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Díaz-Sánchez JP, Lanchimba C, Obaco M. The relationship between income, weight, and using traffic-light labeling to buy processed food in Ecuador. J Public Health Policy 2024; 45:268-282. [PMID: 38684867 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-024-00486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of the factors influencing the decision to purchase processed food based on traffic-light labeling (TLL). To achieve this, we use data from the official National Survey of Health and Nutrition, which gathered information on 26,532 individuals aged between 19 and 59 between 2011 and 2013. Employing a probit regression to assess the likelihood of buying food based on TLL, we identify a positive association between income level and the probability of buying food based on TLL; indeed, our model suggests that a 1% increase in monthly income increases by 0.008 the probability of buying food based on TLL. We infer that people with higher levels of income are more aware of the benefits of TLL and healthy food habits. Our results also suggest that the probability of basing purchasing decisions on TLL is higher for overweight people compared to those of normal weight, that is, overweight people buy their processed food paying more attention to TLL compared to normal weight people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cintya Lanchimba
- Departamento de Economía Cuantitativa, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
- Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy, France
| | - Moisés Obaco
- Departamento de Economía FACEA, Universidad Católica del Norte de Chile, Antofagasta, Chile
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2
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Sumy MSA, Parh MYA, Soni MSM, Saifuddin N, Elma JF, Zarei H, Hossain MM. Differences in Associated Factors of Underweight and Overweight According to Rural-Urban Residence Strata among Ever-Married Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Bangladesh. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:229-240. [PMID: 38984237 PMCID: PMC11229563 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.3.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to compare the prevalence of underweight and overweight among ever-married, non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Bangladesh by urban or rural residency status. Methods This study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2017 data. Cross-sectional study design with two-stage stratified sampling method was employed. A sample of ever-married non-pregnant women of reproductive age was selected and multinomial logistic regression was utilised in analysis. Results It was found that around half of rural women (45.0%, N = 4,934) and more than half of urban women (60.3%, n = 3,913) were overweight. Nearly one in seven rural women (14.0%, n = 1,537) and 1 in 12 urban women (9.0%, n = 564) were reported as underweight. Our analyses revealed that being overweight was substantially connected with age, husband's occupation, economic status, television access, and division for both urban and rural areas. Women from poor households were significantly more likely to be underweight than women from middle- income households for both urban (P < 0.05; OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.94) and rural (P < 0.05; OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.46) areas. Interestingly, women without television access both in urban (P < 0.001; OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.91) and rural (P < 0.001; OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.84) areas had an inverse association with overweight/obesity compared to women with television access. In both areas, women in Sylhet and Mymensingh had higher likelihood of being underweight than Barisal division. Additionally, in both residential zones, women in Sylhet had lower likelihood of being overweight than Barisal division. Conclusion This study reveals that multiple characteristics are linked to both overweight and underweight among ever-married, non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. Addressing these variables should be a priority in public health efforts to combat the dual challenge of malnutrition in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sharmin Akter Sumy
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Statistics, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yasin Ali Parh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Statistics, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Hamid Zarei
- Department of Health Management and Systems Science, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Md Murad Hossain
- Department of Statistics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
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3
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Martins RBM, Torres JL, Moreira BDS, Lima-Costa MF, Ygnatios NTM. [Sociodemographic characteristics associated with underweight and overweight in adults aged 50 years and over (ELSI-Brasil): differences between sexes]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00037023. [PMID: 38324866 PMCID: PMC10841375 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt037023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective were to describe the prevalence of underweight and overweight, assessed by body mass index (BMI), stratified by sex and age group, and to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics associated with BMI in older women and men. This is a cross-sectional analysis of 8,974 participants aged ≥ 50 years from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brasil, 2015-2016). BMI was classified as underweight, eutrophy, and overweight according to the participant's age. A multinomial logistic regression model was used, considering the sociodemographic characteristics of women and men. The results showed a higher prevalence of overweight in women compared to men (64.1% vs. 57.3%). In both sexes, the prevalence of underweight was higher in the longest-lived individuals, while overweight was lower. In women, the chance of underweight was higher than the chance of eutrophy in those who were single/widowed/divorced (OR = 1.95; 95%CI: 1.42-2.66) and in those living in rural areas (OR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.01-2.49), while the chance of being overweight was lower than the chance of being eutrophy in those living in rural areas (OR = 0.78; 95%CI: 0.62-0.97) and in all geographic macro-regions related to the South Region. For men, the chance of being overweight was lower than the chance of being eutrophy among single/widowed/divorced individuals (OR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.48-0.69). The richest had a lower chance of being underweight (OR = 0.59; 95%CI: 0.38-0.90), as well as a higher chance of being overweight (OR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.20-1.92). In conclusion, the sociodemographic characteristics associated with BMI differed between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Lustosa Torres
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Bruno de Souza Moreira
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Nair Tavares Milhem Ygnatios
- Centro Universitário Santa Rita, Conselheiro Lafaiete, Brasil
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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Gupta RD, Frank HA, Akonde M, Mazumder A, Siddika N, Apu EH, Chakraborty PA. Rural-Urban Differences in Prevalence and Associated Factors of Underweight and Overweight/Obesity among Bangladeshi Adults: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023; 4:505-520. [PMID: 38131674 PMCID: PMC10742748 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia4040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the differences in prevalence and associated factors of underweight and overweight/obesity among Bangladeshi adults (≥18 years) by analyzing the cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 data. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the factors associated with underweight and overweight/obesity in urban and rural areas. The prevalence of underweight was 12.24% and 19.34% in urban and rural areas, respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 50.23% and 35.96%, respectively, in urban and rural areas. In the final multivariable analysis in both urban and rural areas, 30-49 years of age, female sex, being educated up to college or higher level, living in the wealthiest household, and being currently married or being separated/divorced/widowed had higher odds of being overweight/obese compared to other categories. Residence in the Mymensingh and Sylhet region was associated with decreased odds of overweight/obesity in urban and rural areas. On the other hand, being educated up to college or higher level, living in the wealthiest household, and being married were associated with reduced odds of being underweight in both areas. These high-risk groups should be brought under targeted health promotion programs to curb malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Das Gupta
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hanna A. Frank
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Maxwell Akonde
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ananna Mazumder
- Jahurul Islam Medical College (JIMC), Bajitpur, Kishoreganj 2336, Bangladesh
| | - Nazeeba Siddika
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Centre for International Public Health and Environmental Research, Bangladesh (CIPHER,B), Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Centre for International Public Health and Environmental Research, Bangladesh (CIPHER,B), Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Dental Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA
| | - Promit Ananyo Chakraborty
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Rai N, Blane DN. Addressing food insecurity: what is the role of healthcare? Proc Nutr Soc 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37746715 DOI: 10.1017/s002966512300366x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Food insecurity - when individuals or households have difficulty accessing sufficient, safe, culturally appropriate and nutritious food due to lack of money or other resources - is a global public health concern. Levels of food insecurity have increased across the UK in recent years, due in part to a decade of austerity, widespread loss of income during the COVID-19 pandemic and the more recent cost-of-living crisis, leading to rising use of food banks. The stress of living with uncertain access to food and going periods without food is damaging to physical and mental health. Food insecurity is linked to both obesity and malnutrition, as often the most readily available foods are processed, high in fats, sugars and salt, but low in essential nutrients for health. While recognising that many of the drivers of food insecurity, and health inequalities more broadly (i.e. the social determinants of health) lie outside the health service, it is increasingly acknowledged that the National Health Service - and primary care in particular - has a key role to play in mitigating health inequalities. This review considers the potential role of healthcare in mitigating food insecurity, with a focus on primary care settings. Recent initiatives in Scotland, such as community links workers and general practitioner practice-attached financial advice workers, have shown promise as part of a more community-oriented approach to primary care, which can mitigate the effects of food insecurity. However, a more 'upstream' response is required, including 'cash first' interventions as part of broader national strategies to end the need for food banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Rai
- School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TB, UK
| | - David N Blane
- School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TB, UK
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Kundu S, Sharma P, Singh S, Kumar P. District-level heterogeneity in overweight or obesity among women of reproductive age: A geo-spatial analysis in India. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290020. [PMID: 37590188 PMCID: PMC10434895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally by 2030, 38% of the world's population would be overweight, and another 20% would be obese. This has led to rising concerns regarding how swiftly and substantially the world is moving towards this epidemic of "globesity". India too is facing an increased burden of overweight and obese population. The changing dietary patterns are significantly associated with the increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity and related complications, especially among women. Hence, the present study aims to observe the spatial patterns of overweight or obesity among women in reproductive age group in India and factors associated with it. METHODS The study analyzed data from a cross-sectional nationwide household survey, i.e. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-16. The primary outcome variable of this study was overweight/obesity among reproductive-age women, which was measured through the body mass index (BMI) of the women. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Additionally, for spatial analysis in terms of overweight/obesity among women in India, univariate and bivariate Moran's I index measurements were used along with the usage of spatial regression models. RESULTS The value of spatial-autocorrelation for overweight or obese was 0.64, which depicts the moderately high prevalence of the overweight/obesity coverage over districts of India. The overall prevalence overweight/obesity among women in India is around 25% and higher proportion of women from urban areas (37.8%), and non-poor (33.4%) economic group reported to be overweight or obese. From spatial lag model, the lag coefficient was found to be 0.28, implying that a change in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among women in a certain district may statistically lag the prevalence of overweight/obesity by 28% in the neighbouring districts. There were significantly high clustering of overweight/obese women and non-poor wealth quintiles in 132 districts, mainly from states of Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Additionally, there was high-high clustering of overweight/obese women and those who ever had caesarean in 82 districts, mostly from Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. CONCLUSION The spatial patterns on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in India show that the women belonging to the southern states' districts are more overweight or obese in comparison to other states. The determinants like older age, higher education, urban residence, higher economic status are the key factors contributing to the prevalence of overweight or obesity among women in the reproductive age group. The study concludes and recommends an urgent need of interventions catering to urban women belonging to higher socio-economic status, to reduce the risks of health consequences due to overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Kundu
- Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India
| | - Pratima Sharma
- School of Health System Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shivani Singh
- Specialist- Monitoring and Evaluation, India Health Action Trust (IHAT), Lucknow, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Specialist- Monitoring and Evaluation, India Health Action Trust (IHAT), Lucknow, India
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Caldwell AR, Terhorst L, Magnan K, Bogen DL. Describing and Predicting Feeding Problems During the First 2 Years Within an Urban Pediatric Primary Care Center. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:415-422. [PMID: 36286194 PMCID: PMC10130233 DOI: 10.1177/00099228221132337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a prospective cohort study with children aged 6 to 18 months to identify predictors of feeding problems in an urban sample. Parent-reported child feeding problems (Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale) and picky eating, parental anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7), and family meal structure (Meals in Our Household) were assessed via a Web-based survey at 3 time points. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlations, and mixed-effects regression modeling. Eighty parents completed the survey. Child picky eating (r =.51) and resistance to try new foods (r = .30), parental anxiety (r = .34), rushed mealtimes (r = .28), and child age (r = .32) were significantly associated with child feeding problems. Feeding Scale scores were, on average, 6 points higher among picky eaters than those who were not over time (p < .001). Parent reports of picky eating early in life may warrant additional clinical investigation and referral to feeding specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R. Caldwell
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Terhorst
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Data Center,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katelin Magnan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debra L. Bogen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Haimi M. The tragic paradoxical effect of telemedicine on healthcare disparities- a time for redemption: a narrative review. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 37193960 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telemedicine has become more convenient and advantageous due to the rapid development of the internet and telecommunications. A growing number of patients are turning to telemedicine for health consultations and health-related information. Telemedicine can increase access to medical care by removing geographical and other barriers. In most nations, the COVID-19 pandemic imposed social isolation. This has accelerated the transition to telemedicine, which has become the most commonly utilized method of outpatient care in many places. Telehealth can assist resolve gaps in access to healthcare services and health outcomes, in addition to its primary function of boosting accessibility to remote health services. However, as the benefits of telemedicine become more apparent, so do the limitations of serving vulnerable groups. Some populations may lack digital literacy or internet access. Homeless persons, the elderly, and people with inadequate language skills are also affected. In such circumstances, telemedicine has the potential to exacerbate health inequities. AIM AND METHODS In this narrative review (using the PubMed and Google scholar database), the different benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine are discussed, both globally and in Israel, with particular focus paid to special populations and to the telehealth usage during the Covid-19 period. FINDINGS The contradiction and paradox of using telemedicine to address health inequities yet sometimes making them worse is highlighted. The effectiveness of telemedicine in bridging access to healthcare inequities is explored along with a number of potential solutions. CONCLUSIONS Policy makers should identify barriers among special populations to using telemedicine. They should initiate interventions to overcome these barriers, while adapting them to the needs of these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motti Haimi
- Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
- Health Disparities Working Group, International Society for Telemedicine and E-Health (ISfTeH), Basel, Switzerland.
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Sadhir S, Pontzer H. Impact of energy availability and physical activity on variation in fertility across human populations. J Physiol Anthropol 2023; 42:1. [PMID: 36829218 PMCID: PMC9951524 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human reproduction is energetically costly, even more so than other primates. In this review, we consider how the energy cost of physical activity impacts reproductive tasks. Daily energy expenditure appears to be constrained, leading to trade-offs between activity and reproduction expenditures in physically active populations. High workloads can lead to suppression of basal metabolic rate and low gestational weight gain during pregnancy and longer interbirth intervals. These responses lead to variation in fertility, including age at first reproduction and interbirth interval. The influence of energetics is evident even in industrialized populations, where cultural and economic factors predominate. With the decoupling of skills acquisition from food procurement, extrasomatic resources and investment in individual offspring becomes very costly. The result is greater investment in fewer offspring. We present a summary of age at first reproduction and interbirth interval trends across a diverse, global sample representing 44 countries and two natural fertility populations. While economic factors impact fertility, women in energy-rich, industrialized populations are capable of greater reproductive output than women in energy-stressed populations. Thus, energetic factors can be disentangled from cultural and economic impacts on fertility. Future research should focus on objective measurements of energy intake, energy expenditure, and physical activity in a broader sample of populations to elucidate the role of energetics in shaping reproductive outcomes and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Sadhir
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Herman Pontzer
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
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Salinas LMB, Machiorlatti M, Romero Z, Wang L, Alanis E, Treviño-Peña R. The Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Food Assistance Program Participation in Families of Preschool Children in the Rio Grande Valley. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2023.2166802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Michelle Belzer Salinas
- Department of Health & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Machiorlatti
- Department of Population Health and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Zasha Romero
- Department of Health & Human Performance, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Health & Human Performance, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth Alanis
- Department of Health & Human Performance, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Roberto Treviño-Peña
- Department of Health & Human Performance, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
- Social & Health Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Cervantes G, Thow AM, Gómez-Oliver L, Durán-Arenas L, Pérez-Ferrer C. What Opportunities Exist for Making the Food Supply Nutrition Friendly? A Policy Space Analysis in Mexico. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:2451-2463. [PMID: 34973055 PMCID: PMC9818101 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2021.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of a global policy response for addressing malnutrition, food system actions have been proposed. Within food system interventions, policies directed to supply chains have the potential to increase the availability and affordability of a healthy diet. This qualitative study aimed to identify opportunities to integrate nutrition as a priority into the food supply policy space in Mexico. METHODS Data were collected through analysis of 19 policy documents and 20 semi-structured stakeholder interviews. As an analytical framework, we used policy space analysis and embedded the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) and the steps of the food chain of the conceptual framework of food systems for diets and nutrition. RESULTS Policy issues relevant to nutrition were viewed differently in the economic and agricultural sectors versus the health sector. Overall, the main policy objective related to nutrition within the economic and agricultural sectors was to contribute to food security in terms of food quantity. Nutrition was an objective in itself only in the health sector, with a focus on food quality. Our policy space analysis reveals an opportunity to promote a new integrated vision with the recent creation of an intersectoral group working on the public agenda for a food system transformation. This newer integrative narrative on food systems presents an opportunity to shift the existing food security narrative from quantity towards considerations of diet quality. CONCLUSION The political context and public agenda are favorable to pursue a food system transformation to deliver sustainable healthy diets. Mexico can provide a case study for other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for putting nutrition at the center of food policy, despite the ongoing constraints on achieving this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cervantes
- Master´s and Doctorate Program in Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anne-Marie Thow
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Luis Gómez-Oliver
- Faculty of Economics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Durán-Arenas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Pérez-Ferrer
- Center for Research in Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT), Mexico City, Mexico
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Kh’ng K, Chang CC, Hsu SH. Implications of food and nutrition security on household food expenditure: the case of Malaysia. AGRICULTURE & FOOD SECURITY 2022; 11:30. [PMID: 35411215 PMCID: PMC8986337 DOI: 10.1186/s40066-022-00367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Food security is attracting more attention in Malaysia not only at the national level that concern toward the enhancement of food self-sufficiency but also at the individual level which concerns more on nutrition and health. The economic recession triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic has brought the food and nutrition security challenge to the higher priority. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of encouraging a healthy eating plan by taking into account two important elements, food cost and nutrient intake, to help tackle the food and nutrition insecurity challenges at the individual level.
Method and materials
This study used a goal programming model with dietary intake data from Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey reports to develop food plans that can improve nutrition quality without increasing food cost. Missing data, such as nutrient compositions and food prices, were collected separately from existing governmental and non-governmental sources. Benchmark nutrient intakes were derived from Malaysian Dietary Guidelines and Malaysian Recommended Nutrient Intakes reports, whereas benchmark costs were estimated by mapping food prices to dietary intake. The cost of healthier diets was also assessed to examine the acceptability of dietary changes for the low-income population.
Results
The results showed that healthier diets following national dietary guidelines are achievable with reasonable food choices shift without changing the cost of meal plan. Greater intake of milk and vegetables (for more calcium) and smaller intake of seafood and egg products (for less protein) will contribute to raise diet quality and achieve more adequate nutrition. However, the cost attached to healthier food plan is still likely to be burdensome for the food-insecure and low-income population.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that policymakers should implement income-relevant laws to cut poverty and improve the population’s dietary intake. Income growth as a result of better skills and education is needed to ensure that the real incomes of Malaysian are well sustained, and increased to help low-income population make better and healthier food choices.
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Food insecurity, low dietary diversity and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers living in vulnerable areas of Greater Beirut, Lebanon. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1832-1847. [PMID: 34842129 PMCID: PMC9592946 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Syrian refugees in Lebanon are facing vulnerabilities that are affecting their food insecurity (FI) levels. The objectives of this study were to measure dietary diversity, FI and mental health status of Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon and to explore its associations with their anaemia and nutritional status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers with children under 5 years (n 433) in Greater Beirut, Lebanon. Dietary diversity was measured using the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) of reproductive age and FI using the global Food Insecurity Experience Scale at the individual level. Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured to assess the maternal mental health status. Data on socio-economic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and Hb concentrations were collected. Overall, 63·3 % of the mothers had a low dietary diversity (LDD) and 34·4 % were moderately to severely food insecure, with 12·5 % being severely food insecure. The prevalence of PTSD, moderate depression and severe depression was 13·2, 11·1 and 9·9 %, respectively. A significant correlation was found between LDD and FI (P < 0·001). Low income was significantly associated with LDD and FI. Poor mental health was significantly associated with FI. LDD and FI were not associated with anaemia and nutritional status of mothers. Low-income households had significantly higher intakes of grains and refined starchy staples, whereas high-income households consumed more nutritious foods and sweets. Evidence of inadequate diet quality, FI and poor mental health among Syrian refugee mothers in Lebanon is presented. Multifaceted actions are needed to reduce FI and improve dietary diversity.
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Badaracco C, Bruno M, Mitchell K, McCauley S. Advancing Health Equity through Malnutrition Quality Measurement Roundtable: Practice Applications. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:S21-S27. [PMID: 36122955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sharon McCauley
- Commission on Dietetic Registration and Quality, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Chicago, Illinois
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15
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Novin ZS, Heshmati E, Qorbani M, Ghasemi Madani F, Zamankhani F, Sharifi L. The Prevalence of Food Insecurity and its Association with Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors: a Cross-Sectional Study in Alborz Province, Iran. Women Health 2022; 62:593-602. [DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2097360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mostfa Qorbani
- Research Deputy of Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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16
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Characterizing the Health of Older Rural Australians Attending Rural Events: Implications for Future Health Promotion Opportunities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053011. [PMID: 35270704 PMCID: PMC8910001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the health of older Australians (>65 years) attending rural events to inform health promotion interventions for rural populations. This cross-sectional study collected survey data and objective health measures between 2017 and 2020 at two events held in rural New South Wales, Australia. Participants included in the analysis were adults > 65 years of age. Data included demographic and health information, anthropometric measures (height, weight, waist circumference), and dietary and physical activity data. A total of 256 people > 65 years participated. Our sample, which was mostly male (59.0%), contained people aged between 66 and 75 years (72.3%). Participants lived in either a large rural (34.0%) or small rural town (22.3%), with low levels of education (60.9% did not complete high school). Dietary quality was rated as below average. All but 17.2% of the participants reported having a health condition. The risk of a health condition was associated with increasing age, lower education, and higher waist circumference, but not remoteness. Rural events may provide an opportunity to access, engage with, and understand the health of older rural Australians, especially males. They may offer ideal contexts for health and nutrition promotion opportunities in rural areas where access to health professionals is limited.
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17
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Quan T, Lopez JD, Chen FR, Manzi JE, Best MJ, Srikumaran U, Zimmer ZR. A retrospective study evaluating the association between hypoalbuminemia and postoperative outcomes for patients receiving open rotator cuff repair. J Orthop 2022; 30:88-92. [PMID: 35250196 PMCID: PMC8889027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Malnutrition has historically been shown to influence surgical outcomes. Although the diagnosis of malnutrition can be multifactorial, serum albumin levels serve as a useful indicator of malnutrition in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of post-operative complications in patients with malnutrition (hypoalbuminemia) who underwent open rotator cuff repair. We hypothesized that patients with low preoperative albumin levels will have an increased risk for postoperative complications, readmission, reoperation, and prolonged hospital stay. METHODS The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients undergoing open rotator cuff repair from 2006 to 2019. Two patient cohorts were defined: patients with hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dL) and patients with normal preoperative serum albumin (≥3.5 g/dL), with the former being an indicator for malnutrition. In this analysis, demographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were compared between the two cohorts using bivariate analyses. Confounding factors found in the control group included sex, race, age, body mass index, smoking status, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, dialysis, diabetes, and dyspnea. To eliminate potential biases, multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for these confounding factors. RESULTS Of 3,052 patients undergoing open rotator cuff repair with serum albumin levels recorded within 90 days before the surgery, 2,914 patients (95.5%), with an age range of 21-90 years, had normal albumin levels and 138 patients (4.5%), with an age range of 24-87 years, were hypoalbuminemic. Following adjustment on multivariate analyses, compared to patients with normal preoperative serum albumin, those with hypoalbuminemia had an increased risk of extended length of hospital stay (OR 7.47; p < 0.001) and hospital readmission (OR 4.16; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Hypoalbuminemia is associated with extended length of stay and readmission after receiving open rotator cuff repair surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Quan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 M St, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | | | - Frank R. Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Matthew J. Best
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Uma Srikumaran
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Zachary R. Zimmer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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18
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Rachmah Q, Mahmudiono T, Loh SP. Predictor of Obese Mothers and Stunted Children in the Same Roof: A Population-Based Study in the Urban Poor Setting Indonesia. Front Nutr 2021; 8:710588. [PMID: 34938755 PMCID: PMC8687438 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.710588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stunting leads to the poor cognitive development, increases the risk of child mortality, and elevates the risk of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in the urban poor setting in Indonesia and investigate its predictors. This was a cross-sectional study involving 436 mothers proportionally chosen from 16 integrated health posts in Surabaya, Indonesia. The households were categorized into the two groups based on the body mass index (BMI) of mother and the height-for-age z-score (HAZ) of child; households without DBM and household with DBM. Energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake were obtained using 24-h food recall and socioeconomic status was measured using a structured questionnaire. Data on socioeconomic status were educational level of mother and occupation, household income, and food expenditure. The prevalence of household with DBM was 27.5%; 12.4% pair stunted children and normal weight mother; 45.6% pair of overweight/obese mother and normal height children. The logistic regression analysis showed significant differences in the education level and occupation of mother, protein intake of the children, and fat intake of the mother between households with and without DBM. This study offers an important insight to improve the knowledge of mother related to the protein intake of children to reduce stunting risk and fat intake of mother to prevent over-nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qonita Rachmah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Su Peng Loh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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19
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Nishioka D, Takaku R, Kondo N. Medical expenditure after marginal cut of cash benefit among public assistance recipients in Japan: natural experimental evidence. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 76:jech-2021-217296. [PMID: 34772688 PMCID: PMC8995904 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-217296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Income reduction in poor households affects healthcare demands for impoverished population. However, the impact of reduced benefits for public assistance recipients, who can use medical services for free, on healthcare costs has not been examined. We hypothesised that marginal cuts in benefits increase recipients' medical expenditure by extra demand for medical care. We tested this hypothesis using public assistance databases of Japan. METHODS The study population comprised households in five municipalities receiving public assistance between April 2016 and September 2018. The households have a child aged 12-60 months and receive a monthly child-support income of US$150, which reduces by US$50 when the child turns 36 months of age. Our analysis comprised an age-based sharp regression-discontinuity study. RESULTS We observed 4893 household-months (11 032 person-months). When a firstborn child reached 36 months, their frequency of outpatient visits and healthcare costs by recipients, except for the firstborn child, increased (0.45, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.61; US$111.2, 95% CI: 20.7 to 201.7), while those of the firstborn child did not increase significantly. The monthly medical expenditure per household increased by US$248.6 (95% CI: 25.4 to 471.7). Inpatient medical costs increased significantly (US$64.3, 95% CI: 8.4 to 120.2). CONCLUSIONS Government savings through income reduction were offset by increased medical expenditure. This may be due to recipients' behavioural change and their worsening health conditions. To prevent excessive medical expenditure, policymakers should consider how income reduction affects the behaviour and health of the impoverished population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nishioka
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Kyoto University, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reo Takaku
- Graduate School of Economics and School of International and Public Policy, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Kyoto University, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- Japan Agency for Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES Agency), Taito-ku, Japan
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20
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Buoncristiano M, Williams J, Simmonds P, Nurk E, Ahrens W, Nardone P, Rito AI, Rutter H, Bergh IH, Starc G, Jonsson KR, Spinelli A, Vandevijvere S, Mäki P, Milanović SM, Salanave B, Yardim MS, Hejgaard T, Fijałkowska A, Abdrakhmanova S, Abdurrahmonova Z, Duleva V, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, García-Solano M, Gualtieri A, Gutiérrez-González E, Huidumac-Petrescu C, Hyska J, Kelleher CC, Kujundžić E, Peterkova V, Petrauskiene A, Pudule I, Sacchini E, Shengelia L, Tanrygulyyeva M, Taxová Braunerová R, Usupova Z, Maruszczak K, Ostojic SM, Spiroski I, Stojisavljević D, Wickramasinghe K, Breda J. Socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity among 6- to 9-year-old children in 24 countries from the World Health Organization European region. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 6:e13213. [PMID: 34184399 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Childhood overweight and obesity have significant short- and long-term negative impacts on children's health and well-being. These challenges are unequally distributed according to socioeconomic status (SES); however, previous studies have often lacked standardized and objectively measured data across national contexts to assess these differences. This study provides a cross-sectional picture of the association between SES and childhood overweight and obesity, based on data from 123,487 children aged 6-9 years in 24 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European region. Overall, associations were found between overweight/obesity and the three SES indicators used (parental education, parental employment status, and family-perceived wealth). Our results showed an inverse relationship between the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity and parental education in high-income countries, whereas the opposite relationship was observed in most of the middle-income countries. The same applied to family-perceived wealth, although parental employment status appeared to be less associated with overweight and obesity or not associated at all. This paper highlights the need for close attention to context when designing interventions, as the association between SES and childhood overweight and obesity varies by country economic development. Population-based interventions have an important role to play, but policies that target specific SES groups are also needed to address inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Buoncristiano
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Julianne Williams
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Philippa Simmonds
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eha Nurk
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Paola Nardone
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Ana Isabel Rito
- WHO/Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity - Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Ingunn Holden Bergh
- Department of Health and Inequality, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gregor Starc
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kenisha Russell Jonsson
- Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Angela Spinelli
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Päivi Mäki
- Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanja Musić Milanović
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Benoît Salanave
- Departement of Non-Communicable Diseases and Traumatisms, Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Saint Maurice, France.,Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Team (ESEN), University Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Tatjana Hejgaard
- Health Promotion and Inequality, Danish Health Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Fijałkowska
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- Department of Science and Professional Development, National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Kazakhstan's Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova
- Republican Centre for Nutrition, Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Population, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Vesselka Duleva
- Department Food and Nutrition, National Centre of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Marta García-Solano
- Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Constanta Huidumac-Petrescu
- National Center for Health Assessment and Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jolanda Hyska
- Nutrition and Food Safety Sector, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Enisa Kujundžić
- Center for Health Ecology, Institute of Public Health, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Valentina Peterkova
- Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ausra Petrauskiene
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Centre for Disease and Prevention Control, Riga, Latvia
| | - Elena Sacchini
- Health Authority, Ministry of Health, San Marino, San Marino
| | - Lela Shengelia
- Maternal, Child and Reproductive Health, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Maya Tanrygulyyeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
| | | | - Zhamilya Usupova
- Republican Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | | | - Sergej M Ostojic
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Igor Spiroski
- Institute of Public Health, Skopje, North Macedonia.,Faculty of Medicine, SS. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Dragana Stojisavljević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Public Health Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Wells JCK, Marphatia AA, Amable G, Siervo M, Friis H, Miranda JJ, Haisma HH, Raubenheimer D. The future of human malnutrition: rebalancing agency for better nutritional health. Global Health 2021; 17:119. [PMID: 34627303 PMCID: PMC8500827 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-021-00767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The major threat to human societies posed by undernutrition has been recognised for millennia. Despite substantial economic development and scientific innovation, however, progress in addressing this global challenge has been inadequate. Paradoxically, the last half-century also saw the rapid emergence of obesity, first in high-income countries but now also in low- and middle-income countries. Traditionally, these problems were approached separately, but there is increasing recognition that they have common drivers and need integrated responses. The new nutrition reality comprises a global ‘double burden’ of malnutrition, where the challenges of food insecurity, nutritional deficiencies and undernutrition coexist and interact with obesity, sedentary behaviour, unhealthy diets and environments that foster unhealthy behaviour. Beyond immediate efforts to prevent and treat malnutrition, what must change in order to reduce the future burden? Here, we present a conceptual framework that focuses on the deeper structural drivers of malnutrition embedded in society, and their interaction with biological mechanisms of appetite regulation and physiological homeostasis. Building on a review of malnutrition in past societies, our framework brings to the fore the power dynamics that characterise contemporary human food systems at many levels. We focus on the concept of agency, the ability of individuals or organisations to pursue their goals. In globalized food systems, the agency of individuals is directly confronted by the agency of several other types of actor, including corporations, governments and supranational institutions. The intakes of energy and nutrients by individuals are powerfully shaped by this ‘competition of agency’, and we therefore argue that the greatest opportunities to reduce malnutrition lie in rebalancing agency across the competing actors. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on food systems and individuals illustrates our conceptual framework. Efforts to improve agency must both drive and respond to complementary efforts to promote and maintain equitable societies and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C K Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, Population Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | | | - Gabriel Amable
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Hinke H Haisma
- Population Research Centre, Department of Demography, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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22
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Profiles of Food Insecurity: Similarities and Differences across Selected CEE Countries. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14165070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Food security (FS) is influenced by primarily financial but also sociodemographic factors. Identification of correlates of food insecurity (FI) is a crucial issue in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. The aims of the study were: (1) to recognize FI in the selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, (2) to examine common socioeconomic and demographic characteristics for FI. The analysis used the set of eight-item FI indicators adopted by the Food and Agriculture Organization, applying the Gallup World Poll survey data from 2017 to 2019. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine FI at mild and moderate or severe levels compared with FS. Differences in the profiles of FI were observed in analyzed countries: Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia. Lithuanians experienced the lowest FS, and Slovaks the highest. The FI status was associated with education, gender, age, household composition and income. It was found that the impact of these factors was not the same in the examined countries. Differences in profiles of FI in CEE countries indicate the need to analyze the problem individually for each country. Identifying groups particularly vulnerable to FI may allow appropriate targeting of instruments counteracting FI and adapt them to people with different characteristics.
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23
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Biadgilign S, Gebremariam MK, Mgutshini T. The association of household and child food insecurity with overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in an urban setting of Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1336. [PMID: 34229650 PMCID: PMC8261988 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence on the association between food insecurity and childhood obesity is mixed. In addition, literature from developing countries in general and Ethiopia in particular on the nexus and impact of household and child food insecurity on childhood obesity in the context of urbanization remains limited. The objective of this study was to explore the association between household and child food insecurity and childhood obesity in an urban setting of Ethiopia. METHODS An observational population based cross-sectional study was conducted in five sub-cities of Addis Ababa. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to identify the study unit from the selected sub-cities. Multivariable logistic regression models with robust estimation of standard errors were utilized to determine the associations. Interactions by age and sex in the associations explored were tested. RESULTS A total of 632 children and adolescents-parent dyads were included in the study. About 29.4% of those in food secure households and 25% of those in food insecure households were overweight/obese. Similarly, 29.8% of food secure children and 22% of food insecure children were overweight/obese. Household and child food insecurity status were not significantly associated with child and adolescent overweight or obesity in the final adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Household and childhood food insecurity status were not associated with child and adolescent overweight/obesity in the study setting. Interventions aimed at combating overweight and obesity in the study setting should target children and adolescents irrespective of their food security status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibhatu Biadgilign
- Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Mekdes K Gebremariam
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tennyson Mgutshini
- Department of Health Studies, College of Human Science, University of South Africa, PO Box 392, Preller Street, Pretoria, 0003, South Africa
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24
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Food insecurity and the double burden of malnutrition in Colombian rural households. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4417-4429. [PMID: 34218842 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine in Colombian rural households the association between different severity levels of household food insecurity and the presence of the double burden of malnutrition (SCOWT), defined as the coexistence of a stunted child under 5 years of age and an overweight or obese (OWOB) mother. DESIGN A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the Colombian National Nutritional Survey (ENSIN) 2015. Household food insecurity status was assessed by using the Latin-American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The household SCOWT status (child stunting and OWOB mother) was determined using anthropometric data from a mother and her child. SETTING Rural Colombia. PARTICIPANTS Totally, 2·350 mother-child pairs living in the same household. RESULTS Sixty-two per cent of the households were food-insecure and SCOWT was present in 7·8 % of the households. Moderate (OR: 2·39, 95 % CI (1·36, 4·21)) and severe (OR: 1·86, 95 % CI (1·10, 3·15)) food insecurity was associated with SCOWT in an unadjusted logistic regression. Only moderate food insecurity remained significantly associated with SCOWT in a multivariate logistic regression (adjusted OR: 2·41, 95 % CI (1·24, 4·68)). CONCLUSIONS Colombian rural areas are not exempt from the worldwide concern of increasing OWOB rates while stunting is still persistent. These results highlight the need of implementing double-duty rural actions targeting the most vulnerable households to SCOWT, particularly in terms of overcoming food insecurity beyond hunger satisfaction to prevent all forms of malnutrition.
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Anemia and Nutritional Status of Syrian Refugee Mothers and Their Children under Five Years in Greater Beirut, Lebanon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136894. [PMID: 34199032 PMCID: PMC8297067 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to assess the prevalence of anemia and nutritional status of mothers and children under five years among Syrian refugees in Lebanon and to identify nutritional deficiencies among pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant non-lactating (NPNLM) mothers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Syrian refugee mothers with children under five years in Greater Beirut, Lebanon (n = 433). Data on socio-economic status, maternal health, lifestyle characteristics, dietary intake, anthropometric measurements, and hemoglobin concentrations were collected. The prevalence of anemia was 21.7% among mothers and 30.5% among children. NPNLM with overweight/obesity and an at-risk waist circumference (WC) had 14.7-times and 10.9-times higher odds of anemia than mothers with normal WC and weight. Children of anemic mothers had 2.7-times and 4.4-times higher odds of total and mild anemia than those of non-anemic. Higher odds of mild anemia were found among children of lactating mothers than of NPNLM. A high percent energy intake of total fat and sugar was found among all mothers. Nutritional inadequacy was identified in higher proportions of lactating and pregnant mothers than NPNLM. Our findings highlighted the co-existence of overnutrition and anemia among Syrian refugee mothers and undernutrition among children from the same household. Culture-specific interventions are needed to support maternal nutrition, to ensure the health and wellbeing of their offspring.
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Voglino C, Tirone A, Ciuoli C, Benenati N, Bufano A, Croce F, Gaggelli I, Vuolo ML, Badalucco S, Berardi G, Cuomo R, Castagna MG, Vuolo G. Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score and Micronutrient Deficiency in Bariatric Patients: Midterm Outcomes of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass/Mini Gastric Bypass. Obes Surg 2021; 31:3715-3726. [PMID: 34031850 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two of the most common bariatric procedures performed worldwide are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Comparative data regarding nutritional status are lacking and no previous study focus on malnutrition according to a validated score. METHODS Retrospective data from a single institution were reviewed. Anthropometric variables and nutritional data were assessed. The primary aim was to analyze and compare the nutritional status before and 3 years after RYGB vs OAGB using the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score. The incidence of micronutrient deficiency and the remission of comorbidities in each group were defined as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients in each arm were enrolled. A 3-year mild malnutrition (CONUT score 2-3) was found in 38% and 37.05% in the RYGB and OAGB groups, respectively (p > 0.05). In terms of percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) and percentage of adjustable weight loss (%AWL), no differences were found between OAGB and RYGB groups. OAGB and RYGB patients had similar vitamin deficiencies. Anemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypocalcemia were comparable between groups. At 3-year follow-up, total protein and albumin values were similar between arms while prealbumin deficit was more frequent after OAGB than after RYGB. The rate of type 2 diabetes (87.5% in OAGB and 92% in RYGB), arterial hypertension (51.6% in OAGB and 58.3% in RYGB), and dyslipidemia (69.7% in OAGB and 78.6% in RYGB) remission was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative CONUT score, micronutrient deficiency, comorbidity remission, and improvement of anthropometric parameters 3 years postoperatively were comparable between RYGB and OAGB groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Voglino
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Tirone
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Ciuoli
- Department of medicine, surgery and neurosciences - Unit of Endocrinology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico "Le Scotte", 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Benenati
- Department of medicine, surgery and neurosciences - Unit of Endocrinology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico "Le Scotte", 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bufano
- Department of medicine, surgery and neurosciences - Unit of Endocrinology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico "Le Scotte", 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Croce
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging - Hospital Campostaggia, Campostaggia, 53036, Poggibonsi, SI, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gaggelli
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Vuolo
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Badalucco
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Berardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Cuomo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences - Unit of Plastic Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Castagna
- Department of medicine, surgery and neurosciences - Unit of Endocrinology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico "Le Scotte", 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vuolo
- Department of general and specialized surgery - Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Mushroom Nutrition as Preventative Healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The defining characteristics of the traditional Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) cuisine have been the richness in indigenous foods and ingredients, herbs and spices, fermented foods and beverages, and healthy and whole ingredients used. It is crucial to safeguard the recognized benefits of mainstream traditional foods and ingredients, which gradually eroded in the last decades. Notwithstanding poverty, chronic hunger, malnutrition, and undernourishment in the region, traditional eating habits have been related to positive health outcomes and sustainability. The research prevailed dealing with food availability and access rather than the health, nutrition, and diet quality dimensions of food security based on what people consume per country and on the missing data related to nutrient composition of indigenous foods. As countries become more economically developed, they shift to “modern” occidental foods rich in saturated fats, salt, sugar, fizzy beverages, and sweeteners. As a result, there are increased incidences of previously unreported ailments due to an unbalanced diet. Protein-rich foods in dietary guidelines enhance only those of animal or plant sources, while rich protein sources such as mushrooms have been absent in these charts, even in developed countries. This article considers the valorization of traditional African foodstuffs and ingredients, enhancing the importance of establishing food-based dietary guidelines per country. The crux of this review highlights the potential of mushrooms, namely some underutilized in the SSA, which is the continent’s little exploited gold mine as one of the greatest untapped resources for feeding and providing income for Africa’s growing population, which could play a role in shielding Sub-Saharan Africans against the side effects of an unhealthy stylish diet.
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McGlone PJ, Li LT, Bokshan SL, O'Donnell R, Owens BD. Preoperative malnutrition increases odds of hospital admission and extended length of stay following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2021; 49:236-240. [PMID: 32928015 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1824535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotator cuff repair (RCR) is a common orthopedic procedure frequently performed in the outpatient setting. Malnutrition, as assessed by preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dL, has been independently associated with significantly higher risks of multiple adverse outcomes in several orthopedic procedures. The effect of preoperative hypoalbuminemia on short-term outcomes of RCR was previously unknown. HYPOTHESIS we hypothesized that preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dL would be associated with higher odds of post-operative admission and prolonged length of stay. METHODS This study represents a retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (NSQIP) for patients undergoing RCR between 2011 and 2015. RESULTS Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for sex, ASA classification, age, BMI, and diabetes status (Table 3) showed preoperative hypoalbuminemia conferred a significantly increased adjusted odds ratio of postoperative admission (adjusted odds ratio 1.711, CI 1.134-2.583, p = 0.011) and extended length of stay (adjusted odds ratio 2.073, CI 1.073-4.003, p = 0.030). CONCLUSION Malnutrition as assessed by preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dL is significantly associated with increased odds of hospital admission and extended length of stay following arthroscopic RCR. This has clinical implications in surgical patient selection and risk stratification. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, Retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J McGlone
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lambert T Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Steven L Bokshan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ryan O'Donnell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brett D Owens
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
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Skinner K, Tait Neufeld H, Murray E, Hajto S, Andrews L, Garrett A. Sharing Indigenous Foods Through Stories and Recipes. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2021; 82:11-15. [PMID: 32902310 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2020-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Participants at the second National Gathering of the Aboriginal Nutrition Network (ANN) were encouraged to submit their favourite traditional recipes. Approximately 40 were received, and a volunteer working group contacted contributors to assist in the creation of a recipe resource with a selection of 12 recipes that included traditional ingredients to promote Indigenous foodways. All contributors were interviewed to share stories about their recipes. Each recipe was then tested, photographed, and developed into a resource handout that was disseminated to a variety of stakeholders. Afterwards, a brief survey was conducted with ANN recipients of the recipes (n = 23) to evaluate the recipe collection. When asked, "Prior to learning about this resource, was a collection of recipes using traditional foods something that you or the communities you work with were interested in?" all respondents answered yes. Nearly all found the recipes easy to follow (91%), and that they were applicable to the interests or needs of the communities they work with (83%). Preserving recipes and building opportunities for dietitians and other health professionals to contribute to traditional food recipe collections facilitates increased knowledge transfer, enhanced cross-cultural understanding, and is generally a useful tool for those working with Indigenous Peoples in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
| | - Hannah Tait Neufeld
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
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Mas-Harithulfadhli-Agus AR, Hamid NA, Rohana AJ. Rural child malnutrition and unsuccessful outcome of food basket programme: does ethnicity matter? ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2021; 26:264-279. [PMID: 30041543 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1494820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among five-year-olds and factors associated with unsuccessful outcome of a Food Basket Programme (FBP) in a rural district of Kelantan, Malaysia.Design: Administrative health records from selected health clinics were reviewed. Study sample includes indigenous population or Orang Asli of Malaysia. Unsuccessful outcome was defined according to failure to complete the programme according to growth gain and on-time. Multiple logistics regression was used to assess the associated factors of unsuccessful outcome of FBP.Results: This study showed that the prevalence rates of malnutrition among children below five years old were 34.2% underweight, 16.4% thinness, 32.5% stunting and 3.0% overweight, with Orang Asli children faring the worse. Orang Asli children were also five times more likely to be unsuccessful in the FBP (p < .001).Conclusion: Malnutrition is still prevalent among children below five years old in this rural setting and Orang Asli children are vulnerable to have an unsuccessful outcome from the Food Basket Programme. Further research is necessary to further explain this association to inform policy, specifically for Orang Asli children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Mas-Harithulfadhli-Agus
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - N A Hamid
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - A J Rohana
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Liang K, Chi X, Chen ST, Clark CCT, Zhang Y, Wang J. Food Insecurity and Bullying Victimization Among 170,618 Adolescents in 59 Countries. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:766804. [PMID: 34858236 PMCID: PMC8631901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.766804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bullying victimization can impose long-lasting impacts on adolescent's current and subsequent well-being. Understanding the correlates of bullying victimization and how to prevent its occurrence is an urgent need. Food insecurity, an indicator of low socioeconomic status, may be related to bullying victimization. However, research on the association between food insecurity and bullying victimization is limited. Using a representative global sample, this study aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and bullying victimization in adolescents and whether the association varied between country income levels, sexes, and age groups. Methods: Using cross-sectional, school-based data by 170,618 adolescents in 59 countries from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the overall, country-stratified, sex-stratified, and age-stratified associations. Results: The prevalence of bullying victimization was 33.3%. In the total sample, adolescents with food insecurity showed significantly higher odds for bullying victimization than those without no food insecurity with a pooled odds ratio (OR) being 1.37 (1.28, 1.47). Further, the association was stronger in higher-income countries, females, and older adolescents. Conclusions: Bullying victimization is prevalent among global adolescents with food insecurity being a significant correlate. The identification of adolescents with perceptions of food insecurity and remedying this condition may be important to reduce the prevalence of bullying. This highlights the need to design and implement sex- and age-specific interventions focusing on remedying food insecurity and bullying victimization among in-school adolescents by taking country income levels into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Yanjie Zhang
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Physical Education Unit, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Public Policy and Management, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, China.,Urban Management Research Center, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, China.,Department of Psychology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the current evidence about the ways in which food insecurity relates to obesity in children and adolescents, examining diet and diet-related behaviors, and taking into consideration the role of stress. RECENT FINDINGS While living with food insecurity impacts stress and diet-related behaviors in children and adolescents, it is not clear whether food insecurity is associated with obesity above and beyond the influence of poverty. However, strategies to mitigate food insecurity and obesity are inherently connected, and recent examples from clinical practice (e.g., screening for food insecurity among patients) and advocacy (e.g., policy considerations regarding federal food programs such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP) are discussed. Food insecurity and obesity coexist in low-income children and adolescents in the USA. The COVID-19 pandemic exerts disproportionate burden on low-income children and families, magnifying their vulnerability to both food insecurity and pediatric obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- June M Tester
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, 744 52nd Street, Oakland, 94609, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 4th Floor Box 0110, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Lisa G Rosas
- Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cindy W Leung
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Abstract
Background: : Indonesia is facing a double burden of malnutrition (DBM). Double-duty action was promoted by WHO in 2017 which aims to tackle the double burden of malnutrition simultaneously. Objectives: This study analyzed factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition and potential of double-duty action (DDA) that is suitable for Indonesia Methods: This study is a provincial-level aggregate data set from Indonesia Basic Health Survey 2018 and National Socio-Economic Survey 2018 which covered 34 provinces. A serious DBM characterized by persistent stunting (children under five) ≥30% and coexisting overweight and obesity in adults ≥30% at the same time. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze factors associated with DBM.Results: High prevalence of stunting and overweight and obesity in almost all provinces di Indonesia. Seventeen provinces were having a serious DBM. Health care access, exclusive breastfeeding and socio-economic associated with DBM. There were 4 potential DDA for Indonesia: health care which consist of antenatal care, maternal and child care, exclusive breastfeeding, child growth monitoring, and social safety net. Conclusions: Addressing the DBM through four potential DDA can be a new paradigm, mindset, and critical importance in achieving Indonesia’s target in reducing under and over nutrition simultaneously.
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Prevalence and associated factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age group in the Maldives: Evidence from a nationally representative study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241621. [PMID: 33119696 PMCID: PMC7595427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Global epidemiological transition across various countries have documented the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition. South Asian countries are facing this public health hazard in remarkable manner. To enrich the evidence and relation with women’s health in the Maldives, this study was undertaken to examine the prevalence and associated factors of underweight, overweight and obesity among reproductive age women. Methods This study was conducted utilizing data from the Maldives Demographic and Health Survey 2016–17. After presenting descriptive analyses, multivariable logistic regression analysis method was used to examine the prevalence and associations between different nutritional status categories. These were grouped based on the WHO recommended cut-off value and relevant socio-demographic determinants among reproductive age women. Results A total weighted sample of 6,634 reproductive age Maldivian women (15–49 years) were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 63%, while the underweight prevalence was 10%. The younger age group (15–24 years) had a higher prevalence of underweight (26%). On the other hand, an overweight and obesity prevalence of 82.6% was observed among the older age group (35–49 years). Regression analysis showed that residents of the North and Central Provinces, those in the higher quintiles of wealth index, married women and those with parity of more than two children, were all significantly negatively correlated to being underweight. Increased age, being married or separated/divorced/widowed and having more than three children was found to have a significant positive association with overweight and obesity. Conclusions Maldives is facing nutritional transition and a major public health hazard demonstrated by the high burden of overweight and obesity and persistence of chronic problem of undernutrition. Surveillance of vulnerable individuals with identified socio-demographic factors and cost-effective interventions are highly recommended to address the persistent underweight status and the emerging problem of overweight/obesity.
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Mansour R, Liamputtong P, Arora A. Prevalence, Determinants, and Effects of Food Insecurity among Middle Eastern and North African Migrants and Refugees in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197262. [PMID: 33020437 PMCID: PMC7579266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Issues related to poverty and income inequality in high-income countries have led to food insecurity among some population groups, such as migrants and refugees. While there are some studies on the experience of some migrant groups (and other subpopulations), little is known about food security among Middle Eastern and African migrants and refugees. This systematic review identified the prevalence of food insecurity and its effects among Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) migrants and refugees in high-income countries. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in this systematic review. Four databases, namely MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), and PubMed were searched. Three studies met the inclusion criteria, all of which were conducted in USA: two among Sudanese migrant families, and one among Somali refugee women. The rates of reported food insecurity ranged from 40% to 71% and were significantly higher than for the general population. Food insecurity was associated with acculturation and socio-economic factors. Food insecurity adversely impacts the health of MENA migrants and refugees, creating economic implications for individuals, families, the broader community in which they now live, and for governments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reima Mansour
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (P.L.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-4-2682-8215
| | - Pranee Liamputtong
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (P.L.); (A.A.)
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (P.L.); (A.A.)
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
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Siddiqui F, Salam RA, Lassi ZS, Das JK. The Intertwined Relationship Between Malnutrition and Poverty. Front Public Health 2020; 8:453. [PMID: 32984245 PMCID: PMC7485412 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite social and economic development, the burden of malnutrition across the globe remains unacceptably high. A vital relationship exists between nutritional status, human capital, and economic standing. Malnutrition adversely affects the physiological and mental capacity of individuals; which in turn hampers productivity levels, making them and their respective countries more susceptible to poverty. A two-way link exists between malnutrition and poverty, creating a vicious cycle with each fueling the other. Malnutrition produces conditions of poverty by reducing the economic potential of the population and likewise, poverty reinforces malnutrition by increasing the risk of food insecurity. The aim of the paper is to describe the interconnection between malnutrition and poverty, and to highlight how both serve as the cause and consequence of each other. The paper also discusses ways to move ahead to tackle these issues in a parallel manner rather than in separate silos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faareha Siddiqui
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rehana A. Salam
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohra S. Lassi
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jai K. Das
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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El Zein A, Colby SE, Zhou W, Shelnutt KP, Greene GW, Horacek TM, Olfert MD, Mathews AE. Food Insecurity Is Associated with Increased Risk of Obesity in US College Students. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa120. [PMID: 32793850 PMCID: PMC7408225 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity affects millions of Americans and college students are especially vulnerable. Little is known about the relation of food insecurity with weight status and dietary intake during this critical phase of emerging adulthood. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the sex-specific associations of food insecurity with obesity and dietary intake among college students. The study also explored these associations by meal plan (MP) enrollment. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 683 second-year students at 8 universities in the United States. Food security status and dietary intake were assessed using the USDA Adult Food Security Survey and the Dietary Screener Questionnaire, respectively. On-site anthropometrics were measured by researchers. RESULTS The prevalence of food insecurity at the universities ranged from 19.0% to 34.1% with a mean of 25.4% for the entire sample. Compared with high food security, marginal food security and food insecurity were associated with 3.16 (95% CI: 1.55, 6.46) and 5.13 (95% CI: 2.63, 10.00) times increased odds of obesity, respectively, exhibiting a dose-response relation. Food insecurity remained a significant predictor of obesity among both sexes after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Food-insecure (FI) students had a significantly lower intake of fruits and vegetables and higher intake of added sugars than food-secure (FS) students. Obesity rate and added sugars consumption were higher among FI students with MPs than among FI students lacking MPs and FS students regardless of MP status. Among students with MPs, FS students had a higher intake of fruits and vegetables than FI students. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity was associated with obesity and poor dietary intake among both sexes. Although MP subsidies may be a reasoned approach to combat food insecurity, it should be coupled with efforts to assist students in making healthy food choices.Registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02941497.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel El Zein
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah E Colby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Karla P Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Geoffrey W Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Tanya M Horacek
- Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Anne E Mathews
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Tewksbury C, Crowley N, Parrott JM, Andromalos L, Isom KA, Smith E, Allison KC. Weight Loss Prior to Bariatric Surgery and 30-Day Mortality, Readmission, Reoperation, and Intervention: an MBSAQIP Analysis of 349,016 Cases. Obes Surg 2020; 29:3622-3628. [PMID: 31240533 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite preoperative weight loss being a common prerequisite to metabolic and bariatric surgery, its relationship to 30-day postoperative outcomes is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess whether preoperative weight loss is associated with 30-day postoperative quality outcomes in adults undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery. METHODS Retrospective cohort study assessing adults who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy in the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File, years 2015-2017. The relationship between preoperative weight loss and 30-day readmission, reoperation, mortality, intervention, and morbidity was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Preoperative weight loss, body mass index loss, and percent weight loss were not associated with 30-day postoperative overall readmission, reoperation, mortality, or intervention (p > 0.01). Preoperative percent weight loss was associated with increased incidence of superficial surgical site infections (OR = 1.023, 95% CI 1.009-1.036; p = 0.001) and urinary tract infections (OR = 1.044, 95% CI 1.030-1.059; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Weight loss prior to metabolic and bariatric surgery may not be necessary or safe for all patients. Unsafe weight loss prior to surgery may compromise nutrition status and lead to increased infection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Tewksbury
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4th Floor, Silverstein Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Nina Crowley
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Julie M Parrott
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4th Floor, Silverstein Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Kellene A Isom
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Smith
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4th Floor, Silverstein Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kelly C Allison
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4th Floor, Silverstein Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Factors Associated with the Nutritional Status among Male Workers of Iron and Steel Industries in Bara District, Nepal. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:7432716. [PMID: 32685207 PMCID: PMC7338971 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7432716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity are major serious public health problems, since their prevalence is accelerating rapidly not only in developed but also in developing countries. The aim of this study was to find out the factors associated with the nutritional status of the industrial workers in Bara District of Nepal. Methods An industry-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the 271 male workers using pretested semistructured questionnaires, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hour recall method, and anthropometric measurement after obtaining informed consent from the workers. For the categorical independent variables, bivariate and multivariate regression tests were used for the analysis, and for numerical independent variables, Student's t-test was used. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Ethical approval was taken from the Research Committee of the College of Applied Food and Diary Technology (CAFODAT). Results Overweight /obesity was observed among 27.3% of the participants of which 22.1% were overweight and 5.2% were obese. Age (OR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.346-4.823); ethnicity, Brahmin/Chhetri (OR: 6.14; 95% CI: 1.971-19.123) and Madhesi (OR: 4.641; 95% CI: 1.534-14.04); and smoking (OR: 4.165; 95% CI: 1.972-8.80) were associated with nutritional status of industrial workers. Additionally, food frequency (OR: 2.232; 95% CI: 1.101-4.522), dietary diversity, and total calorie intake were also significantly associated with nutritional status of industrial workers. Conclusions The study has indicated that more than one-fourth of workers of iron and steel industries in Bara District of Nepal are overweight or obese. Different sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors and lifestyle-related factors were associated with overweight and obesity. There is need for programs for industrial workers focused on nutrition education to raise awareness about nutrition-related problems and risk factors.
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Tanumihardjo SA, McCulley L, Roh R, Lopez-Ridaura S, Palacios-Rojas N, Gunaratna NS. Maize agro-food systems to ensure food and nutrition security in reference to the Sustainable Development Goals. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2019.100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Johansen C, Reynolds KD, Wolch J, Byrne J, Chou CP, Boyle S, Spruijt-Metz D, Lienemann BA, Weaver S, Jerrett M. The Association of Trail Features With Self-Report Trail Use by Neighborhood Residents. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:715-722. [PMID: 32464596 PMCID: PMC8274481 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban trails are a useful resource to promote physical activity. This study identified features of urban trails that correlated with trail use. METHODS Multiuse urban trails were selected in Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles. An audit of each trail was completed using the Systematic Pedestrian and Cyclist Environmental Scan for Trails instrument, identifying built environmental features. A self-report of trail use was obtained from trailside residents (N = 331) living within 1 mile of each trail. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regressions controlled for trail time from home and motivation for physical activity. RESULTS Positive associations with the past month's hours on the trail were observed for the presence of distance signs, vegetation height, vegetation maintenance, and trail crowding, and a negative association was observed for the presence of crossings on the trail. Positive associations with dichotomous trail use were observed for the presence of distance signs, vegetation height, and vegetation maintenance, and a negative association was observed for the presence of crossings on the trail. CONCLUSIONS These correlates should be confirmed in other studies and, if supported, should be considered in the promotion and design of urban trails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim D. Reynolds
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University
| | - Jennifer Wolch
- College of Environmental Design, University of California Berkeley
| | - Jason Byrne
- School of Technology, Environments and Design, University of Tasmania
| | | | - Sarah Boyle
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University
| | - Donna Spruijt-Metz
- Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California
| | | | | | - Michael Jerrett
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles
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Bishwajit G, Yaya S. Overweight and obesity among under-five children in South Asia. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2020.1769992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ghose Bishwajit
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- School of International Development and Global Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Aktary ML, Caron-Roy S, Sajobi T, O'Hara H, Leblanc P, Dunn S, McCormack GR, Timmins D, Ball K, Downs S, Minaker LM, Nykiforuk CI, Godley J, Milaney K, Lashewicz B, Fournier B, Elliott C, Raine KD, Prowse RJ, Olstad DL. Impact of a farmers' market nutrition coupon programme on diet quality and psychosocial well-being among low-income adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial and a longitudinal qualitative investigation. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035143. [PMID: 32371514 PMCID: PMC7228519 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low-income populations have poorer diet quality and lower psychosocial well-being than their higher-income counterparts. These inequities increase the burden of chronic disease in low-income populations. Farmers' market subsidies may improve diet quality and psychosocial well-being among low-income populations. In Canada, the British Columbia (BC) Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Programme (FMNCP) aims to improve dietary patterns and health among low-income participants by providing coupons to purchase healthy foods from farmers' markets. This study will assess the impact of the BC FMNCP on the diet quality and psychosocial well-being of low-income adults and explore mechanisms of programme impacts. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In a parallel group randomised controlled trial, low-income adults will be randomised to an FMNCP intervention (n=132) or a no-intervention control group (n=132). The FMNCP group will receive 16 coupon sheets valued at CAD$21/sheet over 10-15 weeks to purchase fruits, vegetables, dairy, meat/poultry/fish, eggs, nuts and herbs at farmers' markets and will be invited to participate in nutrition skill-building activities. Overall diet quality (primary outcome), diet quality subscores, mental well-being, sense of community, food insecurity and malnutrition risk (secondary outcomes) will be assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and 16 weeks post-intervention. Dietary intake will be assessed using the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Recall. Diet quality will be calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015. Repeated measures mixed-effect regression will assess differences in outcomes between groups from baseline to 16 weeks post-intervention. Furthermore, 25-30 participants will partake in semi-structured interviews during and 5 weeks after programme completion to explore participants' experiences with and perceived outcomes from the programme. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Calgary Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, Rutgers University Ethics and Compliance, and University of Waterloo Office of Research Ethics. Findings will be disseminated through policy briefs, conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03952338.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Aktary
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Tolulope Sajobi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather O'Hara
- British Columbia Association of Farmers' Markets, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Leblanc
- British Columbia Association of Farmers' Markets, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sharlette Dunn
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dianne Timmins
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shauna Downs
- School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Leia M Minaker
- School of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jenny Godley
- Department of Sociology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katrina Milaney
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bonnie Lashewicz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bonnie Fournier
- School of Nursing, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charlene Elliott
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Communication Media and Film, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim D Raine
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rachel Jl Prowse
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dana Lee Olstad
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) hotspots are defined as countries, regions, communities, or ethnicities with a higher than average incidence of CKD when compared with the worldwide, country, or regional rates. Here, we describe what is known about socially determined CKD hotspots, that is, the burden of CKD among socially defined communities that often collocate geographically. We focus on the poor, the homeless, and the food insecure, and their intersection with other social determinants of health, including race/ethnicity. In addition to discussing the burden of CKD in these communities, we describe some efforts to mitigate this burden and identify gaps in current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidra C Crews
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, Maryland; Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Tessa K Novick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, Maryland; Johns Hopkins Center for Health Equity, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
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Hashan MR, Das Gupta R, Day B, Al Kibria GM. Differences in prevalence and associated factors of underweight and overweight/obesity according to rural-urban residence strata among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: evidence from a cross-sectional national survey. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034321. [PMID: 32024791 PMCID: PMC7045126 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the differences in prevalence and factors influencing underweight and overweight/obesity stratified by region of residence among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh. DESIGN Secondary analysis of cross-sectional nationwide data. SETTING This study used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014 data. PARTICIPANTS A weighted sample of 16 478 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) were included in the analysis. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Using the Asian-specific cut-off for body mass index, the primary outcome of this study was categorised as: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 to <23.0) kg/m2 and overweight/obese (≥23.0 kg/m2) stratified according to rural-urban residence. RESULTS More than half of urban women (53%, n=2493) and one-third of rural women (33%, n=3968) were found to be overweight/obese. Around one-fifth of rural women (21%, n=2490) and almost one in eight urban women (12%, n=571) were reported as underweight. In the final multivariable analyses, increasing age, higher educational status and higher order wealth quintile, each had a significant positive association with being overweight/obese and an inverse association with being underweight. Urban unmarried women had lower odds of being overweight/obese compared with their married counterparts. Rural women who used contraceptives had significantly decreased odds (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9) of being underweight compared with contraceptive non-users; no such association was noted in urban women. Women from Sylhet division in both urban (AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.5) and rural regions (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.8) had increased odds of being underweight compared with women in Barisal division. CONCLUSIONS This study found association of multiple factors with both overweight/obesity and underweight among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age. Public health programmes in Bangladesh aiming to prevent the double burden of malnutrition should focus these factors through comprehensive public awareness and cost-effective operational health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- Respiratory and Enteric Infections Department, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajat Das Gupta
- Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brendan Day
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Duh-Leong C, Braganza S. Social Networks and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in a Pediatric Urban Academic Practice. Behav Med 2020; 46:1-8. [PMID: 30481137 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2018.1534077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is linked to childhood obesity. The risk of increased SSB consumption is multifactorial. Limited studies have examined children's SSB consumption and social networks. In order to examine the association between SSB consumption and SSB preferences of a child's social network, a cross-sectional survey was administered to patients aged 8-17 years from June to September 2016. In a questionnaire, subjects completed a beverage consumption recall, identified people important to them along with each person's favorite beverage, and answered questions about habits, environment, and attitudes. Subjects with higher SSB consumption (>16 fl oz) were compared to subjects with lower SSB consumption (≤16 fl oz). 202 surveyed: 55% female, 53% Hispanic, 45% Black, 28% overweight or obese. Children drank an average of 3 cups/day of SSBs, range of 0-15 cups/day. Social networks included caregiver, relative, and friend. Subjects with higher SSB consumption (n = 96) were compared to those with lower SSB consumption (n = 106). We found children with higher SSB consumption had higher odds of reporting a higher number of people in their immediate social networks who prefer SSB, adjusted for habits, environment, and attitudes (aOR 1.41; 95% CI: 1.02-1.99; p < 0.05). Children are more likely to have higher SSB consumption if they list people in their immediate social network who prefer SSB as their favorite drink. Further research is required to explore the influence of social networks on health behaviors of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Duh-Leong
- Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine/Bellevue Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Braganza
- Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
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Drammeh W, Hamid NA, Rohana A. Determinants of Household Food Insecurity and Its Association with Child Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of the Literature. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.7.3.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Food insecurity is a global public health challenge. Household food insecurity is the leading risk factor of malnutrition, claiming approximately 300,000 deaths each year. Whether directly or indirectly, due to inadequate food consumption and poor diet quality, it is also accountable for over half of all deaths among children in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that the prevalence of food-insecure individuals in the area will reach 17 million by the year 2021. Inadequate nutrition may result in low immunity, impaired physical and mental development and reduced productivity among children under five years and throughout the life course. This review article attempts to discuss the various household food insecurity determinants and their association with child malnutrition in a Sub-Saharan Africa context. The purposes of this article are to inform governments, policymakers and service providers regarding the importance of household food security and its determinants on child malnutrition, and to plan strategies to improve the household food security status in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyeh Drammeh
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
| | - Noor Aman Hamid
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
| | - A.J. Rohana
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
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Prevalence of Underweight and Overweight and Its Association with Physical Fitness in Egyptian Schoolchildren. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010075. [PMID: 31861878 PMCID: PMC6981920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Underweight and overweight are serious health concerns for many children and could be associated with low physical-fitness levels. This study aimed (i) to evaluate the prevalence of underweight and overweight and (ii) to examine its association with the physical fitness levels in primary male and female schoolchildren. Including 13 government primary-schools, a cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2014 and 2017. Anthropometric characteristics together with the physical-fitness level were measured in 931 schoolchildren aged between 6- and 11-years old. The prevalence of under- and overweight children were 8.49% and 24.06%, respectively. These proportions were not significantly different between males and females and were affected by age (p < 0.001), with a higher prevalence of overweight and a lower prevalence of underweight at 9–11 years, compared to 6–8 years old. Concerning the physical fitness levels, statistical analysis showed a better performance among males compared to females, among participants aged 9–11 years, compared to 6–8 years old, and among underweight and normal-weight, compared to overweight children (p < 0.001). There was a higher prevalence of overweight and lower prevalence of underweight at 9–11 years compared to 6–8 years old. Physical fitness levels were better in (i) males, compared to females, (ii) schoolchildren aged 9–11 years, compared to 6–8 years old, and (iii) underweight and normal-weight, compared to overweight children.
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Kay A, Leidman E, Lopez V, Wilkinson C, Tondeur M, Bilukha O. The burden of anaemia among displaced women and children in refugee settings worldwide, 2013-2016. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4:e001837. [PMID: 31798995 PMCID: PMC6861076 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Displaced persons have a unique risk for developing anaemia due to often limited diets, overcrowding, new infections and inadequate sanitation and hygiene. The lack of anaemia prevalence estimates among the displaced inhibit global planning for anaemia reduction. Methods We analysed population representative, cross-sectional nutrition surveys from 2013 to 2016 conducted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and partner agencies. Included surveys measured haemoglobin concentration among children 6–59 months, non-pregnant women 15–49 years, or both groups. For each survey, we calculated mean haemoglobin and prevalence of total anaemia (<110 g/L in children, <120 g/L in women), and classified public health severity following WHO guidelines. Pearson correlations between indicators from women and children surveys were calculated where both subpopulations were measured. Results Analysis included 196 surveys among children and 184 surveys among women from 121 unique refugee settings in 24 countries. The median prevalence of total anaemia in children and women was 44% and 28%, respectively. Sixty-one per cent of child surveys indicated a problem of severe public health importance compared with 25% of surveys in women. The prevalence of total anaemia in children and women was strongly correlated (ρ=0.80). Median prevalence of total anaemia was approximately 55% greater and mean haemoglobin was 6 g/L lower among children age 6–23 months compared with children 24–59 months. West and Central Africa region had the highest median prevalence of anaemia both in women and children. Conclusion While the burden of anaemia is high among the displaced, it mirrors that of the general population. Haemoglobin should continue to be measured in nutrition surveys in refugee settings. Sustained, multisectoral efforts to reduce anaemia are needed, with specific focus on children under 2 years of age and refugee settings in the West and Central Africa region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Kay
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eva Leidman
- Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Velma Lopez
- Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Caroline Wilkinson
- Division of Programme Support and Management, Public Health Section, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Melody Tondeur
- Division of Programme Support and Management, Public Health Section, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oleg Bilukha
- Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Bacelo AC, Cople-Rodrigues CDS, Gonçalves JL, Borges Quintana MDS, Torres PR, Cardoso CSDA, Silva MPD, Espirito Santo R, Almeida CFD, Silva PSD, Brito PDD. Nutritional status of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 patients: A retrospective study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019; 34:32-36. [PMID: 31677708 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The nutritional status of people with human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) infection has been poorly described because it involves a neglected disease. The few studies that have been conducted mostly involve people with neurologic consequences and the possible clinical evolutions of the disease. The aim of this study was to describe the nutritional status of patients with HTLV-1, including those with associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, and to evaluate food security in these patients. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted in people with HTLV-1 admitted to a referral hospital. We collected data from 17 medical records, including anthropometric data (i.e., body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, triceps skinfold, and mid-arm muscle circumference), laboratory test results (i.e., haemoglobin, haematocrit, albumin, globulin, iron fixation capacity, and iron), the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method, and food security (Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale) data. The data were analysed using the R-project software. To evaluate possible associations between the outcomes and predictors (age at hospitalisation, food security, presence of children <18 years of age living in the household, income, schooling, ANSG, BMI, difference between ideal weight and hospitalisation, TSF, MUAC ICU days, hospitalisation outcome, rehospitalisation in the first year after discharge, interval between readmissions, death, associated conditions, constipation upon admission), we used Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Fisher's exact, chi-square tests with continuity correction, and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Hypothesis tests were considered statistically significant when p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 57 (52-60) years. The patients were predominantly women (59%) and had an income lower than the local minimum wage with at least 6 years of schooling (52.3%). Only 18.2% of patients were eutrophic according to their BMI and 23.5% of patients were malnourished based on the SGA method. Patients predominantly had food security (64.7%) and good intestinal functions (64.7%) during their hospital stay. CONCLUSION Despite having a limited number of patients in this study, HTLV-1 patients admitted to hospital are at high risk of malnutrition based on the scores from the SGA method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Costa Bacelo
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Lauar Gonçalves
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana
- Clinical Research Platform, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brazil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Paloma Ribeiro Torres
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Santos De Aguiar Cardoso
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Marlete Pereira da Silva
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel Espirito Santo
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Fonseca de Almeida
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Simplicio da Silva
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Dias de Brito
- Nutrition Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro/RJ 21040-900, Brazil
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