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Zhao X, Zhang H, Yu J, Liu N. Independent and combined associations of handgrip strength and walking speed with cognitive function in older adults: evidence from a national cross-sectional study. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38835194 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2360018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although there have been studies on the association of handgrip strength or walking speed alone with cognitive abilities, few studies have determined the combined associations of handgrip strength and walking speed with cognitive function. Therefore we aimed to explore the independent and combined associations of handgrip strength and walking speed with cognitive function in Chinese older adults using a nationally representative sample. METHOD This cross-sectional study included 4,577 adults aged 60 and older. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer and walking speed was assessed using a 2.5-meter walking test. Both handgrip strength and walking speed were organized into low, normal, and high tertiles according to the sample distribution. Cognitive function was measured using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. RESULTS Handgrip strength and walking speed were significantly associated with cognitive function. Participants with low handgrip strength or low walking speed separately had a higher rate of lower cognitive function (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04 - 1.44) for low handgrip strength; 1.54 (95% CI: 1.31 - 1.81) for low walking speed). Those with both low handgrip strength and low walking speed had an additively higher rate of lower cognitive function (adjusted OR: 1.72 (95% CI: 1.32 - 2.24)). CONCLUSION Having low handgrip strength or low walking speed is associated with a greater likelihood of lower cognitive function and vice versa. The concurrence of having low handgrip strength and low walking speed has an additive effect on cognitive function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Zhao
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Finance and Trade College, Xingcheng, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiabin Yu
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Katsurasako T, Murata S, Goda A, Shiraiwa K, Horie J, Abiko T, Nakano H. Relationship between Mild Cognitive Impairment, Pre-Frailty, Physical and Psychological Functioning, and Functional Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2542. [PMID: 37761739 PMCID: PMC10531195 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with a high risk of dementia. Reportedly, 54.6% of older adults with MCI fall into the pre-frailty category. However, it is unclear what differences exist in older adults with regard to their physical, psychological, and functional capacities, which depend on MCI, pre-frailty, or a combination of the two. This study aimed to examine the differences between the association between physical function, psychological function, and functional capacity by examining a combination of MCI and pre-frailty among community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. The participants in the analysis were 236 older people living in the community. They were classified into four groups, as follows: normal, MCI only, pre-frailty only, and pre-frailty/MCI; furthermore, their physical, psychological, and functional capacities were compared. In addition, a multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed using MCI and pre-frailty as dependent variables. No associated factors were identified for MCI only, and a depressive mood was only associated with pre-frailty. When pre-frailty and MCI were combined, knee extension muscle strength, fastest gait speed, the s30 s chair stand test, depressed moods, and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were correlated. Our results suggest that when MCI and pre-frailty are combined, declines in both physical and psychological functions and IADL are likely to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Katsurasako
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Koka City Minakuchi Medical Care Center, Koka 528-0049, Japan
| | - Shin Murata
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan; (S.M.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (T.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Akio Goda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Japan;
| | - Kayoko Shiraiwa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan; (S.M.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (T.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Jun Horie
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan; (S.M.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (T.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Teppei Abiko
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan; (S.M.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (T.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Hideki Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan; (S.M.); (K.S.); (J.H.); (T.A.); (H.N.)
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Suri A, VanSwearingen J, Rosano C, Brach JS, Redfern MS, Sejdić E, Rosso AL. Uneven surface and cognitive dual-task independently affect gait quality in older adults. Gait Posture 2023; 106:34-41. [PMID: 37647710 PMCID: PMC10591986 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-world mobility involves walking in challenging conditions. Assessing gait during simultaneous physical and cognitive challenges provides insights on cognitive health. RESEARCH QUESTION How does uneven surface, cognitive task, and their combination affect gait quality and does this gait performance relate to cognitive functioning? METHODS Community-dwelling older adults (N = 104, age=75 ± 6 years, 60 % females) performed dual-task walking paradigms (even and uneven surface; with and without alphabeting cognitive task (ABC)) to mimic real-world demands. Gait quality measures [speed(m/s), rhythmicity(steps/minute), stride time variability (%), adaptability (m/s2), similarity, smoothness, power (Hz) and regularity] were calculated from an accelerometer worn on the lower back. Linear-mixed modelling and Tukey analysis were used to analyze independent effects of surface and cognitive task and their interaction on gait quality. Partial Spearman correlations compared gait quality with global cognition and executive function. RESULTS No interaction effects between surface and cognitive task were found. Uneven surface reduced gait speed(m/s) (β = -0.07). Adjusted for speed, uneven surface reduced gait smoothness (β = -0.27) and increased regularity (β = 0.09), Tukey p < .05, for even vs uneven and even-ABC vs uneven-ABC. Cognitive task reduced gait speed(m/s) (β = -0.12). Adjusted for speed, cognitive task increased variability (β = 7.60), reduced rhythmicity (β = -6.68) and increased regularity (β = 0.05), Tukey p < .05, for even vs even-ABC and uneven vs uneven-ABC. With demographics as covariates, gait speed was not associated with cognition. Gait quality [lower variability during even-ABC (ρp =-.31) and uneven-ABC (ρp =-.28); greater rhythmicity (ρp between.22 and.29) and greater signal-adaptability AP (ρp between.22 and.26) during all walking tasks] was associated with better global cognition. Gait adaptability during even (ρp =-0.21, p = 0.03) and uneven(ρp =-0.19, p = 0.04) walking was associated with executive function. SIGNIFICANCE Surface and cognitive walking tasks independently affected gait quality. Our study with high-functioning older adults suggests that task-related changes in gait quality are related to subtle changes in cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Suri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessie VanSwearingen
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Brach
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark S Redfern
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ervin Sejdić
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Knight SP, Ward M, Duggan E, Xue F, Kenny RA, Romero-Ortuno R. Evaluation of a 3-Item Health Index in Predicting Mortality Risk: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2801. [PMID: 37685339 PMCID: PMC10487174 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out using a large cohort (N = 4265; 416 deceased) of older, community-dwelling adults from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). The study compared the performance of a new 3-item health index (HI) with two existing measures, the 32-item frailty index (FI) and the frailty phenotype (FP), in predicting mortality risk. The HI was based on the objective measurement of resting-state systolic blood pressure sample entropy, sustained attention reaction time performance, and usual gait speed. Mortality data from a 12-year follow up period were analyzed using Cox proportional regression. All data processing was performed using MATLAB and statistical analysis using STATA 15.1. The HI showed good discriminatory power (AUC = 0.68) for all-cause mortality, similar to FI (AUC = 0.68) and superior to FP (AUC = 0.60). The HI classified participants into Low-Risk (84%), Medium-Risk (15%), and High-Risk (1%) groups, with the High-Risk group showing a significant hazard ratio (HR) of 5.91 in the unadjusted model and 2.06 in the fully adjusted model. The HI also exhibited superior predictive performance for cardiovascular and respiratory deaths (AUC = 0.74), compared with FI (AUC = 0.70) and FP (AUC = 0.64). The HI High-Risk group had the highest HR (15.10 in the unadjusted and 5.61 in the fully adjusted models) for cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. The HI remained a significant predictor of mortality even after comprehensively adjusting for confounding variables. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the 3-item HI in predicting 12-year mortality risk across different causes of death. The HI performed similarly to FI and FP for all-cause mortality but outperformed them in predicting cardiovascular and respiratory deaths. Its ability to classify individuals into risk groups offers a practical approach for clinicians and researchers. Additionally, the development of a user-friendly MATLAB App facilitates its implementation in clinical settings. Subject to external validation in clinical research settings, the HI can be more useful than existing frailty measures in the prediction of cardio-respiratory risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvin P. Knight
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Ward
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Duggan
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Feng Xue
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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Zúñiga RG, Davis JRC, Boyle R, De Looze C, Meaney JF, Whelan R, Kenny RA, Knight SP, Ortuño RR. Brain connectivity in frailty: Insights from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Neurobiol Aging 2023; 124:1-10. [PMID: 36680853 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Frailty in older adults is associated with greater risk of cognitive decline. Brain connectivity insights could help understand the association, but studies are lacking. We applied connectome-based predictive modeling to a 32-item self-reported Frailty Index (FI) using resting state functional MRI data from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. A total of 347 participants were included (48.9% male, mean age 68.2 years). From connectome-based predictive modeling, we obtained 204 edges that positively correlated with the FI and composed the "frailty network" characterised by connectivity of the visual network (right); and 188 edges that negatively correlated with the FI and formed the "robustness network" characterized by connectivity in the basal ganglia. Both networks' highest degree node was the caudate but with different patterns: from caudate to visual network in the frailty network; and to default mode network in the robustness network. The FI was correlated with walking speed but not with metrics of global cognition, reinforcing the matching between the FI and the brain connectivity pattern found (main predicted connectivity in basal ganglia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gutiérrez Zúñiga
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - James R C Davis
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rory Boyle
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Céline De Looze
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James F Meaney
- Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Whelan
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience (TCIN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvin P Knight
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Román Romero Ortuño
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Liu J, Cui K, Chen Q, Li Z, Fu J, Gong X, Xu H. Association of walking speed with cognitive function in Chinese older adults: A nationally representative cohort study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1003896. [PMID: 36438013 PMCID: PMC9685315 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1003896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Slow walking speed has been shown to predict cognitive decline in older individuals, but studies conducted among Chinese older adults are scarce. We examined the association of walking speed with cognitive function and the trajectory of cognitive decline among Chinese adults aged 60 years and older. METHODS Data was from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), an ongoing nationally representative prospective cohort study. Walking speed was evaluated over a straight 2.5-meter flat course at baseline and categorized into tertiles (the lowest, middle, and highest). Cognitive function was assessed at each wave in three domains: episodic memory, mental status, and global cognition. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS A total of 3,954 older adults (48.6% female; mean age: 67.6 ± 5.55 years) were followed for up to 7 years. Participants with lowest walking speed have poorer episodic memory (β = -0.37; 95% CI: -0.46, -0.28), mental status (β = -0.45; 95% CI: -0.60, -0.29), and global cognition (β = -0.81; 95% CI: -1.03, -0.60) over the follow-up. Compared with the highest tertile of walking speed, the lowest walking speed was associated with a faster decline in episodic memory (β = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, -0.02), mental status (β = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, -0.01), and global cognition (β = -0.06; 95% CI: -0.11, -0.01). CONCLUSION Slower walking speed is associated with subsequent risk of poorer cognitive function and faster cognitive decline in older Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kaiwang Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiteng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiangwen Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ganzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Big Data Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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Longitudinal Study on Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART): Clustering Approach for Mobility and Cognitive Decline. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7030051. [PMID: 35645274 PMCID: PMC9149848 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) is a computer-based go/no-go task to measure neurocognitive function in older adults. However, simplified average features of this complex dataset lead to loss of primary information and fail to express associations between test performance and clinically meaningful outcomes. Here, we combine a novel method to visualise individual trial (raw) information obtained from the SART test in a large population-based study of ageing in Ireland and an automatic clustering technique. We employed a thresholding method, based on the individual trial number of mistakes, to identify poorer SART performances and a fuzzy clusters algorithm to partition the dataset into 3 subgroups, based on the evolution of SART performance after 4 years. Raw SART data were available for 3468 participants aged 50 years and over at baseline. The previously reported SART visualisation-derived feature ‘bad performance’, indicating the number of SART trials with at least 4 mistakes, and its evolution over time, combined with the fuzzy c-mean (FCM) algorithm, individuated 3 clusters corresponding to 3 degrees of physiological dysregulation. The biggest cluster (94% of the cohort) was constituted by healthy participants, a smaller cluster (5% of the cohort) by participants who showed improvement in cognitive and psychological status, and the smallest cluster (1% of the cohort) by participants whose mobility and cognitive functions dramatically declined after 4 years. We were able to identify in a cohort of relatively high-functioning community-dwelling adults a very small group of participants who showed clinically significant decline. The selected smallest subset manifested not only mobility deterioration, but also cognitive decline, the latter being usually hard to detect in population-based studies. The employed techniques could identify at-risk participants with more specificity than current methods, and help clinicians better identify and manage the small proportion of community-dwelling older adults who are at significant risk of functional decline and loss of independence.
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Melo LM, Ansai JH, Ferreira ACVG, Silva DCP, Vale FAC, Takahashi ACM, Andrade LP. Correlation between changes in Timed Up and Go performance and cognition in older people with mild cognitive impairment: A longitudinal study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2022; 94:105620. [PMID: 35325714 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compare changes in performance on subtasks of the Timed Up and Go test over 32 months in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment; analyze the correlation between frontal cognitive functions at baseline and changes in Timed Up and Go subtasks over time. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted involving 31 older adults (15 with and 16 without cognitive impairment). Functional mobility was assessed at both evaluations using an adapted version of the Timed Up and Go test and the Qualisys motion system. The test was divided into five subtasks: sit-to-stand, walking forward, turn-to-walk, walking back and turn-to-sit. Cognition was assessed at baseline using the Frontal Assessment Battery and the Clock Drawing Test. FINDINGS Significant differences in changes in the sit-to-stand subtask over time were found between groups. The difference in the time required to conclude this subtask was greater in the older adults with cognitive impairment. However, the difference in kinematic variables (peak trunk speed and range of motion) was greater in the group without cognitive impairment. Strong and moderate correlations were found between frontal cognitive functions and changes in Timed Up and Go subtasks, especially those involving transitions (sit-to-stand, turn-to-walk and turn-to-sit) in both groups. INTERPRETATION Motor intervention protocols should incorporate the sit-to-stand subtask in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Moreover, changes in more complex subtasks seem to be related to frontal cognitive performance at baseline. Therefore, treatments that combine motor and cognitive functions should be administered to older adults regardless of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana H Ansai
- Postgraduate Program in Gerontology, Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C V G Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle C P Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco A C Vale
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anielle C M Takahashi
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa P Andrade
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Marín-Jiménez N, Cruz-León C, Perez-Bey A, Conde-Caveda J, Grao-Cruces A, Aparicio VA, Castro-Piñero J, Cuenca-García M. Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020328. [PMID: 35054020 PMCID: PMC8779466 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor fitness and flexibility have been linked to several health issues. We aimed to investigate the predictive validity of motor fitness and flexibility tests in relation to health outcomes in adults and older adults. Web of Science and PubMed databases were screened for studies published from inception to November 2020. Two authors systematically searched, evaluated, and extracted data from identified original studies and systematic reviews/meta-analysis. Three levels of evidence were constructed: strong, moderate, and limited/inconclusive evidence. In total, 1182 studies were identified, and 70 studies and 6 systematic reviews/meta-analysis were summarized. Strong evidence indicated that (i) slower gait speed predicts falls and institutionalization/hospitalization in adults over 60 years old, cognitive decline/impairment over 55 years old, mobility disability over 50 years old, disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) over 54 years old, cardiovascular disease risk over 45 years old, and all-cause mortality over 35 years old; (ii) impaired balance predicts falls and disability in IADL/mobility disability in adults over 40 years old and all-cause mortality over 53 years old; (iii) worse timed up&go test (TUG) predicts falls and fear of falling over 40 years old. Evidence supports that slower gait speed, impaired balance, and worse TUG performance are significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Marín-Jiménez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carolina Cruz-León
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-65-7588624
| | - Julio Conde-Caveda
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Grao-Cruces
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Virginia A. Aparicio
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Sport and Health University Research Centre, University of Granada, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Magdalena Cuenca-García
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11519 Cádiz, Spain; (N.M.-J.); (C.C.-L.); (J.C.-C.); (A.G.-C.); (J.C.-P.); (M.C.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
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10
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Ramírez F, Gutiérrez M. Dual-Task Gait as a Predictive Tool for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:769462. [PMID: 35002676 PMCID: PMC8740025 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.769462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of the dual-task model as a cognitive-motor interface has been extensively investigated in cross-sectional studies as a training task in cognitive impairment. However, few existing longitudinal studies prove the usefulness of this tool as a clinical marker of cognitive impairment in older people. What is the evidence in prospective studies about dual-task gait as a predictor of cognitive impairment in older adults? This study aims to review and discuss the current state of knowledge in prospective studies on the use of dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults. The methodology used was a systematic review, according to the PRISMA criteria for the search, summarize and report. A search in 3 databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was carried out until April 2021. The search terms used were: "(gait OR walking) AND (cognitive decline) AND (dual-task) AND (follow-up OR longitudinal OR long-term OR prospective OR cohort OR predict)." We included prospective research articles with older people with cognitive evaluation at the beginning and the end of the follow-up and dual-task gait paradigm as initial evaluation associated with the presentation of cognitive impairment prediction using any dual-task gait parameters. After exclusion criteria, 12 studies were reviewed. The results indicate that eight studies consider dual-task gait parameters a useful cognitive-motor tool, finding that some of the evaluated parameters of dual-task gait significantly correlate with cognitive impairment over time. The most promising DT parameters associated with cognitive impairment prediction seem to be gait speed, speed cost, DT time, numbers of words during DT, among others. In sum, this study reviews the variety of dual-task gait parameters and their relevance as a simple tool for early cognitive impairment screening, opening a diagnostic window for the screening of cognitive impairment in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ramírez
- Programa Magíster en Kinesiología Gerontológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Myriam Gutiérrez
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudio del Movimiento Humano, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Salud, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Unidad de Cerebro Saludable, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Hartley P, Monaghan A, Donoghue OA, Kenny RA, Romero-Ortuno R. Exploring bi-directional temporal associations between timed-up-and-go and cognitive domains in the Irish longitudinal study on ageing (TILDA). Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 99:104611. [PMID: 34998129 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The bi-directional longitudinal associations between mobility and cognition in older adults are poorly understood. Our objective was to study the temporal associations between timed-up-and-go (TUG) and five cognitive function domains: global cognition, processing speed, verbal fluency, executive function, and sustained attention. METHODS We designed two longitudinal samples: A (for cognition as predictor of mobility), and B (for mobility as predictor of cognition). To examine the associations between the five cognitive domains at wave 1 and change in TUG times up to wave 5 (eight years), five linear mixed-effect models were fitted. To examine the associations between TUG times at wave 1 and change in the five cognitive domains between waves 1 and 3 (four years), five linear-regression models were fitted. RESULTS After removing participants with missing data, sample A numbered 4913 participants (mean age 62), and sample B 3675 (mean age 61). Baseline cognitive domains were all significant predictors of future change in TUG times. Baseline TUG time was also a significant predictor of future change in all five cognitive domains. In both cases, poorer performance at baseline predicted greater future loss of function. CONCLUSION There was evidence of bi-directional temporal relationships between cognition and mobility. In both directions, the effect of the explanatory variable was small, though cognition as predictor of future mobility may have greater clinical relevance than vice versa. Our findings underscore the importance for clinicians of considering the bi-directional associations between cognition and mobility when observing subtle changes in either, especially as impairments emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hartley
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Ann Monaghan
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orna A Donoghue
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Mac Domhnaill C, Douglas O, Lyons S, Murphy E, Nolan A. Road traffic noise and cognitive function in older adults: a cross-sectional investigation of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1814. [PMID: 34625043 PMCID: PMC8501545 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization published updated Environmental Noise Guidelines in 2018. Included are recommended limit values for environmental noise exposure based on systematic reviews for a range of health outcomes, including cognitive impairment. There is emerging evidence in the literature that chronic exposure to road traffic noise may affect cognitive function in older adults, but this relationship is not well established. This study spatially linked nationally representative health microdata from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing to building-level modelled noise data for two cities in the Republic of Ireland. This was used to investigate associations between exposure to road traffic noise and cognitive function in a sample of older adults, independent of a range of socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics, as well as exposure to air pollution. Methods We used the Predictor-LimA Advanced V2019.02 software package to estimate noise originating from road traffic for the cities of Dublin and Cork in Ireland according to the new common noise assessment methodology for the European Union (CNOSSOS-EU). Noise exposure values were calculated for each building and spatially linked with geo-coded TILDA microdata for 1706 individuals aged 54 and over in the two cities. Ordinary least squares linear regression models were estimated for eight standardised cognitive tests including noise exposure as an independent variable, with standard errors clustered at the household level. Models were adjusted for individual sociodemographic, behavioural and environmental characteristics. Results We find some evidence that road traffic noise exposure is negatively associated with executive function, as measured by the Animal Naming Test, among our sample of older adults. This association appears to be accounted for by exposure to air pollution when focusing on a sub-sample. We do not find evidence of an association between noise exposure and memory or processing speed. Conclusions Long term exposure to road traffic noise may be negatively associated with executive function among older adults. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11853-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán Mac Domhnaill
- Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Economics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Owen Douglas
- School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seán Lyons
- Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Economics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Enda Murphy
- School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Nolan
- Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland. .,Department of Economics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. .,The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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13
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Rizzo R, Knight SP, Davis JRC, Newman L, Duggan E, Kenny RA, Romero-Ortuno R. SART and Individual Trial Mistake Thresholds: Predictive Model for Mobility Decline. Geriatrics (Basel) 2021; 6:geriatrics6030085. [PMID: 34562986 PMCID: PMC8482118 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics6030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) has been used to measure neurocognitive functions in older adults. However, simplified average features of this complex dataset may result in loss of primary information and fail to express associations between test performance and clinically meaningful outcomes. Here, we describe a new method to visualise individual trial (raw) information obtained from the SART test, vis-à-vis age, and groups based on mobility status in a large population-based study of ageing in Ireland. A thresholding method, based on the individual trial number of mistakes, was employed to better visualise poorer SART performances, and was statistically validated with binary logistic regression models to predict mobility and cognitive decline after 4 years. Raw SART data were available for 4864 participants aged 50 years and over at baseline. The novel visualisation-derived feature bad performance, indicating the number of SART trials with at least 4 mistakes, was the most significant predictor of mobility decline expressed by the transition from Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) < 12 to TUG ≥ 12 s (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.14–1.46; p < 0.001), and the only significant predictor of new falls (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.03–1.21; p = 0.011), in models adjusted for multiple covariates. However, no SART-related variables resulted significant for the risk of cognitive decline, expressed by a decrease of ≥2 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. This novel multimodal visualisation could help clinicians easily develop clinical hypotheses. A threshold approach to the evaluation of SART performance in older adults may better identify subjects at higher risk of future mobility decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Rizzo
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvin Paul Knight
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - James R. C. Davis
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Newman
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Duggan
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roman Romero-Ortuno
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.K.); (J.R.C.D.); (L.N.); (E.D.); (R.A.K.); (R.R.-O.)
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James’s Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Wu X, Hou G, Han P, Yu X, Chen X, Song P, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Xie F, Niu S, Hu H, Sun C, Zhao Y, Wang H, Guo Q. Association Between Physical Performance and Cognitive Function in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Serial Mediation of Malnutrition and Depression. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1327-1335. [PMID: 34285477 PMCID: PMC8285124 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s315892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to propose a serial mediational model to further analyze the relationship between poor physical performance, malnutrition, depression and cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Patients and Methods This study consisted of 1386 community-dwelling Chinese older adults aged 65 years and older in Shanghai, China. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Instrumental Activities Of Daily Living (IADL). Physical performance was assessed by short physical performance battery (SPPB). Malnutrition was defined with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Serial multiple mediator models were used. Results The mean age of the final analysis sample was 73.62±6.14, and 57.6% (n=809) were females. The prevalence of MCI was 14.35% (n=199). Physical performance (p<0.001), nutritional status (p=0.025), and depressive symptoms (p=0.002) were correlated with MCI. The serial mediational model revealed that MNA and GDS scores significantly mediated association of SPPB and MMSE scores (c'=0.4728, p<0.001). Furthermore, depressive symptoms significantly mediated the association of physical performance and cognition (p=0.0311), while malnutrition had no independent mediating effect between these two factors (p=0.794). Conclusion Our study examined the serial multiple mediation roles of nutritional status and depressive symptoms on the relationship between physical performance and cognitive function in community-dwelling Chinese older adults. Older adults who were in poor physical condition tend to have worse nutritional status, more severe depression, and poorer cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,College of Exercise and Health Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,College of Exercise and Health Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Song
- Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinjiao Zhao
- Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fandi Xie
- Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumeng Niu
- Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Shanghai Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechen Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Fourth Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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15
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Mobility impact and well-being in later life: A multidisciplinary systematic review. RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION ECONOMICS 2021; 86:100975. [PMCID: PMC7547325 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In modern societies, the understanding of how active mobility affects the elderly's psycho-physical well-being is crucial to design ageing-friendly transport measures. From a multidisciplinary perspective, this systematic review points out the mobility impact on three elements of the EU Active Ageing Index: health, independence and social connectedness. By scanning four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and TRID), 3727 peer-reviewed papers published in the last decade were found, of which 57 met the inclusion criteria. The screening process was conducted following the PRISMA protocol and registered to the database PROSPERO, while the quality assessment was done using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. More than 80% of the papers showed that an active mobility prevents psycho-physical harms, while only few papers study the relation of mobility with independence and social inclusion, to reduce the need for assistance and the related public expenditures. The findings of this review give important information both to transportation researchers and policymakers and companies, underlining the need for further research as well as investments in targeted age-friendly transport systems. The Covid-19 emergency has further underlined the importance of this issue, being the elderly one of the more disadvantaged and frailer social group.
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16
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Hooyman A, Malek-Ahmadi M, Fauth EB, Schaefer SY. Challenging the relationship of grip strength with cognitive status in older adults. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:433-442. [PMID: 33027842 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Grip strength is a widely used motor assessment in ageing research and has repeatedly been shown to be associated with cognition. It has been proposed that grip strength could enhance cognitive screening in experimental or clinical research, but this study uses multiple data-driven approaches to caution against this interpretation. Furthermore, we introduce an alternative motor assessment, comparable to grip dynamometry, but has a more robust relationship with cognition among older adults. DESIGN Associations between grip strength and cognition (measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) were analysed cross sectionally using multivariate regression in two datasets: (1) The Irish LongituDinal Study on Ageing (TILDA; N = 5,980, community-dwelling adults ages 49-80) and (2) an experimental dataset (N = 250, community-dwelling adults aged 39-98). Additional statistical simulations on TILDA tested how ceiling effects or skewness in these variables influenced these associations for quality control. RESULTS Grip strength was significantly but weakly associated with cognition, consistent with previous studies. Simulations revealed this was not due to skewness/ceiling effects. Conversely, a new alternative motor assessment (functional reaching [FR]) had a stronger, more robust and more sensitive relationship with cognition compared to grip strength. CONCLUSIONS Grip strength should be cautiously interpreted as being associated with cognition. However, FR may have a stronger and clinically useful relationship with cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth B Fauth
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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17
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Liu Y, Ma W, Li M, Han P, Cai M, Wang F, Wang J, Chen X, Shi J, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Chen M, Guo Q, Yu Y. Relationship Between Physical Performance and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:119-127. [PMID: 33469279 PMCID: PMC7811437 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s288164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the relationship between physical performance and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Chinese older adults. Methods The sample comprised 956 relatively healthy and aged ≥65 years old Chinese community-dwelling participants (mean age, 72.56 ± 5.43 years; 56.8% female), which did not include those with dementia, severe cognitive impairment, mental illness etc. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale were used for the initial classification of patients with MCI. Physical performance was measured via hand grip, Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), and 4-m walking speed. Results The physical performance (grip strength, TUGT, and 4-m walking speed) correlated with MCI. The grip strength [odds ratio (OR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.93–0.99] and 4-m walking speed (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.10–0.64) correlated negatively with MCI, while TUGT (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.03–1.13) and MCI correlated positively. Conclusion The physical performance (grip strength, TUGT, and 4-m walking speed) correlated with MCI. Further analysis showed that the grip strength was associated with overall cognition, time orientation, recall, and language, while TUGT and 4-m walking speed were associated with overall cognition and various cognitive domains, except recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Ma
- Department of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Office of the President, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Department of Team, Buzhen Community Health Service Center, Chongming District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Team, Buzhen Community Health Service Center, Chongming District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqiu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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18
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Plasma concentrations of vitamin B 12 and folate and global cognitive function in an older population: cross-sectional findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Br J Nutr 2020; 124:602-610. [PMID: 32329423 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The uncertainty surrounding high intakes of folic acid and associations with cognitive decline in older adults with low vitamin B12 status has been an obstacle to mandatory folic acid fortification for many years. We estimated the prevalence of combinations of low/normal/high vitamin B12 and folate status and compared associations with global cognitive function using two approaches, of individuals in a population-based study of those aged ≥50 years in the Republic of Ireland. Cross-sectional data from 3781 men and women from Wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing were analysed. Global cognitive function was assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Prevalence estimates for combinations of vitamin B12 (plasma vitamin B12 < or ≥258 pmol/l) and folate (plasma folate ≤ or >45·3 nmol/l) concentrations were generated. Negative binomial regression models were used to investigate the associations of vitamin B12 and folate status with global cognitive function. Of the participants, 1·5 % (n 51) had low vitamin B12 (<258 pmol/l) and high folate (>45·3 nmol/l) status. Global cognitive performance was not significantly reduced in these individuals when compared with those with normal status for both B-vitamins (n 2433). Those with normal vitamin B12/high folate status (7·6 %) had better cognitive performance (MMSE: incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0·82, 95 % CI 0·68, 0·99; P = 0·043, MoCA: IRR 0·89, 95 % CI 0·80, 0·99; P = 0·025). We demonstrated that high folate status was not associated with lower cognitive scores in older adults with low vitamin B12 status. These findings provide important safety information that could guide fortification policy recommendations in Europe.
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Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Schuch F, Stubbs B, Smith L, Rosenbaum S, Firth J, Van Damme T, Koyanagi A. Sedentary behavior and depression among community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years: Results from the irish longitudinal study on Ageing. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:389-396. [PMID: 31740113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB) may be a risk factor for depression in middle- and old age adults. The aim of this study was to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between SB and depression in a large national sample of Irish people aged 50 and older taking into account a wide range of previously identified influential factors. METHODS Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing survey were analyzed (wave 1: 2009-2011, wave 2: 2012-2013). Depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Total weekday SB and control variables were self-reported. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted to assess the associations. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 6903 individuals aged ≥50 years (63.6 ± 9.2years; 52.1% female). After full adjustment for age, gender, social class, current smoking, physical activity, mobility, pain, cognition, chronic physical conditions, disability, anxiety, loneliness, and social network, the association between SB and depression was not statistically significant (OR=1.06; 95%CI=0.60-1.89). Mediation analysis showed that the association is explained by social network (mediated percentage 23.1%), physical activity (20.3%), loneliness (13.2%), chronic physical conditions (11.1%), and disability (7.9%). Cross-sectional analysis showed that SB is significantly associated with depression even after full adjustment. LIMITATIONS SB was self-reported. CONCLUSIONS Factors closely linked with SB such as social isolation, loneliness, physical inactivity, chronic physical conditions, and disability may play a major role in depression among middle-aged and older people. Lifestyle interventions focusing on reductions in depression in this population need to consider these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felipe Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Loughrey DG, Mihelj E, Lawlor BA. Age-related hearing loss associated with altered response efficiency and variability on a visual sustained attention task. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 28:1-25. [PMID: 31868123 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1704393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the association between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and differences in response efficiency and variability on a sustained attention task. The study population comprised 32 participants in a hearing loss group (HLG) and 34 controls without hearing loss (CG). Mean reaction time (RT) and accuracy were recorded to assess response efficiency. RT variability was decomposed to examine temporal aspects of variability associated with neural arousal and top-down executive control of vigilant attention. The HLG had a significantly longer mean RT, possibly reflecting a strategic approach to maintain accuracy. The HLG also demonstrated altered variability (indicative of greater decline in neural arousal) but maintained executive control that was significantly predictive of poorer response efficiency. Adults with ARHL may rely on higher-order attention networks to compensate for decline in both peripheral sensory function and in subcortical arousal systems which mediate lower-order automatic neurocognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Loughrey
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland/University of California , San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ernest Mihelj
- Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Brian A Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland/University of California, San Francisco. Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
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21
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O'Connor JD, O'Connell MDL, Nolan H, Newman L, Knight SP, Kenny RA. Impact of Standing Speed on the Peripheral and Central Hemodynamic Response to Orthostasis: Evidence From the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Hypertension 2019; 75:524-531. [PMID: 31838912 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of the cerebrovascular and cardiovascular response to standing has prognostic value for a range of outcomes in the older adult population. Studies generally attempt to control for standing speed differences by asking participants to stand in a specified time but little is known about the range of transition times observed. This study aimed to characterize how standing speed associates with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular measures following transition from supine to standing. Continuous cerebral oxygenation, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were monitored for 3 minutes after transitioning from supine to standing. An algorithm was used to calculate the time taken to transition from existing Finometer data (from the height correction unit). Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the influence of transition time on each of the signals while adjusting for covariates. Transition time ranged from 2 to 27 s with 17% of participants taking >10 s to stand. Faster transition was associated with a more extreme decrease 10 s after standing but improved recovery at 20 s for cerebral oxygenation and blood pressure. Standing faster was associated with an elevated heart rate on initiation of stand and a quicker recovery 10 to 20 s after standing. The speed of transitioning from supine to standing position is associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular response in the early period after standing (<40 s). Care should be taken in the interpretation of findings which may be confounded by standing speed and statistical adjustment for standing time should be applied where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D O'Connor
- From Department of Medical Gerontology, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland (J.D.O., H.N., L.N., S.P.K., R.A.K.)
| | | | - Hugh Nolan
- From Department of Medical Gerontology, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland (J.D.O., H.N., L.N., S.P.K., R.A.K.)
| | - Louise Newman
- From Department of Medical Gerontology, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland (J.D.O., H.N., L.N., S.P.K., R.A.K.)
| | - Silvin P Knight
- From Department of Medical Gerontology, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland (J.D.O., H.N., L.N., S.P.K., R.A.K.)
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- From Department of Medical Gerontology, The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland (J.D.O., H.N., L.N., S.P.K., R.A.K.)
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22
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Loughrey DG, Pakhomov SVS, Lawlor BA. Altered verbal fluency processes in older adults with age-related hearing loss. Exp Gerontol 2019; 130:110794. [PMID: 31790801 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have linked age-related hearing loss (ARHL) with an increased risk of neurocognitive decline. Difficulties in speech perception with subsequent changes in brain morphometry, including regions important for lexical-semantic memory, are thought to be a possible mechanism for this relationship. This study investigated differences in automatic and executive lexical-semantic processes on verbal fluency tasks in individuals with acquired hearing loss. The primary outcomes were indices of automatic (clustering/word retrieval at start of task) and executive (switching/word retrieval after start of the task) processes from semantic and phonemic fluency tasks. To extract indices of clustering and switching, we used both manual and computerised methods. There were no differences between groups on indices of executive fluency processes or on any indices from the semantic fluency task. The hearing loss group demonstrated weaker automatic processes on the phonemic fluency task. Further research into differences in lexical-semantic processes with ARHL is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Loughrey
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin.
| | | | - Brian A Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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de Oliveira Silva F, Ferreira JV, Plácido J, Chagas D, Praxedes J, Guimarães C, Batista LA, Marinho V, Laks J, Deslandes AC. Stages of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease can be differentiated by declines in timed up and go test: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 85:103941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Grande G, Triolo F, Nuara A, Welmer AK, Fratiglioni L, Vetrano DL. Measuring gait speed to better identify prodromal dementia. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110625. [PMID: 31173841 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Slow gait speed has been shown to predict incident dementia and cognitive decline in older individuals. We aimed to summarize the evidence concerning the association of slow gait speed with cognitive decline and dementia, and discuss the possible shared pathways leading to cognitive and motor impairments, under the unifying hypothesis that body and mind are intimately connected. This is a scoping review supported by a systematic search of the literature, performed on PubMed and Web of Science. Longitudinal studies providing information on the role of gait speed in the prediction of cognitive decline and dementia in cognitively intact people and in those with initial cognitive impairment were eligible. Of 39 studies selected, including overall 57,456 participants, 33 reported a significant association between gait speed and cognitive outcomes, including dementia. Neurodegenerative pathology and cerebrovascular burden may damage cerebral areas involved in both cognitive functions and motor control. At the same time, systemic conditions, characterized by higher cardiorespiratory, and metabolic and inflammatory burden, can affect a number of organs and systems involved in motor functions, including the brain, having ultimately an impact on cognition. The interplay of body and mind seems relevant during the development of cognitive decline and dementia. The measurement of gait speed may improve the detection of prodromal dementia and cognitive impairment in individuals with and without initial cognitive deficits. The potential applicability of such a measure in both clinical and research settings points at the importance of expanding our knowledge about the common underlying mechanisms of cognitive and motor decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Grande
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federico Triolo
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Arturo Nuara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Allied Health Professionals, Function Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centro Medicina dell'Invecchiamento, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, and Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Donoghue OA, McGarrigle CA, Foley M, Fagan A, Meaney J, Kenny RA. Cohort Profile Update: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:1398-1398l. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Orna A Donoghue
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Margaret Foley
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Fagan
- Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James Meaney
- Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing (MISA), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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Stahl ST, Albert SM. Walking Tests: Are They Sensitive Enough to Detect Cognitive Decline in Older Adults? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 26:449-450. [PMID: 29395855 PMCID: PMC6836674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Stahl
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
| | - Steven M Albert
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
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