1
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Liu X, Tian S, Zhao T. The association between waist circumference and adult asthma attack using nationally representative samples. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1158. [PMID: 38664662 PMCID: PMC11044421 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to explore the relationship between waist circumference and asthma attack in adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analysed data from 5,530 U.S. adults diagnosed with asthma. Participants were categorized into two groups based on their experience of asthma attacks: with or without asthma attacks. We employed adjusted weighted logistic regression models, weighted restricted cubic splines, subgroup and sensitivity analyses to assess the association between waist circumference and asthma attack. RESULTS The median age of all participants was 43 years, and the median waist circumference was 98.9 cm, with a median BMI was 28.50 kg/m2. Participants in the asthma attack group had significantly higher waist circumferences than those in the non-attack group (P < 0.001). After full adjustment for body mass index-defined obesity, age, gender, race, education levels, poverty income ratio levels, smoking status, and metabolic syndrome, every 5 cm increase in waist circumference exhibited a 1.06 times higher likelihood of asthma attack probability. The weighted restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an increased risk of asthma attacks with rising waist circumference. Subgroup analyses confirmed this relationship across various groups differentiated by gender, age, and smoking status. When applying a stricter definition of asthma attack, the weighted logistic regression models showed robust association between waist circumference and asthma attack. CONCLUSION Waist circumference is an independent predictor of asthma attacks. Our findings underscore the importance of waist circumference measurement in evaluating the risk of asthma attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang Tian
- Emergency Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Health Care Geriatrics Ward, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.
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2
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Hartsoe P, Holguin F, Chu HW. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Metabolic Reprogramming in Obesity and Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2944. [PMID: 38474191 PMCID: PMC10931700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming have been extensively studied in many disorders ranging from cardiovascular to neurodegenerative disease. Obesity has previously been associated with mitochondrial fragmentation, dysregulated glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as increased reactive oxygen species production. Current treatments focus on reducing cellular stress to restore homeostasis through the use of antioxidants or alterations of mitochondrial dynamics. This review focuses on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity particularly for those suffering from asthma and examines mitochondrial transfer from mesenchymal stem cells to restore function as a potential therapy. Mitochondrial targeted therapy to restore healthy metabolism may provide a unique approach to alleviate dysregulation in individuals with this unique endotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Hartsoe
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80222, USA
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80222, USA
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3
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Barosova R, Baranovicova E, Hanusrichterova J, Mokra D. Metabolomics in Animal Models of Bronchial Asthma and Its Translational Importance for Clinics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:459. [PMID: 38203630 PMCID: PMC10779398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is an extremely heterogenous chronic respiratory disorder with several distinct endotypes and phenotypes. These subtypes differ not only in the pathophysiological changes and/or clinical features but also in their response to the treatment. Therefore, precise diagnostics represent a fundamental condition for effective therapy. In the diagnostic process, metabolomic approaches have been increasingly used, providing detailed information on the metabolic alterations associated with human asthma. Further information is brought by metabolomic analysis of samples obtained from animal models. This article summarizes the current knowledge on metabolomic changes in human and animal studies of asthma and reveals that alterations in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle found in the animal studies resemble, to a large extent, the changes found in human patients with asthma. The findings indicate that, despite the limitations of animal modeling in asthma, pre-clinical testing and metabolomic analysis of animal samples may, together with metabolomic analysis of human samples, contribute to a novel way of personalized treatment of asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Barosova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Eva Baranovicova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
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4
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Paris D, Palomba L, Albertini MC, Tramice A, Motta L, Giammattei E, Ambrosino P, Maniscalco M, Motta A. The biomarkers' landscape of post-COVID-19 patients can suggest selective clinical interventions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22496. [PMID: 38110483 PMCID: PMC10728085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In COVID-19 clinical symptoms can persist even after negativization also in individuals who have had mild or moderate disease. We here investigated the biomarkers that define the post-COVID-19 clinical state analyzing the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of 38 post COVID-19 patients and 38 sex and age-matched healthy controls via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. Predicted gene-modulated microRNAs (miRNAs) related to COVID-19 were quantified from EBC of 10 patients and 10 controls. Finally, clinical parameters from all post-COVID-19 patients were correlated with metabolomic data. Post-COVID-19 patients and controls showed different metabolic phenotype ("metabotype"). From the metabolites, by using enrichment analysis we identified miRNAs that resulted up-regulated (hsa-miR146a-5p) and down-regulated (hsa-miR-126-3p and hsa-miR-223-3p) in post-COVID-19. Taken together, our multiomics data indicate that post-COVID-19 patients before rehabilitation are characterized by persistent inflammation, dysregulation of liver, endovascular thrombotic and pulmonary processes, and physical impairment, which should be the primary clinical targets to contrast the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Letizia Palomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, "Carlo Bo" University, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Annabella Tramice
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Motta
- Neuroradiology Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Della Misericordia, 45100, Rovigo, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche (Padiglione G), via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giammattei
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, "Carlo Bo" University, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ambrosino
- Directorate of Telese Terme Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 82037, Telese Terme (Benevento), Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of the Telese Terme Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 82037, Telese Terme (Benevento), Italy.
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Respiratory Disease, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy.
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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Seyfinejad B, Nemutlu E, Taghizadieh A, Khoubnasabjafari M, Ozkan SA, Jouyban A. Biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate as fingerprints of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap: a critical review. Biomark Med 2023; 17:811-837. [PMID: 38179966 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap are the third leading cause of mortality around the world. They share some common features, which can lead to misdiagnosis. To properly manage these conditions, reliable markers for early and accurate diagnosis are needed. Over the past 20 years, many molecules have been investigated in the exhaled breath condensate to better understand inflammation pathways and mechanisms related to these disorders. Recently, more advanced techniques, such as sensitive metabolomic and proteomic profiling, have been used to obtain a more comprehensive understanding. This article reviews the use of targeted and untargeted metabolomic methodology to study asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Seyfinejad
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkiye
| | - Ali Taghizadieh
- Tuberculosis & Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Khoubnasabjafari
- Tuberculosis & Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, 06560, Turkiye
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, PO Box 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkiye
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Makrinioti H, Zhu Z, Camargo CA, Fainardi V, Hasegawa K, Bush A, Saglani S. Application of Metabolomics in Obesity-Related Childhood Asthma Subtyping: A Narrative Scoping Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:328. [PMID: 36984768 PMCID: PMC10054720 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related asthma is a heterogeneous childhood asthma phenotype with rising prevalence. Observational studies identify early-life obesity or weight gain as risk factors for childhood asthma development. The reverse association is also described, children with asthma have a higher risk of being obese. Obese children with asthma have poor symptom control and an increased number of asthma attacks compared to non-obese children with asthma. Clinical trials have also identified that a proportion of obese children with asthma do not respond as well to usual treatment (e.g., inhaled corticosteroids). The heterogeneity of obesity-related asthma phenotypes may be attributable to different underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. Although few childhood obesity-related asthma endotypes have been described, our knowledge in this field is incomplete. An evolving analytical profiling technique, metabolomics, has the potential to link individuals' genetic backgrounds and environmental exposures (e.g., diet) to disease endotypes. This will ultimately help define clinically relevant obesity-related childhood asthma subtypes that respond better to targeted treatment. However, there are challenges related to this approach. The current narrative scoping review summarizes the evidence for metabolomics contributing to asthma subtyping in obese children, highlights the challenges associated with the implementation of this approach, and identifies gaps in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Makrinioti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Valentina Fainardi
- Clinica Pediatrica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrew Bush
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Sejal Saglani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, London SW3 6NP, UK
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8
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Abstract
Metabolomics is an expanding field of systems biology that is gaining significant attention in respiratory research. As a unique approach to understanding and diagnosing diseases, metabolomics provides a snapshot of all metabolites present in biological samples such as exhaled breath condensate, bronchoalveolar lavage, plasma, serum, urine, and other specimens that may be obtained from patients with respiratory diseases. In this article, we review the rapidly expanding field of metabolomics in its application to respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, and acute lung injury, along with its more severe form, adult respiratory disease syndrome. We also discuss the potential applications of metabolomics for monitoring exposure to aerosolized occupational and environmental materials. With the latest advances in our understanding of the microbiome, we discuss microbiome-derived metabolites that arise from the gut and lung in asthma and COPD that have mechanistic implications for these diseases. Recent literature has suggested that metabolomics analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) approaches may provide clinicians with the opportunity to identify new biomarkers that may predict progression to more severe diseases which may be fatal for many patients each year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Moitra
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre (ARC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Arghya Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre (ARC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paige Lacy
- Department of Medicine, Alberta Respiratory Centre (ARC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Cao TBT, Moon JY, Yoo HJ, Ban GY, Kim SH, Park HS. Down-regulated surfactant protein B in obese asthmatics. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:1321-1329. [PMID: 35294785 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a common comorbid condition in adult asthmatics and known as a feature of asthma severity. However, the molecular mechanism under obesity-induced inflammation has not yet been fully understood. OBJECTIVE Considering the essential role of hydrophobic surfactant protein B (SP-B) in lung function, SP-B was targeted to examine its involvement in the development of obesity-induced airway inflammation in asthmatics. METHODS The aim was to examine an alteration in circulating SP-B according to obesity in adult asthmatics, 129 asthmatics were enrolled and classified into 3 groups (obese, overweight and normal-weight groups) according to body mass index (BMI). Circulating SP-B levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms of SFTPB gene were genotyped. Serum ceramide levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Significantly lower serum SP-B levels were noted in the obese group than in the overweight or normal-weight group (p = .002). The serum SP-B level was significantly correlated with serum levels of C18:0 ceramide and transforming growth factor beta 1 as well as BMI (r = -0.200; r = -0.215; r = -0.332, p < .050 for all). An inverse correlation was noted between serum SP-B and fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels in female asthmatics (r = -0.287, p = .009). Genetic predisposition of the SFTPB gene at 9306 A>G to the obese and overweight groups was noted. CONCLUSION Obesity altered ceramide metabolism leading to pulmonary surfactant dysfunction and impaired resolution of airway inflammation, finally contributing to the phenotypes of obese asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Bich Tra Cao
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Moon
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Yoo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga-Young Ban
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease, Clinical Trial Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Xu S, Karmacharya N, Cao G, Guo C, Gow A, Panettieri RA, Jude JA. Obesity elicits a unique metabolomic signature in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L297-L307. [PMID: 35787188 PMCID: PMC9514806 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00132.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can aggravate asthma by enhancing airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and attenuating response to treatment. However, the precise mechanisms linking obesity and asthma remain unknown. Human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells exhibit amplified excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and force generation in obesity. Therefore, we posit that airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells obtained from obese donors manifest a metabolomic phenotype distinct from that of nonobese donor cells and that a differential metabolic phenotype, at least in part, drives enhanced ASM cell EC coupling. HASM cells derived from age-, sex-, and race-matched nonobese [body mass index (BMI) ≤ 24.9 kg·m-2] and obese (BMI ≥ 29.9 kg·m-2) lung donors were subjected to unbiased metabolomic screening. The unbiased metabolomic screening identified differentially altered metabolites linked to glycolysis and citric acid cycle in obese donor-derived cells compared with nonobese donor cells. The Seahorse assay measured the bioenergetic profile based on glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, palmitate oxidation, and glutamine oxidation rates in HASM cells. Glycolytic rate and capacity were elevated in obese donor-derived HASM cells, whereas mitochondrial respiration, palmitate oxidation, and glutamine oxidation rates were comparable between obese and nonobese groups. PFKFB3 mRNA and protein expression levels were also elevated in obese donor-derived HASM cells. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 attenuated agonist-induced myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation in HASM cells derived from obese and nonobese donors. Our findings identify elevated glycolysis as a signature metabolic phenotype of obesity and inhibition of glycolysis attenuates MLC phosphorylation in HASM cells. These findings identify novel therapeutic targets to mitigate AHR in obesity-associated asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Nikhil Karmacharya
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Gaoyuan Cao
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Andrew Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Joseph A Jude
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
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11
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Proffitt C, Bidkhori G, Lee S, Tebani A, Mardinoglu A, Uhlen M, Moyes DL, Shoaie S. Genome-scale metabolic modelling of the human gut microbiome reveals changes of the glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism in metabolic disorders. iScience 2022; 25:104513. [PMID: 35754734 PMCID: PMC9213702 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has been associated with metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Understanding the contribution of microbiome metabolic changes is important for elucidating the role of gut bacteria in regulating metabolism. We used available metagenomics data from these metabolic disorders, together with genome-scale metabolic modeling of key bacteria in the individual and community-level to investigate the mechanistic role of the gut microbiome in metabolic diseases. Modeling predicted increased levels of glutamate consumption along with the production of ammonia, arginine, and proline in gut bacteria common across the disorders. Abundance profiles and network-dependent analysis identified the enrichment of tartrate dehydrogenase in the disorders. Moreover, independent plasma metabolite levels showed associations between metabolites including proline and tyrosine and an increased tartrate metabolism in healthy obese individuals. We, therefore, propose that an increased tartrate metabolism could be a significant mediator of the microbiome metabolic changes in metabolic disorders. Metagenomic analysis highlights key common bacterial species across metabolic diseases Metabolic models showed higher levels of acetate produced by disease enriched bacteria Reaction analysis revealed increases in the glyoxylate and dicarboxylate pathway Metabolomics and modeling analysis showed the potential role of tartrate metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceri Proffitt
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Gholamreza Bidkhori
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sunjae Lee
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Abdellah Tebani
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH–Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH–Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH–Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David L. Moyes
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH–Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author
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12
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Metabolomics of COPD Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes via Exhaled Breath Condensate. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030344. [PMID: 35159156 PMCID: PMC8834302 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by different phenotypes and clinical presentations. Therefore, a single strategy of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) does not always yield the expected clinical outcomes as some individuals respond excellently, others discreetly, or do not respond at all. Fifty consecutive COPD patients were enrolled. Of them, 35 starting a 5-week PR program were sampled at admission (T0), after 2 (T2W) and 5 (T5W) weeks, while 15 controls not yet on PR were tested at T0 and T5W. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to investigate the relationship between biomarkers and clinical parameters. The model including the three classes correctly located T2W between T0 and T5W, but 38.71% of samples partially overlapped with T0 and 32.26% with T5W, suggesting that for some patients PR is already beneficial at T2W (32.26% overlapping with T5W), while for others (38.71% overlapping with T0) more time is required. Rehabilitated patients presented several altered biomarkers. In particular, methanol from T0 to T5W decreased in parallel with dyspnea and fatigue, while the walk distance increased. Methanol could be ascribed to lung inflammation. We demonstrated that the metabolic COPD phenotype clearly evolves during PR, with a strict relationship between clinical and molecular parameters. Methanol, correlating with clinical parameters, represents a useful biomarker for monitoring personalized outcomes and establishing more targeted protocols.
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Dasgupta S, Ghosh N, Choudhury P, Joshi M, Chowdhury SR, Bhattacharyya P, Chaudhury K. NMR metabolomic and microarray-based transcriptomic data integration identifies unique molecular signatures of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Mol Omics 2021; 18:101-111. [PMID: 34881764 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00209k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated granulomatous interstitial lung disease (ILD) that results from repeated inhalation of certain antigens. Despite major advances in research, pathophysiology of the disease remains poorly understood. The present study combines metabolomic and transcriptomic data to determine alterations in HP subjects as compared with healthy controls. Metabolic signatures were identified in serum, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of HP patients using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. The expression of three metabolites, i.e., lactate, pyruvate, and proline, was found to be significantly altered in all three biofluids. The potential of differential diagnosis based on these three metabolites was investigated by including a group of patients with sarcoidosis, which is another type of granulomatous ILD. In addition, differentially expressed transcriptomic fingerprints in blood samples were identified by analyzing a Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The transcriptomics analysis of these microarray-based data revealed 59 genes to be significantly dysregulated in patients with HP. Over representation analysis of the metabolites and genes of interest was performed using IMPaLA (Integrated Molecular Pathway Level Analysis) version 12. Integrated analysis of serum metabolite signatures and blood gene expression suggests dysregulation of PI3K-AKT signaling and TCA cycle pathways in these patients. This preliminary study is a step towards better understanding of the pathogenesis of HP by identification of differentially expressed metabolites and transcriptomic fingerprints. These molecular signatures may be explored as diagnostic markers for differentiating HP from other lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Dasgupta
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Nilanjana Ghosh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Priyanka Choudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Mamata Joshi
- National Facility for High-field NMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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14
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Research Progress of Metabolomics in Asthma. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090567. [PMID: 34564383 PMCID: PMC8466166 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, but the pathogenesis of asthma is still unclear. It is well known that the airway inflammatory immune response is the pathological basis of asthma. Metabolomics is a systems biology method to analyze the difference of low molecular weight metabolites (<1.5 kDa) and explore the relationship between metabolic small molecules and pathophysiological changes of the organisms. The functional interdependence between immune response and metabolic regulation is one of the cores of the body's steady-state regulation, and its dysfunction will lead to a series of metabolic disorders. The signal transduction effect of specific metabolites may affect the occurrence of the airway inflammatory immune response, which may be closely related to the pathogenesis of asthma. Emerging metabolomic analysis may provide insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of asthma. The review aims to analyze the changes of metabolites in blood/serum/plasma, urine, lung tissue, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples, and further reveals the potential pathogenesis of asthma according to the disordered metabolic pathways.
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Ghosh N, Choudhury P, Joshi M, Bhattacharyya P, Roychowdhury S, Banerjee R, Chaudhury K. Global metabolome profiling of exhaled breath condensates in male smokers with asthma COPD overlap and prediction of the disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16664. [PMID: 34404870 PMCID: PMC8370999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap, termed as ACO, is a complex heterogeneous disease characterised by persistent airflow limitation, which manifests features of both asthma and COPD. These patients have a worse prognosis, in terms of more frequent and severe exacerbations, more frequent symptoms, worse quality of life, increased comorbidities and a faster lung function decline. In absence of clear diagnostic or therapeutic guidelines, ACO presents as a challenge to clinicians. The present study aims to investigate whether ACO patients have a distinct exhaled breath condensate (EBC) metabolic profile in comparison to asthma and COPD. A total of 132 age and BMI matched male smokers were recruited in the exploratory phase which consisted of (i) controls = 33 (ii) asthma = 34 (iii) COPD = 30 and (iv) ACO = 35. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics, 8 metabolites (fatty acid, propionate, isopropanol, lactate, acetone, valine, methanol and formate) were identified to be significantly dysregulated in ACO subjects when compared to both, asthma and COPD. The expression of these dysregulated metabolites were further validated in a fresh patient cohort consisting of (i) asthma = 32 (ii) COPD = 32 and (iii) ACO = 40, which exhibited a similar expression pattern. Multivariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves generated using these metabolites provided a robust ACO classification model. The findings were also integrated with previously identified serum metabolites and inflammatory markers to develop a robust predictive model for differentiation of ACO. Our findings suggest that NMR metabolomics of EBC holds potential as a platform to identify robust, non-invasive biomarkers for differentiating ACO from asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Ghosh
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Priyanka Choudhury
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
| | - Mamata Joshi
- grid.22401.350000 0004 0502 9283National Facility for High-Field NMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Rintu Banerjee
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- grid.429017.90000 0001 0153 2859School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 India
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16
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Metabolic Phenotypes in Asthmatic Adults: Relationship with Inflammatory and Clinical Phenotypes and Prognostic Implications. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080534. [PMID: 34436475 PMCID: PMC8400680 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease that affects individuals of all ages. It has a high prevalence and is associated with high morbidity and considerable levels of mortality. However, asthma is not a single disease, and multiple subtypes or phenotypes (clinical, inflammatory or combinations thereof) can be detected, namely in aggregated clusters. Most studies have characterised asthma phenotypes and clusters of phenotypes using mainly clinical and inflammatory parameters. These studies are important because they may have clinical and prognostic implications and may also help to tailor personalised treatment approaches. In addition, various metabolomics studies have helped to further define the metabolic features of asthma, using electronic noses or targeted and untargeted approaches. Besides discriminating between asthma and a healthy state, metabolomics can detect the metabolic signatures associated with some asthma subtypes, namely eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic phenotypes or the obese asthma phenotype, and this may prove very useful in point-of-care application. Furthermore, metabolomics also discriminates between asthma and other “phenotypes” of chronic obstructive airway diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or Asthma–COPD Overlap (ACO). However, there are still various aspects that need to be more thoroughly investigated in the context of asthma phenotypes in adequately designed, homogeneous, multicentre studies, using adequate tools and integrating metabolomics into a multiple-level approach.
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Jo JK, Seo SH, Park SE, Kim HW, Kim EJ, Kim JS, Pyo JY, Cho KM, Kwon SJ, Park DH, Son HS. Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Profiles Associated with High-Fat Diet in Mice. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080482. [PMID: 34436423 PMCID: PMC8398001 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can be caused by microbes producing metabolites; it is thus important to determine the correlation between gut microbes and metabolites. This study aimed to identify gut microbiota-metabolomic signatures that change with a high-fat diet and understand the underlying mechanisms. To investigate the profiles of the gut microbiota and metabolites that changed after a 60% fat diet for 8 weeks, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomic analyses were performed. Mice belonging to the HFD group showed a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes but an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes compared to the control group. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, such as Lactococcus, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium, Oscillibacter, Ruminiclostridium, Harryflintia, Lactobacillus, Oscillospira, and Erysipelatoclostridium, was significantly higher in the HFD group than in the control group. The increased relative abundance of Firmicutes in the HFD group was positively correlated with fecal ribose, hypoxanthine, fructose, glycolic acid, ornithine, serum inositol, tyrosine, and glycine. Metabolic pathways affected by a high fat diet on serum were involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and trypto-phan biosynthesis. This study provides insight into the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites altered by HFD and may help to understand the mechanisms underlying obesity mediated by gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Kwon Jo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-K.J.); (S.-E.P.); (H.-W.K.)
| | | | - Seong-Eun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-K.J.); (S.-E.P.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-K.J.); (S.-E.P.); (H.-W.K.)
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea; (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Jeong-Sang Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea; (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Ju-Yeon Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea;
| | - Kwang-Moon Cho
- AccuGene Inc., Incheon 22006, Korea; (K.-M.C.); (S.-J.K.)
| | - Sun-Jae Kwon
- AccuGene Inc., Incheon 22006, Korea; (K.-M.C.); (S.-J.K.)
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea; (E.-J.K.); (J.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.-H.P.); (H.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-61-330-3587 (D.-H.P.); +82-2-3290-3053 (H.-S.S.)
| | - Hong-Seok Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.-K.J.); (S.-E.P.); (H.-W.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.-H.P.); (H.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-61-330-3587 (D.-H.P.); +82-2-3290-3053 (H.-S.S.)
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18
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Metabolomics in asthma: A platform for discovery. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100990. [PMID: 34281719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodeling, is a chronic airway disease with complex etiology. Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and poor therapeutic response to conventional asthma therapy. A clear understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma is critical for the discovery of novel targets for optimal therapeutic control of asthma. Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to elucidate novel disease mechanisms in a variety of diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge in asthma metabolomics at systemic and cellular levels. The findings demonstrate that various metabolic pathways, related to energy metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis and redox signaling, are differentially modulated in asthma. Airway smooth muscle cell plays pivotal roles in asthma by contributing to airway hyperreactivity, inflammatory mediator release and remodeling. We posit that metabolomic profiling of airway structural cells, including airway smooth muscle cells, will shed light on molecular mechanisms of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness and help identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Sim S, Choi Y, Park HS. Potential Metabolic Biomarkers in Adult Asthmatics. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070430. [PMID: 34209139 PMCID: PMC8306564 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic airway inflammation, with multiple phenotypes caused by complicated interactions of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. To date, various determinants have been suggested for asthma pathogenesis by a new technology termed omics, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. In particular, the systematic analysis of all metabolites in a biological system, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids, has helped identify a novel pathway related to complex diseases. These metabolites are involved in the regulation of hypermethylation, response to hypoxia, and immune reactions in the pathogenesis of asthma. Among them, lipid metabolism has been suggested to be related to lung dysfunction in mild-to-moderate asthma. Sphingolipid metabolites are an important mediator contributing to airway inflammation in obese asthma and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Although how these molecular variants impact the disease has not been completely determined, identification of new causative factors may possibly lead to more-personalized and precise pathway-specific approaches for better diagnosis and treatment of asthma. In this review, perspectives of metabolites related to asthma and clinical implications have been highlighted according to various phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hae-Sim Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-5196; Fax: +82-31-219-5154
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Severe asthma remains a debilitating disease and a challenge for the clinicians. Novel therapies have been introduced and have greatly improved asthma control and more are under development or in clinical studies. These include anti-IL5/IL5R, anti-IL4/IL4R, anti IL13, anti- thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and more, and severe asthma is currently managed in personalized medicine approach. However, there is still an unmet need to discover new, clinically available biomarkers and targeted therapies for a large group of severe asthma patients, particularly those with T2-low asthma. In this review, we briefly present the phenotypes and endotypes of severe asthma, the omics technologies in asthma as well as current and future treatments for both T2-high and T2-low asthma. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we are going to present the effectiveness and safety of anti-IL5 therapies, the clinical trials for dupilumab and tezepelumab and the most significant molecules and biological agents used in trials as possible treatments forT2-low asthma. SUMMARY Novel anti-IL5 agents have changed the management of T2-high asthma resulting in improved disease control, QoL and lung function and importantly, fewer exacerbations. Nevertheless, there is still the need to find new treatments, particularly for T2-low asthma, which remains a challenge.
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21
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Sharma R, Zang W, Zhou M, Schafer N, Begley LA, Huang YJ, Fan X. Real Time Breath Analysis Using Portable Gas Chromatography for Adult Asthma Phenotypes. Metabolites 2021; 11:265. [PMID: 33922762 PMCID: PMC8145057 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is heterogeneous but accessible biomarkers to distinguish relevant phenotypes remain lacking, particularly in non-Type 2 (T2)-high asthma. Moreover, common clinical characteristics in both T2-high and T2-low asthma (e.g., atopy, obesity, inhaled steroid use) may confound interpretation of putative biomarkers and of underlying biology. This study aimed to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath that distinguish not only asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects, but also atopic non-asthmatic controls and also by variables that reflect clinical differences among asthmatic adults. A total of 73 participants (30 asthma, eight atopic non-asthma, and 35 non-asthma/non-atopic subjects) were recruited for this pilot study. A total of 79 breath samples were analyzed in real-time using an automated portable gas chromatography (GC) device developed in-house. GC-mass spectrometry was also used to identify the VOCs in breath. Machine learning, linear discriminant analysis, and principal component analysis were used to identify the biomarkers. Our results show that the portable GC was able to complete breath analysis in 30 min. A set of nine biomarkers distinguished asthma and non-asthma/non-atopic subjects, while sets of two and of four biomarkers, respectively, further distinguished asthmatic from atopic controls, and between atopic and non-atopic controls. Additional unique biomarkers were identified that discriminate subjects by blood eosinophil levels, obese status, inhaled corticosteroid treatment, and also acute upper respiratory illnesses within asthmatic groups. Our work demonstrates that breath VOC profiling can be a clinically accessible tool for asthma diagnosis and phenotyping. A portable GC system is a viable option for rapid assessment in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (R.S.); (W.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Wenzhe Zang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (R.S.); (W.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Menglian Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (R.S.); (W.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Nicole Schafer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.S.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Lesa A. Begley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.S.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Yvonne J. Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.S.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (R.S.); (W.Z.); (M.Z.)
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22
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Application of Metabolomics in Pediatric Asthma: Prediction, Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040251. [PMID: 33919626 PMCID: PMC8072856 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in children remains a significant public health challenge affecting 5–20% of children in Europe and is associated with increased morbidity and societal healthcare costs. The high variation in asthma incidence among countries may be attributed to differences in genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. This respiratory disorder is described as a heterogeneous syndrome of multiple clinical manifestations (phenotypes) with varying degrees of severity and airway hyper-responsiveness, which is based on patient symptoms, lung function and response to pharmacotherapy. However, an accurate diagnosis is often difficult due to diversities in clinical presentation. Therefore, identifying early diagnostic biomarkers and improving the monitoring of airway dysfunction and inflammatory through non-invasive methods are key goals in successful pediatric asthma management. Given that asthma is caused by the interaction between genes and environmental factors, an emerging approach, metabolomics—the systematic analysis of small molecules—can provide more insight into asthma pathophysiological mechanisms, enable the identification of early biomarkers and targeted personalized therapies, thus reducing disease burden and societal cost. The purpose of this review is to present evidence on the utility of metabolomics in pediatric asthma through the analysis of intermediate metabolites of biochemical pathways that involve carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, organic acids and nucleotides and discuss their potential application in clinical practice. Also, current challenges on the integration of metabolomics in pediatric asthma management and needed next steps are critically discussed.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pediatric obese asthma is a complex disease that remains poorly understood. The increasing worldwide incidence of both asthma and obesity over the last few decades, their current high prevalence and the challenges in treating obese asthmatic patients all highlight the importance of a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in obese asthma. While it is well established that patients with obesity are at an increased risk of developing asthma, the mechanisms by which obesity drives the onset of asthma, and modifies existing asthma, remain unclear. Here, we will focus on mechanisms by which obesity alters immune function in asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Lung parenchyma has an altered structure in some pediatric obese asthmatics, known as dysanapsis. Central adiposity is linked to reduced pulmonary function and a better predictor of asthma risk in children than BMI. Obesity in young children is associated with an increased risk of developing asthma, as well as early puberty, and hormonal alterations are implicated in obese asthma. Obesity and asthma each yield immunometabolic dysregulation separately and we are learning more about alterations in these pathways in pediatric obese asthma and the potential impact of bariatric surgery on those processes. SUMMARY The recent progress in clarifying the connections between childhood obesity and asthma and their combined impacts on immune function moves us closer to the goals of improved understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning obese asthma and improved therapeutic target selection. However, this common inflammatory disease remains understudied, especially in children, and much remains to be learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceire Hay
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sarah E. Henrickson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy Immunology, Philadelphia, PA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Kytikova OY, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA, Novgorodtseva TP. The pathophysiological role of adipokines in the development of bronchial asthma combined with obesity. TERAPEVT ARKH 2021; 93:327-332. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2021.03.200659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The combined course of bronchial asthma (BA) and obesity is one of the urgent medical and social problems that requires a comprehensive and careful study in connection with a decrease in the quality of life of such patients, an increase in the frequency, duration of hospitalization and a high economic burden for the state as a whole. The relationship between BA and obesity is now confirmed by numerous studies, at the same time, despite the variability of the proposed mechanisms of pathogenetic effects of obesity on asthma, metabolic aspects of the relationship of these diseases need further study. Adipose tissue hormones are responsible for the energy homeostasis of the body therefore, excessive accumulation of adipose tissue is accompanied by the development of an imbalance in metabolic processes in various organs and tissues. Due to the emergence of new scientific data on the role and function of adipokines in the body, metabolic effects of adipokines are considered in the focus of their pathophysiological association with obesity and asthma. This literary review highlights the current understanding of the role of metabolic effects of the most studied adipokines (resistin, retinol-binding protein, leptin and adiponectin) in the development of obesity and BA. Gender and age-dependent features of adipokine levels in BA and obesity are described. Data on the confirmed role of adiponectin and leptin in the progression of BA combined with obesity are presented. It has been shown that the role of resistin and retinol-binding protein in the development of BA combined with obesity has not been studied. It is demonstrated that further study of metabolic activity of adipokines in BA is an actual and perspective direction of researches which will allow to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in patients with BA with obesity.
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25
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Miethe S, Karsonova A, Karaulov A, Renz H. Obesity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 146:685-693. [PMID: 33032723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been well recognized as an important comorbidity in patients with asthma, representing a unique phenotype and endotype. This association indicates a close relationship between metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation. However, the detailed organ-organ, cellular, and molecular interactions are not completely resolved. Because of that, the relationship between obesity and asthma remains unclear. In this article, clinical and epidemiological studies, as well as data from experimental animal work, are being summarized to provide a state of the art update on this important topic. Much more work is needed, particularly mechanistic, to fully understand the interaction between obesity and asthma and to develop novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Miethe
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Antonina Karsonova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Laboratory of Immunopathology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Laboratory of Immunopathology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL).
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26
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Santos Coelho R, Paula Castro Melo A, Dos Santos Silva H, De Cassia Ribeiro Silva R, Maria Alvim Matos S, Lima Barreto M, Maria Alcântara-Neves N, Alexandrina Viana de Figueiredo C, do Santos Costa R. ADIPOQ and LEP variants on asthma and atopy: Genetic association modified by overweight. Gene 2021; 781:145540. [PMID: 33631239 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and atopy are considered condition associated with obesity, being affected by genetic and environmental factors. The LEP and ADIPOQ genes, responsible for the expression and secretion of leptin and adiponectin, respectively, and polymorphisms in such genes have been linked to both diseases, independently, and also with the obesity-associated asthma phenotype in populations with high European ancestry and high-income countries. However, in mixed populations, there are few studies evaluating the impact of these variants in genes associated with the phenotype of asthma and obesity. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate variants in LEP and ADIPOQ associated with asthma and atopy, and whether overweight modifies that effect. METHODS The study involved 203 asthmatics children and 813 control subjects (between 5 and 11 years old), with or without overweight, from the SCAALA (Asthma and Allergy Social Changes in Latin America) program. Among them, 831 had data for allergy markers, being 258 atopic and 573 non-atopic. Genotyping was performed using a commercial panel Omnium Illumina 2.5. Logistic regression was performed to identify associations expected by using PLINK 1.09 and three genetic models: additive, dominant and recessive adjusted for sex, age, helminth infection, BMI and Principal Components (PC) 1 and 2, for ancestry, in order to control the confounding factor by population structure. RESULTS For asthma, G allele of rs822396, in ADIPOQ, was positively associated in additive model (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.08-1.83) and T allele of rs1063537 in dominant model (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.01-2.30). In LEP, rs11763517 (C allele) and rs11760956 (A allele) were both negatively associated with asthma in the additive model (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.54-0.91; OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50-0.89) respectively, and the A allele of rs2167270 in dominant model (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.51-0.98). The G allele of rs12706832 showed a positive association with asthma in the recessive model (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.06-2.61). When the population was stratified by the BMI / Age Z-Score, the protection observed for asthma between the variants rs11760956, rs11763517 and rs2167270 was lost overweight individuals; The protection observed for atopy was lost in all variants (rs16861205, rs2167270 and rs17151919) in the overweight group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SNPs on the LEP and ADIPOQ genes may have an impact on atopy and asthma. Furthermore, we also show that the asthma and atopy protection attributed to variants on LEP and ADIPOQ genes is lost in individuals exposed to overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raísa Santos Coelho
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Castro Melo
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Maurício Lima Barreto
- Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimento para Saúde (CIDACS), Fiocruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ryan do Santos Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil.
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Chang-Chien J, Huang HY, Tsai HJ, Lo CJ, Lin WC, Tseng YL, Wang SL, Ho HY, Cheng ML, Yao TC. Metabolomic differences of exhaled breath condensate among children with and without asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:264-272. [PMID: 32920883 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There remains an unmet need in objective tests for diagnosing asthma in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of metabolomic profiles of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) to discriminate stable asthma in Asian children in the community. METHODS One hundred and sixty-five Asian children (92 stable asthma and 73 non-asthmatic controls) participating in a population-based cohort were enrolled and divided into training and validation sets. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic profiles of EBC samples were analyzed by using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. RESULTS EBC metabolomic signature (lactate, formate, butyrate, and isobutyrate) had an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.826 in discriminating children with and without asthma in the training set, which significantly outperformed FeNO (AUC = 0.574; P < .001) and FEV1 /FVC % predicted (AUC = 0.569; P < .001). The AUC for EBC metabolomic signature was 0.745 in the validation set, which was slightly but not significantly lower than in the testing set (P = .282). We further extrapolated two potentially involved metabolic pathways, including pyruvate (P = 1.67 × 10-3 ; impact: 0.14) and methane (P = 1.89 × 10-3 ; impact: 0.15), as the most likely divergent metabolisms between children with and without asthma. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence supporting the role of EBC metabolomic signature to discriminate stable asthma in Asian children in the community, with a discriminative property outperforming conventional clinical tests such as FeNO or spirometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Chang-Chien
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Lo
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lin
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Tseng
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ling Wang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Ho
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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NMR Profiling of Exhaled Breath Condensate Defines Different Metabolic Phenotypes of Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228600. [PMID: 33202684 PMCID: PMC7698311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) profiling of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) provides insights into the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis by identifying specific biomarkers. We evaluated whether NMR-based metabolomics discriminates the EBC-derived metabolic phenotypes (“metabotypes”) of 41 patients with non-cystic fibrosis (nCF) bronchiectasis of various etiology [24 subjects with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD); 17 patients with bronchiectasis not associated with PCD (nCF/nPCD)], who were compared to 17 healthy subjects (HS). NMR was used for EBC profiling, and Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures with partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used as a classifier. The results were validated by using the EBC from 17 PCD patients not included in the primary analysis. Different statistical models were built, which compared nCF/nPCD and HS, PCD and HS, all classes (nCF/nPCD-PCD-HS), and, finally, PCD and nCF/nPCD. In the PCD-nCF/nPCD model, four statistically significant metabolites were able to discriminate between the two groups, with only a minor reduction of the quality parameters. In particular, for nCF/nPCD, acetone/acetoin and methanol increased by 21% and 18%, respectively. In PCD patients, ethanol and lactate increased by 25% and 28%, respectively. They are all related to lung inflammation as methanol is found in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients, acetone/acetoin produce toxic ROS that damage lung tissue in CF, and lactate is observed in acute inflammation. Interestingly, a high concentration of ethanol hampers cilia beating and can be associated with the genetic defect of PCD. Model validation with 17 PCD samples not included in the primary analysis correctly predicted all samples. Our results indicate that NMR of EBC discriminates nCF/nPCD and PCD bronchiectasis patients from HS, and patients with nCF/nPCD from those with PCD. The metabolites responsible for between-group separation identified specific metabotypes, which characterize bronchiectasis of a different etiology.
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Di Costanzo A, Paris D, Melck D, Angiolillo A, Corso G, Maniscalco M, Motta A. Blood biomarkers indicate that the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease present overlapping molecular features. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15612. [PMID: 32973179 PMCID: PMC7515866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still debated whether non-specific preclinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can have diagnostic relevance. We followed the evolution from cognitively normal to AD by NMR-based metabolomics of blood sera. Multivariate statistical analysis of the NMR profiles yielded models that discriminated subjective memory decline (SMD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. We validated a panel of six statistically significant metabolites that predicted SMD, MCI and AD in a blind cohort with sensitivity values ranging from 88 to 95% and receiver operating characteristic values from 0.88 to 0.99. However, lower values of specificity, accuracy and precision were observed for the models involving SMD and MCI, which is in line with the pathological heterogeneity indicated by clinical data. This excludes a "linear" molecular evolution of the pathology, pointing to the presence of overlapping "gray-zones" due to the reciprocal interference of the intermediate stages. Yet, the clear difference observed in the metabolic pathways of each model suggests that pathway dysregulations could be investigated for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Di Costanzo
- 1Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Debora Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - Dominique Melck
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Angiolillo
- 1Centre for Research and Training in Medicine for Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Gaetano Corso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA SB, Institute of Telese Terme, 82037, Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
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Pite H, Aguiar L, Morello J, Monteiro EC, Alves AC, Bourbon M, Morais-Almeida M. Metabolic Dysfunction and Asthma: Current Perspectives. J Asthma Allergy 2020; 13:237-247. [PMID: 32801785 PMCID: PMC7394599 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s208823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing knowledge of the mechanisms involved in metabolism is shifting the paradigms by which the pathophysiology of many pulmonary diseases is understood. Metabolic dysfunction is recognized in obesity-associated asthma, but other metabolic conditions have been shown to be independently related to asthma. Novel insights have also recently been brought by metabolomics in this filed. The purpose of this review is to discuss current perspectives regarding metabolic dysfunction in asthma, from obesity-related asthma to other metabolic conditions and the role of current pharmacological therapeutic strategies and lifestyle interventions. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for asthma across the lifespan, which is generally associated with poorer response to current available treatments, rendering a more severe, refractory disease status. Besides the epidemiological and clinical link, untargeted metabolomics studies have recently supported the obesity-associated asthma phenotype at the molecular level. Not only obesity-related, but also other aspects of metabolic dysregulation can be independently linked to asthma. These include hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension, which need to be taken into account, even in the non-obese patient. Untargeted metabolomics studies have further highlighted several other metabolic pathways that can be altered in asthma, namely regarding oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, and also suggesting the importance of microbiota in asthma pathogenesis. Considering the reduced response to corticosteroids, other pharmacologic treatments have been shown to be effective regardless of body mass index. Non-pharmacologic treatments (namely weight reduction and dietary changes) may bring substantial benefit to the asthmatic patient. Taken together, this evidence points towards the need to improve our knowledge in this filed and, in particular, to address the influence of environmental factors in metabolic dysfunction and asthma development. Personalized medicine is definitely needed to optimize treatment, including a holistic view of the asthmatic patient in order to set accurate pharmacologic therapy together with dietary, physical exercise and lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Pite
- Allergy Center, CUF Infante Santo Hospital/CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.,CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laura Aguiar
- Allergy Center, CUF Infante Santo Hospital/CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Judit Morello
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emília C Monteiro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Alves
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.,Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Bourbon
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.,Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Morais-Almeida
- Allergy Center, CUF Infante Santo Hospital/CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
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Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Anamaterou C, Papakonstantinou E, Geraci F, Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Metabolic profiling of organic and fatty acids in chronic and autoimmune diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 101:169-229. [PMID: 33706889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool of omics that permits the simultaneous identification of metabolic perturbations in several autoimmune and chronic diseases. Several parameters can affect a metabolic profile, from the population characteristics to the selection of the analytical method. In the current chapter, we summarize the main analytical methods and results of the metabolic profiling of fatty and organic acids performed in human metabolomic studies for asthma, COPD, psoriasis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We discuss the most significant metabolic alterations associated with these diseases, after comparison of either a single patient's group with healthy controls or several patient's subgroups of different disease severity and phenotype with healthy controls or of a patient's group before and after treatment. Finally, we present critical metabolic patterns that are associated with each disease and their potency for the unraveling of disease pathogenesis, prediction, diagnosis, patient stratification and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Geraci
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In asthma, there is an increasing focus on personalizing treatment by targeting treatable traits. Ethnicity has effects on many biological and behavioural traits, and so is an important consideration when personalizing asthma care. This review has particular relevance in light of current patterns of international migration, which are leading to unprecedented levels of ethnic heterogeneity in many geographic regions. RECENT FINDINGS This review examines the effect of ethnicity on three key domains - biological traits, behavioural traits and health system behaviour. Ethnicity influences asthma biology by affecting biomarker reference ranges, response to drug therapy and asthma phenotypes. Ethnicity impacts behavioural traits through its effects on psychosocial well being, adherence and asthma self-management. Ethnic minorities are often disadvantaged with regards to healthcare access and healthcare interactions. SUMMARY Concerted action is needed to address current issues around behavioural traits and healthcare behaviour, which are influenced by ethnicity. More research is required to understand the impact of ethnicity on asthma biology, especially the interplay between genetic and environmental influences on asthma, and the differential response to asthma therapies.
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Maniscalco M, Cutignano A, Paris D, Melck DJ, Molino A, Fuschillo S, Motta A. Metabolomics of Exhaled Breath Condensate by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry: A Methodological Approach. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2381-2399. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181008122749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
:
Respiratory diseases present a very high prevalence in the general population, with an
increase in morbidity, mortality and health-care expenses worldwide. They are complex and heterogeneous
pathologies that may present different pathological facets in different subjects, often
with personal evolution. Therefore, there is a need to identify patients with similar characteristics,
prognosis or treatment, defining the so-called phenotype, but also to mark specific differences
within each phenotype, defining the endotypes.
:
Biomarkers are very useful to study respiratory phenotypes and endotypes. Metabolomics, one of
the recently introduced “omics”, is becoming a leading technique for biomarker discovery. For the
airways, metabolomics appears to be well suited as the respiratory tract offers a natural matrix, the
Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC), in which several biomarkers can be measured. In this review,
we will discuss the main methodological issues related to the application of Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry (MS) to EBC metabolomics for investigating
respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA IRCCS, Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Telese Terme (Benevento), Italy
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti Edificio A, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Debora Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti Edificio A, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Dominique J. Melck
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti Edificio A, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fuschillo
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA IRCCS, Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Telese Terme (Benevento), Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti Edificio A, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
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Sauvain JJ, Edmé JL, Wild P, Suarez G, Bezerra OMPA, Talvani A, Algranti E, Carneiro APS, Chérot-Kornobis N, Sobaszek A, Hulo S. Does exposure to inflammatory particles modify the pattern of anion in exhaled breath condensate? J Breath Res 2020; 14:026005. [PMID: 31783386 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab5d88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental and occupational particulate matter (PM) induces health effects on the cardio-pulmonary system. In addition, associations between exposure to PM and metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus or obesity are now emerging in the literature. Collection of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is an appealing non-invasive technique to sample pulmonary fluids. This hypothesis-generating study aims to (1) validate an ion chromatography method allowing the robust determination of different metabolism-related molecules (lactate, formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, pyruvate, nitrite, nitrate) in EBC; (2) apply this method to EBC samples collected from workers exposed to quartz (a known inflammatory particle), to soapstone (a less inflammatory particle than quartz), as well as to controls. A multi-compound standard solution was used to determine the linearity range, detection limit, repeatability and bias from spiked EBC. The biological samples were injected without further treatment into an ion chromatograph with a conductivity detector. RTube® were used for field collection of EBC from 11 controls, 55 workers exposed to soapstone and 12 volunteers exposed to quartz dust. The analytical method used proved to be adequate for quantifying eight anions in EBC samples. Its sub-micromolar detection limits and repeatability, combined with a very simple sample preparation, allowed an easy and fast quantification of different glycolysis or nitrosative stress metabolites. Using multivariate discriminant analysis to maximize differences between groups, we observed a different pattern of anions with a higher formate/acetate ratio in the EBC samples for quartz exposed workers compared to the two other groups. We hypothesize that a modification of the metabolic signature could be induced by exposure to inflammatory particles like quartz and might be observed in the EBC via a change in the formate/acetate ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Sauvain
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Development and validation of exhaled breath condensate microRNAs to identify and endotype asthma in children. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224983. [PMID: 31703106 PMCID: PMC6839869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection and quantification of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been poorly explored. Therefore we aimed to assess miRNAs in EBC as potential biomarkers to diagnose and endotype asthma in school aged children. In a cross sectional, nested case control study, all the asthmatic children (n = 71) and a random sample of controls (n = 115), aged 7 to 12 years, attending 71 classrooms from 20 local schools were selected and arbitrarily allocated to the development or validation set. Participants underwent skin-prick testing, spirometry with bronchodilation, had exhaled level of nitric oxide determined and EBC collected. Based on previous studies eleven miRNAs were chosen and analyzed in EBC by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR. Principal component analysis was applied to identify miRNAs profiles and associations were estimated using regression models. In the development set (n = 89) two clusters of miRNAs were identified. After adjustments, cluster 1 and three of its clustered miRNAs, miR-126-3p, miR-133a-3p and miR-145-5p were positively associated with asthma. Moreover miR-21-5p was negatively associated with symptomatic asthma and positively associated with positive bronchodilation without symptoms. An association was also found between miR-126-3p, cluster 2 and one of its clustered miRNA, miR-146-5p, with higher FEF25-75 reversibility. These findings were confirmed in the validation set (n = 97) where two identical clusters of miRNAs were identified. Additional significant associations were observed between miR-155-5p with symptomatic asthma, negative bronchodilation with symptoms and positive bronchodilation without symptoms. We showed that microRNAs can be measured in EBC of children and may be used as potential biomarkers of asthma, assisting asthma endotype establishment.
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D'Amato M, Paris D, Molino A, Cuomo P, Fulgione A, Sorrentino N, Palomba L, Maniscalco M, Motta A. The Immune-Modulator Pidotimod Affects the Metabolic Profile of Exhaled Breath Condensate in Bronchiectatic Patients: A Metabolomics Pilot Study. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1115. [PMID: 31632269 PMCID: PMC6785784 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pidotimod, a synthetic dipeptide molecule with biological and immunological activities, is used to reduce the number of exacerbations or pneumonitis in patients with inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether Pidotimod modifies the metabolomic pathways measured in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectatic patients (NCFB). Materials and Methods: We analyzed 40 adult patients affected by NCFB. They were randomly selected to receive Pidotimod 800 mg b/d for 21 consecutive days (3 weeks) per month for 6 months (20 patients, V1 group) or no drug (20 patients, V0 group), with a 1:1 criterion and then followed as outpatients. Results: EBC samples were collected from all patients at baseline and after 6 months. They were investigated by combined nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis to uncover metabolic differences between EBC from NCFB patients before and after therapy with Pidotimod. Pulmonary function test and pulmonary exacerbations were analyzed at baseline and at the end of Pidotimod therapy. The EBC metabolites were all identified, and through statistical evaluation, we were able to discriminate the two samples' classes, with acetate, acetoin, lactate, and citrate as statistically significant discriminatory metabolites. The model vas validated by using a blind set of 20 NCFB samples, not included in the primary analysis. No differences were observed in PFT after 6 months. At the end of the study, there was a significant decrease of exacerbation rate in V1 group as compared with V0 group, with a substantial reduction of the number of mild or severe exacerbations (p < 0.001). Discussion: Pidotimod modifies the respiratory metabolic phenotype ("metabotype") of NCFB patients and reduces the number of exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D'Amato
- Division of Pneumology, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, AORN dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Debora Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Molino
- Division of Pneumology, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, AORN dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Cuomo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Fulgione
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Nunzia Sorrentino
- Division of Pneumology, Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, AORN dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Letizia Palomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SPA, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
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38
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Ma K, Lu N, Zou F, Meng FZ. Sirtuins as novel targets in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation in bronchial asthma. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172670. [PMID: 31542484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD-dependent class III histone deacetylase, which modulate the epigenetic changes to influence the functions in normal and diseased conditions. Preclinical studies have described an increase in the levels of sirtuin 2 and decrease in the levels of sirtuin 6 in the lungs. Sirtuin 2 exerts proinflammatory actions and hence, its blockers reduce the airway inflammation and symptoms of asthma. On the other hand, sirtuin 6 is anti-inflammatory and its activators produce beneficial actions in asthma. The beneficial effects of sirtuin 6 have been attributed to decrease in acetylation of transcriptional factor GATA3 in the T cells, which is associated with decrease in the TH2 immune response. However, there seems to be dual role of sirtuin 1 in airway inflammation as its proinflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory actions have been described in asthma. The anti-inflammatory actions of sirtuin 1 have been attributed to decrease in acetylation of GATA3 and inhibition of Akt/NF-kappaB signaling. On the other hand, proinflammatory actions of sirtuin 1 have been attributed to increase in the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF along with repression of PPAR-γ activity. The present review discusses the role of different sirtuins in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Moreover, it also discusses sirtuin-triggered signaling pathways that may contribute in modulating the disease state of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Fan-Zheng Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Kuruvilla ME, Lee FEH, Lee GB. Understanding Asthma Phenotypes, Endotypes, and Mechanisms of Disease. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019; 56:219-233. [PMID: 30206782 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The model of asthma as a single entity has now been replaced by a much more complex biological network of distinct and interrelating inflammatory pathways. The term asthma is now considered an umbrella diagnosis for several diseases with distinct mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and variable clinical presentations (phenotypes). The precise definition of these endotypes is central to asthma management due to inherent therapeutic and prognostic implications. This review presents the molecular mechanisms behind the heterogeneity of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. Asthma endotypes may be broadly regarded as type 2 (T2) high or T2-low. Several biologic agents have been approved for T2-high asthma, with numerous other therapeutics that are incipient and similarly targeted at specific molecular mechanisms. Collectively, these advances have shifted existing paradigms in the approach to asthma to tailor novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merin E Kuruvilla
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, Suite 326, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - F Eun-Hyung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA.,Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
| | - Gerald B Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 615 Michael St, NE Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 2015 Uppergate Dr. NE, Suite 326, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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40
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Martinez FD, Guerra S. Early Origins of Asthma. Role of Microbial Dysbiosis and Metabolic Dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 197:573-579. [PMID: 29048927 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201706-1091pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando D Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stefano Guerra
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Ghosh N, Choudhury P, Subramani E, Saha D, Sengupta S, Joshi M, Banerjee R, Roychowdhury S, Bhattacharyya P, Chaudhury K. Metabolomic signatures of asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) are different from asthma and COPD. Metabolomics 2019; 15:87. [PMID: 31165288 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap, termed as ACO, is a complex heterogeneous disease without any clear diagnostic or therapeutic guidelines. The pathophysiology of the disease, its characteristic features, and existence as a unique disease entity remains unclear. Individuals with ACO have a faster lung function decline, more frequent exacerbations, and worse quality of life than those with COPD or asthma alone. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to determine whether ACO has a distinct metabolic profile in comparison to asthma and COPD. METHODS Two different groups of patients were recruited as discovery (D) and validation (V) cohorts. Serum samples obtained from moderate and severe asthma patients diagnosed as per GINA guidelines [n = 34(D); n = 32(V)], moderate and severe COPD cases identified by GOLD guidelines [n = 30(D); 32(V)], ACO patients diagnosed by joint GOLD and GINA guidelines [n = 35(D); 40(V)] and healthy controls [n = 33(D)] were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. RESULTS Multivariate and univariate analysis indicated that 12 metabolites [lipid, isoleucine, N-acetylglycoproteins (NAG), valine, glutamate, citric acid, glucose, L-leucine, lysine, asparagine, phenylalanine and histidine] were dysregulated in ACO patients when compared with both asthma and COPD. These metabolites were further validated in a fresh cohort of patients, which again exhibited a similar expression pattern. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ACO has an enhanced energy and metabolic burden associated with it as compared to asthma and COPD. It is anticipated that our results will stimulate researchers to further explore ACO and unravel the pathophysiological complexities associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Ghosh
- School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Priyanka Choudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Elavarasan Subramani
- School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | | | | | - Mamata Joshi
- National Facility for High-field NMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Rintu Banerjee
- Department of Agricultural & Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | | | | | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology (SMST), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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42
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Maniscalco M, Motta A. Biomarkers in allergic asthma: Which matrix should we use? Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 47:1097-1098. [PMID: 28703932 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SPA, IRCCS, Telese Terme, BN, Italy
| | - A Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
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Tao JL, Chen YZ, Dai QG, Tian M, Wang SC, Shan JJ, Ji JJ, Lin LL, Li WW, Yuan B. Urine metabolic profiles in paediatric asthma. Respirology 2019; 24:572-581. [PMID: 30763984 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Asthma is a global problem and complex disease suited for metabolomic profiling. This study explored the candidate biomarkers specific to paediatric asthma and provided insights into asthmatic pathophysiology. METHODS Children (aged 6-11 years) meeting the criteria for healthy control (n = 29), uncontrolled asthma (n = 37) or controlled asthma (n = 43) were enrolled. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed on urine samples of the patients to explore the different types of metabolite profile in paediatric asthma. Additionally, we employed a comprehensive strategy to elucidate the relationship between significant metabolites and asthma-related genes. RESULTS We identified 51 differential metabolites mainly related to dysfunctional amino acid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism. A combination of eight candidate metabolites, including uric acid, stearic acid, threitol, acetylgalactosamine, heptadecanoic acid, aspartic acid, xanthosine and hypoxanthine (adjusted P < 0.05 and fold-change >1.5 or <0.67), showed excellent discriminatory performance for the presence of asthma and the differentiation of poor-controlled or well-controlled asthma, and area under the curve values were >0.97 across groups. Enrichment analysis based on these targets revealed that the Fc receptor, intracellular steroid hormone receptor signalling pathway, DNA damage and fibroblast proliferation were involved in inflammation, immunity and stress-related biological progression of paediatric asthma. CONCLUSION Metabolomic analysis of patient urine combined with network-biology approaches allowed discrimination of asthma profiles and subtypes according to the metabolic patterns. The results provided insight into the potential mechanism of paediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lei Tao
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Chen
- Oncology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Gang Dai
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Tian
- Respiratory Department, Nanjing Children's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shou-Chuan Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Shan
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Jian Ji
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Lin
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Marko M, Pawliczak R. Obesity and asthma: risk, control and treatment. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018; 35:563-571. [PMID: 30618522 PMCID: PMC6320490 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.77607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and obesity are currently one of the most common diseases. Observing an increase in morbidity of obesity and asthma, it can be concluded that there is a link between these diseases. But the mechanism of this relation is not well known. Due to reduced movement in patients and treatment, asthma is conducive to obesity, and obesity can exacerbate the symptoms associated with asthma. Obesity can affect bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Increasing body fat in obese people leads to systemic inflammation and elevated serum levels of many proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. leptin) and anti-inflammatory ones (e.g. adiponectin) that can have a causal relationship to bronchial asthma, but human studies are ambiguous. Obese asthmatics are characterized by a phenotype: heavier asthma, worse response to treatment and control of asthma. It has been found that in obese people, weight loss reduces the severity of asthma symptoms, so in these patients, treatment should include weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Marko
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Training, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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45
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Biomonitoring of workers using nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics of exhaled breath condensate: A pilot study. Toxicol Lett 2018; 298:4-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Clinical metabolomics of exhaled breath condensate in chronic respiratory diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2018; 88:121-149. [PMID: 30612604 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are complex multifactorial disorders involving the airways and other lung structures. The development of reliable markers for an early and accurate diagnosis, including disease phenotype, and prediction of the response and/or adherence to treatment prescribed are essential points for the correct management of CRDs. Beside the traditional techniques to detect biomarkers, "omics" sciences have stimulated interest in clinical field as they could potentially improve the study of disease phenotype. Perturbations in a variety of metabolic and signaling pathways could contribute an understanding of CRDs pathogenesis. In particular, metabolomics provides powerful tools to map biological perturbations and their relationship with disease pathogenesis. The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a natural matrix of the respiratory tract, and is well suited for metabolomics studies. In this article, we review the current state of metabolomics methodology applied to EBC in the study of CRDs.
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47
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Liu Y, Zheng J, Zhang HP, Zhang X, Wang L, Wood L, Wang G. Obesity-Associated Metabolic Signatures Correlate to Clinical and Inflammatory Profiles of Asthma: A Pilot Study. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018; 10:628-647. [PMID: 30306746 PMCID: PMC6182193 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.6.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is associated with metabolic dysregulation, but the underlying metabolic signatures involving clinical and inflammatory profiles of obese asthma are largely unexplored. We aimed at identifying the metabolic signatures of obese asthma. METHODS Eligible subjects with obese (n = 11) and lean (n = 22) asthma underwent body composition and clinical assessment, sputum induction, and blood sampling. Sputum supernatant was assessed for interleukin (IL)-1β, -4, -5, -6, -13, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and serum was detected for leptin, adiponectin and C-reactive protein. Untargeted gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS)-based metabolic profiles in sputum, serum and peripheral blood monocular cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and pathway topology enrichment analysis. The differential metabolites were further validated by correlation analysis with body composition, and clinical and inflammatory profiles. RESULTS Body composition, asthma control, and the levels of IL-1β, -4, -13, leptin and adiponectin in obese asthmatics were significantly different from those in lean asthmatics. OPLS-DA analysis revealed 28 differential metabolites that distinguished obese from lean asthmatic subjects. The validation analysis identified 18 potential metabolic signatures (11 in sputum, 4 in serum and 2 in PBMCs) of obese asthmatics. Pathway topology enrichment analysis revealed that cyanoamino acid metabolism, caffeine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, pentose phosphate pathway in sputum, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway in serum are suggested to be significant pathways related to obese asthma. CONCLUSIONS GC-TOF-MS-based metabolomics indicates obese asthma is characterized by a metabolic profile different from lean asthma. The potential metabolic signatures indicated novel immune-metabolic mechanisms in obese asthma with providing more phenotypic and therapeutic implications, which needs further replication and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Ping Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisa Wood
- Center for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Papamichael MM, Katsardis C, Erbas B, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Urinary organic acids as biomarkers in the assessment of pulmonary function in children with asthma. Nutr Res 2018; 61:31-40. [PMID: 30683437 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Childhood asthma prevalence continues to rise despite advancements in prevention and medical management strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between urinary organic acids and pulmonary diagnostic tests, asthma control in Greek asthmatic children. We hypothesized that urinary organic acids are positively associated with poor pulmonary function in children with asthma. Seventy-two children, 5 to 12 years old with asthma were recruited from a pediatric asthma clinic in Athens, Greece. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide analysis. Asthma control was measured qualitatively using the Asthma Control Questionnaire. Targeted metabolomic analysis of 34 urinary organic acids in children was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A statistically significant difference between girls and boys was found for asthma control score (P = .02), lactic acid (P = .03), but not for any other organic acids (P > .05). Statistically significant correlations were found between lactic acid and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) (P = .02), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (P = .03); 4- hydroxyphenylacetic acid and FEV1 (P = .01), FVC (P = .01); 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and FEV1/FVC (P = .03), eNO (P = .05); glycolic acid with Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) (P = .03); and malic acid with asthma control (P = .02). In conclusion, metabolomics was used to determine correlations between urinary organic acids and conventional pulmonary diagnostic tests in Greek asthmatic children. Metabolomics could be a promising approach for asthma research and in detection of novel biomarkers for asthma monitoring and therapeutic targets for childhood asthma. This study contributes towards a better understanding of the biochemical pathways involved in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Michelle Papamichael
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Bircan Erbas
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology & Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia.
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Paris D, Maniscalco M, Motta A. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics in respiratory medicine. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.01107-2018. [PMID: 30115612 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01107-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA, IRCCS, Telese Terme (Benevento), Italy.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Motta
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
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50
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Tan LC, Yang WJ, Fu WP, Su P, Shu JK, Dai LM. 1H-NMR-based metabolic profiling of healthy individuals and high-resolution CT-classified phenotypes of COPD with treatment of tiotropium bromide. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:2985-2997. [PMID: 30310274 PMCID: PMC6166752 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s173264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heterogeneity of COPD results in different therapeutic effects for different patients receiving the same treatment. COPD patients need to be individually treated according to their own characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in different CT phenotypic COPD by molecular metabolites through the use of metabolomics. Methods According to the characteristics of CT imaging, 42 COPD patients were grouped into phenotype E (n=20) or phenotype M (n=24). Each COPD patient received tiotropium bromide powder for inhalation for a therapeutic period of 3 months. All subjects were assigned into phenotype E in pre-therapy (EB, n=20), phenotype E in post-therapy (EA, n=20), phenotype M in pre-therapy (MB, n=22), phenotype M in post-therapy (MA, n=22), or normal control (N, n=24). The method of metabolomics based on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) was used to compare the changes in serum metabolites between COPD patients and normal controls and between different phenotypes of COPD patients in pre- and post-therapy. Results Patients with COPD phenotype E responded better to tiotropium bromide than patients with COPD phenotype M in terms of pulmonary function and COPD assessment test scores. There were differences in metabolites in COPD patients vs normal control people. Differences were also observed between different COPD phenotypic patients receiving the treatment in comparison with those who did not receive treatment. The changes of metabolites involved lactate, phenylalanine, fructose, glycine, asparagine, citric acid, pyruvic acid, proline, acetone, ornithine, lipid, pyridoxine, maltose, betaine, lipoprotein, and so on. These identified metabolites covered the metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, genetic materials, and vitamin. Conclusion The efficacy of tiotropium bromide on COPD phenotype E is better than that of phenotype M. Metabolites detected by 1H-NMR metabolomics have potentialities of differentiation of COPD and healthy people, discrimination of different COPD phenotypes, and giving insight into the individualized treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chuan Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Baoshan People's Hospital, Baoshan 678000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ping Su
- Department of Respiratory, Baoshan People's Hospital, Baoshan 678000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Kui Shu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lu-Ming Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China,
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