1
|
Nishikori S, Fujita S. Association of fat-to-muscle mass ratio with physical activity and dietary protein, carbohydrate, sodium, and fiber intake in a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10631. [PMID: 38724633 PMCID: PMC11082163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Higher fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) is reported to be a risk factor for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Although this association suggests that reducing FMR may help to prevent certain diseases and mortality, the relationship between FMR and lifestyle factors is unclear. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study with the aim to elucidate this relationship. This cross-sectional study included 1518 healthy Japanese adults aged 30 to 64 years. We measured FMR in the whole body, arms, legs, and trunk and assessed various lifestyle factors. Then, we performed forced entry multiple regression analyses for FMR with the following variables: sex, age, physical activity, dietary intake, sleep quality, cigarette smoking, stress levels, and body mass index. As a result, whole-body and regional FMRs were correlated with female sex (β = 0.71); age (β = 0.06); physical activity (β = - 0.07); dietary intake of protein (β = - 0.12), carbohydrate (β = 0.04), sodium (β = 0.13), and fiber (β = - 0.16); and body mass index (β = 0.70). The results suggest that in the Japanese middle-aged population, low FMR is associated with certain lifestyle factors, i.e. higher physical activity and a diet with higher protein and fiber and lower carbohydrate and sodium, independent of age, sex, and body mass index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Nishikori
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., 560 Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pereira-Monteiro MR, Aragão-Santos JC, Vasconcelos ABS, de Resende-Neto AG, de Almeida AFS, Gobbo LA, Hermosilla-Perona F, Heredia-Elvar JR, Del Vecchio FB, Aidar FJ, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME. Functional and Combined Training Promote Body Recomposition and Lower Limb Strength in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial and a Time Course Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:932. [PMID: 38727489 PMCID: PMC11083855 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Encouraging healthy aging in postmenopausal women involves advocating for lifestyle modifications, including regular physical exercise like combined training (CT) and functional training (FT). Regarding this population, age-related alterations in body composition, such as decreased muscle mass and heightened adipose tissue, impact health. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of FT and CT on body recomposition in postmenopausal women. About the methods, we randomly allocated 96 post-menopausal women to the FT, CT, or control group (CG). We measured body composition by bioimpedance and lower limb muscle strength by sit-to-stand test in five repetitions, respectively. The training protocol lasted 16 weeks, and we measured body composition and lower limb muscle strength every 4 weeks, totaling five assessments. Regarding results, we notice that both training groups increased lean mass from the 8th week of training. In addition, a reduction was observed in total fat percentage and an increase in appendicular lean mass from the 12th week of intervention. No differences were found for body mass. Furthermore, only the experimental groups increase muscle strength, starting from the 4th week of training. The conclusion was that FT and CT promote similar adaptations in body recomposition without affecting body mass in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Raphael Pereira-Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; (A.B.S.V.); (F.J.A.); (M.E.D.S.-G.)
| | - José Carlos Aragão-Santos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-676, Sergipe, Brazil (A.F.S.d.A.)
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; (A.B.S.V.); (F.J.A.); (M.E.D.S.-G.)
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Gobbo
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Francisco Hermosilla-Perona
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, 28015 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Ramón Heredia-Elvar
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports Science, Alfonso X El Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; (A.B.S.V.); (F.J.A.); (M.E.D.S.-G.)
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil; (A.B.S.V.); (F.J.A.); (M.E.D.S.-G.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-676, Sergipe, Brazil (A.F.S.d.A.)
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Fujiyoshi A, Higashiyama A, Utsumi M, Takeshita T, Miyai N, Arita M. Appendicular Muscle Mass Index was Stronger than Body Mass Index in Association with Atherosclerosis in the Community-Dwelling Elderly. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1882-1892. [PMID: 37407496 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Low muscle mass is associated with advanced atherosclerosis. However, only very few studies on the elderly have investigated a dose-response relationship between muscle mass and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, whether the relationship between muscle mass and atherosclerosis is stronger than that between body mass index (BMI) and atherosclerosis among the elderly population remains to be determined. METHODS A community-based sample of apparently healthy elderlies (≥ 65 years) was cross-sectionally examined for the association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a measure of atherosclerosis. We categorized the participants according to sex-specific quintiles of the ASM index (ASM/height2) or BMI. Using multivariable linear regression, we compared the slope of one standard deviation higher ASM index for baPWV with the corresponding slope of BMI, separately (single-index model) and jointly (simltaneously-adjusted model). RESULTS The ASM index and BMI of a total of 995 participants (60.0% women, mean age 73 years) were significantly inversely associated with baPWV in a dose-response manner across the quintiles in both sexes. The slope for the ASM index tended to be greater than that for BMI in the single-index and simultaneously-adjusted models in both sexes after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Among a community-dwelling elderly population, the association between ASM and baPWV was stronger than, and independent of that between BMI and baPWV. These findings suggest that ASM provides more important information on atherosclerosis in the elderly than BMI does.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Aya Higashiyama
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Miyoko Utsumi
- Wakayama Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University
| | | | - Nobuyuki Miyai
- Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wiebe N, Lloyd A, Crumley ET, Tonelli M. Associations between body mass index and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13588. [PMID: 37309266 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fasting insulin and c-reactive protein confound the association between mortality and body mass index. An increase in fat mass may mediate the associations between hyperinsulinemia, hyperinflammation, and mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the "average" associations between body mass index and the risk of mortality and to explore how adjusting for fasting insulin and markers of inflammation might modify the association of BMI with mortality. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies published in 2020. Studies with adult participants where BMI and vital status was assessed were included. BMI was required to be categorized into groups or parametrized as non-first order polynomials or splines. All-cause mortality was regressed against mean BMI squared within seven broad clinical populations. Study was modeled as a random intercept. β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals are reported along with estimates of mortality risk by BMIs of 20, 30, and 40 kg/m2 . Bubble plots with regression lines are drawn, showing the associations between mortality and BMI. Splines results were summarized. There were 154 included studies with 6,685,979 participants. Only five (3.2%) studies adjusted for a marker of inflammation, and no studies adjusted for fasting insulin. There were significant associations between higher BMIs and lower mortality risk in cardiovascular (unadjusted β -0.829 [95% CI -1.313, -0.345] and adjusted β -0.746 [95% CI -1.471, -0.021]), Covid-19 (unadjusted β -0.333 [95% CI -0.650, -0.015]), critically ill (adjusted β -0.550 [95% CI -1.091, -0.010]), and surgical (unadjusted β -0.415 [95% CI -0.824, -0.006]) populations. The associations for general, cancer, and non-communicable disease populations were not significant. Heterogeneity was very large (I2 ≥ 97%). The role of obesity as a driver of excess mortality should be critically re-examined, in parallel with increased efforts to determine the harms of hyperinsulinemia and chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Wiebe
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anita Lloyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ellen T Crumley
- Rowe School of Business, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fujita Y, Shinkai S, Taniguchi Y, Miura Y, Tanaka M, Ohsawa I, Kitamura A, Ito M. Association Between Serum GDF15 Concentration and Total Mortality in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Populations: The Involvement of Renal Dysfunction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1701-1707. [PMID: 37190783 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is associated with age-related adverse outcomes. However, renal function has not been thoroughly evaluated in studies addressing the association between GDF15 and mortality. We aimed to clarify whether GDF15 is associated with total mortality after carefully controlling renal function markers. METHODS We divided 1 801 community-dwelling Japanese older adults into quartiles according to their serum GDF15 concentrations. The correlation of GDF15 with renal function and inflammation markers was assessed by calculating Spearman correlation coefficients. Cumulative survival rates of the quartiles were estimated. In a Cox regression analysis adjusted for confounders, the association between GDF15 and mortality was evaluated. The discriminative capacity of GDF15 for the prediction of mortality was assessed with receiver-operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS GDF15 was correlated with cystatin C (r = 0.394), β2-microglobulin (r = 0.382), C-reactive protein (r = 0.124), and interleukin-6 (r = 0.166). The highest GDF15 quartile showed poor survival compared to the others. Older adults with higher GDF15 were associated with an increased mortality risk, independent of demographics and clinically relevant variables (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.98 [1.09-3.59]). This significant association disappeared when additionally adjusted for cystatin C (1.65 [0.89-3.05]) or β2-microglobulin (1.69 [0.91-3.12]). The ability to predict mortality was approximately comparable between GDF15 (area under the curve: 0.667), cystatin C (0.691), and β2-microglobulin (0.715). CONCLUSIONS Serum GDF15 is associated with total mortality in older Japanese after adjustment for major confounders. The increased mortality risk in older adults with higher GDF15 may be partly attributed to decreased renal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Fujita
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Graduate School of Nutrition and Health Science, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuri Miura
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Yao, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou HH, Liao Y, Peng Z, Liu F, Wang Q, Yang W. Association of muscle wasting with mortality risk among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023. [PMID: 37209044 PMCID: PMC10401550 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between muscle wasting and mortality risk in the general population remains unclear. Our study was conducted to examine and quantify the associations between muscle wasting and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched until 22 March 2023 for main data sources and references of retrieved relevant articles. Prospective studies investigating the associations of muscle wasting with risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the general population were eligible. A random-effect model was used to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the lowest versus normal categories of muscle mass. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to investigate the potential sources of heterogeneities among studies. Dose-response analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between muscle mass and mortality risk. Forty-nine prospective studies were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 61 055 deaths were ascertained among 878 349 participants during the 2.5- to 32-year follow-up. Muscle wasting was associated with higher mortality risks of all causes (RR = 1.36, 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.44, I2 = 94.9%, 49 studies), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (RR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.58, I2 = 88.1%, 8 studies), cancer (RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.27, I2 = 38.7%, 3 studies) and respiratory disease (RR = 1.36, 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.67, I2 = 62.8%, 3 studies). Subgroup analyses revealed that muscle wasting, regardless of muscle strength, was significantly associated with a higher all-cause mortality risk. Meta-regression showed that risks of muscle wasting-related all-cause mortality (P = 0.06) and CVD mortality (P = 0.09) were lower in studies with longer follow-ups. An approximately inverse linear dose-response relationship was observed between mid-arm muscle circumference and all-cause mortality risk (P < 0.01 for non-linearity). Muscle wasting was associated with higher mortality risks of all causes, CVD, cancer and respiratory disease in the general population. Early detection and treatment for muscle wasting might be crucial for reducing mortality risk and promoting healthy longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dramé M, Godaert L. The Obesity Paradox and Mortality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071780. [PMID: 37049633 PMCID: PMC10096985 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
“Obesity paradox” describes the counterintuitive finding that aged overweight and obese people with a particular disease may have better outcomes than their normal weight or underweight counterparts. This systematic review was performed to summarize the publications related to the obesity paradox in older adults, to gain an in-depth understanding of this phenomenon. PubMed©, Embase©, and Scopus© were used to perform literature search for all publications up to 20 March 2022. Studies were included if they reported data from older adults on the relation between BMI and mortality. The following article types were excluded from the study: reviews, editorials, correspondence, and case reports and case series. Publication year, study setting, medical condition, study design, sample size, age, and outcome(s) were extracted. This review has been registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42021289015). Overall, 2226 studies were identified, of which 58 were included in this systematic review. In all, 20 of the 58 studies included in this review did not find any evidence of an obesity paradox. Of these 20 studies, 16 involved patients with no specific medical condition, 1 involved patients with chronic diseases, and 2 involved patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seven out of the nine studies that looked at short-term mortality found evidence of the obesity paradox. Of the 28 studies that examined longer-term mortality, 15 found evidence of the obesity paradox. In the studies that were conducted in people with a particular medical condition (n = 24), the obesity paradox appeared in 18 cases. Our work supports the existence of an obesity paradox, especially when comorbidities or acute medical problems are present. These findings should help guide strategies for nutritional counselling in older populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Dramé
- EpiCliV Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of the French West Indies, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Martinique, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
| | - Lidvine Godaert
- EpiCliV Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of the French West Indies, 97261 Fort-de-France, France
- Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital of Valenciennes, 59300 Valenciennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bernabe-Ortiz A, Carrillo-Larco RM, Gilman RH, Smeeth L, Checkley W, Miranda JJ. Skeletal muscle mass and all-cause mortality: Findings from the CRONICAS cohort study. Trop Med Int Health 2023; 28:107-115. [PMID: 36573344 PMCID: PMC9945657 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed (1) to evaluate the agreement between two methods (equation and bio-impedance analysis [BIA]) to estimate skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and (2) to assess if SMM was associated with all-cause mortality risk in individuals across different geographical sites in Peru. METHODS We used data from the CRONICAS Cohort Study (2010-2018), a population-based longitudinal study in Peru to assess cardiopulmonary risk factors from different geographical settings. SMM was computed as a function of weight, height, sex and age (Lee equation) and by BIA. All-cause mortality was retrieved from national vital records. Cox proportional-hazard models were developed and results presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS At baseline, 3216 subjects, 51.5% women, mean age 55.7 years, were analysed. The mean SMM was 23.1 kg (standard deviation [SD]: 6.0) by Lee equation, and 22.7 (SD: 5.6) by BIA. Correlation between SMM estimations was strong (Pearson's ρ coefficient = 0.89, p < 0.001); whereas Bland-Altman analysis showed a small mean difference. Mean follow-up was 7.0 (SD: 1.0) years, and there were 172 deaths. In the multivariable model, each additional kg in SMM was associated with a 19% reduction in mortality risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75-0.88) using the Lee equation, but such estimate was not significant when using BIA (HR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.94-1.03). Compared to the lowest tertile, subjects at the highest SMM tertile had a 56% reduction in risk of mortality using the Lee equation, but there was no such association when using BIA estimations. CONCLUSION There is a strong correlation and agreement between SMM estimates obtained by the Lee equation and BIA. However, an association between SMM and all-cause mortality exists only when the Lee equation is used. Our findings call for appropriate use of approaches to estimate SMM, and there should be a focus on muscle mass in promoting healthier ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Robert H. Gilman
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - William Checkley
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - J. Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kawakami R, Tanisawa K, Ito T, Usui C, Miyachi M, Torii S, Midorikawa T, Ishii K, Muraoka I, Suzuki K, Sakamoto S, Higuchi M, Oka K. Fat-Free Mass Index as a Surrogate Marker of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index for Low Muscle Mass Screening in Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:1955-1961.e3. [PMID: 36179769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the relationship between the fat-free mass index (FFMI; FFM/height2) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI; ASM/height2), measured using both bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and investigate the effects of age and obesity. We also evaluated the suitability of BIA-measured FFMI as a simple surrogate marker of the ASMI and calculated the optimal FFMI cutoff value for low muscle mass screening to diagnose sarcopenia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study included 1313 adults (women, 33.6%) aged 40-87 years (mean age, 55 ± 10 years) from the WASEDA'S Health Study. METHODS Body composition was measured using multifrequency BIA and DXA. Low muscle mass was defined according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. RESULTS BIA-measured FFMI showed strong positive correlations with both BIA- (r = 0.96) and DXA-measured (r = 0.95) ASMIs. Similarly, in the subgroup analysis according to age and obesity, the FFMI was correlated with the ASMI. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for screening low muscle mass defined by DXA-measured ASMI using BIA-measured FFMI values were 0.95 (95% CI 0.93-0.97) for men and 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.94) for women. The optimal BIA-measured FFMI cutoff values for screening low muscle mass defined by DXA-measured ASMI were 17.5 kg/m2 (sensitivity 89%, specificity 88%) for men and 14.6 kg/m2 (sensitivity 80%, specificity 86%) for women. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The FFMI showed a strong positive correlation with BIA- and DXA-measured ASMIs, regardless of age and obesity. The FFMI could be a useful simple surrogate marker of the ASMI for low muscle mass screening in sarcopenia in community settings. The suggested FFMI cutoff values for predicting low muscle mass are <18 kg/m2 in men and <15 kg/m2 in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Kawakami
- Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Genetic Medicine, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan; Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ito
- Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Food and Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiyoko Usui
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Suguru Torii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Taishi Midorikawa
- Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan; College of Health and Welfare, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isao Muraoka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Shizuo Sakamoto
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan; Faculty of Sport Science, Surugadai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tabara Y, Setoh K, Kawaguchi T, Matsuda F. Skeletal muscle mass index is independently associated with all-cause mortality in men: The Nagahama study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:956-960. [PMID: 36205330 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine if skeletal muscle mass is a predictor of all-cause mortality and if muscle mass plays a role in the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in community residents. METHODS The study population consists of 3582 elderly (age ≥65 years) adults. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was measured between 2013 and 2016. Men with SMI <7.0 kg/m2 and women with SMI <5.7 kg/m2 were considered to have low SMI. All-cause mortality was determined by reviewing residential registry records (follow-up duration: 2564 ± 373 days). RESULTS The mortality rate of the low SMI group was significantly higher than that of the normal SMI group in men (191.3 vs. 93.0 per 10 000 person-years, P < 0.001), but not in women (P = 0.191). In Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusted for possible covariates, the group differences remained significant (hazard ratio = 1.82, P = 0.011). The results were similar when individuals who died within 1 year of follow-up were excluded from the analysis (P = 0.015). Cubic splines revealed that SMI <6.9 kg/m2 is a risk factor of all-cause mortality in men. BMI was found to be significantly associated with all-cause mortality in men (P = 0.010), but not in women (P = 0.288); however, the association disappeared after adjustment for SMI (P = 0.163). CONCLUSION SMI <6.9 kg/m2 is a risk factor of all-cause mortality in men but not in women. SMI underlies the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality. Geriatr Gerontol Int ••; ••: ••-•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; ••: ••-••.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yannakoulia M, Mamalaki E, Poulimenas D. Intentional weight loss and mortality in middle-aged and older adults: A narrative review. Maturitas 2022; 165:100-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
12
|
Effects of age and gender on body composition indices as predictors of mortality in middle-aged and old people. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7912. [PMID: 35551227 PMCID: PMC9098413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether body composition indices interact with age and gender as a predictor of all-cause mortality, 1200 participants at least 40 years of age were recruited in 2009 and 2010. A multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis device was used to measure each participant's body composition indices, including the fat mass index (FMI), fat free mass index (FFMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), and visceral fat area index (VFAI). A baseline questionnaire was used to collect demographic information about lifestyle habits, socioeconomic status, and medical conditions. All claimed records of death from 2009 to 2018 in the National Health Insurance Research Databank were identified. The all-cause mortality rate was 8.67% after a mean follow-up period of 5.86 ± 2.39 person-years. The Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed significantly negative associations between FFMI or SMMI with all-cause mortality in the total group and those aged ≥ 65 y/o. The FFMI and SMMI were negative predictors of mortality in both genders. The FMI and VFAI were positive predictors of mortality exclusively in females. In conclusion, the SMMI is a better predictor of mortality than the BMI, FMI, and FFMI, especially in older adults. A higher fat mass or visceral fat distribution may predict higher mortality in females.
Collapse
|
13
|
Seino S, Kitamura A, Abe T, Taniguchi Y, Murayama H, Amano H, Nishi M, Nofuji Y, Yokoyama Y, Narita M, Shinkai S, Fujiwara Y. Dose-response relationships of sarcopenia parameters with incident disability and mortality in older Japanese adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:932-944. [PMID: 35212170 PMCID: PMC8977959 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia-related parameters may have differential impacts on health-related outcomes in older adults. We examined dose-response relationships of body composition, muscle strength, and physical performance with incident disability and mortality. METHODS This prospective study included 1765 Japanese residents (862 men; 903 women) aged ≥65 years who participated in health check-ups. Outcomes were incident disability and all-cause mortality. Fat mass index (FMI) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), determined using segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength (HGS), and usual gait speed (UGS) were measured. We determined multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for disability and mortality relative to sex-specific reference values (FMI: medians; SMI: 7.0 kg/m2 for men and 5.7 kg/m2 for women; HGS: 28 kg for men and 18 kg for women; or UGS: 1.0 m/s for both sexes). Association shapes were examined using restricted cubic splines or fractional polynomial functions. RESULTS The median follow-up was 5.3 years; 107 (12.7%) men and 123 (14.2%) women developed disability, and 101 (11.7%) men and 56 (6.2%) women died. FMI did not impact any outcome in men and disability in women, while an FMI ≤ 7.3 kg/m2 (median) was significantly associated with higher mortality risk in women, compared with median FMI. SMI did not impact disability in either sex and mortality in women, but showed a significant inverse dose-response relationship with mortality risk in men [HRs (95% confidence intervals) of minimum and maximum values compared with the reference value: 2.18 (1.07-4.46) and 0.43 (0.20-0.93), respectively], independent of HGS and UGS. HGS and UGS showed a significant inverse dose-response relationship with disability in both sexes [HGS: 1.71 (1.00-2.91) and 0.31 (0.09-0.99), respectively, in men, 2.42 (1.18-4.96) and 0.41 (0.20-0.85), respectively, in women; UGS: 2.14 (1.23-3.74) and 0.23 (0.08-0.67), respectively, in men, 3.26 (2.07-5.14) and 0.11 (0.05-0.26), respectively, in women] and mortality in women [HGS: 6.84 (2.84-16.47) and 0.06 (0.02-0.21), respectively; UGS: 2.67 (1.14-6.27) and 0.30 (0.11-0.85), respectively], independent of body composition, but did not impact mortality in men. CONCLUSIONS Disability risk was more dependent on muscle strength and physical performance in both sexes. Mortality risk in men was more dependent on muscle mass, and mortality risk in women was influenced by lower fat mass along with muscle strength and physical performance. Although improving muscle strength and physical performance should be the first target for health promotion, it is also necessary to pay attention to body composition to extend life expectancy in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Health Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Amano
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Nishi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Yokoyama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Narita
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ge Y, Liu J, Zhang L, Gao Y, Wang B, Wang X, Li J, Zheng X. Association of Lean Body Mass and Fat Mass With 1-Year Mortality Among Patients With Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:824628. [PMID: 35295256 PMCID: PMC8918916 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.824628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPrior studies have found an unexplained inverse or U-shaped relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. However, little is known about the independent effects of each body component, i.e., lean body mass (LBM) and fat mass (FM), on mortality.MethodsWe used data from the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events-Prospective Heart Failure Study. LBM and FM were calculated using equations developed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. LBM and FM index, calculated by dividing LBM or FM in kilograms by the square of height in meters, were used for analysis. We used restricted cubic spline and Cox model to examine the association of LBM and FM index with 1-year all-cause mortality.ResultsAmong 4,305 patients, median (interquartile range) age was 67 (57–76) years, 37.7% were women. During the 1-year follow-up, 691 (16.1%) patients died. After adjustments, LBM index was inversely associated with mortality in a linear way (P-overall association < 0.01; P-non-linearity = 0.52), but no association between FM index and mortality was observed (P-overall association = 0.19). Compared with patients in the 1st quartile of the LBM index, those in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles had lower risk of death, with hazard ratio of 0.80 (95% CI 0.66–0.97), 0.65 (95% CI 0.52–0.83), and 0.61 (95% CI 0.45–0.82), respectively. In contrast, this association was not observed between FM index quartiles and mortality.ConclusionHigher LBM, not FM, was associated with lower 1-year mortality among HF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Ge
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Jing Li
| | - Xin Zheng
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zheng
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Akazawa N, Kishi M, Hino T, Tsuji R, Tamura K, Hioka A, Moriyama H. Higher Body Mass Index in Hospitalized Older Patients Is Related to Higher Muscle Quality. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:495-500. [PMID: 35587762 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the relationship between muscle mass, intramuscular adipose tissue, and body mass index (BMI) in older inpatients. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Hospital-based study. PARTICIPANTS This study included 413 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years (186 men and 227 women). MEASUREMENTS Muscle mass and intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps were assessed by measuring the muscle thickness and echo intensity on ultrasound images. To examine the relationship between quadriceps thickness and echo intensity and BMI in total participants and each sex, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient was used. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether BMI was independently and significantly related to the quadriceps thickness and echo intensity, even after adjusting for other variables for total participants and each sex. The independent variables in multiple regression analyses were BMI, age, disease, days from onset disease. RESULTS The results of the correlation analyses showed that BMI was significantly related to the quadriceps thickness (total participants, τ = 0.431; men, τ = 0.491; women, τ = 0.388) and echo intensity (total participants, τ = -0.239; men, τ = -0.318; women, τ = -0.188). In the multiple regression analysis, BMI was independently and significantly associated with the quadriceps thickness (total participants, β = 0.535; men, β = 0.548; women, β = 0.519) and echo intensity (total participants, β = -0.287; men, β = -0.398; women, β = -0.210). CONCLUSION This study indicated that older inpatients with a higher BMI have greater muscle mass and less intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps. These results suggested that a higher BMI in older inpatients is related to higher quadriceps muscle quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Akazawa
- Naoki Akazawa, Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Hoji 180, Nishihama, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan, Tel +81 88 602 8000, Fax +81 88 602 8146, Email
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sui Y, Huang Z, Dong S, Zheng Y. Comparison of the Two Algorithms of Skeletal Muscle Mass Index: An Observational Study in a Large Cohort of Chinese Adults. Health (London) 2022. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2022.148063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
17
|
de Santana FM, Premaor MO, Tanigava NY, Pereira RMR. Low muscle mass in older adults and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2021; 152:111461. [PMID: 34214624 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia comprises a loss of muscle function and muscle mass. So far, the association between the later and mortality in older adults is inconsistent. A meta-analysis was performed to assess whether muscle mass measured by appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is associated with higher mortality in older adults. Articles of interest were searched for in two databases (PudMed® and Embase®). Cohort and case-control studies reporting ASMI and mortality and enrolling community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or more were included. Nine articles were eligible and included for analysis (n = 10,028). All but one study were considered of high quality by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessment. We calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) for ASMI between dead and living individuals during follow-up across studies. A reduced pooled ASMI in individuals who died as compared to those who survived (ASMI SMD = -0.18, CI95% -0.23 to -0.12, REM) was found. A meta-regression was performed including ASMI SMD, grip strength SMD, body mass index (BMI), sex, study quality, method used to assess ASMI, site of study and age. BMI and ethnicity were found to significantly impact the difference in ASMI between dead and living individuals. These results reinforce the prognostic importance of assessing muscle mass in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M de Santana
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Melissa O Premaor
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Y Tanigava
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Rosa M R Pereira
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sloane PD, Zimmerman S. The Increasingly Global Nature of Research in Aging. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:711-712. [PMID: 32536432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Sloane
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research and Departments of Family Medicine and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Sheryl Zimmerman
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research and Schools of Social Work and Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|