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Hong SH, Bae YJ. Association of Dietary Vegetable and Fruit Consumption with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1707. [PMID: 38892640 PMCID: PMC11174889 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown contradictory results regarding the association between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of sarcopenia. We aimed to evaluate this association using a meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library through July 2023 using related keywords. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated based on the random-effects model. We included 14 observational studies with 11 cross-sectional and three cohort studies involving 6436 sarcopenias among 33,801 participants. Vegetable and fruit consumption were significantly associated with reduced sarcopenia risk (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.79; I2 = 59.8%). The association was significant in cross-sectional studies (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84; I2 = 56.3%; n = 11) but not in cohort studies (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.22 to 1.11; I2 = 76.4%; n = 3). Moreover, the association was significant in age ≥60 (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.83; I2 = 58.0%; n = 10). This meta-analysis suggests that eating vegetables and fruit reduces sarcopenia risk. However, as cohort studies provide a higher level of evidence than case-control studies, further prospective cohort studies should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Hong
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yun-Jung Bae
- Major in Food and Nutrition, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Chungcheong, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mo PKH, Xie L, Fong VWI, Sum RKW, Leung EFL, Wong SWS, Kwok TCY, Lau JTF. Efficacy of a theory-based and setting-based intervention in promoting strength training among older adults in Hong Kong: A clustered randomized controlled trial. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38757468 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of an intervention, based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and social support, in promoting strength training (ST) among older adults. A two-arm clustered randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among 235 older adults from eight elderly centers in Hong Kong. The intervention group engaged in a 6-month intervention comprising ST sessions, exercise consultations, social gatherings, and a buddy program, while the control group participated in social gatherings. Assessments were conducted at baseline (Month 0), post-intervention (Month 6), and 3-month follow-up (Month 9), with primary outcome being the prevalence of meeting the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations of ST. Results showed that the intervention group reported significantly higher prevalence of meeting ACSM recommendations for ST at both post-intervention and follow-up. Linear mixed models showed significant interaction effect between condition and time on perceived susceptibility of sarcopenia and muscle strength and significant condition effect on self-efficacy for ST, perceived severity of sarcopenia, perceived barriers of ST, and intention to perform ST. Findings suggest that the intervention, guided by HBM and social support, improves older adults' ST participation, muscle strength, perceptions on sarcopenia, and self-efficacy for ST, which offers great potential for broader application in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoenix K H Mo
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luyao Xie
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian W I Fong
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond K W Sum
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elean F L Leung
- Physical Education Unit, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sam W S Wong
- Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy C Y Kwok
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Huang J, Shanmugam A, Huang X, van Dam RM, Hilal S. Association of diet quality with hand grip strength weakness and asymmetry in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1236-1243. [PMID: 37990416 PMCID: PMC10918521 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hand grip strength (HGS) is an important diagnostic tool for sarcopenia and a reliable predictor for age-related chronic diseases and mortality. Interventions in nutrition have been shown as a low-cost strategy to maintain muscular strength and mass. However, there are limited data on the effect of diet on HGS in Southeast Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the association of diet quality with HGS weakness and asymmetry in a multi-ethnic population in Singapore. This cross-sectional study used data from the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (n = 1547). Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ and summarised as the Dietary Quality Index - International (DQI-I). HGS was calculated as the maximum value of six measurements from both hands. HGS weakness and asymmetry were defined using well-recognised criteria. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were utilised for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, physical activity and smoking status. It was found that the highest quartile of DQI-I was significantly associated with higher HGS (β = 1·11; 95 % CI 0·41, 1·82; Pfor trend < 0·001) and lower odds of HGS asymmetry (OR = 0·71; 95 % CI 0·53, 0·94; Pfor trend = 0·035) and both HGS weakness and asymmetry (OR = 0·50; 95 % CI 0·32, 0·76; Pfor trend = 0·004). Among the different components of DQI-I, only dietary adequacy was significantly associated with higher HGS (Pfor trend < 0·001) and lower odds for both HGS weakness and asymmetry (Pfor trend = 0·006). Our findings support that DQI-I, an indicator of overall diet quality, can be used to provide dietary guidelines for prevention and management of muscle wasting, sarcopenia and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Huang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 117549Singapore
| | - Aarathi Shanmugam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 117549Singapore
| | - Xiangyuan Huang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 117549Singapore
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Saima Hilal
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 117549Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Juber NF, Ciptanurani C, Hariawan H, Ahmad A, El-Shahawy O, Ma E. Association between Food Consumption Patterns and Handgrip Strength among Adults Aged ≥55 Years in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the IFLS-5. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 43:67-82. [PMID: 37934197 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2023.2279307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the association of food consumption patterns, measured by dietary diversity score (DDS) or food consumption score (FCS), with handgrip strength (HGS) among adults aged ≥55 years in Indonesia. This is a cross-sectional study involving 4351 middle-aged and older adults from the Indonesian Family Life Survey Fifth Wave (IFLS-5), collected in 2014-2015. A weighted linear regression model was used to examine the association of DDS or FCS with HGS in crude and adjusted models. In the adjusted models and compared to those with low DDS or poor FCS, those with medium/high DDS and borderline/acceptable FCS were associated with a higher mean of HGS. Good food consumption patterns, as reflected by high DDS or acceptable FCS, were shown to be significantly associated with stronger HGS among adults aged 55 years or above. More targeted nutritional interventions to promote good food consumption patterns may help improve HGS among middle-aged and older adults in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmin F Juber
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Amar Ahmad
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Enbo Ma
- Health Promotion Center/Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Ma Z, Yang H, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Gu Y, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. Anti-inflammatory dietary pattern is associated with handgrip strength decline: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3207-3216. [PMID: 37548698 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Skeletal muscle strength decline is strongly associated with inflammation. While previous research has confirmed that diet can modulate chronic inflammation, little is known about the relationship between an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern and muscle strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern and handgrip strength decline in a large-scale adult population. METHODS During a median follow-up period of 3 years, this prospective cohort study was carried out between 2013 and 2018 and included 2840 participants (60.2% men). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline, and handgrip strength was measured annually with a handheld digital dynamometer. The dietary inflammatory potential score was calculated using white blood cell count and hypersensitive C-reactive protein as inflammatory markers, and was determined using reduced rank regression and stepwise linear regression. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the association between the dietary inflammatory potential score and the annualized change in handgrip strength and weight-adjusted handgrip strength. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, significant associations between the dietary inflammatory potential score and the annualized change in handgrip strength and weight-adjusted handgrip strength in women, with values of - 0.8322 kg (95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.6405, - 0.0238; P < 0.0408) and - 0.0171 kg/kg (95% CI - 0.0310, - 0.0032; P < 0.0158), respectively. However, no significant differences were observed between the dietary inflammatory potential score and the annualized change in handgrip strength and weight-adjusted handgrip strength in men, with values of 0.1578 kg (95% CI - 0.6107, 0.9261; P < 0.6874) and - 0.0014 kg/kg (95% CI - 0.0115, 0.0088; P < 0.7933), respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that consuming an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern could be a protective strategy against the decline in skeletal muscle strength in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ma
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China.
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, China.
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
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Bai A, Xu W, Liang Y, Jiang Y, Lin Z. Dietary patterns from mid-through later-life in relation to sarcopenia risk over 20 years among Chinese community-dwelling oldest old individuals. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2569-2577. [PMID: 37967504 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding how dietary patterns (DPs) from mid- (60 years old) to later-life (over 80 years old) affect sarcopenia risk in old age is scarce. METHODS We included 7267 participants aged ≥80 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018. The Simplified Healthy Eating Index (SHE index) based on nine dietary variables was used to measured DPs and changes in DPs, with a higher score indicating better diet quality. The term "Mid-life" DPs denoted dietary habits at the age of 60 whereas "Later-life" DPs referred to dietary habits acquired over 80 years old. Sarcopenia risk was evaluated using the SARC-CalF questionnaire. We applied multivariable adjusted logistic regression models to investigate the cross-sectional association between DPs in a life course and sarcopenia risk in 2018 after adjusting for potential confounders including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, and unfavorable health conditions. Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the robustness of the results. RESULTS We found that healthier DPs during both mid- and later-life were associated with a decreased odds of sarcopenia risk, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 0.69 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.54-0.88) and 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.71-0.99), respectively. The odds of sarcopenia risk were also decreased among those with healthier DPs over a period of 20 years (OR = 0.80, 95 % CI: 0.69-0.93). For each nutrient consumption, participants who had high-quality fish consumption both in mid- and later-life had a 23 % decreased odds of sarcopenia risk (OR = 0.77, 95 % CI: 0.67-0.88) compared with those who had low-quality fish consumption all the time. The results were largely unchanged in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of maintaining healthy dietary habits throughout life to reduce the risk of sarcopenia in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anying Bai
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weihao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Yuanfeng Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China; School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, PR China.
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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Kamari N, Fateh HL, Pasdar Y, Rezaeian S, Shakiba E, Najafi F. Bone mineral density and muscle mass associated with healthy eating index in postmenopausal women; results from RaNCD cohort study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:615. [PMID: 37978520 PMCID: PMC10657131 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) is a tool for checking the quality of diet. This index is used to examine how well people's dietary behavior fits certain criteria for achieving a healthy diet in Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020. We look at the possible association between the HEI-2015 and bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle strength in postmenopausal women. METHODS This research included 1012 postmenopausal women from the recruitment phase of the Ravansar Noncommunicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study in Kermanshah-Iran. A standardized and repeatable food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that contains 118 items was used to quantify dietary consumption. Anthropometric indices measured via Bio-Impedance Analyzer BIA (Inbody 770, Inbody Co, Seoul, Korea). RESULT The mean age of postmenopausal women was (56.41 ± 5.31) years. Participants in the highest quartile had a more daily energy intake compared to the lowest quartile (2329.89 ± 837.59), (P < 0.001). Women in the upper quartiles had greater Skeletal Muscle Mass (SMM) than those in the lower quartiles (21.61 ± 2.80 vs 20.52 ± 3.13; p = 0.0002). The linear model didn't show a significant relationship between HEI score and greater BMD (β = 0.0014, P = 0.169). CONCLUSION A diet of high quality followed by a high HEL-2015 score was shown to be strongly connected to increased BMD and muscle mass in Kurdish postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Kamari
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hawal Lateef Fateh
- Nursing Department, Kalar Technical College, Garmian Polytechnic University, Kalar, Kurdistan region, Iraq
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shakiba
- Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Hwang J, Park S. A Korean Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Investigating Risk Factors, Prevalence, and Characteristics of Sarcopenia in Men in Early Old Age. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2860. [PMID: 37958004 PMCID: PMC10649574 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the risk factors, prevalence, and characteristics of sarcopenia among men aged 50-64 years. A total of 2868 participants were enrolled in this study. Of these, 328 individuals were classified into a sarcopenia group; the remaining 2540 were assigned to a control group. This study examined several variables, including skeletal muscle mass index, age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use. It employed a stratified, clustered, and multistage probability sampling design. Complex sampling was used for the data analysis. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 10.25% (95% CI: 8.98-11.69). All anthropometric measures, including height, weight, BMI, and waist circumference, were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). In terms of blood pressure, only systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significant (p < 0.05), and fasting glucose and triglyceride levels were risk factors for sarcopenia (p < 0.05). Tobacco use differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.05). This study reported the specific prevalence of sarcopenia and identified its risk factors among men in early old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongseok Hwang
- Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soonjee Park
- Department of Clothing and Fashion, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Republic of Korea
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Ran X, Zhai J, Xu M, Zhu X, Ullah A, Lyu Q. Association of diet quality with the risk of Sarcopenia based on the Chinese diet balance index 2016: a cross-sectional study among Chinese adults in Henan Province. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2017. [PMID: 37848876 PMCID: PMC10580586 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16933-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia can lead to a series of unfavourable health outcomes. Diet is an important factor influencing sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of sarcopenia with diet quality assessed by the Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect information on nutrition and health in Henan Province, China, and a total of 644 individuals were studied. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria updated in 2019. Diet quality was assessed by using the Chinese Diet Balance Index 2016 (DBI-16), which includes three indicators: the lower bound score (LBS), higher bound score (HBS) and diet quality distance (DQD). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of sarcopenia associated with diet quality. RESULTS A total of 49 of the 644 participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Excessive intake (score > 0) of cereals, meat, eggs and salt, inadequate intake (score < 0) of vegetables, fruits, dairy products, soybeans and low diet variety were commonly seen in both groups of participants. The participants with sarcopenia had a more serious inadequate intake of fruit than those without sarcopenia (p < 0.05). The overall LBS, HBS and DQD in both groups were in the interval of low-level problems. Compared with participants with a suitable LBS, those with an unsuitable LBS were more likely to have a low gait speed (OR: 2.58; 95%CI: 1.13-7.04) after multiple adjustments. However, the other two DBI-16 indicators, the HBS and DQD, were not associated with sarcopenia or its related diagnostic variables. CONCLUSION Unfavourable diet quality, mainly referring to inadequate dietary intake in this study, may be a risk factor for low gait speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ran
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junya Zhai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minmin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Ullah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanjun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University and Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Ren L, Tang Y, Yang R, Hu Y, Wang J, Li S, Yu M, Jiang Y, Liu Z, Wu Y, Dong Z, Zeng Y, Lv F, Yao Y. Plant-based dietary pattern and low muscle mass: a nation-wide cohort analysis of Chinese older adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:569. [PMID: 37716958 PMCID: PMC10505314 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether plant-based or animal-based dietary patterns are more beneficial for older adults more in maintaining muscle mass. Using a prospective cohort with nationwide sample of China older adults in this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between adhering to plant-based diet patterns or animal-based diet patterns and muscle loss. METHODS We included 2771 older adults (≥ 65 years) from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) with normal muscle mass at baseline (2011 and 2014 waves), which followed up into 2018. Plant-based dietary pattern scores and preference subgroups were constructed using 16 common animal-based and plant-based food frequencies. We used the corrected appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) prediction formula to assess muscle mass. We applied the Cox proportional hazard risk regression to explore associations between dietary patterns and low muscle mass (LMM). RESULTS During a mean of 4.1 years follow-up, 234 (8.4%) participants with normal muscle mass at baseline showed LMM. The plant-based dietary pattern reduced the risk of LMM by 5% (Hazard Ratios [HR]: 0.95, 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]: 0.92-0.97). In addition, a high plant-based food company with a high animal-based food intake pattern reduced the risk of LMM by 60% (HR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.240-0.661) and 73% (HR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.11-0.61) in the BADL disability and IADL disability population compared with a low plant-based food and high animal-based food intake, whereas a high plant-based food and low animal-based food intake was more beneficial in reducing the risk of LMM in the normal BADL functioning (HR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35-0.90) and IADL functioning (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.91) population. CONCLUSIONS When it comes to maintaining muscle mass in older Chinese people with functional independence, a plant-based diet pattern is more beneficial and effective than the animal-based one. People with functional dependence may profit from a combination of plant-based and animal-based diets to minimize muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbing Ren
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Tang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Yang
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Hu
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhi Yu
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouwei Liu
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Dong
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, U.S.A
| | - Faqin Lv
- Ultrasonic Department, The Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation, Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Developments, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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11
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Picca A, Cacciatore S, Tosato M, Landi F, Marzetti E. Combined Aerobic Training and Mediterranean Diet Is Not Associated with a Lower Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Italian Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:2963. [PMID: 37447288 PMCID: PMC10346313 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults engaged in regular aerobic training (AT) or with greater adherence to a Mediterranean (MED) diet. However, the effect of their combination on sarcopenia indices is unknown. The present study tested the association between AT plus a MED diet and the presence of sarcopenia and its defining elements in a sample of Italian older adults enrolled in the Longevity Check-up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Analyses were conducted in participants 65+ years, with a body mass index of at least 18.5 kg/m2, engaged in regular AT, and without missing information for the variables of interest. MED diet adherence was evaluated via a modified version of the MEDI-LITE score and categorized as low, moderate, or high. The presence of sarcopenia was established by handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) values below sex-specific cut-points recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Data from 491 older adults were analyzed for the present study. The mean age was 72.7 ± 5.7 years, and 185 (37.7%) were women. MED diet adherence was low in 59 (12.0%) participants, moderate in 283 (57.6%), and high in 149 (30.3%). Sarcopenia was identified in 26 participants (5.3%), with no differences across MED diet adherence groups. The results of binary logistic regression showed no significant associations between AT plus adherence to a MED diet and dynapenia, low ASM, or sarcopenia. The findings of the present study indicate that the combination of AT with a MED diet is not associated with a lower probability of sarcopenia or its defining elements in Italian older adults enrolled in Lookup 7+. Further research is warranted to establish whether exercise frequency, volume, intensity, and length of engagement in AT impact the association between MED diet and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.T.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Stefano Cacciatore
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.T.)
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (F.L.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.T.)
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12
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Mediterranean Diet and Sarcopenia Features in Apparently Healthy Adults over 65 Years: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051104. [PMID: 36904104 PMCID: PMC10005300 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Low muscle mass combined with changes in physical function and muscle quality is defined as sarcopenia. In people > 60 years, sarcopenia reaches 10% and tends to increase with age. Individual nutrients, such as protein, may have a protective role against sarcopenia, but recent evidence suggests that protein alone has been ineffective in increasing muscle strength. Dietary patterns, instead, with a high "anti-inflammatory" potential, such as the Mediterranean dietary pattern, have been considered as an emerging dietary remedy against sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the role of Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and/or improvement, including recent data, in healthy elders. We searched published studies about sarcopenia and the Mediterranean diet until December 2022 in Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus search engine and grey literature. In total, ten articles were identified as relevant: four cross-sectional studies and six prospective. No clinical trial was identified. Only three studies assessed sarcopenia presence and four measured muscle mass, which is an essential criterion in sarcopenia diagnosis. Mediterranean diet adherence had, in general, a positive role in muscle mass and muscle function, while the results were less clear with regard to muscle strength. Additionally, there was no evidence of a positive effect of the Mediterranean diet on sarcopenia. There is a need for conduction of clinical trials in order to reach cause-effects conclusions regarding the importance of the Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and management in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.
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13
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Shi Y, Stanmore E, McGarrigle L, Todd C. Non-pharmacological interventions for possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067079. [PMID: 36810172 PMCID: PMC9944664 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early prevention of sarcopenia is a recommendation to reduce morbidity, mortality and improve quality of life. Several non-pharmacological interventions to reduce the risk of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people have been proposed. Therefore, there is a need to identify the scope and differences of these interventions. This scoping review will summarise the nature and extent of the existing literature that describes and examines non-pharmacological interventions for community-dwelling older adults with possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The seven-stage review methodology framework will be used. Searches will be conducted in the following databases: Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, All EBM Reviews, Web of Science, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP. Grey literature will also be identified from Google scholar. Search dates will be restricted to January 2010 to December 2022, in English and Chinese language only. Screening will be focused on published research, including both quantitative and qualitative study designs, and prospectively registered trials. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews will be followed when delineating the search decision process. Findings will be synthesised quantitatively and qualitatively as appropriate and classified using key conceptual categories. We will identify whether studies identified have been included in systematic reviews or meta-analyses, and research gaps and opportunities will be identified and summarised. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As this is a review, ethical approval will not be sought. The results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and also disseminated in relevant disease support groups and conferences. The planned scoping review will help us identify the current status of research and gaps in the literature, so as to develop a future research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Shi
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- School of Nursing & School of Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China
- Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing, Manchester, UK
| | - Emma Stanmore
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Lisa McGarrigle
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Chris Todd
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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14
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Ghoreishy SM, Koujan SE, Hashemi R, Heshmat R, Motlagh AD, Esmaillzadeh A. Relationship between healthy eating index and sarcopenia in elderly people. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:25. [PMID: 36639737 PMCID: PMC9840332 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the association of Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) with sarcopenia are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to AHEI-2010 and sarcopenia and its components including low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low muscle performance among elderly people. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, which was conducted on 300 older people (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥55 years. Dietary information was done using a valid 117-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). To construct AHEI-2010 score, earlier studies were used. Sarcopenia and its components were described based on both former and new European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) guidelines. RESULTS We found no significant association between AHEI-2010 score and odds of EWGSOP2-sarcopenia, either before (OR for the highest vs. lowest tertiles: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.19, 1.55) or after (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.14, 1.34) adjustment for confounders. In gender-stratified analyses, we found a significant protective association between adherence to the AHEI-2010 score and odds of EWGSOP2-sarcopenia among women after controlling for confounders (0.20; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.91). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, healthy eating was inversely associated with odds of sarcopenia among women, but not in men. Further studies with a large sample size and prospective design are needed to examine this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Ebrahimpour Koujan
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hashemi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Chronic Diseases Research Center (CDRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Esmaeily Z, Daei S, Rezaei M, Eyvazkhani A, Tajary Z, Dara MM, Motlagh ARD. Association between dietary inflammatory potential and the probable sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:834. [PMID: 36329402 PMCID: PMC9635195 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike the numerous studies concerning the role of dietary inflammatory potential in chronic diseases, limited studies focused on the association of dietary inflammatory potential with handgrip strength (HGS) and probable sarcopenia (PS). This study tends to explore the association between dietary inflammatory potential and PS among older adults in Tehran. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted between May and October 2019 on 201 randomly selected older adults in Tehran, Iran. A validated food frequency questionnaire was utilized for recording dietary intake. Dietary habits were evaluated through Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDII). PS assessment was done by HGS estimation. Statistical evaluation included descriptive analyses, logistic, and linear regression. RESULTS Those probably suffering from sarcopenia were older than healthy ones (p < 0.0001) and had significantly higher DII scores (p = 0.05) but not EDII (p = 0.85). Besides, PS subjects had a lower intake of anti-inflammatory nutrients. The odds of PS were doubled in people on the top tertile of DII (OR = 2.49, 95% (CI) = 1.11-5.58) and second tertile of EDII (OR = 2.29, 95% (CI) = 1.03-5.07) relative to bottom tertiles after adjusting for confounders. The relationships between index scores and HGS were simply significant in the adjusted model of EDII and HGS (B = -0.49, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Conclusively, participants adhering to a pro-inflammatory diet had more likelihood of PS. Findings are in line with current recommendations to reduce unhealthy foods with more inflammatory potential. These findings warrant confirmation in high-quality interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Esmaeily
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Daei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Rezaei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eyvazkhani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Tajary
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansouri Dara
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dorosty Motlagh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Hwang J, Park S. Sex Differences of Sarcopenia in an Elderly Asian Population: The Prevalence and Risk Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911980. [PMID: 36231280 PMCID: PMC9565437 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The loss of muscle mass is widespread in age-related health phenomena in the elderly population. This study examined the prevalence of sarcopenia in a community-dwelling elderly population according to gender. The study also identified gender-specific risk factors in older people aged 75-84 years old. One thousand two hundred and ninety-three participants aged between 75 and 84 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in Korea were investigated. The prevalence of sarcopenia in males and females in the weighted-value sample was 41.2% (95%CI: 35.8-46.8) and 37.2% (32.7-41.9), respectively. Gender-specific clinical risk factors in males were height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, fasting glucose, and triglyceride levels. Height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, and total cholesterols were clinical risk factors for females. These outcomes would be crucial to primary care clinicians and health care professionals when patients require a referral for early detection and treatment. Health care professionals and clinicians can quickly identify potential sarcopenic patients by acknowledging the gender-specific prevalence and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongseok Hwang
- Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Soonjee Park
- Department of Clothing and Fashion, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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17
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Dietary patterns and sarcopenia in elderly adults: the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) study. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:900-908. [PMID: 34565491 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a core contributor to several health consequences, including falls, fractures, physical limitations and disability. The pathophysiological processes of sarcopenia may be counteracted with the proper diet, delaying sarcopenia onset. Dietary pattern analysis is a whole diet approach used to investigate the relationship between diet and sarcopenia. Here, we aimed to investigate this relationship in an elderly Chinese population. A cross-sectional study with 2423 participants aged more than 60 years was performed. Sarcopenia was defined based on the guidelines of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, composed of low muscle mass plus low grip strength and/or low gait speed. Dietary data were collected using a FFQ that included questions on 100 food items along with their specified serving sizes. Three dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis: sweet pattern, vegetable pattern and animal food pattern. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 16·1 %. The higher vegetable pattern score and animal food pattern score were related to lower prevalence of sarcopenia (Ptrend = 0·006 and < 0·001, respectively); the multivariate-adjusted OR of the prevalence of sarcopenia in the highest v. lowest quartiles were 0·54 (95 % CI 0·34, 0·86) and 0·50 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·74), separately. The sweet pattern score was not significantly related to the prevalence of sarcopenia. The present study showed that vegetable pattern and animal food pattern were related to a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in Chinese older adults. Further studies are required to clarify these findings.
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18
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Besora-Moreno M, E L, R-M V, L T, A P, R S. Antioxidant-rich foods, antioxidant supplements, and sarcopenia in old-young adults ≥55 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2308-2324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Nazri NSM, Vanoh D, Soo KL. Natural Food for Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review. Malays J Med Sci 2022; 29:28-42. [PMID: 36101538 PMCID: PMC9438863 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterised by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Proper nutrition is essential for management of sarcopenia. Thus, this article aims to review the association between dietary pattern or food groups consisting of natural food and sarcopenia. A literature search was performed using four databases namely PubMed, Scopus, Sage and ScienceDirect. The search terms used were 'fruits', 'vegetables', 'egg', 'fish', 'chicken', 'protein food', 'ulam', 'fresh herbs', 'sarcopenia', 'elderly and 'older adults'. A total of 18 studies were included in the final review. Adherence to Mediterranean and Japanese dietary pattern were associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia whereas Western dietary pattern was significantly associated with higher risk of sarcopenia. For food groups, there is a significant association between dietary protein intake and sarcopenia. There are also significant associations between the intake of vegetables, fruits or both vegetables and fruits, and lower risk of sarcopenia. Consumption of natural food comprising of high-quality protein, fruits and vegetables have been associated with protection against muscle wasting and sarcopenia. Therefore, it is possible that a well-planned diet may works just as effectively as or possibly better than individual nutrient supplements for the prevention and treatment for sarcopenia among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Syahidah Mohd Nazri
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Divya Vanoh
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kah Leng Soo
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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20
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Hwang J, Park S. Gender-Specific Risk Factors and Prevalence for Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling Young-Old Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127232. [PMID: 35742480 PMCID: PMC9223381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia in the elderly is a serious global public health problem. Numerous sarcopenia studies classified their subjects into a single group, but health conditions and body composition vary according to age. This study examined the prevalence of sarcopenia according to gender and assessed the gender-specific risk factors in young-old adults. In this study, 2697 participants in Korea aged from 65 to 74 years were analyzed from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The prevalence of sarcopenia in males and females was 19.2% (CI 95%: 16.4–22.3) and 26.4% (23.7–29.4), respectively. The risk factors in men were age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), skeletal muscle index (SMI), fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride, and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Their odd ratios were 1.447, 0.102, 1.494, 0.211, 0.877, 1.012, and 1.347. The risk factors in women were age, height, weight, BMI, WC, SMI, and fasting glucose with values of 1.489, 0.096, 0.079, 0.158, 0.042, and 1.071, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in females than in males. Overall, the clinical risk factors in males were age, height, BMI, WC, SMI, FG, triglyceride, and SBP. Age, height, weight, BMI, WC, SMI, and FG were the risk factors for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongseok Hwang
- Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Soonjee Park
- Department of Clothing and Fashion, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence:
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21
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Chen L, Arai H, Assantachai P, Akishita M, Chew ST, Dumlao LC, Duque G, Woo J. Roles of nutrition in muscle health of community-dwelling older adults: evidence-based expert consensus from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1653-1672. [PMID: 35307982 PMCID: PMC9178363 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
General muscle health declines with age, and in particular, sarcopenia-defined as progressive loss of muscle mass and strength/physical performance-is a growing issue in Asia with a rising population of community-dwelling older adults. Several guidelines have addressed early identification of sarcopenia and management, and although nutrition is central to treatment of sarcopenia, there are currently few guidelines that have examined this specifically in the Asian population. Therefore, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established a special interest group (SIG) comprising seven experts across Asia and one from Australia, to develop an evidence-based expert consensus. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE on the topic of muscle health, from 2016 (inclusive) to July 2021, in Asia or with relevance to healthy, Asian community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old). Several key topics were identified: (1) nutritional status: malnutrition and screening; (2) diet and dietary factors; (3) nutritional supplementation; (4) lifestyle interventions plus nutrition; and (5) outcomes and assessment. Clinical questions were developed around these topics, leading to 14 consensus statements. Consensus was achieved using the modified Delphi method with two rounds of voting. Moreover, the consensus addressed the impacts of COVID-19 on nutrition, muscle health, and sarcopenia in Asia. These statements encompass clinical expertise and knowledge across Asia and are aligned with findings in the current literature, to provide a practical framework for addressing muscle health in the community, with the overall aim to encourage and facilitate broader access to equitable care for this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang‐Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging SciencesNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Taipei Municipal Gan‐Dau HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | | | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Samuel T.H. Chew
- Department of Geriatric MedicineChangi General Hospital, SingHealthSingapore
| | | | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)The University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jean Woo
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
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22
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Wu YZ, Chan YT, Hsieh JG, Chen JC. Profiles of Physical Activity and Physical Performance in Matched Religious Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Women: A Preliminary Observational Study in Taiwan. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102170. [PMID: 35631312 PMCID: PMC9147246 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Religious vegetarianism has become more popular with women and increases with age. However, concerns have been raised that vegetarians are less productive than nonvegetarians. Thus, we aimed to compare the characteristics of physical activity and physical performance in properly matched religious vegetarian and nonvegetarian women aged ≥ 45 years. Participants (n = 160) were recruited via convenience sampling in the community of Hualien, Taiwan, and matched by demographic and cognitive characteristics. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Physical performance was assessed with handgrip strength, five-times-sit-to-stand, gait speed, timed up-and-go, and functional reach tests (FRT). Overall, 90% of religious vegetarians practiced lacto-ovo-vegetarianism. The proportions of those with low physical activity levels and poor physical performance did not significantly differ between religious vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Additionally, there were no significant between-group differences in IPAQ-SF scores and physical performance, except for FRT performance (mean 24.5 cm vs. 19.7 cm, p < 0.001). Exhaustion after work, busyness, and a lack of interest were three main reasons for low physical activity levels, and none of these had significant between-group differences (p = 0.936). Our results show a similar profile of physical activity and physical performance in religious vegetarian and nonvegetarian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zu Wu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (J.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-856-5301 (ext. 2501)
| | - Yun-Ting Chan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Gang Hsieh
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ching Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (Y.-T.C.); (J.-C.C.)
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Van Elswyk ME, Teo L, Lau CS, Shanahan CJ. Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac001. [PMID: 35542386 PMCID: PMC9071101 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and sarcopenia using a protocol developed for use by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, and to conduct a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence. Multiple electronic databases were searched for studies investigating sarcopenia risk factors or risk of sarcopenia and dietary patterns. Eligible studies were 1) peer-reviewed controlled trials or observational trials, 2) involving adult or older-adult human subjects who were healthy and/or at risk for chronic disease, 3) comparing the effect of consumption or adherence to dietary patterns (measured as an index/score, factor or cluster analysis; reduced rank regression; or a macronutrient distribution), and 4) reported on measures of skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle performance, and/or risk of sarcopenia. Thirty-eight publications met all inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis. Thirteen observational studies met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of gait speed reduction (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.97). The association between healthy dietary pattern adherence and other intermediate markers or risk of sarcopenia was not statistically significant. The majority of individual studies were judged as "serious" risk of bias and analysis of the collective evidence base was suggestive of publication bias. Studies suggest a significant association between healthy dietary patterns and maintenance of gait speed with age, an intermediate marker of sarcopenia risk, but the evidence base is limited by serious risk of bias, within and between studies. Further research is needed to understand the association between healthy dietary patterns and risk of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynn Teo
- Teo Research Consulting, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Clara S Lau
- National Cattlemen's Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, Washington, DC, USA
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24
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The Inverse Association of Sarcopenia and Protein-Source Food and Vegetable Intakes in the Korean Elderly: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071375. [PMID: 35405986 PMCID: PMC9002384 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging population contributes to increasing economic and social burden worldwide. Sarcopenia, an age-related degenerative disease and progressive disorder, is characterized by a reduction in skeletal muscle mass and function. This study aims to assess the association between dietary factors and sarcopenia in the Korean elderly using nationwide data. A total of 801 subjects aged 70–84 years were included in this analysis. Subjects were divided into two groups: sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic groups according to the sarcopenia criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Nutrient and food intakes were assessed using a 24-h recall method. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between sarcopenia and food group and nutrient intakes. In the multivariable models, the meat/fish/egg/legume food group, vegetable group, and total food intake were inversely associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia. The high intakes of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fiber, zinc, carotene, and vitamin B6 were associated with the lower prevalence of sarcopenia. Therefore, consuming sufficient nutrients through various protein source foods and vegetables will help prevent sarcopenia in the Korean elderly.
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25
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Ramadas A, Law HH, Krishnamoorthy R, Ku JWS, Mohanty P, Lim MZC, Shyam S. Diet Quality and Measures of Sarcopenia in Developing Economies: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040868. [PMID: 35215518 PMCID: PMC8874949 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia refers to common age-related changes characterised by loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance that results in physical disability, poorer health status, and higher mortality in older adults. Diet quality is indicated as a potentially modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia. However, the association between diet quality and sarcopenia in developing economies appears to be conflicting. Hence, we conducted a systematic review of the literature from developing economies examining the relationship between diet quality and at least one of the three components of sarcopenia, including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, and the overall risk of sarcopenia. No restrictions on age and study design were employed. We identified 15 studies that met review inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity among the studies in the diet quality metric used and sarcopenia-related outcomes evaluated. Longitudinal evidence and studies relating diet quality to a holistic definition of sarcopenia were lacking. Although limited and predominantly cross-sectional, the evidence consistently showed that diet quality defined by diversity and nutrient adequacy was positively associated with sarcopenia components, such as muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amutha Ramadas
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (A.R.); (H.H.L.); (J.W.S.K.); (M.Z.C.L.)
| | - Hian Hui Law
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (A.R.); (H.H.L.); (J.W.S.K.); (M.Z.C.L.)
| | - Raanita Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Profesor Diraja Ungku Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Jordan Wei Shan Ku
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (A.R.); (H.H.L.); (J.W.S.K.); (M.Z.C.L.)
| | - Parimala Mohanty
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), K8 Lane, Kalinganagar, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
| | - Matteus Zhen Chien Lim
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (A.R.); (H.H.L.); (J.W.S.K.); (M.Z.C.L.)
| | - Sangeetha Shyam
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Centre for Translational Research, IMU Institute for Research and Development (IRDI), International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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26
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Yeung SSY, Sin D, Yu R, Leung J, Woo J. Dietary Patterns and Intrinsic Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:174-182. [PMID: 35166311 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have investigated the link between diet and intrinsic capacity (IC), and the potential sex difference in such association. This study examined the association between dietary patterns and IC and its sub-domains in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the MrOs and MsOs study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years in Hong Kong. MEASUREMENTS Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and priori and posteriori dietary pattern scores were generated. IC including measures of cognitive, locomotor, vitality, sensory and psychological domains was assessed. Multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between dietary pattern scores and the likelihood of greater IC and sub-domain scores with adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Data of 3730 participants (aged 72.2±5.0 years, 50.4% men) was available. In men, higher Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Okinawan diet scores, and lower "meat-fish" pattern scores were associated with greater IC. A higher DQI-I score was associated with greater locomotion, whereas higher "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern score was associated with a greater sensory function. In women, none of the dietary pattern scores was associated with IC. Higher DQI-I score, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay Diet (MIND) score and "vegetables-fruits" pattern score were associated with greater psychological function. CONCLUSION Various dietary patterns were associated with greater IC and its sub-domains in Chinese community-dwelling older adults, and more associations were observed in men than women. Strategies to improve diet and IC should take sex differences into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Y Yeung
- Suey S.Y. Yeung, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P: +852 3505 2190; F: +852 2637 9215; E:
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27
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Fernandes S, Rodrigues da Silva E, New York B, Macedo P, Gonçalves R, Camara S, Larco R, Maciel A. Cutoff Points for Grip Strength in Screening for Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older-Adults: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:452-460. [PMID: 35587757 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, different cutoff points for handgrip strength (HGS) have been used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia. In addition, the variability of equipment and protocols for this assessment can significantly influence the early detection of this important public health problem. Thus, this review aims to identify the different cutoff points for HGS adopted for older men and women in screening for sarcopenia. OBJECTIVES this review aims to identify the different cutoff points for HGS adopted for older men and women in screening for sarcopenia. METHODS In accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations, which included published studies from the last 10 years, from 6 databases, in 3 different languages. RESULTS 19.730 references were identified, of which 62 were included for the review. All references analyzed used algorithms and definitions of sarcopenia already known in the literature. Of the studies found, 16 chose to develop cutoff values for HGS based on their own population. The variation in cutoff points was evident when compared between gender and regions of the world. CONCLUSION It has become evident that there is a variability of normative values for HGS in sarcopenia screening. In addition, this systematic review shows the difference in the cutoff points used between the consensuses and those developed for each population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernandes
- Sabrina Fernandes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil,
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28
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Nutritional status mediates the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: findings from the WCHAT study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:3215-3222. [PMID: 34028708 PMCID: PMC8141547 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Aim To explore the mediating role of nutritional status in the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. Methods Three thousand eight hundred and ten participants (mean age 61.94 ± 8.01 years) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were included. We defined sarcopenia using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Cognitive status and nutritional status were measured using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Relationships between sarcopenia, nutritional status, and cognitive function were explored using multiple linear regression. Two mediation models were generated to examine whether nutritional status mediates the association between sarcopenia and cognitive function using PROCESS macro version 3.5. Results The study involved 3147 (82.6%) non-sarcopenic, 387 (10.2%) sarcopenic, and 276 (7.2%) severely sarcopenic individuals. In mediation model 1, sarcopenia (β = 0.208, 95% CI 0.072 to 0.344, P = 0.0028) was significantly associated with cognitive impairment, and nutritional status mediated this association (indirect effect = 0.162, bootstrap 95% CI 0.116 to 0.212). Mediation model 2 indicated that nutritional status exhibited a full mediating effect regarding the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (indirect effect = 0.131, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.188; direct effect = 0.046, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.115 to 0.21) and a partial mediating effect regarding the association between severe sarcopenia and cognitive impairment (indirect effect = 0.21, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.143 to 0.283; direct effect = 0.476, bootstrap 95% CI: 0.234–0.724). Conclusions The relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment was significantly mediated by nutritional status. Early nutritional interventions may prevent cognitive decline in sarcopenic older adults.
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Samadi M, Khosravy T, Azadbakht L, Rezaei M, Mosafaghadir M, Kamari N, Bagheri A, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Hamze B, Soleimani D. Major dietary patterns in relation to muscle strength status among middle-aged people: A cross-sectional study within the RaNCD cohort. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6672-6682. [PMID: 34925797 PMCID: PMC8645754 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Grip strength in midlife can predict physical disability in senior years. Recent evidence shows the critical role of nutritional status on muscle function. We aimed to elucidate whether adherence to a particular dietary pattern would be associated with abnormal muscle strength among middle-aged people. In this cross-sectional study, a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intake of 2781 participants in the Ravansar Non-Communicable Chronic Disease (RaNCD) cohort. Major dietary patterns from 28 main food groups were extracted using principal component analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the tertiles of the major dietary patterns and muscle strength status. Two major dietary patterns were identified: the "mixed dietary pattern" that heavily loaded with fruits, vegetables, nuts, dairies, sweets, legumes, dried fruits, fish, red meat, butter, whole grains, natural juices, poultry, pickles, olive, industrial juice, egg, processed meat, and snacks and "unhealthy dietary pattern" that heavily loaded by fats, sugar, refined grains, soft drink, salt, organ meat, tea, and coffee. Adherence to the mixed dietary pattern (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.8-1.33, P for trend = 0.77) and the unhealthy dietary pattern (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.79-0.13, P for trend = 0.89) did not associate with abnormal muscle strength. This study suggests that the dietary pattern involving the consumption of healthy and unhealthy food does not have an effect on muscle strength in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehnoosh Samadi
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Tina Khosravy
- Department of Health and NutritionLorestan University of Medical ScienceLorestanIran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community NutritionSchool of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology DepartmentSchool of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mohammad Mosafaghadir
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Negin Kamari
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Nutritional SciencesResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Department of EpidemiologyResearch Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Health instituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Behrouz Hamze
- Department of Public HealthKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
- Research Center of Oils and FatsKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
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30
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Yeung SSY, Kwan M, Woo J. Healthy Diet for Healthy Aging. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124310. [PMID: 34959862 PMCID: PMC8707325 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extending healthspan is a major public health challenge. Diet is one of the modifiable factors for preventing age-related diseases and preserving overall good health status during aging. Optimizing individuals’ intrinsic capacity, including domains in cognition, psychological, sensory function, vitality, and locomotion, has been proposed as a model of healthy aging by the World Health Organization. To better understand the relationships between a healthy diet and healthy aging, this review summarizes the recent epidemiologic and clinical data for dietary patterns that have been shown to play a role in (domains of) healthy aging. Regardless of priori or posteriori dietary patterns, it appears that dietary patterns centered on plant-based foods have a beneficial role in (domains of) healthy aging. Our review identified a knowledge gap in dietary patterns and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. More epidemiological studies should consider intrinsic capacity as an outcome measure to further our understanding of a healthy diet and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. When a sufficient number of epidemiological studies is available, evidence can be synthesized and clinical trials can be designed to evaluate a healthy diet as a strategy for healthy aging to further our progress in translating evidence to practice and promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suey S. Y. Yeung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Michelle Kwan
- Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Centre for Nutritional Studies, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3505-3493
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31
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Davis JA, Mohebbi M, Collier F, Loughman A, Staudacher H, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Pasco JA, Jacka FN. The role of diet quality and dietary patterns in predicting muscle mass and function in men over a 15-year period. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2193-2203. [PMID: 34043032 PMCID: PMC8155648 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A growing body of evidence suggests that diet quality may predict muscle health. This study found that a "Traditional" dietary pattern predicted greater muscle mass, and an anti-inflammatory diet predicted greater muscle mass and better muscle function over 15 years. These findings reinforce the importance of optimising dietary behaviours for healthy ageing. INTRODUCTION Research investigating the roles of individual nutrients in muscle health fails to account for the synergistic relationships between foods and nutrients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of diet quality and dietary patterns for muscle mass and function in men over a 15-year period. METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted in 522 men from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study with complete dietary and muscle mass or muscle function data at both baseline and 15-year follow-up assessments. Dietary exposures were extracted from food frequency questionnaires and included the Australian Recommended Food Score, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), and three a posteriori dietary patterns: Plant-focused, Western, and Traditional (Anglo-Australian). Outcome variables included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived skeletal muscle index (SMI) and muscle function measured with the timed up-and-go (TUG) test. RESULTS An anti-inflammatory diet and higher scores on a Traditional dietary pattern both predicted greater SMI ((B: -0.04 (95%CI -0.08, -0.00) kg/m2) and (B: 0.12 (95%CI 0.04, 0.20) kg/m2), respectively), while a pro-inflammatory diet predicted slower TUG (B: 0.11 (95%CI 0.001, 0.21) sec) over the 15-year follow-up period. These associations remained significant following adjustment for confounding variables. There were no associations observed for other dietary exposures. CONCLUSION A Traditional dietary pattern higher in vegetables, wholegrain cereals, and animal protein was associated with greater skeletal muscle mass, and an anti-inflammatory diet, also rich in vegetables, fruit, and wholegrain cereals, was associated with greater skeletal muscle mass and better muscle function over 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Davis
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - M Mohebbi
- Faculty of Health, Biostatistics Unit, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - F Collier
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases (GCEID), Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - A Loughman
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - H Staudacher
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - N Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J A Pasco
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Australia
| | - F N Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, Australia
- James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Karlsson M, Becker W, Cederholm TE, Byberg L. A posteriori dietary patterns in 71-year-old Swedish men and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1-12. [PMID: 34585650 PMCID: PMC9361200 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of diet in sarcopenia is unclear, and results from studies using dietary patterns (DP) are inconsistent. We assessed how adherences to a posteriori DP are associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia and its components 16 years later. Four DP were defined in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men at baseline (n 1133, average age 71 years). Among 257 men with information at follow-up, 19 % (n 50) had sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition. Adherence to DP2 (mainly characterised by high intake of vegetables, green salad, fruit, poultry, rice and pasta) was non-linearly associated with sarcopenia; adjusted OR and 95 % CI for medium and high v. low adherence: 0·41 (0·17, 0·98) and 0·40 (0·17, 0·94). The OR per standard deviation (sd) higher adherence to DP2 was 0·70 (0·48, 1·03). Adjusted OR (95 % CI) for 1 sd higher adherence to DP1 (mainly characterised by high consumption of milk and cereals), DP3 (mainly characterised by high consumption of bread, cheese, marmalade, jam and sugar) and DP4 (mainly characterised by high consumption of potatoes, meat and egg and low consumption of fermented milk) were 1·04 (0·74, 1·46), 1·19 (0·71, 2·00) and 1·08 (0·77, 1·53), respectively. There were no clear associations between adherence to the DP and muscle strength, muscle mass, physical performance or sarcopenia using EWGSOP1 (sarcopenia n 54). Our results indicate that diet may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia in old Swedish men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Karlsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wulf Becker
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tommy E. Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Papaioannou KG, Nilsson A, Nilsson LM, Kadi F. Healthy Eating Is Associated with Sarcopenia Risk in Physically Active Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082813. [PMID: 34444973 PMCID: PMC8401667 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy Diet and physical activity may play important roles in the maintenance of muscle health during aging. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of adherence to healthy dietary patterns on sarcopenia risk in a sample of physically active older men and women, while considering adherence to guidelines on muscle strengthening activities (MSA) and protein intake. Based on a sample of 191 physically active men and women (65-70 years), dietary intake was assessed using a 90-items food-frequency-questionnaire (FFQ) and Healthy Diet Score (HDS) was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. A sarcopenia risk score (SRS) was derived based on three indicators of muscle health: muscle mass was assessed using bioelectrical impedance and handgrip strength and 5 times sit-to-stand (5-STS) were determined by standardized procedures. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine differences in SRS and its components across sex-specific tertiles of HDS, with adjustments for covariates including total energy intake, protein intake and MSA. A significant main effect (p < 0.05) of HDS on SRS was observed, where those belonging to the highest HDS tertile had lower SRS compared to those in the lowest tertile. A corresponding significant effect was observed for 5-STS performance, with better performance in those with the highest HDS adherence compared to those with the lowest. The present study supports guidelines emphasizing diet quality beyond amounts of macro- and micronutrients in the prevention of age-related deterioration of muscle health. Importantly, the benefits from healthy dietary patterns are evident in older adults who already adhere to guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Nilsson
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (K.-G.P.); (F.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-19-303-553
| | | | - Fawzi Kadi
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (K.-G.P.); (F.K.)
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Association between Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080811. [PMID: 34440555 PMCID: PMC8399213 DOI: 10.3390/life11080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nutrition is a key determinant of sarcopenia in later life. (2) Methods: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies examining association of diet quality with muscle mass (MM), muscle strength (MS) or physical performance (PP) among older adults was conducted. A total of 22,885 results were obtained from a literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria included diet quality assessment via dietary indices or statistical approaches, a sample of adults aged 45 years and over at baseline in a longitudinal study design. (3) Results: Of the 22,885 cohort studies, 14 studies were eligible. Meaningful results were obtained for the Mediterranean diet and Nordic diet regarding the decrease of sarcopenia risk, however results from non-European countries were inconsistent. In addition, due to the insufficient number of studies on Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFG-ST), dietary variety score (DVS), and dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), effectiveness was difficult to prove. Studies using factor analysis to examine dietary patterns suggested that the risk of sarcopenia is increased with a high in saturated fat diet such as westernized pattern etc. (4) Conclusion: In this systematic review it was found that various diet qualities are meaningful to a decreased risk of sarcopenia.
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Moreira-Pais A, Ferreira R, Oliveira PA, Duarte JA. Sarcopenia versus cancer cachexia: the muscle wasting continuum in healthy and diseased aging. Biogerontology 2021; 22:459-477. [PMID: 34324116 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Muscle wasting is one of the major health problems in older adults and is traditionally associated to sarcopenia. Nonetheless, muscle loss may also occur in older adults in the presence of cancer, and in this case, it is associated to cancer cachexia. The clinical management of these conditions is a challenge due to, at least in part, the difficulties in their differential diagnosis. Thus, efforts have been made to better comprehend the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and cancer cachexia, envisioning the improvement of their clinical discrimination and treatment. To add insights on this topic, this review discusses the current knowledge on key molecular players underlying sarcopenia and cancer cachexia in a comparative perspective. Data retrieved from this analysis highlight that while sarcopenia is characterized by the atrophy of fast-twitch muscle fibers, in cancer cachexia an increase in the proportion of fast-twitch fibers appears to happen. The molecular drivers for these specificmuscle remodeling patterns are still unknown; however, among the predominant contributors to sarcopenia is the age-induced neuromuscular denervation, and in cancer cachexia, the muscle disuse experienced by cancer patients seems to play an important role. Moreover, inflammation appears to be more severe in cancer cachexia. Impairment of nutrition-related mediators may also contribute to sarcopenia and cancer cachexia, being distinctly modulated in each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal. .,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. .,Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal. .,Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José A Duarte
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal. .,Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal. .,TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal.
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Pan SQ, Li YM, Li XF, Xiong R. Sarcopenia in geriatric patients from the plateau region of Qinghai-Tibet: A cross-sectional study. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:5092-5101. [PMID: 34307560 PMCID: PMC8283610 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.5092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, which depends on an assessment of muscle strength and muscle mass. It has been reported that the prevalence of sarcopenia in non-hospitalized elderly people was 9.0%-18.5% in the lowland plains. However, epidemiological investigations of sarcopenia in plateau regions are limited. The city of Xining in Qinghai Province (altitude 2260 m) is the sole point of access to the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. We hypothesized that the diverse ethnicities or dietary habits of the people living in the plateau may influence the prevalence of sarcopenia.
AIM To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in geriatric patients from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau region.
METHODS From October to December 2018, 150 hospitalized geriatric patients (72.4 ± 5.60 years) from Xining City (altitude 2260 m) in Qinghai Province were recruited. Collected data included demographics, history of fall, nutritional status, self-care ability, depression, handgrip, muscle mass, and 6-m gait speed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the 2014 criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.
RESULTS The overall rate of sarcopenia was 20% (8.7 and 11.3% in men and women, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that widowhood was associated with sarcopenia, while higher body mass index and beef and mutton consumption were protective.
CONCLUSION The prevalence of sarcopenia in hospitalized geriatric patients in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau region was higher than that in the plain region and in non-hospitalized geriatric people (reported elsewhere). Specific cultural features of the region, including ethnicity, brewed tea and ghee consumption, were not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Higher body mass index and consumption of beef and mutton were protective, while patients who were widowed was at increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qin Pan
- Department of Nursing, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yue-Mei Li
- Department of Nursing, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Li
- Department of Nursing, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Nursing, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining 810007, Qinghai Province, China
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Bagheri A, Hashemi R, Heshmat R, Motlagh AD, Esmaillzadeh A. Patterns of Nutrient Intake in Relation to Sarcopenia and Its Components. Front Nutr 2021; 8:645072. [PMID: 33987198 PMCID: PMC8110707 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.645072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the associations between individual nutrients and sarcopenia, we are aware of no information about the link between patterns of nutrient intake and odds of sarcopenia and its components. The present study aimed to examine the association between nutrient-based dietary patterns and sarcopenia and its components among the Iranian adult population. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, we enrolled 300 elderly adults (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥55 years by using a cluster random sampling method. Dietary intakes of the study population were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was conducted to derive nutrient patterns based on a daily intake of 33 nutrients. Muscle mass, muscle strength, and gait speed were measured according to standard methods. Sarcopenia and its components were defined based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia. Results: Three major nutrient-based dietary patterns were identified: (1) the "pro-vit pattern" that was high in pantothenic (B5), cobalamin (B12), calcium, protein, phosphor, riboflavin (B2), zinc, cholesterol, saturated fat, folate, niacin (B3), selenium, vitamin D, vitamin K, and vitamin A; (2) the "anti-inflammatory" pattern, which was rich in polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, copper, vitamin E, omega-3, magnesium, iron, pyridoxine (B6), sodium, and caffeine; and (3) the "carbo-vit" patternm which is characterized by high intake of fructose, glucose, dietary fiber, biotin, potassium, thiamin (B1), vitamin C, and chromium. After adjusting for confounders, subjects in the top tertile of the anti-inflammatory pattern had lower odds of sarcopenia (OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.10-0.63) and low muscle strength (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96) than those in the bottom tertile. Greater adherence to the carbo-vit pattern was inversely associated with the odds of low gait speed (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.235-0.93). Conclusion: Major nutrient-based dietary patterns were significantly associated with sarcopenia and its components. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Bagheri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hashemi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center (CDRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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The Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Chinese Older Adults: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051441. [PMID: 33923252 PMCID: PMC8146971 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, with risk factors such as poor nutrition and physical inactivity, is becoming prevalent among the older population. The aims of this study were (i) to systematically review the existing data on sarcopenia prevalence in the older Chinese population, (ii) to generate pooled estimates of the sex-specific prevalence among different populations, and (iii) to identify the factors associated with the heterogeneity in the estimates across studies. A search was conducted in seven databases for studies that reported the prevalence of sarcopenia in Chinese older adults, aged 60 years and over, published through April 2020. We then performed a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence, and investigated the factors associated with the variation in the prevalence across the studies using meta-regression. A total of 58 studies were included in this review. Compared with community-dwelling Chinese older adults (men: 12.9%, 95% CI: 10.7-15.1%; women: 11.2%, 95% CI: 8.9-13.4%), the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults from hospitals (men: 29.7%, 95% CI:18.4-41.1%; women: 23.0%, 95% CI:17.1-28.8%) and nursing homes (men: 26.3%, 95% CI: 19.1 to 33.4%; women: 33.7%, 95% CI: 27.2 to 40.1%) was higher. The multivariable meta-regression quantified the difference of the prevalence estimates in different populations, muscle mass assessments, and areas. This study yielded pooled estimates of sarcopenia prevalence in Chinese older adults not only from communities, but also from clinical settings and nursing homes. This study added knowledge to the current epidemiology literature about sarcopenia in older Chinese populations, and could provide background information for future preventive strategies, such as nutrition and physical activity interventions, tailored to the growing older population.
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Tanaka T, Kawahara T, Aono H, Yamada S, Ishizuka S, Takahashi K, Iijima K. A comparison of sarcopenia prevalence between former Tokyo 1964 Olympic athletes and general community-dwelling older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:339-349. [PMID: 33463012 PMCID: PMC8061394 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine how increased muscle mass and athletic performance in adolescence contribute to the prevention of sarcopenia in old age, accounting for the type of sport and the continuation of exercise habits. We compared the prevalence of sarcopenia, its components (low appendicular skeletal muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical function), and musculoskeletal pain using data from two cohorts: former athletes who competed in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and general community-dwelling older adults living in Kashiwa City, Chiba Prefecture. METHODS We analysed the data from 101 former Olympic athletes (mean age ± SD: 75.0 ± 4.4 years; 26% female) and 1529 general community-dwelling older adults (74.1 ± 5.5 years; 49% women). We assessed sarcopenia (defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia revised in 2019) and musculoskeletal pain and considered potential confounding factors such as demographic characteristics, for example, sex and exercise habits. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly lower in former Olympic athletes than general older adults (odds ratios [OR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.94), especially with regard to superior appendicular skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength. This effect was more pronounced in individuals who continued their exercise and in athletes whose sporting discipline was classified as having a high exercise intensity. Conversely, low physical function (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.16-6.07) and musculoskeletal pain (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.24-3.97) were more prevalent in former Olympic athletes and in athletes who competed in sports with physical contact. CONCLUSIONS We observed a lower prevalence of sarcopenia and superior appendicular skeletal muscle mass and strength in the former Olympic athletes, especially among those that continued their exercise habits and those in sports with high exercise intensity. Conversely, low physical function and higher musculoskeletal pain scores were more prevalent in former Olympic athletes, especially among athletes who competed in sports with physical contact. Our results warrant further promotion of exercise in adolescence and beyond as well as providing safety education, which is required to prevent the development of sarcopenia and musculoskeletal pain in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Tanaka
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyo Takahashi
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Gojanovic M, Holloway-Kew KL, Hyde NK, Mohebbi M, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, O’Neil A, Pasco JA. The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated with Low Muscle Mass and Low Muscle Function in Older Australians. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041166. [PMID: 33916033 PMCID: PMC8065722 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated chronic, low grade systemic inflammation has been recognised as an important contributing factor in the development of sarcopenia; importantly, diet may regulate this process. This cross-sectional study examined the association of diet-related inflammation with components of sarcopenia. Participants (n = 809) aged 60–95 years from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were studied. Body composition was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. In this study, low appendicular lean mass (ALM/height2, kg/m2) was defined as T-score < −1 and low muscle function as Timed-Up-and-Go >10 s over 3 m (TUG > 10). Dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores, based on specific foods and nutrients, were computed using dietary data collected from a food frequency questionnaire. Associations between DII scores and low muscle mass and low muscle function, alone and combined, were determined using linear and logistic regression. After adjusting for covariates, higher DII score was associated with lower ALM/height2 (β −0.05, standard error (SE) 0.02, p = 0.028), and higher natural log-transformed (ln) (TUG) (β 0.02, standard error 0.01, p = 0.035) and higher likelihood for these components combined (odds ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.69, p = 0.015). A pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by higher DII score, is associated with lower muscle mass, poorer muscle function and increased likelihood for the combination of low muscle mass and low muscle function. Further studies investigating whether anti-inflammatory dietary interventions could reduce the risk of sarcopenia are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Gojanovic
- IMPACT Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; (K.L.H.-K.); (N.K.H.); (A.O.); (J.A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kara L. Holloway-Kew
- IMPACT Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; (K.L.H.-K.); (N.K.H.); (A.O.); (J.A.P.)
| | - Natalie K. Hyde
- IMPACT Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; (K.L.H.-K.); (N.K.H.); (A.O.); (J.A.P.)
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia;
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - James R. Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (N.S.); (J.R.H.)
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
| | - Adrienne O’Neil
- IMPACT Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; (K.L.H.-K.); (N.K.H.); (A.O.); (J.A.P.)
| | - Julie A. Pasco
- IMPACT Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia; (K.L.H.-K.); (N.K.H.); (A.O.); (J.A.P.)
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
- University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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Choo YJ, Chang MC. Prevalence of Sarcopenia Among the Elderly in Korea: A Meta-Analysis. J Prev Med Public Health 2021; 54:96-102. [PMID: 33845529 PMCID: PMC8046603 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.21.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sarcopenia is a common disease in the elderly population that causes disability, poor quality of life, and a high risk of death. In the current study, we conducted a meta-analysis to report basic knowledge about the prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly in Korea. Methods We searched for articles in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases published until December 28, 2020. Studies investigating the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly Koreans aged ≥65 years were included. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Publication bias was evaluated using the Egger test and funnel plots. Results In total, 3 studies and 2922 patients were included in the meta-analysis. All 3 studies used the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The total prevalence of sarcopenia was 13.1-14.9% in elderly men and 11.4% in elderly women. Conclusions This meta-analysis is the first to estimate the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly Koreans, and its findings suggest that sarcopenia is common in this population. Therefore, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jin Choo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Davis JA, Mohebbi M, Collier F, Loughman A, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Pasco JA, Jacka FN. Diet quality and a traditional dietary pattern predict lean mass in Australian women: Longitudinal data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Prev Med Rep 2021; 21:101316. [PMID: 33505843 PMCID: PMC7815486 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low muscle mass is associated with reduced independence and increased risk for falls and fractures. Identification of modifiable risk factors for low muscle mass is thus imperative. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between both diet quality and patterns and lean mass in Australian women. Data from n = 494 participants of the Geelong Osteoporosis Study's 10- and 15-year women's follow-ups were used (conducted in 2004-08 and 2011-14, respectively), and participants were aged 21-89 years. Self-reported lifestyle and demographics were collected, and food frequency questionnaire data informed the dietary exposure variables: the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS); the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII); and a posteriori dietary patterns. The outcome, Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), was calculated from DXA-derived appendicular lean mass (ALM) relative to height (ALM kg/m2). Analyses employed Generalised Estimating Equations. A higher ARFS score positively predicted SMI over 5-years, and adjustments for age and physical activity did not attenuate this relationship (B:0.044, (95%CI 0.004, 0.084) kg/m2). Following adjustment, both an anti-inflammatory diet (B:-0.034, (95%CI -0.070, -0.002) kg/m2) and a 'traditional' dietary pattern predicted higher SMI (B:0.081, (95%CI 0.004, 0.158) kg/m2). No other associations were observed. Our study reinforces the importance of diet quality for healthy, aging muscle mass. Furthermore, a less inflammatory diet and a diet comprising a wide variety of plant and animal foods may be conducive to maintenance of muscle mass in women. Further studies investigating diet quality's impact on various muscle health measures over longer time periods are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Davis
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Mohammadreza Mohebbi
- Deakin University, Faculty of Health, Biostatistics Unit, Building BC, Room BC4.121, 221 Burwood Highway, Geelong, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Fiona Collier
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases (GCEID), Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Amy Loughman
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Discovery 1 Building, Suite 200, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Discovery 1 Building, Suite 200, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Discovery 1 Building, Suite 200, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Discovery 1 Building, Suite 200, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Julie A. Pasco
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Furlong Rd, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Felice N. Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, HERB Building, Level 3, 285-299 Ryrie St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Hospital Rd, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- James Cook University, 1 James Cook Dr, Douglas, QLD 4811, Australia
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Santiago ECS, Roriz AKC, Ramos LB, Ferreira AJF, Oliveira CC, Gomes-Neto M. Comparison of calorie and nutrient intake among elderly with and without sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1338-1352. [PMID: 33616172 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sarcopenia, besides having an impact on functional capacity, has been associated with increased hospitalization and mortality, and stands out as an essential cause of disability among older people. OBJECTIVE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies comparing the calories and nutrients ingested by elderly people with and without sarcopenia. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Cochrane Library, and Scielo databases were searched. STUDY SELECTION Studies comparing calories and nutrient intake among elderly people diagnosed with sarcopenia and people without sarcopenia were included. DATA ANALYSIS Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using I2 test. RESULTS A total of 23 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average number of calories and nutrients ingested were significantly lower in elderly study participants with sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia. The meta-analyses showed that the average number of calories ingested (n = 19 studies; mean difference, -156.7 kcal; 95%CI, -194.8 to -118.7) were significantly lower in those with sarcopenia than in elderly participants without sarcopenia. Compared to those without sarcopenia, elderly people with sarcopenia consumed lower amounts of proteins; carbohydrates; saturated fatty acids; vitamins A, B12, C, and D; and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and selenium. CONCLUSIONS The evidence so far available suggests a difference in caloric, macronutrient (ie, proteins, carbohydrates, saturated fatty acids), and micronutrient (ie calcium, magnesium, sodium, selenium, and vitamins A, B12, C, and D) intake among the elderly with and without sarcopenia. Additional studies are needed to define the best interventions to improve the consumption of calories and nutrients by the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle C S Santiago
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Anna K C Roriz
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lílian B Ramos
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Andrêa J F Ferreira
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carolina C Oliveira
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mansueto Gomes-Neto
- E.C.S. Santiago and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. E.C.S. Santiago, A.K.C. Roriz, L.B. Ramos, A.J.F. Ferreira, C.C. Oliveira, and M. Gomes-Neto are with the Aging-Related Research and Intervention Center, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.K.C. Roriz and L.B. Ramos are with the Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A.J.F. Ferreira is with the Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. C.C. Oliveira is with the Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. M. Gomes-Neto is with the Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Iqbal U, Jadeja RN, Khara HS, Khurana S. A Comprehensive Review Evaluating the Impact of Protein Source (Vegetarian vs. Meat Based) in Hepatic Encephalopathy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020370. [PMID: 33530344 PMCID: PMC7911290 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common neurological consequence in patients with cirrhosis and has a healthcare burden of USD 5370 to 50,120 per patient annually. HE significantly hampers the quality of life and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients with cirrhosis are at a high risk for protein-calorie malnutrition due to altered metabolism. Current evidence has changed the old belief of protein restriction in patients with cirrhosis and now 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day protein intake is recommended. Case series and studies with small numbers of participants showed that a vegetarian protein diet decreases the symptoms of HE when compared to a meat-based diet, but the evidence is limited and requires further larger randomized controlled trials. However, vegetable or milk-based protein diets are good substitutes for patients averse to meat intake. Branch chain amino acids (BCAA) (leucine, isoleucine and valine) have also been shown to be effective in alleviating symptoms of HE and are recommended as an alternative therapy in patients with cirrhosis for the treatment of HE. In this review, we provide an overview of current literature evaluating the role of protein intake in the management of HE in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Iqbal
- Geisinger Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Danville, PA 17822, USA; (U.I.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Ravirajsinh N. Jadeja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Harshit S. Khara
- Geisinger Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Danville, PA 17822, USA; (U.I.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Sandeep Khurana
- Geisinger Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Danville, PA 17822, USA; (U.I.); (H.S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-570-271-6407
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Yokoyama Y, Kitamura A, Seino S, Kim H, Obuchi S, Kawai H, Hirano H, Watanabe Y, Motokawa K, Narita M, Shinkai S. Association of nutrient-derived dietary patterns with sarcopenia and its components in community-dwelling older Japanese: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2021; 20:7. [PMID: 33461556 PMCID: PMC7814431 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet is a modifiable factor affecting sarcopenia, and accumulating evidence links dietary factors to muscle mass, strength, and function in older adults. However, few studies have examined the association of dietary patterns with sarcopenia. This study examined the association of dietary patterns derived by reduced-rank regression (RRR) with sarcopenia and its components in community-dwelling older Japanese. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1606 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Nutrient-derived dietary patterns were identified by using RRR, with sarcopenia-related nutrients (protein, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, vitamin K, magnesium, iron, and calcium intakes) as response variables. Sarcopenia was defined by using the algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Multivariate regression and logistic regression were used to examine the association of dietary patterns with sarcopenia and its components. Results The first RRR dietary pattern was characterized by high intakes of fish, soybean products, potatoes, most vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, and fruit and a low intake of rice and was associated with decreased prevalence of sarcopenia: the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of sarcopenia was 0.57 (95% confidence interval, 0.34–0.94; p for trend=0.022) in the highest versus the lowest tertile of dietary pattern. This dietary pattern was also significantly positively associated with usual gait speed (β: 0.02, p=0.024). Conclusions A dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fish, soybean products, potatoes, most vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, and fruits and low rice intake was inversely associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-021-00665-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.,Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Nishi-7, Kita-13, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
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Dinparast F, Sharifi A, Moradi S, Alipour M, Alipour B. The associations between dietary pattern of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and depression: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:8. [PMID: 33407325 PMCID: PMC7789271 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease during middle age which one of its complications is depression. Depression is considered one of the major causes of severe disability worldwide. One of the factors that affect the severity and incidence of this disease is a lifestyle, especially dietary pattern. On the other hand, some studies showed the relationship between dietary patterns and depression. The present study aims to investigate the dietary patterns of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its association with depression. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed on 220 patients (mean ± SD age = 54.58 ± 5.08) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (56.6% men, 43.4% women) from Tabriz, Iran. Questionnaires of general information, food frequency, Beck depression and physical activity were completed. The dominant dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis, and their relationship with depression was discussed by regression analysis. Results Three dominant dietary patterns were identified as healthy, unhealthy, and mixed dietary patterns. An inverse relationship was found between healthy and mixed dietary patterns with depression. There is no meaningful connection between unhealthy dietary patterns and depression. Depression had a significant inverse relationship with physical activity. There was no relationship between dietary patterns and Forced Expiratory Volume for 1 s (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) criteria. A positive and significant relationship was observed between mixed dietary patterns with FEV1/FVC. Conclusion Inverse relationships exist between healthy dietary patterns and depression in patients with COPD, and improves the function of the lungs. Further studies are needed to show the exact relationship between diet and COPD depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Dinparast
- Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Akbar Sharifi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sara Moradi
- Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Beitullah Alipour
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah St, Tabriz, 041-33357581, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Huang CH, Okada K, Matsushita E, Uno C, Satake S, Arakawa Martins B, Kuzuya M. Dietary Patterns and Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance in the Elderly: A 3-Year Cohort Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:108-115. [PMID: 33367470 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nutritional support effectively prevents and treats sarcopenia; however, the influence of overall dietary patterns on sarcopenia parameters is less investigated. This study aimed to determine the association between adherence to Mediterranean-style diet (MD), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFG-ST), and modified JFG-ST (mJFG-ST) and muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling Japanese elderly. DESIGN AND SETTINGS This prospective cohort study recruited individuals aged over 60 years from a community college in Nagoya, Japan. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS A total of 666 participants were followed up annually from 2014 to 2017. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, and sarcopenia parameters including walking speed (WS), hand grip strength in the dominant hand (HGS), and skeletal mass index (SMI) were recorded. Self-recall dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire comprising 29 food groups. Adherence to MD, DASH, JFG-ST, and mJFG-ST was determined by tertiles. RESULTS At baseline, the mean age of all participants (56.5% women) was 69.4±4.4 years. WS, HGS, and SMI were 1.4±0.2 (m/s), 28.9±8.1 (kg), and 6.7±1.0 (kg/m2), respectively. In longitudinal analysis, participants with higher JFG-ST adherence scores were more likely to have higher SMI (Q3 vs. Q1: mean difference, 0.048; p=0.04) after adjustment, and its benefits were more evident in men (Q2 vs. Q1: mean difference, 0.098; p=0.047; Q3 vs. Q1: mean difference, 0.091; p=0.017) than in women. WS and HGS were not associated with any type of dietary pattern. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to JFG-ST was positively associated with SMI in Japanese community-dwelling elderly adults aged over 60 years, specifically in men. The country-specific dietary recommendations are required to be developed for sarcopenia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Huang
- Masafumi Kuzuya, MD, PhD, Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Address: 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, 466-8550, Japan, TEL: 052-744-2369, FAX: 052-744-2371, E-mail: ,
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Kiuchi Y, Makizako H, Nakai Y, Tomioka K, Taniguchi Y, Kimura M, Kanouchi H, Takenaka T, Kubozono T, Ohishi M. The Association between Dietary Variety and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9010032. [PMID: 33401433 PMCID: PMC7823748 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between diet variety and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Data of 577 older adults (mean age: 74.0 ± 6.3 years, women: 62.5%) were analyzed. Diet variety was assessed using the Food Frequency Score (FFS) (maximum, 30 points). The FFS assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten foods (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk & dairy products, soybean products, green & yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seafood, and fats & oil). Physical frailty was assessed using Fried's component (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss). The participants were classified into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups. The prevalence of physical frailty was 6.6%. This study found significant associations between physical frailty and low FFS after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio (OR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-0.97, p < 0.01). The optimal cutoff point of the FFS for physical frailty was ≤16 points. FFS lower than the cutoff point were significantly associated with physical frailty after adjusting for covariates (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.60-7.50, p < 0.01). Diet variety assessed using the FFS cutoff value of ≤16 points was related to the physical frailty status in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-99-275-5111; Fax: +81-99-275-6804
| | - Yuki Nakai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Kazutoshi Tomioka
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
- Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
| | - Yoshiaki Taniguchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.T.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kagoshima Medical Professional College, Kagoshima 891-0133, Japan
| | - Mika Kimura
- Center for Health Promotion, International Life Sciences Institute, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Kanouchi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Human Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 583-8555, Japan;
| | - Toshihiro Takenaka
- Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center Tarumizu Chuo Hospital, Kagoshima 891-2124, Japan;
| | - Takuro Kubozono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; (T.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan; (T.K.); (M.O.)
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Chan H, Ribeiro RV, Haden S, Hirani V. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns, Body Composition, Muscle Strength and Function in Middle and Older Age: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1012-1022. [PMID: 34545922 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. A plant-based diet may be linked to changes in body composition and musculoskeletal health. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the body composition, muscle strength and function in middle-aged and older adults. PRISMA guidelines were followed. METHOD A systematic search was completed on databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, PREMEDLINE, Cochrane library, CINAHL and Scopus on articles published until 1st March 2019. Search terms included 'middle-aged', 'older adult', 'plant-based diet' and 'muscle strength'. Title and abstract screening were conducted on 1,868 publications after deduplication. Sample size, subject characteristics, recruitment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, dietary measures, health outcome measures, statistical results and confounders were sorted by author, study type, year and country. The quality of evidence of extracted data was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tools. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS 17 papers were included from 31 articles selected for full review. The majority of the studies were cross-sectional studies (n = 9) and RCTs (n = 6).The remaining studies were cohort studies. Positive associations were found between plant-based dietary patterns; negative association with body composition; and inconclusive association with muscle function. However, further studies are needed to improve the understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chan
- Hilaria Hin Lam Chan, The University of Sydney, Australia,
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Yeung SSY, Zhu ZLY, Chan RSM, Kwok T, Woo J. Prospective Analysis of Fruit and Vegetable Variety on Health Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:735-741. [PMID: 34179926 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence on the topic regarding fruit and vegetable (FV) variety and health outcomes among older adults is limited. This study explored the prospective association of fruit variety, vegetable variety and combined FV variety with the risk of sarcopenia, frailty, all-cause and cause-specific mortality in community-dwelling Chinese older adults. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling Chinese older adults aged ≥65 years in Hong Kong. MEASUREMENTS Fruit variety, vegetable variety and combined FV variety at baseline were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and the variety scores were stratified into tertiles. Sarcopenia (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019), frailty (Cardiovascular Health Study) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (retrieved from an official database) were assessed at 14-year follow-up. Adjusted binary logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards model were performed to examine the association of fruit variety, vegetable variety and combined FV variety with each health outcome. Data are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Baseline dietary data of 3992 participants (median age: 72 years (interquartile range: 68-76), 49.9% women) was available. There were 436 and 371 participants who were newly identified as having sarcopenia and frailty respectively, and 1654 all-cause mortality, 367 cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality and 534 cancer mortality over 14-year. Tertiles of fruit variety, vegetable variety and combined FV variety were not associated with sarcopenia, frailty, CVD mortality and cancer mortality. Participants in the highest tertile of fruit variety (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.70-0.95, p-trend 0.010), vegetable variety (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67-0.89, p-trend <0.001) and combined FV variety (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67-0.89. p-trend <0.001) showed lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with participants in the lowest tertile. CONCLUSION Among community-dwelling Chinese older adults, FV variety was not associated with sarcopenia, frailty, CVD mortality and cancer mortality over 14-year. Higher fruit variety, vegetable variety and combined FV variety were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. Promoting a wide FV variety might be recommended to benefit the health and longevity of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Y Yeung
- Suey S.Y. Yeung, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P: +852 3505 2190; F: +852 2637 9215; E:
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