemiological insights derived from two distinct birth cohorts: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), encompassing the entirety of Japan, and the Tokyo Children's Health, Illness, and Development Study (T-Child Study) within Tokyo. Through this comprehensive review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the latest epidemiological discoveries stemming from these pivotal Japanese birth cohorts, thereby affording a unique opportunity to deliberate on imperative strategies for the optimal management of the allergy epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Suport Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Suport Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Ran Z, Wang B, Zhang SY. Associations of exposure to metals with total and allergen-specific IgE: An NHANES analysis (2005-2006). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167385. [PMID: 37777136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a diagnostic biomarker for allergic diseases. While some metal exposure has been found to be associated with allergic diseases, there are still a lot of knowledge gaps regarding the relationship between metal exposure and allergen-specific IgE antibodies, particularly in adults. METHODS We included a total of 1433 adult participants from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), all of whom had concentrations of 10 metals (including Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Cesium (Cs), Molybdenum (Mo), Lead (Pb), Antimony (Sb), Thallium (Tl), Tungsten (Tu), and Uranium (Ur)) in urine, as well as measurements of 19 allergen-specific IgE and total IgE antibodies. Linear regression, logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to estimate associations between metals and total and allergen-specific IgE. RESULTS Linear regression models revealed a positive correlation between Pb and Cd levels and the total IgE levels. Furthermore, the WQS and BKMR models suggested a positive association between mixed metals and total IgE levels, with the WQS model highlighting Pb and Cd as the major contributors. Logistic regression models showed positive correlations between Pb and food sensitization, Ur and plant sensitization, negative correlations between Cs and plant sensitization, Co and dust mite and pet sensitization, Mo and dust mite and cockroach sensitization, and Tl and mold sensitization. Moreover, the BKMR results indicated a statistically significant negative correlation between mixed metals and mold sensitization. CONCLUSION According to the research findings, exposure to metals is associated with total and allergen-specific IgE in American adults. Further assessment of these relationships is necessary in representative populations of other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujie Ran
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shu-Yun Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China.
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21
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Jorgensen R, Gao H, Arul Arasan TS, Van Antwerp C, Sundar V, Ng PKW, Gangur V. Is Wheat Glutenin Extract Intrinsically Allergenic? Evaluation Using a Novel Adjuvant-Free Mouse Model of Systemic Anaphylaxis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17247. [PMID: 38139075 PMCID: PMC10743909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is a prominent allergenic food that can trigger life-threatening anaphylaxis. Presently, it remains unclear whether wheat glutenin (WG) extract possesses inherent sensitization potential independently, without the use of adjuvants, and whether it can sensitize mice to the extent of inducing life-threatening systemic anaphylaxis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that repeated skin exposures to WG extract without adjuvant will sensitize mice with the resultant anaphylactic reaction upon systemic WG challenge. Balb/c mice were bred and maintained on a strict plant protein-free diet and were repeatedly exposed to a WG extract or vehicle once a week for 9 weeks. WG-specific (s)IgE and total (t)IgE levels were quantified. Mice were challenged with WG extract to induce anaphylactic reactions as measured by hypothermic shock response (HSR) and mucosal mast cell degranulation response (MMCR). We also conducted proteomic analysis of 120 spleen immune markers. These skin-sensitized mice exhibited exposure-dependent IgE responses and near-fatal anaphylaxis upon challenge. Proteomic analysis identified seven dramatically elevated immune biomarkers in anaphylactic mice. These data reveal that WG is intrinsically allergenic, and that chronic skin exposure to WG extract can prime the mice for potentially fatal anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Jorgensen
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Haoran Gao
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Tamil Selvan Arul Arasan
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Chris Van Antwerp
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Vaisheswini Sundar
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Perry K. W. Ng
- Cereal Science Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA;
| | - Venu Gangur
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; (R.J.); (H.G.); (T.S.A.A.); (C.V.A.); (V.S.)
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22
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Fang H, Li J, Ren L, Liu E. Age-related differences in IgE between childhood and adulthood allergic asthma: Analysis of NHANES 2005-2006. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100842. [PMID: 38213391 PMCID: PMC10782400 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma exhibits varying clinical features in children and adults. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the clinical significance of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma, disregarding the characteristics of IgE and its relevant factors. Objective This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the differences in the characteristics of IgE between childhood and adulthood allergic asthma (AA). Methods Patients with AA from the 2005 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were divided into 3 groups based on their current age and onset age of AA: childhood AA (Group 1), childhood-onset adult AA (Group 2), and adulthood-onset AA (Group 3). Intragroup analysis and intergroup comparison were carried out, focusing on the characteristics and relevant factors of IgE, as well as the clinical relevance of total IgE (total IgE, tIgE) and allergen-specific IgE (allergen-specific IgE, sIgE). Results A total of 424 patients were analyzed, including 187 with childhood AA, 132 with childhood-onset adult AA, and 105 with adulthood-onset AA. The concentration of tIgE was found to be higher in Group 1 (268.0, 118.0-686.0 kU/L) than in Group 2 (224.0, 78.0-494.0 kU/L) and Group 3 (165.0, 74.4-350.5 kU/L). The sensitization rates did not differ between Group 1 and Group 2 but were higher compared with Group 3, particularly for Alternaria-sIgE (50.3% and 46.2% vs 15.2%) and Aspergillus-sIgE (43.9% and 37.1% vs 16.2%). In Group 1, there was a negative correlation between pollen-sIgEs and indoor allergens, but this correlation was not commonly observed in Group 2 and Group 3. On the other hand, in Group 1, environmental chemicals such as phthalates, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, trihalomethanes, and phenols showed a positive correlation with IgE. However, a greater number of chemicals was observed in Group 2 and Group 3, including cotinine, metals, trihalomethanes, phthalates, phenols, and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Furthermore, in Group 1, IgE was positively correlated with asthma-related issues such as emergency visits, absenteeism, limited activities, and medication needs. These correlations were less common in Group 2 and Group 3, particularly in Group 3. Conclusions There are notable differences in the characteristics and environmental factors of IgE among childhood AA, childhood-onset adult AA, and adulthood-onset AA. Additionally, IgE plays a more significant role in childhood AA due to its higher concentration, fewer relevant environmental chemicals and greater clinical relevance. This may partially explain the age-related features of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luo Ren
- Corresponding author. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Enmei Liu
- Corresponding author. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, China.
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23
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Libertini G. Phenoptosis and the Various Types of Natural Selection. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:2007-2022. [PMID: 38462458 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923120052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In the first description of evolution, the fundamental mechanism is the natural selection favoring the individuals best suited for survival and reproduction (selection at the individual level or classical Darwinian selection). However, this is a very reductive description of natural selection that does not consider or explain a long series of known phenomena, including those in which an individual sacrifices or jeopardizes his life on the basis of genetically determined mechanisms (i.e., phenoptosis). In fact, in addition to (i) selection at the individual level, it is essential to consider other types of natural selection such as those concerning: (ii) kin selection and some related forms of group selection; (iii) the interactions between the innumerable species that constitute a holobiont; (iv) the origin of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic organisms; (v) the origin of multicellular eukaryotic organisms from unicellular organisms; (vi) eusociality (e.g., in many species of ants, bees, termites); (vii) selection at the level of single genes, or groups of genes; (viii) the interactions between individuals (or more precisely their holobionts) of the innumerable species that make up an ecosystem. These forms of natural selection, which are all effects and not violations of the classical Darwinian selection, also show how concepts as life, species, individual, and phenoptosis are somewhat not entirely defined and somehow arbitrary. Furthermore, the idea of organisms selected on the basis of their survival and reproduction capabilities is intertwined with that of organisms also selected on the basis of their ability to cooperate and interact, even by losing their lives or their distinct identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacinto Libertini
- Italian Society for Evolutionary Biology (ISEB), Asti, 14100, Italy.
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
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24
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Ryczaj K, Szczukocka-Zych A, Wawszczak M, Gawryjołek J, Krogulska A, Krawiec M, Horvath A, Szajewska H, Santos A, Bahnson HT, Kulus M. Development of peanut, sesame and tree nut allergy in Polish children at high risk of food allergy: a protocol for a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074168. [PMID: 37973545 PMCID: PMC10660920 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peanut allergies cause serious health problems worldwide. A strong finding has shown that the early introduction of peanuts into the diet of infants at high risk of food allergy reduces the prevalence of peanut allergy. Allergies to peanuts, sesame and tree nuts have been shown to coexist in 60% of cases and vary according to geographical location and dietary habits. Insights into the prevalence of nut and seed allergies in societies with varying consumption levels are essential for developing population-specific weaning guidelines. Understanding the age at which peanut allergy develops is paramount for successful early introduction strategies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will perform a cross-sectional study at two tertiary allergy centres in Warsaw and Bydgoszcz. Two hundred forty children aged 4-36 months with eczema or egg allergy will undergo an extensive assessment of their peanut, sesame and tree nut allergy status through skin testing, specific IgE measurements and oral food challenges. The primary outcome is the prevalence of peanut, sesame and tree nut allergies in Polish children at high risk of food allergy. Additionally, the timing of the development of peanut, sesame and tree nut allergies in the first 3 years of life in a high-risk population will be assessed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw, Poland approved this protocol (KB/86/2021). The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal no later than 1 year after data collection. The abstract will be presented at relevant national and international conferences.Although the authors may be able to commit to journal submission no later than 1 year after data collection, publication dates remain beyond their control. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05662800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Ryczaj
- Department of Paediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Maria Wawszczak
- Department of Paediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Gawryjołek
- Department of Paediatrics, Allergy and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aneta Krogulska
- Department of Paediatrics, Allergy and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Krawiec
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea Horvath
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hania Szajewska
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexandra Santos
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Henry T Bahnson
- Benaroya Research Institute and the Immune Tolerance Network, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marek Kulus
- Department of Paediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Pawankar R, Akdis CA. Climate change and the epithelial barrier theory in allergic diseases: A One Health approach to a green environment. Allergy 2023; 78:2829-2834. [PMID: 37675628 DOI: 10.1111/all.15885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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26
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Okoshi K, Sakurai K, Yamamoto M, Mori C. Maternal antibiotic exposure and childhood allergies: The Japan Environment and Children's Study. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2023; 2:100137. [PMID: 37781654 PMCID: PMC10509907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Background The association of maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy with childhood allergic diseases remains unclear. Objective We aimed to evaluate the association of maternal exposure to antibiotic use during pregnancy with childhood allergic diseases up to the age of 3 years by using data from a large Japanese birth cohort. Methods We analyzed data on 78,678 pregnant women and their offspring aged 0 to 3 years. Prenatal antibiotic exposure was defined as the use of any antimicrobial agent during pregnancy. Information was collected from maternal interviews and medical record transcripts. The outcome variables in this study included preschool asthma, wheezing, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, eczema, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and any allergic disease. We used logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association of antibiotic exposure during pregnancy with childhood allergic diseases. Results Among the participating mothers, 28.5% used antibiotics during pregnancy. Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy was associated with preschool asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.12 [95% CI = 1.06-1.19]), wheezing (aOR = 1.11 [95% CI = 1.07-1.15]), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (aOR = 1.10 [95% CI = 1.03-1.17]) and any allergic disease (aOR = 1.09 [95% CI = 1.05-1.14]) in offspring up to age 3 years. In contrast, maternal antibiotic use was not associated with food allergies, atopic dermatitis, or eczema. Additionally, the significant associations were not influenced by the timing of antibiotic exposure, sex of the infants, or maternal history of allergies. Conclusion Maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of childhood respiratory allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouta Okoshi
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Innovation Center, Central Research Laboratory, NIPPN Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakurai
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Midori Yamamoto
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Chisato Mori
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
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27
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Yazici D, Ogulur I, Pat Y, Babayev H, Barletta E, Ardicli S, Bel Imam M, Huang M, Koch J, Li M, Maurer D, Radzikowska U, Satitsuksanoa P, Schneider SR, Sun N, Traidl S, Wallimann A, Wawrocki S, Zhakparov D, Fehr D, Ziadlou R, Mitamura Y, Brüggen MC, van de Veen W, Sokolowska M, Baerenfaller K, Nadeau K, Akdis M, Akdis CA. The epithelial barrier: The gateway to allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases and chronic neuropsychiatric conditions. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101846. [PMID: 37801907 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1960 s, our health has been compromised by exposure to over 350,000 newly introduced toxic substances, contributing to the current pandemic in allergic, autoimmune and metabolic diseases. The "Epithelial Barrier Theory" postulates that these diseases are exacerbated by persistent periepithelial inflammation (epithelitis) triggered by exposure to a wide range of epithelial barrier-damaging substances as well as genetic susceptibility. The epithelial barrier serves as the body's primary physical, chemical, and immunological barrier against external stimuli. A leaky epithelial barrier facilitates the translocation of the microbiome from the surface of the afflicted tissues to interepithelial and even deeper subepithelial locations. In turn, opportunistic bacterial colonization, microbiota dysbiosis, local inflammation and impaired tissue regeneration and remodelling follow. Migration of inflammatory cells to susceptible tissues contributes to damage and inflammation, initiating and aggravating many chronic inflammatory diseases. The objective of this review is to highlight and evaluate recent studies on epithelial physiology and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases in light of the epithelial barrier theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Huseyn Babayev
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Elena Barletta
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manal Bel Imam
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mengting Huang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jana Koch
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manru Li
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Debbie Maurer
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan R Schneider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Na Sun
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Stephan Traidl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wallimann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wawrocki
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Damir Zhakparov
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Fehr
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reihane Ziadlou
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Katja Baerenfaller
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland.
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28
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Medeleanu MV, Qian YC, Moraes TJ, Subbarao P. Early-immune development in asthma: A review of the literature. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104770. [PMID: 37837916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive examination of the various factors contributing to the immunopathogenesis of asthma from the prenatal to preschool period. We focus on the contributions of genetic and environmental components as well as the role of the nasal and gut microbiome on immune development. Predisposing genetic factors, including inherited genes associated with increased susceptibility to asthma, are discussed alongside environmental factors such as respiratory viruses and pollutant exposure, which can trigger or exacerbate asthma symptoms. Furthermore, the intricate interplay between the nasal and gut microbiome and the immune system is explored, emphasizing their influence on allergic immune development and response to environmental stimuli. This body of literature underscores the necessity of a comprehensive approach to comprehend and manage asthma, as it emphasizes the interactions of multiple factors in immune development and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Medeleanu
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Yu Chen Qian
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, SickKids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
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29
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Benamar M, Chen Q, Martinez-Blanco M, Chatila TA. Regulatory T cells in allergic inflammation. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101847. [PMID: 37837939 PMCID: PMC10842049 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells maintain immune tolerance to allergens at the environmental interfaces in the airways, skin and gut, marshalling in the process distinct immune regulatory circuits operative in the respective tissues. Treg cells are coordinately mobilized with allergic effector mechanisms in the context of a tissue-protective allergic inflammatory response against parasites, toxins and potentially harmful allergens, serving to both limit the inflammation and promote local tissue repair. Allergic diseases are associated with subverted Treg cell responses whereby a chronic allergic inflammatory environment can skew Treg cells toward pathogenic phenotypes that both perpetuate and aggravate disease. Interruption of Treg cell subversion in chronic allergic inflammatory conditions may thus provide novel therapeutic strategies by re-establishing effective immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Benamar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica Martinez-Blanco
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Lead Contact, USA.
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30
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Moratin H, Thöle A, Lang J, Ehret Kasemo T, Stöth M, Hagen R, Scherzad A, Hackenberg S. Ag- but Not ZnO-Nanoparticles Disturb the Airway Epithelial Barrier at Subtoxic Concentrations. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2506. [PMID: 37896266 PMCID: PMC10610507 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation is considered to be the most relevant source of human exposure to nanoparticles (NPs); however, only a few investigations have addressed the influence of exposing the respiratory mucosal barrier to subcytotoxic doses. In the nasal respiratory epithelium, cells of the mucosa represent one of the first contact points of the human organism with airborne NPs. Disruption of the epithelial barrier by harmful materials can lead to inflammation in addition to potential intrinsic toxicity of the particles. The aim of this study was to investigate whether subtoxic concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO)- and silver (Ag)-NPs have an influence on upper airway barrier integrity. Nasal epithelial cells from 17 donors were cultured at the air-liquid interface and exposed to ZnO- and Ag-NPs. Barrier function, quantified by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), decreased after treatment with 10 µg/mL Ag-NPs, but FITC-dextran permeability remained stable and no change in mRNA levels of tight junction proteins and E-cadherin was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results indicate that subtoxic concentrations of Ag-NPs may already induce damage of the upper airway epithelial barrier in vitro. The lack of similar disruption by ZnO-NPs of similar size suggests a specific effect by Ag-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Moratin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany (S.H.)
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31
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Hofstaedter CE, Watkins R, Kotwal N. Asymptomatic Esophageal Eosinophilia in an 11-Year-Old with Severe Persistent Asthma. Case Rep Pediatr 2023; 2023:6678918. [PMID: 37868770 PMCID: PMC10586919 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6678918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymptomatic esophageal eosinophilia (aEE) is a rare presentation, where patients have increased eosinophils in esophageal mucosa but lack any esophagus-related symptoms. Cases of aEE have only been documented in adults, and little is known about its clinical significance and whether treatment is warranted. We report a case of an 11-year-old patient with uncontrolled severe persistent asthma who underwent flexible bronchoscopy and upper endoscopy as a part of complete aerodigestive evaluation. Elevated intraepithelial eosinophils in the esophageal mucosa were noted, suggesting an aEE-like presentation. This case documents a pediatric patient with aEE and highlights the importance of combined aerodigestive assessment with pulmonology and gastroenterology teams for the evaluation of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey E. Hofstaedter
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Runa Watkins
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Nidhi Kotwal
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Jorgensen R, Gao H, Chandra S, Sundar V, Loy J, Van Antwerp C, Ng PKW, Gangur V. Chronic application of alcohol-soluble gluten extract over undamaged skin causes clinical sensitization for life-threatening anaphylaxis via activation of systemic Th2 immune responses in mice. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1214051. [PMID: 37841051 PMCID: PMC10570422 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1214051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gluten allergy is a major public health problem that is growing at an alarming rate. Specific mechanisms underlying sensitization to gluten remain incompletely understood. Currently, it is unclear whether chronic exposure to alcohol-soluble gluten extract via undamaged skin has the capacity to clinically sensitize mice for life-threatening anaphylaxis. Using an adjuvant-free mouse model, here we tested the hypothesis that chronic application of alcohol-soluble durum gluten (ASDG) extract will clinically sensitize mice for life-threatening anaphylaxis. Methods This study was conducted in a gluten-free Balb/c mouse colony that was established and maintained on a plant protein-free diet. Groups of adult female mice were exposed dermally to ASDG extract or vehicle once a week for 9-weeks. Specific (s) and total (t) IgE levels were quantified. Mice were challenged systemically with ASDG to measure symptoms of systemic anaphylaxis. Hypothermic shock response (HSR) and mucosal mast cell degranulation response (MMCR) were determined upon challenge. Spleen Th1, Th2, and other immune markers were quantified. Results We found that chronic exposure to ASDG elicited robust elevation of sIgE and tIgE. Systemic challenge with ASDG, but not vehicle, elicited life-threatening anaphylaxis associated with dramatic HSR and MMCR. Correlation analysis demonstrated direct positive inter-relationships among IgE, HSR, and MMCR. Anaphylaxis was associated with significant elevation of prototypic Th2 but not Th1 immune markers in the spleen. Discussion/Conclusion Our study collectively demonstrates that ASDG is intrinsically allergenic; and chronic exposure to ASDG via undamaged skin can clinically sensitize mice for life-threatening anaphylaxis via activating the systemic Th2 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Jorgensen
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Haoran Gao
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shivam Chandra
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Vaisheswini Sundar
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jaden Loy
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Chris Van Antwerp
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Perry K. W. Ng
- Cereal Science Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Venu Gangur
- Food Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Ma J, Urgard E, Runge S, Classon CH, Mathä L, Stark JM, Cheng L, Álvarez JA, von Zedtwitz S, Baleviciute A, Martinez Hoyer S, Li M, Gernand AM, Osbelt L, Bielecka AA, Lesker TR, Huang HJ, Vrtala S, Boon L, Beyaert R, Adner M, Martinez Gonzalez I, Strowig T, Du J, Nylén S, Rosshart SP, Coquet JM. Laboratory mice with a wild microbiota generate strong allergic immune responses. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadf7702. [PMID: 37774008 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adf7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Allergic disorders are caused by a combination of hereditary and environmental factors. The hygiene hypothesis postulates that early-life microbial exposures impede the development of subsequent allergic disease. Recently developed "wildling" mice are genetically identical to standard laboratory specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice but are housed under seminatural conditions and have rich microbial exposures from birth. Thus, by comparing conventional SPF mice with wildlings, we can uncouple the impact of lifelong microbial exposures from genetic factors on the allergic immune response. We found that wildlings developed larger populations of antigen-experienced T cells than conventional SPF mice, which included interleukin-10-producing CD4 T cells specific for commensal Lactobacilli strains and allergy-promoting T helper 2 (TH2) cells. In models of airway exposure to house dust mite (HDM), recombinant interleukin-33, or Alternaria alternata, wildlings developed strong allergic inflammation, characterized by eosinophil recruitment, goblet cell metaplasia, and antigen-specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgE responses. Wildlings developed robust de novo TH2 cell responses to incoming allergens, whereas preexisting TH2 cells could also be recruited into the allergic immune response in a cytokine-driven and TCR-independent fashion. Thus, wildling mice, which experience diverse and lifelong microbial exposures, were not protected from developing pathological allergic immune responses. Instead, wildlings mounted robust allergic responses to incoming allergens, shedding new light on the hygiene hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Egon Urgard
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Solveig Runge
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cajsa H Classon
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Mathä
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julian M Stark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javiera A Álvarez
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia von Zedtwitz
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Austeja Baleviciute
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Martinez Hoyer
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muzhen Li
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Marleen Gernand
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Agata Anna Bielecka
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mikael Adner
- Institute of Environmental Medicine and Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Itziar Martinez Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Nylén
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan P Rosshart
- Department of Microbiome Research, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Coquet
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Leo Foundation Skin Immunology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Flores E, López-Garrigos M, Blasco Á, Fernández J, Leiva-Salinas C, Salinas M. Laboratory Strategies to Improve Allergy First-Line Screening in Primary Care. Lab Med 2023; 54:473-478. [PMID: 36655985 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are nonestablished protocols in use for first-line allergy screening based on IgE testing. These protocols attempt to address an unmet need for sustainability of clinical laboratories, at a time when demand is increasing. OBJECTIVE To present a novel protocol for first-line allergy screening and to evaluate the implementation benefits for patients, the health care system, and payers. METHODS We carried out an observational retrospective study analyzing 4359 interventions on primary care testing requests. Interventions included overriding redundant serum IgE (sIgE) testing for allergen mixes, extracts included in mixes, low-prevalence extracts, and milk and egg molecular components without previous positive results when exposed to extracts. We also added prevalent allergen testing. RESULTS The strategy saved 683 tests from being performed unnecessarily. Test volume decline was primarily driven by the cancelation of 2186 egg and milk components tests; 561 tests were added for mixes, together with 942 allergen extracts tests. DISCUSSION The results of this study show how the allergy laboratory plays a key role in actively managing demand for sIgE testing, leading to optimized diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Flores
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain
| | - Maite López-Garrigos
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Álvaro Blasco
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain
- El Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL)-La Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Alicante, Spain
| | | | - María Salinas
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain
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Kwei-Nsoro R, Ojemolon PE, Attar B, Shaka H, Zarza-Gulino P, Asare M, Annor EN, Mba B. Hospitalization Trends and Outcomes of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in the United States: A Decade-Long Nationwide Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e44315. [PMID: 37779798 PMCID: PMC10536399 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic antigen-mediated esophageal disease characterized by infiltration of the esophageal mucosa by eosinophils. The prevalence of EoE continues to rise worldwide. However, certain aspects of the epidemiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods This study examined the hospitalization trends of EoE using an extensive inpatient database in the United States, the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS), to identify hospitalizations between 2010 and 2019. We assessed patient demographics as well as hospital-specific variables using the NIS. We obtained the prevalence rate of EoE for each year and used joinpoint regression analysis to obtain trends after adjusting the rate for age and gender. We also sought to characterize the outcomes of these hospitalizations by obtaining the mortality rate, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges (THC). Results Of 305 million hospitalizations included in the study, 33,878 were for EoE. The prevalence rate per 100,000 hospitalizations of EoE increased from 6.6 in 2010 to 15.5 in 2019. The annual percentage change obtained from the joinpoint regression analysis was 13.3% from 2010 to 2014 and 7.2% from 2014 to 2019. Most of the hospitalizations were among the male gender and young adults. Almost 95% of hospitalizations across the study period were seen in urban hospitals. We did not notice any significant trend in the mortality rates or length of stay over the study period. The THC increased significantly across the study period. Conclusion There has been an upward trend in the average prevalence rate of EoE over the decade from 2010 to 2019 which almost parallels that of inflammatory bowel disease. This represents a significant burden of disease for a condition that was initially recognized in the late 20th century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kwei-Nsoro
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Pius E Ojemolon
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Bashar Attar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, RUSH (Rush University System for Health) University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Hafeez Shaka
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Michael Asare
- Internal Medicine, BronxCare Hospital Center, New York, USA
| | - Eugene N Annor
- Internal Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Benjamin Mba
- Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, USA
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Pfützner W. Atopisches Ekzem und Probiotika. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:827-828. [PMID: 37574670 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15197_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Pfützner
- Sektion Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie & Allergologie Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg Baldinger Straße 35043, Marburg
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Su KW, Yan DC, Ou LS, Lin LL, Wu CY, Huang SJ, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Prevalence, associated factors, and impact of adolescent asthma in Taiwan: Global Asthma Network phase I survey. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100794. [PMID: 37497258 PMCID: PMC10365951 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of asthma in Taiwan was increasing in the past 30 years, causing a great impact on adolescent health. This study aimed to investigate the current prevalence, impact, and associated factors of asthma in Taiwanese adolescents. Material and methods Parents or guardians provided passive consent at home prior to the survey. Adolescents aged 13-14 years completed a questionnaire survey in 2017 in Taipei, Taiwan. The prevalence, impact, and associated factors of asthma were analyzed. We also compared the asthma prevalence with the prevalence in 1995 and 2001. Results We analyzed 3474 validated questionnaires. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 12.4%. The prevalence of current wheezing was 9.2% in 2017, which was 5.2% in 1995 and 7.0% in 2001. 3.3% of 13-14-year-old adolescents had severe asthma symptoms. Asthma significantly impacted the lives of adolescents. Of the students with asthma, 10.9% had school absenteeism, 16.5% urgently needed to see a doctor, 9.5% went to the emergency department, and 3.5% were admitted to hospitals within the preceding 12 months. The associated factors for physician-diagnosed asthma in Taiwanese adolescents were male (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.83; p = 0.02), maternal history of asthma (PR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.69-4.02; p < 0.01), and recent paracetamol use at least once per month (PR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.24-5.42; p = 0.01). The associated factors for school absenteeism were nocturnal cough (PR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.16-3.41; p = 0.01), current wheezing (PR, 7.52; 95% CI, 4.39-12.9; p < 0.01), and recent paracetamol use (at least once per month, PR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.10-9.06; p = 0.03; at least once per year, PR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.25-3.83; p < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 12.4%. Asthma substantially impacted the lives of adolescents. Reducing nocturnal cough, wheezing frequency, and paracetamol usage might help decrease school absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Su
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Chin Yan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Gu S, Yang D, Liu C, Xue W. The role of probiotics in prevention and treatment of food allergy. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sun Y, Wang YX, Mustieles V, Shan Z, Zhang Y, Messerlian C. Blood trihalomethane concentrations and allergic sensitization: A nationwide cross-sectional study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162100. [PMID: 36764558 PMCID: PMC10006400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to disinfection by-products has been associated with several allergic diseases, but its association with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies remains inconclusive. METHODS We included 932 U.S. adolescents and 2187 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 who had quantified blood THM concentrations [chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM)] and 19 allergen-specific IgE antibodies. The odds ratios (ORs) of allergen-specific sensitization per 2.7-fold increment in blood THM concentrations were estimated by multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Blood THM concentrations were unrelated to any allergen-specific sensitization in adults. Among adolescents, however, we found positive associations between blood TCM and chlorinated THMs (Cl-THMs: sum of TCM, BDCM, and DBCM) concentrations and the odds of pet sensitization [OR = 1.28 (95 % CI: 1.05, 1.55) and 1.38 (1.15, 1.65), respectively, per each 2.7-fold increment], between blood BDCM concentrations and the odds of mold [OR = 1.47 (1.24, 1.74)], plant [OR = 1.25 (1.09, 1.43)], pet [OR = 1.27 (1.07, 1.52)], and food sensitization [OR = 1.18 (1.03, 1.36)], and between blood brominated THM (Br-THMs: sum of BDCM, DBCM, and TBM) and total THM (TTHMs: sum of 4 THMs) concentrations and the odds of mold [OR = 1.52 (1.30 1.78) and 1.30 (1.03, 1.65), respectively], dust mite [OR = 1.39 (1.06, 1.82) and 1.45 (1.06, 1.98), respectively], and pet sensitization [OR = 1.42 (1.05, 1.92) and 1.54 (1.19, 1.98), respectively]. CONCLUSION Higher blood concentrations of THMs were associated with a greater risk of allergic sensitization among U.S. adolescents but not in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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Chęsy M, Krogulska A. Introduction of Complementary Foods and the Risk of Sensitization and Allergy in Children up to Three Years of Age. Nutrients 2023; 15:2054. [PMID: 37432183 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergy is known to be influenced by both diet and the immune system. In addition, the time of first exposure to food allergens and their type appear to play a particularly important role in the development of allergies. AIM To determine the influence of the time of exposure, and the type, degree of processing, and frequency of supply of complementary foods and the development of sensitization and allergies in children up to three years of age. Materials and metods: The study was conducted prospectively in two stages. The first stage included 106 children aged 6-18 months, while the second stage included 86 children selected from the first stage, after a further 12 months. A questionnaire based on validated FFQ sheets was created for the purpose of the study. The following were assessed: nutrition in the first year of life (time, type, degree of processing), frequency of supply of complementary foods and allergic symptoms, sIgE concentration against 10 foods and 10 inhalant allergens. Four groups of patients were formed. This paper presents the results of the second stage of the study. RESULTS For all participants, allergenic products, viz. hen's egg, milk, peanuts, wheat, soybean, fish, tree nuts and shellfish were typically introduced at an age of 7 to 12 months. During this period, egg white was introduced in 47 (85.5%) children with allergy (p = 0.894), in 29 (82.9%) with allergy and sensitization (p = 1.00), and in 38 (82.6%) children with sensitization alone (p = 0.533). Milk was introduced at 7 to 12 months in 35 (64.8%) children with allergy (p = 0.64), 22 (64.7%) with both allergy and sensitization (p = 0.815), and 26 (57.8%) children with sensitization alone (p = 0.627). For other foods, the time of introduction appeared not to significantly influence the presence of allergies or sensitization. Heat-treated peanuts were introduced significantly more often to children without allergies and without sensitization (n = 9; 56.2%) than those without allergies but with sensitization (n = 6; 54.5%) (p = 0.028). Fish was consumed significantly more often by children with allergies, i.e., 1-3x/week (n = 43; 79.6%) than children without allergies, i.e., 1-3x/month (n = 9; 30%) (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS No relationship was observed between the introduction time of complementary foods, including allergenic ones, or their type, and the development of allergies and sensitization in children up to three years of age. The degree of processing and the frequency of supply of products may affect the development of allergies and sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chęsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aneta Krogulska
- Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses recent progress in our understanding of the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in enforcing immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis in the lung at steady state and in directing the immune response in asthmatic lung inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Regulatory T cells regulate the innate and adaptive immune responses at steady state to enforce immune tolerance in lung tissues at steady state and their control of the allergic inflammatory responses induced by allergens. This regulatory function can break down in the context of chronic asthmatic airway inflammation such that the lung tissue Treg cells become skewed towards a pathogenic phenotype that aggravates and perpetuates disease. Subversion of lung tissue Treg cell function involves their upregulation of Notch4 expression, which in turn acts to amplify T helper type 2 and type 17 and innate lymphoid cell type 2 responses in the airways. SUMMARY A dual role for Treg cells has emerged both as immune regulators but also a potential disease effectors in asthma, with implications for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Harb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Germany
| | - Talal A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Schiff HV, Rivas CM, Pederson WP, Sandoval E, Gillman S, Prisco J, Kume M, Dussor G, Vagner J, Ledford JG, Price TJ, DeFea KA, Boitano S. β-Arrestin-biased proteinase-activated receptor-2 antagonist C781 limits allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:667-680. [PMID: 35735078 PMCID: PMC10311467 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asthma is a heterogenous disease strongly associated with inflammation that has many different causes and triggers. Current asthma treatments target symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation. Despite recent advances in biological therapies, there remains a need for new classes of therapeutic agents with novel, upstream targets. The proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) has long been implicated in allergic airway inflammation and asthma and it remains an intriguing target for novel therapies. Here, we describe the actions of C781, a newly developed low MW PAR2 biased antagonist, in vitro and in vivo in the context of acute allergen exposure. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A human bronchial epithelial cell line expressing PAR2 (16HBE14o- cells) was used to evaluate the modulation in vitro, by C781, of physiological responses to PAR2 activation and downstream β-arrestin/MAPK and Gq/Ca2+ signalling. Acute Alternaria alternata sensitized and challenged mice were used to evaluate C781 as a prophylactically administered modulator of airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and mucus overproduction in vivo. KEY RESULTS C781 reduced in vitro physiological signalling in response to ligand and proteinase activation. C781 effectively antagonized β-arrestin/MAPK signalling without significant effect on Gq/Ca2+ signalling in vitro. Given prophylactically, C781 modulated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and mucus overproduction of the small airways in an acute allergen-challenged mouse model. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our work demonstrates the first biased PAR2 antagonist for β-arrestin/MAPK signalling. C781 is efficacious as a prophylactic treatment for allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in mice. It exemplifies a key pharmacophore for PAR2 that can be optimized for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary V. Schiff
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
| | - Candy M. Rivas
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
| | - William P. Pederson
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
| | - Estevan Sandoval
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
| | - Samuel Gillman
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona
| | - Joy Prisco
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
| | - Moeno Kume
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | - Josef Vagner
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
| | - Julie G. Ledford
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, TX
| | - Kathryn A. DeFea
- University of California Riverside, Biomedical Sciences and PARMedics, Incorporated
| | - Scott Boitano
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center
- Bio5 Collaborative Research Center, University of Arizona
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona
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Zheng C, Zou Y. Allergen Sensitization in Patients with Skin Diseases in Shanghai, China. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:305-313. [PMID: 36970654 PMCID: PMC10038006 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s402165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergen distribution has obvious geographical characteristics. Understanding local epidemiological data may provide evidence-based strategies for the prevention and management of disease. We investigated the distribution of allergen sensitization in patients with skin diseases in Shanghai, China. Methods Data from tests for serum-specific immunoglobulin E were collected from 714 patients with three skin diseases who visited the Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from January 2020 to February 2022. The prevalence of 16 allergen species, as well as age, sex, and disease-group differences in allergen sensitization, were investigated. Results Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were the most common aeroallergen species to cause allergic sensitization in patients with skin diseases, whereas shrimp and crab were the most common food-allergen species. Children were more susceptible to various allergen species. With regard to sex differences, males were sensitized to more allergen species than females. Patients suffering from atopic dermatitis were sensitized to more allergenic species than patients with non-atopic eczema or urticaria. Conclusion Allergen sensitization in patients with skin diseases in Shanghai differed by age, sex, and disease type. Knowing the prevalence of allergen sensitization across age, sex, and disease type may help facilitate diagnostic and intervention efforts, and guide the treatment and management of skin diseases in Shanghai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjiao Zheng
- Skin and Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zou
- Skin and Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ying Zou, Skin and Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18017336869, Fax +86-21-36803062, Email
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Structures and Anti-Allergic Activities of Natural Products from Marine Organisms. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030152. [PMID: 36976202 PMCID: PMC10056057 DOI: 10.3390/md21030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, allergic diseases have occurred frequently, affecting more than 20% of the global population. The current first-line treatment of anti-allergic drugs mainly includes topical corticosteroids, as well as adjuvant treatment of antihistamine drugs, which have adverse side effects and drug resistance after long-term use. Therefore, it is essential to find alternative anti-allergic agents from natural products. High pressure, low temperature, and low/lack of light lead to highly functionalized and diverse functional natural products in the marine environment. This review summarizes the information on anti-allergic secondary metabolites with a variety of chemical structures such as polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and peptides, obtained mainly from fungi, bacteria, macroalgae, sponges, mollusks, and fish. Molecular docking simulation is applied by MOE to further reveal the potential mechanism for some representative marine anti-allergic natural products to target the H1 receptor. This review may not only provide insight into information about the structures and anti-allergic activities of natural products from marine organisms but also provides a valuable reference for marine natural products with immunomodulatory activities.
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Moreau A, Gouel-Chéron A, Roland E, McGee K, Plaud B, Blet A. Allergie peranesthésique : revue et guide de bonnes pratiques. ANESTHÉSIE & RÉANIMATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anrea.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Wang CM, Yang ST, Yang CC, Chiu HY, Lin HY, Tsai ML, Lin HC, Chang YC. Maternal and neonatal risk factors of asthma in children: Nationwide population based study. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2023; 56:182-191. [PMID: 36411206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small population group-based cohorts have found that perinatal factors may contribute to the development of asthma in children. We aimed to investigate maternal and neonatal risk factors for the asthma phenotypes using two databases from the Taiwan's Maternal and Child Health Database (TMCHD) and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). METHODS Perinatal data was obtained from 2004 to 2008 in the TMCHD and linked the NHIRD to obtain relevant medical information regarding maternal and neonatal risk factors of three asthma phenotypes which were identified as transient early asthma, persistent asthma, and late-onset asthma. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to adjust for covariates. RESULTS The percentage of non-asthmatic patients was 77.02% and asthmatic (transient early asthma, late onset asthma, and persistent asthma) patients were 8.96%, 11.64%, and 2.42%, respectively. Maternal risk factors-including Cesarean section, maternal asthma, maternal allergic rhinitis (AR), and premature rupture of membranes-and neonatal risk factors, such as male gender, gestational age 29-37 weeks, ventilator use, antibiotics use, AR, and atopic dermatitis, were associated with the development of these three asthma phenotypes. Twins and a gestational age of 28 weeks or less premature were associated with the development of transient early asthma and persistent asthma, but not late onset asthma. Triplets and above were associated with the development of transient early asthma, but not late onset or persistent asthma. CONCLUSION Various asthma phenotypes have different risk factors; therefore, their distinct risk factors should be identified in order to early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang-Ming Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City 60002, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Ting Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City 60002, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chia Yang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Yu Chiu
- Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Yu Lin
- Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Luen Tsai
- Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Chih Lin
- Division of Neonatology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Department of Long Term Care, College of Health and Nursing, National Quemoy University, Kinmen County 892009, Taiwan
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Li J, Xu Q, Cheng W, Zhao L, Liu S, Gao Z, Xu X, Ye C, You H. Weakly Supervised Collaborative Learning for Airborne Pollen Segmentation and Classification from SEM Images. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:247. [PMID: 36676197 PMCID: PMC9867018 DOI: 10.3390/life13010247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing pollen identification methods heavily rely on the scale and quality of pollen images. However, there are many impurities in real-world SEM images that should be considered. This paper proposes a collaborative learning method to jointly improve the performance of pollen segmentation and classification in a weakly supervised manner. It first locates pollen regions from the raw images based on the detection model. To improve the classification performance, we segmented the pollen grains through a pre-trained U-Net using unsupervised pollen contour features. The segmented pollen regions were fed into a deep convolutional neural network to obtain the activation maps, which were used to further refine the segmentation masks. In this way, both segmentation and classification models can be collaboratively trained, supervised by just pollen contour features and class-specific information. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets were conducted, and the results prove that our method effectively avoids impurity interference and improves pollen identification accuracy (86.6%) under the limited supervision (around 1000 images with image-level labels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Li
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qinlan Xu
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wenxiu Cheng
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Suqin Liu
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhengkai Gao
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Caihua Ye
- Beijing Meteorological Service Center, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Huanling You
- Beijing Meteorological Service Center, Beijing 100089, China
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Wang X, Zhou N, Zhi Y. Association between exposure to greenness and atopic march in children and adults-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1097486. [PMID: 36699899 PMCID: PMC9868616 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1097486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergic diseases are a global public health problem. Food allergy, atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent the natural course of allergic diseases, also known as the "atopic march". In recent years, a large number of studies have been published on the association between greenness exposure and allergic diseases. However, systematic reviews on the association between greenness exposure and multiple allergic diseases or atopic march are lacking. Methods In this study, PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched. Meta-analyses were performed if at least three studies reported risk estimates for the same outcome and exposure measures. Results Of 2355 records, 48 studies were included for qualitative review. Five birth cohort studies, five cross-sectional studies, and one case-control study were included for asthma meta-analysis, respectively. Four birth cohort studies were included for AR meta-analysis. Our results support that exposure to a greener environment at birth reduces the risk of asthma and AR in childhood. In addition, higher greenness exposure was associated with decreased odds of current asthma in children. Discussion There was a large heterogeneity among the included studies and most of them did not specify the vegetation type and causative allergens. Therefore the study results need to be further validated. In addition, a small number of studies evaluated the association between greenness and food allergy, AD and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. More research is needed to strengthen our understanding of the association between greenness and allergic diseases.
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Ballegaard ASR, Bøgh KL. Intestinal protein uptake and IgE-mediated food allergy. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112150. [PMID: 36596102 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is affecting 5-8% of young children and 2-4% of adults and seems to be increasing in prevalence. The cause of the increase in food allergy is largely unknown but proposed to be influenced by both environmental and lifestyle factors. Changes in intestinal barrier functions and increased uptake of dietary proteins have been suggested to have a great impact on food allergy. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal barrier function and provide a more detailed description of intestinal protein uptake, including the various routes of epithelial transport, how it may be affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and the relation to food allergy. Further, we give an overview of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo techniques available for evaluation of intestinal protein uptake and gut permeability in general. Proteins are digested by gastric, pancreatic and integral brush border enzymes in order to allow for sufficient nutritional uptake. Absorption and transport of dietary proteins across the epithelial layer is known to be dependent on the physicochemical properties of the proteins and their digestion fragments themselves, such as size, solubility and aggregation status. It is believed, that the greater an amount of intact protein or larger peptide fragments that is transported through the epithelial layer, and thus encountered by the mucosal immune system in the gut, the greater is the risk of inducing an adverse allergic response. Proteins may be absorbed across the epithelial barrier by means of various mechanisms, and studies have shown that a transcellular facilitated transport route unique for food allergic individuals are at play for transport of allergens, and that upon mediator release from mast cells an enhanced allergen transport via the paracellular route occurs. This is in contrast to healthy individuals where transcytosis through the enterocytes is the main route of protein uptake. Thus, knowledge on factors affecting intestinal barrier functions and methods for the determination of their impact on protein uptake may be useful in future allergenicity assessments and for development of future preventive and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrine Lindholm Bøgh
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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50
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Schedel M, Leach SM, Strand MJ, Danhorn T, MacBeth M, Faino AV, Lynch AM, Winn VD, Munoz LL, Forsberg SM, Schwartz DA, Gelfand EW, Hauk PJ. Molecular networks in atopic mothers impact the risk of infant atopy. Allergy 2023; 78:244-257. [PMID: 35993851 DOI: 10.1111/all.15490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of atopic diseases has increased with atopic dermatitis (AD) as the earliest manifestation. We assessed if molecular risk factors in atopic mothers influence their infants' susceptibility to an atopic disease. METHODS Pregnant women and their infants with (n = 174, high-risk) or without (n = 126, low-risk) parental atopy were enrolled in a prospective birth cohort. Global differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were determined in atopic (n = 92) and non-atopic (n = 82) mothers. Principal component analysis was used to predict atopy risk in children dependent on maternal atopy. Genome-wide transcriptomic analyses were performed in paired atopic (n = 20) and non-atopic (n = 15) mothers and cord blood. Integrative genomic analyses were conducted to define methylation-gene expression relationships. RESULTS Atopic dermatitis was more prevalent in high-risk compared to low-risk children by age 2. Differential methylation analyses identified 165 DMRs distinguishing atopic from non-atopic mothers. Inclusion of DMRs in addition to maternal atopy significantly increased the odds ratio to develop AD in children from 2.56 to 4.26. In atopic compared to non-atopic mothers, 139 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified significantly enriched of genes within the interferon signaling pathway. Expression quantitative trait methylation analyses dependent on maternal atopy identified 29 DEGs controlled by 136 trans-acting methylation marks, some located near transcription factors. Differential expression for the same nine genes, including MX1 and IFI6 within the interferon pathway, was identified in atopic and non-atopic mothers and high-risk and low-risk children. CONCLUSION These data suggest that in utero epigenetic and transcriptomic mechanisms predominantly involving the interferon pathway may impact and predict the development of infant atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schedel
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medicine Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonia M Leach
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Center for Genes, Environment & Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew J Strand
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Morgan MacBeth
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anna V Faino
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research Core, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anne M Lynch
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Virginia D Winn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lindsay L Munoz
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Shannon M Forsberg
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - David A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Erwin W Gelfand
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Pia J Hauk
- Divisions of Allergy and Immunology and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.,Section Allergy/Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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