1
|
Kim E, Je Y. Fish consumption and depression in Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2021. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:255-261. [PMID: 38782264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies in some populations showed that dietary intake of fish may be inversely associated with depression, but large studies in Korean population are limited. Thus, we investigated the association between fish consumption and depression, considering the serving size of fish, in Korean adults. METHODS This study was based on the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2021), which is a large nationally representative study of Korean population. Fish consumption was assessed with a 24-hour dietary recall, and physician-diagnosed depression status was assessed using questionnaires from the health interview survey. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for depression. RESULTS A total of 31,632 adults aged 19-64 years were included in the analysis. After adjusting for covariates, highest fish consumption (≥4 servings/week) was significantly associated with 26 % lower odds of depression compared to the lowest fish consumption (<1 servings/week) (OR 0.74; 95 % CI, 0.60-0.92, P for trend = 0.007). A similar inverse association was found in female adults (OR 0.76; 95 % CI, 0.59-0.97, P for trend = 0.018), but no significant association was found in male adults (OR 0.75; 95 % CI, 0.49-1.15, P for trend = 0.223). LIMITATIONS Since KNHANES is a cross-sectional study, it is difficult to evaluate the causal relationship between fish consumption and depression risk. CONCLUSIONS This study results suggest that high fish consumption is associated with lower risk of depression in Korean adults, especially in female adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunje Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youjin Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Kharrat FGZ, Gariépy G, Gagné C, Pelletier JF, Massamba VK, Lévesque P, Mohammed M, Lesage A. Predicting the Population Risk of Suicide Using Routinely Collected Health Administrative Data in Quebec, Canada: Model-Based Synthetic Estimation Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e52773. [PMID: 38941610 PMCID: PMC11245657 DOI: 10.2196/52773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a significant public health issue. Many risk prediction tools have been developed to estimate an individual's risk of suicide. Risk prediction models can go beyond individual risk assessment; one important application of risk prediction models is population health planning. Suicide is a result of the interaction among the risk and protective factors at the individual, health care system, and community levels. Thus, policy and decision makers can play an important role in suicide prevention. However, few prediction models for the population risk of suicide have been developed. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop and validate prediction models for the population risk of suicide using health administrative data, considering individual-, health system-, and community-level predictors. METHODS We used a case-control study design to develop sex-specific risk prediction models for suicide, using the health administrative data in Quebec, Canada. The training data included all suicide cases (n=8899) that occurred from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2010. The control group was a 1% random sample of living individuals in each year between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2010 (n=645,590). Logistic regression was used to develop the prediction models based on individual-, health care system-, and community-level predictors. The developed model was converted into synthetic estimation models, which concerted the individual-level predictors into community-level predictors. The synthetic estimation models were directly applied to the validation data from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2019. We assessed the performance of the synthetic estimation models with four indicators: the agreement between predicted and observed proportions of suicide, mean average error, root mean square error, and the proportion of correctly identified high-risk regions. RESULTS The sex-specific models based on individual data had good discrimination (male model: C=0.79; female model: C=0.85) and calibration (Brier score for male model 0.01; Brier score for female model 0.005). With the regression-based synthetic models applied in the validation data, the absolute differences between the synthetic risk estimates and observed suicide risk ranged from 0% to 0.001%. The root mean square errors were under 0.2. The synthetic estimation model for males correctly predicted 4 of 5 high-risk regions in 8 years, and the model for females correctly predicted 4 of 5 high-risk regions in 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Using linked health administrative databases, this study demonstrated the feasibility and the validity of developing prediction models for the population risk of suicide, incorporating individual-, health system-, and community-level variables. Synthetic estimation models built on routinely collected health administrative data can accurately predict the population risk of suicide. This effort can be enhanced by timely access to other critical information at the population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Geneviève Gariépy
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Gagné
- Institut intelligence et données, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Pascale Lévesque
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Mada Mohammed
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alain Lesage
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zizzi A, Berri IM, Berri A, Occhipinti M, Escelsior A, Guglielmo R, Pereira Da Silva B, Amore M, Serafini G. Psychological dimensions in alcohol use disorder: comparing active drinkers and abstinent patients. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1420508. [PMID: 38993382 PMCID: PMC11236675 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1420508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health concern due to its various physical, psychological, and social consequences. Despite regulatory differences, abstinence remains the primary treatment objective. Addressing the multifaceted nature of alcohol use disorder requires a comprehensive approach. Methods 150 AUD patients (66%male) with a mean age of 54.10 ± 11.3 years were recruited for the study. Depression, impulsivity, alexithymia, and hopelessness were assessed to determine if there were significant differences in these dimensions between abstinent (N=72) and active drinkers (N=78). Results The study found significant differences in the psychological dimensions scores, active drinkers exhibited higher levels of depression, impulsivity, alexithymia, and hopelessness compared to abstinent patients. Conclusion Treatment outcomes for patients with AUD vary between regulatory agencies, but abstinence remains the safest and most preferred objective in managing AUD. Prioritizing abstinence-oriented interventions is crucial for achieving long term recovery and minimizing relapse risk. These results emphasize the intricate relationship between AUD and mental health issues, highlighting the need for comprehensive interventions addressing both alcohol consumption and associated psychological distress. Promoting abstinence (or at least reducing alcohol consumption) not only preserves mental health but also prevents life-threatening consequences such as suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Zizzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Escelsior
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- San Martino Hospital (IRCCS), Genova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Guglielmo
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- San Martino Hospital (IRCCS), Genova, Italy
| | - Beatriz Pereira Da Silva
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Mother-Child, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- San Martino Hospital (IRCCS), Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehanović E, Rosso G, Cuomo GL, Diecidue R, Maina G, Costa G, Vigna-Taglianti F. Risk factors for mortality after hospitalization for suicide attempt: results of 11-year follow-up study in Piedmont Region, Italy. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1039-1051. [PMID: 37552335 PMCID: PMC11116226 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suicide attempters are at high risk of premature death, both for suicide and for non-suicidal causes. The aim of this study is to investigate risk factors and temporal span for mortality in a cohort of cases admitted to hospital for suicide attempt. METHODS The cohort included 1489 patients resident in Piedmont Region, North West of Italy, who had been admitted to hospital or emergency department for suicide attempt between 2010 and 2020. Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors for death. The final multivariate model included gender, age, area deprivation index, family composition, psychiatric disorders, malignant neoplasms, neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and intracranial injury or skull fracture. RESULTS During the observation period, 7.3% of patients died. The highest mortality was observed within the first 12 months after suicide attempt, and remained elevated for many years afterwards. Male gender, older age, high deprivation index of the census area, single-parent family, mood disorders, malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus and intracranial injuries or skull fracture were independent predictors of death. Risk factors for natural and unnatural causes of death were also identified. CONCLUSIONS The mortality risk of suicide attempters is very high, both in the months immediately following the attempt and afterwards. The identification of high-risk groups can help to plan outpatient care following the hospital discharge. Our findings urge the need to design strategies for the assistance and care of these patients at long term in order to reduce the unfavourable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emina Mehanović
- Department of Neurosciences 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Piedmont Centre for Drug Addiction Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Rosso
- Department of Neurosciences 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Cuomo
- Piedmont Centre for Drug Addiction Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Diecidue
- Piedmont Centre for Drug Addiction Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maina
- Department of Neurosciences 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Costa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Teismann T, Forkmann T, Glaesmer H, Alpers GW, Brakemeier EL, Brockmeyer T, Christiansen H, Fehm L, Glombiewski J, Heider J, Hermann A, Hoyer J, Kaiser T, Klucken T, Lincoln TM, Lutz W, Margraf J, Pedersen A, Renneberg B, Rubel J, Rudolph A, Schöttke H, Schwartz B, Stark R, Velten J, Willutzki U, Wilz G, In-Albon T. Prevalence of suicidal ideation in German psychotherapy outpatients: A large multicenter assessment. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:971-976. [PMID: 38346649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about prevalence rates of suicidal ideation in patients undergoing outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation in a large sample of psychotherapy outpatients in Germany. The data analyzed in this study is taken from the KODAP-project on the coordination of data collection and analysis at German university-based research and training outpatient clinics for psychotherapy. METHODS A total of N = 10,357 adult outpatients (64.4 % female; age: M(SD) = 35.94 (13.54), range: 18-92 years of age) starting cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 27 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was assessed with the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory II. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7 % (n = 3795) of the participants. Borderline Personality Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and recurrent Major Depression were the diagnoses most strongly associated with the presence and severity of suicidal ideation. LIMITATION Suicide ideation was assessed only with the respective item of the Beck Depression Inventory II. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation is very common among adult patients who start psychotherapy in Germany. A well-founded knowledge of risk assessment in suicidal patients and suicide-specific treatment options is therefore highly relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
| | - T Forkmann
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - H Glaesmer
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Universität Leipzig, Germany.
| | - G W Alpers
- Otto Selz Institute & Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Germany.
| | - E L Brakemeier
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Greifswald, Germany.
| | - T Brockmeyer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Germany.
| | - H Christiansen
- Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
| | - L Fehm
- Institute for Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Glombiewski
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany.
| | - J Heider
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany.
| | - A Hermann
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - J Hoyer
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - T Kaiser
- Methods and Evaluation/Quality Assurance, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
| | - T Klucken
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Siegen, Germany.
| | - T M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
| | - W Lutz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Trier, Germany.
| | - J Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - A Pedersen
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Kiel University, Germany.
| | - B Renneberg
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Rubel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, Universität Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - A Rudolph
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Leipzig, Germany.
| | - H Schöttke
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - B Schwartz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Trier, Germany.
| | - R Stark
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - J Velten
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - U Willutzki
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany.
| | - G Wilz
- Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena.
| | - T In-Albon
- Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Kaiserslautern-, Landau, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Havlik JL, Wahid S, Teopiz KM, McIntyre RS, Krystal JH, Rhee TG. Recent Advances in the Treatment of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Narrative Review of Literature Published from 2018 to 2023. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2024; 26:176-213. [PMID: 38386251 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-024-01494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review recent advances in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a disorder with very limited treatment options until recently. We examine advances in psychotherapeutic, psychopharmacologic, and interventional psychiatry approaches to treatment of TRD. We also highlight various definitions of TRD in recent scientific literature. RECENT FINDINGS Recent evidence suggests some forms of psychotherapy can be effective as adjunctive treatments for TRD, but not as monotherapies alone. Little recent evidence supports the use of adjunctive non-antidepressant pharmacotherapies such as buprenorphine and antipsychotics for the treatment of TRD; side effects and increased medication discontinuation rates may outweigh the benefits of these adjunctive pharmacotherapies. Finally, a wealth of recent evidence supports the use of interventional approaches such as electroconvulsive therapy, ketamine/esketamine, and transcranial magnetic stimulation for TRD. Recent advances in our understanding of how to treat TRD have largely expanded our knowledge of best practices in, and efficacy of, interventional psychiatric approaches. Recent research has used a variety of TRD definitions for study inclusion criteria; research on TRD should adhere to inclusion criteria based on internationally defined guidelines for more meaningfully generalizable results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John L Havlik
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Syed Wahid
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kayla M Teopiz
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Taeho Greg Rhee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Farnia V, Ahmadi Jouybari T, Salemi S, Moradinazar M, Khosravi Shadmani F, Rahami B, Alikhani M, Bahadorinia S, Mohammadi Majd T. The prevalence of alcohol consumption and its related factors in adolescents: Findings from Global School-based Student Health Survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297225. [PMID: 38558070 PMCID: PMC10984532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption has become very common among adolescents in recent years and its prevalence varies in different countries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and related factors in adolescents aged 11 to 16 years. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 288385 adolescents (girls, 53.9% of total) aged 11 to 16 years. In the present study, the GSHS data (2003-2018) available to public on the websites of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and WHO was used. To investigate the factors affecting alcohol consumption, univariate and multivariate logistics models with 95% confidence limits were used. RESULTS The overall prevalence of alcohol consumption in adolescents was 25.2%, which was 28.3% and 22.4% in boys and girls, respectively. Among the surveyed countries, the highest prevalence was in Seychelles (57.9%) and the lowest in Tajikistan (0.7). Multivariate analysis showed that the Age for 16 and more than 16 years old (OR = 3.08,95%CI: 2.54-3.74), truancy for more than 10 days (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.08-1.43), loneliness at sometimes of the times (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01-1.07), insomnia at most of the times (OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.70-2.01), daily activity (OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 1.00-1.07), bullied for 1-9 Days in a month (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09-1.40), cigarette (OR = 4.01, 95%CI: 3.86-4.17), used marijuana for more than 10 days in a month (OR = 5.58, 95%CI: 4.59-7.78), had sex (OR = 2.76, 95%CI: 2.68-2.84), and suicide plan (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.42-1.54) were important factors affecting drinking alcohol. (Table 4). In this study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 42.79%, 93.96%, 70.80%, and 82.75. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the present study, the prevalence of alcohol consumption among teenagers was high. Therefore, it is suggested that demographic, family, and psychological factors should be taken into consideration in health programs for the prevention and treatment of alcohol consumption in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Touraj Ahmadi Jouybari
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Safora Salemi
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bahareh Rahami
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alikhani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Bahadorinia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mohammadi Majd
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang H, Luo P, Jiang X. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of co-expressed genes of post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:541-551. [PMID: 38218255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most serious sequelae of trauma with serious impact worldwide. Studies have suggested an association between PTSD and major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying common mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to further explore the molecular mechanism between PTSD and MDD via comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS The microarray data of PTSD and MDD were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the co-expressed genes associated with PTSD and MDD. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), enrichment analyses based on Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed using R software. Then, R software was used for single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and immune infiltration analysis on the co-expressed genes in the two datasets., Therefore, a logistic regression model was constructed to predict PTSD and MDD using the R language. Ultimately, this study employed PTSD and MDD models to assess alterations in the expression of target genes within the mouse hippocampus. RESULTS Four core genes (GNAQ, DPEP3, ICAM2, PACSIN2) were obtained through different analyses, and these genes had predictive validity for PTSD and MDD, playing an important role in the common mechanism of PTSD and MDD. The study findings reveal decreased expression levels of DPEP3, GNAQ, and PACDIN2 in PTSD samples, accompanied by an increased expression of ICAM2. In MDD samples, the expression of DPEP3 and ICAM2 is reduced, whereas GNAQ and PACDIN2 show an increase in expression. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new perspective on the common molecular mechanisms of PTSD and MDD. These common pathways and core genes may provide promising clues for further experimental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Laboratory for Glia-Neuron Circuit Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Loverock A, Benny C, Smith BT, Siddiqi A, Pabayo R. Income inequality and deaths of despair risk in Canada, identifying possible mechanisms. Soc Sci Med 2024; 344:116623. [PMID: 38308958 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declines in life expectancy in developed countries have been attributed to increases in drug-related overdose, suicide, and liver cirrhosis, collectively referred to as deaths of despair. Income inequality is proposed to be partly responsible for increases in deaths of despair rates. This study investigated the associations between income inequality, deaths of despair risk in Canada, and potential mechanisms (stress, social cohesion, and access to health services). METHODS We obtained data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and the Canadian Vital Statistics Database from 2007 to 2017. A total of 504,825 Canadians were included in the analyses. We used multilevel survival analyses, as measured by the Gini coefficient, to examine the relationships between income inequality and mortality attributed to drug overdose, suicide, death of despair, and all-cause. We then used multilevel path analyses to investigate whether each mediator (stress, social cohesion, and access to mental health professionals), which were investigated using separate mediation models, influenced the relationship between income inequality and drug overdose, suicide, deaths of despair, and all-cause death. RESULTS Adjusted multilevel survival analyses demonstrated significant relationships between a one-SD increase in Gini coefficient was associated with an increased hazard for drug overdose (HRadj. = 1.28; 95 CI = 1.05, 1.55), suicide (HRadj. = 1.24; 95 CI = 1.06, 1.46), deaths of despair (HRadj. = 1.26; 95 CI = 1.12, 1.40), and all-cause death (HRadj. = 1.04; 95 CI = 1.02, 1.07). Adjusted path analyses indicated that stress, social cohesion, and access to mental health professionals significantly mediated the association between income inequality and mortality outcomes. CONCLUSION Income inequality is associated with deaths of despair and this relationship is mediated by stress, social cohesion, and access to mental health professionals. Findings should be applied to develop programs to address income inequality in Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Loverock
- 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta School of Public Health, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2R7.
| | - Claire Benny
- 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta School of Public Health, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada; 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V2, Canada
| | - Brendan T Smith
- 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V2, Canada; 155 College St, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Arjumand Siddiqi
- 155 College St, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada; Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roman Pabayo
- 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta School of Public Health, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jollant F, Demattei C, Fabbro P, Abbar M. Clinical predictive factors and trajectories of suicidal remission over 6 weeks following intravenous ketamine for suicidal ideation. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:1-7. [PMID: 37981038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine is efficient for short-term reduction of suicidal ideas. Predictive factors and outcome trajectories are poorly characterized. METHODS Secondary analyses were conducted on the KETIS study (Abbar et al. BMJ 2022): 156 suicidal patients were randomized to two intravenous infusions of racemic ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo. Response or remission was assessed over six weeks based on the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI). We calculated i) predictive values of 12 baseline variables on remission ii) outcome courses, and iii) positive (PPV) and negative predictive values. RESULTS In multivariate analyses, bipolar disorder, lower patient-rated suicidal ideas, and higher physical pain were predictive of suicidal remission at day 3. No clinical factor predicted remission at week 6. Twenty and 24 different clinical courses were identified in early (day 3) and later (week 6) follow-up, respectively, including around 40 % sustained remission, 50 % fluctuating course and 10 % no response. Suicidal remissions at day 1 and day 3 were highly predictive of remissions at day 3 and week 6 (PPV = 96.8 and 92.6 %). LIMITATIONS SSI may not be adapted for rapid variations and repeated measures. CONCLUSIONS Clinical factors were poorly predictive of remission. Fluctuations in suicidal ideas were frequent, even after ketamine (although less than placebo), necessitating vigilance and multimodal care. Remission at day 1 after one infusion was highly predictive of future remission. The benefits of a second infusion will have to be tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Jollant
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Department of Psychiatry, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Moods Research Team, Inserm 1018, CESP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Psychiatry, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Christophe Demattei
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology (BESPIM) CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Pascale Fabbro
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology (BESPIM) CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Mocrane Abbar
- Department of Psychiatry, CHU Nîmes, Univ Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cooley CC, Zhang ZM, Denney JT. Sexual Orientation and Age-Related Patterns of Suicidal Ideation Among U.S. Adults. LGBT Health 2024; 11:38-46. [PMID: 37486708 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to explore whether and how suicidal ideation differs according to specific sexual orientations (i.e., heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual orientation) and age groups in gender-stratified analyses. Methods: We identified state health departments from nine U.S. states that collected Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data on both sexual orientation and suicidal ideation from 2011 to 2018 for adults aged 18 and older (n = 113,337). Logistic regression and average marginal effects (AME) were used to examine the likelihood of suicidal ideation by sexual orientation, gender, and age. Results: We found that after important sociodemographic and socioeconomic controls, sexual minority adult men and women experienced significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation than their same-gender heterosexual counterparts. After all adjustments, lesbian women had more than three times higher odds and bisexual women had almost four times higher odds than heterosexual women. Compared with heterosexual men, gay men reported twice higher odds and bisexual men exhibited 3.67 times higher odds of suicidal ideation. Analysis of the AME revealed age-specific disparities. The likelihood of suicidal ideation for bisexual men aged 18-24 years was significantly higher than that for gay and heterosexual men of the same age. Among women, bisexual women closer to middle age (35-44 years) experienced a higher likelihood of suicidal ideation than heterosexual or lesbian women of the same age. Conclusion: The elevated risk of suicidal ideation among sexual minority people throughout different stages of adulthood has important implications for policies and support services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb C Cooley
- Department of Sociology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | | | - Justin T Denney
- Department of Sociology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Arafat SMY, Baminiwatta A, Menon V, Sharma P, Htay MNN, Akter H, Marthoenis M, Dorji C. Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior Among Students in South-East Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:50-70. [PMID: 36794580 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2176272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estimation of rates of suicidal behaviors (ideation, plan, and attempt) would help to understand the burden and prioritize prevention strategies. However, no attempt to assess suicidal behavior among students was identified in South-East Asia (SEA). We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicidal behavior (ideation, plan, and attempt) among students in SEA. METHODS We followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered the protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022353438). We searched in Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO and performed meta-analyses to pool the lifetime, 1-year, and point prevalence rates for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. We considered the duration of a month for point prevalence. RESULTS The search identified 40 separate populations from which 46 were included in the analyses, as some studies included samples from multiple countries. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 17.4% (confidence interval [95% CI], 12.4%-23.9%) for lifetime, 9.33% (95% CI, 7.2%-12%) for the past year, and 4.8% (95% CI, 3.6%-6.4%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide plans was 9% (95% CI, 6.2%-12.9%) for lifetime, 7.3% (95% CI, 5.1%-10.3%) for the past year, and 2.3% (95% CI, 0.8%-6.7%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts was 5.2% (95% CI, 3.5%-7.8%) for lifetime and 4.5% (95% CI, 3.4%-5.8%) for the past year. Higher rates of suicide attempts in the lifetime were noted in Nepal (10%) and Bangladesh (9%), while lower rates were reported in India (4%) and Indonesia (5%). CONCLUSIONS Suicidal behaviors are a common phenomenon among students in the SEA region. These findings call for integrated, multisectoral efforts to prevent suicidal behaviors in this group.
Collapse
|
13
|
Navarro-Mateu F, Salmerón D, Vilagut G, Husky M, Ballesta M, Chirlaque MD, Huerta JM, Martínez S, Navarro C, Alonso J, Nock M, Kessler RC. Childhood adversities and suicidal behavior in the general population. The cross-sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 17:11-18. [PMID: 33099026 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study is to estimate the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts in a regional representative sample and the association of these outcomes with sociodemographic factors, prior mental disorders, and childhood adversities. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PEGASUS-Murcia project is a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of adults in Murcia that is part of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Initiative. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) was administered face-to-face to 2621 participants (67.4% response rate). The main outcomes were suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. Lifetime prevalence, age of onset, and risk factors (sociodemographic variables, mental disorders, and childhood adversities) were examined using multiple discrete-time survival models. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans and attempts were 8.0% (standard error, SE: 1.1), 2.1% (SE: 0.3), and 1.2% (SE: 1.1), respectively. Prevalence of any childhood adversities was 22.1% (SE: 1.3) in the total sample and, even higher, among those with suicide related outcomes (ranging between 36.8% and 53.7%). Female sex, younger age, prior (to onset of the outcome) lifetime prevalence of mood disorders, number of mental disorders, and exposure to childhood adversity were associated with significantly increased odds of suicidal ideation and plans. CONCLUSIONS Lifetime prevalence estimates of suicidality are similar to those in community epidemiological surveys. Childhood adversities and mental disorders, especially mood disorders, are important risk factors for suicidality. Early detection of these adversities and disorders should be targeted in suicide prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Navarro-Mateu
- Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM), Servicio Murciano de Salud, Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Diego Salmerón
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathilde Husky
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bordeaux, Burdeos, France
| | - Mónica Ballesta
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Navarro
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de Salud y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthew Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang S, Huang P, Li B, Gan T, Lin W, Liu Y. The relationship of negative life events, trait-anxiety and depression among Chinese university students: A moderated effect of self-esteem. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:384-391. [PMID: 37442452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative life events are major triggers for depression. How individual physical qualities and psychological resources affect the relationship between negative life events and depression in college students remains to be studied. Therefore, we constructed a structural equation model to explore the mediating effect of trait anxiety and the moderating effect of self-esteem in the relationship between negative life events and depression among college students. METHODS A total of 6224 Chinese college students (aged 16-25) in Jiangxi Province in the central area of China completed the online survey. A moderated mediation model was tested to verify the hypothesis. RESULTS The mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of negative life events on depression through trait-anxiety. Mediation was moderated by self-esteem, which significantly interacted with negative life events to reduce their effect on both anxiety and depression. LIMITATIONS All measures were self-reported. The cross-sectional design only provides evidence of correlation. CONCLUSIONS The results in this study revealed that self-esteem as a component of psychological defense mechanism to reduce the harm of environmental threats to individuals. Low self-esteem college students are more likely to have adverse effects when experiencing low-level life events. University mental health education reduces the effects of negative life events on trait anxiety and depression of college students by raising their self-esteem levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Yang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Pengfei Huang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Biqin Li
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Ting Gan
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Psychological Counseling Center, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Büscher R, Sander LB, Nuding M, Baumeister H, Teismann T. Blending Video Therapy and Digital Self-Help for Individuals With Suicidal Ideation: Intervention Design and a Qualitative Study Within the Development Process. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e49043. [PMID: 37733414 PMCID: PMC10557000 DOI: 10.2196/49043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital formats have the potential to enhance accessibility to care for individuals with suicidal ideation. However, digital self-help interventions have faced limitations, including small effect sizes in reducing suicidal ideation, low adherence, and safety concerns. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we aimed to develop a remote blended cognitive behavioral therapy intervention that specifically targets suicidal ideation by blending video therapy with web-based self-help modules. The objective of this paper is to describe the collaborative development process and the resulting intervention and treatment rationale. METHODS First, we compiled intervention components from established treatment manuals designed for people with suicidal ideation or behavior, resulting in the development of 11 drafts of web-based modules. Second, we conducted a qualitative study, involving 5 licensed psychotherapists and 3 lay counselors specialized in individuals with suicidal ideation who reviewed these module drafts. Data were collected using the think-aloud method and semistructured interviews, and a qualitative content analysis was performed. The 4 a priori main categories of interest were blended care for individuals with suicidal ideation, contents of web-based modules, usability of modules, and layout. Subcategories emerged inductively from the interview transcripts. Finally, informed by previous treatment manuals and qualitative findings, we developed the remote blended treatment program. RESULTS The participants suggested that therapists should thoroughly prepare the web-based therapy with patients to tailor the therapy to each individual's needs. Participants emphasized that the web-based modules should explain concepts in a simple manner, convey empathy and validation, and include reminders for the safety plan. In addition, participants highlighted the need for a simple navigation and layout. Taking these recommendations into account, we developed a fully remote blended cognitive behavioral therapy intervention comprising 12 video therapy sessions and up to 31 web-based modules. The treatment involves collaboratively developing a personalized treatment plan to address individual suicidal drivers. CONCLUSIONS This remote treatment takes advantage of the high accessibility of digital formats while incorporating full sessions with a therapist. In a subsequent pilot trial, we will seek input from individuals with lived experience and therapists to test the feasibility of the treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Büscher
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mattis Nuding
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mehrabi A, Naghavi A, Afsharzada ME, Friedrich S, Forkmann T, Glaesmer H, Teismann T. Validation of the Farsi version of the Suicide Ideation and Behavior Scale. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1201193. [PMID: 37736059 PMCID: PMC10509848 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1201193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Suicide ideation and suicide attempts are prevalent in Farsi speaking populations. The present study aimed at validating the Farsi version of the Suicide Ideation and Behavior Scale (SIBS). Methods Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the SIBS were established in a highly burdened Afghan student sample (N = 279). Internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity were investigated, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Results The Farsi version of the SIBS was shown to have a unidimensional structure with excellent internal consistency, as well as good convergent and divergent validity. Discussion The results suggest that the SIBS is a brief, reliable, and valid measure of current suicidal ideation and behavior that can be used in Farsi speaking populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mehrabi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azam Naghavi
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Sören Friedrich
- Department of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Department of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pavarin RM, Fabbri C, Turino E, Marani S, Sanchini S, De Ronchi D. Epidemiology and Clinical-Demographic Characteristics of Suicide Attempts in Alcohol Use Disorders in an Italian Population. J Psychoactive Drugs 2023; 55:456-463. [PMID: 35912679 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2022.2107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide. Among the known risk factors, alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are particularly relevant, but data on the epidemiology and characteristics of suicide attempts (SA) in this group are lacking. We used electronic health records of national health services to identify individuals who received a diagnosis of AUD in the Metropolitan area of Bologna from 2009 to 2019. In this cohort we identified accesses to Emergency Departments for SA from 2009 to 2020. The Crude Suicide Rate (CSR) for 1,000 Person Years was 2.93, higher than the general population. The CSR was higher in females, within one year from receiving the diagnosis of AUD, in patients with psychiatric comorbidities, concomitant abuse of cannabis or benzodiazepines. As for Covid-19 pandemic, the risk ratio of SA was significantly higher in 2020 compared to 2019 in females. Our results are relevant to identify clinical risk factors for SA in patients with AUDs, which are strongly associated with suicide risk but with scarce data in the previous literature and paucity of evidence-based therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raimondo Maria Pavarin
- Epidemiological Monitoring Center on Addiction, Azienda USL Bologna, Mental Health DSM-DP, Bologna, Italy
- Italian Society on Addiction (SITD), Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Elsa Turino
- Epidemiological Monitoring Center on Addiction, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Marani
- Epidemiological Monitoring Center on Addiction, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Bologna, Italy
| | - Samantha Sanchini
- Epidemiological Monitoring Center on Addiction, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, Local Health Unit of Romagna, Italy
| | - Diana De Ronchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
O'Sullivan D, Gordon BR, Lyons M, Meyer JD, Herring MP. Effects of resistance exercise training on depressive symptoms among young adults: A randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115322. [PMID: 37429171 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supports the antidepressant effects of resistance exercise training (RET); however, findings among young adults at-risk for elevated depressive symptoms are limited. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of eight weeks of ecologically-valid, guidelines-based RET, compared to a wait-list control, on depressive symptoms among 55 young adults (26±5y; 36 female) with and without subclinical, or analogue, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (AGAD; Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire GAD subscale ≥6 and Penn State Worry Questionnaire ≥45) and Major Depressive Disorder (AMDD). Following a three-week familiarization period, participants completed one-on-one, twice-weekly RET sessions. The 16-item, self-reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) assessed depressive symptoms. RM-ANCOVAs examined between-group differences, and significant interactions were decomposed with simple effects analysis. Hedges' d effect sizes (95%CI) quantified the magnitude of differences in change between groups across time. Stratified analyses were conducted among subsamples with AMDD and AGAD. There were no baseline depressive symptom differences between groups. Attendance was 83%, and compliance was 80%. RET induced statistically significant, clinically-meaningful, large-magnitude reductions in depressive symptoms from baseline to week eight in the total (d = 1.01; [95%CI: 0.44-1.57]), AMDD (d = 1.71; [95%CI: 0.96-2.46]), and AGAD (d = 1.39; [95%CI: 0.55-2.24]) samples. These findings support guidelines-based RET as a promising treatment for mild depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darragh O'Sullivan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Brett R Gordon
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Mark Lyons
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Sport and Human Performance Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jacob D Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Iowa, United States
| | - Matthew P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peng R, Zhang X, Li R, Zhang G, Yue Y, Wu S, Wu Y, Yang R, Zhou Y, Du X, Zhang X. Prevalence and clinical correlates of psychotic symptoms in first-episode untreated female chinese patients with major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:549. [PMID: 37507684 PMCID: PMC10385887 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported that psychotic symptoms are common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, few studies have reported the relationship between thyroid function, lipid metabolism and clinical profiles in female MDD patients. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychotic depression (PD) and its risk factors in first-episode and drug naive (FEDN) depression among the female population in China. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving a representative probability sample of 1,130 FEDN female outpatients with MDD (aged 18 years or older) in China. We collected information relating to socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data and blood samples. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17-item version (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale 14-item version (HAMA-14), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to evaluate depressive, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of psychotic symptoms in female MDD patients was 10.97%. The findings revealed significant differences between MDD female patients with psychotic symptoms and non-PD female patients in the following areas: higher HAMD scores, higher HAMA scores, more severe anxiety and an increased risk of suicide attempts. Further logistic regression analysis showed that psychotic symptoms were associated with higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and an odds ratio of 1.168. CONCLUSIONS Our findings supported the hypothesis that higher TSH levels were correlated with psychotic symptoms in female MDD patients. Therefore, serum TSH levels may be a potential biomarker of PD in female MDD patients. In addition, we found that PD was closely associated with suicide attempts and lipid levels, but did not reach statistical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Peng
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
- School Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Ruchang Yang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Institution of Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215131, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoying District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maruani J, Molière F, Godin O, Yrondi A, Bennabi D, Richieri R, El-Hage W, Allauze E, Anguill L, Bouvard A, Camus V, Dorey JM, Etain B, Fond G, Genty JB, Haffen E, Holtzmann J, Horn M, Kazour F, Nguon AS, Petrucci J, Rey R, Stephan F, Vaiva G, Walter M, Lejoyeux M, Leboyer M, Llorca PM, Courtet P, Aouizerate B, Geoffroy PA. Diurnal symptoms of sleepiness and dysfunction predict future suicidal ideation in a French cohort of outpatients (FACE-DR) with treatment resistant depression: A 1-year prospective study about sleep markers. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:369-378. [PMID: 36842655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are at risk of suicide. Sleep and circadian rhythm alterations are widely recognized as core symptoms of major depressive disorder and are associated with suicidal ideation. Thus, sleep and circadian rhythm alterations may be targeted to prevent suicide. METHODS Patients were recruited from a prospective cohort of the French network of TRD expert centers. Mood, sleep and circadian rhythms were assessed at baseline; suicidal risk was assessed both at baseline and during a one-year follow-up with standardized subjective questionnaires. RESULTS Excessive daytime sleepiness (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 1.7(1-3.3), p = 0.04) and daytime dysfunction (aOR = 1.81(1.16-2.81), p = 0.0085) increased the risk of suicidal thoughts over the one-year follow-up period in patients with TRD after adjustment on age, gender, depression, trauma, anxiety, impulsivity, current daily tobacco smoking and body mass index. Hypnotics intake is associated with a reduced risk of suicidal ideation at one-year follow-up after the same adjustments (OR = 0.73(0.56-0.95), p = 0.019). Other associations between sleep quality or circadian rhythms and suicidal ideations at either baseline or one year did not remain significant in multivariate analyses after the same adjustments. LIMITATIONS Sleep assessments were based on self-reported questionnaires rather than objective measures. CONCLUSIONS Daytime sleepiness and dysfunction are predictors of suicidal ideations, whereas hypnotics intake is associated with a reduced risk of suicidal ideations. Diurnal symptoms of sleep disturbances are therefore red flags to target for preventing suicide in depressed patients, and hypnotics seem efficient in preventing suicide for patients with TRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maruani
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018 Paris, France; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, FHU I2-D2, F-75019 Paris, France.
| | - Fanny Molière
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Ophelia Godin
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte (Department of Psychiatry and Adult Medical Psychology), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression, CHU de Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Hôpital Purpan, ToNIC Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre, Université de Toulouse (Toulouse University), INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive UR-LINC 481, Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Raphaelle Richieri
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Wissan El-Hage
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; CHRU de Tours, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Etienne Allauze
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CMP-B CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Loic Anguill
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale de l'adulte (Department of Psychiatry and Adult Medical Psychology), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advanced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression, CHU de Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Hôpital Purpan, ToNIC Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre, Université de Toulouse (Toulouse University), INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Bouvard
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale et Universitaire (Department of General and University Academic Psychiatry Cluster), Centre de référence régional des pathologies anxieuses et de la dépression (Regional reference center for the management and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advan-ced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression), CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, Laboratoire Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (Integrated Nutrition and Neurobiology Laboratory) (UMR INRAE 1286), Université de Bordeaux (Bordeaux University), France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; CHRU de Tours, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dorey
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; University Lyon 1; Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre; Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response ΨR2 Team; Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier (Hospital Centre); F-69678, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Université Paris Cité et AP-HP.Nord, GHU Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique et Fondation Fondamental, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, School of medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Clinical Research Unit, Direction de la Recherche en Santé, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Genty
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU IMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision (FHU ADAPT); Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie translationnelle, Fondation FondaMental, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive UR-LINC 481, Neurosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jérôme Holtzmann
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (Institute of Neurosciences), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Horn
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie adulte (Department of Adult Psychiatry), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France
| | - François Kazour
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; CHRU de Tours, UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Nguon
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (Institute of Neurosciences), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Petrucci
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU IMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision (FHU ADAPT); Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie translationnelle, Fondation FondaMental, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Romain Rey
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; University Lyon 1; Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre; Psychiatric Disorders: from Resistance to Response ΨR2 Team; Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier (Hospital Centre); F-69678, France
| | - Florian Stephan
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02 (University Hospital Department of General Psychiatry and Psychosocial Rehabilitation), Centre Expert Depression Résistante FondaMental, EA 7479, URCI, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service de Psychiatrie adulte (Department of Adult Psychiatry), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Fontan 1, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et Résilience pour les psychotraumatismes (Cn2r Lille Paris), Lille, France
| | - Michel Walter
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02 (University Hospital Department of General Psychiatry and Psychosocial Rehabilitation), Centre Expert Depression Résistante FondaMental, EA 7479, URCI, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | | | - Michel Lejoyeux
- Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018 Paris, France; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, FHU I2-D2, F-75019 Paris, France; GHU Paris, Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU IMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision (FHU ADAPT); Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Laboratoire Neuro-Psychiatrie translationnelle, Fondation FondaMental, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CMP-B CHU, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie Générale et Universitaire (Department of General and University Academic Psychiatry Cluster), Centre de référence régional des pathologies anxieuses et de la dépression (Regional reference center for the management and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders), Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental (FondaMental Advan-ced Centre of Expertise in Resistant Depression), CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, Laboratoire Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (Integrated Nutrition and Neurobiology Laboratory) (UMR INRAE 1286), Université de Bordeaux (Bordeaux University), France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France; Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018 Paris, France; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, FHU I2-D2, F-75019 Paris, France; CNRS UPR 3212, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France; GHU Paris, Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nguyen TML, Jollant F, Tritschler L, Colle R, Corruble E, Gardier AM. Pharmacological Mechanism of Ketamine in Suicidal Behavior Based on Animal Models of Aggressiveness and Impulsivity: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040634. [PMID: 37111391 PMCID: PMC10146327 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 700,000 people die from suicide each year in the world. Approximately 90% of suicides have a history of mental illness, and more than two-thirds occur during a major depressive episode. Specific therapeutic options to manage the suicidal crisis are limited and measures to prevent acting out also remain limited. Drugs shown to reduce the risk of suicide (antidepressants, lithium, or clozapine) necessitate a long delay of onset. To date, no treatment is indicated for the treatment of suicidality. Ketamine, a glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, is a fast-acting antidepressant with significant effects on suicidal ideation in the short term, while its effects on suicidal acts still need to be demonstrated. In the present article, we reviewed the literature on preclinical studies in order to identify the potential anti-suicidal pharmacological targets of ketamine. Impulsive-aggressive traits are one of the vulnerability factors common to suicide in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. Preclinical studies in rodent models with impulsivity, aggressiveness, and anhedonia may help to analyze, at least in part, suicide neurobiology, as well as the beneficial effects of ketamine/esketamine on reducing suicidal ideations and preventing suicidal acts. The present review focuses on disruptions in the serotonergic system (5-HTB receptor, MAO-A enzyme), neuroinflammation, and/or the HPA axis in rodent models with an impulsive/aggressive phenotype, because these traits are critical risk factors for suicide in humans. Ketamine can modulate these endophenotypes of suicide in human as well as in animal models. The main pharmacological properties of ketamine are then summarized. Finally, numerous questions arose regarding the mechanisms by which ketamine may prevent an impulsive-aggressive phenotype in rodents and suicidal ideations in humans. Animal models of anxiety/depression are important tools to better understand the pathophysiology of depressed patients, and in helping develop novel and fast antidepressant drugs with anti-suicidal properties and clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Loan Nguyen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-91400 Orsay, France
| | - Fabrice Jollant
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-94270 Le Kremin-Bicêtre, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, CHU Nîmes, 30900 Nîmes, France
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Laurent Tritschler
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-91400 Orsay, France
| | - Romain Colle
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-94270 Le Kremin-Bicêtre, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-94270 Le Kremin-Bicêtre, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Alain M Gardier
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm CESP/UMR 1018, MOODS Team, F-91400 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zuo C, Zhuang Z, Yang P, Zhang H, Li X, Huang T, Ahluwalia TS. Dissecting the causal association between inflammation and post-traumatic stress disorder: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:436-445. [PMID: 37086801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence showed a bidirectional association between post-traumatic stress disorder and inflammation. However, whether the association is causal remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between inflammatory cytokines and post-traumatic stress disorder using two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphism from genome-wide association studies of inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, and post-traumatic stress disorder (23,212 patients and 151,447 controls) was selected as instrumental variables. The causal associations were estimated by inverse variance weighting with sensitivity analyses using weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods. RESULTS We observed suggestive associations of genetically predicted interleukin-17 (IL-17) and RANTES with post-traumatic stress disorder. One standard deviation (SD) increase in genetically predicted level of IL-17 lowered the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.902 (95 % CI = 0.828, 0.984, P = 0.02). One SD higher genetically predicted RANTES (CCL5) concentration increased post-traumatic stress disorder risk (OR = 1.067, 95 % CI = 1.005, 1.133, P = 0.032). However, we found no evidence of causal associations of post-traumatic stress disorder with the selected inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers. We observed no evidence supporting the presence of pleiotropy. The results of sensitivity analyses demonstrated the same directions and similar effect sizes as the primary findings. LIMITATIONS Potential pleiotropy, possible weak instruments, and low statistical power limited our findings. CONCLUSION Inflammation was suggestively causally associated with the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, and inflammatory cytokines had no downstream effect on post-traumatic stress disorder. Further studies are needed to explain the mechanisms of systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlong Zuo
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 100191 Beijing, China.
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 100191 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, 100191 Beijing, China; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Academy for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, 100191 Beijing, China.
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte DK2820, Denmark; Department of Biology, The Bioinformatics Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK2200, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
ÓhAiseadha C, Quinn GA, Connolly R, Wilson A, Connolly M, Soon W, Hynds P. Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5223. [PMID: 37047846 PMCID: PMC10094123 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around the world have adopted an array of measures intended to control the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health interventions that do not rely on vaccines or medicines and include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, and travel restrictions. Although the intention was to slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates that these NPIs have also had unintended consequences for other aspects of public health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review of studies investigating these unintended consequences of NPIs, with a particular emphasis on mental health and on lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCD): physical activity (PA), overweight and obesity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking. We reviewed the scientific literature using combinations of search terms such as 'COVID-19', 'pandemic', 'lockdowns', 'mental health', 'physical activity', and 'obesity'. NPIs were found to have considerable adverse consequences for mental health, physical activity, and overweight and obesity. The impacts on alcohol and tobacco consumption varied greatly within and between studies. The variability in consequences for different groups implies increased health inequalities by age, sex/gender, socioeconomic status, pre-existing lifestyle, and place of residence. In conclusion, a proper assessment of the use of NPIs in attempts to control the spread of the pandemic should be weighed against the potential adverse impacts on other aspects of public health. Our findings should also be of relevance for future pandemic preparedness and pandemic response teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coilín ÓhAiseadha
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive, D08 W2A8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerry A. Quinn
- Centre for Molecular Biosciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Ronan Connolly
- Independent Scientist, D08 Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Environmental Research and Earth Sciences (CERES), Salem, MA 01970, USA
| | - Awwad Wilson
- National Drug Treatment Centre, Health Service Executive, D02 NY26 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Connolly
- Independent Scientist, D08 Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Environmental Research and Earth Sciences (CERES), Salem, MA 01970, USA
| | - Willie Soon
- Center for Environmental Research and Earth Sciences (CERES), Salem, MA 01970, USA
- Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science (ELKH EPSS), H-9400 Sopron, Hungary
| | - Paul Hynds
- SpatioTemporal Environmental Epidemiology Research (STEER) Group, Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute, Technological University, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geoscience, University College Dublin, D02 FX65 Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Narindrarangkura P, Alafaireet PE, Khan U, Kim MS. Predicting suicide attempts among people with diabetes using a large multicenter electronic health records dataset. Int J Psychiatry Med 2023:912174231162477. [PMID: 36872916 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231162477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People with diabetes have a higher risk of suicidal behaviors than the general population. However, few studies have focused on understanding this relationship. We investigated risk factors and predicted suicide attempts in people with diabetes using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. METHOD Data was retrieved from Cerner Real-World Data™ and included over 3 million diabetes patients in the study. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to identify associated factors. Gender-, diabetes-type-, and depression-specific LASSO regression models were analyzed. RESULTS There were 7764 subjects diagnosed with suicide attempts with an average age of 45. We found risk factors for suicide attempts in diabetes patients, such as being an American Indian or Alaska Native (β = 0.637), atypical agents (β = 0.704), benzodiazepines (β = 0.784), and antihistamines (β = 0.528). Amyotrophy had a negative coefficient for suicide attempts in males with diabetes (β = -2.025); in contrast, it had a positive coefficient in females with diabetes (β = 3.339). Using MAOI had a negative coefficient for suicide attempts in T1DM patients (β = -7.304). Aged less than 20 had a positive coefficient for suicide attempts in depressed (β = 2.093) and non-depressed patients with diabetes (β = 1.497). The LASSO model had 94.4% AUC and 87.4% F1 score. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study using LASSO regression to identify risk factors for suicide attempts and diabetes. The shrinkage technique successfully reduced the number of variables in the model to improve overfitting. Further research is needed to study cause-and-effect relationships. The results may help providers identify high-risk groups of suicide attempters among diabetes patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia E Alafaireet
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, 14716University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Uzma Khan
- Cosmopolitan International Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Medicine, 14716University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Min Soon Kim
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, 14716University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Department of Health Management and Informatics, 14716University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cause-specific mortality after hospital discharge for suicide attempt or suicidal ideation: A cohort study in Piedmont Region, Italy. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 161:19-26. [PMID: 36893667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide attempters are at higher risk of death than the general population. The present study aims to investigate the excess of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of patients who have attempted suicide or had suicidal ideation compared with the general population. METHOD The cohort included 826 patients residing in the Piedmont Region of Northwest Italy who were admitted to a hospital or emergency department for suicide attempts or suicidal ideation between 2010 and 2016. Mortality excesses of the study population compared to the general population were estimated by applying indirect standardization. Standardized Mortality Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated for all-cause, and cause-specific, natural, and unnatural causes of death by gender and age. RESULTS During the 7 years of follow-up, 8.2% of the study sample died. The mortality of suicide attempters and ideators was significantly higher than that of the general population. Mortality was about twice than expected from natural causes, and 30 times than expected from unnatural causes. The mortality due to suicide was 85 times higher than that of the general population, with an excess of 126 times for females. The SMRs for all-cause mortality decreased with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS Patients who access hospitals or emergency departments for suicide attempts or suicidal ideation are a frail group at high risk of dying from natural or unnatural causes. Clinicians should pay special attention to the care of these patients, and public health and prevention professionals should develop and implement appropriate interventions to timely identify individuals at higher risk for suicide attempts and suicidal ideation and provide standardized care and support services.
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang J, Gholi Zadeh Kharrat F, Pelletier JF, Rochette L, Pelletier E, Lévesque P, Massamba V, Brousseau-Paradis C, Mohammed M, Gariépy G, Gagné C, Lesage A. A case-control study on predicting population risk of suicide using health administrative data: a research protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066423. [PMID: 36849211 PMCID: PMC9972456 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide has a complex aetiology and is a result of the interaction among the risk and protective factors at the individual, healthcare system and population levels. Therefore, policy and decision makers and mental health service planners can play an important role in suicide prevention. Although a number of suicide risk predictive tools have been developed, these tools were designed to be used by clinicians for assessing individual risk of suicide. There have been no risk predictive models to be used by policy and decision makers for predicting population risk of suicide at the national, provincial and regional levels. This paper aimed to describe the rationale and methodology for developing risk predictive models for population risk of suicide. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A case-control study design will be used to develop sex-specific risk predictive models for population risk of suicide, using statistical regression and machine learning techniques. Routinely collected health administrative data in Quebec, Canada, and community-level social deprivation and marginalisation data will be used. The developed models will be transformed into the models that can be readily used by policy and decision makers. Two rounds of qualitative interviews with end-users and other stakeholders were proposed to understand their views about the developed models and potential systematic, social and ethical issues for implementation; the first round of qualitative interviews has been completed. We included 9440 suicide cases (7234 males and 2206 females) and 661 780 controls for model development. Three hundred and forty-seven variables at individual, healthcare system and community levels have been identified and will be included in least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression for feature selection. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is approved by the Health Research Ethnics Committee of Dalhousie University, Canada. This study takes an integrated knowledge translation approach, involving knowledge users from the beginning of the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | | | - Louis Rochette
- Institut national de sante publique du Quebec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Pelletier
- Institut national de sante publique du Quebec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pascale Lévesque
- Institut national de sante publique du Quebec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Victoria Massamba
- Institut national de sante publique du Quebec (INSPQ), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Mada Mohammed
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Geneviève Gariépy
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Gagné
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Lesage
- Institut universitaire en sante mentale de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee MS, Lee H. Associations between binge drinking experience, depressive mood, and suicidality in adolescents: Based on the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:386-391. [PMID: 36462612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the associations between binge drinking experience (BDE), depressive mood, and suicidality among Korean adolescents. METHODS We analyzed the 17th population-based and cross-sectional data from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to compare BDE, depressive mood, and suicidality by sex. RESULTS In 54,848 adolescents, the prevalence of BDE was 5.3 % in boys and 4.4 % in girls. The prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among girls was 7.8 %, 2.4 %, and 1.4 %, respectively. The prevalence of suicide attempts among girls with both BDE and depressive moods was higher than that among boys. Boys with both BDE and depressive mood had 12.60 times and 14.50 times higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of suicide ideation and plan, respectively, compared with the non-drinking/non-depressed group. Girls with both BDE and depressive mood had 22.06 times higher aOR of suicide attempts than the non-drinking/non-depressed group. LIMITATIONS The study has few limitations including the use of self-report questionnaires, participants' response bias, and lack of diagnosis by mental health professionals. CONCLUSIONS These findings represent the prevalence of suicidality among South Korean adolescents with BDE or depressive mood. Since adolescents with both BDE and depressive mood showed particularly high suicidality, it is necessary to establish mental health services, such as proper prevention strategies and targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Apparent Lack of Benefit of Combining Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for the Treatment of Resistant Depression: Patient-Centered Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020293. [PMID: 36831836 PMCID: PMC9954722 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is considered one of the major clinical challenges in the field of psychiatry. An estimated 44% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to two consecutive antidepressant therapies, and 33% do not respond to up to four antidepressants. Over 15% of all patients with MDD remain refractory to any treatment intervention. rTMS is considered a treatment option for patients with TRD. Likewise, iCBT is evidence-based, symptom-focused psychotherapy recommended for the treatment of TRD. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the initial comparative clinical effectiveness of rTMS treatment with and without iCBT as an innovative intervention for the treatment of participants diagnosed with TRD. Methods: This study is a prospective two-arm randomized controlled trial. Overall, 78 participants diagnosed with TRD were randomized to one of two treatment interventions: rTMS sessions alone and rTMS sessions plus iCBT. Participants in each group were made to complete evaluation measures at baseline, and 6 weeks (discharge) from treatment. The primary outcome measure was baseline to six weeks change in mean score for the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17). Secondary outcomes included mean baseline to six-week changes in the Columbia suicide severity rating scale (CSSRS) for the rate of suicidal ideations, the QIDS-SR16 for subjective depression, and the EQ-5D-5L to assess the quality of health in participants. Results: A majority of the participants were females 50 (64.1%), aged ≥ 40 39 (50.0%), and had college/university education 54 (73.0%). After adjusting for the baseline scores, the study failed to find a significant difference in the changes in mean scores for participants from baseline to six weeks between the two interventions under study on the HAMD-17 scale: F (1, 53) = 0.15, p = 0.70, partial eta squared = 0.003, CSSRS; F (1, 56) = 0.04 p = 0.85, partial eta squared = 0.001, QIDS-SR16 scale; F (1, 53) = 0.04 p = 0.61, partial eta squared = 0.005, and EQ-5D-VAS; F (1, 51) = 0.46 p = 0.50, and partial eta squared = 0.009. However, there was a significant reduction in means scores at week six compared to baseline scores for the combined study population on the HAMD-17 scale (42%), CSSRS (41%), QIDS-SR16 scale (35%), and EQ-VAS scale (62%). Conclusion: This study did not find that combined treatment of TRD with rTMS + iCBT (unguided) was superior to treatment with rTMS alone. Our findings do not support the use of combined treatment of rTMS + iCBT for the management of TRD disorders.
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen SW, Li X, Lang X, Li J, Zhang XY. Metabolic parameters and thyroid hormones in relation to suicide attempts in patients with first-episode and drug-naive major depressive disorder with comorbid glucose disturbances: a large cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:199-207. [PMID: 36127506 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01490-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The factors associated with suicide attempts in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with comorbid glucose disturbances remain unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study with a large sample size to examine risk factors of suicide attempts in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients with comorbid glucose disturbances, including clinically relevant factors, metabolic parameters, and thyroid hormone levels. A total of 1718 FEDN MDD patients were enrolled. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of patients. Fasting blood glucose, metabolic parameters, and thyroid hormone levels were measured. After controlling for HAMA and HAMD scores, the suicide attempt rate was 1.88 times higher in MDD patients with glucose disturbances than in MDD patients without glucose disturbances. Compared to non-suicide attempters, suicide attempters among the MDD patients with glucose disturbances had higher scores on HAMD and HAMA, PANSS positive symptoms, as well as higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, TC, LDL-C, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), TgAb, and thyroid peroxidases antibody (TPOAb). The combination of positive symptom score, HDL-C, systolic blood pressure, and marital status distinguished suicide attempters from non-suicide attempters. In addition, HAMA score, HAMD score, and TPOAb were associated with the number of suicide attempts in MDD patients with comorbid glucose disturbances. Our results suggest a high incidence of suicide attempts in MDD patients with comorbid glucose disturbances. Several clinically relevant factors, metabolic parameters, and thyroid hormone function have an impact on suicide attempts in MDD patients with comorbid glucose disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Wang Chen
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - XiaoE Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Akbar R, Arya V, Conroy E, Wilcox HC, Page A. Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:163-184. [PMID: 36385705 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and (i) death by suicide, (ii) attempted suicide (AS), and (iii) suicidal ideation (SI). METHODS The systematic review identified seven studies on PTSD and suicide, 33 studies for AS, and 20 studies for SI. A series of stratified meta-analyses were conducted to estimate pooled effects, in addition to meta-regression to investigate sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS A higher relative risk of suicide was evident among those diagnosed with PTSD (RR = 2.09 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-3.94]), with strongest associations among combat veterans (RR = 3.97, 95% CI 2.22-7.10). A lower relative risk of suicide among those with PTSD and co-morbid psychiatric conditions was evident (RR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.86). A strong association between PTSD and attempted suicide (RR = 4.05, 95% CI 3.14-5.23) and suicidal ideation (RR = 2.91, 95% CI 2.22-3.82) was also found, with a consistently strong association among those with co-morbid psychiatric conditions and non-clinical cohorts. CONCLUSION This review found a strong association between PTSD and death by suicide, attempted suicide, and suicidal ideation, and also suicide among veteran populations. Early identification and treatment of PTSD across both clinical and non-clinical cohorts should be a priority for suicide prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Akbar
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vikas Arya
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Conroy
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Holly C Wilcox
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Page
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Colbert SMC, Mullins N, Chan G, Meyers JL, Schulman J, Kuperman S, Lai D, Nurnberger J, Plawecki MH, Kamarajan C, Anokhin AP, Bucholz KK, Hesselbrock V, Edenberg HJ, Kramer J, Dick DM, Porjesz B, Agrawal A, Johnson EC. Polygenic Contributions to Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in a Sample Ascertained for Alcohol Use Disorders. Complex Psychiatry 2023; 9:11-23. [PMID: 38058956 PMCID: PMC10697665 DOI: 10.1159/000529164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicidal thoughts and behaviors have partially distinct genetic etiologies. Methods We used PRS-CS to create polygenic risk scores (PRSs) from GWAS of non-suicidal self-injury, broad-sense self-harm ideation, nonfatal suicide attempt, death by suicide, and depression. Using mixed-effect models, we estimated whether these PRSs were associated with a range of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (N = 7,526). Results All PRSs were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt (betas = 0.08-0.44, false discovery rate [FDR] <0.023). All PRSs except non-suicidal self-injury PRS were associated with active suicidal ideation (betas = 0.14-0.22, FDR <0.003). Several associations remained significant in models where all significant PRSs were included as simultaneous predictors, and when all PRSs predicted suicide attempt, the PRS together explained 6.2% of the variance in suicide attempt. Significant associations were also observed between some PRSs and persistent suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, compounded suicide attempt, and desire to die. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PRS for depression does not explain the entirety of the variance in suicidal thoughts and behaviors, with PRS specifically for suicidal thoughts and behaviors making additional and sometimes unique contributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M C Colbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Niamh Mullins
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacquelyn L Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Schulman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Nurnberger
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Martin H Plawecki
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Andrey P Anokhin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Mount Sinai Clinical Intelligence Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John Kramer
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Power K, Cientanni F, Wright C. Social Group Identification as a Predictor of Pretreatment Suicidal Ideation and Intent in those Receiving cCBT: Evidence from a Scottish Primary Care Sample. Arch Suicide Res 2023; 27:107-121. [PMID: 34514951 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1972882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation and intent are strongly linked with suicidal attempts and completions; however, no study to date has explored the predictors of ideation and intent within a sample receiving computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) as an intervention for mild to moderate depression. The current study investigates the impact of social group identification and socioeconomic deprivation, together with a number of important clinical and demographic factors, on suicidal ideation and intent within a Scottish primary care sample. Participants (N = 1062) were recruited from referrals to a cCBT program, "Beating the Blues" (BtB), over a 33-month period. Participants completed three versions of the group identifications scale (GIS), one for each of three groups: family, community, and a social group of choice. Single-item questions on suicidal ideation and intent were delivered through the BtB program, and demographic and clinical information were collected on commencing BtB. More severe psychological distress, fewer group identifications, younger age, and being male, all significantly predicted the presence of suicidal ideations, however only greater severity of psychological distress was associated with more serious suicidal intent. These results provide valuable insight into factors associated with suicidal ideation and intent within a clinical population from a psychosocial, psychopharmacological, and demographic perspective.
Collapse
|
33
|
Li J, Zhang Y, Siu Man Chan B, Tan SN, Lu J, Luo X, Shen Y, Zhang XY. Associations between anxiety, depression, and risk of suicidal behaviors in Chinese medical college students. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1012298. [PMID: 36532186 PMCID: PMC9757065 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1012298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have established a strong association between depression and suicidal behaviors, yet the relationship between anxiety and suicidal behaviors remains unclear. This study examines whether anxiety and depression are independent risk factors for suicidal behaviors in medical college students, and further, whether anxiety may increase the greater risk of suicidal behaviors (SB) in participants with depression. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 4,882 medical students. Demographic information, anxiety, and depression data were collected using online questionnaires or through a widely used social media app named WeChat. Results Anxiety and depression were independent risk factors for suicidal behaviors, and levels of risk correlated positively with the severity of both anxiety and depressive symptoms. A dose-response relationship was identified between the severity of anxiety and the risk of SB, as well as the severity of depression and SB. Furthermore, anxiety increased the risk of suicidal behaviors in participants with depression, with a dose-response relationship between the severity of anxiety symptoms and the risk of SB. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of screening for anxiety and depressive symptoms in medical college students, as well as reducing anxiety in addition to depressive symptoms in treatment. This study provides valuable data as a reference for clinicians for suicide risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Applied Psychology, College of Preschool Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bella Siu Man Chan
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sun Nee Tan
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Faculty of Medicine (Neuroscience), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child Psychiatry of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Mental Health School, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuerong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanmei Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Orsini LS, O'Connor SJ, Mohwinckel MT, Marwood L, Pahwa AS, Bryder MN, Dong X, Levine SP. Observational study to characterize treatment-resistant depression in Germany, France and the United Kingdom: analysis of real-world data collected through a survey of healthcare professionals. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:2219-2226. [PMID: 36106382 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2113692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study describes treatment patterns, productivity, healthcare resource utilization and previous episodes of depression for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a quantitative survey was administered to 225 healthcare providers (HCPs) distributed evenly across Germany, France and the UK from July to August 2021. Each HCP was asked to answer based on medical records of five patients with TRD, defined as patients failing to respond to two or more treatments of adequate dose and duration in the same episode of major depressive disorder (MDD), which provided a sample size of 1125 patients. RESULTS Of the 1125 patients with TRD, 73.2% had two or more previous episodes of MDD, 46.3% had a history of suicidal ideation and 24.8% had attempted suicide. Only 26.8% of patients were employed either full-time or part-time. During the most recent/current TRD episode, 45.5% of patients received five or more lines of treatment, and 46.0% remained on monotherapy. For multiple pharmacological treatments, too many distinct combinations were used to discern trends. Overall, 60.6% of patients had at least one mental health-related hospitalization in the last 12 months; 35.0% had two or more hospitalizations. Half of TRD patients saw a doctor five or more times per year for their depression. CONCLUSIONS This study addresses the knowledge gap about treatment patterns and healthcare utilization in real-world practice for TRD patients in three European countries. It provides data that potentially could inform treatment guideline development and optimize patient-perceived benefits from the treatment of TRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ankit S Pahwa
- ICON PLC, ICON Commercialization and Outcomes, Bangalore, India
| | - Matti N Bryder
- ICON PLC, ICON Commercialization and Outcomes, Solna, Sweden
| | - Xinzhe Dong
- ICON PLC, ICON Commercialization and Outcomes, Vancouver, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Toffol E, Miola A, Magnolfi G, Trevisan G, Scocco P. High hs-CRP levels after an attempted suicide: A matched case-control study. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
36
|
Kathan A, Harrer M, Küster L, Triantafyllopoulos A, He X, Milling M, Gerczuk M, Yan T, Rajamani ST, Heber E, Grossmann I, Ebert DD, Schuller BW. Personalised depression forecasting using mobile sensor data and ecological momentary assessment. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:964582. [PMID: 36465087 PMCID: PMC9715619 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.964582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Digital health interventions are an effective way to treat depression, but it is still largely unclear how patients' individual symptoms evolve dynamically during such treatments. Data-driven forecasts of depressive symptoms would allow to greatly improve the personalisation of treatments. In current forecasting approaches, models are often trained on an entire population, resulting in a general model that works overall, but does not translate well to each individual in clinically heterogeneous, real-world populations. Model fairness across patient subgroups is also frequently overlooked. Personalised models tailored to the individual patient may therefore be promising. METHODS We investigate different personalisation strategies using transfer learning, subgroup models, as well as subject-dependent standardisation on a newly-collected, longitudinal dataset of depression patients undergoing treatment with a digital intervention ( N = 65 patients recruited). Both passive mobile sensor data as well as ecological momentary assessments were available for modelling. We evaluated the models' ability to predict symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2; PHQ-2) at the end of each day, and to forecast symptoms of the next day. RESULTS In our experiments, we achieve a best mean-absolute-error (MAE) of 0.801 (25% improvement) for predicting PHQ-2 values at the end of the day with subject-dependent standardisation compared to a non-personalised baseline ( MAE = 1.062 ). For one day ahead-forecasting, we can improve the baseline of 1.539 by 12 % to a MAE of 1.349 using a transfer learning approach with shared common layers. In addition, personalisation leads to fairer models at group-level. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that personalisation using subject-dependent standardisation and transfer learning can improve predictions and forecasts, respectively, of depressive symptoms in participants of a digital depression intervention. We discuss technical and clinical limitations of this approach, avenues for future investigations, and how personalised machine learning architectures may be implemented to improve existing digital interventions for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kathan
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Harrer
- Psychology & Digital Mental Health Care, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- GET.ON Institut für Online Gesundheitstrainings GmbH/HelloBetter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Küster
- GET.ON Institut für Online Gesundheitstrainings GmbH/HelloBetter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Triantafyllopoulos
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Xiangheng He
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- GLAM – Group on Language, Audio, & Music, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Manuel Milling
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Maurice Gerczuk
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Tianhao Yan
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Elena Heber
- GET.ON Institut für Online Gesundheitstrainings GmbH/HelloBetter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Grossmann
- GET.ON Institut für Online Gesundheitstrainings GmbH/HelloBetter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David D. Ebert
- Psychology & Digital Mental Health Care, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- GET.ON Institut für Online Gesundheitstrainings GmbH/HelloBetter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn W. Schuller
- EIHW – Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- GLAM – Group on Language, Audio, & Music, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Musetti A, Pingani L, Zagaria A, Uberti D, Meli S, Lenzo V, Gori A, Franceschini C, Galeazzi GM. Insecure adult attachment and reflective functioning as mechanisms of the relationship between traumatic life events and suicidal ideation: A path analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:985148. [PMID: 36248502 PMCID: PMC9561888 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.985148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between traumatic life events and increased suicide risk has been well reported in literature. However, the complex nature of suicidality phenomena still hinders our ability to comprehend the mediation mechanism underlying this association. In this study, we examined the mediating role of adult attachment and reflective functioning in the relationship between traumatic life events and suicidal ideation. Nine hundred and fifty Italian adults completed an online survey evaluating traumatic life events, adult attachment, reflective functioning and suicidal ideation. The path analysis showed that the positive relationship between traumatic life events and suicidal ideation was partially mediated by attachment anxiety and reflective functioning. From a clinical point of view, these results support the relevance of evaluating and improving patients’ ability to mentalize as a part of psychotherapeutic intervention aimed at reducing suicidality in people with a history of traumatic experiences and attachment anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Musetti
- Department of Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Industries, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Musetti,
| | - Luca Pingani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento ad attività integrata Salute Mentale e Dipendenze Patologiche, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniele Uberti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Meli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lenzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Società e della Formazione d’Area Mediterranea, Università per Stranieri Dante Alighieri, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alessio Gori
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Gian Maria Galeazzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento ad attività integrata Salute Mentale e Dipendenze Patologiche, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Naghavi A, Afsharzada MS, Brailovskaia J, Teismann T. Mental health and suicidality in Afghan students after the Taliban takeover in 2021. J Affect Disord 2022; 307:178-183. [PMID: 35390352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the 15th of August 2021, Kabul was captured by the Taliban, leading to the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The present study investigated PTSD symptoms, depression, suicide risk and facets of positive mental health in the immediate aftermath of the Taliban take-over. METHODS A total of 214 Afghan university students (73.7% women; age in years: M(SD) = 23.92 (5.77)) took part in this cross-sectional study between August and November 2021. Self-report measures of PTSD, depression, suicide ideation/behavior, positive mental health, social support, and posttraumatic growth were used. RESULTS Severe posttraumatic stress disorders symptoms were reported by 70%, clinically relevant depression symptoms were reported by 69.7% and significant suicide ideation/behavior was reported by 38.6% of the sample. Posttraumatic growth moderated the impact of depression on suicide risk. No interaction effects were found for positive mental health and social support. LIMITATION The study focused on a specific group of highly educated and predominantly female Afghan students limiting the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSION PTSD symptoms, depression and suicidality show an alarmingly high prevalence in this specific sample of Afghan students. Various protective factors seem to be insufficient to buffer the association between PTSD, depression and suicide risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Naghavi
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yin L, Song TH, Wei YY, Zhang LG, Zhou SJ, Yu JJ, Zhang LY, Li HJ, Chen JX. Relationship Between Affective Temperaments and Suicide Risk in Patients With First-Onset Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:893195. [PMID: 35747102 PMCID: PMC9211372 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.893195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People may endorse suicidal behavior during a major depressive episode. Affective temperaments may play a role in this risk. We explored the relationship between affective temperaments and suicide and identified some traits that can predict suicide risk in depression. Materials and Methods We analyzed the results of the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) in 284 participants recruited from a psychiatric clinic and the community in Beijing and compared the subscale scores (temperaments of cyclothymic, dysthymic, anxious, irritable, and hyperthymic) among major depressive disorders (MDDs) vs. the general population as well as depressive patients with vs. without suicide risk, using Student's test, chi-square test, rank-sum test, and multivariable regression modeling. Results The incidence of suicidal risk in depressive subjects was 47.62% (80/168). Being unmarried (p < 0.001), unemployed (p = 0.007), and temperaments of dysthymic, cyclothymic, anxious, and irritable scores (all p < 0.001) were significantly more prevalent in patients with depression than in the general population. Young age (p < 0.001), female sex (p = 0.037), unmarried (p = 0.001), more severe depression (p < 0.001), and dysthymic, anxious, and cyclothymic temperament (all p < 0.05) were significantly more prevalent in patients with depressive disorder than those without suicide risk. The logistic regression analysis showed that younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.937, 95% CI 0.905∼0.970), female sex (OR = 2.606, 95% CI 1.142∼5.948), more severe depression (OR = 1.145, 95% CI 1.063∼1.234), cyclothymic temperament (OR = 1.275, 95% CI 1.102∼1.475), and dysthymic temperament (OR = 1.265, 95% CI 1.037∼1.542) were all independently associated with high suicidal risk in patients with first-onset major depression (p < 0.05). Conclusion Temperament traits differ between the general population and people suffering from MDD. Subjects with MDD who have much more severe depressive symptoms and a cyclothymic or dysthymic temperament were at a high risk of suicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yin
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-He Song
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wei
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Gang Zhang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang-Jiang Zhou
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jin Yu
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ye Zhang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Juan Li
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Xu Chen
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University Hui-Long-Guan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Elsouri KN, Kalhori S, Colunge D, Grabarczyk G, Hanna G, Carrasco C, Aleman Espino A, Francisco A, Borosky B, Bekheit B, Ighanifard M, Astudillo AA, Demory Beckler M. Psychoactive Drugs in the Management of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Promising New Horizon. Cureus 2022; 14:e25235. [PMID: 35747039 PMCID: PMC9214830 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that often presents after exposure to a traumatic, life-threatening event. Experiencing a traumatic event is not rare, with inciting incidents ranging from being burglarized to politically motivated genocide. While traditional psychopharmacology and psychotherapy are the mainstays of the treatment of PTSD currently, psychoactive drugs (otherwise known as psychedelics) are being explored for their novel role in the treatment of PTSD patients. Psychoactive drugs such as MDMA, ketamine, and psilocybin have been shown to specifically target and decrease fear and anxiety pathways in the brain. These unique properties hold the potential to be utilized in addressing symptoms of trauma in those with refractory or treatment-resistant PTSD. Historically, federal and state laws have restricted research into how psychoactive drugs can be used to treat mental illness due to the widespread belief that these drugs present more harm than benefit. However, the current shift in public opinion on psychedelics has propelled research to look into the benefits of these drugs for patients with mental illness. This article aims to discuss the mechanisms of how MDMA, ketamine, and psilocybin work in the PTSD brain, as well as their beneficial role in treatment.
Collapse
|
41
|
Uhlmann C, Tschöke S, Steinert T, Schmid P. [Can you See and Hear How Bad I Feel Right Now? - Self-Injury and Suicidal Communication in Borderline Personality Disorder - A Secondary Analysis]. PSYCHIATRISCHE PRAXIS 2022; 49:329-333. [PMID: 35595492 DOI: 10.1055/a-1820-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSV) and suicide attempts are well-known features of borderline personality disorder; communicative behavior is poorly studied. Differences between patients with and without NSSV as well as differences in current suicide attempts regarding suicidal communication and NSSV were investigated.In a secondary analysis, data on current and anamnestic NSSV, suicide attempts, suicidal communication, and clinical symptomatology of 87 inpatients were studied.Patients with and without current NSSV did not differ in anamnestic but did differ in current suicide attempts and suicidal communication. In regard to the current inpatient stay, it was observed that patients with and without suicide attempts differed considerably in the variables NSSV (100 vs. 32.5 %) and suicidal communication (71.4 vs. 7.5 %).Current self-injury and suicidal communication are highly significant for risk assessment of current suicidality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Uhlmann
- ZfP Südwürttemberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie I der Universität Ulm (Weissenau), Forschung und Lehre
| | - Stefan Tschöke
- ZfP Südwürttemberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie I der Universität Ulm (Weissenau), Forschung und Lehre
| | - Tilman Steinert
- ZfP Südwürttemberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie I der Universität Ulm (Weissenau), Forschung und Lehre
| | - Petra Schmid
- ZfP Südwürttemberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie I der Universität Ulm (Weissenau), Forschung und Lehre
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Teismann T, Naghavi A, Asgari Z, Grundei L, Brailovskaia J. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and suicidal ideation/behavior: The moderating effects of positive mental health and social support among Iranian and German students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSuicidal ideation and behavior are common in those suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The present study investigated factors buffering the association between PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation/behavior. A total of 571 Iranian students and 421 German students took part in the investigation. Social support and positive mental health (PMH) were considered as resilience factors moderating the association between PTSD symptoms and suicide ideation/behavior within both samples. PMH moderated the impact of PTSD symptoms on suicidal ideation/behavior in Iranian and German students. Social support moderated the impact of PTSD symptoms on suicidal ideation/behavior in Iranian students only. Positive mental health and perceived social support seem to confer resilience and should be taken into account, when assessing individuals for suicide risk.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ongeri L, Nyawira M, Kariuki SM, Theuri C, Bitta M, Penninx B, Newton CR, Tijdink J. Sociocultural perspectives on suicidal behaviour at the Coast Region of Kenya: an exploratory qualitative study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056640. [PMID: 35387823 PMCID: PMC8987750 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore perceived sociocultural factors that may influence suicidality from key informants residing in coastal Kenya. DESIGN We used an exploratory qualitative study design. SETTING Mombasa and Kilifi Counties of Coastal Kenya. PARTICIPANTS 25 key informants including community leaders, professionals and community members directly and indirectly affected by suicidality. METHODS We conducted in-depth interviews with purposively selected key informants to collect data on sociocultural perspectives of suicide. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes using both inductive and deductive processes. RESULTS Four key themes were identified from the inductive content analysis of 25 in-depth interviews as being important for understanding cultural perspectives related to suicidality: (1) the stigma of suicidal behaviour, with suicidal victims perceived as weak or crazy, and suicidal act as evil and illegal; (2) the attribution of supernatural causality to suicide, for example, due to sorcery or inherited curses; (3) the convoluted pathway to care, specifically, delayed access to biomedical care and preference for informal healers; and (4) gender and age differences influencing suicide motivation, method of suicide and care seeking behaviour for suicidality. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an in depth understanding of cultural factors attributed to suicide in this rural community that may engender stigma, discrimination and poor access to mental healthcare in this community. We recommend multipronged and multilevel suicide prevention interventions targeted at changing stigmatising attitudes, beliefs and behaviours, and improving access to mental healthcare in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linnet Ongeri
- Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Miriam Nyawira
- Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Symon M Kariuki
- Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Cyrus Theuri
- Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Mary Bitta
- Neuroscience Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC VUMC Site, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charles Rjc Newton
- Psychiatry, Oxford University, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Joeri Tijdink
- Department of Humanities, Amsterdam UMC VUMC Site, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lucht L, Spangenberg L, Forkmann T, Hallensleben N, Rath D, Strauss M, Glaesmer H. Association of real-time assessed mood, affect and suicidal ideation in psychiatric inpatients with unipolar depression. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1580-1586. [PMID: 35383387 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous research provided preliminary support of a potential reinforcing effect of suicidal ideation demonstrating reduced negative affect and increased positive affect after thinking about suicide. The present study therefore sought to investigate the role of mood and affect as a proximal risk factor of suicidal ideation in a high-risk sample. Seventy-four psychiatric inpatients (72% female) with unipolar depression and current and/or lifetime suicidal ideation aged 18 to 85 years (M = 37.6, SD = 14.3) took part in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 6 days. Multilevel analyses were calculated. Analyses revealed negative valence of mood and low positive affect to be predictors of subsequent intensity of suicidal ideation (active, passive) as well as predictors of change in suicidal ideation (active, passive) since the last measurement. High negative affect only predicted intensity of passive suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation (active, passive) was prospectively associated with subsequent negative valence of mood and lower positive affect as well as with higher intensity of negative affect. Suicidal ideation (active, passive) also predicted the change in valence of mood, positive affect and negative affect since the last measurement. Mood and affect should be taken into account as important proximal risk factors of active and passive suicidal ideation. The results do not support the idea of a reinforcing effect of suicidal ideation. In fact, they show a pattern of reduced subsequent positive affect, negative valence of mood and increased negative affect. Replication studies with larger samples and longer EMA follow-ups are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luise Lucht
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lena Spangenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Nina Hallensleben
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dajana Rath
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Maria Strauss
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pallikaras V, Shizgal P. The Convergence Model of Brain Reward Circuitry: Implications for Relief of Treatment-Resistant Depression by Deep-Brain Stimulation of the Medial Forebrain Bundle. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:851067. [PMID: 35431828 PMCID: PMC9011331 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.851067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep-brain stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) can provide effective, enduring relief of treatment-resistant depression. Panksepp provided an explanatory framework: the MFB constitutes the core of the neural circuitry subserving the anticipation and pursuit of rewards: the “SEEKING” system. On that view, the SEEKING system is hypoactive in depressed individuals; background electrical stimulation of the MFB alleviates symptoms by normalizing activity. Panksepp attributed intracranial self-stimulation to excitation of the SEEKING system in which the ascending projections of midbrain dopamine neurons are an essential component. In parallel with Panksepp’s qualitative work, intracranial self-stimulation has long been studied quantitatively by psychophysical means. That work argues that the predominant directly stimulated substrate for MFB self-stimulation are myelinated, non-dopaminergic fibers, more readily excited by brief electrical current pulses than the thin, unmyelinated axons of the midbrain dopamine neurons. The series-circuit hypothesis reconciles this view with the evidence implicating dopamine in MFB self-stimulation as follows: direct activation of myelinated MFB fibers is rewarding due to their trans-synaptic activation of midbrain dopamine neurons. A recent study in which rats worked for optogenetic stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons challenges the series-circuit hypothesis and provides a new model of intracranial self-stimulation in which the myelinated non-dopaminergic neurons and the midbrain dopamine projections access the behavioral final common path for reward seeking via separate, converging routes. We explore the potential implications of this convergence model for the interpretation of the antidepressant effect of MFB stimulation. We also discuss the consistent finding that psychomotor stimulants, which boost dopaminergic neurotransmission, fail to provide a monotherapy for depression. We propose that non-dopaminergic MFB components may contribute to the therapeutic effect in parallel to, in synergy with, or even instead of, a dopaminergic component.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Co-occurrence of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA) might occur because they share common risk factors, or alternatively because one leads to the other. Using search terms salient to NSSI and SA, we screened 555 studies to identify 17 that presented temporal data about NSSI and SA. Much of the evidence indicates that NSSI predates SA, especially among females and individuals with depressive symptoms, or diagnosed with borderline personality disorder or mood disorders. However, in some studies, associated risk factors likely accounted for the effect. Greater NSSI frequency to a threshold increases risk for later SA. Findings suggest that the behaviors have common predisposing factors, but that there is also a potent gateway effect whereby NSSI precedes SA.
Collapse
|
47
|
Jang H, Lee W, Kim YO, Kim H. Suicide rate and social environment characteristics in South Korea: the roles of socioeconomic, demographic, urbanicity, general health behaviors, and other environmental factors on suicide rate. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:410. [PMID: 35227243 PMCID: PMC8887086 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a serious worldwide public health concern, and South Korea has shown the highest suicide rate among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries since 2003. Nevertheless, most previous Korean studies on suicide had limitations in investigating various social environment factors using long-term nationwide data. Thus, this study examined how various social environment characteristics are related to the suicide rate at the district-level, using nationwide longitudinal data over 11 years. METHODS We used the district-level age-standardized suicide rate and a total of 12 annual social environment characteristics that represented socioeconomic, demographic, urbanicity, general health behaviors, and other environmental characteristics from 229 administrative districts in South Korea. A Bayesian hierarchical model with integrated Laplace approximations (INLA) was used to examine the spatiotemporal association between the rate of suicide and the social environment indicators selected for the study. RESULTS In the total population, the indicators "% of population aged 65 and older eligible for the basic pension", "% vacant houses in the area", "% divorce", "% single elderly households", "% detached houses", "% current smokers", and "% of population with obesity" showed positive associations with the suicide rate. In contrast, "% of people who regularly participated in religious activities" showed negative associations with suicide rate. The associations between these social environment characteristics and suicide rate were generally more statistically significant in males and more urbanized areas, than in females and less urbanized areas; however, associations differed amongst age groups, depending on the social environment characteristic variable under study. CONCLUSIONS This study investigated the complex role of social environments on suicide rate in South Korea and revealed that higher suicide rates were associated with lower values of socioeconomic status, physical exercise, and religious activities, and with higher social isolation and smoking practice. Our results can be used in the development of targeted suicide prevention policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jang
- Department of Statistics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Whanhee Lee
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yong-Ook Kim
- Population Research Lab, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, & Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mohammadi H, Changizi V, Riyahi Alam N, Rahiminejad F, Soleimani M, Qardashi A. Measurement of Post-Treatment Changes in Brain Metabolites in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Biomed Phys Eng 2022; 12:51-60. [PMID: 35155293 PMCID: PMC8819263 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From previous studies, we know the correlations of some brain metabolites with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and its symptoms. The response of GAD patients to various treatments is not the same and finding the best treatment option for each patient takes a long period of time. OBJECTIVE In this study, we try to examine if there is any relationship between a special treatment option and GAD patients' response and brain metabolite correlation with anxiety level change. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is a clinical trial type of studies. We have used proton MRS (1H-MRS) with field strength of 3 Tesla to assess whether a different treatment option makes different responses based on metabolite changes. We chose 16 patients based on Hamilton's anxiety rate and a psychiatrist diagnosis. Patients were divided into two groups randomly. Each group took different treatments. Before treatment started, patients underwent MRS imaging and 8 weeks after treatment as well. Our study lacked a control group, and the results were analyzed by comparing the measured values of metabolites and clinical scores before and after treatment. RESULTS The NAA and Cho concentration increased after treatments and Cr concentration remained constant in both groups. Both groups showed improvements in their symptoms of anxiety and also in their clinical score rates. Sertraline group showed a more increase in NAA concentration than CBT and also a more decrease in HAMA and HAMD-17 scores. CONCLUSION A simultaneously increase in NAA and Cho in both groups and a decrease in clinical anxiety levels demonstrate that NAA and Cho concentration are associated negatively with anxiety levels. In addition, both CBT and sertraline are effective in the improvement of anxiety symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mohammadi
- MSc, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Changizi
- PhD, Department of Technology of Radiology and Radiotherapy, Allied Medical Sciences School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Riyahi Alam
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahiminejad
- MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soleimani
- PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Qardashi
- BSc, Department of Radiology, Valiasr Hospital of Meshgin Shahr, Ardabil, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gebremeskel TG, Berhe M, Tesfa Berhe E. Suicide Attempts Among Adult Eritrean Refugees in Tigray, Ethiopia: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:133-140. [PMID: 35140534 PMCID: PMC8819699 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s311335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study assessed the prevalence of and factors associated with suicide attempts among adult Eritrean refugees in Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among adult refugees from February 2020 to April 2020. The exposure variables included socio-demographic, clinically related, and psychosocial characteristics, and substance use-related factors. We included 400 participants and recruited them via a systematic random sampling technique. The study participants were between 18 and 60 years old. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. We applied bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to determine predictors for suicide attempts. Multicollinearity was checked to test correlations among predictor variables, and the Hosmer and Lemeshow test (p>0.2) was conducted to check the fitness of the model. Odds ratios and p-values were determined to check the associations between variables, and a p-value <0.05 was considered as a cut-off for statistical significance. Results The prevalence of suicide attempts was 7.3% (95% CI: 4.8%, 9.8%). Having current symptoms of trauma (AOR=5.6, 95% CI: 2.1, 14.9), a family history of mental disorder (AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 9.07), a history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (AOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.01, 7.4), and severe hopelessness (AOR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.3, 12.7) were significantly associated with suicide attempts. Conclusion This study showed that during the stay in the refugee camp, there was a high prevalence of suicide attempts compared to the prevalence of suicide attempts among the general populations of Ethiopia, Europe, and China, and the lifetime pooled prevalence across 17 countries. Current symptoms of trauma, PTSD, a family history of mental illness, and hopelessness were the factors statistically associated with the suicide attempt. Early screening, detection, and management of suicidal behavior, as well as appropriate mental healthcare, are warranted in refugee camps to reduce the number of suicide attempts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel
- Department of Reproductive Health, College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
- Discipline of Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Correspondence: Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel Email
| | - Mulaw Berhe
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
| | - Elsa Tesfa Berhe
- Department of Reproductive Health, College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia
- Sexual Reproductive Health Department, Medicine Sans Frontier MSFUM Rakuba Project in Gedarif State, Gedarif, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Glucocorticoid-glucocorticoid receptor-HCN1 channels reduce neuronal excitability in dorsal hippocampal CA1 neurons. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4035-4049. [PMID: 35840797 PMCID: PMC9718682 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While chronic stress increases hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) in dorsal hippocampal CA1 neurons, the underlying molecular mechanisms are entirely unknown. Following chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), susceptible mice displayed social avoidance and impaired spatial working memory, which were linked to decreased neuronal excitability, increased perisomatic hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) 1 protein expression, and elevated Ih in dorsal but not ventral CA1 neurons. In control mice, bath application of corticosterone reduced neuronal excitability, increased tetratricopeptide repeat-containing Rab8b-interacting protein (TRIP8b) and HCN1 protein expression, and elevated Ih in dorsal but not ventral CA1 region/neurons. Corticosterone-induced upregulation of functional Ih was mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), HCN channels, and the protein kinase A (PKA) but not the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) pathway. Three months after the end of CSDS, susceptible mice displayed persistent social avoidance when exposed to a novel aggressor. The sustained behavioral deficit was associated with lower neuronal excitability and higher functional Ih in dorsal CA1 neurons, both of which were unaffected by corticosterone treatment. Our findings show that corticosterone treatment mimics the pathophysiological effects of dorsal CA1 neurons/region found in susceptible mice. The aberrant expression of HCN1 protein along the somatodendritic axis of the dorsal hippocampal CA1 region might be the molecular mechanism driving susceptibility to social avoidance.
Collapse
|