1
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Chiang SCC, Covill LE, Tesi B, Campbell TM, Schlums H, Nejati-Zendegani J, Mördrup K, Wood S, Theorell J, Sekine T, Al-Herz W, Akar HH, Belen FB, Chan MY, Devecioglu O, Aksu T, Ifversen M, Malinowska I, Sabel M, Unal E, Unal S, Introne WJ, Krzewski K, Gilmour KC, Ehl S, Ljunggren HG, Nordenskjöld M, Horne A, Henter JI, Meeths M, Bryceson YT. Efficacy of T-cell assays for the diagnosis of primary defects in cytotoxic lymphocyte exocytosis. Blood 2024; 144:873-887. [PMID: 38958468 PMCID: PMC11375501 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024024499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disorder associated with autosomal recessive variants in genes required for perforin-mediated lymphocyte cytotoxicity. A rapid diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment. Although defective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function causes pathogenesis, quantification of natural killer (NK)-cell exocytosis triggered by K562 target cells currently represents a standard diagnostic procedure for primary HLH. We have prospectively evaluated different lymphocyte exocytosis assays in 213 patients referred for evaluation for suspected HLH and related hyperinflammatory syndromes. A total of 138 patients received a molecular diagnosis consistent with primary HLH. Assessment of Fc receptor-triggered NK-cell and T-cell receptor (TCR)-triggered CTL exocytosis displayed higher sensitivity and improved specificity for the diagnosis of primary HLH than routine K562 cell-based assays, with these assays combined providing a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 98.3%. By comparison, NK-cell exocytosis after K562 target cell stimulation displayed a higher interindividual variability, in part explained by differences in NK-cell differentiation or large functional reductions after shipment. We thus recommend combined analysis of TCR-triggered CTL and Fc receptor-triggered NK-cell exocytosis for the diagnosis of patients with suspected familial HLH or atypical manifestations of congenital defects in lymphocyte exocytosis.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Exocytosis
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/diagnosis
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/immunology
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/genetics
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/pathology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Adolescent
- Child
- Adult
- Female
- K562 Cells
- Male
- Child, Preschool
- Middle Aged
- Infant
- Young Adult
- Aged
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Prospective Studies
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C C Chiang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Laura E Covill
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianca Tesi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tessa M Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heinrich Schlums
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jelve Nejati-Zendegani
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karina Mördrup
- Unit of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephanie Wood
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Theorell
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Takuya Sekine
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Himmet Haluk Akar
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Burcu Belen
- Department of Pediatrics, Baskent University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mei Yoke Chan
- Haematology/Oncology Service, Department of Paediatric Subspecialties, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Omer Devecioglu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tekin Aksu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marianne Ifversen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iwona Malinowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magnus Sabel
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical Point Hospital, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Sule Unal
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Wendy J Introne
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Konrad Krzewski
- Receptor Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- Immunology, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nordenskjöld
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - AnnaCarin Horne
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan-Inge Henter
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Meeths
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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2
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Karakus IS, Catak MC, Frohne A, Bayram Catak F, Yorgun Altunbas M, Babayeva R, Bal SK, Eltan SB, Yalcin Gungoren E, Esen F, Zemheri IE, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Ozen A, Caki-Kilic S, Kraakman MJ, Boztug K, Baris S. Rapamycin Controls Lymphoproliferation and Reverses T-Cell Responses in a Patient with a Novel STIM1 Loss-of-Function Deletion. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:94. [PMID: 38578569 PMCID: PMC10997552 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deficiency of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) results in combined immunodeficiency accompanied by extra-immunological findings like enamel defects and myopathy. We here studied a patient with a STIM1 loss-of-function mutation who presented with severe lymphoproliferation. We sought to explore the efficacy of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in controlling disease manifestations and reversing aberrant T-cell subsets and functions, which has never been used previously in this disorder. METHODS Clinical findings of the patient were collected over time. We performed immunological evaluations before and after initiation of rapamycin treatment, including detailed lymphocyte subset analyses, alterations in frequencies of circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and their subtypes as well as T cell activation and proliferation capacities. RESULTS A novel homozygous exon 2 deletion in STIM1 was detected in a 3-year-old girl with severe lymphoproliferation, recurrent infections, myopathy, iris hypoplasia, and enamel hypoplasia. Lymphoproliferation was associated with severe T-cell infiltrates. The deletion resulted in a complete loss of protein expression, associated with a lack of store-operated calcium entry response, defective T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Interestingly, patient blood contained fewer cTFH and increased circulating follicular regulatory (cTFR) cells. Abnormal skewing towards TH2-like responses in certain T-cell subpopulations like cTFH, non-cTFH memory T-helper, and Treg cells was associated with increased eosinophil numbers and serum IgE levels. Treatment with rapamycin controlled lymphoproliferation, improved T-cell activation and proliferation capacities, reversed T-cell responses, and repressed high IgE levels and eosinophilia. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances our understanding of STIM1 deficiency by uncovering additional abnormal T-cell responses, and reveals for the first time the potential therapeutic utility of rapamycin for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Cihangir Catak
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Feyza Bayram Catak
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Yorgun Altunbas
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Royala Babayeva
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sevgi Bilgic Eltan
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Yalcin Gungoren
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehim Esen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Itir Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suar Caki-Kilic
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Kaan Boztug
- Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Safa Baris
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Fevzi Çakmak Mah. No: 41, Pendik/Istanbul, Turkey.
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey.
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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3
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Jimenez-Armijo A, Morkmued S, Ahumada JT, Kharouf N, de Feraudy Y, Gogl G, Riet F, Niederreither K, Laporte J, Birling MC, Selloum M, Herault Y, Hernandez M, Bloch-Zupan A. The Rogdi knockout mouse is a model for Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:445. [PMID: 38172607 PMCID: PMC10764811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome (KTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, early-onset epileptic seizures, and amelogenesis imperfecta. Here, we present a novel Rogdi mutant mouse deleting exons 6-11- a mutation found in KTS patients disabling ROGDI function. This Rogdi-/- mutant model recapitulates most KTS symptoms. Mutants displayed pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures, confirming epilepsy susceptibility. Spontaneous locomotion and circadian activity tests demonstrate Rogdi mutant hyperactivity mirroring patient spasticity. Object recognition impairment indicates memory deficits. Rogdi-/- mutant enamel was markedly less mature. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed its hypomineralized/hypomature crystallization, as well as its low mineral content. Transcriptomic RNA sequencing of postnatal day 5 lower incisors showed downregulated enamel matrix proteins Enam, Amelx, and Ambn. Enamel crystallization appears highly pH-dependent, cycling between an acidic and neutral pH during enamel maturation. Rogdi-/- teeth exhibit no signs of cyclic dental acidification. Additionally, expression changes in Wdr72, Slc9a3r2, and Atp6v0c were identified as potential contributors to these tooth acidification abnormalities. These proteins interact through the acidifying V-ATPase complex. Here, we present the Rogdi-/- mutant as a novel model to partially decipher KTS pathophysiology. Rogdi-/- mutant defects in acidification might explain the unusual combination of enamel and rare neurological disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jimenez-Armijo
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Supawich Morkmued
- Pediatrics Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - José Tomás Ahumada
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Inserm UMR_S 1121, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yvan de Feraudy
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gergo Gogl
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Fabrice Riet
- CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marie Christine Birling
- CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Mohammed Selloum
- CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Yann Herault
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
- CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Magali Hernandez
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Institut d'études Avancées (USIAS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Orales et Dentaires, O-Rares, Filière Santé Maladies Rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France.
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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4
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Bloch-Zupan A, Rey T, Jimenez-Armijo A, Kawczynski M, Kharouf N, Dure-Molla MDL, Noirrit E, Hernandez M, Joseph-Beaudin C, Lopez S, Tardieu C, Thivichon-Prince B, Dostalova T, Macek M, Alloussi ME, Qebibo L, Morkmued S, Pungchanchaikul P, Orellana BU, Manière MC, Gérard B, Bugueno IM, Laugel-Haushalter V. Amelogenesis imperfecta: Next-generation sequencing sheds light on Witkop's classification. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1130175. [PMID: 37228816 PMCID: PMC10205041 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1130175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic rare diseases disrupting enamel development (Smith et al., Front Physiol, 2017a, 8, 333). The clinical enamel phenotypes can be described as hypoplastic, hypomineralized or hypomature and serve as a basis, together with the mode of inheritance, to Witkop's classification (Witkop, J Oral Pathol, 1988, 17, 547-553). AI can be described in isolation or associated with others symptoms in syndromes. Its occurrence was estimated to range from 1/700 to 1/14,000. More than 70 genes have currently been identified as causative. Objectives: We analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) a heterogeneous cohort of AI patients in order to determine the molecular etiology of AI and to improve diagnosis and disease management. Methods: Individuals presenting with so called "isolated" or syndromic AI were enrolled and examined at the Reference Centre for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases (O-Rares) using D4/phenodent protocol (www.phenodent.org). Families gave written informed consents for both phenotyping and molecular analysis and diagnosis using a dedicated NGS panel named GenoDENT. This panel explores currently simultaneously 567 genes. The study is registered under NCT01746121 and NCT02397824 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). Results: GenoDENT obtained a 60% diagnostic rate. We reported genetics results for 221 persons divided between 115 AI index cases and their 106 associated relatives from a total of 111 families. From this index cohort, 73% were diagnosed with non-syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta and 27% with syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta. Each individual was classified according to the AI phenotype. Type I hypoplastic AI represented 61 individuals (53%), Type II hypomature AI affected 31 individuals (27%), Type III hypomineralized AI was diagnosed in 18 individuals (16%) and Type IV hypoplastic-hypomature AI with taurodontism concerned 5 individuals (4%). We validated the genetic diagnosis, with class 4 (likely pathogenic) or class 5 (pathogenic) variants, for 81% of the cohort, and identified candidate variants (variant of uncertain significance or VUS) for 19% of index cases. Among the 151 sequenced variants, 47 are newly reported and classified as class 4 or 5. The most frequently discovered genotypes were associated with MMP20 and FAM83H for isolated AI. FAM20A and LTBP3 genes were the most frequent genes identified for syndromic AI. Patients negative to the panel were resolved with exome sequencing elucidating for example the gene involved ie ACP4 or digenic inheritance. Conclusion: NGS GenoDENT panel is a validated and cost-efficient technique offering new perspectives to understand underlying molecular mechanisms of AI. Discovering variants in genes involved in syndromic AI (CNNM4, WDR72, FAM20A … ) transformed patient overall care. Unravelling the genetic basis of AI sheds light on Witkop's AI classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Bloch-Zupan
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut d’études avancées (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan Rey
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandra Jimenez-Armijo
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Marzena Kawczynski
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Inserm UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance-Paris Hospitals (AP-HP), Reference Center for Rare Oral and Den-tal Diseases (O-Rares), Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Noirrit
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil, Toulouse, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Den-tal Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Hernandez
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nancy, France
| | - Clara Joseph-Beaudin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nice, France
| | - Serena Lopez
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nantes, France
| | - Corinne Tardieu
- APHM, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Hôpital Timone, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Thivichon-Prince
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Lyon, France
| | | | - Tatjana Dostalova
- Department of Stomatology (TD) and Department of Biology and Medical Genetics (MM) Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Stomatology (TD) and Department of Biology and Medical Genetics (MM) Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Mustapha El Alloussi
- Faculty of Dentistry, International University of Rabat, CReSS Centre de recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Leila Qebibo
- Unité de génétique médicale et d’oncogénétique, CHU Hassan II, Fes, Morocco
| | | | | | - Blanca Urzúa Orellana
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bénédicte Gérard
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
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5
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Zhang Z, Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhao L, Fu W. Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1) is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Solid Tumors. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2023; 42:11-30. [PMID: 36749087 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2022043693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a key subunit of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), is closely associated with tumor growth, development, and metastasis. However, there is no report of a comprehensive assessment of STIM1 in pan-cancer. This study aimed to perform a general analysis of STIM1 in human tumors, including its molecular characteristics, functional mechanisms, clinical significance, and immune infiltrates correlation based on pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene expression analysis was investigated using TCGA RNA-seq data, the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). Phosphorylation analysis was undertaken using the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CP-TAC) and the PhosphoNET database. Genetic alterations of STIM1 were analyzed using cBioPortal. Prognostic analysis was via the R package "survival" function and the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Functional enrichment analysis was via by the R package "cluster Profiler" function. The association between STIM1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune markers was by the R package "GSVA" function and TIMER. STIM1 was differentially expressed and associated with distinct clinical stages in multiple tumors. The phosphorylation of STIM1 at S673 is highly expressed in clear cell renal carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma tumors compared to normal tissues. STIM1 genetic alterations correlate with poor prognosis in several tumors, including ovarian cancer and lung squamous cell carcinomas. High STIM1 expression is associated with good or poor prognosis across diverse tumors. Overall survival (OS) analysis indicated that STIM1 is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with BRCA, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, OV, SARC, and UCEC, and is a risk prognostic factor for BLCA, KIRP, STAD, and UVM. There is a close correlation between STIM1 expression and immune cell infiltration, immune-regulated genes, chemokines, and immune checkpoints in a variety of tumors. STIM1 functions differently in diverse tumors, playing an oncogenic or antitumor role. Moreover, It may serve as a prognostic biomarker and an immunotherapy target across multiple tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yumeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Weihua Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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6
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Neumann J, Van Nieuwenhove E, Terry LE, Staels F, Knebel TR, Welkenhuyzen K, Ahmadzadeh K, Baker MR, Gerbaux M, Willemsen M, Barber JS, Serysheva II, De Waele L, Vermeulen F, Schlenner S, Meyts I, Yule DI, Bultynck G, Schrijvers R, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. Disrupted Ca 2+ homeostasis and immunodeficiency in patients with functional IP 3 receptor subtype 3 defects. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:11-25. [PMID: 36302985 PMCID: PMC9794825 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is essential for lymphocyte activation, with genetic disruptions of store-operated calcium (Ca2+) entry resulting in severe immunodeficiency. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), a homo- or heterotetramer of the IP3R1-3 isoforms, amplifies lymphocyte signaling by releasing Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum stores following antigen stimulation. Although knockout of all IP3R isoforms in mice causes immunodeficiency, the seeming redundancy of the isoforms is thought to explain the absence of variants in human immunodeficiency. In this study, we identified compound heterozygous variants of ITPR3 (a gene encoding IP3R subtype 3) in two unrelated Caucasian patients presenting with immunodeficiency. To determine whether ITPR3 variants act in a nonredundant manner and disrupt human immune responses, we characterized the Ca2+ signaling capacity, the lymphocyte response, and the clinical phenotype of these patients. We observed disrupted Ca2+ signaling in patient-derived fibroblasts and immune cells, with abnormal proliferation and activation responses following T-cell receptor stimulation. Reconstitution of IP3R3 in IP3R knockout cell lines led to the identification of variants as functional hypomorphs that showed reduced ability to discriminate between homeostatic and induced states, validating a genotype-phenotype link. These results demonstrate a functional link between defective endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channels and immunodeficiency and identify IP3Rs as diagnostic targets for patients with specific inborn errors of immunity. These results also extend the known cause of Ca2+-associated immunodeficiency from store-operated entry to impaired Ca2+ mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum, revealing a broad sensitivity of lymphocytes to genetic defects in Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julika Neumann
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lara E Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Frederik Staels
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Taylor R Knebel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Kirsten Welkenhuyzen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kourosh Ahmadzadeh
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mariah R Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Margaux Gerbaux
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Pediatric Department, Academic Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathijs Willemsen
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John S Barber
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irina I Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Liesbeth De Waele
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Susan Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Allergy and Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
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7
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Lin B, Goldbach-Mansky R. Pathogenic insights from genetic causes of autoinflammatory inflammasomopathies and interferonopathies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:819-832. [PMID: 34893352 PMCID: PMC8901451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of systemic autoinflammatory diseases arise from gain-of-function mutations in genes encoding IL-1-activating inflammasomes or cytoplasmic nucleic acid sensors including the receptor and sensor STING and result in increased IL-1 and type I interferon production, respectively. Blocking these pathways in human diseases has provided proof-of-concept, confirming the prominent roles of these cytokines in disease pathogenesis. Recent insights into the multilayered regulation of these sensor pathways and insights into their role in amplifying the disease pathogenesis of monogenic and complex genetic diseases spurred new drug development targeting the sensors. This review provides insights into the pathogenesis and genetic causes of these "prototypic" diseases caused by gain-of function mutations in IL-1-activating inflammasomes (inflammasomopathies) and in interferon-activating pathways (interferonopathies) including STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy, Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, and proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndromes that link activation of the viral sensors STING, "self" nucleic acid metabolism, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system to "type I interferon production" and human diseases. Clinical responses and biomarker changes to Janus kinase inhibitors confirm a role of interferons, and a growing number of diseases with "interferon signatures" unveil extensive cross-talk between major inflammatory pathways. Understanding these interactions promises new tools in tackling the significant clinical challenges in treating patients with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lin
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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8
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Mukherjee S, Cogan JD, Newman JH, Phillips JA, Hamid R, Meiler J, Capra JA. Identifying digenic disease genes via machine learning in the Undiagnosed Diseases Network. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:1946-1963. [PMID: 34529933 PMCID: PMC8546038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare diseases affect millions of people worldwide, and discovering their genetic causes is challenging. More than half of the individuals analyzed by the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) remain undiagnosed. The central hypothesis of this work is that many of these rare genetic disorders are caused by multiple variants in more than one gene. However, given the large number of variants in each individual genome, experimentally evaluating combinations of variants for potential to cause disease is currently infeasible. To address this challenge, we developed the digenic predictor (DiGePred), a random forest classifier for identifying candidate digenic disease gene pairs by features derived from biological networks, genomics, evolutionary history, and functional annotations. We trained the DiGePred classifier by using DIDA, the largest available database of known digenic-disease-causing gene pairs, and several sets of non-digenic gene pairs, including variant pairs derived from unaffected relatives of UDN individuals. DiGePred achieved high precision and recall in cross-validation and on a held-out test set (PR area under the curve > 77%), and we further demonstrate its utility by using digenic pairs from the recent literature. In contrast to other approaches, DiGePred also appropriately controls the number of false positives when applied in realistic clinical settings. Finally, to enable the rapid screening of variant gene pairs for digenic disease potential, we freely provide the predictions of DiGePred on all human gene pairs. Our work enables the discovery of genetic causes for rare non-monogenic diseases by providing a means to rapidly evaluate variant gene pairs for the potential to cause digenic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhrid Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Joy D Cogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John H Newman
- Pulmonary Hypertension Center, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John A Phillips
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04109, Germany; Department of Computer Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04109, Germany.
| | - John A Capra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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9
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Wong HSC, Chang WC. Single-cell melanoma transcriptomes depicting functional versatility and clinical implications of STIM1 in the tumor microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5092-5106. [PMID: 33859736 PMCID: PMC8039943 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Previous studies have implicated the functions of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in immunity and malignancy, however, the specificity and effects of STIM1 expression in malignant and non-malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment are unclear. Methods: In the current study, we posed two central questions: (1) does STIM1 expression elicit different cellular programs in cell types within the melanoma tumor microenvironment (2) whether the expression of STIM1 and STIM1-coexpressed genes (SCGs) serve as prognostic indicators of patient's outcomes? To answer these questions, we dissected cell-specific STIM1-associated cellular programs in diverse cell types within the melanoma tumor microenvironment by measuring cell-type specificity of STIM1 expression and SCGs. Results: A distinct set of SCGs was highly affected in malignant melanoma cells, but not in the other cell types, suggesting the existence of malignant-cell-specific cellular programs reflected by STIM1 expression. In contrast to malignant cells, STIM1 expression appeared to trigger universal and non-specific biological functions in non-malignant cell types, as exemplified by the transcriptomes of macrophages and CD4+ T regulatory cells. Results from bioinformatic analyses indicated that SCGs in malignant cells may alter cell-cell interactions through cytokine/chemokine signaling and/or orchestrate immune infiltration into the tumor. Moreover, a prognostic association between SCGs in CD4+ T regulatory cells and patient's outcomes was identified. However, we didn't find any correlation between SCGs and responsiveness of immunotherapy. Conclusions: Overall, our results provide an integrated biological framework for understanding the functional and clinical consequences of cell-specific STIM1 expression in melanoma.
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10
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Bardou MLD, Henriques MT, Grumach AS. Inborn errors of immunity associated with characteristic phenotypes. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97 Suppl 1:S75-S83. [PMID: 33347837 PMCID: PMC9432272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the report is to describe the main immunodeficiencies with syndromic characteristics according to the new classification of Inborn Errors of Immunity. DATA SOURCE The data search was centered on the PubMed platform on review studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, case reports and a randomized study published in the last 10 years that allowed the characterization of the several immunological defects included in this group. DATA SYNTHESIS Immunodeficiencies with syndromic characteristics include 65 immunological defects in 9 subgroups. The diversity of clinical manifestations is observed in each described disease and may appear early or later, with variable severity. Congenital thrombocytopenia, syndromes with DNA repair defect, immuno-osseous dysplasias, thymic defects, Hyper IgE Syndrome, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency were addressed. CONCLUSIONS Immunological defects can present with very different characteristics; however, the occurrence of infectious processes, autoimmune disorders and progression to malignancy may suggest diagnostic research. In the case of diseases with gene mutations, family history is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maine Luellah Demaret Bardou
- Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Faculdade de Medicina, Serviço de Referência em Doenças Raras, Imunologia Clínica, Santo André, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Teixeira Henriques
- Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Faculdade de Medicina, Serviço de Referência em Doenças Raras, Imunologia Clínica, Santo André, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anete Sevciovic Grumach
- Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Faculdade de Medicina, Serviço de Referência em Doenças Raras, Imunologia Clínica, Santo André, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Burgos M, Philippe R, Antigny F, Buscaglia P, Masson E, Mukherjee S, Dubar P, Le Maréchal C, Campeotto F, Lebonvallet N, Frieden M, Llopis J, Domingo B, Stathopulos PB, Ikura M, Brooks W, Guida W, Chen JM, Ferec C, Capiod T, Mignen O. The p.E152K-STIM1 mutation deregulates Ca 2+ signaling contributing to chronic pancreatitis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.244012. [PMID: 33468626 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.244012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since deregulation of intracellular Ca2+ can lead to intracellular trypsin activation, and stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1) protein is the main regulator of Ca2+ homeostasis in pancreatic acinar cells, we explored the Ca2+ signaling in 37 STIM1 variants found in three pancreatitis patient cohorts. Extensive functional analysis of one particular variant, p.E152K, identified in three patients, provided a plausible link between dysregulated Ca2+ signaling within pancreatic acinar cells and chronic pancreatitis susceptibility. Specifically, p.E152K, located within the STIM1 EF-hand and sterile α-motif domain, increased the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum in patient-derived fibroblasts and transfected HEK293T cells. This event was mediated by altered STIM1-sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase (SERCA) conformational change and enhanced SERCA pump activity leading to increased store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). In pancreatic AR42J cells expressing the p.E152K variant, Ca2+ signaling perturbations correlated with defects in trypsin activation and secretion, and increased cytotoxicity after cholecystokinin stimulation.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Burgos
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France .,Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB) and Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02002 Albacete, Spain.,Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (UI-CHUA), 02002 Albacete, Spain
| | - Reginald Philippe
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.,Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.,Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva Medical Center, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Buscaglia
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France.,UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609 Brest, France
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Sreya Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Pauline Dubar
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | | | - Florence Campeotto
- Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Service de Gastroentérologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles Digestives Pédiatriques, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité Université, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lebonvallet
- Laboratory of Interactions Keratinocytes Neurons (EA4685), University of Western Brittany, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Maud Frieden
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva Medical Center, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juan Llopis
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB) and Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02002 Albacete, Spain
| | - Beatriz Domingo
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB) and Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02002 Albacete, Spain
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Wesley Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Wayne Guida
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Claude Ferec
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Thierry Capiod
- INSERM Unit 1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Université Paris Descartes, Paris 75014, France
| | - Olivier Mignen
- Université de Brest, INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, F-29200 Brest, France .,UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609 Brest, France
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12
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Wu B, Rice L, Shrimpton J, Lawless D, Walker K, Carter C, McKeown L, Anwar R, Doody GM, Srikanth S, Gwack Y, Savic S. Biallelic mutations in calcium release activated channel regulator 2A (CRACR2A) cause a primary immunodeficiency disorder. eLife 2021; 10:72559. [PMID: 34908525 PMCID: PMC8673834 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CRAC channel regulator 2 A (CRACR2A) is a large Rab GTPase that is expressed abundantly in T cells and acts as a signal transmitter between T cell receptor stimulation and activation of the Ca2+-NFAT and JNK-AP1 pathways. CRACR2A has been linked to human diseases in numerous genome-wide association studies, however, to date no patient with damaging variants in CRACR2A has been identified. In this study, we describe a patient harboring biallelic variants in CRACR2A [paternal allele c.834 gaG> gaT (p.E278D) and maternal alelle c.430 Aga > Gga (p.R144G) c.898 Gag> Tag (p.E300*)], the gene encoding CRACR2A. The 33-year-old patient of East-Asian origin exhibited late onset combined immunodeficiency characterised by recurrent chest infections, panhypogammaglobulinemia and CD4+ T cell lymphopenia. In vitro exposure of patient B cells to a T-dependent stimulus resulted in normal generation of antibody-secreting cells, however the patient's T cells showed pronounced reduction in CRACR2A protein levels and reduced proximal TCR signaling, including dampened SOCE and reduced JNK phosphorylation, that contributed to a defect in proliferation and cytokine production. Expression of individual allelic mutants in CRACR2A-deleted T cells showed that the CRACR2AE278D mutant did not affect JNK phosphorylation, but impaired SOCE which resulted in reduced cytokine production. The truncated double mutant CRACR2AR144G/E300* showed a pronounced defect in JNK phosphorylation as well as SOCE and strong impairment in cytokine production. Thus, we have identified variants in CRACR2A that led to late-stage combined immunodeficiency characterized by loss of function in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wu
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Laura Rice
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Shrimpton
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Dylan Lawless
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kieran Walker
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Clive Carter
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University HospitalLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Lynn McKeown
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Rashida Anwar
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Gina M Doody
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University HospitalLeedsUnited Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Biomedical Research Centre and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University HospitalLeedsUnited Kingdom
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13
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A calcium optimum for cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 115:10-18. [PMID: 33358089 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells are required for host defense. They destroy malignant target cells like cancer cells. Among metal cations, Ca2+ plays a prescinded role for CTL and NK cytotoxicity as it is the only cation used as ubiquitous second messenger. Measuring intracellular Ca2+ concentrations [Ca2+]int in single cells has greatly changed our understanding of Ca2+ signaling. Yet, comparing the role of Ca2+ in the pre-[Ca2+]int and [Ca2+]int measurement era reveals that even in the pre-[Ca2+]int measurement era (before 1980), the functions of Ca2+ and some other metal cations for the cytotoxic immune response were well established. It was even shown that Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane but not Ca2+ release from intracellular sources is relevant for lymphocyte cytotoxicity and that very little Ca2+ is needed for efficient lymphocyte cytotoxicity against cancer cells. In the [Ca2+]int measurement era after 1980, many of the important findings were better and more quantitatively refined and in addition the molecules important for Ca2+ transport were defined. The unexpected finding that there is a Ca2+ optimum of CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity deserves some attention and may be important for anti-cancer therapy.
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14
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Kahlfuss S, Kaufmann U, Concepcion AR, Noyer L, Raphael D, Vaeth M, Yang J, Pancholi P, Maus M, Muller J, Kozhaya L, Khodadadi-Jamayran A, Sun Z, Shaw P, Unutmaz D, Stathopulos PB, Feist C, Cameron SB, Turvey SE, Feske S. STIM1-mediated calcium influx controls antifungal immunity and the metabolic function of non-pathogenic Th17 cells. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11592. [PMID: 32609955 PMCID: PMC7411566 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity to fungal infections is mediated by cells of the innate and adaptive immune system including Th17 cells. Ca2+ influx in immune cells is regulated by stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and its activation of the Ca2+ channel ORAI1. We here identify patients with a novel mutation in STIM1 (p.L374P) that abolished Ca2+ influx and resulted in increased susceptibility to fungal and other infections. In mice, deletion of STIM1 in all immune cells enhanced susceptibility to mucosal C. albicans infection, whereas T cell‐specific deletion of STIM1 impaired immunity to systemic C. albicans infection. STIM1 deletion impaired the production of Th17 cytokines essential for antifungal immunity and compromised the expression of genes in several metabolic pathways including Foxo and HIF1α signaling that regulate glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Our study further revealed distinct roles of STIM1 in regulating transcription and metabolic programs in non‐pathogenic Th17 cells compared to pathogenic, proinflammatory Th17 cells, a finding that may potentially be exploited for the treatment of Th17 cell‐mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Kahlfuss
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ulrike Kaufmann
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Axel R Concepcion
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucile Noyer
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitrius Raphael
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Vaeth
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Priya Pancholi
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mate Maus
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Muller
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lina Kozhaya
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Zhengxi Sun
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Shaw
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cori Feist
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Scott B Cameron
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Derakhshan D, Taherifard E, Taherifard E, Sajedianfard S, Derakhshan A. A novel frame shift mutation in STIM1 gene causing primary immunodeficiency. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2020; 9:109-112. [PMID: 32494559 PMCID: PMC7263988 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2020.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency 10 is an autosomal recessive disorder presenting with iris hypoplasia, muscular hypotonia and nonprogressive myopathy, recurrent bacterial infections, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hypohidrosis and nail dysplasia caused by the mutation of stromal interaction molecule 1 gene (STIM1). Herein, we present a new case of STIM1 mediated immunodeficiency, carrying a novel frameshift mutation. Our patient presented with nephrotic syndrome, hypotonia, myopathy, recurrent bacterial infections, thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. She is now 23 months old and is on steroid, cyclosporine and monthly IVIG. She has had no recent significant infections and is receiving rehabilitation therapy to improve her motor skills. Rare genetic syndromes should be suspected in patients of consanguineous parents, who present with a set of different manifestations. Gathering all the patient's manifestations together and looking them as one disease should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ehsan Taherifard
- Address correspondence to:Ehsan Taherifard, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand St., Shiraz, Iran. E-mail:
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16
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Sönmez HE, Karaaslan C, de Jesus AA, Batu ED, Anlar B, Sözeri B, Bilginer Y, Karaguzel D, Ayvaz DC, Tezcan I, Goldbach-Mansky R, Ozen S. A clinical score to guide in decision making for monogenic type I IFNopathies. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:745-752. [PMID: 31641281 PMCID: PMC8425764 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a set of clinical criteria that identifies patients with a potential autoinflammatory IFNopathy. METHODS Based on a literature review, a set of clinical criteria identifying genetically confirmed monogenic IFNopathies was selected. For validation, the clinical score was assessed in healthy controls (HCs) and 18 disease controls, including 2 known autoimmune IFNopathies, juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE, n = 4) and dermatomyositis (JDM, n = 4); adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency (DADA2, n = 4); and oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oJIA, n = 6). We assessed an IFN score (IRG-S) in whole blood by NanoString using a previously published 28-gene-IRG-S and a reduced 6-gene-IRG-S. RESULTS The 12 patients with a possible IFNopathy had higher clinical scores (3-5) than the patients with sJLE, JDM, DADA2, and oJIA and in HCs. Both the 28-IRG-S and 6-IRG-S were significantly higher in the autoinflammatory IFNopathy patients compared to HCs and oJIA and DADA2 patients but not different from patients with JSLE and JDM. Subsequently, genetic analysis revealed mutations in genes previously reported in genes related to the IFN pathway in 9 of the 12 patients. CONCLUSION We developed a clinical score to identify patients with possible autoinflammatory IFNopathies. A clinical score was associated with a high IRG-S and may serve to identify patients with an autoinflammatory IFNopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafize Emine Sönmez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Karaaslan
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adriana A. de Jesus
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Anlar
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Sözeri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Umraniye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yelda Bilginer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Karaguzel
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cagdas Ayvaz
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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17
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Saeed A, Shorafa E, Sanaeidashti A, Kadivar MR. Clinical presentation of paediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to a single paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Iran. BMJ Paediatr Open 2020; 4:e000715. [PMID: 34192168 PMCID: PMC7499680 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical characteristics of paediatric patients admitted to a single paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Iran with COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional study of paediatric patients who were admitted to a COVID-19-dedicated PICU from 16 March 2020 to 21 April 2020 with COVID-19. RESULTS Six children had confirmed COVID-19 and four had suspected COVID-19. Six had pre-existing chronic medical conditions. Nine had respiratory failure and needed ventilation. Five children, of whom four had chronic medical conditions, died. Four had cardiac arrhythmias. Clinical presentation included fever and cough. CONCLUSION COVID-19 can be fatal in paediatric patients, especially in those with a chronic medical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeed
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eslam Shorafa
- department of pediatrics, division of intensive care unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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18
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Rice L, Stockdale C, Berry I, O'Riordan S, Pysden K, Anwar R, Rushambuza R, Blyth M, Srikanth S, Gwack Y, El-Sherbiny YM, Carter C, Savic S. A Report of Novel STIM1 Deficiency and 6-Year Follow-Up of Two Previous Cases Associated with Mild Immunological Phenotype. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:249-256. [PMID: 30949876 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rice
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire Stockdale
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Ian Berry
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sean O'Riordan
- Department of Paediatric Immunology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Karen Pysden
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Rashida Anwar
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Roger Rushambuza
- Department of Radiology, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Moira Blyth
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yasser M El-Sherbiny
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.,Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Biomedical Research Centre and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Clive Carter
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK. .,National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Biomedical Research Centre and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM), Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, UK.
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19
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Eckstein M, Lacruz RS. CRAC channels in dental enamel cells. Cell Calcium 2018; 75:14-20. [PMID: 30114531 PMCID: PMC6435299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Enamel mineralization relies on Ca2+ availability provided by Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. CRAC channels are modulated by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor STIM1 which gates the pore subunit of the channel known as ORAI1, found the in plasma membrane, to enable sustained Ca2+ influx. Mutations in the STIM1 and ORAI1 genes result in CRAC channelopathy, an ensemble of diseases including immunodeficiency, muscular hypotonia, ectodermal dysplasia with defects in sweat gland function and abnormal enamel mineralization similar to amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). In some reports, the chief medical complain has been the patient's dental health, highlighting the direct and important link between CRAC channels and enamel. The reported enamel defects are apparent in both the deciduous and in permanent teeth and often require extensive dental treatment to provide the patient with a functional dentition. Among the dental phenotypes observed in the patients, discoloration, increased wear, hypoplasias (thinning of enamel) and chipping has been reported. These findings are not universal in all patients. Here we review the mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1 causing AI-like phenotype, and evaluate the enamel defects in CRAC channel deficient mice. We also provide a brief overview of the role of CRAC channels in other mineralizing systems such as dentine and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Eckstein
- Dept. Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York 10010, USA
| | - R S Lacruz
- Dept. Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York 10010, USA.
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20
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Abstract
Proper regulation of the immune system is required for protection against pathogens and preventing autoimmune disorders. Inborn errors of the immune system due to inherited or de novo germline mutations can lead to the loss of protective immunity, aberrant immune homeostasis, and the development of autoimmune disease, or combinations of these. Forward genetic screens involving clinical material from patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) can vary in severity from life-threatening disease affecting multiple cell types and organs to relatively mild disease with susceptibility to a limited range of pathogens or mild autoimmune conditions. As central mediators of innate and adaptive immune responses, T cells are critical orchestrators and effectors of the immune response. As such, several PIDs result from loss of or altered T cell function. PID-associated functional defects range from complete absence of T cell development to uncontrolled effector cell activation. Furthermore, the gene products of known PID causal genes are involved in diverse molecular pathways ranging from T cell receptor signaling to regulators of protein glycosylation. Identification of the molecular and biochemical cause of PIDs can not only guide the course of treatment for patients, but also inform our understanding of the basic biology behind T cell function. In this chapter, we review PIDs with known genetic causes that intrinsically affect T cell function with particular focus on perturbations of biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Comrie
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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21
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ORAI1 mutations abolishing store-operated Ca 2+ entry cause anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 142:1297-1310.e11. [PMID: 29155098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels is an essential signaling pathway in many cell types. Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels are formed by ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3 proteins and activated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM) 1 and STIM2. Mutations in the ORAI1 and STIM1 genes that abolish SOCE cause a combined immunodeficiency (CID) syndrome that is accompanied by autoimmunity and nonimmunologic symptoms. OBJECTIVE We performed molecular and immunologic analysis of patients with CID, anhidrosis, and ectodermal dysplasia of unknown etiology. METHODS We performed DNA sequencing of the ORAI1 gene, modeling of mutations on ORAI1 crystal structure, analysis of ORAI1 mRNA and protein expression, SOCE measurements, immunologic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte populations by using flow cytometry, and histologic and ultrastructural analysis of patient tissues. RESULTS We identified 3 novel autosomal recessive mutations in ORAI1 in unrelated kindreds with CID, autoimmunity, ectodermal dysplasia with anhidrosis, and muscular dysplasia. The patients were homozygous for p.V181SfsX8, p.L194P, and p.G98R mutations in the ORAI1 gene that suppressed ORAI1 protein expression and SOCE in the patients' lymphocytes and fibroblasts. In addition to impaired T-cell cytokine production, ORAI1 mutations were associated with strongly reduced numbers of invariant natural killer T and regulatory T (Treg) cells and altered composition of γδ T-cell and natural killer cell subsets. CONCLUSION ORAI1 null mutations are associated with reduced numbers of invariant natural killer T and Treg cells that likely contribute to the patients' immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. ORAI1-deficient patients have dental enamel defects and anhidrosis, representing a new form of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency that is distinct from previously reported patients with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway (IKBKG and NFKBIA).
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22
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Goodier MR, Jonjić S, Riley EM, Juranić Lisnić V. CMV and natural killer cells: shaping the response to vaccination. Eur J Immunol 2017; 48:50-65. [PMID: 28960320 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are highly prevalent, persistent human pathogens that not only evade but also shape our immune responses. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the control of CMV and CMVs have in turn developed a plethora of immunoevasion mechanisms targeting NK cells. This complex interplay can leave a long-lasting imprint on the immune system in general and affect responses toward other pathogens and vaccines. This review aims to provide an overview of NK cell biology and development, the manipulation of NK cells by CMVs and the potential impact of these evasion strategies on responses to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Goodier
- Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Stipan Jonjić
- Department for Histology and Embryology and Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Eleanor M Riley
- Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Vanda Juranić Lisnić
- Department for Histology and Embryology and Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia
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23
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Freund-Brown J, Choa R, Singh BK, Robertson TF, Ferry GM, Viver E, Bassiri H, Burkhardt JK, Kambayashi T. Cutting Edge: Murine NK Cells Degranulate and Retain Cytotoxic Function without Store-Operated Calcium Entry. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:ji1700340. [PMID: 28794231 PMCID: PMC5807242 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sustained Ca2+ signaling, known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), occurs downstream of immunoreceptor engagement and is critical for cytotoxic lymphocyte signaling and effector function. CD8+ T cells require sustained Ca2+ signaling for inflammatory cytokine production and the killing of target cells; however, much less is known about its role in NK cells. In this study, we use mice deficient in stromal interacting molecules 1 and 2, which are required for SOCE, to examine the contribution of sustained Ca2+ signaling to murine NK cell function. Surprisingly, we found that, although SOCE is required for NK cell IFN-γ production in an NFAT-dependent manner, NK cell degranulation/cytotoxicity and tumor rejection in vivo remained intact in the absence of sustained Ca2+ signaling. Our data suggest that mouse NK cells use different signaling mechanisms for cytotoxicity compared with other cytotoxic lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Freund-Brown
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ruth Choa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Brenal K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Tanner Ford Robertson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Gabrielle M Ferry
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Eric Viver
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Hamid Bassiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Janis K Burkhardt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
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24
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Gasse B, Prasad M, Delgado S, Huckert M, Kawczynski M, Garret-Bernardin A, Lopez-Cazaux S, Bailleul-Forestier I, Manière MC, Stoetzel C, Bloch-Zupan A, Sire JY. Evolutionary Analysis Predicts Sensitive Positions of MMP20 and Validates Newly- and Previously-Identified MMP20 Mutations Causing Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Front Physiol 2017; 8:398. [PMID: 28659819 PMCID: PMC5469888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) designates a group of genetic diseases characterized by a large range of enamel disorders causing important social and health problems. These defects can result from mutations in enamel matrix proteins or protease encoding genes. A range of mutations in the enamel cleavage enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-20 gene (MMP20) produce enamel defects of varying severity. To address how various alterations produce a range of AI phenotypes, we performed a targeted analysis to find MMP20 mutations in French patients diagnosed with non-syndromic AI. Genomic DNA was isolated from saliva and MMP20 exons and exon-intron boundaries sequenced. We identified several homozygous or heterozygous mutations, putatively involved in the AI phenotypes. To validate missense mutations and predict sensitive positions in the MMP20 sequence, we evolutionarily compared 75 sequences extracted from the public databases using the Datamonkey webserver. These sequences were representative of mammalian lineages, covering more than 150 million years of evolution. This analysis allowed us to find 324 sensitive positions (out of the 483 MMP20 residues), pinpoint functionally important domains, and build an evolutionary chart of important conserved MMP20 regions. This is an efficient tool to identify new- and previously-identified mutations. We thus identified six functional MMP20 mutations in unrelated families, finding two novel mutated sites. The genotypes and phenotypes of these six mutations are described and compared. To date, 13 MMP20 mutations causing AI have been reported, making these genotypes and associated hypomature enamel phenotypes the most frequent in AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gasse
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Megana Prasad
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Sidney Delgado
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Mathilde Huckert
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Marzena Kawczynski
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Annelyse Garret-Bernardin
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Unit of Dentistry, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalRome, Italy
| | - Serena Lopez-Cazaux
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Département d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Compétences Maladies Rares, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Service d'odontologie Conservatrice et PédiatriqueNantes, France
| | - Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, CHU de Toulouse, Centre de Compétences Maladies Rares, Odontologie Pédiatrique, Université Paul SabatierToulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire, Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France.,Institut d'Etudes Avancées, Université de Strasbourg, USIASStrasbourg, France.,Eastman Dental Institute, University College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Yves Sire
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
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25
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Nurbaeva MK, Eckstein M, Feske S, Lacruz RS. Ca 2+ transport and signalling in enamel cells. J Physiol 2017; 595:3015-3039. [PMID: 27510811 PMCID: PMC5430215 DOI: 10.1113/jp272775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel is one of the most remarkable examples of matrix-mediated biomineralization. Enamel crystals form de novo in a rich extracellular environment in a stage-dependent manner producing complex microstructural patterns that are visually stunning. This process is orchestrated by specialized epithelial cells known as ameloblasts which themselves undergo striking morphological changes, switching function from a secretory role to a cell primarily engaged in ionic transport. Ameloblasts are supported by a host of cell types which combined represent the enamel organ. Fully mineralized enamel is the hardest tissue found in vertebrates owing its properties partly to the unique mixture of ionic species represented and their highly organized assembly in the crystal lattice. Among the main elements found in enamel, Ca2+ is the most abundant ion, yet how ameloblasts modulate Ca2+ dynamics remains poorly known. This review describes previously proposed models for passive and active Ca2+ transport, the intracellular Ca2+ buffering systems expressed in ameloblasts and provides an up-dated view of current models concerning Ca2+ influx and extrusion mechanisms, where most of the recent advances have been made. We also advance a new model for Ca2+ transport by the enamel organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meerim K. Nurbaeva
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial BiologyNew York University College of DentistryNew YorkUSA
| | - Miriam Eckstein
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial BiologyNew York University College of DentistryNew YorkUSA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of PathologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY10016USA
| | - Rodrigo S. Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial BiologyNew York University College of DentistryNew YorkUSA
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26
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Concepcion AR, Feske S. Regulation of epithelial ion transport in exocrine glands by store-operated Ca 2+ entry. Cell Calcium 2016; 63:53-59. [PMID: 28027799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a conserved mechanism of Ca2+ influx that regulates Ca2+ signaling in many cell types. SOCE is activated by depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores in response to physiological agonist stimulation. After it was first postulated by J.W. Putney Jr. in 1986, SOCE has been described in a large number of non-excitable cell types including secretory cells of different exocrine glands. Here we discuss the mechanisms by which SOCE controls salt and fluid secretion in exocrine glands, with a special focus on eccrine sweat glands. In sweat glands, SOCE plays an important, non-redundant role in regulating the function of Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCC), Cl- secretion and sweat production. In the absence of key regulators of SOCE such as the CRAC channel pore subunit ORAI1 and its activator STIM1, the Ca2+-activated chloride channel TMEM16A is inactive and fails to secrete Cl-, resulting in anhidrosis in mice and human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel R Concepcion
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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27
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Concepcion AR, Vaeth M, Wagner LE, Eckstein M, Hecht L, Yang J, Crottes D, Seidl M, Shin HP, Weidinger C, Cameron S, Turvey SE, Issekutz T, Meyts I, Lacruz RS, Cuk M, Yule DI, Feske S. Store-operated Ca2+ entry regulates Ca2+-activated chloride channels and eccrine sweat gland function. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4303-4318. [PMID: 27721237 DOI: 10.1172/jci89056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccrine sweat glands are essential for sweating and thermoregulation in humans. Loss-of-function mutations in the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel genes ORAI1 and STIM1 abolish store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and patients with these CRAC channel mutations suffer from anhidrosis and hyperthermia at high ambient temperatures. Here we have shown that CRAC channel-deficient patients and mice with ectodermal tissue-specific deletion of Orai1 (Orai1K14Cre) or Stim1 and Stim2 (Stim1/2K14Cre) failed to sweat despite normal sweat gland development. SOCE was absent in agonist-stimulated sweat glands from Orai1K14Cre and Stim1/2K14Cre mice and human sweat gland cells lacking ORAI1 or STIM1 expression. In Orai1K14Cre mice, abolishment of SOCE was associated with impaired chloride secretion by primary murine sweat glands. In human sweat gland cells, SOCE mediated by ORAI1 was necessary for agonist-induced chloride secretion and activation of the Ca2+-activated chloride channel (CaCC) anoctamin 1 (ANO1, also known as TMEM16A). By contrast, expression of TMEM16A, the water channel aquaporin 5 (AQP5), and other regulators of sweat gland function was normal in the absence of SOCE. Our findings demonstrate that Ca2+ influx via store-operated CRAC channels is essential for CaCC activation, chloride secretion, and sweat production in humans and mice.
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28
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Vély F, Barlogis V, Vallentin B, Neven B, Piperoglou C, Ebbo M, Perchet T, Petit M, Yessaad N, Touzot F, Bruneau J, Mahlaoui N, Zucchini N, Farnarier C, Michel G, Moshous D, Blanche S, Dujardin A, Spits H, Distler JHW, Ramming A, Picard C, Golub R, Fischer A, Vivier E. Evidence of innate lymphoid cell redundancy in humans. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:1291-1299. [PMID: 27618553 PMCID: PMC5074366 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have potent immune functions in experimental conditions in mice, but their contribution to immunity in natural conditions in humans remains unclear. We investigated the presence of ILCs in a cohort of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). All ILC subsets were absent in SCID patients carrying mutations of IL2RG or JAK3. T cell reconstitution was observed in SCID patients upon hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but the patients still exhibited drastic reduction of ILCs in the absence of myeloablation, at the exception of rare cases of ILC1 reconstitution. Remarkably, the observed ILC deficiencies were not associated with any particular susceptibility to disease, with a follow-up extending from 7 to 39 years after HSCT. We thus report here the first cases of selective ILC deficiency in humans, and show that ILCs may be dispensable in natural conditions, if T cells are present and B cell function is preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Vély
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Vallentin
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Piperoglou
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Mikael Ebbo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Médecine Interne, Marseille, France
| | - Thibaut Perchet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Yessaad
- MI-mAbs consortium, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fabien Touzot
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Biotherapy Unit, Paris, France
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service d'anatomopathologie, Paris, France
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gérard Michel
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France
| | - Despina Moshous
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | | | - Hergen Spits
- Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Arizona Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology &Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology &Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Capucine Picard
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Golub
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,College de France, Paris, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
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29
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Demaurex N, Nunes P. The role of STIM and ORAI proteins in phagocytic immune cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C496-508. [PMID: 26764049 PMCID: PMC4824159 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00360.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytic cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, migrate to sites of infection or damage and are integral to innate immunity through two main mechanisms. The first is to directly neutralize foreign agents and damaged or infected cells by secreting toxic substances or ingesting them through phagocytosis. The second is to alert the adaptive immune system through the secretion of cytokines and the presentation of the ingested materials as antigens, inducing T cell maturation into helper, cytotoxic, or regulatory phenotypes. While calcium signaling has been implicated in numerous phagocyte functions, including differentiation, maturation, migration, secretion, and phagocytosis, the molecular components that mediate these Ca(2+) signals have been elusive. The discovery of the STIM and ORAI proteins has allowed researchers to begin clarifying the mechanisms and physiological impact of store-operated Ca(2+) entry, the major pathway for generating calcium signals in innate immune cells. Here, we review evidence from cell lines and mouse models linking STIM and ORAI proteins to the control of specific innate immune functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Demaurex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paula Nunes
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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