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Kowalsky JM, Mitchell AM, Okdie BM. Co-rumination and intrapersonal cognitive processes predict distress: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress Health 2024:e3490. [PMID: 39377293 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Perseverative thinking and catastrophizing have well established associations with fear and distress. However, less is known about the impact of interpersonal dynamics, such as co-rumination, on these intrapersonal cognitive processes and subsequent stress. The present study addresses this knowledge gap. A sample of 433 adults from across the United States was recruited online and completed measures of co-rumination, perseverative thinking, catastrophizing, and demographic characteristics early in the COVID-19 pandemic, and the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) at six month follow up. Co-rumination, perseverative thinking, catastrophizing, and CSS scores were correlated in the expected direction. Regression analyses revealed all three independently predicted CSS worry about the dangerousness of COVID-19 subscale. Co-rumination was the strongest predictor of CSS worry about the socioeconomic impact and CSS compulsive checking scales. Perseverative thinking and catastrophizing predicted CSS traumatic stress symptoms subscale. Finally, perseverative thinking was the strongest predictor of CSS xenophobia subscale. Structural equation modelling indicated that co-rumination had a significant indirect effect on CSS scores through perseverative thinking and catastrophizing. Interpersonal dynamics, such as co-rumination, are relevant for understanding stress and are promising targets for intervention research to prevent or attenuate fears and distress, in addition to traditional intrapersonal cognitive processes such as perseverative thinking and catastrophizing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda M Mitchell
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Bradley M Okdie
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Newark, Ohio, USA
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Monteiro B, Galhardo A, Senra H, Pinto-Gouveia J, Cunha M. Beyond fight or flight: The protective role of pre-pandemic meditation practice against anxiety and perceived stress. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3440. [PMID: 38953863 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generated distinct mental health challenges, characterised by stress and anxiety due to its unpredictable duration and continuous threat. This study examined the role of meditation practice on anxiety symptoms and perceived stress, considering co-variables such as self-compassion, acceptance, awareness, brooding, lockdown duration, and sociodemographic characteristics. The study used a longitudinal design and data were collected through online surveys from April 2020 to January 2021 (at four different time points) and included 238 participants from Portugal (165 had prior experience with meditation practices, 73 were non-meditators) with a mean age of 43.08 years (SD = 10.96). Linear mixed models revealed that over time, during the lockdown, the non-meditators group demonstrated a greater increase of anxiety symptoms (β = -0.226, SE = 0.06, p = 0.006) and perceived stress (β = -0.20, SE = 0.06, p = 0.004), whereas the meditators group showed non-significant (p > 0.05) variations in anxiety and stress symptoms during the same period of time. The effect of meditation on anxiety symptoms was moderated by sex, days of lockdown, self-compassion, and acceptance. The effect of meditation on perceived stress was moderated by sex, years of education, days of lockdown, and levels of awareness. Additionally, the study explored the potential predictive effect of different meditation session lengths, indicating that longer meditation practices offered greater protection against an increase in anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of cultivating self-regulation skills and investing in preventive mental health strategies to promote well-being and autonomy. Mental health professionals should prioritise educating communities on evidence-based practices like meditation and compassion exercises to enhance overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Monteiro
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Galhardo
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hugo Senra
- Center for Research in Ceramics and Composite Materials (CICECO), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marina Cunha
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
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Low G, AliSher AN, Morero J, Gao Z, Gutman G, Franca A, von Humboldt S. Factors Associated with Older People's Anxiety Symptom Positioning after COVID-19: Cross-Sectional Findings from a Canadian Sample. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1837. [PMID: 39337177 PMCID: PMC11431020 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12181837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study sheds light on the personal characteristics of older Canadians self-identifying as severely anxious and the coping strategies that they gravitated to mitigate their anxiety. Our studied sample consisted of 606 Canadians aged 60 and above who took part in an e-survey across all 10 of Canada's provinces, launched in July 2022, when social distancing was lifted across the country. Participants completed a personal characteristics questionnaire, the Geriatric Anxiety Scale or GAS-10, and a checklist of everyday coping strategies for mitigating anxiety. A seemingly greater number of severely anxious Canadians were born female, self-identified as a cisgender woman, and were in their 60s and in poor to fair health. A univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that all such personal characteristics were associated with statistically significantly greater odds of experiencing severe anxiety. In our multivariate logistic regression analysis, no significant differences were observed between the sexes (AOR = 0.590, p = 0.404), and non-binary and cisgender men (AOR = 0.689, p = 0.441) and women (AOR = 0.657, p = 0.397). Nor were there statistically significant differences in the odds of experiencing severe anxiety for those living with versus without a life partner and chronic illnesses. Older Canadians experiencing severe anxiety were far more likely to normalize their fear and anxiety (AOR = 4.76, p < 0.001), challenge their worries (AOR = 5.21, p < 0.001), and to relax or meditate (AOR = 2.36, p = < 0.001). They were less inclined to decrease other sources of stress in their lives, to stay active, and to get enough sleep. We offer anticipatory guidance for mental health program planners and practitioners, and fruitful avenues of inquiry for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Low
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Anila Naz AliSher
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Juceli Morero
- College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Gloria Gutman
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC V6B 5K3, Canada
| | - Alex Franca
- Laboratory of Human Development and Cognition, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Sofia von Humboldt
- William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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Sansakorn P, Mushtaque I, Awais-E-Yazdan M, Dost MKB. The Relationship between Cyberchondria and Health Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Health Literacy among the Pakistani Public. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1168. [PMID: 39338051 PMCID: PMC11431163 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21091168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the current study examines the association between cyberchondria and health anxiety in the Pakistani population, with health literacy as a moderator. This study utilized a cross-sectional research approach, with data gathered through simple random sampling. The study enlisted 1295 participants from Pakistan aged between 18 and 70, 63% of whom were male and 36% of whom were female. The researchers found a statistically significant positive link between cyberchondria and health anxiety (β = 0.215; t = 1.052; p 0.000). The moderating influence of health literacy suggests that health anxiety has a significantly negative effect on the relationship between cyberchondria and health anxiety (β = -0.769; t = 2.097; p 0.037). Moreover, females had higher cyberchondria scores than males. Health-related anxiety did not differ between the sexes, and males had greater health literacy than females. These results emphasize the critical role of health literacy in the moderating effects of cyberchondria on health anxiety. Furthermore, they reveal significant gender differences in both cyberchondria and health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeda Sansakorn
- Department of Occupational Health & Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Iqra Mushtaque
- Department of Psychology, University of Layyah, Layyah 31200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais-E-Yazdan
- Department of Occupational Health & Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
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Hoseinean SA, Rahmani B, Alizadeh A, Javadi M, Nooripour R, Razzazi A, Shiri-Shahsavar MR. The relationship between fear of COVID-19 and food choice motives in the Iranian population. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308689. [PMID: 39137220 PMCID: PMC11321581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The long-term impact of COVID-19 on nutrition and community health is inevitably noticeable. These effects can change the nutritional behavior and lifestyle of survivors. Due to the COVID consequential fear and anxiety, the pandemic can alter the motivations for choosing, buying, and consuming food. The relationship between nutritional behavior and COVID-19 fear is the primary purpose of this research. MATERIALS & METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted via online and face-to-face surveys. Accessing participants was through health centers of Qazvin, Iran, and the selected centers were sampled by cluster sampling method. The study population included 331 adults aged 18 to 65. Data were collected in three sections using valid questionnaires. The Demographic Questionnaire, FCV-19S, and FCQ were used to gather demographic information, the level of fear caused by COVID-19, and food choice motivations, respectively. The statistical analyzes were performed using R software. Analysis of variance and linear regression methods were used to determine the effect of independent variables on dependent variables (p = 0.05). RESULTS The mean score of fear of COVID-19 in the study population was 15.25 ± 5.78. Price, Mood, Natural content, Familiarity, Convenience, and Ethical concerns were significantly and positively associated with fear of COVID-19 (p<0.05). The only food motive significantly different than before during COVID-19 was Health, which was increased (p = 0.02). Sensory appeal and Health were the most important motivations for food choices before and during COVID-19. The Ethical concern was considered the least important food motivation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Some food motivations were associated with fear of COVID-19, possibly due to their psychological nature. The increasing importance of the Health factor and Natural content motivations can relate to the advice of experts on the importance of eating healthy food to counteract COVID-19 and indicate people's preference for this training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed-Ali Hoseinean
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Bita Rahmani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Heath, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ahad Alizadeh
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Children Growth Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Roghieh Nooripour
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Razzazi
- Qazvin Health Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shiri-Shahsavar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Heath, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Liu Q, Gao B, Wu Y, Ning B, Xu Y, Zhang F. Gender Differences in the Longitudinal Linkages between Fear of COVID-19 and Internet Game Addiction: A Moderated Multiple Mediation Model. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:675. [PMID: 39199071 PMCID: PMC11351735 DOI: 10.3390/bs14080675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak has profoundly affected the psychological well-being of university students globally. Previous studies have found a positive longitudinal link between fear of COVID-19 (FoC-19) and internet addiction. However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding COVID-19-specific predictors and underlying mechanisms of internet gaming addiction (IGA). METHODS Integrating the compensatory internet use theory and social role theory as frameworks, a three-wave longitudinal approach was used in this study to test the hypothesized model. Data spanning a duration of one year were gathered from undergraduate students in China. From 2021 to 2022, we conducted online self-report surveys in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic to obtain participants' levels of FoC-19, loneliness, depressive symptoms, and IGA. RESULTS FoC-19 showed a longitudinal positive relationship with IGA. The longitudinal link between FoC-19 and IGA was mediated by loneliness and depression. Gender moderated the direct effect of FoC-19 on IGA, with this effect being significant only among male students and not among their female counterparts. CONCLUSION These findings advance our comprehension of the mechanisms and gender differences underlying the link between FoC-19 and IGA, and provide a novel perspective for interventions to reduce IGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; (Q.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Bin Gao
- School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; (Q.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Yuedong Wu
- Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Bo Ning
- Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yufei Xu
- School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; (Q.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Fuyou Zhang
- School of Marxism, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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Chen Y, Fang N, Zhu Y, Li Z, Zhu Q. Does exercise adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic contribute to improved subjective well-being? A cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1448827. [PMID: 39144605 PMCID: PMC11322335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1448827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to investigate whether exercise adherence and positive mental character significantly affect subjective well-being among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether positive mental character plays a mediating role. Methods The study employed questionnaires, including the Exercise Adherence Scale, the Positive Mental Character Scale, and the Subjective Well-Being Scale, which were administered to students across seven universities in Henan Province, China. A total of 1,001 participants were analyzed in the final sample. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive statistics, independent samples T-test, correlation, and regression analyses. Furthermore, structural equation model with AMOS was conducted to examine the potential mediating effect of positive mental characteristics on the relationship between exercise adherence and subjective well-being. Results The results indicated significant differences in exercise adherence, positive mental character, and subjective well-being between male and female participants, with males scoring higher in all three domains. Among Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant correlation among exercise adherence, positive mental character, and subjective well-being. Exercise adherence was found to have a significant and positive impact on both positive mental character and subjective well-being. Additionally, it was found that positive mental character had a significant positive association with subjective well-being. The mediating role of positive mental character in the relationship between exercise adherence and subjective well-being was partially supported. Discussion Exercise adherence among Chinese college students had a significant positive association on both positive mental character and subjective well-being throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The exercise adherence can directly or indirectly enhance subjective well-being through its association with positive mental character. Therefore, positive mental and subjective well-being can be enhanced by consistent physical activity even during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Marine Sports, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ning Fang
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yulong Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiuhan Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sarman A, Tuncay S. Have the effects of Covid-19 been overcome? Levels of Covid-19 fear, Covid-19 anxiety and hopelessness in young adolescents: A structural equation modeling. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2024; 37:e12458. [PMID: 38488185 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aimed to determine the level of fear, anxiety, and hopelessness of Covid-19 in young adolescents' post Covid-19 period. DESIGN AND SAMPLES Young adolescents in the 17-24 age group were included in this study, which was conducted in a descriptive-cross-sectional design. MEASUREMENTS Sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire form and Coronavirus (Covid-19) Fear Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used to collect data. RESULTS 90.8% of the participants had been vaccinated, 26.9% had previously caught in Covid-19, and 10.3% of those who had been caught in the disease had a severe course. 10.7% of young adolescents had to take medicines, 56.4% had a family history of Covid-19, and 18.7% had lost a relative as a result of Covid-19, was found. The level of fear, anxiety and hopelessness was higher among women, first-grade students, those who did not receive the Covid-19 vaccine, those who have caught in Covid-19 before, and those who have lost a family due to Covid-19. CONCLUSION It is thought that the increase in the awareness level of young adolescents about Covid-19 improves preventive health behaviors and enables the development of positive behaviors related to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Sarman
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Suat Tuncay
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Bingöl, Turkey
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Kozina A. Anxiety in a COVID-19 school year context: three-way longitudinal study on Slovenian adolescent sample. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:318-333. [PMID: 38049932 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2269858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We investigated the trajectories of anxiety, general anxiety and more specifically COVID-19 anxiety in the period of school closure in Slovenia using a longitudinal design with three time points: at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the school year. DESIGN AND METHODS We have used data from a representative adolescent sample for Slovenia (n = 1233) and two anxiety scales: the LAOM Anxiety Scale and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale. The findings from latent growth curve models show a significant difference in initial levels and a decrease in both types of anxiety as well as an interaction effect between the initial level and the rate of change of COVID-19 anxiety. In addition to investigating the change in time, we were interested in covariates. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The findings show significant effects of: (a) gender, school level and academic achievement on initial levels of COVID-19 anxiety; (b) gender and school level on initial levels of anxiety; (c) gender on the rate of change in anxiety; (d) academic achievement on the rate of change in COVID-19 anxiety; and, additionally, (e) the significant but different role that school belongingness plays in anxiety and in particular COVID-19 anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kozina
- Educational Research Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Wang CX, Kohli R, Olaker VR, Terebuh P, Xu R, Kaelber DC, Davis PB. Risk for diagnosis or treatment of mood or anxiety disorders in adults after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2020-2022. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1350-1360. [PMID: 38238547 PMCID: PMC11189805 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 is associated with increased risks for mood or anxiety disorders, but it remains uncertain how the association evolves over time or which patient groups are most affected. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide database of electronic health records to determine the risk of depressive or anxiety disorder diagnoses after SARS-CoV-2 infection by 3-month blocks from January 2020 to April 2022. The study population comprised 822,756 patients (51.8% female; mean age 42.8 years) with COVID-19 and 2,034,353 patients with other respiratory tract infections (RTIs) (53.5% female, mean age 30.6 years). First time diagnoses of depressive or anxiety disorders 14 days to 3 months after infection, as well as new or new plus recurrent prescriptions of antidepressants or anxiolytics, were compared between propensity score matched cohorts using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, including hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Risk of a new diagnosis or prescription was also stratified by age, sex, and race to better characterize which groups were most affected. In the first three months of the pandemic, patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 had significantly increased risk of depression or anxiety disorder diagnosis (HR 1.65 [95% CI, 1.30-2.08]). October 2021 to January 2022 (HR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.06-1.18]) and January to April 2022 (HR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.01-1.14]). Similar temporal patterns were observed for antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions, when the control group was patients with bone fracture, when anxiety and depressive disorders were considered separately, when recurrent depressive disorder was tested, and when the test period was extended to 6 months. COVID-19 patients ≥65 years old demonstrated greatest absolute risk at the start of the pandemic (6.8%), which remained consistently higher throughout the study period (HR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.13-1.27]), and overall, women with COVID-19 had greater risk than men (HR 1.35 [95% CI 1.30-1.40]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina X Wang
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rhea Kohli
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Veronica R Olaker
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pauline Terebuh
- Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David C Kaelber
- The Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Education and the Departments of Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pamela B Davis
- Center for Community Health Integration, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Sun Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Wu Y. Cognition, affect, and behavioural changes among university students after 10 new guidelines were issued in China: An exploratory study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29704. [PMID: 38681636 PMCID: PMC11053179 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Since late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has become a common public health concern globally. China has entered a new phase of prevention and control with the implementation of the 10 new guidelines epidemic prevention policy in early December 2022. The resurgence of the outbreak may cause negative consequences on the behaviour of university students. This study aimed to assess the relationship between cognition, affect, and behavioural changes among university students and the related influencing factors after 10 new guidelines were issued, as well as the difficulties or concerns encountered in the current epidemic prevention process. It also provides a reference for the government to formulate targeted epidemic prevention strategies. Methods This study is a cross-sectional investigation. Self-designed questionnaires were distributed to students of a university in Hangzhou between December 25, 2022, and March 13, 2023, using convenience and snowball sampling methods for online surveys. Data analysis involved descriptive analysis, non-parametric tests, correlation, multiple linear regression, and content analyses. Results University students had a moderate to high level of cognition about COVID-19 and a medium level of affect. However, the level of behavioural changes was low and the average score was 2.33 (2.00, 3.00). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that female sex, higher grade, medical specialty, affective factor, and cognitive factor were influencing factors of behavioural changes, which accounted for 35.7% of the variance in behavioural change. Difficulties or concerns included apprehension (84.8%), lack of information (39.3%), and uncertainty about the future (55.1%). Conclusions The prevention behaviour of university students has slackened. Evidence-based tailored policy development is indicated. This study suggested that schools and the government can improve the effectiveness of epidemic prevention among university students by adjusting the strategy of epidemic prevention policy formulation, broadening the channels of epidemic prevention information dissemination, and improving the mechanism of "government-community-school-family" collaborative governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yibao Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhong Wu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Al-Mohannadi AS, Farooq A, Salman A, Ghram A, Al-Harahsheh ST, Majed L, Sayegh S, Cardinale M. The effects of the first wave of COVID-19 restrictions on physical activity: a longitudinal study from "step into health" program in Qatar. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333546. [PMID: 38510355 PMCID: PMC10951068 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic led to restrictions that prevented physical activity in public places. This study sought to conduct a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of how lockdown policies in an Arabian Gulf country influenced the patterns of physical activity during first wave. Methods In a longitudinal study design, members of the ongoing "Step into health" community-based health promotion program who provided valid pedometer data from January to August 2020, covering pre, during and post-covid first wave period met the inclusion criteria. Results 420 (76.7% men, 13.8% ≤40 years) were included in the study. Overall, significant decline in daily step counts was recorded (-1,130 ± SE302) after the implementation of lockdown policies (p < 0.001). When the restrictions were removed, the steps per day were still lower compared to pre-covid for men (-910 ± SE610, p = 0.017) and among individuals with normal BMI (-1,304 ± SE409, p = 0.004). The lockdown in Qatar did not significantly affect women and individuals with obesity who already had lower daily steps pre-covid. Discussion The present study confirms immediate decline in daily steps imposed indirectly through the COVID-19 lockdown measures. Participants with higher physical activity levels pre-covid experienced significant decline in step count during and even after restrictions were uplifted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulaziz Farooq
- Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Research and Scientific Support, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Department of Public Health Practice, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amine Ghram
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Research Laboratory "Heart Failure, LR12SP09", Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (Hl-Pivot) Network, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Lina Majed
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suzan Sayegh
- Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco Cardinale
- Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Research and Scientific Support, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Targeted Intervention, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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13
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Wang PW, Chang YP, Tsai CS, Yen CF. Predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms among lesbian, gay and bisexual young adult individuals experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic: A four-year follow-up study. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00138-4. [PMID: 38423925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Depressive and anxiety symptoms were common among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. This 4-year follow-up study was conducted to investigate the predictors of depressive and anxiety symptoms in Taiwan's young adult LGB population. METHODS Baseline data, including depressive and anxiety symptoms, demographic characteristics, sexual stigma, self-identity confusion, and family support were collected from 1000 LGB individuals. The participants' depressive and anxiety symptoms were reassessed 4 years after the baseline measurements. The predictive effects of the baseline factors on depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow-up were examined through linear regression analysis. RESULTS Greater lack of identity, unconsolidated identity, sexual orientation microaggression, and lower perceived family function at baseline were significantly associated with more severe depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow-up. After adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms, being men, greater lack of identity, lower perceived family function, and more severe anxiety symptoms at baseline were significantly associated with more severe depressive symptoms at follow-up. After adjustment for baseline anxiety symptoms, greater unconsolidated identity and more severe depressive symptoms at baseline were significantly associated with more severe anxiety symptoms at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Intervention aimed at reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in LGB individuals should be developed considering the predictors identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Chang
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Shu Tsai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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14
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Omale UI, Uduma VU, Adeke AS, Ikegwuonu CO, Nkwo GE, Nwali UI, Nnachi OO, Ukpabi OO, Okeke IM, Ewah RL, Iyare O, Oka OU, Amuzie CI. COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination experiences and perceptions and their predictors among community members during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:567. [PMID: 38388448 PMCID: PMC10885597 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is still a disease of global public health importance which requires long term application of control measures as millions of new infections or re-infections and thousands of related deaths still occur worldwide and the risk of an upsurge from new strains of the virus continues to be a threat. The decrease in the use of and non-use of preventive public health measures are among the factors fuelling the disease. The (previous) experiences and perceptions of people regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination, and the vaccination process are factors that will influence subsequent use of preventive/control measures. We explored the COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination and the vaccination process experiences and perceptions, and their predictors, among the community members in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. METHODS We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between March 12 and May 9, 2022 among all consenting/assenting community members aged 15 years and above in 28 randomly selected geographical clusters. A structured interviewer-administered electronic questionnaire in KoBoCollect installed in android devices was used to collect data which was analysed using descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Of the 10,825 community members surveyed: only 31.6% had strong COVID-19 experience and perception, 72.2% had good COVID-19 vaccination expectation and perception, and only 54.2% had positive COVID-19 vaccination process experience and perception. The most important predictors of the extent/level of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination and the vaccination process experiences and perceptions were level of attitude towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination and level of knowledge about COVID-19. Other important predictors were marital status, educational level, and main occupation. CONCLUSIONS This study's evidence, including the identified predictors, will inform subsequent policy actions regarding COVID-19 in the strategies to improve the COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination and the vaccination process experiences and perceptions of community members (and their use of preventive/control measures) in Ebonyi state and Nigeria, and other similar contexts. It will also inform future policy actions/strategies regarding similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugwu I Omale
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - Victor U Uduma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Azuka S Adeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Cordis O Ikegwuonu
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Glory E Nkwo
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Ugochi Ia Nwali
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Olaedo O Nnachi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Okechukwu O Ukpabi
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeyinwa M Okeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Richard L Ewah
- Department of Anaesthesia, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Anaesthesia Unit, Department of Surgery, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Osarhiemen Iyare
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Onyinyechukwu U Oka
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chidinma I Amuzie
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria
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15
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Farhang M, Álvarez-Aguado I, Celis Correa J, Toffoletto MC, Rosello-Peñaloza M, Miranda-Castillo C. Effects of Anxiety, Stress and Perceived Social Support on Depression and Loneliness Among Older People During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Path Analysis. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241273187. [PMID: 39229739 PMCID: PMC11375662 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241273187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people were exposed to high levels of anxiety and stress leading to loneliness and depressive disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of anxiety, positive coping, perceived social support, and perceived stress on depression and loneliness among older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional online/telephone survey. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used. Participants were 112 people aged 60 years and above, without cognitive impairment, who experienced confinement (from March 2020 onward) and had access to the internet or telephone. A path analysis model showed a direct significant effect of anxiety on both, depression (β = .68, P < .001) and perceived stress (β = .65, P < .001), as well as an indirect effect of anxiety on loneliness via perceived stress (β = .65) * (β = .40); and social support (β = -.21) * (β = -.20). The model showed adequate fit χ2(df = 4) =5.972, P = .201; RMSEA = 0.066 (0.000, 0.169), CFI = 0.992; TLI = 0.970. Anxiety had a significant effect on depressive symptoms as well as on loneliness via perceived social support and perceived stress. According to our findings, in order to reduce depressive symptoms and perceived loneliness, it is essential to develop timely interventions that decrease levels of anxiety and stress and increase levels of perceived social support in older people, particularly when there are any restrictions, physical or contextual, that prevent face-to-face contact. This can be achieved by implementing preventive community-based programs, enhancing accessibility to mental health services, and collaborating with local support groups, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farhang
- Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Care Research (MICARE), Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile
- Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile
| | - Izaskun Álvarez-Aguado
- Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Care Research (MICARE), Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Miranda-Castillo
- Millennium Institute for Care Research (MICARE), Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Schröder D, Schmachtenberg T, Heinemann S, Müllenmeister C, Roder S, El-Sayed I, Heesen G, Königs G, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Hummers E, Mikuteit M, Dopfer C, Grewendorf S, Niewolik J, Steffens S, Doze V, Klawonn F, Müller F. Parenting and Gender as Impact Factors for Social Participation, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in Long COVID. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241255592. [PMID: 38805375 PMCID: PMC11135092 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241255592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the impact of gender and parental tasks on social participation, health-related quality of life (hrQoL), and mental health in persons with long COVID. METHODS A mixed-methods approach was followed including a cross-sectional web-based survey and semi-structured interviews. Multivariable linear regressions were used to quantify the effect of gender and parenting tasks on social participation, hrQoL, and mental health. Qualitative data from interviews with participants experiencing long COVID symptoms was analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Data from 920 participants in the quantitative study and 25 participants in the qualitative study was analyzed. Parenting tasks were associated with increased impairments in family and domestic responsibilities in persons with long COVID compared to lower impairments in persons without long COVID (P = .02). The qualitative data indicate that coping with long COVID and pursuing parenting tasks limit participants' ability to perform leisure activities and attend social gatherings. In long COVID, men had higher anxiety symptoms than women, and in those without long COVID, the opposite was observed (P < .001). In the qualitative study, participants expressed feelings of dejection and pessimism about their future private, occupational, and health situations. No differences between the genders could be observed. CONCLUSIONS Long COVID is associated with impairments in family and domestic responsibilities in individuals who have parenting tasks. Among participants with long COVID, anxiety symptoms are higher in men than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schröder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Schmachtenberg
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Heinemann
- Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Sascha Roder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Social Work, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Iman El-Sayed
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gloria Heesen
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gloria Königs
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eva Hummers
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie Mikuteit
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Dopfer
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Simon Grewendorf
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Niewolik
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Steffens
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Valerie Doze
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
- Biostatistics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
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17
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Coronado-Vázquez V, Ramírez-Durán MDV, Barrio-Cortes J, Benito-Alonso E, Holgado-Juan M, Dorado-Rabaneda MS, Gómez-Salgado J. The Influence of Socioeconomic and Educational Factors on the Level of Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:99. [PMID: 38201005 PMCID: PMC10778703 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were reports of heightened levels of anxiety and fear of contagion in the general population. Such psychological responses may be influenced by the socio-environmental context in which individuals reside. This study aimed to examine the relationship between socioeconomic and educational factors and the level of anxiety and fear related to COVID-19. A multicenter, cross-sectional design was used, including patients aged 18 years or older who attended primary care physician consultations at various primary health centers in Toledo, Spain, between October 2020 and January 2021. By means of a non-probabilistic sampling, a total of 150 participants were selected for the study, with 146 of them providing responses to the AMICO questionnaire The level of fear and anxiety associated with COVID-19 was assessed using the validated Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19 Assessment Scale (AMICO). A significant linear relationship was revealed between social class, employment status, and anxiety levels. Specifically, as social class decreased (p = 0.001) and employment situation worsened (unemployment) (p = 0.037), the proportion of participants reporting a high level of anxiety increased. During the second phase of the pandemic, more than half of the patients attending family medicine consultations exhibited a high level of fear and anxiety towards COVID-19, which was significantly associated with lower social class and unemployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valle Coronado-Vázquez
- Las Cortes Health Centre, Madrid Health Service, 28014 Madrid, Spain
- Investigacion facultad de Medicina, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Barrio-Cortes
- Fundación para la Investigación e Innovación Biosanitaria en Atención Primaria (FIIBAP), 28003 Madrid, Spain;
- Faculty of Health, Universidad Camilo José Cela, 28013 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Benito-Alonso
- El Viso de San Juan Health Centre, Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha, 45215 Toledo, Spain
| | - Marina Holgado-Juan
- Illescas Health Centre, Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha, 45200 Illescas, Spain
| | | | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
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18
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Preis H, Wang W, St. Denis I, Zhu W, Mahaffey B, Lobel M. Anxiety trajectories from pregnancy to one-year postpartum and their contributors during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38111259 PMCID: PMC11182884 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2293914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety in the peripartum period (pregnancy through one-year postpartum) has negative impacts on mothers and infants. During the COVID-19 pandemic, high rates of anxiety were reported worldwide, but trajectories for how these symptoms change longitudinally in the peripartum period remain unknown. METHODS A total of 1,411 women who were pregnant during the second U.S. COVID-19 surge completed four study questionnaires between December 2020 and March 2022, including assessments of anxiety symptoms (GAD-7) and individual and community-level contributors. Latent Class Growth Mixture Models (LCGMM) were used to identify anxiety trajectories, and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify contributors to class membership. RESULTS Three classes of anxiety symptom trajectories were identified. Class 1 (n = 956, 67.8%) experienced minimal/mild anxiety throughout the peripartum period. Class 2 (n = 362, 25.7%) experienced initial moderate anxiety that remained stable. Class 3 (n = 93, 6.6%) experienced initial moderate anxiety that increased to severe in the postpartum period. Stress and history of mental health diagnosis contributed to higher initial levels of anxiety and ongoing social support contributed to lower levels of anxiety. In addition, financial insecurity increased the risk of belonging to Class 3. CONCLUSIONS Screening for anxiety symptoms and psychosocial vulnerabilities in the peripartum period is vital, as is early intervention. This is especially the case among women with limited financial and social resources who may experience chronic or worsening anxiety as they transition to parenthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Preis
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University
| | - Weihao Wang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University
| | | | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University
| | - Brittain Mahaffey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University
| | - Marci Lobel
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University
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Song YY, Xu L, Liu D, Feng M, Yang C, Jiang Y, Wu Y. Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Their Associated Factors Among Chinese Residents After the Lifting of the Dynamic Zero-COVID Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5921-5934. [PMID: 38106974 PMCID: PMC10725747 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s442093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose China lifted its strict zero-Covid approach on December 7, 2022. This study aimed to investigate depression and anxiety symptoms and their associations among Chinese residents after the change in public policy. Methods A cross-sectional sample of 925 Chinese residents (726 females and 199 males) was recruited using convenience and snowball sampling approach between 16 and 25 December 2022. Participants completed online questionnaires on basic information, depression, anxiety, COVID-19 related perceptions, and protective behaviors change. Results Mild and moderate-to-severe depression symptoms were reported by 35.6% and 19.1% of participants, respectively. Nearly 40% of participants reported mild anxiety and 18.7% reported moderate-to-severe anxiety. Results from multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that male gender, younger age, the presence of chronic disease, poorer self-rated mental health status, perceived impact, and worry were risk factors for both depression and anxiety, while higher education and protective behaviors change were protective factors. Besides, living with or caring for children (4-6 years), family members or other housemates currently with influenza-like symptoms, and perceived severity were also risk factors for depression. Conclusion Our findings provided initial evidence that Chinese residents may face heightened depression and anxiety during the early stage after the policy was released. Furthermore, we identified some vulnerable populations in need of prioritizing mental health assistance and some potentially modifiable factors associated with depression and anxiety, which provides an important guide for developing timely and effective psychological interventions and preparing for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Nursing/Evidence-Based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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20
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de Paula AJ, Condeles PC, da Silva JA, dos Santos LM, Fonseca LMM, Ruiz MT, Wernet M. Fear of COVID-19 when experiencing pregnancy or childbirth in the pandemic: what are the associated factors? Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76Suppl 2:e20220755. [PMID: 38088656 PMCID: PMC10704700 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify factors associated with fear of COVID-19 among women who experienced pregnancy or childbirth during the pandemic. METHODS a cross-sectional study, nested within a prospective cohort, using an online survey, from August 2021 to February 2022, based on descriptive data analysis. RESULTS of the 431 participants, 52.8% were postpartum women and 20.1% were pregnant women. With regard to fear of COVID-19, a mean score of 20.46 was obtained (moderate fear). The highest fear scores were present in women whose newborns were admitted to hospital in neonatal critical units (p=0.032), and the lowest among those covered by supplementary health (insurance) (p=0.016). CONCLUSION among pregnant and postpartum women, high fear of COVID-19 translated into the possibility of having newborns admitted to hospital in a critical unit. The importance of supporting actions to support pregnant/postpartum women's mental health in relation to COVID-19 or other threats that may influence the neonatal outcome stands out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Júlia de Paula
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Monika Wernet
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos. São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Keskin G, Gümüşsoy S, Taşdemir Yiğitoğlu G. Spouses' coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: is there a difference between male and female attitudes? Women Health 2023; 63:801-817. [PMID: 37876322 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2023.2272205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive study was conducted to determine the stress-coping status of spouses and the difference between male and female attitudes during the pandemic period. We collected data with the Personal Information Form and the Scale for Coping with Family Stressors from 533 participants. The mean age of women and men was 36.04 ± 10.04 and 37.13 ± 11.56, respectively. A significant difference in verbalizing with others, work - family segmentation, cognitive restructuring, changing behaviors, emotional disclosure, exercise, and spending more time with family was found between women and men (p < .05). A significant difference was also observed in coping mechanisms with family stressors between women and men, and thus, gender affects their coping attitudes. During crises such as pandemics, the community should be aware of the availability of mental health professionals, and spouses should also use effective coping methods with family stress at regular intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülseren Keskin
- Ege University Atatürk Medical Vocational Training School, İzmír, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Gümüşsoy
- Ege University Atatürk Medical Vocational Training School, İzmír, Turkey
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Jung E, Jung YE, Kim MD. Factors Affecting Fear of COVID-19 Infection in Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Dedicated Teams: Focus on Professional Quality of Life. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e366. [PMID: 37935169 PMCID: PMC10627728 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined factors related to high fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) in COVID-19 dedicated teams. We assigned 371 HCWs to low, medium, and high COVID-19 infection fear groups, and investigated factors associated with COVID-19 infection fear. High COVID-19 infection fear was significantly associated with being a woman and poor professional quality of life. High COVID-19 infection fear group had higher burnout levels and secondary traumatic stress scores than the low and medium fear groups. These findings deepen our understanding of risk factors for and psychological outcomes of COVID-19 infection fear in HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulji Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.
| | - Moon-Doo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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23
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Rivera-Calcina R, Vilca LW, Carbajal-León C, Valencia PD, Yupanqui-Lorenzo DE, Arias Gallegos WL, Reyes-Bossio M, Oré-Kovacs N, Rojas-Jara C, Gallegos M, Polanco-Carrasco R, Cervigni M, Martino P, Lobos-Rivera ME, Moreta-Herrera R, Palacios Segura DA, Samaniego-Pinho A, Figares AB, Puerta-Cortés DX, Camargo A, Torales J, Monge Blanco JA, González P, Smith-Castro V, Petzold-Rodriguez O, Calderón R, Matute Rivera WY, Ferrufino-Borja D, Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia A, Palacios J, Burgos-Videla C, Eduviges Florez León AM, Vergara I, Vega D, Noe-Grijalva M, Shulmeyer MK, Urrutia Rios HT, Lira Lira AE, Lee SA. Assessment of Obsessive Thoughts About COVID-19 in 7 Latin American Countries: Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Obsession With COVID-19 Scale. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231210148. [PMID: 37883293 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231210148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) among seven Latin American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Although the OCS has been used in several countries and languages, there is a need for approaches that better integrate the cross-cultural equivalence of the scale. A total of 3185 people participated in the study. The results indicated the presence of a unidimensional structure and good reliability indices for the OCS in each country. The alignment method indicated that the OCS is an invariant measure of COVID-19 obsession among the populations of seven Latin American countries. The findings based on IRT analysis indicated that all OCS items had adequate discrimination and difficulty parameters. The findings contribute to the understanding of the internal structure of the scale in different countries at the same time, something that has been pending evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Pablo D Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlanepantla de Baz, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Nicol Oré-Kovacs
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudio Rojas-Jara
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud. Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Miguel Gallegos
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud. Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Psicologia. Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Salud y Del Comportamiento. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | | | - Mauricio Cervigni
- Centro de Investigación en Neurociencias de Rosario, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martino
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ciencias Del Comportamiento (LICIC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Antonio Samaniego-Pinho
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Andrés Camargo
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria Del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio Torales
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | | | - Pedronel González
- Universidad Jesús de Nazareth, Honduras
- Asociación Hondueña de Intervención en Crisis y Salud Mental, Honduras
| | - Vanessa Smith-Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | | | - Raymundo Calderón
- Colegio Estatal de Psicólogos en Intervención de Jalisco A.C. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Daniela Ferrufino-Borja
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de La Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Agueda Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia
- Vicerrectorado de investigación, Escuela de Postgrado, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Jorge Palacios
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Valle de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Carmen Burgos-Videla
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Educación, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | | | - Ibeth Vergara
- Asociación Panameña de Psicólogos, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Latina de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Diego Vega
- Escuela de Psicologia, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Marion K Shulmeyer
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de La Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | | | | | - Sherman A Lee
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
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Morawa E, Adler W, Schug C, Geiser F, Beschoner P, Jerg-Bretzke L, Albus C, Weidner K, Baranowski AM, Erim Y. Depressive and anxiety symptoms in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians in hospitals: results of the longitudinal, multicenter VOICE-EgePan survey over two years. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:327. [PMID: 37817222 PMCID: PMC10566070 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This longitudinal, multicenter web-based study explored the trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians over two years. METHODS At four measurement points between 4/2020 and 5/2022 depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire-2, PHQ-2) and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2, GAD-2) among physicians in German hospitals were assessed. Time, gender and age effects were analyzed with linear mixed regression models. Comparisons with norm values for the German population during the COVID-19 pandemic were also performed and frequencies of probable depression and anxiety are reported. RESULTS The physicians (N = 340) showed a significant increase of depressive symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.33) to T4 (M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) (p < .001) and of anxiety symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.42) to T2 (M = 1.59, SD = 1.43) (p = .024). The main effect of gender was only significant for anxiety symptoms (p = .001): women demonstrated higher scores than men. A significant age class difference was observed only for depressive symptoms: the youngest age group (18-40 years) revealed higher values than the oldest group (> 50 years, p = .003). As compared to the general population, the physicians reported significantly elevated PHQ-2 (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.33; T2: M = 1.53, SD = 1.37; T3: M = 1.55, SD = 1.40; T4: M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) and GAD-2 scores (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.42; T2: M = 1.59, SD = 1.43; T3: M = 1.61, SD = 1.57; T4: M = 1.49, SD = 1.46) for all measurement points (all p < .001). The frequencies of probable depression (PHQ-2 ≥ 3) and anxiety (GAD-2 ≥ 3) were: 14.1% and 17.0% (T1), 16.5% and 21.9% (T2), 17.8% and 22.6% (T3) and 18.5% and 17.3% (T4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Mental distress of physicians in German hospitals has increased in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic with gender and age-related differences. Possible causes should be explored and regular monitoring of mental health and prevention programmes for physicians should be established. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on ClinicalTrials (DRKS-ID: DRKS00021268) on 9.4.2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany.
| | - Werner Adler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caterina Schug
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Franziska Geiser
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Beschoner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lucia Jerg-Bretzke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Albus
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas M Baranowski
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
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25
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Shalev-Antsel T, Winocur-Arias O, Friedman-Rubin P, Naim G, Keren L, Eli I, Emodi-Perlman A. The continuous adverse impact of COVID-19 on temporomandibular disorders and bruxism: comparison of pre- during- and post-pandemic time periods. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:716. [PMID: 37794398 PMCID: PMC10552226 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some of the conditions affected by the COVID-19 pandemic were Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and bruxism. The present study compares the effect of the pandemic on TMD and bruxism (sleep and awake) in three time periods: before the pandemic (pre-COV), during the pandemic (during-COV) and after the pandemic subsided (post-COVR). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 587 adult patients (108 in the pre-COV group, 180 in the during-COV group and 252 in the post-COVR group) who arrived for a routine dental treatment between October 2018 and January 2023 were evaluated according to Axis I diagnosis of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Each patient received a DC/TMD Axis I diagnosis as follows: (i) Painful TMD (defined by the presence of at least one of the following - local myalgia, myofascial pain with referral, arthralgia or headache attributed to TMD); (ii) Non painful TMD (defined by the presence of disc displacement with/without reduction, degenerative joint disorders and/or dislocation), (iii) Possible sleep bruxism (SB) and/or (iv) Possible awake bruxism (AB). STATISTICAL METHODS Logistic regression analyses were conducted to establish the impact of time and gender on the prospects of painful TMD, non-painful TMD, SB and AB. RESULTS The odds of subjects to be diagnosed with painful TMD at the post-COVR era were 3.3 times higher compared to the pre-pandemic time period (pre-COV, 95% C.I. 1.438-7.585). The odds of subjects to be diagnosed with non-painful TMD during-COV were 4 times higher compared to the pre-COV era (95% C.I. 1.332-12.542). The odds of subjects to present possible SB at post-COVR were 2.7 times higher compared to pre-pandemic (pre-COV, 95% C.I. 1.258-5.889, p < 0.05) and the odds to present possible AB after the pandemic subsided (post-COVR) were 3.2 times compared to the pre-pandemic period (95% C.I. 1.496-6.949). The odds of female subjects to be diagnosed with either painful or non-painful TMD were 3.7-4.4 times higher, compared to males. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that with regard to TMD and bruxism the pandemic adverse effects persist also after COVID-19 subsides and the restrictions caused by it are abolished. Apparently, during the pandemic females were affected more seriously by painful and non-painful TMD than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Shalev-Antsel
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Orit Winocur-Arias
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Pessia Friedman-Rubin
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Guy Naim
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Lihi Keren
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Ilana Eli
- The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel
| | - Alona Emodi-Perlman
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6139001, Israel.
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26
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van der Velden PG, Contino C, de Vroege L, Das M, Bosmans M, Zijlmans J. The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms (ADS), persistent and chronic ADS among the adult general population and specific subgroups before and during the COVID-19 pandemic until December 2021. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:393-401. [PMID: 37364654 PMCID: PMC10290740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear to what extent the prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety and depression symptoms (ADS) is higher during the first 20 months after the COVID-19 outbreak than before the outbreak. The same holds for persistent and chronic ADS among the adult general population and subgroups (such as employed, minorities, young adults, work disabled). METHODS Data were extracted from six surveys conducted with the Dutch longitudinal LISS panel, based on a traditional probability sample (N = 3493). Biographic characteristics and ADS (MHI-5 scores) were assessed in March-April 2019, November-December 2019, March-April 2020, November-December 2020, March-April 2021, and November-December 2021. Generalized estimating equations were conducted to examine differences in the prevalence of post-outbreak ADS, persistent and chronic ADS compared to the pre-outbreak prevalence in similar periods. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing was applied. RESULTS Among the general population chronic moderate ADS increased significantly but slightly in the period March-April 2020 to March-April 2021 compared to a similar period before the pandemic (11.9 % versus 10.9 %, Odds Ratio = 1.11). In the same period a somewhat larger significant increase in chronic moderate ADS was observed among 19-24 years old respondents (21.4 % versus 16.7 %, Odds Ratio = 1.35). After the Benjamini-Hochberg correction several other differences were no longer significant. LIMITATIONS No other mental health problems were assessed. CONCLUSIONS The Dutch general population and most of the assessed subgroups were relatively resilient given the limited increase or absence of increases in (persistent and chronic) ADS. However, young adults suffered from an increase of chronic ADS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G van der Velden
- Centerdata, Tilburg, the Netherlands; TRANZO, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Lars de Vroege
- TRANZO, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands; GGz Breburg, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Das
- Centerdata, Tilburg, the Netherlands; Tilburg School of Economics and Management, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | | | - Josjan Zijlmans
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Lo Destro C, Costa A. Effects of Locomotion Regulatory Mode on COVID-19 Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Resilience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6533. [PMID: 37569073 PMCID: PMC10418419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a significant impact on mental health globally. The uncertainty, fear, and stress associated with this crisis have contributed to a heightened prevalence of anxiety, depression, and various other mental health disorders. In this scenario, the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between locomotion regulatory mode, resilience, and COVID-19 anxiety. It is worth noting that previous extensive research has established a significant correlation between high levels of locomotion and diverse positive psychological conditions, such as optimism, reduced hopelessness, and a positive effect. A total of 243 participants completed measures of locomotion regulatory mode, resilience, and COVID-19 anxiety. In line with our hypotheses, individuals' locomotion regulatory mode was negatively, although non-significatively, associated with COVID-19 anxiety. Furthermore, resilience was found to mediate the relationship between the locomotion regulatory mode and COVID-19 anxiety, indicating that individuals displaying high locomotion may be better equipped to cope with the stress and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic due to their greater levels of resilience. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of considering both locomotion and resilience in managing anxiety related to COVID-19, and suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing resilience may be particularly beneficial for individuals with a low locomotion regulatory mode.
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28
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Lasota A. Crisis Experience and Purpose in Life in Men and Women: The Mediating Effect of Gratitude and Fear of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6490. [PMID: 37569030 PMCID: PMC10418392 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated whether gratitude and fear of COVID-19 mediated the relationship between crisis experience during the pandemic and purpose in life in men and women. METHODS Six hundred and five participants aged between 18 and 60 years (M = 25.6; SD = 8.39) completed the Gratitude, Resentment, and Appreciation Scale-Short Form (GRAT-S), Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Purpose in Life Test (PIL). In addition, the respondents were questioned about life crises during the previous six months (e.g., the death of a loved one or illness). RESULTS Men and women differed in their endorsement of gratitude or fear of COVID-19 as a mediator. Women's experiences of the crisis related both directly and indirectly to purpose in life, with gratitude and fear of COVID-19 mediating this relationship. In men, only the indirect path, from crisis experience, through gratitude, to purpose in life, turned out to be significant. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that coping styles differ in men and women and, as a consequence, that crisis interventions need to take gender into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lasota
- Institute of Psychology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Krakow, Poland
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29
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Alexandrou R, Kyprianidou M, Photiou G, Kassianos AP, Giannakou K. Factors associated with perceived fear of future pandemics and/or epidemics: a cross-sectional study in Cyprus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12194. [PMID: 37500807 PMCID: PMC10374585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to understand the levels of fear experienced by individuals regarding future pandemics and/or epidemics among the general population of Cyprus and comprehensively examine the diverse factors that influence this perceived fear. The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1st, 2022, to February 19th, 2023. A proportionate quota sampling method was used for the recruitment, by recruiting a fixed number of participants from each age group, sex, and place of residence. The study collected information on sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, health literacy, trust, COVID-19 vaccination information, and perceived fear of future epidemics and/or pandemics using a self-administered questionnaire. The survey included 1075 participants, with 53.7% of them reporting fear of future pandemics. Logistic regression analysis revealed that women (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.78, 3.16) and individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.02, 2.43) were significantly more likely to experience fear of future pandemics. Moreover, higher levels of trust (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02, 1.06) and higher health literacy (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03, 1.08) were associated with an increased likelihood of fearing future pandemics. Conversely, unemployment (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.13, 0.65) and having a postgraduate education decreased the likelihood of fearing future pandemics (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.34, 0.90). The linear regression model revealed that older age (β = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.14, - 0.05) was negatively associated with a higher score of fear regarding future pandemics. Conversely, being in a vulnerable group (β = 2.02, 95% CI 0.75, 3.28) and having at least one chronic disease (β = 1.76, 95% CI 0.68, 2.84) showed positive associations with increased fear of future epidemics and/or pandemics. The findings emphasize the need for relevant authorities to prioritize mental health and disseminate information in a manner that avoids spreading fear and panic, particularly among vulnerable population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Alexandrou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Kyprianidou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Galatia Photiou
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Angelos P Kassianos
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Konstantinos Giannakou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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30
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Tesfaye AH, Abate K, Kabito GG, Azale T. Perceived occupational stress and associated factors among primary school teachers in the second wave of COVID-19 in Ethiopia: a multicenter cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1156652. [PMID: 37404268 PMCID: PMC10315464 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational stress (OS) is a psychological state that results from people's perceptions of an imbalance between job demands and their abilities to cope with those demands. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the teaching and learning process and compounded the stress level among teachers due to fear of transmission of the virus and school closures or the difficulty with adherence to the COVOD-19 prevention protocol. This survey study therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence of occupational stress and its associated factors among primary school teachers during the second wave of COVID-19 in western Ethiopia. Method An institution-based cross-sectional survey was employed from April to May 2021. The survey was conducted in Gimbi town among all 672 primary school teachers in western Ethiopia. The standardized Teacher Occupational Stress Scale was used to measure occupational stress in the past 4 months. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using Stata version 14 software. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with occupational stress. The statistical significance was considered at a value of p of < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) to evaluate the strength of associations. Results The response rate was 96.8% (N = 651). The majority, 389 (59.8%) of the study participants were males. The mean (±SD) age was 35.8 (±9.3) years. The prevalence of occupational stress in the second wave of COVID-19 in the past 4 months was 50.1% (n = 326) [95% CI (46.1, 53.9)]. Job dissatisfaction [AOR: 2.06, 95% CI (1.43-2.97)] and high-risk perception of COVID-19 infection [AOR: 2.20; 95% CI (1.46-3.31)] were significantly associated with occupational stress. Conclusion This survey disclosed a high prevalence of occupational stress among primary school teachers during the second wave of COVID-19. Job dissatisfaction and a high-risk perception of COVID-19 infection were significant predictors of the occurrence of occupational stress in school teachers. Enhancing stress management skills and focusing on primary prevention of identified risk factors were advised to curtail the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Abate
- West Wellega Zone Labor and Social Affairs Department, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Gebisa Guyasa Kabito
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Telake Azale
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mao Y, Ma W, Kang D, Miao Y, Fu H, Zhang B, Zhang J, Wu J. Fear of COVID-19 among cancer patients in Henan Province, Central China: causes, results, and coping factors. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1122894. [PMID: 37397338 PMCID: PMC10312372 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1122894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cancer patients exhibit fear of COVID-19, which could lead to serious consequences. However, minimal information is available about the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of cancer patients. Therefore, this study aims to examine the fear level of COVID-19 among cancer patients in Henan Province, Central China and to identify its causes, results, and coping factors. Methods An online survey was conducted among 1,067 cancer patients. The participants reported their individual fear level of COVID-19, risk of COVID-19 infection, risk of death from COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination concerns, influence level of COVID-19 pandemic on their disease treatment, loneliness due to COVID-19, economic burden from COVID-19, quality of life, safety behavior, information regarding COVID-19 vaccination, psychological guidance, physical activities, and demographic characteristics. Chi-square and cumulative logistic regression were used to determine the predictors of COVID-19 fear level. Results This study indicates that cancer patients report moderate fear level of COVID-19 in Central China (66.9%). The six cause factors (risk of COVID-19 infection, risk of death from COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination concerns, influence level of COVID-19 pandemic on disease treatment, loneliness due to COVID-19, and economic burden from COVID-19) were positively associated with COVID-19 fear level. Three coping factors (information regarding COVID-19 vaccination, psychological guidance, and physical activities) were negatively associated with COVID-19 fear level. COVID-19 fear level was negatively associated with quality of life and positively associated with safety behavior. Conclusion Our results suggest that governments should improve access to personalized vaccine counseling and psychological guidance by undertaking the responsibility of patients' attending physicians and increasing publicity. Physical activities should be included in the treatment program to help cancer patients better recover their physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Mao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dingding Kang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yudong Miao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hang Fu
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangong Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Shelest-Szumilas O, Wozniak M. The Fears and Hopes of Ukrainian Migrant Workers in Poland in the Pandemic Era. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2023; 24:1-23. [PMID: 37360639 PMCID: PMC10209937 DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many immigrants found themselves in extremely unstable situations. The recent contributions show that employment decline in the first several months of the lockdown was higher for migrant workers than for natives. At the same time, migrants were less likely to find new employment in the recovery months. Such circumstances may result in an increased level of anxiety about one's economic situation. On the other hand, an unfavorable environment may induce resources that could help to overcome it. The paper aims to reveal migrants' concerns together with ambitions connected with the economic activity during the pandemic. The study is based on 30 individual in-depth interviews with Ukrainian migrant workers from Poland. The research approach was based on Natural Language Processing techniques. We employed sentiment analysis algorithms, and on a basis of selected lexicons, we extracted fears and hopes that appear in migrants' narrations. We also identified major topics and associated them with specific sentiments. Pandemic induced several matters connected with e.g., the stability of employment, discrimination, relationships, family, and financial situation. These affairs are usually connected on the basis of a cause-and-effect relationship. In addition, while several topics were common for both male and female participants, some of them were specific for each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Shelest-Szumilas
- Department of Education and Personnel Development, Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poznan, Poland
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Zhang W, Huang L, Xu F, Liu H, Wang G. Impact of campus living conditions on Chinese medical school students' mental health during the COVID-19 campus lockdown: the chain mediating role of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1171425. [PMID: 37265559 PMCID: PMC10229781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1171425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of changes in campus living conditions related to the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical school students' mental health status, to explore the mediating role of emotion regulation strategies, and to provide effective suggestions for promoting medical school students' mental health. Methods A self-report questionnaire, an emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ), and psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health (PQEEPH) were used to interview 998 medical school students who experienced campus lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The mean total PQEEPH score was 3.66 ± 3.06. The degrees of inconvenience in daily life and change in routine and expression suppression as an emotion regulation strategy were significantly positively correlated with all PQEEPH dimensions. Cognitive reappraisal was significantly negatively associated with depression, neurosis, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis (ps < 0.05). Cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression demonstrated a chain mediating role between the degree of inconvenience in life and mental health and between the degree of change in routine and mental health (F = 32.883, 41.051, ps < 0.05). Conclusion Campus lockdown management significantly impacts medical school students' mental health. Extensive use of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression can reduce students' adverse psychological reactions during campus lockdowns to an extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Marxism, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Long Huang
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Fengyun Xu
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Hairong Liu
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Public Health Crisis Management, Wuhu, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Public Health Crisis Management, Wuhu, China
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Pumphrey I, Serventi F, Kahakwa A, Massawe A, Henke AA, Henke O. Impact of COVID-19 on delivery of oncology services in Northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study of community health workers and patients undergoing cancer treatment at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069142. [PMID: 37080627 PMCID: PMC10123862 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain how the COVID-19 pandemic was perceived by oncology patients and community health workers (CHWs) and whether this contributed to disruptions in cancer care. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using (1) structured telephone interviews with patients and (2) structured questionnaires completed by CHWs. SETTING Outpatient and community care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre's Cancer Care Centre (KCMCCCC), Northern Tanzania. PARTICIPANTS 300 oncology patients (158 men and 142 women) who had attended KCMCCCC between January and April 2020 and 78 CHWs (16 men and 62 women) in the KCMC regional palliative care network who conducted home visits to patients with cancer during the period January to April 2020. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES For patients, missed appointments and fear of COVID-19 more than postponement of their treatment. For CHWs, no primary outcome (a broad range of questions on perception of the pandemic were asked). RESULTS 30% of patients said they missed appointments due to the pandemic, the most commonly cited reasons being financial problems (37%) and fear of acquiring COVID-19 infection during travel and/or in the hospital (37%). Only 12.7% of patients said they feared COVID-19 more than postponement of cancer treatment. 88% of CHWs noticed differences in delivering home care since the start of the pandemic, with 58% saying they had noticed more patients dying and 74% saying that more patients were relying on local healers. 31% of CHWs said they feared home visits because of COVID-19 and 46% perceived patients feared home visits due to COVID-19. However, 92% felt home visits should continue. CONCLUSION These results indicated that while there was a significant degree of disruption and fear around the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of patients and CHWs did not fear of COVID-19 more than disruption to cancer care. This highlights the importance to these groups of maintaining access to vital cancer services.
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Affiliation(s)
- India Pumphrey
- Institute for Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Furaha Serventi
- Department of Oncology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Atukuzwe Kahakwa
- Department of Oncology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Anna Massawe
- Department of Oncology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, United Republic of
| | - Antje Annaliese Henke
- Department of Oncology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, United Republic of
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Informatics, Center of Health Sciences, Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Oliver Henke
- Department of Oncology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania, United Republic of
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, Section Global Health, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Hansen H, Schäfer I, Dröge F, Menzel A, Tajdar D, Mayer-Runge U, Lühmann D, Scherer M. Association between patient-related factors and avoided consultations due to fear of COVID-19 during the first lockdown in northern Germany: Results of a cross-sectional observational study. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ, FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAT IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023:S1865-9217(23)00005-3. [PMID: 36973162 PMCID: PMC10039736 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were anxious about a coronavirus infection due to the high infection rate and the mortality risk associated with the disease. Fear of COVID-19 might have influenced patients’ utilisation of medical services, even if it meant that a postponed therapy had severe consequences. Our aims were to analyse (a) to what extent fear of COVID-19 contributes to forgone consultations, (b) if patient characteristics, health literacy and social support influence the effect of fear of COVID-19 on the utilisation behaviour and (c) whether interactions between these possible predictor variables are responsible for a higher extent of avoided consultations due to fear of COVID-19. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study in an emergency department. The study was based on personal standardized interviews of patients. The interviews took place between July 15 and August 5, 2020. Patients over the age of 18 were included if there was no urgent need for treatment on the day of the interview, no severe functional limitations, sufficient knowledge of German, ability to consent and health problems requiring treatment between March 13 and June 13, 2020. Differences between patient subgroups were described and analysed using the t-test and chi2 test. Data were analysed by logistic regression including socio-demographic data, health literacy and social support assessed by standardised instruments. Additionally, we assessed interactions between possible predictor variables by a descriptive tree analysis. Results 103 patients participated in personal standardized interviews. 46 patients (44.6%) reported that at least one necessary consultation did not take place in the observation period. Among those, 29 patients (63.0%) avoided consultations due to fear of COVID-19. Women had 3.36 times higher odds (95% confidence interval: 1.25 to 9.04, p = 0.017) for avoiding a consultation due to fear of COVID-19. There were no other statistically significant predictors in our analysis. Discussion Almost half of the required consultations did not take place. Avoidance of consultations needs to be closely monitored during the pandemic. Policy makers as well as health care providers should give consideration to the collateral effects of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related reactions of patients, especially women. Conclusion In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians should ensure that their patients take advantage of necessary consultations in order to avoid negative effects of a delayed examination or treatment. Particular attention should be paid to anxious female patients. Studies are needed to analyse the association between health literacy, social support and avoidance of consultations triggered by fear of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Hansen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ingmar Schäfer
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Finn Dröge
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Agata Menzel
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Tajdar
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mayer-Runge
- Central Emergency Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Lühmann
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Liu F, Hu X, Zhu X, Dong X, Ge J, Xu S, Li G, Li L, Li S, Wei Z. A community-based cross-sectional study of anxiety and metabolic syndrome. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:450-457. [PMID: 36932654 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of anxiety and other psychological disorders has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among the elderly. Anxiety and metabolic syndrome (MetS) may aggravate each other. This study further clarified the correlation between the two. METHODS Adopting a convenience sampling method, this study investigated 162 elderly people over 65 years of age in Fangzhuang Community, Beijing. All participants provided baseline data on sex, age, lifestyle, and health status. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was used to assess anxiety. Blood samples, abdominal circumference, and blood pressure were used to diagnose MetS. The elderly were divided into MetS and control groups according to the diagnosis of MetS. Differences in anxiety between the two groups were analysed and further stratified by age and gender. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the possible risk factors for MetS. RESULTS Compared with the control group, anxiety scores of the MetS group were statistically higher (Z = 4.78, P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between anxiety levels and MetS (r = 0.353, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that anxiety (possible anxiety vs no anxiety: odds ratio [OR] = 2.982, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.295-6.969; definite anxiety vs no anxiety: OR = 14.573, 95%CI 3.675-57.788; P < 0.001) and BMI (OR = 1.504, 95% CI 1.275-1.774; P < 0.001) were possible risk factors for MetS. CONCLUSION The elderly with MetS had higher anxiety scores. Anxiety may be a potential risk factor for MetS, which provides a new perspective on anxiety and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Hu
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ge
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shunlin Xu
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Shugang Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wei
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
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Alfosail EK, Alghamdi M. Perception and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e35673. [PMID: 37012961 PMCID: PMC10066419 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant hospitalizations and deaths, particularly among healthcare workers (HCWs). Various therapeutic and preventive measures have been introduced, with vaccination considered the primary preventive measure. This study aims to assess the perceptions and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs. Methods We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study on HCWs in hospitals located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study included physicians, nurses, pharmacists, lab technicians, and radiologists who work in the Ministry of Health's general hospitals. A total of 394 participants were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results A majority of the participants (72.6%) were female, aged between 31-40 years (55.3%), and married (59.6%). More than half of the participants (55.6%) had received training on dealing with COVID-19. The mean scores for COVID-19 vaccine refusal, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination were 18.36 ± 7.02, 14.48 ± 3.62, 11.51 ± 2.99, 12.39 ± 3.5, 8.25 ± 2.35, and 8.40 ± 2.46, respectively. Age was found to be correlated with the perceived severity of COVID-19 in non-vaccination (p=0.048), while gender was associated with the perceived severity of COVID-19 (p=0.015). Marital status (p=0.001), years of experience (p=0.009), profession (p=0.019), and education (p=0.028) were found to be correlated with perceived susceptibility. Education levels were found to be correlated with the perceived benefits of vaccination (p=0.007), perceived barriers to vaccines (p=0.002), and vaccine views (p=0.002). Years of experience (p=0.017) were found to be correlated with perceived severity of COVID-19, while profession type was significantly associated with perceived severity of COVID-19 (p=0.016) and vaccine view (p=0.008) Conclusion The study found that participants had a positive perception and high acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. The results also indicated that various sociodemographic factors were associated with the perception and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs. These findings could help in formulating effective strategies to improve vaccination uptake rates among HCWs, thereby reducing transmission and mortality among Health Care Workers due to COVID-19.
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Erbiçer ES, Metin A, Doğan T. Grief and mourning in Covid-19 pandemic and delayed business as a new concept. CULTURE & PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 29:3-26. [PMID: 38603160 PMCID: PMC9379600 DOI: 10.1177/1354067x221118921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The measures, restrictions, and death-related rituals in the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the mourning-related routines of individuals. Moreover, mourning processes have been affected by the restriction of death-related cultural rituals, funeral ceremonies performed only by the officials, and the prohibition of visiting graves. This study aims to investigate the experiences of individuals who lost their loved ones in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. For that purpose, the phenomenological method is employed in the design of the study. Individual interviews were conducted with nine participants who lost their relatives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researchers. The study participants described the various factors contributing to the grief and mourning process in the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors were categorized into three following main categories: grief and mourning responses of the individuals lost loved ones, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses; risk factors including the expectation of harm, unfinished business, and restriction of death-related religious-cultural rituals; and protective factors including relative support (i.e., family, spouse, friend, partner), tele-support (i.e., mobile phone, internet, social media), positive coping strategies (cognitive, behavioral, and religious-spiritual), and delayed business. The "delayed business" concept was also addressed within protective factors and explained in general terms. Finally, the findings were discussed considering the literature and presented some theoretical and practical implications.
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Zhang Q. The Moderation Effect of Cognitive Tendencies on the Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19 and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Chinese Children. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2023; 16:1-9. [PMID: 36785698 PMCID: PMC9909653 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-023-00518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency with potential traumatizing effects on children. However, not many studies have been devoted to investigating the association between fear of COVID-19 and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in children during the pandemic. Also, if the association is modulated by cognitive tendencies to focus on negative and positive information in children is unknown. The study recruited 122 native Chinese children from a primary school in mainland China. Self-reported psychological inventories were used to assess the above variables. The prevalence rate of PTSS in Chinese children was approximately 15.1%. Girls had higher post-traumatic stress levels than boys. Fear of COVID-19 was associated with higher level of post-traumatic stress in children. Only cognitive tendency to focus on negative information was significantly associated with the level of post-traumatic stress in children. Moreover, cognitive tendency to focus on negative information was a significant moderator of the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and PTSS. Generalization of the results to adults should be cautious. It was concluded that stronger fear of COVID-19 was related to more PTSS in children. The association of fear of COVID-19 with PTSS was significant only for children with strong tendency to focus on negative information. Cognitive interventions for PTSS may need to be delivered to children who have both strong fear of COVID-19 and strong tendency to focus on negative information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Zhang
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Floor 7, AC1, Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Utli H, Dinç M, Oner U. The Effect of COVID-19 Fear in Patients and Clinical Nurses on Night Nursing Care. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023; 86:1108-1134. [PMID: 36268848 PMCID: PMC9605859 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221135276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of fear of COVID-19 in patients and clinical nurses on night nursing care. This was a cross-sectional study. The research sample consisted of 604 patients and 270 clinical nurses selected by the convenience sampling method. Data were collected between August 2021 and July 2022 using a Patients' Information form, a Nurse's Information form, the Fear of COVID-19 scale, and the Night Nursing Care instrument. No significant difference was found between the total mean scores of the patients and the nurses on the Fear of COVID-19 scale or the Night Nursing Care instrument (rho = -0.017, p = .702; rho = -0.020, p = .741). It was found that patients' and nurses' fears of COVID-19 did not affect their perceptions of night nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hediye Utli
- Department of Elderly Care,
Vocational School of Health Services, Mardin Artuklu
University, Mardin, Turkey,Hediye Utli, Department of Elderly Care,
Mardin Artuklu University Vocational School of Health Services, Artuklu Campus,
Box 47110, Mardin 47200, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Dinç
- Department of Surgical Nursing,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ugur Oner
- Department of Fundamentals Nursing,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
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Kornas-Biela D, Martynowska K, Zysberg L. 'With a Little Help from My Friends': Emotional Intelligence, Social Support, and Distress during the COVID-19 Outbreak. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2515. [PMID: 36767886 PMCID: PMC9915446 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presented a global existential social and health challenge, with individuals suffering mentally and psychologically. College and university students are young adults, typically away from their natural support systems; with pandemic-imposed measures such as isolation, they may have been at higher risk of experiencing negative psychological outcomes. The study tested a model in which social support mediated the association between emotional intelligence (EI) and a latent factor representing general mental distress at the height of the COVID-19 crisis in Poland. One hundred and fifty-nine young adults filled in measures of trait EI, psychological and instrumental social support, three distress measures (depression, anxiety, and stress), and demographics. The results supported a model in which psychological social support (but not instrumental social support) mediated the association between trait EI and a factor representing all three distress measures. The results shed light on how individual and social resources work together to help maintain psychological integrity in times of crisis. They add to recent results on the differential effects of psychological-emotional and instrumental social support on distress and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kornas-Biela
- Institute of Pedagogy, The John Paul Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Martynowska
- Institute of Pedagogy, The John Paul Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Leehu Zysberg
- The Graduate School, Gordon College of Education, Haifa 3465415, Israel
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Gumus D, Topal GG, Sevim S, Kizil M. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and dietary changes according to the fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic: a cross-sectional study. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e56. [PMID: 37180483 PMCID: PMC10173089 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to the implementation of restrictions to reduce transmission worldwide. The restrictions and measures have affected the psychological health and eating habits. The objective of the present study was to evaluate dietary habits, lifestyle changes, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and fear of COVID-19 in Turkey during the pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey of socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, nutrition, physical activity and lifestyle habits was used for data collection. The fear of COVID-19 levels of the participants was determined by the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S). The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) was used to evaluate participants' adherence to the MD. The differences between the FCV-19S and MEDAS according to gender were compared. Eight hundred and twenty subjects (76⋅6 % women and 28⋅4 % men) were evaluated within the study. The mean of MEDAS (ranged between 0 and 12) was 6⋅4 ± 2⋅1, and almost half of the participants moderately adhered to the MD. The mean of FCV-19S (ranged between 7 and 33) was 16⋅8 ± 5⋅7, while women's FCV-19S and MEDAS were significantly higher than men's (P < 0⋅001). The consumption of sweetened cereals, grains, pasta, homemade bread and pastries of the respondents with high FCV-19S were higher than in those with low FCV-19S. High FCV-19S was also characterized by decreased take-away food and fast food consumption in approximately 40 % of the respondents (P < 0⋅01). Similarly, women's fast food and take-away food consumption decreased more than men's (P < 0⋅05). In conclusion, the respondents' food consumption and eating habits varied according to the fear of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Gumus
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Gizem Topal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Sumeyra Sevim
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mevlude Kizil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey
- Corresponding author: Mevlude Kizil, email
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Zangeneh Soroush M, Tahvilian P, Koohestani S, Maghooli K, Jafarnia Dabanloo N, Sarhangi Kadijani M, Jahantigh S, Zangeneh Soroush M, Saliani A. Effects of COVID-19-related psychological distress and anxiety on quality of sleep and life in healthcare workers in Iran and three European countries. Front Public Health 2022; 10:997626. [PMID: 36504977 PMCID: PMC9732084 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has considerably affected human beings most of whom are healthcare workers (HCWs) combating the disease in the front line. Methods This cross-sectional study aims to explore the effects of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19 on the quality of sleep and life in HCWs, including physicians, nurses, and other healthcare staff. In this global study, we asked 1,210 HCWs (620 and 590 volunteers from Iran and European countries, including Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy, respectively), who age 21-70, to participate in the test. Several measures of COVID-related stress, anxiety, sleep, and life quality, including the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) are recorded. Results Volunteers reported high rates of stress and anxiety and poor sleep quality as well as lower quality of life. The correlation analysis between the measures is reported. According to the results, regardless of the location, HCWs, predominantly female nurses, developed anxiety and stress symptoms which consequently resulted in lower sleep and life quality. Both for Iranian and the European HCWs, significant differences existed between nurses and the other two groups, with the p-values equal to 0.0357 and 0.0429 for GHQ-12, 0.0368, and 0.714 for BAI measure. Even though nurses reported the most stress, anxiety, fear of COVID-19, lower quality of life and sleep in both countries, and also an increase in other measures as well, there existed no statistically significant difference in FCV-19S, PSQI, and WHOQOL-BREF. Discussion This study helps to expand our knowledge the effects of pandemics on HCWs and also for healthcare management to predict HCW's mental health conditions in similar situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Zangeneh Soroush
- Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Bio-Intelligence Research Unit, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Tahvilian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Koohestani
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Keivan Maghooli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Jafarnia Dabanloo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sepehr Jahantigh
- Department Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amitis Saliani
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Socan M, Erčulj VI. Confronting SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Patients' Experience in the First Pandemic Wave-Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12743. [PMID: 36232041 PMCID: PMC9566657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the real-life experience of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Slovenia in the first pandemic wave and how the buffering effect of social and informational support affected negative feelings. We used a self-administrated questionnaire. There were 1182 eligible notified cases with the response rate 64.9%. At least 62% of responders were able to follow the isolation rules, while 21.1% did not or could not organize their living separately from other household members. The main providers during the isolation period were close family members. The most prevalent emotion in our study was worry (70.3%) and fear (37.6%). Worry and fear during the illness were less probable for men than women, but more probable for older patients. Participants with strong emotional support had lower odds of being sad. Those who were exposed to a larger number of sources of information had higher odds of being worried. Those patients who used a higher number of more credible sources of information had higher odds of being afraid during illness. Pets did not play a special role in psychological well-being. The role of the media and public health communications should be explored further to achieve an improved response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Socan
- National Institute of Public Health, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vanja Ida Erčulj
- Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Cui J, Cheung VHM, Huang W, Kan WS. Mental Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study of Women Receiving the Comprehensive Social Security Allowance in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10279. [PMID: 36011912 PMCID: PMC9407927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Welfare recipients were often considered the least deserving of COVID-related support. Despite the recent attention paid to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, few studies have explored the mental distress experienced by welfare recipients. This cross-sectional study on female Comprehensive Social Security Allowance recipients in Hong Kong aimed to explore their level of mental distress and its association with a range of risk factors specific to welfare recipients. Hence, 316 valid cases from a local community center responded to our online survey. We found that 52.3%, 23.4%, and 78% of the participants showed moderate to extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. A higher level of mental distress was associated with having a psychiatric diagnosis, poorer social, and greater concerns over disciplining children, the living environment, daily expenses and being infected by COVID-19. Unexpectedly, being married, having a permanent residence, and having a job were not significant protective factors for this group. The models explained 45.5%, 44.6%, and 52.5% of the overall variance in the level of depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.01), respectively. Our findings have important implications for supporting female welfare recipients during a public health crisis and may help frontline staff and professionals provide prompt assistance to this group in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Cui
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vanessa Hoi Mei Cheung
- Felizberta Lo Padilla Tong School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong
| | | | - Wan Sang Kan
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Murayama K, Tatebayashi H, Kawaguchi T, Fujita K, Sashikata K, Nakao T. The Impact of Gender and Age Differences and Infectious Disease Symptoms on Psychological Distress in Quarantined Asymptomatic or Mildly Ill COVID-19 Patients in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159083. [PMID: 35897455 PMCID: PMC9332173 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Quarantine imposed due to COVID-19 infection can exacerbate psychological distress, and it is important for a public mental health agency to identify factors that are predictive of high psychological distress in such situation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gender, age, and the presence or absence of infectious disease symptoms affected psychological distress among asymptomatic or mildly ill COVID-19 patients who were quarantined. Participants were 436 asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19-infected patients who were quarantined in a treatment facility between 1 May 2020 and 30 September 2021. We used Quantification Theory I analysis to investigate the effects of gender, age, and the nature of infectious disease symptoms on psychological distress. The results of the analysis showed that the contribution rate was 0.06. Among gender, age, presence of symptoms, and the nature of symptoms, age had the greatest effect on psychological distress, and being in one’s teens to thirties was considered to exacerbate psychological distress the most. According to the results, the psychological distress of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients isolated was affected by gender, age, and symptomology, especially due to age differences. However, the impact of these items on psychological distress was not considered significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Murayama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Takako Kawaguchi
- Fukuoka City Mental Health Welfare Center, 2-5-1 Maizuru, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka 8100073, Japan;
| | - Kousuke Fujita
- Kitakyushu Municipal Mental Health Welfare Center, 1-7-1 Basyaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 8020077, Japan;
| | - Kenta Sashikata
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan;
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Reply to Ayuso García et al. Health Perception among Female COVID-19 Patients. Comment on “Fernández-de-las-Peñas et al. Female Sex Is a Risk Factor Associated with Long-Term Post-COVID Related-Symptoms but Not with COVID-19 Symptoms: The LONG-COVID-EXP-CM Multicenter Study. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 413”. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133616. [PMID: 35806901 PMCID: PMC9267921 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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